The Grid by Sarah Robins

The Grid

by Sarah Robins

What are the boundries?

Published and Written by Sarah Robins Copyright Sarah Robins 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission of the copyright holder. Design and Art Direction Sarah Robins

What are the boundries?

Contents Introduction

Horizontal & Vertical Grids 01- 03 Summery on Horizontal & Vertical Grids

6 32

Diagonal Grids 04 - 06 Summery on Diagonal Grids

34 60

Curved Grids 07 - 09 Summery on Curved Grids

62 88

Mixed Grids10 -12 Summery on Mixed Grids

90 116

Conclusion

119

What are the boundries?

Introduction

This practical book will give designers of all levels the inspiration and knowledge, of how to create and use their own grid while producing interesting layouts.Through the experimental and playful style of the book it attempts to eliminate the intimidating and complicated appearance of the grid.The main aim of this book is to explore and document the versatility of the grid. Although this book concentrates on grid usage in books and spreads, the knowledge gained here can be applied throughout any layout design. Through the exploration of the grid it has become apparent that there are four different styles of grid.The different grid styles are based on the type of lines that are used to make up the grid, they are: Horizontal and Vertical lines, Diagonal lines, Curved lines and a mixture of any of the three.These grids would then be used in one of three ways; for an image heavy layout, text heavy layout or a combination of text and image.This means the grid style used will depend on the type of book or spreads you are working on. It is also important to consider the type of content the spreads will be holding, as the content will define the grid.The grid will need to be sympathetic and relevant to the content and the intended audience of the book.

Introduction

To explore the four different grid styles, this book uses12 different grids under four categories of; Horizontal and Vertical grids, Diagonal grids, Curved grids and mixed grids. In order to keep this exploration constant and fair each grid receives the same treatment by having three layouts for each that are; image heavy, text heavy and a combination of the two.To retain the continuity for through out the book the same content has been used for every layout, using the same word count for each spread that uses text and the same pool of images.The subject that is used is London zoo as it is a reasonably neutral subject that would appeal to most ages. This is to enables the emphasis to stay on the grid usage and form. At the end of each category chapter there is a summery to compare and analyze the out comes of each of the three grids used, in that chapter. Included with this book is a series of insets, of the 12 grids, printed on tracing paper, that enable the user to become interactive with the book, over laying the grid on the relevant page as they read through the book. On both the book pages and insets the relevant grid number will be in the top right hand corner.

Horizontal & Vertical Grids

What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 01

What are the boundries?

London

Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 01

In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo,Arizona in the world’s first international co-operative breeding programme. Today theZoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems. This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

London Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 01

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

What are the boundries?

London

Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 01

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems. This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 02

What are the boundries?

of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived.This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world’s first open zoological park.The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman. In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international cooperative breeding programme.Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species.

London

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 02

At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zooâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

Zoo

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

20 What are the boundries?

London Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 02

What are the boundries?

London

Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 02

In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international co-operative breeding programme.Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit..

What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 03

London 26

What are the boundries?

Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 03

It was believed that tropical animals could not survive outside in London’s cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when Dr Peter Chalmers Mitchell was appointed secretary of the Society. He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived.This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600-acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world’s first open zoological park. The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman. In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international co-operative breeding programme.Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

London Zoo

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 03

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

What are the boundries?

London Zoo ZSL was established by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1826, who obtained the land for the Zoo and saw the plans before he died of apoplexy later that year. After his death the third Marquis of Lansdowne took over the project and supervised the building of the first animal houses.The Zoo opened in April 1828 to fellows of the Society, providing access to species such as Arabian oryx, greater kudus, orangutan and the now extinct quagga & thylacine.The Society was granted a Royal Charter in 1829 by King George IV, and in 1847 the Zoo opened to the public to aid funding. It was believed that tropical animals could not survive outside in London’s cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when Dr Peter Chalmers Mitchell was appointed secretary of the Society. He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived.This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600-acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world’s first open zoological park. The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman.

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 03

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zooâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude

to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

32 What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 01

What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 02

What are the boundries?

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grid 03

Horizontal & Vertical Grids Grids 01 - 03

Summery on Horizontal & Vertical Grids Horizontal and Vertical Grids is the obvious starting point in this exploration of grids as historically this is where it all began and developed from traditional manual typesetting. Gird 01uses simply two columns, then we build up to Grid 02 uses which uses eight columns and then Grid 03 uses four columns with the introduction of four rows. All three of these grids use margins and a gutter to prevent text or other page elements being lost off the page. Generally these grids were straightforward and easy use as the horizontal and vertical lines helped keep the page balances and mimicked the horizontal nature of text. Some of the outcomes are a bit plain and limited for example on gird 01 there is not may options with in the grid to create points of interest in the page and retain continuity throughout the spreads. In grid 02 the increase of more columns offer more layout options such as different text box of image width.Then in grid 03 the introduction of horizontal lines helps to evenly balance out the page elements on the page. Grid 02 is the most successful grid in this chapter as it offers more options. However, a combination of grid 02 and 03 would be an ideal grid 03, as it offers the horizontal lines to help evenly divide the page but be careful not to use many horizontal lines, preventing the gird appearing as graph or mathâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s paper.

Diagonal Grids

What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 04

on nd Lo o Zo Z w SL h b o wa de efor obt s e p at e ain sta ho roje h th he ed blish th us ct e die th ed or e S es. T and third d o e la by q yx oc h su M f nd S Ch uagg , gr iety, e Z per arq apo for ir S Zo ar a & eat pro oo vis uis ple the tam er v o e xy f o ter op in thy ku idin pen d th of L la Zoo ord It t l d e g a e e ne 18 acin us ac ed b ns r an Raf o wa d 29 e. , o ce in uild do tha d s fle all utsid s b to b T ra ss A in w t a s M ke e elie th y K he ng to pri g ne ye w t in i p v i t o a u e se ch t n l e t s S r i t f pu ng oc an pe 18 th oo . A he p 182 en t a ell ind Lon d th bli G iet a cie 28 e k o fte la 6, b o ou clo ou wa o do at c t eo y nd s fi r n r t o rg wa t suc to rst ver his s ins t in sur t a s a s u nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ro h f a e s pir to es m pp nt co pic e h el an th id fu IV, gra no as A low ima e ed th of ajo oi il 1 ld al a n n a e n din nd te w ra s o l by o th r r te 90 we nim g. in d a ext bian f H pen e Z eo d s 2, w ath al am , r s e e g 18 R inc o h c bu wh o, ani ret en r a cou 47 oy t rg ere bri sat ar D nd ld th al Zo m ng ion y o r P so no e i o, any ng o f t et th t s an t m f t he er e ur d hri an he C y vi led ve y bu Soc hal wer ve d o to .T f ild iet me e ne his the ing y. H rs we w a s a e r d as a nim nd es n i als ign de st a o

