2002 dodge caravan service repair manual by servicemanual89d98

GROUP TAB LOCATOR IN 0 2 3 5 6 7 7a 8A 8B 8E 8Ea 8F 8Fa 8G 8H 8I 8Ia 8J 8L 8M

Introduction Lubrication & Maintenance Suspension Differential & Driveline Brakes Clutch Cooling Cooling - 2.5L Turbo Diesel Audio Chime/Buzzer Electronic Control Modules Electronic Control Modules Engine Systems Engine Systems Heated Systems Horn Ignition Control Ignition Control Instrument Cluster Lamps Message Systems

8N 8O 8P 8Q 8R 8W 9 9a 11 11a 13 14 14a 19 21 22 23 24 25 25a

Power Systems Restraints Speed Control Vehicle Theft Security Wipers/Washers Wiring Engine Engine Exhaust System Exhaust System and Turbocharger Frame & Bumpers Fuel System Fuel System Steering Transmission Tires/Wheels Body Heating & Air Conditioning Emissions Control Emissions Control 2.5L Turbo Diesel Service Manual Comment Forms

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS page BODY CODE PLATE DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FASTENER IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FASTENER USAGE DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION - FASTENER USAGE . . . . . DESCRIPTION - THREADED HOLE REPAIR INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . METRIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

...1 ...2

...5 ..5 ...5 ...6

page TORQUE REFERENCES DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 VEHICLE SAFETY CERTIFICATION LABEL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 E-MARK LABEL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 VECI LABEL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 MANUFACTURER PLATE DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

BODY CODE PLATE DESCRIPTION The Body Code Plate (Fig. 1) is located in the engine compartment on the radiator closure panel crossmember. There are seven lines of information on the body code plate. Lines 4, 5, 6, and 7 are not used to define service information. Information reads from left to right, starting with line 3 in the center of the plate to line 1 at the bottom of the plate.

BODY CODE PLATE – LINE 3 DIGITS 1 THROUGH 12 Vehicle Order Number DIGITS 13 THROUGH 17 Open Space DIGITS 18 AND 19 Vehicle Shell Line • RS DIGIT 20 Carline

FWD • K = Dodge • Y = Chrysler AWD • C = Chrysler • D = Dodge

Fig. 1 BODY CODE PLATE 1 - PRIMARY PAINT 2 - SECONDARY PAINT 3 - VINYL ROOF 4 - VEHICLE ORDER NUMBER 5 - CAR LINE SHELL 6 - PAINT PROCEDURE 7 - ENGINE 8 - TRIM 9 - TRANSMISSION 10 - MARKET 11 - VIN

INTRODUCTION

BODY CODE PLATE (Continued) DIGIT 21 Price Class • H = Highline • L = Lowline • P = Premium • S = Luxury • X = Premium

BODY CODE PLATE LINE 1

DIGITS 22 AND 23 Body Type • 52 = Short Wheel Base • 53 = Long Wheel Base

DIGIT 4 Open Space

DIGITS 1, 2, AND 3 Transaxle Codes • DGC = 31TH 3-Speed Automatic Transaxle • DGL = 41AE/TE 4-Speed Electronic Automatic • DDR = T850 5-Speed Manual Transaxle

DIGITS 1, 2 AND 3 Paint Procedure

DIGIT 5 Market Code • C = Canada • B = International • M = Mexico • U = United States

DIGIT 4 Open Space

DIGIT 6 Open Space

DIGITS 5 THROUGH 7 Primary Paint (Refer to 23 - BODY/PAINT - SPECIFICATIONS).

DIGITS 7 THROUGH 23 Vehicle Identification Number • Refer to Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) paragraph for proper breakdown of VIN code.

BODY CODE PLATE LINE 2

DIGIT 8 AND 9 Open Space

IF TWO BODY CODE PLATES ARE REQUIRED

DIGIT 13 AND 14 Open Space

The last code shown on either plate will be followed by END. When two plates are required, the last code space on the first plate will indicate (CTD) When a second plate is required, the first four spaces of each line will not be used due to overlap of the plates.

DIGITS 15 THROUGH 18 Interior Trim Code

FASTENER IDENTIFICATION

DIGITS 10 THROUGH 12 Secondary Paint

DIGIT 19 Open Space DIGITS 20, 21, AND 22 Engine Code • EDZ = 2.4L 4 cyl. 16-Valve DOHC Gasoline (MPI) • EGA = 3.3L 6 cyl. Gasoline (SMPI) • EGH = 3.8L 6 cyl. Gasoline (SMPI) • EGM = 3.3L 6 cyl. Ethanol Flexible Fuel • ENJ = 2.5L 4 cyl. 16-Valve Turbo Diesel DIGIT 23 Open Space

DESCRIPTION The SAE bolt strength grades range from grade 2 to grade 8. The higher the grade number, the greater the bolt strength. Identification is determined by the line marks on the top of each bolt head. The actual bolt strength grade corresponds to the number of line marks plus 2. The most commonly used metric bolt strength classes are 9.8 and 10.9. The metric strength class identification number is imprinted on the head of the bolt. The higher the class number, the greater the bolt strength. Some metric nuts are imprinted with a single-digit strength class on the nut face. Refer to the Fastener Identification and Fastener Strength Charts (Fig. 2) and (Fig. 3).

INTRODUCTION

RS FASTENER IDENTIFICATION (Continued)

Fig. 2 FASTENER IDENTIFICATION

INTRODUCTION

FASTENER IDENTIFICATION (Continued)

Fig. 3 FASTENER STRENGTH

INTRODUCTION

FASTENER USAGE

DESCRIPTION - THREADED HOLE REPAIR

DESCRIPTION

Most stripped threaded holes can be repaired using a Helicoilt. Follow the vehicle or Helicoilt recommendations for application and repair procedures.

DESCRIPTION - FASTENER USAGE WARNING: USE OF AN INCORRECT FASTENER MAY RESULT IN COMPONENT DAMAGE OR PERSONAL INJURY. Fasteners and torque specifications references in this Service Manual are identified in metric and SAE format. During any maintenance or repair procedures, it is important to salvage all fasteners (nuts, bolts, etc.) for reassembly. If the fastener is not salvageable, a fastener of equivalent specification must be used.

INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION The graphic symbols illustrated in the following International Control and Display Symbols Chart (Fig. 4) are used to identify various instrument controls. The symbols correspond to the controls and displays that are located on the instrument panel.

Fig. 4 INTERNATIONAL CONTROL AND DISPLAY SYMBOLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

High Beam Fog Lamps Headlamp, Parking Lamps, Panel Lamps Turn Warning Hazard Warning Windshield Washer Windshield Wiper Windshield Wiper and Washer Windscreen Demisting and Defrosting Ventilating Fan Rear Window Defogger Rear Window Wiper

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Rear Window Washer Fuel Engine Coolant Temperature Battery Charging Condition Engine Oil Seat Belt Brake Failure Parking Brake Front Hood Rear hood (Decklid) Horn Lighter

INTRODUCTION

The following chart will assist in converting metric units to equivalent English and SAE units, or vise versa.

METRIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The metric system is based on quantities of one, ten, one hundred, one thousand and one million.

CONVERSION FORMULAS AND EQUIVALENT VALUES MULTIPLY

TO GET

MULTIPLY

TO GET

in-lbs

x 0.11298

= Newton Meters (N·m)

N·m

x 8.851

= in-lbs

ft-lbs

x 1.3558

= Newton Meters (N·m)

N·m

x 0.7376

= ft-lbs

Inches Hg (60° F)

x 3.377

= Kilopascals (kPa)

kPa

x 0.2961

= Inches Hg

psi

x 6.895

= Kilopascals (kPa)

kPa

x 0.145

= psi

Inches

x 25.4

= Millimeters (mm)

x 0.03937

= Inches

Feet

x 0.3048

= Meters (M)

x 3.281

= Feet

Yards

x 0.9144

= Meters

x 1.0936

= Yards

mph

x 1.6093

= Kilometers/Hr. (Km/h)

Km/h

x 0.6214

= mph

Feet/Sec

x 0.3048

= Meters/Sec (M/S)

M/S

x 3.281

= Feet/Sec

mph

x 0.4470

= Meters/Sec (M/S)

M/S

x 2.237

= mph

Kilometers/Hr. (Km/h)

x 0.27778

= Meters/Sec (M/S)

M/S

x 3.600

Kilometers/Hr. (Km/h)

COMMON METRIC EQUIVALENTS 1 inch = 25 Millimeters

1 Cubic Inch = 16 Cubic Centimeters

1 Foot = 0.3 Meter

1 Cubic Foot = 0.03 Cubic Meter

1 Yard = 0.9 Meter

1 Cubic Yard = 0.8 Cubic Meter

1 Mile = 1.6 Kilometers Refer to the Metric Conversion Chart to convert torque values listed in metric Newton- meters (N·m). Also, use the chart to convert between millimeters (mm) and inches (in.) (Fig. 5).

INTRODUCTION

RS METRIC SYSTEM (Continued)

Fig. 5 METRIC CONVERSION CHART

INTRODUCTION

TORQUE REFERENCES

tions Chart for torque references not listed in the individual torque charts (Fig. 6).

DESCRIPTION Individual Torque Charts appear within many or the Groups. Refer to the Standard Torque Specifica-

Fig. 6 TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

INTRODUCTION

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER DESCRIPTION The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) can be viewed through the windshield at the upper left corner of the instrument panel, near the left windshield pillar (Fig. 7). The VIN consists of 17 characters in a combination of letters and numbers that provide specific information about the vehicle. Refer to VIN Code Breakdown Chart for decoding information. To protect the consumer from theft and possible fraud the manufacturer is required to include a Check Digit at the ninth position of the vehicle identification number. The check digit is used by the manufacturer and government agencies to verify the authenticity of the vehicle and official documentation. The formula to use the check digit is not released to the general public.

Fig. 7 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) 1 - DEFROSTER OUTLET 2 - VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 3 - HEATED WINDSHIELD GRID

VIN CODE BREAKDOWN CHART POSITION

INTERPRETATION

Country of Origin

CODE = DESCRIPTION 1 = Built in the United States by DaimlerChrysler 2 = Built in Canada by DaimlerChrysler Canada Inc.

Make

B = Dodge C = Chrysler

Vehicle Type

4 = Multipurpose Pass. Vehicle Less Side Air Bags 8 = Multipurpose Pass. Vehicle With Side Air Bags

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating

Car Line

G = 2268 - 2721 kg. (5001 - 6000 lbs.) P = Chrysler, Town & Country - FWD P = Dodge, Caravan/Grand Caravan - FWD T = Chrysler, Town & Country - AWD T = Dodge, Grand Caravan - AWD J = Chrysler, Voyager/Grand Voyager - FWD Y = Voyager/Grand Voyager - FWD Left Hand Drive C = Voyager/Grand Voyager - AWD Left Hand Drive H = Voyager/Grand Voyager - FWD Right Hand Drive K = Voyager/Grand Voyager - AWD Left Hand Drive

INTRODUCTION

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Continued) POSITION

INTERPRETATION

Series

CODE = DESCRIPTION 2 = Low Line 4 = High Line 5 = Premium 6 = Sport 7 = Special

6 - Export

Series

B = 4-Speed Automatic Transaxle N = 5-Speed Manual Transaxle

Body Style

4 = Long Wheel Base 5 = Short Wheel Base

7 - Export

Body Style

1 = EURO Wagon-Long Wheelbase RG-53-S Series 2 = EURO Wagon-Short Wheelbase RG-52-H Series 3 = EURO Wagon-Short Wheelbase RG-52-P Series 4 = EURO Wagon-Long Wheelbase RG-53-P Series 5 = EURO Wagon-Long Wheelbase RG-53-H Series 6 = Comercial Van-Short Wheelbase with-CYX Less AS8 7 = Comercial Van-Short Wheelbase with AS8 8 = Comercial Van-Long Wheelbase Highline with-CYX 9 = Comercial Van-Long Wheelbase Premium Line with-CYX CYX = No Rear Seat Package AS8 = Interior Delete Group

Engine

B = 2.4L 4 cyl. 16-Valve Gasoline DOHC (MPI) L = 3.8L 6 cyl. Gasoline (SMPI) R = 3.3L 6 cyl. Gasoline (SMPI) 3 = 3.3L 6 cyl. Enthanol Flex Fuel 7 = 2.5L 4 cyl. 16 Valve Turbo Diesel

Check Digit

See explanation in this section.

Model Year

2= 2002

Assembly Plant

B = St. Louis Assembly South R = Windsor Assembly U = Graz Assembly

12 through 17

Sequence Number

A six digit number assigned by assembly plant.

INTRODUCTION

VEHICLE SAFETY CERTIFICATION LABEL DESCRIPTION A vehicle safety certification label is attached to the rear shutface of the driver’s door (Fig. 8). This label indicates date of manufacture (month and year), Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) front, Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) rear and the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). The Month, Day and Hour of manufacture is also included. All communications or inquiries regarding the vehicle should include the Month-Day-Hour and Vehicle Identification Number.

Fig. 9 E-Mark Label 1 2 3 4

- COUNTRY CODE - REGULATION NUMBER - APPROVAL NUMBER - AMENDMENT NUMBER

VECI LABEL DESCRIPTION

Fig. 8 VEHICLE SAFETY CERTIFICATION LABEL TYPICAL

All models have a Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) Label. Chrysler permanently attaches the label in the engine compartment. It cannot be removed without defacing information and destroying the label. The label contains the vehicle’s emission specifications and vacuum hose routings. All hoses must be connected and routed according to the label.

E-MARK LABEL

MANUFACTURER PLATE

DESCRIPTION

An E-mark Label (Fig. 9) is located on the rear shut face of the driver’s door. The label contains the following information: • Date of Manufacture • Month-Day-Hour (MDH) • Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) • Country Codes • Regulation Number • Regulation Amendment Number • Approval Number

The Manufacturer Plate (Fig. 10) is located in the engine compartment on the passenger side rear corner of the hood. The plate contains five lines of information: 1. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) 2. Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) 3. Gross Train Mass (GTM) 4. Gross Front Axle Rating (GFAR) 5. Gross Rear Axle Rating (GRAR)

Fig. 10 MANUFACTURER PLATE

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

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LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE TABLE OF CONTENTS page LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE SPECIFICATIONS - FLUID CAPACITIES . . . INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FLUID TYPES DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION - ENGINE OIL AND LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPTION - ENGINE COOLANT . . . . DESCRIPTION - FLEXIBLE FUEL ENGINE OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPTION - AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPTION - FUEL REQUIREMENTS . DESCRIPTION - FUEL REQUIREMENTS DIESEL ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

....1 ....2

....2 ....3 ....3 ....4 ....4

page DESCRIPTION - ENGINE OIL - DIESEL ENGINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FLUID FILL/CHECK LOCATIONS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LUBRICATION POINTS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOISTING STANDARD PROCEDURE - HOISTING . . . . . JUMP STARTING STANDARD PROCEDURE - JUMP STARTING TOWING STANDARD PROCEDURE - TOWING . . . . . .

...6 ...6 ...6 ...6 ...6 ..7 ...8

....6

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE SPECIFICATIONS - FLUID CAPACITIES DESCRIPTION

SPECIFICATION

Fuel Tank (Gas)

75 L (20 gal.)

DESCRIPTION

SPECIFICATION

Cooling System** 3.3/3.8 L with Auxiliary Heater

15.4 L (16.3 qts.)

Automatic Transaxle Service Fill

3.8 L (4.0 qts.)

Automatic Transaxle 31TH Overhaul Fill

8.6 L (9.1 qts.)

Automatic Transaxle 41TE Overhaul Fill

9.2 L (9.7 qts.)

Manual Transaxle (T850 5-Speed)

2.4-2.7 L (2.5-2.9 qts.)

Fuel Tank (Diesel)

75 L (20 gal.)

Engine Oil* - 2.4 L

4.7 L (5.0 qts.)

Engine Oil* - 3.3/3.8 L

4.0 L (4.5 qts.)

Engine Oil* - 2.5 L (Diesel)

6.0 L (6.3 qts.)

AWD Power Transfer Unit

1.15 L (2.4 pts.)

Cooling System** - 2.4 L

10.7 L (11.4 qts.)

Power Steering

1.2 L (2.5 pts.)

Cooling System** - 2.5 L Turbo Diesel with Auxiliary Heater

13.8 L (14.6 qts.)

AWD Bi-directional Overrunning Clutch

0.575 L (1.22 pts.)

Cooling System** 3.3/3.8 L without Auxiliary Heater

12.6 L (13.4 qts.)

AWD Rear Carrier

0.7 L (1.48 pts.)

* (includes oil filter) ** (includes heater and recovery/reserve bottle)

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LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS

API SERVICE GRADE CERTIFIED

DESCRIPTION

Use an engine oil that is API Certified. MOPARt provides engine oils, that meet or exceed this requirement.

DaimlerChrysler Corporation uses international symbols to identify engine compartment lubricant and fluid inspection and fill locations (Fig. 1).

SAE VISCOSITY An SAE viscosity grade is used to specify the viscosity of engine oil. Use only engine oils with multiple viscosities such as 5W-30 or 10W-30. These are specified with a dual SAE viscosity grade which indicates the cold-to-hot temperature viscosity range. Select an engine oil that is best suited to your particular temperature range and variation (Fig. 2).

Fig. 1 INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS

FLUID TYPES DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION - ENGINE OIL AND LUBRICANTS WARNING: NEW OR USED ENGINE OIL CAN BE IRRITATING TO THE SKIN. AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED SKIN CONTACT WITH ENGINE OIL. CONTAMINANTS IN USED ENGINE OIL, CAUSED BY INTERNAL COMBUSTION, CAN BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH. THOROUGHLY WASH EXPOSED SKIN WITH SOAP AND WATER. DO NOT WASH SKIN WITH GASOLINE, DIESEL FUEL, THINNER, OR SOLVENTS, HEALTH PROBLEMS CAN RESULT. DO NOT POLLUTE, DISPOSE OF USED ENGINE OIL PROPERLY. CONTACT YOUR DEALER OR GOVERNMENT AGENCY FOR LOCATION OF COLLECTION CENTER IN YOUR AREA. When service is required, DaimlerChrysler Corporation recommends that only Mopart brand parts, lubricants and chemicals be used. Mopart provides the best engineered products for servicing DaimlerChrysler Corporation vehicles. Only lubricants bearing designations defined by the following organization should be used. • Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) • American Petroleum Institute (API) • National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI)

Fig. 2 TEMPERATURE/ENGINE OIL VISCOSITY

ENERGY CONSERVING OIL An Energy Conserving type oil is recommended for gasoline engines. The designation of ENERGY CONSERVING is located on the label of an engine oil container.

