Sijie Wang Email: Education: MrWang0915@outlook.com BLA, Beijing Forestry University 2016 MLA, Beijing Forestry University 2019 Tel: +86 18928063493 CONTENTS Stormwater Management Overall Planning & Stormwater Wetland Design of Mt. West Country Park
Page 1
Design Base on Plants Landscape Planning Close-to-nature Urban Forest Design
Page 6
Urban Design Green Infrastructure Renewal of Urban Neighborhood
Page 11
Respond to for Montanic Disaster Justice Terrace--Settlement Landscape Planning
Page 22
Overall Planning & Stormwater Wetland Design of Mt. West Country Park BACKGROUND
The site of the country park is located at the eastern foot of Mt. West in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, covering an area of 1,311.9 hectares. This hillside area is an intermediate zone between Mt. Taihang and the North China Plain, between urban land and natural forests. Shijiazhuang is a typical city suffering from water shortage, and its uneven seasonal distribution of precipitation leads to frequent floods in summertime. Therefore, the development of this country park on the theme of plant landscape and natural waterscape is challenged by shortage of water resources.
STRATEGY
To better conserve water and soil, we propose to accumulate rainfall catchment at the site to meet with the needs of waterscape and plant irrigation, rather than depending on external water resources. With concepts of low impact development (LID) and temporal and spatial balance strategy, low-lying terrain is designed for natural waterscape and surface runoff in floods is collected by water storage facilities to guarantee the water supply to meet with the needs of the whole park through out the year. Besides, through quantitative research, the recreational service facilities of the country park are upgraded on the basis of waterscape and plant landscape layout planning, and a natural and economical country park planning scheme is formed. Under the guidance of LID concept, the project further selects one of the waterscape display to enrich the design scheme of stormwater wetland landscape through rain and flood management and water quantity calculation.
1
LOCATION
PROBLEM
Drought & Waterlogging
Amount of Precipitation
WATERSCAPE PLANNING Maximal Volume of Ponds
FRAMEWORK
SITE ANALYSIS Elevation
Land Cover
Slope
Flow Direction
Aspect
Watershed
2
NON-IRRIGATED PLANT SELECTION & PLANT PLANNING Annual Water Demand of Plants
MASTER PLAN OF MT. WEST COUNTRY PARK Sightseeing
Vegetation
Waterscape
Terrain
3
STORMWATER WETLAND DESIGN
WATERFRONT DESIGN
Location
Granite Platform
DESIGN INTRODUCTION
One pond is merged to demonstrate the specific design of stormwater wetland based on the strategy of waterscape in overall planning. Considering both water balance and diverse waterscape all year round, the stormwater wetland is divided into deep section and shallow section in order to adjust the seasonal water level while maintaining the same volume and area of stormwater wetland.
METHOD
Original Terrain
Water Terrace
Wood Trestle
Flower Slope
SEASONAL WATERSCAPE & ACTIVITIES
Designed Terrain shallow wetland
From Jan. to Apr.
Minimum Water Level & Area
May to Jul. & Dec.
Medium Water Level & Area
From Aug. to Nov.
Maximum Water Level & Area
deep wetland
WATER LEVEL
4
PLAN OF STORMWATER WETLAND
Wood Trestle & Wetland Forest
Flower Slope
Seasonal Skatepark
Cafe
Water Terrace
5
Close-to-nature Urban Forest Design
BACKGROUND
The site of this project was assigned to be constructed into an urban forest as a response to the Call for National Forest City Construction in 'Beijing city master plan from 2016 to 2035'. Faced with environmental pollution and ecological destruction, the project was challenged by how to quantitatively estimate whether an urban forest was natural and how natural it was. Therefore, this project attempted to construct a closeto-nature evaluation system of an urban forest, which was used as a quantitative evaluation system in forestry management, and then verified this system by designing a close-to-nature urban forest.
STRATEGY
A close-to-nature urban forest evaluation system including a calculation table with 5 criterion layers and 18 indexes was established via Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on this evaluation system, a new procedure of urban forest design was proposed to create a natural urban environment for all the living beings. The vertical design of the terrain was considered at the first step in order to provide biotopes for forest vegetation. Secondly, specific native tree species and forest communities were planted chronologically according to the highest level of close-to-nature urban forest evaluation system. Finally, recreational and tourist facilities were designed based on characteristics of different forest biotopes and communities.