38 What are the boundries?

m 60 any an 0- o w d i acre f the a o s n ( b pa pen bou 192 2.4 uild Zo rk. ed, gh 6 H km ing o The be t. In all 2) s. M w In as fir com 19 Far par itch Zo 196 Ev st w in 31 m k e ely o g t W , n to ll a br o,A 2 ‘ ls e h C m e n br ed riz ar Ch an e w hip ar the o e ee in on ol t s ee to or na o W no nvi din g a in At r t sa sm be ld’ de g p pro in th e’, a nA 7,0 th an a s fi W hip h o ged g r e o r cu rst ild sn f . gr am wo ra to 00 e am m rl bi ra o A ad Lo a ne an in an beg d a to pe n e nd w e m n ’ s i . B i n i r a n im vi o no ma ri m n es To fir or i a t s n t t zo al llag n, fo da t in yx th t b ls. ain ls; g he ol Pa e, r , y e t M o t e w o h w e wo s an a e f t ve th rn as Lo ogi rk e e s h n r a y l m en o C ea e nd cal t e 1 i 30 Zo on nt ba a f he re 19 on a t,T ny th st st 9 sp o l c to ec pa o- Ph as wh e er an 0s m e sp Z y th ies r t op oe an re ec oo ot e . icip er ni ian e ie , w he Z ate ativ x s o l de se in ith r co o s e A in vil in Lo ju lle ha d ap ltho or th nd st ct a e i u p o l o lo ca e ug ng cou n Z nde n c mos th use al, h th -n n o r 3 am t e os tr y o ,5 e to Z s o it m is v ed , s co 00 c a th oo f it ay as po uch uld als ptiv e p be s fin al t co to a w o ity ub ing an so lle ro s clo hen suff an lic c fac cial hav ctio o. an se it ere d ha ed pr e n w wo d in wa d d uns nge wit obl bee as th rk do 19 s a w uit o h c em n pa en e h , at nati 91, nno indl ably f att losu s. T on r t o in viro uge tem ons a s un ing cr itud re his e o f t th n ta p a we ce vi am e in co f he s e m sk t lat en o to llow ll o d th itor ped to a the ntri the Zo o b f e ts f e 20 m re bal d pu at L num sp nim 198 ute mai ’s th o sto anc the bli on b ace als 0s. d t n c Ce re rin e k D o s d er , nt sui g i its Zoo upp on s. H the ept ue t Z ur a ts b y. ble bu oo to or t oo owe Zoo in fo ildi ks, co in wo ver r ng an nt vis u , an s i i l im an d ta nue tors d al d c ke it be re o s ha ati n vio ng ur Diagonal Grids Grid 04

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40 What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 04

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Z ob SL h ta wa M e die ined s es th arq d t ta in e b uis of a he blish sp A ui of p lan e th ecie pril lding Lan ople d fo d by a e n s 18 o sd xy r S Zo Roy ow suc 28 f th own late the ir S o al C ex h a to e e t r t Zo tam op h tin s A fel fir oo ha o fo It en ar ct ra low st k t y an rd ou wa ed ter qu bia s an ove ea d R ke tsid s b to in agg n o of ima r t r. A saw affle p wa t e eli th 18 a & ry the l h he fter t s i e i n m s e p 29 t x, S o pr h he in do n L ve a a d th jo p o o ub by hyla gre oc use oje is d p 18 lic K cin ate iety s. T ct ea lan 26 wh e Z r re poin rs u ndo tha to ing e. r , p he and th s b , w Zo er oo or ted nti nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s t t aid G Th kud ro Z su th ef ho M o, e m , b gan s l 19 co rop fun eor e So us, vidin oo pe e th ore to itch an an ring isa ecr 02 ld ica din ge cie or g a op rvis ird W th ell d le y th ing tio eta , w we l a g. IV, a ty ang cc en ed An hip e n als d riv m n o r y he at nim nd wa uta ess ed zo im sn or o to ed any f t of n D her als in s gr n a to Lo olo al ade th env ne .Th o he the r P an c 18 an nd nd gic Pa v of isa we is w f th bu S ete d ou 47 te on al rk illag Lo ge r d a e ild oc r so ld th d Zo par op e, ndo d a esi s an ani ing iety Cha th not e m w g s e e . k o . T ne a n, ne ns ide a a H lm y su wa h d s b an w t a ls nd e er w r s E e fi , b ou d 6 o m ins out e se s M ere vive ve rs eco gh in 00- an pir in ncl t a itc a lyn t w m t. I 19 ac y ed to os bo he ll Ch om ing n 1 26 re of by the ure ut ll ee an th 93 Ha (2.4 the Ha o s o a sm to e 1 W ll F k b m pe f an b wo h ar m uild bur n, . e rld ips m, 2) ing g a â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s na ne pa s. cu fi de ar rk ra rst W to to r a op ild t t en he

42 What are the boundries?

nix oe ive Ph at in o er s t t -op ate len co cip t as nal rti os e , w io pa alm m yx at o s. d ca 00 or tern Zo ecie ha n 3,5 ld ian t in e sp o ctio er cou he ab rs th 30 Zo olle nd o as t Ar ’s fi y 1 a u o r c e an rld od ve th r st Z ch . s he ju n su roo e’, o . T o o’s lin e w e for 90 ot th do r y, to i h m Zo ses 19 ny , w on nt po aro n t m es e u o L u a ‘C na i gra m th ca Zo e he st oo in co ed t s e Z 62 zo ro ram of ain he th ty of ear er cies the -no 19 ri p og t r t m t to tivi d In o,A ing pr ing e n es pe in ng pa he to e p re e o s h l n s h l s f t ed Du ca ffe as Zo eed ing gin s; t s C he e or wa e o ut s. in su w , a br eed be al a f t re vil n n trib 80 pt so it 91 d br e im w o he e tio n o on 19 ke al en 19 we e th an tain ny yw an d lec ee c e ls o h in llo nc ts o a l a a w s At ,000 Bri . Ma n an ani co ve b . Thi n th nim e Z er, lose ons bal ing i for 7 in ls e m t i i a h v s a e s s r c t to ma s Ta va h m re to ce, t owe uld ona t to sto able , e i p e t is lso le su an b at t b th y a rob clo tude spa . H wo nd d em of r sui no om gh ma al p th tti ed ers o s a att k re w ou it ci i f a p b Zo r , as o . th l, an w o am m n sito rk t m ry Al ppea fin aced nge y cr nu ndo in vi wo huge ents entu a its f a bl or o r t its m C of eing ic ch uita visit at L po ue the iron 0th b bl ns g th up tin on nv 2 pu nd u dlin ced blic s con ke g e late a in un u o ta tin he dw nno l of p o t and crea in t a el o s, d ur sw e Z ook s an avio th b ng eh its uildi al b b nim a

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43 Diagonal Grids Grid 04

What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 05

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Z wa S by s L in es S th 18 ir ta ap e Z 26, St blish o op oo w am ed th f La lexy an ho for So e fi nsd la d ob d or cie rst ow ter saw tain Ra gr an ty, an ne th th ed ffle op ant guta pro ima too at y e p th s en ed n vid l ho k ear lan e ed a R an ing u ov . A s lan It w to oy d t ac ses. er t fter bef d f co as th al C he ces Th he h ore or Pe ld be i e pu ha now s to e Z pro s de he ab ter we liev r o bli te j a b ou C ath ed c t r i ex spe o o ect th die wa ring t a halm er tha o n 1 tin cie pe an the d aid 8 ct s ne d o s a ing ma er and t tr t of fu 29 b qu such d in sup hird th f the n id ma jor s M so opi nd y ag e w e n b ea ny reo itc th cal ing Ki ga as Ap r vis Ma wo as b or t uildi ins of t rga hell ey anim . ng & Ar ril ed rqu a 1 G Lo rld ou h o ngs pire he nis wa we al eo thy bian 828 the is nd â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s gh f L . M d an atio s re s c l r a a t i o g b fi on r . In on itc y m n pp al u e I cin or y to buil V, e. x, fel din Zo st o 19 do hel Ha als o of oin l ke ld n an Th gr low g o pe 31 n, a l als mb ut the te pt ot d e ea s of wa n d s n W u o i i b u in n n t d r s E zoo hi in en g Z to uild sec do r vi 18 Soc er k of t ve lo psn 1 vis o the ing ret or ve i 4 7 ety udu he lyn gic ad 92 ag o, s a ar y s u ou o th a e a 6 t p n n Ch l p e W H d a d e nd o ti sid e Z wa s, ee ark il all ne led n, w en f th l 1 e i oo s sm .T d A Fa w to h cl e 90 n L an he ni rm 60 n ere osu So 2, on . fir ma , n 0- ew m re cie wh do st l P ea ac e an s o ty en n wo ar r re r d y f . H D â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s m k o to W (2. esig thr the e s r an pe 4 Z e n iv to ne hip km s to ed.T oo t be d, b sna 2) m hi , a c ec de par any s ur om vil k to ato in lag r a g th e, tt e he