CONTAINER IDENTIFICATION Standard engine oil identification notations have been adopted to aid in the proper selection of engine oil. The identifying notations are located on the front label of engine oil plastic bottles and the top of engine oil cans (Fig. 3). This symbol means that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API). DiamlerChrysler only recommend API Certified engine oils. Use Mopart engine oil or equivalent.

Fig. 3 API SYMBOL

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

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FLUID TYPES (Continued)

GEAR LUBRICANTS SAE ratings also apply to multigrade gear lubricants. In addition, API classification defines the lubricants usage. Such as API GL-5 and SAE 75W90.

LUBRICANTS AND GREASES Lubricating grease is rated for quality and usage by the NLGI. All approved products have the NLGI symbol (Fig. 4) on the label. At the bottom of the NLGI symbol is the usage and quality identification letters. Wheel bearing lubricant is identified by the letter “G”. Chassis lubricant is identified by the letter “L”. The letter following the usage letter indicates the quality of the lubricant. The following symbols indicate the highest quality.

Fig. 4 NLGI SYMBOL 1 - WHEEL BEARINGS 2 - CHASSIS LUBRICATION 3 - CHASSIS AND WHEEL BEARINGS

SPECIALIZED LUBRICANTS AND OILS Some maintenance or repair procedures may require the use of specialized lubricants or oils. Consult the appropriate sections in this manual for the correct application of these lubricants.

DESCRIPTION - ENGINE COOLANT WARNING: ANTIFREEZE IS AN ETHYLENE GLYCOL BASE COOLANT AND IS HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. IF SWALLOWED, DRINK TWO GLASSES OF WATER AND INDUCE VOMITING. IF INHALED, MOVE TO FRESH AIR AREA. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY. DO NOT STORE IN OPEN OR UNMARKED CONTAINERS. WASH SKIN AND CLOTHING THOROUGHLY AFTER COMING IN CONTACT WITH ETHYLENE GLYCOL. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. DISPOSE OF GLYCOL BASE COOLANT PROPERLY, CONTACT YOUR DEALER OR GOVERNMENT AGENCY FOR LOCATION OF COLLECTION CENTER IN YOUR AREA. DO NOT OPEN A COOLING SYSTEM WHEN THE ENGINE IS AT OPERATING TEMPERATURE OR HOT UNDER PRESSURE, PERSONAL INJURY CAN RESULT. AVOID RADIATOR COOLING FAN WHEN

ENGINE COMPARTMENT RELATED SERVICE IS PERFORMED, PERSONAL INJURY CAN RESULT. CAUTION: Use of Propylene Glycol based coolants is not recommended, as they provide less freeze protection and less boiling protection. The cooling system is designed around the coolant. The coolant must accept heat from engine metal, in the cylinder head area near the exhaust valves and engine block. Then coolant carries the heat to the radiator where the tube/fin radiator can transfer the heat to the air. The use of aluminum cylinder blocks, cylinder heads, and water pumps requires special corrosion protection. Mopart Antifreeze/Coolant, 5 Year/100,000 Mile Formula (MS-9769), or the equivalent ethylene glycol base coolant with hybrid organic corrosion inhibitors (called HOAT, for Hybrid Organic Additive Technology) is recommended. This coolant offers the best engine cooling without corrosion when mixed with 50% Ethylene Glycol and 50% distilled water to obtain a freeze point of -37°C (-35°F). If it loses color or becomes contaminated, drain, flush, and replace with fresh properly mixed coolant solution. The green coolant MUST NOT BE MIXED with the orange or magenta coolants. When replacing coolant the complete system flush must be performed before using the replacement coolant. CAUTION: MoparT Antifreeze/Coolant, 5 Year/100,000 Mile Formula (MS-9769) may not be mixed with any other type of antifreeze. Doing so will reduce the corrosion protection and may result in premature water pump seal failure. If non-HOAT coolant is introduced into the cooling system in an emergency, it should be replaced with the specified coolant as soon as possible.

DESCRIPTION - FLEXIBLE FUEL ENGINE OIL The information in this section is for Flexible Fuel Vehicles (FFV) only. These vehicles can be identified by the unique Fuel Filler Door Label that states Ethanol (E-85) or Unleaded Gasoline Only. This section only covers those subjects that are unique to these vehicles. Please refer to the other sections of this manual for information on features that are common between Flexible Fuel and gasoline only powered vehicles.

ETHANOL FUEL (E-85) E-85 is a mixture of approximately 85% fuel ethanol and 15% unleaded gasoline.

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LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

FLUID TYPES (Continued) WARNING: Ethanol vapors are extremely flammable and could cause serious personal injury. Never have any smoking materials lit in or near the vehicle when removing the fuel filler tube cap (gas cap) or filling the tank. Do not use E-85 as a cleaning agent and never use it near an open flame.

DESCRIPTION - AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID

FUEL REQUIREMENTS

NOTE: All transaxles have a common transmission and differential sump. Filling the transaxle accommodates the differential as well.

The vehicle will operate on both unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87, or E-85 fuel, or any mixture of these two. For best results, a refueling pattern that alternates between E-85 and unleaded gasoline should be avoided. When you do switch fuels, it is recommended that • you do not switch when the fuel gauge indicates less than 1/4 full • you do not add less than 5 gallons when refueling • you operate the vehicle immediately after refueling for a period of at least 5 minutes Observing these precautions will avoid possible hard starting and/or significant deterioration in driveability during warm up.

FFV STARTING The characteristics of E-85 fuel make it unsuitable for use when ambient temperatures fall below 0°F. In the range of 0°F to 32°F, you may experience an increase in the time it takes for your engine to start, and a deterioration in driveability (sags and/or hesitations) until the engine is fully warmed up.

Engine Operating on E-85 Fuel If vehicle operates on E-85 fuel either full or parttime, use only Mopart Flexible Fuel 5W-30 engine oil or an equivalent that meets DaimlerChrysler Standard MS-9214. Equivalent commercial Flexible Fuel engine oils may be labeled as Multi-Fuel, Variable Fuel, Flexible Fuel, etc. These engine oils may be satisfactory if they meet the DaimlerChrysler Standard. SAE 5W-30 engine oil is preferred for use in Flexible Fuel engines. CAUTION: If Flexible Fuel engine oil is not used when using E-85 fuel, engine wear or damage may result.

CRUISING RANGE Because E-85 fuel contains less energy per gallon than gasoline, you will experience an increase in fuel consumption. You can expect your MPG and your driving range to decrease by about 30% compared to gasoline operation.

NOTE: Refer to the maintenance schedules for the recommended maintenance (fluid/filter change) intervals for this transaxle.

TRANSMISSION FLUID Mopart ATF+4 (Automatic Transmission FluidType 9602) is required in the 41TE automatic and T850 manual transaxles. Substitute fluids can induce torque converter clutch shudder. Mopart ATF+4 (Automatic Transmission FluidType 9602) when new is red in color. The ATF is dyed red so it can be identified from other fluids used in the vehicle such as engine oil or antifreeze. The red color is not permanent and is not an indicator of fluid condition. As the vehicle is driven, the ATF will begin to look darker in color and may eventually become brown. This is normal. ATF+4 also has a unique odor that may change with age. Consequently, odor and color cannot be used to indicate the fluid condition or the need for a fluid change. FLUID ADDITIVES DaimlerChrysler strongly recommends against the addition of any fluids to the transmission, other than those automatic transmission fluids listed above. Exceptions to this policy are the use of special dyes to aid in detecting fluid leaks. Various “special” additives and supplements exist that claim to improve shift feel and/or quality. These additives and others also claim to improve converter clutch operation and inhibit overheating, oxidation, varnish, and sludge. These claims have not been supported to the satisfaction of DaimlerChrysler and these additives must not be used. The use of transmission “sealers” should also be avoided, since they may adversely affect the integrity of transmission seals.

DESCRIPTION - FUEL REQUIREMENTS Your engine is designed to meet all emissions regulations and provide excellent fuel economy and performance when using high quality unleaded gasoline having an octane rating of 87. The use of premium gasoline is not recommended. The use of premium gasoline will provide no benefit over high quality regular gasoline, and in some circumstances may result in poorer performance.

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

0-5

FLUID TYPES (Continued) Light spark knock at low engine speeds is not harmful to your engine. However, continued heavy spark knock at high speeds can cause damage and immediate service is required. Engine damage resulting from operation with a heavy spark knock may not be covered by the new vehicle warranty. Poor quality gasoline can cause problems such as hard starting, stalling and hesitations. If you experience these symptoms, try another brand of gasoline before considering service for the vehicle. Over 40 auto manufacturers world-wide have issued and endorsed consistent gasoline specifications (the Worldwide Fuel Charter, WWFC) to define fuel properties necessary to deliver enhanced emissions, performance and durability for your vehicle. We recommend the use of gasolines that meet the WWFC specifications if they are available.

REFORMULATED GASOLINE Many areas of the country require the use of cleaner burning gasoline referred to as “reformulated” gasoline. Reformulated gasoline contain oxygenates, and are specifically blended to reduce vehicle emissions and improve air quality. We strongly support the use of reformulated gasoline. Properly blended reformulated gasoline will provide excellent performance and durability for the engine and fuel system components.

GASOLINE/OXYGENATE BLENDS

levels higher than allowed in the United States. MMT is prohibited in Federal and California reformulated gasoline.

SULFUR IN GASOLINE If you live in the northeast United States, your vehicle may have been designed to meet California low emission standards with Cleaner-Burning California reformulated gasoline with low sulfur. If such fuels are not available in states adopting California emission standards, your vehicles will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance may be adversely affected. Gasoline sold outside of California is permitted to have higher sulfur levels which may affect the performance of the vehicle’s catalytic converter. This may cause the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), Check Engine or Service Engine Soon light to illuminate. We recommend that you try a different brand of unleaded gasoline having lower sulfur to determine if the problem is fuel related prior to returning your vehicle to an authorized dealer for service. CAUTION: If the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), Check Engine or Service Engine Soon light is flashing, immediate service is required; see on-board diagnostics system section.

MATERIALS ADDED TO FUEL

Some fuel suppliers blend unleaded gasoline with oxygenates such as 10% ethanol, MTBE, and ETBE. Oxygenates are required in some areas of the country during the winter months to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Fuels blended with these oxygenates may be used in your vehicle.

All gasoline sold in the United States and Canada are required to contain effective detergent additives. Use of additional detergents or other additives is not needed under normal conditions.

CAUTION: DO NOT use gasoline containing METHANOL. Gasoline containing methanol may damage critical fuel system components.

CAUTION: Follow these guidelines to maintain your vehicle’s performance:

MMT IN GASOLINE MMT is a manganese-containing metallic additive that is blended into some gasoline to increase octane. Gasoline blended with MMT provide no performance advantage beyond gasoline of the same octane number without MMT. Gasoline blended with MMT reduce spark plug life and reduce emission system performance in some vehicles. We recommend that gasoline free of MMT be used in your vehicle. The MMT content of gasoline may not be indicated on the gasoline pump; therefore, you should ask your gasoline retailer whether or not his/her gasoline contains MMT. It is even more important to look for gasoline without MMT in Canada because MMT can be used at

FUEL SYSTEM CAUTIONS

• The use of leaded gas is prohibited by Federal law. Using leaded gasoline can impair engine performance, damage the emission control system, and could result in loss of warranty coverage. • An out-of-tune engine, or certain fuel or ignition malfunctions, can cause the catalytic converter to overheat. If you notice a pungent burning odor or some light smoke, your engine may be out of tune or malfunctioning and may require immediate service. Contact your dealer for service assistance. • When pulling a heavy load or driving a fully loaded vehicle when the humidity is low and the temperature is high, use a premium unleaded fuel to help prevent spark knock. If spark knock persists, lighten the load, or engine piston damage may result.

0-6

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

FLUID TYPES (Continued) • The use of fuel additives which are now being sold as octane enhancers is not recommended. Most of these products contain high concentrations of methanol. Fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems resulting from the use of such fuels or additives is not the responsibility of DaimlerChrysler Corporation and may not be covered under the new vehicle warranty. NOTE: Intentional tampering with emissions control systems can result in civil penalties being assessed against you.

DESCRIPTION - FUEL REQUIREMENTS DIESEL ENGINE WARNING: DO NOT USE ALCOHOL OR GASOLINE AS A FUEL BLENDING AGENT. THEY CAN BE UNSTABLE UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS AND HAZARDOUS OR EXPLOSIVE WHEN MIXED WITH DIESEL FUEL. Use good quality diesel fuel from a reputable supplier. For most year-round service, number 2 diesel fuel meeting ASTM specification D-975 will provide good performance. If the vehicle is exposed to extreme cold (below -18°C/0°F) or is required to operate at colder than normal conditions for prolonged periods, use climatize No. 2 diesel fuel or dilute the No. 2 diesel fuel with 50% No. 1 diesel fuel. This will provide better protection from fuel gelling or wax plugging of the fuel filters. Diesel fuel is seldom completely free of water. To prevent fuel system trouble, including fuel line freezing in winter, drain the accumulated water from the fuel/water separator using the fuel/water separator drain provided. If you buy good quality fuel and follow the cold weather advice above, fuel conditioners should not be required in your vehicle. If available in your area, a high cetane “premium” diesel fuel may offer improved cold starting and warm up performance.

DESCRIPTION - ENGINE OIL - DIESEL ENGINES Use only Diesel Engine Oil meeting standard MIL2104C or API Classification CD or higher or CCML D4, D5.

that meet Chrysler material standard MS-6395, be used. European Grade 10W-40 oils are also acceptable. Oils of the SAE 5W-40 or 8W-80 grade number are preferred when minimum temperatures consistently fall below -12°C.

FLUID FILL/CHECK LOCATIONS DESCRIPTION The fluid check/fill point locations are located in each applicable service manual section.

LUBRICATION POINTS DESCRIPTION Lubrication point locations are located in each applicable Sections.

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES DESCRIPTION 9Maintenance Schedule Information not included in this section, is located in the appropriate Owner’s Manual.9

HOISTING STANDARD PROCEDURE - HOISTING Refer to Owner’s Manual provided with vehicle for proper emergency jacking procedures. WARNING: THE HOISTING AND JACK LIFTING POINTS PROVIDED ARE FOR A COMPLETE VEHICLE. WHEN THE ENGINE OR REAR SUSPENSION IS REMOVED FROM A VEHICLE, THE CENTER OF GRAVITY IS ALTERED MAKING SOME HOISTING CONDITIONS UNSTABLE. PROPERLY SUPPORT OR SECURE VEHICLE TO HOISTING DEVICE WHEN THESE CONDITIONS EXIST.

CAUTION: Low viscosity oils must have the proper API quality or the CCMC G5 designation.

CAUTION: Do not position hoisting device on any suspension component, including the front suspension crossmember, the rear leaf springs, and the rear axle. Do not hoist on the front and rear bumpers, the lower liftgate crossmember, the lower radiator crossmember, the down standing flanges on the sill or the front engine mount.

To assure of properly formulated engine oils, it is recommended that SAE Grade 10W-40 engine oils

FOR PROPER HOIST PLACEMENT REFER TO (Fig. 5).

SAE VISCOSITY GRADE

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

0-7

HOISTING (Continued) The hoisting points are identified by S.A.E. inverted triangle hoisting symbols (Fig. 5). The front hoisting points are at the bottom of the font rail below the hoisting symbol approximately 250 mm behind the front suspension crossmember. When using outboard lift hoists, verify that the hoist lift pads have been properly adjusted to eliminate contact between the hoist arm and the down standing flange on the sill. The rear hoisting points are the leaf spring front mounting brackets. The hoist pad must be positioned to pick up the flanges on the bracket, not the leaf spring. When servicing the leaf springs or the leaf spring mounting brackets, special provisions are required to support the rear of the vehicle. Position the rear hoist pads under the horizontal surface on the bottom of the sill, inboard adjacent to the flange and centered fore/aft between the jacking indicator tabs on the lower flange. DO NOT HOIST ON THE FLANGE. Place a soft pad between the hoist and the painted surface on the sill to avoid scratching the finish.

JUMP STARTING STANDARD PROCEDURE - JUMP STARTING WARNING: REVIEW ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND WARNINGS. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY SYSTEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PROCEDURE). WARNING: DO NOT JUMP START A FROZEN BATTERY, PERSONAL INJURY CAN RESULT. WARNING: DO NOT JUMP START WHEN MAINTENANCE FREE BATTERY INDICATOR DOT IS BRIGHT COLOR. WARNING: DO NOT ALLOW JUMPER CABLE CLAMPS TO TOUCH EACH OTHER WHEN CONNECTED TO A BOOSTER SOURCE. WARNING: DO NOT USE OPEN FLAME NEAR BATTERY WARNING: REMOVE METALLIC JEWELRY WORN ON HANDS OR WRISTS TO AVOID INJURY BY ACCIDENTAL ARCING OF BATTERY CURRENT. WARNING: WHEN USING A HIGH OUTPUT BOOSTING DEVICE, DO NOT ALLOW BATTERY VOLTAGE TO EXCEED 16 VOLTS. WARNING: REFER TO INSTRUCTIONS PROVIDED WITH DEVICE BEING USED. CAUTION: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO PUSH OR TOW THE VEHICLE TO START IT. THE VEHICLE CANNOT BE STARTED THIS WAY. PUSHING WITH ANOTHER VEHICLE MAY DAMAGE THE TRANSAXLE OR THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE.

Fig. 5 HOISTING AND JACKING POINTS 1- DRIVE ON LIFT 2 - FRAME CONTACT LIFT (SINGLE POST) 2 - CHASSIS LIFT (NON-AXLE DUAL POST) 2 - OUTBOARD LIFT (DUAL POST) 2 - FLOOR JACK 3 - S.A.E. HOISTING SYMBOLS

(1) Raise hood on disabled vehicle and visually inspect engine compartment for: • Battery cable clamp condition, clean if necessary. • Frozen battery. • Clear or bright color test indicator, if equipped. • Generator drive belt condition and tension. • Fuel fumes or leakage, correct if necessary. CAUTION: If the cause of starting problem on disabled vehicle is severe, damage to booster vehicle charging system can result.

0-8

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

JUMP STARTING (Continued) (2) When using another vehicle as a booster source, park the booster vehicle within cable reach. Turn off all accessories, set the parking brake, place the automatic transmission in PARK or the manual transmission in NEUTRAL and turn the ignition OFF. (3) On disabled vehicle, place gear selector in park or neutral and set park brake. Turn off all accessories. (4) Connect jumper cables to booster battery. RED clamp to positive terminal (+). BLACK clamp to negative terminal (-). DO NOT allow clamps at opposite end of cables to touch, electrical arc will result. Review all warnings in this procedure. (5) On disabled vehicle, connect RED jumper cable clamp to positive (+) terminal. Connect BLACK jumper cable clamp to engine ground as close to the ground cable attaching point as possible (Fig. 6). (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY SYSTEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PROCEDURE). (6) Start the engine in the vehicle which has the booster battery, let the engine idle a few minutes, then start the engine in the vehicle with the discharged battery.

