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Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring Accelerometers, Pressure Sensors, Microphones, Torque Sensors, and Load Cells for Precision Measurement Requirements.
Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
General Application Areas ■
Qualification Testing
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Ground Vibration Testing (GVT)
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Structural Dynamics
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Engine Vibration Monitoring
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Engine Test Stands
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Shock and Separation Studies
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Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS)
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Wind Tunnel Testing
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Flutter Testing
Measurements Supported ■
Vibration
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Acceleration
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Acoustics
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Pressure
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Load
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Dynamic Force
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Dynamic Strain
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Torque
PCB Piezotronics is a globally renown manufacturer of sensors and associated signal conditioning instrumentation, to address the demanding requirements of the Aerospace industry. Whether involved with design evaluations, scale model testing, environmental testing, flight test, or critical component monitoring, we can help with off-the-shelf or custom designed equipment that is qualified to meet your specific needs. Faithful supplier relationships are crucial to the success of any test or monitoring program. With an extensive design engineering team, experienced staff of field application engineers, and 40 years of sensor manufacturing experience, PCB® has what it takes to tackle even the most exotic sensor requirements. Additionally, manufacturing operations are certified to AS9100 and IS0 9001 and calibration procedures are accredited by A2LA to ISO 17025. Products can be manufactured to meet specific aerospace environmental standards, and program design requirements to meet RTCA-DO-160 and MIL-STD-810. Low out-gas material designs are available for specific applications. This brochure is intended as an overview to the extensive product line and measurement capabilities available from PCB®. Additional detailed information is available at www.pcb.com. There is never a risk when purchasing from PCB® as our policy of Total Customer Satisfaction guarantees your satisfaction or your money will be refunded.
NOTE: Products as shown are not to scale. For actual product dimensions and specifications please visit www.pcb.com.
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PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
716-684-0001
www.pcb.com
Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
Sensor Technologies offered by PCB ®
Partial Customer List ■
United Technologies Corporation
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General Dynamics Corporation
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L-3 Communications
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Honeywell International Inc.
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Parker Hannifin Corporation
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Computer Sciences Corporation
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Thales Group
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Lockheed Martin Corporation
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Northrop Grumman Corporation
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The Boeing Company
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EADS
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British Aerospace
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Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp.
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NASA
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Pratt & Whitney
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General Electric Company
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Rolls-Royce
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Sikorsky
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MBDA Missile Systems
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Alenia
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Embraer
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ESA
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ESTec Systems Corporation
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Goodrich Corporation
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Unison Industries
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Bell Helicopter
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JPL
ICP® sensors are piezoelectric sensors that contain built-in microelectronic signal conditioning circuitry – yet operate over just two wires. This circuitry requires constant current excitation and serves to convert the high-impedance charge signal that is generated by the piezoelectric crystal into a low-impedance voltage signal for ease of signal transmission and analysis. Low cost coaxial or two-wire cables may be utilized with ICP® sensors and the signal fidelity is relatively unaffected by contamination. Generally, ICP® sensors are more cost effective and easier to use than charge output piezoelectric sensors; however, their temperature range is limited by the survivability of the built-in microelectronic circuitry. ICP® is an acronym for “Integrated Circuit Piezoelectric” and is a registered trademark of PCB Group. ICP® sensors are best suited for general purpose vibration, shock, dynamic strain, dynamic force, and dynamic pressure measurements at temperatures of up to +325 °F (+163 °C)
Charge output sensors are piezoelectric sensors that do not possess any self-contained signal conditioning circuitry. The delivered signal is simply the output that is generated by the piezoelectric crystal, which typically requires a remotely located charge amplifier. Charge output sensors possess the ability to operate at extremely elevated temperatures and as such are excellent choices for turbine engine vibration monitoring. Since the output impedance of a charge output sensor is quite high, the output signals should be transmitted over specially treated, low-noise cables. For high temperature extremes, hardline cables are available, which can either be welded directly to the sensor or provided as a separate assembly. Charge output sensors are best suited for dynamic pressure or vibration measurements at high temperatures.
