shehreensaleh masters of architecture |university of tennessee
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contact. shehreen.saleh@gmail.com ssaleh@utk.edu 678.667.6039
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jutemill bungalow jabbar, bangladesh
[03]
dwelling within a bridge arbitrary site
agricultural expo center knoxville, tn
modern glassworks museum knoxville, tn
urban food forest knoxville, tn
[architecture]
[01] [02] [04] [05]
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[07]
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interior design penthouse interior dhaka, bangladesh
facade design hospital facade dhaka, bangladesh
[other works]
[06]
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“
“
a great building must begin with the immeasurable, must go through the measurable means when it is being designed, and in the end must be unmeasured. -Louis Kahn
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[architecture] modern glassworks museum knoxville, tn agricultural gardens knoxville, tn dwelling within a bridge arbitrary site jutemill bungalow jabbar, bangladesh
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[01] urban food forest
professor j. akerman knoxville, tn spring 2013 diploma studio 599
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regional
neighborhood
site
This project uses the idea of urban farming, permaculture, and the model of the natural forest to develop an urban food forest in Knoxville’s Old City area near downtown. It is an urban food forest that produces food which grows in the same way as a layered forest. The approach to this project poses to sustain biodiversity through an urban food forest. In permaculture farming, a food forest grows in a highly optimized pattern that utilizes multiple layers to make the most of both horizontal and vertical space. A forest is comprised of seven layers where permaculture food forests are also grown in the same way. In permaculture, symbiosis is a key element in the development of food. This project attempts to use symbiosis as a means to not only grow food in this way but to allow the main program components to become mutually dependent on one another for the production of food. The special opportunity that is posed by this project is for the site to become an asset to the city by nurturing permaculture methods of farming in an urban setting that can potentially attract investors and bring revenue to the city. It could also become a model for a new way of modern farming for the world. The main program for this project includes a food forest for food production, a community center, and residential units
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background
The background research behind this project began with looking at the way modern society grows food. This method known as monoculture is cultivating one crop over a vast amount of land. This affects the biodiversity of plant and animal species by destroying the habitats of the flora and fauna. Biodiversity is important to maintain the delicate balance of the ecosystem. An alternative to monoculture farming is permaculture which uses biodiversity and the symbiotic relationships between plants and animals to thrive where these species are codependent. The infographics demonstrate the above mentioned ideas.
the importance of biodiversity
90% of the human race’s diet of plant and animal origins come from just 15 species. Of these, just four species of plants - wheat, maize, rice and potatoes provide us with half of the energy. In the last century, three quarters of the genetic diversity of agricultural crops have disappeared. Modern agriculture has encouraged many farmers to use the same high yielding species of plants or animals, but when food producers abandon diversity, varieties and species can disappear, along with their specific genetic characteristics. source: www.foodwewant.org The diagrams show how important biodiversity is in keeping a healthy ecosystem. all organism are interconnected through the food chain: the decomposers break down nutrients to feed the producers (plants). the producers provide nourishment for the primary consumers (herbivores). these organisms become nourishment for secondary consumers or carnivores and omnivores. the last connection that is made is that the waste from these organisms become nutrients that the decomposers again produce.
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secondary consumers
primary consumers
producers
decomposers
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effects of land conditions over time: [monoculture effects]
phase 1
diversified forest
phase 2
degraded forest
phase 3
monoculture farmings
phase 4
oil erosion
phase 5
abandoned
the diagram on the left shows a timeline of the effects of monoculture farming on a natural forest. the first phase is a natural forest that has been untouched. the next phase shows a degraded forest that is in the process of being cleared for monoculture farming. the third phase shows monoculture farming. over time, monoculture farming results in soil erosion which makes for weak farming conditions thus leaving the land abandoned.
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a Solution: Permaculture The three main components of the food forest farm is in the name itself: the food, the forest, and the farm. In addition, three key functions are served on this site: the community, the residential, and the production. The complex is divided into these three zones but are integrated by the forest garden concept which serves as the common component to each function. Each zone has its own forest garden ranging from private, to semi-public, to public. All the main greenspaces are above ground except for the conditioned spaces of the residentail and community spaces.
