LIS 60001 Access to Information Dr. Belinda Boon Maria Elena van Boekel Nov 23, 2010 1. Schumann, W. (2009). Gemstones of the World: Newly Revised & Expanded (4th ed.). NY, NY: Sterling Gemstones of the World is a gemologistâ€&#x;s pocket-sized upgrade of a well regarded, time honored global directory of industry standards. This book serves as a ready reference tool for gem scholars and is an affordable textbook for gem students. The author is a prolific German writer. This fourth edition includes an expanded section on the energy healing of gems and stones. Scientists are conducting studies with doctors and patients to discover possible healing properties of gems. These new studies are being based on historical accounts documented in ancient texts. The medical industry is not the only field discovering the benefits of the energy and powers of gemstones. Many industries can expect major world technology development as practical applications for the newest perfect man made diamonds become evident. State-of-the art laboratory diamond tests are introduced as well as updates on new treatments and synthetics. Current reports of new mines and new gems included in the fourth edition educate gemologist that buy on a secondary markets away from the stoneâ€&#x;s source. Correct terminology, and not surprisingly, false and misleading names, are helpful vital information for gemologists. The business of handling lab reports, invoices and gem certification requires legally binding descriptions. Knowing the current standard nomenclature is protection against fraud and corruption.
1 mvb
2-5 “Blue Books”1 (2010-2011), CIBJO, World Jewellery retrieved Nov. 24th, 2010 Confederationhttp://www.cibjo.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14&Itemi d=18
four PDF documents The Gemstone Book 2010-2011 The Pearl Book 2010-2011 The Diamond Book 2010-2011 The Precious Metal Book 2010-2011 The four prime markets can be divided into four specializations. The publications are a free online resource that illustrates the global gem families‟ information needs for current industry standards. These reports are designed to protect the integrity of the jewelry industry by constructing a high standard of ethics through disclosure. Specialized developments are reported in a four volume set fondly nicknamed the “Blue Books” 2 The World Jewellery Confederation works with the United Nations to protect the world-wide jewelry industry by documenting protocol to protect the jewelry consumer. CIBJO authority only works with team work. The format of four distinct documents follows the industry‟s four specializations, Gemstones, pearls, diamonds, and precious metals. Gemstones are basically any stones of color that are not diamonds. The official industry standards for gem nomenclature are legally binding. Pearls are undergoing an unprecedented golden age. China now has well over 1,200 pearl farms. The pearl information delves into strict disclosure of industry treatments that lighten or color pearls. The 1 2
Retrieved Nov 11,2010 http://www.cibjo.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14&Itemid=18 CIBJO, 2010-2011 Retrieved Nov 11th, 2010 at
2 mvb
Diamond Book is specific diamond nomenclature. Developments are vital because the newest perfect lab created diamonds compare perfectly to a natural perfect diamond. The precious metals are a huge component of the interworking of the gem industry. Reports on volatile markets are essential for those investing in gold and platinum.
6 G. F. Williams, The Diamond Mines of South Africa 1902 NY, NY, Macmillian Found 11/11/10 retrieved from http://www.archive.org/stream/diamondminesofso01willrich#page/n15/mode/2up Many gemologists want to know the historical provenance of gems as well as the country of origin and the specific mine the gem was sourced from. Many times gemologists prefer to visit the mine site of the gem. The Diamond Mines of South Africa: Some Account of Their Rise and Development is Gardner F. Williamsâ€&#x; autobiographical account of the many early diamond mines of South Africa. The details were meticulously published in 1902. The 1904, 1905, and 1906 editions were printed with more engraved drawings, and in two volumes. The first deluxe edition in 1902 was limited to 100 signed copies. Published as one complete volume with over 600 pages, the elaborately detailed maps, scientific drawings and hundreds of indexed photographs fill the book in historical order. The firsthand account is so well illustrated because Gardner Williams was the general manager of DeBeers Consolidated Mines. The collection of information on early diamond mining culture is generous enough to document many native African people, and Boer farming families. Despite the humanity of the industry the brew of powerful science, booming industry, and sophisticated marketing are the real stars of this comprehensive historical document. The format is extensive and detailed nineteen chapters and five appendixes.
3 mvb
The digital copies of these volumes are available electronically on Open Library. The book status is not in copyright; on demand publishers can make new copies as needed. The first edition of 1902 contributor is the University of California Library this digital copy is the best. The New York Public Library has a digital copy available on Worldcat. The illustrated story begins with a discussion of ancient mines and mans perception of gemstones and the early importance of diamonds. The history of diamond mining in Africa has had a greatly influence on current world economies.
An American resource and national treasure The collection: 7. The Harry Winston Gallery and the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems and Minerals at the National Museum of Natural History, Constitution Ave. at 10th St., NW Washington, DC Gemologists require access to actual collections as visual resources. The Smithsonian Natural History Museum houses two world class gem collections. The extreme quality of the specimens is considered to be comparable to the crown jewels of England, and some of the private collections in Saudi Arabia. Two highlights of the collection are the fancy diamonds, a unique historical large blue and one of worldâ€&#x;s twenty rare red diamonds. This collection can easily be considered a benchmark for great gem and mineral collections. In the knowledgeable spirit of the Smithsonian, Americaâ€&#x;s great collection has inspired quality documentation to share interest and provide information.