6
LOCATION
TENDENCY OF CURRENT TERRAIN
CHRONOLOGICAL TRANSITION
DESIGNED TERRAIN
1960s
2000s
Farmland
Factory
Farmland Surrounding in 1967
2020s
2025s
Recovery
Urban Forest
Residence & Factory Surrounding in 2017
7
SUSTAINABLE ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION WITH MANUAL ACTION Slow-growing & Late successional Trees
Suppressed by Partial Pioneer Trees
Fast-growing Pioneer Trees
Transplanting Partial Pioneer Trees
1 Year: Rapidly Forming Forest Landscape by Pioneer Trees
5 Years: Enhancing Community Stability by Manual Action
CRITERION & INDEX OF PHYTOCOENOSIUM TYPE Species Diversity
Dominance Index Species Richness Evenness Index
PLANT PLANNING
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Standing Forest's Vitality
Late successional Trees Becoming Dominant Species
Health Condition Age Distribution Native Species
Horizontal Structure
Average Diameter Crown Density Mixed Degree
20 Years: Stable Succession of Urban Forest Community
Vertical Structure
Canopy Structure Average Height Combination
MAJOR SPECIES OF COMMUNITIES
Landscape Aesthetics
Ornamental Characteristic Seasonal Characteristic Form Characteristic
FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PHYTOCOENOSIUM TYPE
Species Diversity Pattern
Standing Forest's Vitality Pattern
Horizontal Structure Pattern
Vertical Structure Pattern
Landscape Aesthetics Pattern
Science Education
Ecological Restoration
Forest Recuperation
Forest Overpass
Recreational Sightseeing
TOUR LINE PLANNING
FUNCTION ZONING
9
MASTER PLAN
10
BACKGROUND
This project focused on a neighbourhood constructed in the mid and late 20th century in central area of Beijing, which showcased the impact of the rapid economic and urban development in the past three decades. In particular, the original green space of the target community was in low quality and connectivity so that the renewal and redesign became urgent for the improvement of the neighbourhood to match the residential and ecological benefits. We discovered the root cause of the problem faced by this community was the change of its position and function in the center of Beijing city. It used to be an area of workshops and compounds on the city's edge in the early 1960s. However, with the expansion of Beijing city, it became much more central and nowadays residents ask for high quality and high-valued green space and living environment. Therefore, this project was aimed to motivate potential space and residential quality in old neighborhood by renewing the existing green space and creating a dynamic green space system.
STRATEGY
GREEN+
This project considered the local neighbourhood green space as a whole renewal plan and proposed a redesign with three innovative methods. Firstly, it increased the accessibility of the green space by integrating the existing fragmental public space in the whole neighbourhood. Secondly, it connected each green by creating plant borders along paths which formed an interconnected green network of this neighbourhood, a network similar to human capillaries. Thirdly, potential green space was selected by blending the function of its surrounding land use. Finally, a specific site of potential green space was selected to demonstrate the methods and process of green space design in neighbourhood renewal.