MEMS sensors are constructed of silicon elements with etched geometries that form either a capacitive or resistive bridge circuit. This element may be left as-is to form passive sensors that require bridge excitation or it may be mated to a variety of on-board signal conditioning circuits to yield self-amplified sensors with either single-ended or differential outputs. MEMS sensors are robust, may be miniature, and offer excellent performance characteristics. MEMS sensors are best suited for very low frequency acceleration (vibration) measurements.
Static DC Response sensors encompass silicon strain gage, bonded foil strain gage, and thin-film chemical vapor deposition styles. Similar to MEMS sensors, the sensing elements of a piezoresitive sensor are arranged in a bridge circuit and may be left passive or coupled to on-board signal conditioning circuits. Sensor types utilizing piezoresitive technology include DC responding pressure sensors, load cells, and torque sensors.
PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
716-684-0001
www.pcb.com
3
Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
Vibration and Fatigue Testing Whether updating or substantiating finite element models, conducting mode shape investigations, searching for resonances within frequencies of operation, or evaluating aircraft structural health and integrity, accelerometers offer the necessary response signals that are vital to a successful test. PCB® offers an extensive line of ICP® accelerometers as well as ICP® force sensors, strain gage load cells, ICP® impact hammers, ICP® strain sensors, associated signal conditioning electronics, and installation accessories that are field proven over many years of successful service. Additionally, sensors with TEDS option are available, which offer automated identification to speed test set-ups and reduce potential bookkeeping errors. Ground Vibration Testing Structural Vibration ■ Engine Thrust Measurements ■ Aeroelastic Response ■ Dynamic Fatigue ■ Qualification Testing ■ Wing, Fuselage, and Tail Flutter
Photo courtesy of Bombardier, Inc.
Flight Testing Modal Analysis ■ Dynamic Response ■ Buffeting ■ Stress Testing ■ MIMO Tests ■ Active Vibration Control
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General Purpose ICP® Accelerometers Single axis and triaxial types Temperature ranges to +325 °F (+163 °C) ■ Low profile styles ■ Adhesive, stud, and thru-hole mounting ■ Welded, hermetically sealed construction ■ Lightweight titanium and aluminum housings ■ Choose from many mechanical configurations, sensitivities, frequency ranges, and amplitude ranges ■ ■
354C10 Thru Hole
354B20 Multiple Connectors
352A24 Teardrop
352C03 Side Connector
355B02 Thru Hole
352C04 Top Connector
352C15 Low Profile
355B12 Thru Hole
356A01 Miniature
352C23 Teardrop
352C43 Low Profile
356A24 Low Profile
MEMS DC Response Accelerometers Single axis and triaxial types Temperature ranges to +250 °F (+121 °C) ■ Self-amplified, single ended or differential styles ■ Lightweight titanium and aluminum housings ■ Welded, hermetically sealed construction ■ Integral cable or connector styles ■ Choose from many sensitivities and amplitude ranges ■ ■
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PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
3711 Single - Ended Output
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
716-684-0001
3713 Single - Ended Output
www.pcb.com
3741 Differential Output
Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
(Vibration and Fatigue Testing continued)
Force, Load, Thrust, and Impact Sensors ICP® or charge output dynamic force and impact sensors ■ Strain gage load cells ■ Triaxial force links ■ 3-Component ■ Impact hammers for structural testing ■
208C01
234B
260A02
261A03
1200/1400 Series
263A01
Torque Sensors ■ ■
Reaction flange Rotary transformer
2308
4115
4102
ICP® Dynamic Strain Sensors ■ ■ ■ ■
High sensitivity Wide frequency range Simple adhesive installation Durable and reusable
740B02
M240
Launch, Separation, and Shock Considerations Dynamic events can impart damaging forces to structures and equipment. Shock accelerometers are used to evaluate impacts, shock phenomena, and isolation techniques to ensure structural survivability of the vehicle and any contents. Additionally, acceleration signals may be utilized to trigger an event or warn of process upset, particularly during launch or firing. Payload and Structural Survivability Assessments Shock and Vibration Isolation Investigations ■ Electronic Safe and Arming Devices ■ Fuses ■ Landing Gear Impact Studies ■ Bird Strike Studies ■ ■
Shock Accelerometers ■ ■ ■ ■
Ranges to 100,000 g Single axis and triaxial types ICP® or charge output styles Low outgassing version available 350C02
PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
350A96
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
350B50
716-684-0001
www.pcb.com
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Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
Health and Performance Monitoring PCB ® is an established, world leading manufacturer of accelerometers, which survive the harsh requirements surrounding condition monitoring of industrial machinery. This experience, coupled with leading edge sensor technology, offers a unique foundation for addressing the critical, varied, and demanding needs of engine and gearbox monitoring on helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. Additionally, proprietary in house piezo-ceramic production yields crystals that address the need for extreme high temperature operation while repackaging efforts have permitted unique accelerometer designs to fulfill space-restricted installation requirements. Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) ■ Turbine Engine Vibration Monitoring ■ Bearing, Gearbox, and Motor Vibration Monitoring ■
Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) of Critical Systems on Helicopters and Fixed Wing Aircraft ■ Engine Test Stands ■
High Temperature +500 °F (+260 °C) Charge Output Accelerometers Single axis and triaxial types Single ended or differential outputs signals ■ Welded, hermetically sealed construction ■ Lightweight titanium housings ■ Radiation hardened versions ■ Choice of many mechanical configurations, sensitivities, frequency and amplitude ranges ■ ■
357B53 (+550 °F/+288 °C)
357B06
357B12
357B54 (+550 °F/+288 °C)
357B40
356A71
357B81
High Temperature +900 °F (+482 °C) Charge Output Accelerometers Single ended or differential outputs signals Welded, hermetically sealed construction ■ Electrically-isolated, Inconel® housings ■ Radiation hardened ■ Available welded hardline cables ■ ■
357C72
357B61
357B69
HUMS Accelerometers Custom engineered to meet specific requirements Electrically isolated to avoid noise problems ■ Choice of connector types or integral cables ■ Choice of mounting schemes ■ Single or multi-axis varieties ■ Continuous operation to +900 °F (+482 °C) ■ ■
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PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
337A30
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
337A31
716-684-0001
337A32
www.pcb.com
337A33
Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
Pressure, Acoustics, and Turbulence Measurements Whether assessing the airflow and pressure distribution across scale models, minimizing noise levels for optimizing cabin comfort, analyzing engine combustion, or evaluating hydraulic equipment, pressure sensors and microphones provide vital information to assist engineers with optimizing their designs. PCB® offers a variety of pressure sensors and acoustic microphones suitable for precision measurements in off-the-shelf or custom designs. Wind Tunnel Testing ■ Noise Cancellation Systems ■ Combustion Profiles & Anomalies ■ Atmospheric Re-entry Studies ■ Hydraulics & Pneumatics Performance ■
Cabin Noise Evaluation Engine Test Cells ■ Shock Tube Studies ■ Pogo Oscillation Detection ■ ■
Precision Microphones Condenser microphones in 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, and 1 inch diameters Prepolarized and externally polarized types ■ Full complement of low noise preamplifiers ■
426A10
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377A50
377B01
377B02
426A30
377A42
Array Microphones Lower cost for multi-channel applications Operate from ICP® sensor signal conditioners ■ Array test stands also available ■
130D20
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130D21
Surface Microphone ■ ■
Low profile for reduced drag Prepolarized
130A40
Dynamic Pressure Sensors Ranges from acoustic levels to >120,000 psi (827,000 kPa) Extremely fast rise times ■ Frequency response to 1 MHz ■ Temperature ranges to +1000 °F (+538 °C) ■ Intrinsically safe versions ■ ■
101A02
103B03
106B52
134
DC Responding Pressure Sensors Internally amplified Full-scale ranges from 10 to 6000 psi (0.69 to 414 bar) ■ Voltage or current output signals ■ Variety of cables, connectors, and pressure ports ■ ■
1500 Series
PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
Toll-Free in USA 866-816-8892
716-684-0001
www.pcb.com
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Sensors for Aerospace Testing and Monitoring
Flight-Hardened Signal Conditioners PCB® offers airborne charge amplifiers and ICP® sensor signal conditioners, which survive severe shock environments and are compatible with 28 VDC power and telemetry VCO systems. Many options are available including multiple channels, gain, filtering, built-in test signals, and TEDS.