[1 canopy] large apple tree fruit or nut trees, tall nurse or pioneer species or simply currents or berry shrubs
[2 subcanopy] tomato plant lower plants utilizing some shade of the canopy plants
[3 shrub layer] spinach plant wide often habitat forming plants provide shelter and shade in sunny aspects [5 rhizosphere] garlic become nutrient pumps for often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of treesthe surrounding soil enhancing it’s fertility
[4 herbaceous layer] chive plant often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of trees
[5 rhizosphere] carrots become nutrient pumps for often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of treesthe surrounding soil enhancing it’s fertility
[1 canopy] large pear tree [3 shrub layer] fruit or nut trees, tall nurse or parlsey plant pioneer species or simply wide often habitat forming currents or berry shrubs plants provide shelter and shade in sunny aspects [4 herbaceous layer] clover plant often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of trees
[5 rhizosphere] lettuce become nutrient pumps for often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of treesthe surrounding soil enhancing it’s fertility
[4 herbaceous layer] chive plant often edible and medicinal plants grown on either sun or shade side of trees
companion planting + layering
companion planting + layering
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converting a monoculture farm [into a diversified forest] monoculture farming is the production of large amounts of a single crop as opposed to the production of various crops. this method of farming is accomplished by inputing chemicals and fossil fuels which creates a more vulnerable system that is prone to disease and pests. this method results in the loss of precious land and bio-diversity. the succession time graph shows how a monoculture farm that has been depleted of its organisms can be converted into a diversified forest by means of natural growth.
disturbance
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succession diagram
diversity
full grown forest
colonized by larger trees
colonized by small trees
colonized by shrubs
man-made disturbance [bare ground]
colonized by grasses
time
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Stacking in a Vertical Space
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a cultivated ecosystem permaculture involves ecological design which preserve genetic diversity and allow ecosystems to evolve under changing conditions. In this respect, essential life sustaining processes are maintained with clean air + water, atmospheric regulation and soil building.
[chickens] provide: • soil nutrients (manure) • eggs + meat • pest control for bananas [banana plants] provide: • fruit • fix soil against erosion • food for chickens (insects, pests, water)
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[acacia trees] provide: • windbreak protection • seed for chickens • mulch • fix soil against erosion
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the CommUNITY The community aspect of the site is a forest garden park that serves the public as leisure and recreation space. This space can be seen from the highway and will attract visitors both local and non-local. As mentioned earlier, the forest garden park is an exterio above ground space that contains compantion plantings that utilizes the concept of permaculture and the layered forest to dictate its organization. The entrance to the forest garden park is the common community vestibule. From this interior conditioned space, visitors can either take an outdoor ramp, interior stairs or an elevator to the second floor forest garden level.
view b spring season flowering plants
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the CommUNITY At the garden level, visitors will be able to pick and purchase the fruits and vegetables that are grown here depending on the season and the seasonality of the fruit and vegetable bearing plants. view b
An important aspect for designing the garden space was to research compantion planting or crops that are mutually dependent on each other spring season for growth and nourishment. The diagrams and perspectives demonstrate which types of plants are grown in this garden space depending on theflowering plants compatibility of the fruits and vegetables.
apples
view b ring season ering plants
pears
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view b summer season fruit bearing plants
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5 2
3
4
1
THE COMPLEX The comlex is divided into three distinct zones. The diagram below demonstrates the zoning and functioal spaces of each component. The facade of the production tower is made of several layers just as a forest garden is layered. First, the steel frame holds the sandwiched panels of the steel and glass together. The glazing is fastened between two layers of steel panels which compose an interlacing design and interesting skin system. This robust yet intricate skin acts as a structural system for the tower that eliminates the need for structure inside the tower, and thus allows for maximum amount of conditioned space. The third component of this site is the residential zone. These residences are organized as townhomes each with its own private food garden. Behind these gated gardens are community gardens which are semi-public spaces that are sold as individual parcels for food production.
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AEROPONICS + COMPANION PLANTING
double skin system
core
Aeroponics is the art of growing plants with their roots in air rather than in soil. The roots are intermittently spraying with nutrientenriched water which allows for precise control of the amount of nutrients that the plants receive. Aeroponics yields are higher than soil gardening.
aeroponic solution cystern aeroponic mist pipe free standing roots
permaculture crops mechanical + electrical cavity
cloth medium
By growing aeroponically indoors, we can create an environment that can be monitored and controlled electronically. The controlled environment allows food to be grown year-round, independent of seasons. While only one harvest a year can be grown conventionally, constant-yield growth gives 4-30 harvests a year, depending on the plant. Growing indoors greatly reduces the threat of pests and plant-diseases, eliminating the need for pesticides. Aeroponics requires an input of water with dissolved mineral salts, but it uses these resources very efficiently. In the aerofarm forest tower, each floor will have its own watering and nutrient monitoring systems. There will be sensors for every single plant that tracks how much and what kinds of nutrients the plant has absorbed. The block of program that encloses the core is the research monitoring area where agriculturalists will monitor and control the amount of nutrients sprayed on the roots of the plants. source: www.adciv.org/Food
solution chamber
The use of aeroponics with permaculture farming in the aerofarm forest tower poses several benefits. Aeroponics is used as a method of growing crops to yield more crops per square foot than soil farming. This method also helps to significatly lighten structural load of the vertical farm tower since the weight of soil and water has been eliminated. The only significant load that is apparent in the building is the load of the crops and their roots. The diagram below shows the layers of plants at the top (4th) floor of the tower. The diagram at the right illustrates all the crops planted at every other level of the tower.