47 What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 05

r t n al e. g t o e d n ha othe h jus Zo s th ’, a len na i tion mm edin e s y a o it n lin a izo na ra re . ma s. Zo any o, w ndo uch aro x, w , Ar inter prog s in b cies t i s e o m o C o y ‘ e th est r Z in L tr y, al, ble 0s. 62 n or Zo rst ding ipate 0 sp e s o e 8 n 9 p r t s 0 a u . ix fi e c 1 3 ap l pr e 19 ivity 99 ne hes ecie co roo In rabia oen ld’s bre ar ti er 1 s a 1 ’ t g i A Ph or tive o p ov e the as C sp the oto oo anc in th cap dlin n h Z t e r a o w n p o n w n in i t e er Z fo of als; tain of th lse sed he its fi sure pt i dw ndo rs t th -op the mes g m ri e o of of clo s ke red t Lo isito pt co day am nin ani in B any ere ng-n t l e a v h r n s i To ogr pa use wit nima suff d th in ttem its eg 00 to ls. M ywh r lo b s r t a g l a d a e e o a a p n il ,0 e w in c face to also unc por rk, orin ima th t 7 cam anim en a dev o n p a o st an g e o u o At mos tion 00 e se ian cti e m bein itud Zo ann lic s its w f re for e l la lec 3,5 b an h l t o s l t co of t oo f at the wa pub inue ask ble t co der no Tasm , Z a o t f t s t i e va one the ge pac en ll o con ge suit un uld bat, s n u i e s o h a e h o c om th en t ch d w sw to e or w gh be uted lic pe ver, , a oo th m u m b 1 Z on nts e e o th av rib pu ra w 99 Al o h ont he ly c . Ho in 1 the take nme y. als his c to t itab ers se wed nd viro tur T ue nsu mb clo allo s, a en en D d u r nu uld ns ook ing th C an ito wo atio s b reat 20 vis oo on e it d c late Z d d lanc an the an ba ngs r in to ildi iou bu hav be

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48 What are the boundries?

o o Z

Diagonal Grids Grid 05

Z by SL w w Si as saw ho r Sta est ob m ab ye l th ar. A the tain ford ishe op e p fte pla ed Ra d su en roj r h ns the ffle & ch a ed ect is d befo lan s in IV, thyl s A in A and eat re d 18 an aci ra pr su h he for 26 d i ne bia il 1 pe the d th , It n 1 .T n 8 rv t ie e co was 84 he ory 28 ise hird d o Zo 7 t So x, to d t M f a o Ch ld w be he cie gre fe he a po an m alm ea liev Zo ty w ate llow bu rqu ple d a e t m jor er he d o as r k s o ildi is o xy a s r t ide ny re M a ha op gr ud f ng f n o t en an us the of La late bu a i of rg itch d t r s n o a ed ted , o S th nsd r t of ildin sp the nis ell o t pi to a ran oci e fi ow hat 19 Lo gs. ired an atio wa hey cal th Ro gu ety rst ne zo 31 ndo Mit by ima n s ap w anim e p ya tan , p a t Zo olo Wh n, a che H ls of t po ere al ub l Ch an rov nim oo lic ar d id al k o o gica ips nd ll a am out he int all s co wa l na in lso bu in b ed ke u to te th ing ho ve u p l d s E ar e 19 en rg to ild se pt d aid r in e n ac us r ve k. T W 26 vis Zo th ing cre ind no fun 18 ow ces es.T lyn h ild H ag o e s ta o t s din 29 ex s to he e , o u o a r e Ch fi An all d an pe nd y rs rv g. by tinc sp Zo o F r a ee st im ar n d l n, e f un ive Kin t e t n e a e m w sm w l P , w d c h ti o g G qua cies o an om ar ne 60 to her losu e So l 19 utsi g e . an k o ar 0- ne e m re ci 02 de or ga ge to pen to W acr we an s o ety. , wh in be ed h e (2 r d y t f th He en Lon a , be ipsn .4 k esig hriv e Z se Dr do cu co ad m n ed o t a P nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ra m e 2) s t . T o, bo ete to in vi p o r a g t lla ar m his brin ut r t t he ge, k t an wa gin a he w w o t y o s g Lo orld as b he n f th an nd â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ou or e on firs gh th t o t. I pe n n

51 What are the boundries?

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Diagonal Grids Grid 05

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What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 06

What are the boundries?

Sir , It y b 826 was e 1 d h e believ sh in for t re i l that tr ed b s fo r a d e t animals opical es affle lan ns b late e could n o t s h R the pla y t a s o u u r t vive s ide in w d d he plex ath wne cold Londo e r w L nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s e n ath t e o they w ere all er and so ZS amf btai aw apo is d nsdo and e u n t ke il Chalm 1902, whe pt indoors St o o nd s of r h La ect f th o ers Mit n Dr e j h f s e o a t c chell w P retary o pro g w o ed Af as app eter of the Zo s a ma ointed S Zo di ear. quis e ildin he llow s and en jor reorganis ociety. He s et at closure s of th ion of the b about of the he at y Mar r th e bu es. T o fe cces n e u a ildin n Z imals o o ut into o, bringing m gs th ird ove th ous 28 t g a bia n many t h any t rived he o th ok ised al h il 18 vidin Ara uta a by Ham . This was a pen, where n burg Z to perv nim Apr pro as rang agg s oo, an idea inspired design d led to , s a u a t u y o n o m n s st d i iet ch s, q w Mitche any of the bu ewer ll also ildings. fir ene Soc s su udu inct iety r in d env new 6 00-acr isaged a op the ecie ter k ext Soc arte , an e e (2.4 park of sp rea ow he Ch IV o th to the km2) n e nor g of Lo to yx, he e. T yal org ed t ndon, th o n in 192 and R Ge en or d t laci 6 Hall p a Farm, an thy d ng o o ng. i n ear to Whips nade & ante by K e Zo ndi w villag as gr 29 7 th id fu Whips bought. In e, n a d a e 8 Wild A 1931 1 184 to nimal P o ar c pened in bli , beco k ming u p