Fig. 6 JUMPER CABLE CLAMP CONNECTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 6

BATTERY NEGATIVE TERMINAL POSITIVE JUMPER CABLE TEST INDICATOR (IF EQUIPPED) BATTERY POSITIVE TERMINAL BATTERY NEGATIVE JUMPER CABLE

CAUTION: Do not crank starter motor on disabled vehicle for more than 15 seconds, starter may overheat and could fail. (7) If engine does not start within 15 seconds, stop cranking engine and allow starter to cool (15 minutes), before cranking again.

DISCONNECT CABLE CLAMPS AS FOLLOWS: • Disconnect BLACK cable clamp from engine ground on disabled vehicle. • When using a Booster vehicle, disconnect BLACK cable clamp from battery negative terminal. Disconnect RED cable clamp from battery positive terminal. • Disconnect RED cable clamp from battery positive terminal on disabled vehicle.

TOWING STANDARD PROCEDURE - TOWING WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS WARNING: DO NOT ALLOW TOWING ATTACHMENT DEVICES TO CONTACT THE FUEL TANK OR LINES, FUEL LEAK CAN RESULT. DO NOT LIFT OR TOW VEHICLE BY FRONT OR REAR BUMPER. DO NOT GO UNDER A LIFTED VEHICLE IF NOT SUPPORTED PROPERLY ON SAFETY STANDS. DO NOT ALLOW PASSENGERS TO RIDE IN A TOWED VEHICLE. USE A SAFETY CHAIN THAT IS INDEPENDENT FROM THE TOWING ATTACHMENT DEVICE. CAUTION: Do not damage brake lines, exhaust system, shock absorbers, sway bars, or any other under vehicle components when attaching towing device to vehicle. Do not secure vehicle to towing device by the use of front or rear suspension or steering components. Remove or secure loose or protruding objects from a damaged vehicle before towing. Refer to state and local rules and regulations before towing a vehicle. Do not allow weight of towed vehicle to bear on lower fascia, air dams, or spoilers.

RECOMMENDED TOWING EQUIPMENT To avoid damage to bumper fascia and air dams use: • FWD vehicles, use of a flat bed towing device or a wheel lift is recommended (Fig. 7). • AWD vehicles, a flat bed towing device or a wheel lift and towing dolly is recommended (Fig. 7). When using a wheel lift towing device, be sure the disabled vehicle has at least 100 mm (4 in.) ground clearance. If minimum ground clearance cannot be reached, use a towing dolly. If a flat bed device is used, the approach angle should not exceed 15 degrees.

LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE

0-9

TOWING (Continued)

FLAT BED TOWING TIE DOWNS CAUTION: Do not tie vehicle down by attaching chains or cables to suspension components or engine mounts, damage to vehicle can result.

Fig. 7 RECOMMENDED TOWING 1 - WHEEL LIFT 2 - FLAT BED

The vehicle can be tied to a flat bed device using the two pair of front slots on the bottom surface of the rails, behind the front wheels. The two pair of rear slots on the bottom of the rail between the bumper extension bolts and on the bottom of the rail just rearward of the jounce bumper. Vehicles equipped with a rear sway bar have brackets at this location.

TOWING – FRONT WHEEL LIFT GROUND CLEARANCE CAUTION: If vehicle is towed with wheels removed, install lug nuts to retain brake drums or rotors.

If the vehicle is being towed from the front, whenever possible ensure at least 10 inches road clearance to the tires.

TOWING – REAR WHEEL LIFT A towed vehicle should be raised until the lifted wheels are a minimum 100 mm (4 in.) from the ground. Be sure there is at least 100 mm (4 in.) clearance between the tail pipe and the ground. If necessary, remove the wheels from the front end of the vehicle and lower the front end closer to the ground, to increase the ground clearance at the rear of the vehicle. Install lug nuts on wheel attaching studs to retain brake drums or rotors.

LOCKED VEHICLE TOWING When a locked vehicle must be towed with the front wheels on the ground, use a towing dolly or flat bed hauler.

FLAT TOWING WITH TOW BAR • Three speed automatic transaxle vehicles can be flat towed at speeds not to exceed 40 km/h (25 mph) for not more than 25 km (15 miles). The steering column must be unlocked and gear selector in neutral. • Four speed electronic automatic transaxle vehicles can be flat towed at speeds not to exceed 72 km/h (44 mph) for not more than 160 km (100 miles). The steering column must be unlocked and gear selector in neutral. • AWD models should not be flat towed. For additional information, refer to RECOMMENDED TOWING EQUIPMENT in this section.

If a vehicle cannot be towed with the front wheels lifted, the rear wheels can be lifted provided the following guide lines are observed. CAUTION: Do not use steering column lock to secure steering wheel during towing operation. • On AWD vehicles, all four wheels must be free to rotate. Use towing dollies at unlifted end of vehicle. • Unlock steering column and secure steering wheel in straight ahead position with a clamp device designed for towing. • Three speed automatic transaxle vehicles can be flat towed at speeds not to exceed 40 km/h (25 mph) for not more than 25 km (15 miles). The steering column must be unlocked and gear selector in neutral. • Four speed electronic automatic transaxle vehicles can be flat towed at speeds not to exceed 72 km/h (44 mph) for not more than 160 km (100 miles). The steering column must be unlocked and gear selector in neutral.

SUSPENSION

2-1

SUSPENSION TABLE OF CONTENTS page FRONT SUSPENSION .....................1 REAR SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

page WHEEL ALIGNMENT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

FRONT SUSPENSION TABLE OF CONTENTS page FRONT SUSPENSION DESCRIPTION - FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . 2 OPERATION - FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . 2 STANDARD PROCEDURE - LUBRICATION ....2 SPECIFICATIONS FRONT SUSPENSION FASTENER TORQUE . . 3 SPECIAL TOOLS FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 BUSHINGS REMOVAL - STABILIZER BAR CUSHION . . . . . . 4 INSTALLATION - STABILIZER BAR CUSHION . . . 4 HUB / BEARING DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HUB AND BEARING ............................5 REMOVAL .............................5 INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 KNUCKLE DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 REMOVAL - STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . . . 7 INSPECTION - STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . 8 INSTALLATION - STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . 9 LOWER BALL JOINT DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - LOWER BALL JOINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 LOWER BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT DESCRIPTION - EXPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 REMOVAL REMOVAL - BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT . . . . . . 11 REMOVAL - EXPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

page INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT INSTALLATION - EXPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . LOWER CONTROL ARM DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - LOWER CONTROL ARM . . . . . DISASSEMBLY DISASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - STANDARD) . . . . . . . DISASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - HYDRO) . . . . . . . . . . INSPECTION - LOWER CONTROL ARM . . . ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - STANDARD) . . . . . . . ASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - HYDRO) . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - LOWER CONTROL ARM . STABILIZER BAR DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSPECTION ....................... INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STRUT DESCRIPTION - STRUT ASSEMBLY . . . . . . OPERATION - STRUT ASSEMBLY ....... DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - STRUT ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - STRUT ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . DISASSEMBLY - STRUT ASSEMBLY ..... ASSEMBLY - STRUT ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - STRUT ASSEMBLY .....

. . 11 . . . 12 . . . 12 . . . 12 . . . 12

. . . 13 . . . 13 . . . 14

. . . 14 . . . 15 . . . 15 . . . . .

. . . . .

. 16 . 16 . 17 . 17 . 18

. . . 19 . . . 19 . . . . .

. . . . .

. 20 . 20 . 22 . 23 . 25

2-2

FRONT SUSPENSION

strut assembly (through a pivot bearing in the upper strut mount) and steering knuckle (through the lower ball joint) turn as an assembly.

FRONT SUSPENSION DESCRIPTION - FRONT SUSPENSION This vehicle has a MacPherson Strut type front suspension (Fig. 1).

OPERATION - FRONT SUSPENSION The front suspension allows each wheel on a vehicle to adapt to different road surfaces and conditions without greatly affecting the opposite wheel and the ability to control the vehicle. Each side of the front suspension is allowed to pivot so the vehicle can be steered in the direction preferred. A strut assembly is used in place of the front suspension upper control arm and upper ball joint. When a vehicle strikes a bump, the force is transferred through the hub, bearing, and knuckle, into the strut assembly to absorb the force and dampen it. The top of the strut is mounted directly to the strut tower of the vehicle. During steering maneuvers, the

STANDARD PROCEDURE - LUBRICATION There are no serviceable lubrication points on the front suspension. The ball joints are sealed-for-life and require no maintenance. The lower ball joints have special grease fitting caps that prevent normal grease gun attachment. This has been done to eliminate the possibility of over-filling, damaging the nonvented seal. Do not attempt to remove the special grease fitting cap and replace it with a normal grease zirc fitting. CAUTION: No attempt should be made to replace the ball joint grease fitting cap with a normal zirc fitting or fill the ball joint with grease. Damage to the grease seal can result.

Fig. 1 Front Suspension 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

TOWER CROSSMEMBER TAPPING PLATES LEFT STRUT ASSEMBLY LEFT STEERING KNUCKLE (WITH HUB AND BEARING) STABILIZER BAR LINK STABILIZER BAR LEFT LOWER CONTROL ARM CRADLE/CROSSMEMBER

9 - CRADLE/CROSSMEMBER REINFORCEMENT 10 - BALL JOINT 11 - ISOLATOR BUSHING 12 - STEERING GEAR TIE ROD 13 - RIGHT STEERING KNUCKLE 14 - RIGHT HUB AND BEARING 15 - RIGHT STRUT ASSEMBLY

FRONT SUSPENSION

SPECIFICATIONS FRONT SUSPENSION FASTENER TORQUE N·m

Ft. Lbs.

In. Lbs.

Ball Joint Nut

108

—

Cradle Crossmember Mounting Bolts

163

120

—

Cradle Crossmember Reinforcement Bolts - Size M-14

153

113

—

Cradle Crossmember Reinforcement Bolt - Size M-12

106

—

Cradle Crossmember Reinforcement Bolts - Size M-10

—

Disc Brake Adapter Mounting Bolts

169

125

—

Hub And Bearing Mounting Bolts

—

Hub And Bearing Axle Hub Nut

244

180

—

Lower Control Arm Pivot Bolt

183

135

—

Stabilizer Bar Bushing Retainer Bolts

—

Stabilizer Bar Link Nuts

—

Strut Body/Tower Mounting Nuts

250

81 + 90° turn

60 + 90° turn

—

Strut Shaft Nut

100

—

Tie Rod Adjuster Jam Nut

—

Tie Rod Steering Arm Nut

—

Wheel Mounting (Lug) Nuts

135

100

—

DESCRIPTION

Strut Clevis-to-Knuckle Nuts

Press, Ball Joint C-4212F

Installer, Ball Joint 6758

Wrench, Strut Rod Nut 6864

SPECIAL TOOLS FRONT SUSPENSION

REMOVER/INSTALLER, BUSHING 8460

Puller C-3894A REMOVER/INSTALLER, BALL JOINT 8490

2-3

2-4

FRONT SUSPENSION

BUSHINGS REMOVAL - STABILIZER BAR CUSHION (1) Raise Vehicle. Refer to Hoisting in Lubrication and Maintenance. (2) Remove the 2 bolts fastening the emission leak detection pump to the cradle crossmember reinforcement. (3) Move the leak detection pump to the side allowing access to the stabilizer bar cushion retainers. (4) Remove the nut and bolt securing each stabilizer bar cushion retainer to the cradle crossmember (Fig. 2) and remove the retainers.

Fig. 3 Correctly Installed Stabilizer Bar Cushion 1 2 3 4

SLIT IN SWAY BAR BUSHING. SQUARE CORNER SWAY BAR SWAY BAR ISOLATOR BUSHING

(4) Install each mounting bolt from rear of cradle crossmember through retainer. Install the two nuts and tighten to 68 NÂˇm (50 ft. lbs.) torque. (5) Reattach emission leak detection pump to cradle crossmember reinforcement with two mounting bolts. (6) Lower the vehicle.

Fig. 2 Front Stabilizer Bar Cushion Retainers 1 2 3 4 5

STEERING GEAR STABILIZER BAR RAISED BEAD FRONT CRADLE CROSSMEMBER RETAINERS

(5) Remove each stabilizer bar cushion from the stabilizer bar by opening the slit in the cushion and peeling it off the stabilizer bar.

INSTALLATION - STABILIZER BAR CUSHION (1) Install each new cushion on stabilizer bar by spreading cushion at slit and forcing it onto stabilizer bar. NOTE: Cushions must be installed on stabilizer bar so the square corner of the bushing will be down and slit in cushion will be facing the rear of the vehicle when the stabilizer bar is installed (Fig. 3). (2) Place stabilizer bar into mounted position with cushions properly aligned. (3) Hook each retainer into cradle crossmember mounting hole and over cushion.

HUB / BEARING DESCRIPTION The front wheel bearing and front wheel hub of this vehicle are a hub and bearing unit type assembly (Unit III). This unit combines the front wheel mounting hub (flange) and the front wheel bearing into a sealed one-piece unit. The hub and bearing is mounted to the center of the steering knuckle (Fig. 1). It is retained by four mounting bolts accessible from the inboard side of the steering knuckle. The hub flange has five wheel mounting studs. The wheel mounting studs used to mount the tire and wheel to the vehicle are the only replaceable components of the hub and bearing assembly. Otherwise, the hub and bearing is serviced only as a complete assembly.

OPERATION The hub and bearing has internal bearings that allow the hub to rotate with the driveshaft, along with the tire and wheel. The five wheel mounting studs mount the tire and wheel, and brake rotor to the vehicle.

FRONT SUSPENSION

2-5

HUB / BEARING (Continued)

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HUB AND BEARING The condition of the front hub and bearing assembly is diagnosed using the inspection and testing procedure detailed below. The bearing contained in the Unit III front hub/ bearing assembly will produce noise and vibration when worn or damaged. The noise will generally change when the bearings are loaded. A road test of the vehicle is normally required to determine the location of a worn or damaged bearing. Find a smooth level road surface and bring the vehicle up to a constant speed. When vehicle is at a constant speed, swerve the vehicle back and forth from the left and to the right. This will load and unload the bearings and change the noise level. When bearing damage is slight, the noise is sometimes noticeable at lower speeds and at other times is more noticeable at speeds above 105 km/h (65 mph).

Fig. 4 Hub Nut 1 2 3 4

HUB NUT NUT LOCK COTTER PIN SPRING WASHER

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

- BRAKE ROTOR - HUB AND BEARING - STEERING KNUCKLE - ADAPTER MOUNTING BOLTS - BRAKE CALIPER - ADAPTER - CLIP

REMOVAL NOTE: Replacement of the Unit III front hub/bearing assembly can be normally done without having to remove the steering knuckle from the vehicle. In the event that the hub/bearing is frozen in the steering knuckle and cannot be removed by hand, it will have to be pressed out of the steering knuckle. The steering knuckle will require removal from the vehicle to allow the hub/bearing assembly to be pressed out of the steering knuckle. (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE - REMOVAL) (1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove wheel lug nuts, and front tire and wheel assembly. (3) Remove the cotter pin, nut lock and spring washer from the stub axle (Fig. 4). (4) With aid of a helper applying the brakes to keep the front hub from turning, remove the hub nut (Fig. 4). (5) Remove disc brake caliper and adapter as an assembly from knuckle as shown (Fig. 5). Hang assembly out of the way using a bungee cord or wire. Do not allow caliper hang by brake hose. (6) Remove brake rotor from hub and bearing (Fig. 5). (7) Push in on end of driveshaft stub shaft, pushing its splines out of the hub splines.

Fig. 5 Front Brake Mounting

(8) Remove the four hub and bearing mounting bolts from the rear of steering knuckle (Fig. 6). Use care not to come in contact with and damage the ABS tone wheel on the driveshaft stub shaft upon bolt removal. (9) Remove the hub and bearing assembly from the steering knuckle.

2-6

FRONT SUSPENSION

HUB / BEARING (Continued)

Fig. 6 Hub And Bearing Mounting Bolts 1 2 3 4

HUB STEERING KNUCKLE MOUNTING BOLTS (4) DRIVESHAFT

INSTALLATION CAUTION: Hub and bearing assembly mounting surfaces on the steering knuckle and stub axle (Fig. 7) must be smooth and completely free of foreign material or nicks prior to installing hub and bearing assembly.

(1) Install hub and bearing onto stub axle and into steering knuckle until squarely seated on the face of the steering knuckle. (2) Install the 4 hub and bearing mounting bolts from the rear of the knuckle. Equally tighten all 4 mounting bolts in a criss-cross pattern until hub/ bearing assembly is squarely seated against front of steering knuckle. Tighten mounting bolts to a torque of 65 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) (3) Install the brake rotor on the hub and bearing (Fig. 5). (4) Install brake caliper and adapter assembly back over brake rotor and align with mounting holes on steering knuckle (Fig. 5). Install the mounting bolts and tighten to 169 N·m (125 ft. lbs.) torque. (5) Install the hub nut on the end of the stub axle (Fig. 4). With aid of a helper applying the brakes to keep the front hub from turning, tighten the hub nut to Install the mounting bolts and tighten to 244 N·m (180 ft. lbs.) torque. (6) Install wheel and tire assembly on vehicle. Tighten the wheel mounting stud nuts in proper sequence until all nuts are torqued to half specification. Then repeat the tightening sequence to the full specified torque of 135 N·m (100 ft. lbs.). (7) Lower vehicle to the ground. (8) Check the front wheel alignment toe setting and reset if not within specifications. (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT - STANDARD PROCEDURE)

KNUCKLE DESCRIPTION

Fig. 7 Mounting Surfaces (Typical) 1 - BEARING SEAL 2 - STUB AXLE 3 - THESE SURFACES MUST BE CLEAN AND FREE OF NICKS BEFORE INSTALLING BEARING ASSEMBLY 4 - STEERING KNUCKLE

CAUTION: When installing hub and bearing into steering knuckle, be careful not to damage the bearing seal (Fig. 7) on the outer C/V joint.

The steering knuckle is a single aluminum casting with legs machined for attachment of the strut assembly, steering linkage, disc brake caliper adapter, lower control arm ball joint and steering linkage (Fig. 1). The hub and bearing assembly is mounted in the center of the steering knuckle using 4 bolts. The driveshaft’s constant velocity (C/V) stub axle is splined through the center of the hub and bearing and is held in place using a nut, nut lock and cotter pin. Service replacement of the front hub and bearing assembly can be done with the steering knuckle remaining on the vehicle.

OPERATION The steering knuckle pivots with the strut assembly between the lower ball joint and the pivot bearing in the strut assembly. The steering gear outer tie rod end connects to the trailing end of each knuckle, allowing the vehicle to be steered.

FRONT SUSPENSION

RS KNUCKLE (Continued) The center of the knuckle supports the hub and bearing and axle shaft.