apple tree
spinach chives garlic suspended roots
first floor:
corn
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climbing beans
cauliflower
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11 2
1 FOOD FOREST PARK 2 COMMUNITY FOOD GARDENS 3 PRIVATE FOOD GARDENS 4 AEROFARM FOREST TOWER 5 RAINWATER HARVESTING + GREENHOUSE 6 ENTRANCE VESTIBULE 7 LOBBY 8 COMMUNITY FORUM 9 RESEARCH CENTER 10 CLASSROOMS 11 FARMER’S RESIDENCES 12 FOREST CAFE 13 TAILGATE MARKET LAWN
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second floor:
third + fourth floor:
tomato
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carrot
pear
sunflower
peas
cabbage
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+0 Street Level 16 15
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The building’s form derives from the function. The forms are simple and functional. The aeroFarm tower’s skin is a double facade system that filters light and ventilation into specific areas for natural daylight that is needed for the growth of the forest farm.
1 COMMUNITY ENTRANCE 2 COMMUNITY LOBBY 3 COMMUNITY FORUM 4 CLASSROOMS 5 OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 6 ADMINISTRATION 7 KITCHEN 8 RESTAURANT 9 MECHANICAL 10 RESIDENCES 11 RESIDENTIAL GARDENS 12 PRODUCTION TOWER ENTRY 13 PRODUCTION TOWER LOBBY 14 STORAGE 15 WORK AREA 16 FARMER’S OFFICE 17 LOCKER ROOM 18 TAILGATE MARKET 19 TAILGATE MARKET LAWN 20 FOOD FOREST PARK 21 RESEARCH AREA 22 PRODUCTION GARDENS 23 COMMUNITY GARDENS
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+1 Garden Level
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1 COMMUNITY ENTRANCE 2 COMMUNITY LOBBY 3 COMMUNITY FORUM 4 CLASSROOMS 5 OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 6 ADMINISTRATION 7 KITCHEN 8 RESTAURANT 9 MECHANICAL 10 RESIDENCES 11 RESIDENTIAL GARDENS 12 PRODUCTION TOWER ENTRY 13 PRODUCTION TOWER LOBBY 14 STORAGE 15 WORK AREA 16 FARMER’S OFFICE 17 LOCKER ROOM 18 TAILGATE MARKET 19 TAILGATE MARKET LAWN 20 FOOD FOREST PARK 21 RESEARCH AREA 22 PRODUCTION GARDENS
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theConcept 22
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+2 thru +6 Tower Level
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OPEN AIR
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1 COMMUNITY ENTRANCE 2 COMMUNITY LOBBY 3 COMMUNITY FORUM 4 CLASSROOMS 5 OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 6 ADMINISTRATION 7 KITCHEN 8 RESTAURANT 9 MECHANICAL 10 RESIDENCES 11 RESIDENTIAL GARDENS 12 PRODUCTION TOWER ENTRY 13 PRODUCTION TOWER LOBBY 14 STORAGE 15 WORK AREA 16 FARMER’S OFFICE 17 LOCKER ROOM 18 TAILGATE MARKET 19 TAILGATE MARKET LAWN 20 FOOD FOREST PARK 21 RESEARCH AREA 22 PRODUCTION GARDENS
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[02] modern glasswork museum
professor g. spaw knoxville, tn fall 2012 integrations studio 573
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MUSEUM OF GLASSWORK knoxville, tn
[site] The site is located in downtown Knox-
ville Tennessee along Gay street and West Jackson Avenue. The site is currently an underutilized parking lot with the Gay Street viaduct running along the east side edge of the site. The area is in close proximity to the Old City’s (Knoxville’s entertainment district’s) shops, restaurants and residential buildings. This makes it a prime location for bustling business. [glazing]translucent glazingopaque glazingclear glazing The project was to design a museum on the 75’ x 125’ site with approximately 48,000 gross square feet. The spaces would comprise of approximately 12,000 square feet of exhibition, 18,000 square feet of educational studio spaces, approximately 5,000 square feet of assembly, 5,000 square feet of administrative spaces, and approximateky 3,000 square feet of retail and cafe spaces.