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be re e wh at, any omb n ew f see as th roo. r t o ch oto pa een p b l , su as tr y osed n w ave ancia o un co ng-n ctio so h fin Zo the r lo olle y al its he Due t f . a s o e in il o t c to 980s imal d els dev vas it m ses n d n , 1 s e nia thi peal cau bute the to a amp g p ain tr i in de cr dlin ma h n s u Tas ug s a n e o m y i t ’ o a r l i h t c o u b w Alt Zo the his clos of at suita d d it w se o u n f fe r e h e n l d c l o r s the e of s. T with nge d on blem ced c cha an o su er, w wou visit ue n p r o i n g f a u bl i t i v i t y a l s we v o o r t i n o n t i k s , Z po p ap oo o o c bo its be e Ho n c p t h o Z t u . d t o p t i n t h e b e r s L o n bl i c s Z o o i t s o r i n g o r e e ke c e , nu m t h a t f p u d t h e l a n c r e s t t s m a ba of en late s p i t o r c e d e l l o owe k m e o l vis noun , a sw ns al pt t e tas iron n th v an 91 tio em ug en ur i h a t o g t 19 i n d o n k , a t h e a t i n h av i d e a n wo r e o n d c r a l b e its d tak s an anim an ilding for y. b u t a bl e n t u r sui h Ce t 20

op fir s en z t o the woma ologic wor ld the ’ Che Lond n to b al pa s fi o r r In 1 esman n Zo e a cu k. Th st o w rat . or e or y 962 ‘C as x, w aro E vely at Ari l a i n s e n le z ’ inte ona in nt to P , an A r r h bre nation the w oenix abian edin a Z o l Tod co- r ld’s fi oo, ay t g o rs p in bre he Zo progr erative t op e for ar amm o din At ver 13 g pro ticipa e. t g t 199 he be 0 spec ramm es e g i 0 s alm s th inning es. e ost o the 7,0 Zoo f the had coll neare 00 a s e n Brit ction t any imals; a o c Zoo in wa ame ther t s o , Che in 3,50 with j ster 0 u s t a of nim u n d t al er Lon he don sp s. M Zoo ecie any cou s in ld

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55 Diagonal Grids Grid 06

What are the boundries?

n o L

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Diagonal Grids Grid 06

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What are the boundries?

n o d

n o L ZSL was established by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1826, who obtained the land for the Zoo and saw the plans before he died of apoplexy later that year.After his death the third Marquis of Lansdowne took over the project and supervised the building of the first animal houses. The Zoo opened in April 1828 to fellows of the Society, providing access to species such as Arabian oryx, greater kudus, orangutan and the now extinct quagga & thylacine.The Society was granted a Royal Charter in 1829 by King George IV, and in 1847 the Zoo opened to the public to aid funding.

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It was believe d that animals tropical could n surviv ot Londo e outside n in â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cold w and s indoor o they wer eather e all k s u ntil Peter Chalm 1902, whe ept appoin n Dr e rs ted se He set cretar Mitchell w a b y as out a m of the the bu S a il bringin dings and e jor reorganis ociety. nclosu g ma ation open, ny of the an res of the Z of where imals o oo, many t idea in hrived ut into the spired . This w by Ha as led to newer mburg Zoo, an and d e s of th e buil igns to man d y in g s. Mit also e chell nvisag e d a new 600-ac re (2 park to .4 km2) the n of L orth on and in don, 1926 Hall F Whips arm, near to bough nade village t. In 19 , 31 Wh was ipsnad e

Diagonal Grids Grid 06

wo r first ld’s fir Park Lon wom st ope opene W In 1 don Z an to n zoo d, bec ild A n o 9 l o b 6 o g lent 2 ‘C ical oming imal was e a a r p t E c wo o Ph oline vely urat ark. the r bre ld’s fir oenix ’, an Ar n Chee or at The edin st in a t s Z par g p ter oo, bian o man. he for ticipate rogramnation Arizon r yx, w a o At ver 13 s in br me. T l co-o a in th as p the e o 0 e d Zoo be spec ing day th erativ e e pro the had ginning ies. grame Zoo me cam neare almo of the s s s Zoo e to t any t 7,00 1990 i s n o , 0 anim wit Brit ther ani the a h Lon als. M just in wa collec mals; any don Z any o und s Che tion e f w suc here oo cou the s r 3,5 ster h dev as the else in ld not pecies 00 Alth il or lo wom the be see in b was ough ng-nos at,Tas countr n m e t y, h p d i a s it m r t o vast poto anian f a r t y of also he Z colle oo. t fina he m have oo’s ap ction n con cial ain ca been peal, u bein tribute proble ses o one f in t g face d to ms. T its h pub e 198 d with the Z his o lic c 0s. han Due closur o to animals kept in ge o to t e f att he captivity and unsuitably itud e cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 04

What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 05

What are the boundries?

Diagonal Grids Grid 06

Diagonal Grids Grids 04 - 06

Summery on Diagonal Grids These grids are all very different but all use diagonal lines and they introduce movement and an interesting original architecture to the page. Grid 04 uses lines similar to the horizontal and vertical lines used in grid 03 but the grid has been turned on a 45Âş angle similar to a Swiss style of design. Grid 05 uses a scatter of random diagonal lines disappearing off to what could be described as 2 different vanishing points. Grid 06 contains shapes created by diagonal lines arranged on the page. Overall, these grids proved difficult to use compared the horizontal and vertical grids, as when doing the layouts you constantly have to consider where the text or other page elements were being placed to ensure they werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t being lost off the page on into the gutter.These grids have produced some interesting outcomes and sets of spread with a good sense of rhythm. Grid 04 was the easiest of the three grids in this chapter to lay elements out on, as although it is on a 45Âş angle it can be used in a very similar way to laying elements out on horizontal and vertical grids. However, the other two grids 05 and 06 were slightly more difficult to use, as every spread you have to customize every single text or image box, as they were all different sizes and shape.The layouts produced from grid 05 have produced some of the more effective layouts, as they are more energetic and playful while retaining the continuity throughout the spreads. On contrast the layouts produced from grid 06 seem to waste a lot of space on the page and there very limited options when it comes to laying out page elements.

Curved Grids

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 07

What are the boundries?

o o ondon Z

It was believed that tropical animals could not survive outside in Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when Dr Peter Chalmers Mitchell was appointed secretary of the Society. He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived.This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600-acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first open zoological park.The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman.

Curved Grids Grid 07

In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international cooperative breeding programme.Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat, Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 07

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What are the boundries?

ZSL was established by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1826, who obtained the land for the Zoo and saw the plans before he died of apoplexy later that year. After his death the third Marquis of Lansdowne took over the project and supervised the building of the first animal houses.The Zoo opened in April 1828 to fellows of the Society, providing access to species such as Arabian oryx, greater kudus, orangutan and the now extinct quagga & thylacine.The Society was granted a Royal Charter in 1829 by King George IV, and in 1847 the Zoo opened to the public to aid funding. It was believed that tropical animals could not survive outside in London’s cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when Dr Peter Chalmers Mitchell was appointed secretary of the Society. He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived.This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600-acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world’s first open zoological park.The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman. In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international co-operative breeding programme.Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat,Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

Curved Grids Grid 07

o o London Z Ca

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What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 08

What are the boundries?

by ZS for 1826 Sir L w , b S a tha efor the who tam s es e Z f ta M o o t o pro arqu year. he d o an btain rd Ra blish i ed ed is ed d ffl je A th of saw the es in Ap e firs ct an of La fter acc ril 1 t an d s nsd his d apop the land ku ess 828 ima upe own eat lexy plan & dus, to sp to fe l hou rvise e to h th late s Ch thyla oran ecie llows ses.T d th ok o e th r Zo arte cine guta s suc of th he Z e bu ver ird o o r in . T n a h a oo ildin the s eS h pe ne 1829 e S nd th Arab ociet open g of o dt o t by K ciety e no ian o y, pro ed in he ing wa w ex ryx, vidin pu G gr s g t e bli c t orge gran inct eate oa q r id f IV, a ted uagg a R a un nd din in 18 oyal g. 47 the