REMOVAL - STEERING KNUCKLE (1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove the wheel and tire assembly from the vehicle. (3) Remove the cotter pin, nut lock and spring washer from the end of the stub axle and hub nut (Fig. 8).

Fig. 9 Front Brake Mounting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

- BRAKE ROTOR - HUB AND BEARING - STEERING KNUCKLE - ADAPTER MOUNTING BOLTS - BRAKE CALIPER - ADAPTER - CLIP

Fig. 8 Hub Nut 1 2 3 4

HUB NUT NUT LOCK COTTER PIN SPRING WASHER

(4) Have a helper apply the vehicle’s brakes to keep hub from turning, loosen and remove the hub nut (Fig. 8). (5) Remove disc brake caliper and adapter as an assembly from knuckle as shown (Fig. 9). Hang assembly out of the way using a bungee cord or wire (Fig. 10). Do not allow caliper to hang by brake hose. (6) Remove nut attaching outer tie rod end to steering knuckle by holding the tie rod end stud while loosening and removing nut with a wrench (Fig. 11). (7) Remove tie rod end from steering knuckle using Remover, Special Tool C-3894–A (Fig. 12). (8) If equipped with antilock brakes, remove the front wheel speed sensor from the steering knuckle (Fig. 13). (9) Remove the two steering knuckle-to-strut clevis bracket attaching bolts. (10) Tip the knuckle outward and remove the driveshaft stub axle from the hub and bearing. Suspend driveshaft straight outward using a bungee cord or wire (Fig. 10). Do not allow driveshaft to hang by inner joint.

Fig. 10 Caliper And Driveshaft Suspended 1 2 3 4

HANGER SUSPENDING CALIPER HANGER SUSPENDING DRIVESHAFT DRIVESHAFT BRAKE CALIPER

2-7

2-8

FRONT SUSPENSION

KNUCKLE (Continued)

Fig. 11 Removing Tie Rod End Attaching Nut 1 2 3 4 5

TIE ROD END STEERING KNUCKLE WRENCH SOCKET TIE ROD END STUD

Fig. 13 Front Wheel Speed Sensor 1 - MOUNTING BOLT 2 - WHEEL SPEED SENSOR 3 - STEERING KNUCKLE

in the knuckle at this time, it is not necessary to hold the stud stationary to remove the nut. (12) Reinstall the ball joint nut until the top of the nut is even with the top of the ball joint stud. This will keep the stud from distorting while the stud is released from the knuckle in the following step. CAUTION: Do not remove ball joint stud from steering knuckle using a hammer. Damage to the Aluminum knuckle, ball joint or control arm will result. (13) Release ball joint stud from steering knuckle using Remover, Special Tool C-4150A, as shown (Fig. 14). To ease Remover installation and use, it may help to rotate the knuckle around so the inside of the knuckle faces outward. (14) Remove the nut from the top of the ball joint stud. (15) Remove the steering knuckle from the vehicle. (16) If the hub and bearing needs to be transferred, remove the four bolts attaching the hub and bearing to the knuckle, then remove the hub and bearing.

INSPECTION - STEERING KNUCKLE Fig. 12 Tie Rod Removal With Tool C-3894-A 1 - OUTER TIE ROD 2 - SPECIAL TOOL C-3894-A 3 - STEERING KNUCKLE

(11) Remove ball joint nut using a power impact wrench. Because the tapered stud is held sufficiently

Inspect the knuckle for the following: • Cracks or breaks • Dents or damage • Stress marks indicating a bend The front suspension knuckle is not a repairable component of the vehicles front suspension. If bent, broken or damaged in any way, do not attempt to straighten or repair the steering knuckle. It must be replaced.

FRONT SUSPENSION

2-9

KNUCKLE (Continued) wrench, tighten the nut to a torque of 108 N·m (80 ft. lbs.).

Fig. 15 Ball Joint Nut Installation 1 - KNUCKLE 2 - BALL JOINT STUD 3 - LOWER CONTROL ARM

Fig. 14 Using C-4150A To Release Ball Joint 1 2 3 4

- ALUMINUM KNUCKLE - SPECIAL TOOL C-4150A - LOWER CONTROL ARM - NUT INSTALLED ON BALL JOINT STEM

If inspection leads to the hub and bearing, (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/HUB / BEARING DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)

INSTALLATION - STEERING KNUCKLE (1) If the hub and bearing needs to be installed in the knuckle, place the hub and bearing squarely into the center hole of the steering knuckle aligning the threaded mounting holes of the hub and bearing with the mounting holes in the steering knuckle. Install the four mounting bolts and tighten them to a torque of 65 N·m (45 ft. lbs.). CAUTION: Before installing the knuckle on the ball joint stud, wipe the ball joint stud and knuckle contact area free of any grease or debris, otherwise damage to the knuckle can occur. Use a clean shop cloth with MoparT Brake Parts Cleaner applied to it for proper cleaning. Do not spray the stud directly. (2) Place the knuckle on the ball joint stud. (3) Install a NEW steering knuckle to ball joint stud nut. Tighten the nut by holding ball joint stud with hex wrench while turning nut with a wrench (Fig. 15). Using a crowsfoot wrench on a torque

(4) Slide driveshaft stub axle into hub and bearing assembly. CAUTION: The steering knuckle to strut assembly attaching bolts are serrated and must not be turned during installation. Install nuts while holding bolts stationary in the steering knuckle. CAUTION: If the vehicle being serviced is equipped with eccentric strut assembly attaching bolts, the eccentric bolt must be installed in the bottom (slotted) hole on the strut clevis bracket (Fig. 16). NOTE: The strut clevis-to-steering knuckle bolts are installed differently on each side. Left hand side bolts are to be installed from vehicle rear to front. Right side bolts are to be installed from vehicle front to rear. (5) Install steering knuckle in clevis bracket of strut damper assembly. Install the strut clevis-tosteering knuckle attaching bolts. Tighten both bolts to a torque of 81 N·m (60 ft. lbs.) plus an additional 1/4 (90°) turn. (6) Install tie rod end into knuckle steering arm. Start nut onto stud of tie rod end. While holding stud of tie rod end stationary using a socket (Fig. 11), tighten tie rod end to steering knuckle attaching nut. Tighten the tie rod end nut to a torque of 75 N·m (55 ft. lbs.).

2 - 10

FRONT SUSPENSION

KNUCKLE (Continued)

LOWER BALL JOINT DESCRIPTION

Fig. 16 Correctly Installed Eccentric Attaching Bolt 1 2 3 4

STEERING KNUCKLE FLANGED BOLT IN TOP HOLE CAM BOLT IN BOTTOM HOLE STRUT CLEVIS BRACKET

(7) If equipped with antilock brakes, install wheel speed sensor and mounting bolt on steering knuckle (Fig. 13). Tighten the speed sensor bolt to a torque of 7 N·m (60 in. lbs.). (8) Install brake rotor on hub and bearing (Fig. 9). (9) Install disc brake caliper and adapter assembly on steering knuckle. Install adapter amounting bolts and tighten to 169 N·m (125 ft. lbs.). (10) Clean any debris from the threads of the outer C/V joint stub axle. (11) Install the washer and hub nut on stub axle. (12) Have a helper apply the vehicle’s brakes to keep hub from turning, then tighten hub nut to a torque of 244 N·m (180 ft. lbs.). (13) Install the spring wave washer on the end of the stub axle. (14) Install the hub nut lock, and a new cotter pin (Fig. 8). Wrap cotter pin prongs tightly around the hub nut lock. (15) Install wheel and tire assembly. Install and tighten the wheel mounting nuts in proper sequence until all nuts are torqued to half the required specification. Then repeat the tightening sequence to the full specified torque of 135 N·m (100 ft. lbs.). (16) Lower vehicle. (17) Set front wheel alignment camber and toe as necessary. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT - STANDARD PROCEDURE)

The ball joint is an integral part of the lower control arm (Fig. 1). The ball joint has a tapered stud that is pressed into the aluminum knuckle. The ball joint stud is threaded on the end for a retainer nut. The ball joint has a non-vented seal boot. The seal boot has an integrated heat shield. The ball joint used in the lower control arm of this vehicle is a sealed-for-life ball joint and requires no maintenance lubrication. The ball joint has been lubricated-for-life during the manufacturing process. A special fitting cap is installed on the fill port. This cap must not be removed and replaced with a common zirc fitting. The special cap is there to eliminate the possibility of lubrication latter during the ball joints life, thus damaging the non-vented seal boot. NOTE: The ball joint does not require any type of additional lubrication for the life of the vehicle. No attempt should be made to ever add any lubrication to the lower ball joint.

OPERATION The ball joint is a pivotal joint on the lower control arm that allows the knuckle to move up and down, and turn with ease.

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - LOWER BALL JOINT With the weight of the vehicle resting on the road wheels, grasp the special fitting cap on the bottom of the ball joint and with no mechanical assistance or added force, attempt to rotate the grease fitting. If the ball joint is worn, the grease fitting will rotate easily. If movement is noted, replacement of the control arm is recommended.

LOWER BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT DESCRIPTION - EXPORT The lower ball joint seal boot is a two piece unit. It consists of the seal boot, plus a separate shield that is located in a groove at the top of the seal boot. NOTE: The seal boot should only be replaced if damaged during vehicle service. The entire lower control arm should be replaced if the joint has been contaminated.

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 11

LOWER BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT (Continued)

REMOVAL REMOVAL - BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT (1) Remove steering knuckle from vehicle. (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE REMOVAL) (2) Using a screw driver or other suitable tool, pry the seal boot off of the ball joint (Fig. 17)

Fig. 18 Ball Joint Seal Boot Installed Position (Typical) 1 2 3 4

Fig. 17 Ball Joint Seal Boot Removal (Typical) 1 2 3 4 5

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT STUD SEAL BOOT SCREW DRIVER BALL JOINT ASSEMBLY

(3) Inspect the ball joint for evidence of dirt or water intrusion and wipe clean as necessary. If dirt or water intrusion is extreme and joint cannot be properly cleaned, the lower control arm will need to be replaced. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/ LOWER CONTROL ARM - REMOVAL)

BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT BALL JOINT STUD LOWER CONTROL ARM SHIELD

CAUTION: Do not use an arbor press to install the sealing boot on the ball joint. Damage to the sealing boot will occur if excessive pressure is applied to the sealing boot when it is being installed. (3) Place Installer, Special Tool 6758, over seal boot and squarely align it with bottom edge of seal boot (Fig. 19). Apply hand pressure (or gently tap with a hammer) to Special Tool 6758 until seal boot is pressed squarely against top surface of lower control arm.

REMOVAL - EXPORT (1) Remove steering knuckle from vehicle. (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE REMOVAL) (2) Remove shield from seal boot by gently pulling on it. (3) Using a screw driver or other suitable tool, pry seal boot off lower ball joint.

INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT (1) Place a liberal dab of Mopart Wheel Bearing Grease around the base of the ball joint stem at the socket. (2) Install a NEW seal boot by hand as far as possible on the ball joint. Installation of the seal boot is to be with the shield positioned as shown (Fig. 18).

Fig. 19 Installing Ball Joint Seal Boot 1 2 3 4

SHIELD SPECIAL TOOL 6758 LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT

2 - 12

FRONT SUSPENSION

LOWER BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT (Continued) (4) Wipe any grease off the ball joint stem using a clean shop towel with Mopart Brake Parts Cleaner applied to it.

CAUTION: Do not attempt to install a normal grease zirc in the ball joint and lubricate the joint through the zirc fitting.

CAUTION: Do not attempt to install a normal grease zirc in the ball joint an lubricate the joint through the zirc fitting.

(6) Reinstall steering knuckle on vehicle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE - INSTALLATION)

(5) Reinstall steering knuckle on vehicle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE - INSTALLATION)

LOWER CONTROL ARM

INSTALLATION - EXPORT (1) Place a liberal dab of Mopart Wheel Bearing Grease around the base of the ball joint stem at the socket. (2) Install a NEW seal boot by hand as far as possible on the ball joint. CAUTION: Do not use an arbor press to install the sealing boot on the ball joint. Damage to the sealing boot will occur if excessive pressure is applied to the sealing boot when it is being installed. (3) Place Installer, Special Tool 6758, over seal boot and squarely align it with bottom edge of seal boot (Fig. 20). Apply hand pressure to Special Tool 6758 until seal boot is pressed squarely against top surface of lower control arm.

DESCRIPTION The lower control arm is mounted to the front suspension crossmember using a pivot bolt through the center of the front pivot bushing, and the front suspension cradle crossmember reinforcement traps the rear bushing in the crossmember (Fig. 1). The lower control arm is an iron casting with two rubber bushings and a ball joint. The lower control arm front bushing is the spool type and is pressed into the lower control arm. The standard (Low-line) lower control arm rear bushing is a push-on bushing that is pushed over a stem on the rear of the lower control arm. The optional (High-line, Premium, Sport) lower control arm rear bushing is a hydrobushing that is pressed on. It has liquid filled voids that provide more effective dampening than the standard bushing. Vehicles with rear hydro-bushings utilize a different lower control arm than vehicles with standard bushings. They have a straight slightly tapered round stem where the hydro-bushing is mounted whereas the standard arm has a straight stem with a squared knob on the end to retain the bushing. The lower control arm ball joint is pressed into the outer end of the arm. The ball joint has a tapered stud and retainer nut for fastening it to the steering knuckle.

OPERATION The lower control arm supports the lower end of the steering knuckle and allows for the up and down movement of the suspension during the jounce and rebound travel. The lower control arm ball joint connects the arm to the steering knuckle.

Fig. 20 Installing Ball Joint Seal Boot (Typical) 1 2 3 4

SHIELD (NOT ON RG VEHICLE) SPECIAL TOOL 6758 LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT SEAL BOOT

(4) Wipe any grease off the ball joint stem. (5) Place the shield over the top of the seal boot and stretch it into the groove at the top of the seal boot.

REMOVAL - LOWER CONTROL ARM (1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove wheel and tire assembly. (3) Remove the steering knuckle. (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE - REMOVAL) (4) Remove the bolts fastening the power steering cooler to the front suspension cradle crossmember reinforcement (Fig. 21).

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 13

LOWER CONTROL ARM (Continued)

Fig. 21 Power Steering Cooler 1 - CRADLE CROSSMEMBER REINFORCEMENT 2 - POWER STEERING COOLER

(5) Remove the lower control arm rear bushing retainer bolts located on each side of each lower control arm rear bushing. NOTE: The bolts fastening the cradle crossmember reinforcement are of three different thread sizes. Note the location of the various sizes. (6) Remove the bolts attaching the cradle crossmember reinforcement to the front suspension cradle crossmember (Fig. 22). Remove the 2 bolts fastening the reinforcement and rear of cradle crossmember to the body of the vehicle. Remove the reinforcement. (7) Remove the pivot bolt attaching the front bushing of the lower control arm to the front suspension cradle crossmember. (8) Remove the lower control arm.

DISASSEMBLY DISASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - STANDARD) (1) Remove the lower control arm from the front suspension cradle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/ FRONT/LOWER CONTROL ARM - REMOVAL) (2) Mount the lower control arm in a vise without using excessive clamping force. (3) Using a sharp knife (such as a razor), slit the bushing lengthwise (Fig. 23) to allow its removal from the lower control arm (Fig. 23). (4) Remove the bushing from the lower control arm.

Fig. 22 Cradle Crossmember Reinforcement Attachment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

STEERING GEAR RIGHT LOWER CONTROL ARM LEFT LOWER CONTROL ARM CRADLE CROSSMEMBER REINFORCEMENT REAR CRADLE CROSSMEMBER ISOLATOR BUSHING STABILIZER BAR CRADLE CROSSMEMBER

DISASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - HYDRO) (1) Remove the lower control arm from the front suspension cradle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/ FRONT/LOWER CONTROL ARM - REMOVAL) (2) Mount the lower control arm in a vise without using excessive clamping force. (3) Install Remover, Special Tool 8460, on hydrobushing as shown (Fig. 24). Removal Pin, Special Tool 8460–3, must extend though hole in center of bushing rear. (4) Tighten forcing screw of Bridge (Special Tool 8460–1), removing bushing from lower control arm.

2 - 14

FRONT SUSPENSION

LOWER CONTROL ARM (Continued) Inspect and test the ball joint per the procedure listed in Lower Ball Joint. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/LOWER BALL JOINT - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)

ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - STANDARD) CAUTION: Do not apply grease or any other type of lubricant other than the silicone lubricant specified below to the control arm bushing.

Fig. 23 Slit Lower Control Arm Rear Bushing 1 - REAR BUSHING 2 - SLIT CUT IN BUSHING 3 - LOWER CONTROL ARM

(1) Apply Mopar Silicone Spray Lube or an equivalent, to the hole in lower control arm rear bushing. This will aid in the installation of the bushing on the lower control arm. (2) With the lower control arm held securely in a vise, install bushing on lower control arm. Install bushing by pushing and rocking the bushing until it is fully installed on lower control arm. Be sure that when bushing is installed it is past the upset on the end of the lower control arm (Fig. 25). (3) The rear bushing of the lower control arm, when correctly installed, is to be positioned on the lower control arm as shown (Fig. 25).

Fig. 24 HYDRO-BUSHING REMOVAL 1 2 3 4

REMOVAL PIN (8460-3) BRIDGE (8460-1) HYDRO-BUSHING LOWER CONTROL ARM

INSPECTION - LOWER CONTROL ARM Inspect lower control arm for signs of damage from contact with the ground or road debris. If lower control arm shows any sign of damage, inspect lower control arm for distortion. Do not attempt to repair or straighten a broken or bent lower control arm. If damaged, the lower control arm casting is serviced only as a complete component. Inspect both lower control arm isolator bushings for severe deterioration, and replace as required. Inspect the rear hydro-bushing for seepage. Both type rear bushings are serviceable. If the front bushing fails, the lower control arm must be replaced.

Fig. 25 Correctly Installed Lower Control Arm Bushing 1 2 3 4 5

ROUND SURFACE OF BUSHING LOWER CONTROL ARM LOWER CONTROL ARM REAR BUSHING UPSET FLAT SURFACE OF BUSHING

(4) Install lower control arm on vehicle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/LOWER CONTROL ARM INSTALLATION)

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 15

LOWER CONTROL ARM (Continued)

ASSEMBLY - LOWER CONTROL ARM (REAR BUSHING - HYDRO) CAUTION: Do not apply grease or any other type of lubricant to the arm stem where the bushing is to be mounted. Such action will reduce proper bushing adhesion to arm. (1) Secure lower control arm in a vise. NOTE: Hydro bushings and grooves on control arm stems are unique for right and left sides. Left side bushing master spline and control arm groove are on the top (when mounted on vehicle). Right side bushing master spline and control arm groove are on the bottom (when mounted on vehicle). (2) Align master spline on bushing inner sleeve with groove on lower control arm rear bushing stem (Fig. 26). Start bushing on stem by hand.