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CIRCULATION CORE
MAIN VERTICAL CIRCULATION
GALLERY SPACES
EDUCATIONAL STUDIO SPACESP
UBLIC SPACES
This particular design focuses on the art of glass blowing that houses about 18,050 square feet of glass blowing hot and cold shops and about 11,050 square feet of glass exhibition spaces. The design essentially divides the building by a courtyard. The division helps to segragate exhibition spaces from educational studio spaces.
[massing] The form of the building is
dictated by carving out the significant spaces that would create [1] outdoor spaces and [2] entrance spaces. The first and foremost move that was made was to carve out the atrium courtyard space that would also essentially divide the building into two areas. The second move would carve out the space for outdoor seating + patio for the restaurant space. The next two moves carve out spaces for the entrances on the ground and street levels
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START WITH 125’ X 75’ BLOCK
CARVE OUT OUTDOOR SPACES [COURTYARD + PATIO]
CARVE OUT ENTRANCE SPACES [GROUND FLOOR + STREET LEVEL]
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+7
GLASS STUDIOS + AUDITORIUM LEVEL
[program breakdown] education: 18,050 sf
+6
GLASS STUDIOS LEVEL
+5
GLASS STUDIOS LEVEL
+4
GLASS STUDIOS + GALLERY LEVEL
+3
RESTAURANT LEVEL
gallery: 11,750 sf
auditorium: 3500 sf restaurant: 4360 sf +2
ADMINISTRATION + GALLERY LEVEL
+1 RETAIL + GALLERY LEVEL [GAY STREET ENTRANCE]
0
kitchen: 1080 sf retail: 2700 sf vertical circulation: 7700sf
LOBBY + GALLERY LEVEL [PARKING LEVEL ENTRANCE]
administration: 4500sf
restroom: 2500 sf total: 56140 sf
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anchor points structural support system
[voronoi facade] The idea of the facade envelope
derives from the form and process of glass blowing. The secondary facade, which wraps in front of the primary facade, is organic and sculptural and is based on the concept of voronoi. The primary facade is composed of different types of glazing.
The secondary facade is comprised of ACM panels, or aluminum composite material [Alucabond brand] that have perforations of different sizes and shapes. These the size and shapes of the facade derive from the amount of light that is needed to pass through the facades. The diagram below shows how the primary facade envelope dictates the secondary facade. This concept is known as voronoi which is based on a set points in a plane that divide that plane evenly. Thus, the type of glazing [transparent, translucent, or clear glazing] dictates the number of points that will be set on the secondary facade system. Depending on the program and the amount of natural light that is needed, the primary facade will either have transparent, translucent or opaque glass. The areas that contain clear glass in the primary facade are also reflected onto the secondary facade. The perforations in these areas are much larger to allow natural light to filter into the building.
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FU_COLD FU_HOT FU_WASTE FU_TOTAL FIXT_CODE FU_COLD
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FU_COLD FU_HOT FU_WASTE FU_TOTAL FIXT_CODE
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FU_COLD FU_HOT FU_WASTE FU_TOTAL FIXT_CODE EDOCTSE
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ED OCTSE
ESTCODE
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EELD T D AO S T LTA C O OW _H C TT_XUIF EDOCTSE
[ground floor plan] 1 parking 2 sculpture garden 3 entrance 4 temporary glass gallery exibit 5 storage 6 fan room 7 telecom room 8 reception + coat check
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[03] agricultural expo center
professor h. goeritz knoxville, tn fall 2009 urban design studion 582
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site development at 10+ years
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As one of Knoxville’s most significant industrial buildings, the Standard Knitting Mill has made a mark on the city in many ways. Due to the economy and changing times. the building eventually ceased operations in the 90s. Now it has become one of Knoxville’s endangered historical buildings. The program for the building should be economically, environmentally, and culturally sustainable so that we can continue to improve the site, its surroundings, and the city. Our proposal integrates agriculture, and the gardening through leisure and business. The building’s key function that will attempt to bring revenue is the agricultural expo center. The center focuses on Tennessee’s abundant agricultural resources.
