Tracesure I New product New Route New Market
Tracesure I Ă“
What is it ? Slow releasing rumino-reticular bolus Unique leaching bolus weighing 55 g Does not lose shape or size
Ă“
What is it for ? supplementation with Iodine 3,400 mg Selenium 500 mg Cobalt 500 mg
Tracesure I Ă“
Trace elements essential micro-nutrients very small quantities required often involved in enzyme structure/function often interact
Tracesure I: release of elements Ó Ó Ó
Ó Ó Ó
Iodine Selenium Cobalt
3,400 mg over 180 days = 18.7 mg/day 500 mg over 180 days = 2.7 mg/day 500 mg over 180 days = 2.7 mg/day
For cattle: One bolus: over 200 kg - 550 kg Two boluses: Over 550 kg
Tracesure I Storage of Trace Elements Ó
IODINE short-lived supplementation every 1-2 wks
Ó
SELENIUM good storage
Ó
COBALT little storage need constant supplementation for vit B12
IODINE Ă“
Constituent of Thyroid hormones T3/T4 Ă“ T3/T4 affect: metabolic rate growth reproduction health/survival of offspring lactation brain development lung/heart development resistance to infection
IODINE Ă“
Major site of absorption: rumen Ă“ Soils : high incidence of I2 deficiency in Ireland iodine not essential to plants levels differ in various grasses high in rye and white clover low in cocksfoot winter pasture is high and summer pasture is low
IODINE Ă“
Soils:
pasture may contain goitrogens rape, kale, turnips Contain either: (a) cyanates which inhibit I2 uptake by thyroid, or (b) thiouracids which interfere with oxidation of I2 in thyroid
-
IODINE Ă“
Soils:
Addition of lime to pasture decreases I2 uptake FYM reduces I2 of pasture by 10X High protein feeding or undefeeding causes reduced I2 uptake
IODINE: deficiency Ó
Little hard information in UK Ó Often associated with “late pregnancy” problems ⇒ Failure to reproduce efficiently Low conception rates Increased metritis early ED re-absorption sub-oestrus loss of libido in bulls
IODINE: levels
PII levels: Âľ g/L Low
Marginal
Normal
<50
51-105
>105
IODINE: levels Ă&#x201C; Ă&#x201C;
Measured by T4 or plasma inorganic iodine (PII) Milk: care with PII due to X-contamination PII levels: mg/L Low
Marginal
Normal
<50
51-105
>105
SELENIUM Ó Ó Ó Ó Ó
Se and Vit. E linked Component of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) Catalyses removal of peroxide radicals: toxic to cells Absorbed form duodenum Transferred to rbc
Tracesure I Timing of administration Ă&#x201C;
Iodine late pregnancy minimum 2 months before calving at turn out
IONOX : target patient Ó
Cattle Ó Females Ó Heifers and cows Ó Beef and dairy Ó Prior to calving Ó During dry period when receiving no cake
Iodine Deficiency
Study Design Ó Ó Ó Ó Ó
Recruit herds via VS based on clinical history 10 animals, heifers or cows, not receiving supplementary minerals Blood sample and assay PII levels Treat 5 with Ionox / Tracesure I bolus Resample same 10 animals 4 weeks later
Results: No. herds by County Leicestershire Cumbria Hampshire Cheshire Lancashire Clwyd Buckinghamshire Cornwall Herefordshire Dorset Somerset Yorkshire Devon Total
3 3 4 3 7 8 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 40
(7.5) (7.5) (10) (7.5) (17.5) (20) (7.5) (5) (2.5) (5) (2.5) (5) (2.5)
By Herd, by PII Status 20 18 16 14 12 No herds 10 8 6 4 2 0
L 47.5%
M
N
25%
27.5%
PII status
By PII Status, by Animal 250 200 150
L
100
M
N
50 54.7% 0
22.2% PII status
23.1%
PII Status of All Animals Pre-Treatment Ionox
Control
No. tested
218
219
Low PII status
122 (56%) 47 (21.6%) 49 (22.4%)
117 (53%) 50 (22.8%) 52 (23.7%)
Marginal PII status Normal PII status
Low and Marginal PII Animals only Ionox
Control
Pre-Treatment: mean
38.7
40.1
Pre-Treatment: SD
25.0
25.6
Post-Treatment: mean Post-Treatment: SD
192.6
61.6
130.9
96.1
Response to Treatment 200 180 160 140 120 PII 100 80 60 40 20 0
Ionox is Tracesure I
Pre Mean Post Mean
Ionox
Control