Fig. 27 HYDRO-BUSHING INSTALLATION 1 2 3 4

LOWER CONTROL ARM FLANGE INSTALLER CUP (8460-2) BRIDGE (8460-1) HYDRO-BUSHING

Fig. 26 BUSHING MASTER SPLINE LINED UP WITH GROOVE (RIGHT SIDE SHOWN) 1 - GROOVE 2 - HYDRO-BUSHING 3 - MASTER SPLINE

(3) Install Remover/Installer, Special Tool 8460, over bushing and lower control arm as shown (Fig. 27). Engage flange on lower control arm with tips of Bridge, Special Tool 8460–1 as shown (Fig. 27). The contoured side of Installer Cup, Special Tool 8460–2, should be fitted up against rear of the bushing. (4) Begin to tighten forcing screw. As bushing nears lower control arm flange, place Spacer Plate, Special Tool 8460–4 between flange and bushing inner sleeve, straddling the stem as shown (Fig. 28). (5) Install bushing up against Spacer Plate, tightening the bridge forcing screw with a torque wrench until approximately 50 N·m (37 ft. lbs.) torque is

Fig. 28 SPACER PLATE POSITIONED 1 2 3 4 5

SPACER PLATE (8460-4) LOWER CONTROL ARM FLANGE BRIDGE (8460-1) INSTALLER CUP (8460-2) HYDRO-BUSHING

reached. This will properly space bushing on the stem in relation to the flange. (6) Back off the forcing screw and remove tool. (7) Install lower control arm on vehicle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/LOWER CONTROL ARM INSTALLATION)

INSTALLATION - LOWER CONTROL ARM (1) Position lower control arm assembly into front suspension cradle crossmember guiding bushings into mounting position (Fig. 22).

2 - 16

FRONT SUSPENSION

LOWER CONTROL ARM (Continued) (2) Install NEW pivot bolt attaching front bushing of lower control arm to front suspension cradle crossmember (Fig. 29). Do not tighten or torque pivot bolt at this time.

Fig. 30 Jack Stands Supporting Vehicle Weight

Fig. 29 Lower Control Arm Bushing Pivot Bolt Correctly Installed 1 - PIVOT BOLT 2 - LOWER CONTROL ARM 3 - FRONT SUSPENSION CRADLE CROSSMEMBER

(3) Install the reinforcement on the front suspension cradle crossmember and install the bolts attaching the reinforcement to the cradle crossmember (Fig. 22). Tighten the M-14 size bolts to a torque of 153 N·m (113 ft. lbs.). Tighten the M-12 size bolts to a torque of 106 N·m (78 ft. lbs.). (4) Install the lower control arm rear bushing retainer bolts through reinforcement on each side of each lower control arm rear bushing. Tighten these M-10 size bolts to a torque of 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.). (5) Install the two bolts and bushings attaching the reinforcement and rear of cradle crossmember to body of vehicle (Fig. 22). Tighten bolts to a torque of 163 N·m (120 ft. lbs.). (6) Install the power steering cooler (Fig. 21). Tighten bolts to a torque of 11 N·m (100 in. lbs.). (7) Reinstall steering knuckle, brake rotor and caliper. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/KNUCKLE - INSTALLATION) CAUTION: When locating jack stands under lower control arms, do not place the jack stands under the ball joints (Fig. 30). (8) Position jack stands under the lower control arms as close to the ball joints as possible (Fig. 30). Lower the vehicle onto the jack stands until the jack stands are supporting the total weight of the vehicle. (9) Tighten front lower control arm pivot bolt to a torque of 183 N·m (135 ft. lbs.).

1 2 3 4

LOWER CONTROL ARMS BALL JOINT JACK STANDS BALL JOINT

(10) Install the wheel and tire assembly. Install and tighten the wheel mounting stud nuts in proper sequence until all nuts are torqued to half specification. Then repeat the tightening sequence to the full specified torque of 135 N·m (100 ft. lbs.). (11) Raise vehicle, remove jack stands and lower vehicle to the ground. (12) Perform front wheel alignment as necessary. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT STANDARD PROCEDURE)

STABILIZER BAR DESCRIPTION The stabilizer bar interconnects both front struts of the vehicle and is attached to the front crossmember (Fig. 1) . Attachment of the stabilizer bar to the front crossmember is through 2 rubber-isolator cushion bushings and retainers. A double ball jointed stabilizer bar link is used to attach each end of the stabilizer bar to the front strut assemblies. All parts of the stabilizer bar are replaceable as individual components. The stabilizer bar to front crossmember cushion bushings are split for easy removal and installation. The split in the bushings should be positioned toward the rear of the vehicle, with the square corner facing down, when the stabilizer bar is installed.

OPERATION Jounce and rebound movements affecting one wheel are partially transmitted to the opposite wheel of the vehicle through the stabilizer bar. This helps

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 17

STABILIZER BAR (Continued) to minimize the body roll of the vehicle during suspension movement. Connecting the stabilizer bar links to the strut assemblies helps reduce the fore-and-aft rate of the stabilizer bar from the rest of the front suspension.

REMOVAL (1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove the bolts fastening the power steering cooler to the front suspension cradle crossmember reinforcement (Fig. 31).

Fig. 32 Cradle Crossmember Reinforcement Attachment

Fig. 31 Power Steering Cooler 1 - CRADLE CROSSMEMBER REINFORCEMENT 2 - POWER STEERING COOLER

(3) Remove the lower control arm rear bushing retainer bolts located on each side of each lower control arm rear bushing. NOTE: The bolts fastening the cradle crossmember reinforcement are of two different thread sizes. Note the location of the various sizes. (4) Remove the bolts attaching the cradle crossmember reinforcement to the front suspension cradle crossmember (Fig. 32). Remove the 2 bolts fastening the reinforcement and rear of cradle crossmember to the body of the vehicle. Remove the reinforcement. CAUTION: When removing the nut from the stud of the stabilizer bar link, do not allow the stud to rotate in it’s socket. Hold the stud from rotating by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the stud (Fig. 33).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

STEERING GEAR RIGHT LOWER CONTROL ARM LEFT LOWER CONTROL ARM CRADLE CROSSMEMBER REINFORCEMENT REAR CRADLE CROSSMEMBER ISOLATOR BUSHING STABILIZER BAR CRADLE CROSSMEMBER

(5) Remove the stabilizer bar links from each end of the stabilizer bar (Fig. 33). To do so, place an openend wrench on the flat machined into the link’s mounting stud, then remove the nut while holding the wrench in place. Push each stud out of the hole in the stabilizer bar. (6) Remove the stabilizer bar bushing (cushion) retainers from the front suspension cradle crossmember (Fig. 34). (7) Remove the stabilizer bar and bushings (cushions) as an assembly from the front suspension cradle crossmember.

INSPECTION Inspect for broken or distorted stabilizer bar bushings (cushions), bushing retainers, and worn or damaged stabilizer bar links.

2 - 18

FRONT SUSPENSION

STABILIZER BAR (Continued) (1) If the stabilizer bar to front suspension cradle bushings require replacement at time of inspection, install new bushings before installing stabilizer bar. Bushings are replaced by opening slit on bushings and peeling them off stabilizer bar. Install new bushings on stabilizer bar by spreading bushing at slit and forcing them on the stabilizer bar. Bushings must be installed on stabilizer bar so slit in bushing will be facing toward the rear of vehicle with the square corner toward the ground, when the stabilizer bar is installed on the vehicle (Fig. 35).

Fig. 33 Stabilizer Bar Link To Stabilizer Bar Attachment 1 2 3 4 5 6

RATCHET WRENCH STRUT STABILIZER BAR LINK NUT STABILIZER BAR

Fig. 35 Correctly Installed Stabilizer Bar To Cradle Bushing 1 - SWAY BAR ISOLATOR BUSHING 2 - SLIT IN SWAY BAR BUSHING 3 - SWAY BAR

Fig. 34 Front Stabilizer Bar Retainers 1 2 3 4 5

STEERING GEAR STABILIZER BAR RAISED BEAD FRONT CRADLE CROSSMEMBER RETAINERS

INSTALLATION NOTE: Two different diameter stabilizer bars are available for this vehicle. Therefore, two different size bushings/cushions are also used. Use the correct bushing/cushion on the correct stabilizer bar.

(2) Position stabilizer bar into front suspension cradle so stabilizer bar bushings are aligned with depressions in cradle. Install stabilizer bar bushing retainers onto crossmember aligning raised bead on retainer with cutouts in bushings (Fig. 36). Do not tighten Stabilizer bar bushing retainers bolts at this time. (3) Check position of the stabilizer bar in the front suspension cradle. The center of the curved section of the stabilizer bar must be aligned with the raised line in the center of the front suspension cradle (Fig. 37). (4) Install the stabilizer bar link mounting stud through the hole in each end of the stabilizer bar (Fig. 33). CAUTION: When installing the nut on the mounting stud of the stabilizer bar link, do not allow the stud to rotate in itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s socket. Hold the stud from rotating by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the stud (Fig. 33).

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 19

STABILIZER BAR (Continued)

Fig. 36 Stabilizer Bar Bushing Retainer Installation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

SWAY BAR SWAY BAR BUSHING BUSHING SPLIT FRONT SUSPENSION CRADLE BUSHING CUT-OUT BUSHING RETAINER RAISED BEAD

(6) Tighten the stabilizer bar bushing retainer to cradle attaching bolts (Fig. 34) to 68 N·m (50 ft. lbs.) torque. (7) Install the reinforcement on the front suspension cradle crossmember and install the bolts attaching the reinforcement to the cradle crossmember (Fig. 32). Tighten the M-14 size bolts to a torque of 153 N·m (113 ft. lbs.). Tighten the M-12 size bolts to a torque of 106 N·m (78 ft. lbs.). (8) Install the lower control arm rear bushing retainer bolts through reinforcement on each side of each lower control arm rear bushing. Tighten these M-10 size bolts to a torque of 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.). (9) Install the two bolts and bushings attaching the reinforcement and rear of cradle crossmember to body of vehicle (Fig. 32). Tighten bolts to a torque of 163 N·m (120 ft. lbs.). (10) Install the power steering cooler (Fig. 31). Tighten bolts to a torque of 11 N·m (100 in. lbs.). (11) Lower the vehicle.

STRUT DESCRIPTION - STRUT ASSEMBLY

Fig. 37 Stabilizer Bar Correctly Positioned In Cradle 1 - RAISED BEAD 2 - SWAY BAR 3 - WHEN INSTALLING SWAY BAR THE RAISED BEAD ON THE SUSPENSION CRADLE MUST BE IN THE CENTER OF RADIUS IN SWAY BAR 4 - FRONT SUSPENSION CRADLE

(5) Hand-thread the nut on the end of each stabilizer bar link stud. Hold the studs from turning by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the link’s mounting stud, then tighten each nut while holding the wrench in place (Fig. 33). Tighten each nut to a torque of 88 N·m (65 ft. lbs.).

A Macpherson type strut assembly is used in place of a conventional front suspension’s upper control arm and upper ball joint. The bottom of the strut mounts directly to the steering knuckle using two bolts and nuts going through the strut clevis bracket and steering knuckle. The top of the strut mounts directly to the strut tower of the vehicle using the threaded studs on the strut assemblies upper mount. The strut assembly includes the components listed in the figure (Fig. 38). Each component is serviced by removing the strut assembly from the vehicle and disassembling it. The coil springs are side-oriented. Springs on the left side of the vehicle have a left-hand wind top-tobottom while springs on the right side have a righthand wind top-to-bottom. This helps provide better vehicle stability during jounce and rebound maneuvers of the front suspension. Left and right springs must not be interchanged. Coil springs are rated separately for each corner or side of the vehicle depending on optional equipment and type of vehicle service. If the coil springs require replacement, be sure that the springs are replaced with springs meeting the correct load rating and spring rate for the vehicle and its specific options.

OPERATION - STRUT ASSEMBLY The strut assembly cushions the ride of the vehicle, controlling vibration, along with jounce and rebound of the suspension.

2 - 20

FRONT SUSPENSION

STRUT (Continued)

Fig. 38 STRUT ASSEMBLY 1 2 3 4 5

NUT UPPER MOUNT PIVOT BEARING UPPER SPRING SEAT UPPER SPRING ISOLATOR

The coil spring controls ride quality and maintains proper ride height. The spring isolators isolate the coil spring at the top and bottom from coming into metal-to-metal contact with the upper seat and strut. The jounce bumper limits suspension travel and metal-to-metal contact under full jounce condition. The strut dampens jounce and rebound motions of the coil spring and suspension. During steering maneuvers, the strut assembly (through a pivot bearing in the upper strut mount) and steering knuckle (through the lower ball joint) turn as an assembly.

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - STRUT ASSEMBLY (1) Inspect for damaged or broken coil springs (Fig. 38). (2) Inspect for torn or damaged strut assembly dust boots (Fig. 38). (3) Inspect the coil spring isolator on the lower spring seat for any signs of damage or deterioration. (4) Lift dust boot (Fig. 39) and inspect strut assembly for evidence of fluid running from the upper end of fluid reservoir. (Actual leakage will be a

6 - COIL SPRING 7 - DUST SHIELD 8 - JOUNCE BUMPER 9 - LOWER SPRING ISOLATOR 10 - STRUT (DAMPER)

stream of fluid running down the side and dripping off lower end of unit). A slight amount of seepage between the strut rod and strut shaft seal is not unusual and does not affect performance of the strut assembly (Fig. 39). Also inspect jounce bumpers for signs of damage or deterioration.

REMOVAL - STRUT ASSEMBLY WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE THE NUT FROM THE STRUT ROD WHILE STRUT ASSEMBLY IS INSTALLED IN VEHICLE, OR BEFORE STRUT ASSEMBLY SPRING IS COMPRESSED. (1) Raise the vehicle. See Hoisting in Lubrication and Maintenance. (2) Remove the wheel and tire assembly from location on front of vehicle requiring strut removal. (3) If both strut assemblies are to be removed, mark the strut assemblies right or left according to which side of the vehicle they were removed from. (4) Remove the hydraulic brake hose routing bracket and the speed sensor cable routing bracket from the strut damper brackets (Fig. 40).

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 21

STRUT (Continued) open-end wrench on the flat machined into the link’s mounting stud, then remove the nut while holding the wrench in place. Push the stud out of the bracket.

Fig. 39 Strut Assembly Leakage Inspection (Typical) 1 - DUST BOOT 2 - STRUT SHAFT 3 - STRUT FLUID RESERVOIR 4 - INSPECT THIS AREA FOR EVIDENCE OF EXCESSIVE FLUID LEAKAGE

Fig. 41 Stabilizer Bar Link To Strut Attachment 1 - NUT 2 - STRUT 3 - STABILIZER BAR LINK

CAUTION: The steering knuckle to strut assembly attaching bolts are serrated and must not be turned during removal. Remove nuts while holding bolts stationary in the steering knuckles. (6) Remove the 2 strut assembly clevis bracket to steering knuckle attaching bolts (Fig. 42).

Fig. 40 Brake Hose And Speed Sensor Cable Routing 1 2 3 4 5 6

- STRUT DAMPER - WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CABLE - ROUTING BRACKET - HYDRAULIC BRAKE HOSE - ATTACHING BOLT - ROUTING BRACKET

CAUTION: When removing the nut from the stud of the stabilizer bar link, do not allow the stud to rotate in it’s socket. Hold the stud from rotating by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the stud (Fig. 41). (5) Remove the stabilizer bar link from the bracket on the strut assembly (Fig. 41). To do so, place an

Fig. 42 Strut Damper Attachment To Steering Knuckle 1 2 3 4 5

- STRUT CLEVIS BRACKET - ATTACHING BOLTS - TIE ROD END - ROTOR - STEERING KNUCKLE

2 - 22

FRONT SUSPENSION

STRUT (Continued) (7) Remove the 3 nuts attaching the strut assembly upper mount to the strut tower (Fig. 43) and remove the strut assembly from the vehicle.

end of the coil spring, so the strut is held in place once the strut shaft nut is removed.

Fig. 43 Strut Assembly To Strut Tower Attaching Nuts (Typical) 1 2 3 4

WINDSHIELD WIPER MODULE STRUT TOWER STRUT MOUNT ATTACHING BOLTS UPPER STRUT MOUNT

(8) To disassemble the strut assembly, (Refer to 2 SUSPENSION/FRONT/STRUT - DISASSEMBLY).

DISASSEMBLY - STRUT ASSEMBLY The strut assembly must be removed from the vehicle for it to be disassembled and assembled. For the disassembly and assembly of the strut assembly, use of Strut Spring Compressor, Pentastar Service Equipment (PSE) tool W-7200, or the equivalent, is recommended to compress the coil spring. Follow the manufacturerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s instructions closely. WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE THE STRUT SHAFT NUT BEFORE THE COIL SPRING IS COMPRESSED. THE COIL SPRING IS HELD UNDER PRESSURE AND MUST BE COMPRESSED, REMOVING SPRING TENSION FROM THE UPPER MOUNT AND PIVOT BEARING, BEFORE THE SHAFT NUT IS REMOVED. (1) Position the strut assembly in the strut coil spring compressor following the manufacturers instructions. Position the lower hooks on the coil spring first. The strut clevis bracket should be positioned straight outward from the compressor. (2) Turn the upper mount of the strut assembly toward the inside of the compressor as shown to allow positioning of the compressor upper hooks (Fig. 44). Position the upper hooks on top of the coil spring upper seat approximately 1 inch from outside diameter of seat (Fig. 47). Do not allow hooks to be placed closer to edge. Place a clamp on the lower

Fig. 44 Mount Rotated And Hooks Positioned 1 - UPPER MOUNT TURNED TOWARD COMPRESSOR 2 - COMPRESSOR UPPER HOOKS 3 - UPPER SPRING SEAT

(3) Compress the coil spring until all coil spring tension is removed from the upper mount. (4) Install Strut Nut Socket, Special Tool 6864, on the strut shaft retaining nut (Fig. 45). Next, install a 10 mm socket on the hex on the end of the strut shaft. While holding the strut shaft from turning, remove the nut from the strut shaft. (5) Remove the upper mount from the strut shaft. (6) If the pivot bearing needs to be serviced, remove it from the top of the coil spring upper seat by pulling it straight up. (7) Remove the clamp from the bottom of the coil spring and remove the strut out through the bottom of the coil spring. NOTE: If the coil spring or upper spring seat needs to be serviced, proceed with the next step, otherwise, proceed with step 10. (8) Release the tension from the coil spring by backing off the compressor drive fully. Push back the compressor upper hooks and remove the upper spring seat with upper spring isolator. (9) Remove the coil spring from the spring compressor. (10) Remove the dust shield and jounce bumper as an assembly from the strut shaft by pulling both straight up and off the strut shaft. The dust shield cannot be separated from the jounce bumper until after it is removed from strut shaft.