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[site] We are working on a site that was once one of Knoxville’s most significant industrial buildings during the early 90s. However, due to the economy and changing times, the site eventually ceased operations and was deserted. Now, it is one of Knoxville’s “fragile 15” endangered historical buildings. It is important that we try to develop a program that is economically, environmentally, and culturally sustainable so that we can continue to improve this site and eventually the city. The proposal integrates agriculture in business and leisure in one grand ‘green hub’. The building’s key function that will attempt to promote business and foster growth is the Agricultural Exposition Center. Here vendors, whose focus is agriculture and its methods, can rent spaces to set up areas where they can promote and sell their products. The expo center focuses on Tennessee’s abundant agricultural resources. This will attempt to bring revenue to the city and diverse business
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site development at 1st year
site development at 5-10 years
The site also proposes a botanical garden and conservatorium which will house local plants and bring together the community through tourism and entertainment while at the same time preserving wildlife.
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west elevation WEST ELEVATION
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This site is the first step in an attempt to create a bring a new kind of business to the city of Knoxville which could eventually revitalize the area. This new type of business will become a cultural business district that will serve artists and their patrons. There will be housing, shops, live work spaces, and entertainment centers that will make up this district. This will become a cultural hub that will provide a connection to downtown’s existing business district
east elevation
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second floor
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first floor
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third floor
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fourth floor
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[04] dwelling within a bridge
professor s. uddin arbitrary site fall 2006
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The idea of saving space by developing hybrid structures is very appealing these days. As architects we are continiously attemting to design new and exciting building structures and methods. This structure is a new type of multifunctional design that combines two completely different structures into one hybrid building. he concept was to create a studio residence for a single user that could also allow for pedestrian and some light vehicular traffic flow through the structure. I solved this by designing a rectilinear building that would be suspended from the top of the bridge frame so that there would be enough space for vehicles. One important aspect of the design was sustainability. The whole building structure is prefabricated in modules using recycled cargo shipping containers. The building is comprised of 17 containers each measuring 20’ x 8’ x 8’. The east facade also features a solar wall that serves both as shadig from the eastern sun and solar energy. This facade folds up and covers part of the building’s roofand also shades some of the west facade. Movable oversize shutters made up of wooden louvers not only serve as shading but also fold out to expand the building and become outdoor rooms.
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The structure’s non-existant site lets the users and designers to building this in any area. However we would want to build this where a bridge is really needed while using hardly any land and also avoiding contact with wildlife and nature. Choosing to design a dwelling within a fuctional bridge is an unusual approach since it is an attempt to design a private building within a very public circulation space.
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[05] jutemill bungalow
professor s. uddin jabbar, bangaldesh spring 2010
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This project was an extention and renovation of an old building designed for a client owning a jute mill factory in Bhairab, Bangladesh. The existing building was originally built around the 70’s and is a one storey, single family residence located on the jute mill site. It is used as a guest house for the owner’s family and friends. The design included renovating the first floor and making an additional second story which would have all the amenities for a small single family unit. The second floor is designed for a second family and allows for complete privacy from the first floor. This is possible with an existing staircase that is accessible from the outside of the building thus allowing little interaction with first floor interior. Both the second and first floors include bedrooms, kitchens, living, and dining areas, service areas and servant’s quarters. The second florr cantilevered addition also serves as a carportfor vehicle space underneath.
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“
“
Flair is a primitive kind of style. It is innate and cannot be taught. It can be polished and refined. When a person has flair, a grounding in the principle of design, and self-discipline, that person has the potential of being an outstanding designer.
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-Albert Hadley
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[other works] interior design penthouse interior dhaka, bangladesh facade design hospital facade dhaka, bangladesh
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[06] penthouse interior
professor s. uddin dhaka, bangaldesh spring 2009
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roof design
penthouse suite
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entrance
The premise for this project was to design the interior for a penthouse apartment in a 10 story apartment complex. The clients requested an open air modern plan with integrated open kitchen, bar, formal and informal dining rooms, living room and den space as well as a masterbedroom and two secondary bedrooms in about 1200 square feet of space. The design incorporates modern marble floors, granite countertops, and stone accent walls with curvilinear accent soffitts.
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entrance view to the penthouse suite top floor
master bedroom view Portfolio_Saleh_final.indd 59
dining room
view from den area
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[07] hospital facade
professor s. uddin dhaka, bangaldesh summer 2010
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The facade design for a medical college and hospital in bangladesh required ventilation and open spaces for the harsh dry and hot weather in dhaka, bangladesh. the concept for the design of the building facade serves literally as a ‘skin’ system that allows air ventilation just like the human skin organ. the louvers that comprise of this skin system allow air flow through the building and the structural system that holds the louvers in place mimick th body’s skeletal system.
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