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Curved Grids Grid 08

n he w e , d tsi 02 ou il 19 set e e nt viv ur ors u ty. H s e t i no indo Soc oo, uld ept the e Z o c h k als e all y of of t s an Although this vast collection was m i r r s n e e ta wa al a ey w ecre losur his ngs. part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may c i also have been one of the main op th d s nc d.T ildi t tr d so inte nd e hrive e bu d in causes of its financial problems. a h an po a y t th an t al n, ed er ap gs an of liev eath was uildin re m any ondo Anim r This contributed to the Zoo being e b o e faced with closure in the 1980s. as ld w hell e b wh to m of L ild rat tI w ’s co Mitc of th pen, igns r th de W a cu Due to the public change of o a e s n do ers tion the o r de he n ipsn to b attitude to animals kept in n l t e h a n lm sa o Lo on r captivity and unsuitably i in Cha rgani t int new rk to 1 W oma t u to r a 93 w na ve o cramped space, the ter for o ete r re als o led 2) p In 1 first n P i rst mes Zoo also suffered Dr majo anim , and .4 km ught. .The fi y a f the Zoo e (2 bo park an ls. ld’s gram r t t r o s a e o g c a al w ro ou res ab any bur 00-a ge, w logic ea anim in th he ing p t n m 6 m n 0 o i ed dwindling a w villa zo the ,50 lse ing H na ls; er 3 re e ng d by a ne ade pen zo n bre i visitor numbers. i a r r b ire ed sn t o i nim t und whe o,A ates g hip firs . a However, when it was p o a s y s s i 0 Z n a in env to W rld’s sman ix r ticip ,00 ith ju en a ngannounced that London e n 7 o d e i lso ar lo o w hee pa , w se st a Zoo would close in 1991, Ph oo mo Zoo t be il or l ell m, ne g the n C o t a Z h t he er no dev tc ar min vely d n i a swell of public support in t a e s l t M ll F co h d as day sE o Che coul nian a be a visitors and donations allowed w o , H s o a w , e Z n wa Zoo asm r yx me.T 26 ed o h the Zoo to continue its work, o t i T 19 pen n Zo n a , s n o do bia gram 90 Brit ndo bat attempt to balance its books, k a 9 r r n o Pa Lo e 1 to in in Lo wom n A g pr h and take on the huge task a e , t ’ e n i th of cam cies the line reed at of restoring its buildings and g o s e . r n a i n p o ‘Ca tive b es. inn ectio the s uch toro creating environments more g 2 i e f b oll 96 ra ec y, s o suitable for animal behaviour he her c any o untr sed p In 1 -ope 0 sp t co 13 At ot M co no in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 08

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What are the boundries?

by 1 ZS S b for 82 yea efore the 6, wh ir Sta L was of he Zoo o ob mfor esta La r. Af s an tain d R blish hou uperv nsdo ter h died fell ses ised wne is de of ap d saw ed th affles ed .T in e at op su ow to th the ch as s of th he Z e bu ok o h the lexy the p land v ildi thi late lans no Ara e S oo gr n er and anted w ex bian ociet open g of the rd M r that th pro arq in 1 a R tinct oryx y, pr ed 847 oya qua , gr ovid in e fir ject uis It w the l Ch gga eate ing a Apri st an and Lon as b e Zo arte & th r ku cce l 18 ima d wh on’ liev d oo s l 2 pen r in 1 ylacin us, or s to s 8 to He en Dr s cold ed th a e p s a 8 t P e w . e n 2 Zo et a ete dt tro ea o t 9 by The S gutan cies wa o, brin bout r Cha ther a pical h o K e a s l pub ing ciety and the an id ging m majo mer s nd so anima G lic to eorg was of build ea in any o r reo Mitch they ls cou Lon ing r e a s w f g l id f e IV Wh do s. M pired the anisa ll was ere d no und , a n t i a t n i t b a p i ing The sna , and chell y H imal on o ppo ll kep sur v d s a . i i

ft nt a v t e m in o t w Wild 192 lso en burg ut int he bu ed se indoo e out 6 sid c o v o A i rs Z ld r is ma In n to nimal Hall F aged oo, a the o ings a etar y until e in 196 n p inte 2 ‘C be Par k arm, a ne d le en, nd e of th 190 r e ac w 6 d t wh 2 n pro natio arolin ura open near 00- o n ere closu Socie , e’, t gra nal t e o m r e o t a d e y. w r c an s mm co- an at t , bec Wh re ( er ope Ara ipsn 2.4 des y thr of the h es o e m b iv for At r Lon ing ig a k ove ative ian o th don the de vil m2) p ns to ed.Th r 1 bree r yx, is the e be l a a m Zo wo g 30 gi o w r ld’ e, wa r k to any o spe ding p was l Ch neare nning s th s as E f e fi cie es st o s. rogra nt to vely r st o bough e nor the ter Z any f the p m t n t P e me oo h 19 ot Ch n zo . In h s .To oeni 1 ees any pecies , with her c 90s t day x ma ologic 931 h wh o i j Z e n u l n l t al p o he . the ere Lon st un ectio Zoo Zo o, Ar ar k wo else don der n c had o i . z o m a p Z 3 i lon n m n a b , a o a r tic o c 500 e t lmo g-n at,Ta the i n i p o o st a ose c ate the s s in d p mania ountr uld no nimals in Br 7,00 w oto itai 0 an n d y, su t be . M bre or ld’ n a roo evil e i ch n m s din s fir s w y e als; en . or as of as g t fir s

Curved Grids Grid 08

Although this vast collection was part of the Zooâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems. This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 09

What are the boundries?

It was believed that tropical animals could not survive outside in Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cold weather and so they were all kept indoors until 1902, when Dr Peter Chalmers Mitchell was appointed secretary of the Society. He set about a major reorganisation of the buildings and enclosures of the Zoo, bringing many of the animals out into the open, where many thrived. This was an idea inspired by Hamburg Zoo, and led to newer designs to many of the buildings. Mitchell also envisaged a new 600-acre (2.4 km2) park to the north of London, and in 1926 Hall Farm, near to Whipsnade village, was bought. In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first open zoological park. The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman.

Curved Grids Grid 09

L o n n Z d o

In Pho 1962 co eni ‘C par -oper x Zooarolin 13 ticip ative ,Ariz e’, an 0 s ate br on pec s a Ar e ies in beding in the abian At . ree pro wo or alm the din gra rld’ yx, b o g p mm s fir wa e s col t 7 gin rog e. T st in s le n l Zo ection ,000 ing o ram oda tern nt o me y th atio to of , with cam anima f the s f e Z nal the ju e t ls; 1 or not sp st o the 990 oveoo u s i n e n n b c t r cou e se ies der Brit eare he ntr en in L 3,50 ain st a Zoo y w Tas , s an on 0 a a ny m uc yw do n s o had nos anian h as here n Zoimals. Chest ther ed e o M e po devil the lse i cou any r wo n t ld tor o oo r . lon mbat, he Although gthis vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems.This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

L o n n Z d o

Captions: Illa commy num accum eu facin volore vullute magna faciniatinit adipismodiam.