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 23

STRUT (Continued) NOTE: Coil Springs on this vehicle are side-oriented. Springs on the left side of the vehicle have a left-hand wind top-to-bottom while springs on the right side have a right-hand wind top-to-bottom. Left and right springs must not be interchanged. NOTE: If the coil spring has been removed from the spring compressor, proceed with the next step, otherwise, proceed with step 5.

Fig. 45 Retaining Nut Removal/Installation (Typical)

(1) Place the coil spring in the compressor lower hooks following the manufacturers instructions. Proper orientation of the spring to the strut (once installed) is necessary. Consider the following when placing the coil spring in the compressor: From above, the compressor back is at the 12 o’clock position, and you, standing in the front of the machine, are at the 6 o’clock position. Place the lower coil spring end at the 6 o’clock position for both left and right springs. (Fig. 46).

1 - UPPER MOUNT 2 - SPECIAL TOOL 6864

(11) Remove the jounce bumper from the dust shield. The jounce bumper is removed from the dust shield by collapsing the dust shield until the jounce bumper can be pulled free from the dust boot. (12) Remove the spring isolator from the lower spring seat on the strut (Fig. 38). (13) Inspect the strut assembly components (Fig. 38) for the following and replace as necessary: • Inspect the strut for any condition of shaft binding over the full stroke of the shaft. • Check the upper mount for cracks and distortion and its retaining studs for any sign of damage. • Check the upper seat for stress cracks and wear. • Check the upper spring isolator for severe deterioration. • Check for binding of the strut assembly pivot bearing. • Inspect the dust shield for rips and deterioration. • Inspect the jounce bumper for cracks and signs of deterioration.

ASSEMBLY - STRUT ASSEMBLY For the disassembly and assembly of the strut assembly, use of Strut Spring Compressor, Pentastar Service Equipment (PSE) tool W-7200, or the equivalent, is recommended to compress the coil spring. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions closely.

Fig. 46 Spring Positioned In Compressor (Right Spring Shown) 1 - COMPRESSOR LOWER HOOKS 2 - COIL SPRING END

(2) Install the upper seat and upper isolator on top of the coil spring. Position the notch in the perimeter of the upper seat toward the front of the compressor (same 6 o’clock position as in step 1). (3) Position the upper hooks on top of the coil spring upper seat so the upper hooks span approximately 1 inch past outside diameter of upper seat (Fig. 47). This will allow proper clearance for upper mount installation without pinching the hooks in-between the two pieces. Do not allow hooks to be placed closer to edge. (4) Compress the coil spring far enough to allow strut installation.

2 - 24

FRONT SUSPENSION

STRUT (Continued) slot on the jounce bumper. The jounce bumper will be at the top of the inner dust boot. Return the dust shield to its fully extended length. (9) Install the strut through the bottom of the coil spring until the lower spring seat contacts the lower end of the coil spring. The clevis bracket on the strut should point straight outward away from the compressor (to the 6 o’clock position). This position should be within 5° of the lower end tip of the coil spring (Fig. 49). If necessary, reposition the strut or coil spring in the compressor so both of these line up straight outward away from the compressor (to the 6 o’clock position). Install the clamp to hold the strut and coil together.

Fig. 47 Hook Placement On Upper Seat 1 - HOOKS POSITIONED 1 INCH FROM EDGE 2 - PIVOT BEARING AND UPPER SEAT

(5) If the pivot bearing has been removed from the upper seat, install the pivot bearing on the top of the upper spring seat (Fig. 48). The bearing must be installed on upper seat with the smaller diameter side of the pivot bearing toward the spring seat. Be sure the pivot bearing is sitting flat on the spring seat once mounted.

Fig. 49 Coil Spring Positioning 1 2 3 4 5

Fig. 48 Pivot Bearing Installation 1 - PIVOT BEARING 2 - UPPER SEAT

(6) Install the spring isolator on the lower spring seat of the strut (Fig. 38). (7) Install the jounce bumper on the strut shaft (Fig. 38). The jounce bumper is to be installed with the small end pointing downward. (8) Install the dust shield on the strut. Collapse and stretch the dust shield down over the top of the jounce bumper until the dust shield snaps into the

FRONT OF VEHICLE END OF RIGHT COIL SPRING AT STRUT LOWER SEAT LOWER SEATS OF STRUTS STRUT CLEVIS BRACKETS END OF LEFT COIL SPRING AT STRUT LOWER SEAT

(10) Install the strut mount over the strut shaft and onto the top of the pivot bearing and upper seat as shown (Fig. 44). Loosely install the retaining nut on the strut shaft. (11) Install Strut Nut Socket (on the end of a torque wrench), Special Tool 6864, on the strut shaft retaining nut (Fig. 45). Next, install a 10 mm socket on the hex on the end of the strut shaft. While holding the strut shaft from turning, tighten the strut shaft retaining nut to a torque of 100 N·m (75 ft. lbs.). NOTE: Before releasing the tension the compressor has on the spring, using the following figure as reference (Fig. 50), make sure the upper spring seat, coil spring and strut clevis bracket are all lined up properly (within 5° of one another).

FRONT SUSPENSION

2 - 25

STRUT (Continued) 43). Then using a crow foot. tighten the 3 attaching nuts to a torque of 28 N·m (250 in. lbs.). CAUTION: The steering knuckle to strut assembly attaching bolts are serrated and must not be turned during installation. Install nuts while holding bolts stationary in the steering knuckles. NOTE: The strut clevis-to-steering knuckle bolts are installed differently on each side of the vehicle. Left hand side bolts are to be installed from vehicle rear to front. Right side bolts are to be installed from vehicle front to rear.

Fig. 50 Components Lined Up 1 2 3 4

IMAGINARY VERTICAL LINE CLEVIS BRACKET END OF COIL SPRING NOTCH IN UPPER SPRING SEAT

(12) Slowly release the tension from the coil spring by backing off the compressor drive fully. As the tension is relieved, make sure the upper mount, pivot bearing and upper seat are align properly. Remove the clamp from the lower end of the coil spring and strut. Push back the spring compressor upper and lower hooks, then remove the strut assembly from the spring compressor. (13) Install strut assembly on the vehicle. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/STRUT - INSTALLATION)

INSTALLATION - STRUT ASSEMBLY CAUTION: Front strut coil springs are side-oriented. When installing a strut assembly, make sure the strut being installed has the correct coil spring for that side of the vehicle. Springs on the left side of the vehicle have a left-hand wind top-to-bottom while springs on the right side have a right-hand wind top-to-bottom (Fig. 49). Do not interchange the two sides. (1) Install strut assembly into strut tower, aligning and installing the 3 studs on the upper strut mount into the holes in shock tower. Install the 3 upper strut mount attaching nut/washer assemblies (Fig.

(2) Align strut assembly with steering knuckle. Position arm of steering knuckle into strut assembly clevis bracket. Align the strut assembly clevis bracket mounting holes with the steering knuckle mounting holes. Install the 2 strut assembly to steering knuckle attaching bolts (Fig. 42). If strut assembly is attached to steering knuckle using a cam bolt, the cam bolt must be installed in the lower slotted hole on strut clevis bracket. Tighten the strut clevis-to-steering knuckle attaching bolts to a torque of 81 N·m (60 ft. lbs.) plus an additional 1/4 (90°) turn after specified torque is met. (3) Install the stabilizer bar link mounting stud through the bracket on the strut assembly (Fig. 41). CAUTION: When installing the nut on the mounting stud of the stabilizer bar link, do not allow the stud to rotate in it’s socket. Hold the stud from rotating by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the stud (Fig. 41). (4) Hand thread the nut on the end of the stabilizer bar link stud. Hold the stud from turning by placing an open-end wrench on the flat machined into the link’s mounting stud, then tighten the nut while holding the wrench in place (Fig. 41). Tighten the nut to a torque of 88 N·m (65 ft. lbs.). (5) Install the hydraulic brake hose and speed sensor cable routing brackets on the strut assembly brackets (Fig. 40). Tighten the routing bracket attaching bolts to a torque of 13 N·m (10 ft. lbs.). (6) Install the wheel/tire assembly on the vehicle. (7) Install and tighten the wheel mounting stud nuts in proper sequence until all nuts are torqued to half specification. Then repeat the tightening sequence to the full specified torque of 135 N·m (100 ft. lbs.).

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REAR SUSPENSION

REAR SUSPENSION TABLE OF CONTENTS page REAR SUSPENSION DESCRIPTION - REAR SUSPENSION ..... OPERATION - REAR SUSPENSION . . . . . . . SPECIFICATIONS REAR SUSPENSION FASTENER TORQUE SPECIAL TOOLS REAR SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BUSHINGS REMOVAL - LEAF SPRING FRONT BUSHING INSTALLATION - LEAF SPRING FRONT BUSHING ......................... HUB / BEARING DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HUB AND BEARING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JOUNCE BUMPER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL REMOVAL - AWD AND HEAVY DUTY .... REMOVAL - FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE ..... INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - AWD AND HEAVY DUTY . INSTALLATION - FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE . . SHOCK ABSORBER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - SHOCK ABSORBER . . . . . . . . . DISASSEMBLY - SHOCK ABSORBER (UPPER BUSHING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . 26 . . 27 . . 28 . . 28 . 29 . . 29 . . 30 . . 31 . . 31 . . 31 . . 33 . . 36 . . 36 . . 36 . . 36 . . 36 . . 36 . . 37 . . 37 . . 37 . . 37

REAR SUSPENSION DESCRIPTION - REAR SUSPENSION The rear suspension design on this vehicle uses leaf springs, and a tube and casting axle (Fig. 1) (Fig. 2). The leaf springs used on the rear suspension of this vehicle are of either a mono-leaf or multi-leaf design. There are 2 different rear suspension designs available: • Front-Wheel-Drive • All-Wheel-Drive The rear axle used on Front-Wheel-Drive applications of this vehicle is mounted to the rear leaf

page ASSEMBLY - SHOCK ABSORBER (UPPER BUSHING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - SHOCK ABSORBER . . . SPRING - AWD DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - AWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - AWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPRING - FWD DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - FWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - FWD .............. SPRING MOUNTS - FRONT REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPRING MOUNTS - REAR REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STABILIZER BAR DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL REMOVAL - AWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL - FWD ................ INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - AWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION - FWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRACK BAR DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . 38 . . . . . 38 . . . .

. . . .

. 38 . 38 . 38 . 39

. . . .

. 40 . 40 . 40 . 41

. . . . . 42 . . . . . 43 . . . . . 43 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 45 . . . .

. . . .

. 45 . 45 . 45 . 45

springs using isolator bushings at the axle mounting brackets. The rear axle used on All-Wheel-Drive applications of this vehicle is also mounted to the rear leaf springs, but does not use isolator bushings between the rear axle and the leaf springs. Each side of the rear suspension consists of these major components: • Leaf spring • Jounce bumper • Shock absorber • Hub and bearing • Track bar (one per suspension) • Stabilizer bar (one per suspension)

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 27

REAR SUSPENSION (Continued)

Fig. 1 Front-Wheel-Drive Rear Suspension 1 2 3 4 5 6

SHACKLE REAR MOUNT (HANGER) TRACK BAR SPRING PLATE ISOLATOR FRONT MOUNT (HANGER)

7 - LEAF SPRING (MONO-LEAF) 8 - ISOLATOR 9 - FWD REAR AXLE 10 - STABILIZER BAR LINKS 11 - STABILIZER BAR

OPERATION - REAR SUSPENSION This rear suspension is designed to handle the various load requirements of the vehicle yet allow for a comfortable ride. The rear wheel bearings used are similar to the bearings used in the front suspension. A hub and bearing assembly is used.

Fig. 2 All-Wheel-Drive Rear Suspension 1 2 3 4

- SHACKLE - REAR MOUNT (HANGER) - LEAF SPRING (MULTI-LEAF) - AWD REAR AXLE

2 - 28

REAR SUSPENSION

REAR SUSPENSION (Continued)

SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIAL TOOLS

REAR SUSPENSION FASTENER TORQUE

REAR SUSPENSION

N·m

Ft. Lbs.

In. Lbs.

Hub And Bearing Mounting Bolts

129

—

Hub And Bearing Axle Hub Nut

244

180

—

Jounce Bumper Mounting Bolt

290

Leaf Spring Front Mount-ToBody Bolts

—

Leaf Spring Front Pivot Bolt

156

115

—

Leaf Spring Plate-To-Axle Bolts

—

Leaf Spring Rear Mount-ToBody Bolts

—

Leaf Spring Shackle Plate Nuts

—

Shock Absorber Mounting Bolts

—

Stabilizer Bar Bushing Retainer Bolts

—

Stabilizer Bar Link Nuts

—

Stabilizer Bar Link Frame Bracket Mounting Bolts

—

Track Bar Bracket-To-Body Mount Bolts

—

Track Bar Pivot Bolts

—

Wheel Mounting (Lug) Nut

135

100

—

DESCRIPTION

Remover, Hub/Bearing 8458

Remover/Installer, Bushing 8459

Remover/Installer, Bushing 8526

Press, Ball Joint C-4212F

REAR SUSPENSION

BUSHINGS REMOVAL - LEAF SPRING FRONT BUSHING (1) Raise vehicle on frame-contact hoist as follows: (a) Position the hoist arm supporting the corner of the vehicle to be serviced against a block of wood placed on the body sill as shown (Fig. 3). (b) Position the remaining hoist arms at each corner of the vehicle in the normal fashion. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (c) Raise the vehicle to a comfortable working level.

2 - 29

it enough to allow access to spring pivot bolt. It may be necessary to place a wooden block between the spring and vehicle to hold forward end of the spring in place. (6) Remove leaf spring forward pivot bolt, then remove mounting bracket. (7) Straighten the retainer tabs on the bushing (Fig. 4).

Fig. 4 STRAIGHTENED RETAINING TABS 1 - SPRING EYE 2 - RETAINING TABS

Fig. 3 LIFTING POINT AND SPRING MOUNT 1 2 3 4 5 6

BODY SILL AREA MOUNTING BOLTS SPRING MOUNTING BRACKET LEAF SPRING HOIST LIFT ARM WOODEN BLOCK

(2) Position an under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack under rear axle toward the side needing bushing replacement. Jack pad should just contact axle. (3) Remove shock absorber lower mounting bolt. NOTE: If shock absorber bolt deflects upward during removal, raise axle by adjusting support jack. If shock absorber bolt deflects downward during removal, lower axle by adjusting support jack (or by pulling on axle). (4) Remove four bolts securing leaf spring front mounting bracket to the body (Fig. 3). (5) Using jack, slowly lower rear axle, permitting the forward end of rear spring to hang down. Lower

(8) Place Remover/Installer, Special Tool 8459 on leaf spring and bushing as shown (Fig. 5) and tighten Set Screw securing Remover Plate to tool threaded shaft. (9) Tighten nut (Fig. 5), removing bushing from spring eye. (10) Remove the tool from spring, then remove bushing from tool.

INSTALLATION - LEAF SPRING FRONT BUSHING (1) Install by hand NEW bushing in left side of leaf spring eye. (2) Place Remover/Installer, Special Tool 8459 on leaf spring and bushing as shown (Fig. 6) and tighten Set Screw securing Installer Plate (8459â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3) to tool threaded shaft. (3) Tighten nut (Fig. 6), installing bushing in spring eye. Tighten nut until there is approximately a 1 mm gap between the bushing flange and the spring eye. Do not bottom the flange against the spring eye. (4) Remove Remover/Installer from the bushing and leaf spring. (5) Bend the retainer tabs on bushing outward against spring eye.

2 - 30

REAR SUSPENSION

BUSHINGS (Continued)

Fig. 5 TOOL 8459 MOUNTED FOR BUSHING REMOVAL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BUSHING BEARING WASHER NUT BODY (8459-1) PIN REMOVER PLATE (8459-2) SET SCREW

Fig. 6 TOOL 8459 MOUNTED FOR BUSHING INSTALLATION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

NUT WASHER BEARING LEAF SPRING EYE BUSHING INSTALLER PLATE (8459-3) PIN BODY (8459-1)

(6) Position spring mounting bracket over spring eye and install pivot bolt through center of bushing from the outboard side.

(12) Tighten the lower shock absorber mounting bolt to 88 N·m (65 ft. lbs.) torque.

NOTE: The pivot bolt must be installed from the outboard side to allow proper bracket to body mounting.

HUB / BEARING

(7) Install the nut on the pivot bolt and lightly tighten. Do not fully tighten bolt at this time. (8) Raise the under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack, guiding the forward mounting bracket into place against the body. It may help to use a drift punch placed through the hole centered between the mounting bolt holes in the bracket and the pilot hole in the body of the vehicle as a guide. When the four mounting bolt holes line up with their threads in the body, Install the mounting bolts (Fig. 3). Tighten the four mounting bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (9) Raise or lower the jack until shock absorber lower eye aligns with threads in axle housing. Install shock absorber lower mounting bolt. Do not fully tighten bolt at this time. (10) Lower the vehicle and remove hoist arms and block of wood from under vehicle. (11) Tighten the spring front pivot bolt to 156 N·m (115 ft. lbs.) torque.

DESCRIPTION The rear wheel bearing and rear wheel hub of this vehicle are a one-piece sealed unit, or hub and bearing unit type assembly (Unit III). The hub and bearing is mounted to the center of the rear axle using 4 mounting bolts. It has five wheel mounting studs on the hub flange. All-Wheel-Drive vehicles have a hub and bearing unit with a splined hole in the center of the hub for rear driveshaft stub axle acceptance. Front-Wheel-Drive vehicles with antilock brakes have an internally mounted wheel speed sensor and tone wheel. This hub and bearing can be identified by the rounded cap and molded in connector on the rear of the assembly (Fig. 7). The sensor and tone wheel cannot be serviced separately from the hub and bearing.

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 31

HUB / BEARING (Continued)

REMOVAL FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE VEHICLES

Fig. 7 Hub And Bearing - FWD With ABS

OPERATION The hub and bearing has internal bearings that allow the hub to rotate with the tire and wheel assembly (and driveshaft on All-Wheel-Drive vehicles). The five wheel mounting studs mount the tire and wheel assembly, and disc brake rotor or brake drum to the vehicle. On All-Wheel-Drive vehicles, the splined mating of the driveshaft stub axle and hub allows the driveshaft to rotate with the hub and wheel. Front-Wheel-Drive vehicles equipped with antilock brakes have a wheel speed sensor and tone wheel mounted to the rear of the hub and bearing. The tone wheel rotates with the hub which is sensed by the wheel speed sensor.