Green Infrastructure Renewal of Urban Neighborhood
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LOCATION
Central City Area
Beijing
STATUS ANALYSIS
Residencal Crowd Thermogram
Old City Site
URBAN PLANNING BACKGROUND
Construction Quality
CHRONOLOGICAL TRANSITION Urbanization Range
Land Use
Green & Urban Function
Separate
12
Transformation
Combined
Green Space
Public Transport
History & Culture
Non-motorized Transport
Residencial Entrance
Motor Transport
13
EXTRACTION OF POTENTIAL SPACE
Historical Site
Current Green Space
Residential Entrance
Separate
+
Cultural Spot
Demolition of Old Buildings
+
Potential Ecological & Recreation Space
Park Entrance
14
+
Attached Green Space of Community
Demolition of Old Buildings
+
Demolition of Old Buildings
Potential Historical & Cultural Space
Potential Neighborhood Life Space
+
+
EXTRACTION OF POTENTIAL GREENWAY
Historical Site & Cultural Spot
Pond &Green Space Entrance
Commercial & Residential Entrance
Separate
+
Public & Motor Transport
Potential Ecological & Recreation Space
+
Ecological & Recreation Greenway
Public & Non-motorized Transport
+
Public & Non-motorized Transport
Potential Historical & Cultural Space
+
Potential Neighborhood Life Space
Historical & Cultural Greenway
Neighborhood Life Greenway
+
+
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PLANNING FRAMEWORK
Potential Space for Green Infrastructure
Greenway Planning
Planning Area
+
SUBJECT RENEWAL PLANNING Commercial Subject
Functional Integration
Spatial Integration
Festival Activity
Cultural Creativity Industry
Fashion Market
Art Exhibition
Historical & Cultural Subject
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Park & Garden Subject
Green Space Along Street
Opened Wall & Pass Green
Sports Park
Children Playground
Roof Garden
Art Gallery Boundary
Shop Along Street
Pocket Park
Ecological Drainage
Ecological Parking Lot
Indigenous Vegetation
Stormwater Garden
Residential Subject
Ecological Subject
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URBAN GREENWAY PLANNING Greenway Type
Greenway Level
Greenway Theme
Greenway Station
STREET SECTION
Increase Green Infrastructure & Widen Bus Stop Open Space
18
Open Green Space and Separate Bikeway
OVERALL PLAN OF URBAN NEIGHBORHOOD RENEWAL
19
COMMUNITY COMPLEX DESIGN
SURROUNDINGS
Location Combined function of Surroundings
DESIGN INTRODUCTION
Based on the theory of garden-style community, functional superposition method of ecology, recreation residences and businesses were proposed in this neighborhood renewal project. The site was divided into commercial space and green space, which was superimposed by functions of surrounding land use. New commercial and office complexes and community center were designed in the south of the site, fully covered by roof garden in order to meet the demands of surrounding residences.
SURROUNDING CONNETION
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
20
DESIGN PLAN
FUNCTION DIVISION
SECTION
AERIAL VIEW & PESPECTICVE
Commercial & Residencial Complex
Children Playground Green Space Along Street
21
BACKGROUND
Qiang, Tibetan and Han nationalities have a long history of development in Aba Autonomous Prefecture in Western Sichuan. The project site is located at the intersection of three ethnic settlements. Long-term wars and conflicts among the three peoples in ancient times resulted in differences in production modes and living environments, as well as unfair social problems in regional development such as backward economic development, shortage of resources and inconvenience of transportation in Qiang and Tibetan settlements. At the same time, natural disasters such as landslides and debris flows are also serious problems existing in the social development of agriculture, trade and transportation in this region during the rainy season every year.
22
LOCATION
PROBLEM
Society
CONCEPT
Strategic Area
Settlement
Drought
Melt Ice
Society
Income
Ecology
Econmey
Trade
Population
STRATEGY
First step, potential landslide zones were marked according to the analysis of steep slope and hydrology with GIS. Secondly, special retaining walls which could hold falling earth and rain streams during the landslide were designed and built in these potential landslide zones. Thirdly, potential landslide zones were gradually transformed into rice terraces and fishponds, which were suitable for the most special local mode of agricultural production. Previous disaster zones were transformed into basic zones of the social production with the cooperation of natural force and artificial constructions built by local people in three different nationalities.
STATUS ANALYSIS
Traffic and Concentration Points
Debris Flow
Vegetation Conditions
23
SUBJECT PLANNING
Water Collection System METHOD
AERIAL VIEW
24
Debris Flow Prevention System
Transportation Logistics Trade System
AGRICULTURE AND AQUACULTURE DESIGN
Plain Field
Terrance Field & Dike-pond
Plain Field & River
Terrance Field
25
DYNAMIC EXPECTION
Follow the mountain terrain, set up the wall to resist the debris flow disaster.
26
One side of the retaining wall is a pond of water, which is used to raise fish and accumulate fertilizer. Relying on the walls, people can set up roads to promote logistics.
Retaining walls are connected with each other, with the roads developing, the number of terraces are increasing, and the original fertilizer is used to grow crops.
Cultivated land, fertilized ponds become more and gradually form the system, which further promoted the three peoples’Trade communication.
As a landscape architect, it is my duty to maintain the balance between human and nature as long as possible.