Curved Grids Grid 09

What are the boundries?

o o London Z

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Curved Grids Grid 09

Lo ne the to Ha ins villa ndon w 60 build newe mbu pired Pa ge, , an 0-ac ing r d rg Z by par rk op was b d in 1 re (2. s. Mitc esigns oo, an wa k.The ened ough 926 4 km hell a to m d led H sE vely first , beco t. In 1 all F 2) par lso en any o n C wom min 931 arm k to visa f In 1 hee an g th Wh , nea the ged Zo 962 sm to e w ipsn r to no a an. be r bre o, Ari ‘Caro a c orld’s ade W Whip th of l z i e n o ura firs bre ding na i e’, a sna i l d n t n t edi pro th A or d r ng at t open Anim e pro gram e wor abian he zoo al At m L l g ram e.T d’s fi or yx ond log 7,0 the be on ical me oda rst , wa 00 i y g Zo n s s i t for the ern len nni to a o n ove Zo ati t to in B ima ng o o o l r P ani rita s; th f th n 1 h a p 30 o l m i e spe ar ticip co-op enix not als. M n was e nea 199 cies ate era any Ch rest 0s th b e s . as t see of est an in tive y eZ er h t n nos e wo anyw he sp Zoo other oo ha ed mba he ecie , wi co d a po t,T re e s in th ju llec lmo tor asm lse Lo st tion st oo ani in t ndo und cam Alt . an hou dev he co n Zo er 3,5 e il o unt o co 00 wa gh th r lo r y, s uld s p is v ng- uch ar t ast app of th colle e c eal , it m Zoo tion ay ’s also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems. This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 07

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 08

What are the boundries?

Curved Grids Grid 09

Curved Grids Grids 07 - 09

Summery on Curved Grids Generally, curved grids are very difficult to work with due to the nature of type.Type is traditionally set on straight lines whether it is on a horizontal, vertical or diagonal line.This means that the introduction of curves creates some problems, as we saw thought-out this chapter. Grid 07 uses wavy curved lines mimicking vertical columns and horizontal rows. Grid 08 uses simple curved shapes interlocking and over lapping one another, offering the opportunity to pick and choose which part of the shape is shown. Grid 09 uses curved shapes on the page in a similar way to the shapes used in grid 06 in the previous diagonal chapter, these shapes are individual boxes for the page element to fit in as not of them over lap in anyway. The outcomes of these curved grids are quite playful, and have a very soft feeling.They possibly would not appeal to an older audience, the energetic layouts would be more suited to a younger audience looking for lively new imagery.The layouts for grid 07 work well as it had been influence by the repeated lines used in rows and column grids, and each line is sympathetic to one another. As a result of the repeated wavy lines all the content flows together well. However, the content was difficult to layout, this is due to the text of image boxes having to be customized for every page element, which was very time consuming. Grid 08 was slightly easier to use as there are less lines to consider encouraging the to outcome to be more inventive. However, there does seem to be a lot of wasted space on the page and the grid is quite rigid to use, with not that many possible outcomes, so not really as versatile as a grid could be.

Mixed Grids

What are the boundries?

Mixed Grids Grid 10

What are the boundries?

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96 What are the boundries?

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In 1931 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park opened, becoming the world’s first open zoological park.The first woman to be a curator at the London Zoo was Evelyn Cheesman. In 1962 ‘Caroline’, an Arabian oryx, was lent to Phoenix Zoo, Arizona in the world’s first international co-operative breeding programme. Today the Zoo participates in breeding programmes for over 130 species. At the beginning of the 1990s the Zoo had almost 7,000 animals; the nearest any other collection came to in Britain was Chester Zoo, with just under 3,500 animals. Many of the species in London Zoo could not be seen anywhere else in the country, such as the wombat, Tasmanian devil or long-nosed potoroo. Although this vast collection was part of the Zoo’s appeal, it may also have been one of the main causes of its financial problems. This contributed to the Zoo being faced with closure in the 1980s. Due to the public change of attitude to animals kept in captivity and unsuitably cramped space, the Zoo also suffered dwindling visitor numbers. However, when it was announced that London Zoo would close in 1991, a swell of public support in visitors and donations allowed the Zoo to continue its work, attempt to balance its books, and take on the huge task of restoring its buildings and creating environments more suitable for animal behaviour in the late 20th Century.

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the h at de vised s i r h 28 , the fter supe il 18 oryx ty aw .A d pr n cie d s year t an in A rabia e So oo , n 6 a c 82 oo that roje ned as A e.Th he Z 1 e Z t p s in the later the o op such lacin 847 y d e y e affl or s o r y 1 h the h e t e s x i Z f i o n i bl d R d ple ov e ec & L ds e an of th ny of ZS esta for e lan apo ook s.Th o sp agga , and r t u t se f s a o m h IV the y wa r Sta ed t ied o wne hou cess ct q rge ea retar ing m led t he 1 w n i t 93 o al S ain d ac ti eo ld ec ing d co ted s o, br o, an rk to . In 1 pen by obt e he ansd nim ding w ex g G s â&#x20AC;&#x2122; n i r f L t a vi o o Zo pa ht t o he o on in nd appo the Z urg m2) boug â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s firs r at t n. wh befo is o firs , pro he n by K o a L ns rqu he ty d t 29 in was s of amb 2.4 k was orld rato esm e e ( u , l H l w e pla Ma of t ocie n an n 18 d r y re ge e a c h tsi he su rd lding he S uta er i ng. ou Mitc nclo red b 0-ac villa ng th be lyn C i h e i g t t e i i o e i t u 0 e v b s of oran har fund r vi mers and insp w 6 snad com an t s Ev u e s a e a l th llow us, yal C aid ot Cha ings ide a n hip d, be wom o w n d d W d n t e o l o to fe u uld er ui s a ge to en rs Z to ter k d a R blic co r Pet he b s wa nvisa ear k op he fi don s l t i a a te pu .T n e ,n r im en D n of d.Th also arm al Pa park Lo n gre gran the a h o e F i l l l l v t l m a i s o ica 2, w isa hr he al ni ic wa ed t op 190 rgan ny t Mitc 26 H ild A olog r t a s. t il 9 o zo en tha s unt or re re m lding in 1 ade W op d d n j r e he ui a o v b an s elie indo t a m en, w the don, hip b f t W p u s n o o a ep bo o It w all k et a o the many of L re e s nt o th we ty. H out i gns t nor cie ls esi So nima er d a w the ne

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oal c es. n o i at eci tern 30 sp n ain i t 1 Brit firs over n i s ’ e to ere orld for e w mmes cam anywh h t n ctio en gra a in olle be se zon ng pro i c r r di o, A the not ial Zo n bree anc nimals ny o could x i n a i fi n t its tes oo res to a hoe s of itude t was Zoo nea don Z o P r ticipa e t e s t i t h u g e n n t t a pa als; in Lo roo. in c ge of a r, when wed th creatin as le Zoo a m i w s , m an an cie oto nd the he r yx allo h eve ,000 he spe sed p n o oday of t ublic c . How tions dings a 7 a i e t b t T n s l a f p no o o rs e. ra ui on alm any o r longeen to the numbe and d ng its b an A gramm d , b ’ a M e e i o h . e n pro u als evil ors tor tor hav oo roli lso 980s. D ing visi in visit of res e Z 0 anim nian d ‘Ca eding a h 2 t y l 6 a k t s re 9 m e1 or ind tas r y. 3,50 sma 990 In 1 ative b al, it e in th ed dw c supp huge entu e 1 under bat,Ta e r h p r C t i e r su th of ust ffe the ubl op s ap om oo’ ith clo also su ll of p ke on late 20 ning , with j the w Z n i e w e a g sw be Zoo ch as dt oo ed f th the u r the r t o ing fac , the Z 991, a oks, an our in a p At heste ntr y, s 1 e e o havi C was o b pac e in ts b ou ion he Zo ped s ld clos lance i mal be was the c t c in am ou ot ba olle ani else st c uted t ably cr oo w pt to le for a v em itab his nZ trib suit gh t is con nd un ondo rk, att re su u o o o L h a Alth ems.T tivity d that e its w nts m e p l u e a b c n m pro pt in c noun conti viron an en ke to