(1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove wheel and tire. (Refer to 22 - TIRES/ WHEELS - REMOVAL) (3) Remove brake drum or disc brake caliper and rotor from hub and bearing. (Refer to 5 - BRAKES/ HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/DRUM - REMOVAL)(Refer to 5 - BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/ ROTOR - REMOVAL) (4) If equipped with antilock brakes, perform the following: (a) Remove secondary (yellow) retaining clip at rear of wheel speed sensor head (Fig. 8). (b) Push up on metal retaining clip (Fig. 8) until it bottoms. This will release wheel speed sensor head from hub and bearing. (c) While holding metal clip up, pull back on wheel speed sensor head removing it from hub and bearing.

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HUB AND BEARING The bearing contained in the hub and bearing assembly will produce noise and vibration when worn or damaged. The noise will generally change when the bearings are loaded. A road test of the vehicle is normally required to determine the location of a worn or damaged bearing. Find a smooth level road surface and bring the vehicle up to a constant speed. When vehicle is at a constant speed, swerve the vehicle back and forth from the left and to the right. This will load and unload the bearings and change the noise level. When bearing damage is slight, the noise is sometimes noticeable at lower speeds and at other times is more noticeable at speeds above 105 km/h (65 mph).

Fig. 8 Sensor Connector At Hub And Bearing 1 - SECONDARY SENSOR RETAINING CLIP 2 - METAL SENSOR RETAINING CLIP 3 - HUB AND BEARING

(5) Remove the 4 bolts attaching the hub and bearing to the rear axle. CAUTION: Corrosion may occur between the hub and bearing, and the axle. If this occurs the hub and bearing will be difficult to remove from the axle. If the hub and bearing will not come out of the axle by pulling on it by hand, do not pound on the hub and bearing to remove it from the axle. Damage will occur. Use the following procedure.

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REAR SUSPENSION

HUB / BEARING (Continued) (6) If hub and bearing cannot be removed from the axle by hand, use Remover, Special Tool 8458 (Fig. 9) and following procedure to press the hub and bearing out of the axle.

Fig. 9 Removal Using Special Tool 8458 1 2 3 4 5 6

THREADED GUIDE PINS 8458-4 HUB AND BEARING LEAF SPRING PLATE FORCING SCREW 8458-3 SCREW MOUNT 8458-2 PUSH PLATE 8458-1

(a) Thread Threaded Guide Pins into hub and bearing mounting bolt holes. (b) Remove the two outboard spring plate bolts. (c) Using the spring plate bolts, install the Screw Mount, Special Tool 8458–2, as shown (Fig. 9). (d) Place Push Plate, Special Tool 8458–1, on ends of Threaded Guide Pins (e) Place a dab of grease in dimple of Push Plate. (f) Tighten the Forcing Screw, Special Tool 8458–3, up against dimple in Push Plate and press hub and bearing out of axle by continuing to tighten screw. (g) Remove the tool. (h) Reinstall the two outboard spring plate bolts. Tighten the bolts to 102 N·m (75 ft. lbs.) torque. (7) Remove the hub/bearing from the rear axle and brake support plate.

ALL-WHEEL-DRIVE VEHICLES (1) Set the parking brake. The parking brake is set to keep the hub and bearing, and axle shaft from rotating when loosening the hub nut.

(2) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (3) Remove the wheel/tire assembly. (Refer to 22 TIRES/WHEELS - REMOVAL) (4) Remove the cotter pin and nut retainer (Fig. 18) from the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint. (5) Remove the spring washer (Fig. 17) from the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint. (6) Remove the hub nut and washer (Fig. 16) from the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint. (7) Remove the 6 bolts mounting the driveshaft inner joint to the output shaft of the rear drive line module. (8) Remove the rear wheel speed sensor (Fig. 19) from the rear hub/bearing. (9) Release the parking brake. (10) Remove the disc brake caliper to adapter guide pin bolts (Fig. 15). (11) Remove rear caliper from adapter using the following procedure. First rotate front of caliper up from the adapter. Then pull the rear of the caliper and the outboard brake shoe anti-rattle clip out from under the rear abutment on the adapter (Fig. 14). (12) Support caliper to prevent the weight of the caliper from damaging the flexible brake hose (Fig. 10).

Fig. 10 Correctly Supported Caliper 1 2 3 4 5

- WIRE - CALIPER - ADAPTER - ROTOR - INNER FENDER

(13) Remove the rotor from the hub/bearing. (14) Remove driveshaft from rear drive line module and hub/bearing. Driveshaft is removed by first compressing the inner joint on the driveshaft and removing it from the drive line module. Then, slide

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 33

HUB / BEARING (Continued) the outer joint of the driveshaft out of the hub/bearing. (15) Remove the hub/bearing to axle mounting bolts (Fig. 13). CAUTION: Corrosion may occur between the hub/ bearing and the axle. If this occurs the hub/bearing will be difficult to remove from the axle. If the hub/ bearing will not come out of the axle by pulling on it by hand, do not pound on the hub/bearing to remove it from the axle. Pounding on the hub/bearing to remove it from the axle will damage the hub/ bearing. This damage will result in noise or failure of the hub/bearing. To remove a hub/bearing which is corroded to the axle, lightly tap the disc brake caliper adapter using a soft faced hammer. This will remove both the disc brake caliper adapter and hub/bearing from the axle. The hub/bearing will then need to be removed from the caliper adapter. (16) Remove the hub/bearing from the axle. (Fig. 12). (17) If the disc brake caliper adapter and hub/ bearing were removed as an assembly from the axle and the hub/bearing cannot be removed from the adapter by hand, use the following procedure to remove it from the adapter. With a helper supporting the caliper adapter in his hands, position Remover, Special Tool 8214-1 on the cast housing of hub/bearing (Fig. 11). Do not position special tool on inner race of hub/bearing. Lightly strike Remover, Special Tool 8214-1 with a hammer to remove the hub/bearing from the caliper adapter.

INSTALLATION FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE VEHICLES (1) Install the 4 hub and bearing to axle mounting bolts into the holes in the flange of the rear axle. (2) Install the rear brake support plate on the 4 mounting bolts installed in the flange of the rear axle. (3) Align the rear hub and bearing with the 4 mounting bolts and start mounting bolts into hub and bearing. Tighten the 4 bolts in a crisscross pattern until the hub and bearing and brake support plate is fully and squarely seated onto flange of rear axle. Tighten the 4 mounting bolts to a torque of 129 N·m (95 ft. lbs.) NOTE: If equipped with antilock brakes, make sure wheel speed sensor stays clean and dry as it is installed into the hub and bearing cap. (4) If the vehicle is equipped with antilock brakes, perform the following: (a) If metal sensor retaining clip is not in the neutral installed position on hub and bearing cap, install from the bottom, if necessary, and push clip upward until it snaps into position. (b) Install wheel speed sensor head into rear of hub and bearing aligning index tab with the notch in the top of the mounting hole. Push the sensor in until it snaps into place on the metal retaining clip. (c) Install secondary (yellow) retaining clip over wheel speed sensor head and engage the tabs on each side (Fig. 8). (5) Install brake drum or disc brake rotor and brake caliper. (Refer to 5 - BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/ MECHANICAL/DRUM - INSTALLATION)(Refer to 5 - BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/ROTOR INSTALLATION) (6) Install wheel and tire (Refer to 22 - TIRES/ WHEELS - INSTALLATION). Tighten the wheel nuts in the proper sequence to a torque of 135 N·m (100 ft. lbs.). (7) Adjust the rear brakes as necessary. (Refer to 5 BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/BRAKE PADS/SHOES - ADJUSTMENTS) (8) Lower vehicle. (9) Road test vehicle to ensure proper operation of brakes.

ALL-WHEEL-DRIVE VEHICLES Fig. 11 Hub/Bearing Removal From Caliper Adapter 1 2 3 4

SPECIAL TOOL 8214-1 PARK BRAKE CABLE DISC BRAKE CALIPER ADAPTER HUB/BEARING

(1) Install hub/bearing on end of axle. (Fig. 12). (2) Install the hub/bearing mounting bolts. In a progressive crisscross pattern, tighten the 4 hub/ bearing mounting bolts (Fig. 13) until the disc brake caliper adapter and hub/bearing are squarely seated against the axle. Then tighten the hub/bearing mounting bolts to a torque of 129 N·m (95 ft. lbs.).

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REAR SUSPENSION

HUB / BEARING (Continued)

Fig. 14 Removing/Installing Caliper (Left Side Shown)

Fig. 12 Hub/Bearing Removal And Installation 1 - PARK BRAKE BRAKE SHOE 2 - HUB/BEARING 3 - PARK BRAKE BRAKE SHOE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

- LIFT THIS END OF CALIPER AWAY FROM ADAPTER FIRST - DISC BRAKE CALIPER - ADAPTER ABUTMENT - OUTBOARD BRAKE SHOE HOLD DOWN CLIP - OUTBOARD BRAKE SHOE - ROTOR - ADAPTER

CAUTION: When installing guide pin bolts extreme caution should be taken not to cross-thread the caliper guide pin bolts. (6) Install the disc brake caliper guide pin bolts (Fig. 15). Tighten the guide pin bolts to a torque of 35 NÂ·m (26 ft. lbs.).

Fig. 13 Hub/Bearing Mounting Bolts 1 2 3 4

- HUB/BEARING - AXLE - MOUNTING BOLTS - CALIPER ADAPTER

(3) Install driveshaft in hub/bearing and on output shaft of rear drive line module. Driveshaft is installed by first sliding the outer joint of the driveshaft into the hub/bearing and then compressing the inner joint on the driveshaft and installing it on the output shaft the drive line module. (4) Install rotor on hub/bearing. (5) Carefully lower disc brake caliper and brake shoes over rotor and onto caliper adapter by reversing the removal procedure (Fig. 14).

Fig. 15 Caliper Guide Pin Bolts 1 2 3 4 5

- STUD PIN BOLTS - DISC BRAKE CALIPER - DRIVESHAFT - AXLE - DISC BRAKE CALIPER ADAPTER

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 35

HUB / BEARING (Continued) (7) Clean all foreign material off the threads of the outer C/V joint stub shaft. Install the washer and hub nut (Fig. 16) on the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint.

Fig. 17 Spring Washer 1 2 3 4

HUB NUT STUB SHAFT ROTOR SPRING WASHER

1 2 3 4 5

CALIPER COTTER PIN ROTOR NUT RETAINER OUTER C/V JOINT

Fig. 16 Hub Nut And Washer 1 2 3 4 5

- CALIPER - HUB NUT - WASHER - ROTOR - ADAPTER

(8) Lower vehicle. (9) Set the park brake. This is required to keep the driveshaft from rotating when tightening and torquing the hub nut and driveshaft inner joint to driveline module mounting nuts. (10) Raise vehicle. (11) Tighten the driveshaft inner joint to drive line module output shaft mounting bolts to a torque of 61 N路m (45 ft. lbs.). (12) Tighten the outer C/V joint hub nut (Fig. 16) to a torque of 244 N路m (180 ft. lbs.). (13) Install the spring washer (Fig. 17) on the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint. (14) Install the nut retainer and cotter pin (Fig. 18) on the stub shaft of the outer C/V joint. (15) Install the wheel speed sensor on the hub/ bearing and adapter. Install the wheel speed sensor attaching bolt (Fig. 19). Tighten the wheel speed sensor attaching bolt to a torque of 12 N路m (105 in. lbs). (16) Install wheel and tire. (Refer to 22 - TIRES/ WHEELS - INSTALLATION) (17) Tighten the wheel mounting stud nuts in proper sequence until all nuts are torqued to half specification. Then repeat the tightening sequence to the full specified torque of 135 N路m (100 ft. lbs.). (18) Lower vehicle.

Fig. 18 Cotter Pin And Nut Retainer

CAUTION: Before moving vehicle, pump the brake pedal several times to insure the vehicle has a firm brake pedal to adequately stop vehicle.

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REAR SUSPENSION

HUB / BEARING (Continued)

Fig. 19 Wheel Speed Sensor 1 - MOUNTING BOLT 2 - WHEEL SPEED SENSOR

Fig. 20 Jounce Bumper 1 - JOUNCE BUMPER

(19) Road test vehicle to ensure proper operation of the brake system.

JOUNCE BUMPER DESCRIPTION There are two jounce bumpers used in the rear suspension. One mounts to each frame rail above the rear axle.

OPERATION The jounce bumper limits suspension travel and metal-to-metal contact of the rear axle with the frame under full jounce conditions.

Fig. 21 Jounce Bumper - FWD

REMOVAL REMOVAL - AWD AND HEAVY DUTY (1) Using slip-joint pliers grasp the base of the jounce bumper. Turn the base counterclockwise (Fig. 20). (2) Remove the jounce bumper from the frame rail.

REMOVAL - FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE (1) Remove the bolt attaching the jounce bumper to frame rail (Fig. 21). (2) Remove the jounce bumper from the frame rail.

1 - JOUNCE BUMPER

INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - AWD AND HEAVY DUTY (1) Install jounce bumper through bumper support plate and thread into welded nut in frame rail. (2) Tighten the jounce bumper to 33 N·m (290 in. lbs.) torque.

INSTALLATION - FRONT-WHEEL-DRIVE (1) Hook the forward end of the jounce bumper bracket in the mounting hole of the frame rail, then install the mounting bolt in the opposite end, securing the bumper to the frame rail. Tighten the jounce bumper mounting bolt to 33 N·m (290 in. lbs.) torque.

REAR SUSPENSION

SHOCK ABSORBER

2 - 37

Tool 8526-2, on the tip of the Ball Joint Press screw drive as shown (Fig. 22).

DESCRIPTION There is one shock absorber on each side of the rear suspension. The top of each shock absorber is bolted to the frame rail. The bottom of each shock absorber is bolted to the rear axle. This vehicle is available with either standard type or load-leveling shock absorbers. On the exterior, load-leveling shock absorbers are larger in diameter than standard shock absorbers. The load-leveling shock absorbers mount the same as the standard shock absorbers.

OPERATION The shock absorber dampens jounce and rebound motions of the spring and suspension. Each load-leveling shock absorber is a self-leveling, self-contained vehicle leveling system and shock absorber combined. It does not require an external compressor, hoses, or height leveling sensors. All the height leveling sensors, hydraulic pump, etc., are contained inside the shock absorber. It uses road inputs (bumps, stops, starts, turns, acceleration, deceleration, etc.) to activate pumping, which results in the extension and compression of the shock absorber.

REMOVAL - SHOCK ABSORBER

Fig. 22 Special Tools Positioned For Removal 1 - SCREW DRIVE

NOTE: It works well to place the Ball Joint Press, Special Tool C-4212F, in a bench vise as shown (Fig. 22) to perform this procedure. (3) Place the shock absorber upper mounting eye in the Receiver so the notch in the Receiver clears the shock absorber body (Fig. 23).

(1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Support the rear axle of the vehicle using 2 jackstands positioned at the outer ends of the axle. NOTE: If the shock absorber lower mounting bolt deflects upward during removal, raise axle by adjusting the support jack. If the lower shock absorber bolt deflects downward during removal, lower the axle by adjusting the support jack. (3) Remove the shock absorber lower mounting bolt. (4) While holding shock absorber, remove the shock absorber upper mounting bolt and shock absorber.

DISASSEMBLY - SHOCK ABSORBER (UPPER BUSHING) NOTE: This procedure applies to load-leveling shock absorbers only. (1) Remove the shock absorber from the vehicle. (2) Install the Receiver, Special Tool 8526-1, into the cup of the Ball Joint Press, Special Tool C-4212F, and tighten the set screw. Install the Driver, Special

Fig. 23 Removing Bushing From Shock Absorber 1 - SCREW DRIVE 2 - SHOCK ABSORBER 3 - NOTCH

(4) Tighten the screw drive until the Driver contacts the outer circumference of the bushing evenly (Fig. 23). Continue to tighten the screw drive until the bushing is pressed completely out of the shock absorber eye and into the Receiver. (5) Back off the screw drive and remove the bushing from the Receiver.

2 - 38

REAR SUSPENSION

SHOCK ABSORBER (Continued)

ASSEMBLY - SHOCK ABSORBER (UPPER BUSHING) NOTE: This procedure applies to load-leveling shock absorbers only. (1) Install the Receiver, Special Tool 8526-1, into the cup of the Ball Joint Press, Special Tool C-4212F, and tighten the set screw. Install the Driver, Special Tool 8526-2, on the tip of the Ball Joint Press screw drive as shown (Fig. 24). Position the Driver this way to seat the bushing to its correct depth.

Fig. 25 Installing Bushing In Shock Absorber 1 2 3 4

BUSHING SCREW DRIVE SHOCK ABSORBER NOTCH

(5) Tighten the upper and lower shock absorber mounting bolt to a torque of 88 NÂˇm (65 ft. lbs.).

SPRING - AWD Fig. 24 Special Tools Positioned For Installation 1 - SCREW DRIVE

(2) Place the shock absorber upper mounting eye in the Receiver so the notch in the Receiver clears the shock absorber body (Fig. 25). (3) Position the bushing between the shock absorber eye and the Driver (Fig. 25). Tighten the screw drive until the Driver, bushing, and shock absorber eye are touching and squarely aligned. (4) Press the bushing into the shock absorber eye until the Driver bottoms against the face of the eye. (5) Back off the Ball Joint Press screw drive and remove the shock absorber from the press. (6) Install the shock absorber on the vehicle. Refer to REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION in this section for the procedure.

INSTALLATION - SHOCK ABSORBER (1) While holding shock absorber in position against the frame rail, install the shock absorber upper mounting bolt. (2) Install the shock absorber lower mounting bolt securing the lower end of the shock absorber to the axle. (3) Remove the support jack. (4) Lower the vehicle to the ground so the full curb weight of the vehicle is supported by the suspension.

DESCRIPTION The leaf springs used on the rear suspension of this vehicle are of either a mono-leaf or multi-leaf design depending on model and options. Since the rear springs come in various designs and rates, be sure the correct spring is in use.

OPERATION The leaf spring controls ride quality and maintains ride height.

REMOVAL - AWD (1) Raise vehicle on frame-contact hoist as follows: (a) Position the hoist arm supporting the corner of the vehicle to be serviced against a block of wood placed on the body sill as shown (Fig. 26). (b) Position the remaining hoist arms at each corner of the vehicle in the normal fashion. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (c) Raise the vehicle to a comfortable working level. (2) Position an under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack under rear axle toward the side needing spring replacement. Jack pad should just contact axle.

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 39

SPRING - AWD (Continued) (4) Using 2 jack stands positioned under the outer ends of the axle, raise the axle enough to remove the weight of the axle from the rear springs. (5) Loosen and remove the axle plate bolts from the rear axle (Fig. 28).

Fig. 26 LIFTING POINT AND SPRING MOUNT 1 2 3 4 5 6

BODY SILL AREA MOUNTING BOLTS SPRING MOUNTING BRACKET LEAF SPRING HOIST LIFT ARM WOODEN BLOCK

NOTE: If shock absorber bolt deflects upward during removal, raise axle by adjusting support jack. If shock absorber bolt deflects downward during removal, lower axle by adjusting support jack (or by pulling on axle). (3) Begin removal of the shock absorber lower mounting bolt (Fig. 27).