422M156
495M50
495M76
495B10
495M77
Worldwide Direct Sales Offices
Corporate Headquarters PCB Piezotronics, Inc. 3425 Walden Avenue Depew, NY 14043-2495 USA 24-hour SensorLineSM 716-684-0001 Fax: 716-684-0987 E-mail: info@pcb.com www.pcb.com Shock & Vibration Toll-Free in USA: 888-684-0013 Fax: 716-685-3886 E-mail: vibration@pcb.com IMI Sensors Toll-Free in USA: 800-959-4464 Fax: 716-684-3823 E-mail: imi@pcb.com Force, Torque, Load, & Strain Toll-Free in USA: 888-684-0004 Fax: 716-684-8877 E-mail: force@pcb.com Pressure Toll-Free in USA: 888-684-0011 Fax: 716-686-9129 E-mail: pressure@pcb.com
Acoustics Toll-Free in USA: 800-258-3222 E-mail: acoustics@pcb.com Fax: 716-685-3886
Worldwide Sales Offices China PCB Piezotronics, Inc. Beijing Representative Office Phone: (86) 010 84477840 Fax: (86) 010 84477840 E-mail: pcbchina@pcb.com Shanghai Representative Office Phone: (86) 021 6374 1517 Fax: (86) 021 6374 1510 Email: pcbchina@pcb.com
France PCB Piezotronics SA Phone: +33 (0) 1 69 33 1960 Fax: +33 (0) 1 69 33 1976 E-mail: pcbfrance@pcb.com
Germany Synotech GmbH Phone: +49 (0) 2462 99190 Fax: +49 (0) 2462 991979 E-mail: info@synotech.de
3425 Walden Avenue, Depew, NY 14043-2495 USA Toll free 866-816-8892 24-hour SensorLineSM 716-684-0001 Fax 716-684-0987 E-mail aerosales@pcb.com Web site www.pcb.com ISO 9001:2000 CERTIFIED AS9100:2004 CERTIFIED A2LA ACCREDITED to ISO 17025 © 2008 PCB Group, Inc. In the interest of constant product improvement, specifications are subject to change without notice. PCB, IMI with associated logo, Blaze, ICP, Modally Tuned,Swiveler, Soundtrack, Spark, Spindler and TORKDISC are registered trademarks of PCB Group, Inc. SensorLine is a service mark of PCB Group, Inc. All other trademarks are properties of their respective owners. AD-AEROSPACE-0208 Printed in U.S.A.
Italy PCB Piezotronics srl Phone: +39 035 201421 Fax: +39 035 203754 Email: info@pcbpiezotronics.it
Japan Toyo Corporation - Team PCB Phone: +81 (0) 3 3245 1240 Fax: +81 (0) 3 5205 2030 E-mail: pcb@toyo.co.jp
Sweden PCB Scandinavia AB Phone: +46 (0) 8 444 3870 Fax: +46 (0) 8 444 3875 E-mail: pcbscandinavia@pcb.com
United Kingdom PCB Piezotronics Ltd. Phone: +44 (0) 1462 429710 Fax: +44 (0) 1462 429798 E-mail: info@pcbpiezotronics.co.uk The Aerospace & Defense division of PCB Piezotronics serves the Turbine Engine, Helicopter Health and Usage Monitoring (HUMS), Ground Vibration Test, Flight Test, Wind Tunnel Test, Fuze/Safe and Arm, Spacecraft and Aerospace Systems design and development communities with sensors and associated signal conditioning for measurement of acceleration (vibration, shock and rigid body); acoustics; pressure; force; strain; and torque. Sensor technologies employed include piezoelectric, piezoresistive (both strain gauge and MEMS) and variable capacitive (both MEMS and microphone). Manufacturing operations are certified to AS9100:2004 and ISO 9001:2000, with calibration procedures accredited by A2LA to ISO 17025. Products can be manufactured to meet specific aerospace environmental standards, with program design requirements to meet RTCA-DO-160 and MIL-STD-810, and low outgassing designs available for specific applications.
Visit www.pcb.com to locate your nearest sales office