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, e s he Sir 26 e ied he t wa d by in 18 for th he d eath t rojec es.Th ing and t r in ing. L s p S d s e e i d d n e Z lish affl lan for his the hou rov uta har te fund l g r e be r ab R C id ,p est ford ed th lans r.Afte k ove anima ciety , oran oyal to a p o s R n a o lic m i t S u e s e a b a a o St obt w th at y ne t e fir f the kud ted e pu ’s r n h th w th o a o on er nd eter majo wh and s later nsdo g of lows great as gra d to t o L P l n , a a i y e r o e h w x L x t in te Zo ople is of build 8 to f n ory ciety open de hen D abou ny of i s t e u p 2 ia o o h a by o ou , w set all of a Marq ised t ril 18 Arab he S e Zo ive 1902 . He ging m pired ell als 26 H rk T p v . h v d s r t e r y r s A a h thi supe d in uch a lacin 847 t su until ociet o, brin ea in . Mitc in 19 al P a o y s 1 e m n s e d i S d s h i and open ecies a & t nd in uld door f the he Zo s an ilding n, an ild An to b o c o n a a p g n t o u i o s , g als pt ry of is w e b nd W ma Zo ss to t qua rge IV d’s nim all ke creta sures d.Th of th of Lo snade st wo c e a o c n orl s in l e i e e r h a e p y o s t i w v ac ext g G l r fi c i i h he an nor he te op we ted enc thr in w in t r ticipa t tr they poin and any s to m the 931 Wark.T no by K a a h n t so s ap ngs re m sign k to In 1 al p 29 izo pa i . ed 18 ,Ar Zoo iev r and ell wa build , whe er de ) par ught ologic an. l o e 2 e Zo the as b ath itch the pen new km s bo n zo esm nix oday e It w ld we ers M ion of the o d to (2.4 e, wa ope Che o Ph e.T co alm nisat into nd le -acre villag first elyn to amm t Ch orga out oo, a 600 ade orld’s as Ev n r e as l prog re imals rg Z new hipsn e w o w w , g u o h s n a x t n i a mb ed o W ng n Z e. ory reed speci n Ha visag ear t comi ndo a b abi e 30 en rm, n d, be he Lo Ar erativ ver 1 n Fa ene r at t a e’, -op r o op rato olin nal co es fo r u a m c 2 ‘C tio m 96 terna rogra 1 In st in g p fir eedin br

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s als; as e der oo 990 e 1 0 anim n cam just un don Z y, such . h t ay is of ,00 ctio ith on ntr roo l, it mms.Th e to ning most 7 r colle oo, w ies in L e cou poto a n i e g l h p e a he ster Z spec e in t osed ap oble . Du ably n he b had y ot s ooâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cial pr 1980s unsuit Z At t Zoo est an as Che of the ere el r longe f th finan the and ers. the near ain w Many nywh evil o r t o of its sure in ptivity numb lose a the in Brit imals. een a nian d p as ca or ses clo ld c to 00 an t be s asma n w in cau with ept in g visit wou o i t T o 5 , , n o k d a c i t l 3 uld n ba ns e o e s coll f the m ing fac nimal dwind don Z onatio ce its t co wom s be to a red Lon d d alan s is va ne o the h th een o e Zoo ttitude o suffe d that tors an pt to b uilding g u o a b th b e m isi als Alth have ted to nge of Zoo nounc r t in v rk, atte ring its imal o a e n o u s o l o a ntrib lic ch e, th as a supp ts w rest for an co pub d spac n it w ublic inue i sk of itable the mpe r, whe ll of p cont uge ta re su cra weve a swe oo to the h ts mo tury. Ho 991, the Z e on nmen Cen in 1 wed nd tak nviro e 20th allo oks, a ting e he lat bo crea r in t and haviou be

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Mixed Grids Grid 12

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o o Z n

r fo is d h lan r d e fte vise s h w t A d ar. per llo us, ia ne t ye su to fe kud d a t a d e e ob r th t an 828 ater ant o th r o t e e c g 1 h t e l r , w xy la roj pri yx, g was ned 6 p A r e 2 e 18 pl e in o ty op ni apo r th ed ian ocie oo s f ve en ab S Z ffle o o p Ar he e Ra died ook oo o as e. T 7 th t h n 4 rd fo he ne he Z suc laci 18 e m a r w T s y in St efo sdo ses. ecie & th nd r Si s b an ou sp a V, a by plan of L al h to uagg ge I d s r he e is im es q o lb is th rqu t an acc inct Ge ta aw a rs g xt g es d s rd M e fi idin w e Kin s n i h v y wa a th f t o no b L Zoo he g o y, pr he 829 S Z e h t ldin iet d t 1 g. th eat ui oc an r in din d e b e S tan r te fun th f th gu ha id o ran l C o a o oya ic t R ubl p

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, f t ing the 000 any in ith y o no tr y r ig nn 0s t 7, est e to o, w an uld oun vil o be 99 os ar am Zo s. M co e c de f he e 1 alm e ne n c ter imal oo th ian t to n r At f th had ; th ctio hes an on Z se in man pa bee ial o oo als olle s C 00 nd el as s c a Z nim r c wa 3,5 Lo re at, T w ave nan Zoo s. e n h la e r n fi a b . i h h n e tio so ts he 80 o ot ritai und cies nyw om roo pic in lec y al of i o t e 19 de t bly l rt o de ere r B st pe a e w oto t h u a d co a s i ju e s een th p st it m use ted in t attit suit ere er, at ts w te f a th e s as sed , th ou hey r Pe y o n v u n f is eal n ca trib ure of d u suf wev on f b ch -no d ive o t D tar atio ing h p e t e e s g y su ng p i n s g n o o d o v v gh ’s a ma co clo han ty a als H Lon ell ns lie sur nd s hen secr gani rin an o, o l u e o o e is h c vi o s. t o b r , b m o s. a w lth Zo f th . Th wit blic apti Zo ber tha a sw nati its s not er 02, ted reo oo ere rg Z ing rk a A s e o o Z h u ild pa r w d ath 9 in r w th ne lem aced e pu in c , the num ced 91, d d ue , It oul we til 1 ppo majo f the en, amb bu 2) nea e b f 9 n n s n t h o e t 1 c ld un a ro ing o kep ac tor ou n rs a nti ook p H the km m, nad st o p a s o s i n o t p i a t es e by f .4 ar s r al co s be ue als d s vis an se isito c its b of im n’s oor ll w bou sur th ed y o e (2 all F hip d’s fi ator s e v to e sk o n D m l g a n i l o o p a do nd he a cl nt pir a cr H W r ur n m lin w c in o anc ta nd a o i 1 a c i t c n m t s l a d n a d - 6 3 it e cr win n it oul por Zo ba uge s s Lo ept M e s nd e out a in to 600 192 19 he w be a t h ing nt o n e k t n e s d s p t w e s I a e l r H . d n n . l t wh oo ic su th mpt the uild nme al all lme ty. ngs ima an i esig new d i ght ing n to an s fir s . a i n a e m m a n a u i Z ubl ed tte on b iro im e a d d s a o w c Ch So buil he was er ged on, s bo bec wom hee p llow k, a e its nv r an te ,x r ld’s mm ng t is ew isa nd a , st C e fo la y i a a or tak g e e o r r f d o w og ee n th f th y o . Th n nv Lo e, w ned fir lyn e e i w d r r n to ng itabl n th n he p br o an ed to o e of llag pe he ve a a i i s i m riv led l als th vi k o k.T as E re eat e su ur ur y. ab in t ding in r r th nd hel nor ade Par par w o r A a ee s c o vi ent a itc e sn al cal oo r te s. n m eha C n b a M th hip nim ogi n Z zo ve ipa cie b 0th , i ’ r e A ati tic pe to W A ol do 2 n i l r s to ild zo on ro oo, per pa 30 a W pen e L o 1 ‘C Z o t th 2 nix l co Zoo ver 6 a o 19 hoe iona e for In P nat th es m to ter y in oda r am T rog p