4 mvb
The collections illustrated text: 8. Post, J. E. (2005) The National Gem Collection Washington: National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; New York : Harry N. Abrams, inc., 2005.
The author Dr. Jeffery Edward Post is a scientist and the curator of The Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems and Minerals at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History. Dr. Jeffery Edward Post is an authority on mineralogy, gemmology, geochemistry, crystallography, and electron microscopy. The text has six detailed chapters on precious and semi precious stones. Most of the chapters describe complex measuring, cutting and grading of quality and color of diamonds, corundum and beryl. The other chapters describe the history of the collection and the history of the stones. The information in the five appendixes is more or less designed for advanced gem enthusiasts. This book works best as a companion piece for gemologists that choose to study Americaâ€&#x;s world class collection of gem specimens. It is difficult to photograph gems and this oversized 2005 edition allows anyone to treasure images of the Nationâ€&#x;s gem collection. A Smithsonian double anniversary inspires a documentary video 9. (2010). Mystery of the Hope Diamond: The Science of Stones [Video Documentary]. United States: Smithsonian Channel. (Was) available online and retrieved on November 21st, 2010, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/multimedia/videos/Smithsonian-Channel-Hope-DiamondScience.html
5 mvb
The American collection of gems also has a state-of-the-art working laboratory. The Smithsonian provides gemologists some insight into the process of current gem science. The latest scientific work is featured in an entertaining video, Mystery of the Hope Diamond: the Science of Stones.. As a celebration of the Smithsonian‟s 100th birthday, and the Hope‟s 50 th anniversary this video can be viewed for free online. The Smithsonian scientists have continuously studied the rare Hope diamond as new technology has been developed. In the 1960‟s a lab experiment brought to light a new finding to consider. The blue diamond possesses a reproducible minute long red phosphorescence afterglow. The hue of the afterglow is intense and was later found to be unique to the Hope. Just recently Smithsonian gemologists discovered the Hope diamond was once inside a larger blue diamond gem, (The French Blue). This gem was plundered from Louis the Fourteenth‟s monumental Golden Fleece. On the first five nights of the French revolution the entire unguarded collection of France‟s crown jewels were disappeared.
The video goes into the elaborate events and great detail to prepare the Hope for this new anniversary scientific study. The study took place in the security of the mineralogy lab. Blue diamond atoms were ultra micro drilled and vacuumed from the Hope to evaluate the gems unique DNA. The projects strategy included lab instruments that could measure the degrees of phosphorescence and boron in the Hope and ninety other less significant blue diamonds. The results of the French Blue/ Hope atom‟s DNA suggests boron, carbon, hydrogen and another particle, possibly nitrogen. The project reports that this preliminary discovery suggests that tiny amounts of boron are unevenly dispersed within the Hope. Boron levels that create the blue hue in the stone are now reported to be inconsistent in the Hope. The range of boron in some parts of the stone may be as much as eight parts per million or as little as zero. A perfect diamond
6 mvb
manifesting such a dark ocean blue color is very rare. The discovery of the microscopic boron variations dispersed throughout the Hopeâ€&#x;s adamantine luster was a surprise. This gives gemologists reason to believe there may be some truth to the idea that the Hopeâ€&#x;s intense color is very unique.
10. Ward, F. and Ward, C., (2008) Phenomenal Gems: Gems that do Tricks Malibu, CA: Gem Book Publishers
The latest and eighth edition to the Fred Ward Gem Series is written in companionship with his wife, Charlotte Ward. Gemologists may like to use this book of less than 100 pages to memorize the differences in the optical properties of the play of light in, and on the gems they study. Organic pearl gems such as oyster, conch, scallop and melo are all so unique with many confusing imitations to contend with. This book helps to understand the complex nomenclature of surface and internal play of light. Memorizing the effects can help gemologists to distinguish natural material from manmade imposters. The newly classified gem, fossilized ammonites may have a strong day glow, or soft pastel iridescent nacre. Other mineral gems have aventurescence, chatoyancy tiger eye, chatoancy with shimmer, glow, adularesence, star asterism, cats eye, rainbow, fire, flame, and color change, the alexandrite effect. The concise written descriptions and the exceptional photographic skills illustrate the complex nuances gemologists want to understand. The author is a veteran National Geographic professional gem photographer. All the color photos would be challenging to take and they are all perfect. The gems appear to be of exceptional quality. For a complex subject this is to the point.
7 mvb
11. V. Finley, A secret guide to gems V. Finley, Color a Natural History of the Palette Two “ little gems” I can recommend for leisure reading. The books are lovingly researched and written.
12 The Gemological Institute of America GIA „s free visual resource 2010 - ongoing Gem Project Database retrieved 11/24/10 from, http://www.gia.edu/research-resources/giagem-database/ As of 2010 two hundred stones have been tested and digital images are now available to study for free online .This ongoing database project will eventually have 2,800 stones of historic importance. Every gem in GIA Gem Project Database has a link to a three page scientific lab report. The gem reports include some photomicrograph images magnified 40X, locality and mine origin. One highlight of the database is stone and lab report #35171. A 4.27 carat Red Beryl from Utah‟s Wah Wah Mountain is very rare. Swiss gemologist Dr. Edward J. Gübelin collection of gems has been made public for education.
8 mvb