Fig. 28 Axle Plate Bolts 1 2 3 4

- LEAF SPRING - AXLE PLATE BOLTS (4) - AXLE PLATE - AXLE

(6) Using the jack stands slowly lower the rear axle, permitting the rear springs to hang free. (7) Loosen and remove the 4 bolts at the front mount of the rear leaf spring (Fig. 26). (8) Loosen and remove the 2 bolts and the 2 pin nuts from the spring shackle for the rear leaf spring (Fig. 29). Then remove the inner half of the spring shackle from the outer half hanger of the spring hanger and the spring. (9) Remove the rear leaf spring from the outer half of the spring shackle. (10) Remove the leaf spring from the vehicle. (11) Loosen and remove the pivot bolt from the front mount of the rear leaf spring. (Fig. 30).

INSTALLATION - AWD CAUTION: Pivot bolt must face inboard to prevent structural damage during installation of spring.

Fig. 27 Rear Shock Absorber Mounting Bolt 1 - SHOCK BOLT

(1) Install the front eyelet of the rear leaf spring into the spring mount. Install the pivot bolt and nut. Do not tighten the pivot bolt at this time. (2) Position the front spring mount for the rear leaf spring against the floor pan of the vehicle. Install the 4 mounting bolts for the front spring mount (Fig. 26). Tighten the 4 mounting bolts to a torque of 61 NÂˇm (45 ft. lbs.).

2 - 40

REAR SUSPENSION

SPRING - AWD (Continued) CAUTION: The following sequence must be followed when tightening the pin nuts on the rear hanger for the rear leaf spring. First the hanger pin nuts must be tightened to the specified torque shown below. Then tighten the retaining bolts for the inner to outer half of the spring hanger to the torque specification listed below. This sequence must be followed to properly seat the bushings into the springs and to avoid bending the spring hanger.

Fig. 29 All-Wheel-Drive Rear Suspension 1 2 3 4

- SHACKLE - REAR MOUNT (HANGER) - LEAF SPRING (MULTI-LEAF) - AWD REAR AXLE

(8) Tighten the spring front pivot bolt to 156 N·m (115 ft. lbs.) torque. (9) Tighten rear spring shackle pin nuts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (10) Tighten rear spring shackle inner to outer half retaining bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (11) Tighten the lower shock absorber mounting bolt to 102 N·m (75 ft. lbs.) torque.

SPRING - FWD DESCRIPTION The leaf springs used on the rear suspension of this vehicle are of either a mono-leaf or multi-leaf design depending on model and options. Since the rear springs come in various designs and rates, be sure the correct spring is in use.

OPERATION The leaf spring controls ride quality and maintains ride height.

REMOVAL - FWD

Fig. 30 Leaf Spring Front Mount (Typical) 1 - LEAF SPRING 2 - SPRING MOUNT

(3) Install the rear of the leaf spring onto the outer half of the rear shackle. Install the inner half of the rear hanger. Install the pin nuts and bolts on the rear shackle, but do not tighten at this time. (4) Raise axle assembly into correct position with axle centered under spring locator post. (5) Install axle plate bolts (Fig. 28). Tighten bolts to 95 N·m (70 ft. lbs.) torque. (6) Install shock absorber bolts. Do not tighten at this time. (7) Lower the vehicle and remove hoist arms and block of wood from under vehicle.

(1) Raise vehicle on frame-contact hoist as follows: (a) Position the hoist arm supporting the corner of the vehicle to be serviced against a block of wood placed on the body sill as shown (Fig. 31). (b) Position the remaining hoist arms at each corner of the vehicle in the normal fashion. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (c) Raise the vehicle to a comfortable working level. (2) Position an under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack under rear axle toward the side needing spring replacement. Jack pad should just contact axle. (3) Remove the shock absorber lower mounting bolt (Fig. 32). NOTE: If shock absorber bolt deflects upward during removal, raise axle by adjusting support jack. If shock absorber bolt deflects downward during removal, lower axle by adjusting support jack (or by pulling on axle).

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 41

SPRING - FWD (Continued)

Fig. 33 Spring Plate Bolts 1 - SPRING PLATE

Fig. 31 LIFTING POINT AND SPRING MOUNT 1 2 3 4 5 6

BODY SILL AREA MOUNTING BOLTS SPRING MOUNTING BRACKET LEAF SPRING HOIST LIFT ARM WOODEN BLOCK

Fig. 34 Spring Plate 1 - SPRING PLATE

Fig. 32 Rear Shock Mounting Bolt 1 - SHOCK BOLT

(4) Using 2 jack stands positioned under the outer ends of the axle, raise the axle enough to remove the weight of the axle from the rear springs. (5) Loosen and remove the spring plate bolts from the rear axle (Fig. 33). (6) Remove the spring plate from the rear axle and the leaf spring (Fig. 34). (7) Using the jack stands slowly lower the rear axle, permitting the rear springs to hang free.

(8) Loosen and remove the 4 bolts securing the front mount of the leaf spring to the vehicle (Fig. 31). (9) Loosen and remove the nuts from the spring hanger (Fig. 35) for the rear leaf spring. Then remove the hanger plate from the hanger and remove the spring from the spring hanger (Fig. 35). (10) Remove the leaf spring from the vehicle. (11) Loosen and remove the pivot bolt from the front mount of the rear leaf spring. Remove mount.

INSTALLATION - FWD (1) Assemble front spring mount to front of spring eye and install pivot bolt and nut. Do not tighten at this time. CAUTION: Pivot bolt must face inboard to prevent structural damage during installation of spring.

2 - 42

REAR SUSPENSION

SPRING - FWD (Continued) (8) Install spring plate bolts (Fig. 33). Tighten bolts to 95 N·m (70 ft. lbs.) torque. (9) Install lower shock absorber bolt. Do not tighten at this time. (10) Remove jack under axle. (11) Lower the vehicle and remove hoist arms and block of wood from under vehicle.

Fig. 35 Rear Spring Hanger 1 - SHACKLE PLATE 2 - SPRING HANGER

(2) Raise front of spring and install four mounting bolts (Fig. 31). Tighten bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (3) Install rear of spring onto rear spring shackle. Install shackle plate. Do not tighten. (4) Verify lower leaf spring isolator is in position. (5) Raise axle into correct position on leaf spring with axle centered under spring locator post (Fig. 36).

CAUTION: The following sequence must be followed when tightening the pin nuts on the rear hanger for the rear leaf spring. First the hanger pin nuts must be tightened to the specified torque shown below. Then tighten the retaining bolts for the inner to outer half of the spring hanger to the torque specification listed below. This sequence must be followed to properly seat the bushings into the springs and to avoid bending the spring hanger. (12) Tighten the spring front pivot bolt to 156 N·m (115 ft. lbs.) torque. (13) Tighten rear spring shackle pin nuts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (14) Tighten rear spring shackle inner to outer half retaining bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (15) Tighten the lower shock absorber mounting bolt to 102 N·m (75 ft. lbs.) torque.

SPRING MOUNTS - FRONT REMOVAL (1) Raise vehicle on frame-contact hoist as follows: (a) Position the hoist arm supporting the corner of the vehicle to be serviced against a block of wood placed on the body sill as shown (Fig. 37). (b) Position the remaining hoist arms at each corner of the vehicle in the normal fashion. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (c) Raise the vehicle to a comfortable working level. (2) Position an under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack under rear axle toward the side needing bushing replacement. Jack pad should just contact axle. (3) Remove shock absorber lower mounting bolt.

Fig. 36 Leaf Spring Locator Post 1 - LEAF SPRING ISOLATOR 2 - LEAF SPRING 3 - LOCATOR POST

(6) Verify that the leaf spring isolator is correctly positioned in the spring plate. (7) Install spring plate in position on the spring (Fig. 33).

NOTE: If shock absorber bolt deflects upward during removal, raise axle by adjusting support jack. If shock absorber bolt deflects downward during removal, lower axle by adjusting support jack (or by pulling on axle). (4) Remove four bolts securing leaf spring front mounting bracket to the body (Fig. 37). (5) Using jack, slowly lower rear axle, permitting the forward end of rear spring to hang down. Lower

REAR SUSPENSION

2 - 43

SPRING MOUNTS - FRONT (Continued) shock absorber lower mounting bolt. Do not fully tighten bolt at this time. (5) Lower the vehicle and remove hoist arms and block of wood from under vehicle. (6) Tighten the spring front pivot bolt to 156 N·m (115 ft. lbs.) torque. (7) Tighten the lower shock absorber mounting bolt to 88 N·m (65 ft. lbs.) torque.

SPRING MOUNTS - REAR REMOVAL (1) Remove the attaching nuts and bolts from the leaf spring rear shackle (Fig. 38) and (Fig. 39).

Fig. 37 LIFTING POINT AND SPRING MOUNT 1 2 3 4 5 6

BODY SILL AREA MOUNTING BOLTS SPRING MOUNTING BRACKET LEAF SPRING HOIST LIFT ARM WOODEN BLOCK

Fig. 38 Leaf Spring Shackle Nuts (FWD) 1 - SHACKLE PLATE

INSTALLATION (1) Position spring mounting bracket over spring eye and install pivot bolt through center of bushing from the outboard side. NOTE: The pivot bolt must be installed from the outboard side to allow proper bracket to body mounting. (2) Install the nut on the pivot bolt and lightly tighten. Do not fully tighten bolt at this time. (3) Raise the under-hoist utility jack or transmission jack, guiding the forward mounting bracket into place against the body. It may help to use a drift punch placed through the hole centered between the mounting bolt holes in the bracket and the pilot hole in the body of the vehicle as a guide. When the four mounting bolt holes line up with their threads in the body, Install the mounting bolts (Fig. 37). Tighten the four mounting bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) torque. (4) Raise or lower the jack until shock absorber lower eye aligns with threads in axle housing. Install

Fig. 39 All-Wheel-Drive Rear Suspension 1 2 3 4

- SHACKLE - REAR MOUNT (HANGER) - LEAF SPRING (MULTI-LEAF) - AWD REAR AXLE

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REAR SUSPENSION

SPRING MOUNTS - REAR (Continued) (2) Install a jackstand under the side of the axle having the leaf spring mount removed. Using the jackstand, support the weight of the axle and leaf spring. (3) Remove the lower mounting bolt from the shock absorber. (4) Remove the bolts attaching the leaf spring rear mount to the body of the vehicle (Fig. 40).

The stabilizer bar interconnects both sides of the rear axle and attaches to the rear frame rails using 2 rubber isolated link arms. Both type stabilizer bars have the same basic components. Attachment to the rear axle tube, and rear frame rails is through rubber-isolated bushings. The 2 rubber isolated links are connected to the rear frame rails by brackets. These brackets are bolted to the bottom of the frame rails.

OPERATION Jounce and rebound movements affecting one wheel are partially transmitted to the opposite wheel to reduce body roll.

REMOVAL REMOVAL - AWD

Fig. 40 Rear Spring Mount 1 - LEAF SPRING MOUNT

(5) Lower the jackstand and the rear of the leaf spring. Remove the shackle from the leaf spring bushing.

INSTALLATION CAUTION: The following sequence must be followed when tightening the pin nuts on the rear hanger for the rear leaf spring. First the hanger pin nuts must be tightened to the specified torque. Then tighten the retaining bolts for the inner to outer half of the spring hanger to the specified torque. This sequence must be followed to avoid bending the spring hanger. (1) For installation, reverse removal procedure. Do not tighten rear spring shackle nuts fully until vehicle is lowered and the full vehicle weight is applied to the rear wheels. Tighten rear spring mount bolts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.). Tighten shackle nuts to 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.).

STABILIZER BAR DESCRIPTION Front-wheel-drive models use a stabilizer bar that is mounted behind the rear axle. All-wheel-drive models use a stabilizer bar that is mounted in front of the rear axle.

(1) Raise vehicle. (Refer to LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/HOISTING - STANDARD PROCEDURE) (2) Remove the bolts securing the stabilizer bar to links on each end of the bar. (3) While holding the stabilizer bar in place, remove the bolts that attach the stabilizer bar bushing retainers to the rear axle. (4) Remove the stabilizer bar from the vehicle. (5) If the links need to be serviced, remove the upper link arm to bracket bolt. Then remove link arm from frame rail attaching bracket.

REMOVAL - FWD (1) Raise vehicle. See Hoisting in Lubrication and Maintenance. (2) Remove the bolts securing the stabilizer bar to links on each side of bar. (3) While holding the stabilizer bar in place, remove the bolts that attach the stabilizer bar bushing retainers to the rear axle. (4) Remove the stabilizer bar from the vehicle.

INSTALLATION INSTALLATION - AWD (1) Install the stabilizer bar on the rear axle. (2) Install bushing retainer bolts. Do not tighten at this time. (3) Install bolts connecting links to stabilizer bar. Do not tighten at this time. (4) Lower the vehicle so that the full weight of the vehicle is on all four tires. With the vehicle at its curb height, tighten the following bolts to the torques listed: • Stabilizer bar bushing retainer-to-axle bracket bolts — 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.)

REAR SUSPENSION

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STABILIZER BAR (Continued) • Stabilizer bar-to-link bolts — 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.)

INSTALLATION - FWD (1) Lift the stabilizer bar onto the rear axle and install the two retainer mounting bolts. DO NOT TIGHTEN. (2) Install the bolts attaching the stabilizer bar links to the stabilizer bar. DO NOT TIGHTEN. (3) Lower the vehicle so that the full weight of the vehicle is on all four tires. With the vehicle at its curb height, tighten the following bolts to the torques listed: • Stabilizer bar bushing retainer-to-axle bracket bolts — 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.) • Stabilizer bar-to-link — 61 N·m (45 ft. lbs.)

(2) Remove the nut and bolt attaching the track bar to the track bar mount on the body of the vehicle. Remove the track bar from the track bar mount.

INSTALLATION (1) Install the track bar first into the body mount for the track bar (Fig. 42). Install the track bar bolt with the head of the bolt facing toward the rear of the vehicle (Fig. 43). Do not tighten.

TRACK BAR DESCRIPTION On front-wheel-drive applications of this vehicle that are equipped with single leaf rear springs, a track bar is used on the rear axle (Fig. 1). The track bar connects the rear axle to the frame/ body of the vehicle. The track bar is isolated from the body of the vehicle by an isolator bushing located in each end of the track bar.

Fig. 42 Track Bar Installation (Typical) 1 - TRACK BAR REPLACEMENT

OPERATION The track bar prevents excessive side-to-side movement of the rear axle. The track bar is used to keep the location of the axle in the correct position for optimum handling and control of the vehicle.

REMOVAL (1) Remove the nut and bolt mounting the track bar to the rear axle (Fig. 41).

Fig. 43 Track Bar Bolt Installation 1 - TRACK BAR BOLT

Fig. 41 Track Bar Mounting To Axle (Typical) 1 - LOWER TRACK BAR BOLT INSTALLATION

(2) Install the track bar into its mounting bracket on the rear axle (Fig. 41). Install the track bar bolt with the head of the bolt facing toward the rear of the vehicle. Do not tighten. (3) Lower the vehicle to the ground until the full weight of the vehicle is supported by the wheels. Tighten both track bar attaching bolts to a torque of 95 N·m (70 ft. lbs.).

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WHEEL ALIGNMENT

WHEEL ALIGNMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS page

page

WHEEL ALIGNMENT DESCRIPTION - WHEEL ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . 46 DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - SUSPENSION AND STEERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 STANDARD PROCEDURE STANDARD PROCEDURE - WHEEL ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

STANDARD PROCEDURE - CURB HEIGHT MEASUREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 STANDARD PROCEDURE - CURB HEIGHT MEASUREMENT (EXPORT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 SPECIFICATIONS WHEEL ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

WHEEL ALIGNMENT

• Excessive positive camber will cause tread wear on the outside of the tire.

DESCRIPTION - WHEEL ALIGNMENT Vehicle wheel alignment is the positioning of all interrelated front and rear suspension angles. These angles affect the handling and steering of the vehicle when it is in motion. Proper wheel alignment is essential for efficient steering, good directional stability, and proper tire wear. The method of checking a vehicle’s front and rear wheel alignment varies depending on the manufacturer and type of equipment used. The manufacturer’s instructions should always be followed to ensure accuracy of the alignment, except when DaimlerChrysler Corporation’s wheel alignment specifications differ. On this vehicle, the suspension angles that can be adjusted are as follows: • Front Camber (with camber bolt package and standard procedure) • Front Toe Check the wheel alignment and make all wheel alignment adjustments with the vehicle standing at its proper curb height specification. Curb height is the normal riding height of the vehicle. It is measured from a certain point on the vehicle to the ground or a designated area while the vehicle is sitting on a flat, level surface. Refer to Curb Height Measurement in this section for additional information. Typical wheel alignment angles and measurements are described in the following paragraphs.

CAMBER Camber is the inward or outward tilt of the top of the tire and wheel assembly (Fig. 1). Camber is measured in degrees of angle relative to a true vertical line. Camber is a tire wearing angle. • Excessive negative camber will cause tread wear at the inside of the tire.

Fig. 1 Camber 1 - WHEELS TILTED OUT AT TOP 2 - WHEELS TILTED IN AT TOP

WHEEL ALIGNMENT

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WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)

CROSS CAMBER

CROSS CASTER

Cross camber is the difference between left and right camber. To achieve the cross camber reading, subtract the right side camber reading from the left. For example, if the left camber is +0.3° and the right camber is 0.0°, the cross camber would be +0.3°.

Cross caster is the difference between left and right caster.

CASTER Caster is the forward or rearward tilt of the steering knuckle in reference to the position of the upper and lower ball joints. Caster is measured in degrees of angle relative to a true vertical center line. This line is viewed from the side of the tire and wheel assembly (Fig. 2). • Forward tilt (upper ball joint ahead of lower) results in a negative caster angle. • Rearward tilt (upper ball joint trailing lower) results in a positive caster angle. Although caster does not affect tire wear, a caster imbalance between the two front wheels may cause the vehicle to lead to the side with the least positive caster.

TOE Toe is the inward or outward angle of the wheels as viewed from above the vehicle (Fig. 3). • Toe-in is produced when the front edges of the wheels on the same axle are closer together than the rear edges. • Toe-out is produced when the front edges of the wheels on the same axle are farther apart than the rear edges. Toe-in and toe-out can occur at the front wheels and the rear wheels. Toe is measured in degrees or inches. The measurement identifies the amount that the front of the wheels point inward (toe-in) or outward (toe-out). Toe is measured at the spindle height. Zero toe means the front and rear edges of the wheels on the same axle are equally distant.

Fig. 2 Caster

Fig. 3 Toe 1 - TOE-IN 2 - TOE-OUT

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