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st e’, as ad lin x, w oo, ’s fir ve y ing s. , s o r ry Z ld ati da d cie o h ther Zoo ecie e a o e r r o o C e x o ‘ e i o e T r Z r sp els 62 bian oen e w -op me. in b 0 sp he t any este the ere n t 9 3 h a h 1 o s h f a In n Ar to P in t al c gram ates er 1 90 res C o wh ni a nt ona tion ro icip ov 19 nea was any any asma e le riz na g p art for th he in s. M en t,T e A ter din o p es of als; t Brita imal e se ba f th of s g in ree Zo m m b o n n i n m o i t i t a m n n r e hi b e ra o gin 0 a e to ,500 ld n the woo. e pa on ms.T th rog d he y e s r 0 b ,0 am r 3 ou as or a en le ith hang p fo r t lex d e t w e b 7 c c e h m c w n e b ro d lic d fere ta d fo pop f t t ost tion und oo such d po o i f p S e v t n A b u c a l c Sir lan of a is o the pril h lle h cia fa pu y a s it se almollec just on Zntry, nose co also nan eing the tivit also hen clo and rk, by the ied arqu sed in A s suc nct d h c u t g t n i d p s d e ed d M vi d ie ti in w Lo e co lon va ay its fi o b to ca Zoo er, w oul rs wo lish tain he ird per ne pec ex ter e in th l or his l, it ms of Zo Due pt in the wev o w visito e its the g t ts ab ob fore e th d su ope to s now har o th in evi gh ea se the s. ke e, o o in u n tin e o e C t d ou app cau to 980 als spac rs. H on Z ort ontin ke o crea as , wh ns b th th ct an Zoo cess the yal ed h w e t 1 o l n d c id L 26 pla ea je he a n R e A oo’s main uted the anim ed mbe ond upp to c d ta and al p u L s n uts ors ZS 18 the his d pro es.T ding tan a ed a o op Z b i n e o t d of h ntr re i de o ram or n that ublic Zoo ks, a ings anim. in w er the us ovi gu nt o e o t e s t v d i n c Z o a t er ho pr an gr e t ld r y o a e u n i i f v u i n p e o s c s o i y s d i t fl r l f A l , r lo atti tab g vi nce ll of d th ts b s bu le fo ntur su ept ppo nisat f the idea c Ra and ear. k ov ima ciety s, o was 7 th t i t i of nsu dlin nou swe we ce ing i itab Ce o t y o n o du y 84 no ll k s a ga o n y u win an , a allo alan or e su 0th ld re a ll wa eor any as a man Zo tha e to rst a he S r ku ciet in 1 u r r n fi t e o d d as 91 ns b est or e 2 co we che jor ng m his w to (2.4 , s al te dow the s of reat he S , an w 19 atio t to of r s m lat l i y t s i a e a g T e n m . r f V in on p sk nt the ns g o llow yx, g e.T e I im o th rs M a m brin ved esig -ac Far ade a n g n L in fe or cin r . d ttem ta me in l a d s lme out oo, thri r d 600 all psn pe a a uge ron ur iu ld to an yla Geo ing c i e H i n o b a h y Z a p t h a w i b 28 ab t g nd h nvi avio o er Ch et the an ne new 926 W firs e r t n & u i 8 r h r s e eh h t at te e of e m to a n 1 31 d’s t t 1 s A ga y K id f a b th we Pe y. H es her led ged d i 19 orl r a a uag 9 b o a d e old Dr ciet sur , w nd visa , an t. In w rato q 82 lic t v e n e h 1 ub eli ’s c en So clo pen o, a en do ug th cu p s b don 2, wh the d en e o Zo also Lon s bo ing be a a f n h g l m It w Lon 190 ry o gs a to t bur chel h of , wa eco n to an. in ntil eta ldin t in am Mit ort lage d, b ma sm u cr bui ou H gs. e n vil ne o ee se e als by din th de pe st w Ch th nim ired uil to sna k o fir lyn a sp e b ark hip Par he ve in f th ) p W al rk.T s E o m2 to nim pa wa k ear A cal oo n ild ogi Z W ool don z on L

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Mixed Grids Grid 10

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Mixed Grids Grids 10 - 12

Summery on Mixed Grids These grids are a combination of the element explored in previous chapters.The grids have been created with the issues raises thought the book in mind. For example, the starting point for all the grids was to use horizontal and vertical lines to mark out the margin and gutters to prevent the page elements unintentionally bleedings off the page, to retain the legibility of the copy and the content of images intact. Grid 10 uses a combination of horizontal and vertical lines with curve shapes.Then grid 11 uses the same horizontal and vertical lines but with parallel diagonal lines on top.The last grid in this book, grid 12 uses an element from all of the previous chapters, it uses horizontal and vertical, diagonal and curve lines or shapes over lapping one another.This is an ideal way to show how all the different styles work together. The outcomes of all three of these layouts are very conceptual with a playful feel. These grids were easier to use with the gutters and margins in place, as they gave guides were to avoid placing page elements. Grid 10 was straightforward to use, as columns offer divisions in the spread for the copy, but with the introduction of the curved line at the top and bottom of the spread injects movement and energy into the layouts. Gird 11 using the diagonal lines again introduce movement into page. However, when placing text onto the page similar issues to the grids from the diagonal chapter arose.The elements of the page are harder to layout in away that utilizes the space effectively with out running off the page or into the gutter. Some of the image layouts look a bit plain and unexciting, as the space on the pages have not achieved a balance between positive and negative space. Using all three style grid 12 has produces some very energetic layouts.The grid is straightforward to use, as text fits in to it well producing an aesthetically pleasing layout. Some of these layouts the grid has been over used, and this limits the possible outcome, this highlights the need to be more playful with grids and not stick to all the lines and just use them as a guide and not a rigid structure. To Sum up interesting layouts that are very playful and inspiring to use. In some cases the versatile nature of these grids need to be embraced more toughly. Some of these grids would be more suitable for magazines or similar publications due to their energetic changeable appearance.

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Conclusion

Conclusion In conclusion, this book had explored four different styles of grids.The outcomes from the diagonal, curved and mixed grids are innovative, conceptual and exciting although they were difficult to produce.This is due to every text or image box needing to be customized, which can be very time-consuming and limiting. Horizontal and vertical grids are more piratical to work with, as text generally is set along a straight line to retain its legibility. However, working with the mixed grids enables the user to combine the ease of laying out horizontal and vertical grids with the introduction of curved or diagonal lines to inject excitement and originality to the grid and layouts. Also, horizontal and vertical lines give the designer the straight guidelines line that they need, to avoid unintentionally loosing the elements off the page when the book or spread come to be printed. These lines indicate the gutter in the centre of the spread where the book would fold shut and the margins to prevent copy or images being cropped off or just getting too close to the edge of the page. Grids that use horizontal and vertical lines seem to be more effective as the straight lines reflect the media that is being used, for example books are normally rectangles or squares and the grids reflect this.These lines help retain the legibility and continuity throughout the spreads. The combination of rows and columns with the injection of a new element such as a curved or diagonal line can work very well and produce an original set of layouts.

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