Lania_Simone_587506_FinalAlgosketchbook

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DESIGN STUDIO

A I R algorithmi c sket c hbook SIMONE

ROSE

LANIA

587506

SEMESTER 1, 2014 -THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE -PHILIP BELESKY AND BRAD ELIAS


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exploring the development LOFTING AND EDITING IN RHINOCEROS3D MANIPULATION OF LOFT The lofted surface produced in Grasshopper was manipulated via modification of the control points of the base curves. The degree to which these points were shifted effected the dramatization of the geometry. Through experimentation this technique was capable of generating various forms and undulating surfaces. The generation of abstract geometry was limited however due to minimal control points. A more complex lofted surface, made up of a series of curves with multiple control points would increase potential to develop stimulating, figurative shapes through manipulation in Rhino3D. Below are thumbnails of the resultant geometry produced through this exercise. The succession of rudimentary to quite advanced geometries produced through experimentation is evident.

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Open lofted surface

Closed lofted surface

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environment LOFTING AND EDITING IN GRASSHOPPER

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OPEN NORMAL

Loft options The basic curves created in Rhino were set to curves in Grasshopper and lofted using a lofting component . Through lofting options in Grasshopper the form was modified . The initial shape was closed to create a more interesting geometry that creates more dramatic changes in response to experimentation with the lofting options.

02 CLOSED NORMAL

03 OPEN DEVELOPABLE

04 closed tight

05 closed straight

06 closed uniform

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geometry, transformations Representation of data sets using grasshopper The chosen data set exemplified in Grasshopper is based on Copenhagen windrose diagrams recorded in Roski between 22 August 2011 and 11 July 2013. These graphs denote frequency of wind speed and wind direction, evidently indicating wind patterns in the region that could be utilised in assessing the efficiency of a wind energy generation system. Three parameters were chosen for the purpose of representing the data in grasshopper as X, Y and Z inputs. The chosen parameters were; month [X], average wind speed for the month (mph) [Y] and average wind calm for the month (%)[Z]. The data represented is based on averages collected for each month from January to June. Multiplication factor components were employed to exaggerate the distribution of the points generated by the data set and assist in producing a more operable and design provoking geometry.

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01 Copenhagen January Windrose, 2013, http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/onsite/windrose/climate/monthly/01/EKRK_jan.png , (accessed 19 March 2014)


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and intersections Exploration of grasshopper tools and techniques

CURVE INTERSECTIONS The video tutorial on curve intersections introduced the concept of generating intersecting geodesic curves on a surface. The demonstrations in the video tutorial were replicated using Grasshopper to detail connection points on geometry for the purpose of demonstrating the structure of the design.

LATTICE DESIGN The second replication demonstrates the creation of a lattice-like structure from a basic three-dimensional shape. Projecting circles onto the sphere surface produced the lattice design, which was adapted via manipulation of the radius value. In addition, experimentation with point values resulted in a realisable lattice structure for the purpose of demonstration however, the complexity of the design could be increased or decreased accordingly based on this parameter.

CONTOURS AND SECTIONING

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controlling the algorithm CREATING A GRIDSHELL - MATSYS SMARTGEOMETRY FORM

The “creating a gridshell” video introduced gridshell formation via the Matsy’s Smart Geometry gridshell form. Whilst watching this video, the steps were replicated in Grasshopper to ensure greater synthesis of the components introduced and a better understanding of the way in which connections need to be made to ensure a successful algorithmic output.

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list, flow control, matching CREATING A GRID SHELL - EXPERIMENTATION FORM

The “creating a gridshell” video was followed in order to create of a unique gridshell. Using Rhino3D a series of closed curves were randomly created. By employing the components demonstrated in the video, such as ‘explode tree’ and ‘rebuild’ the algorithm could be controlled and the final outcome enhanced. Manipulation of values using slider components assisted in the creation of a interesting, overlapping gridshell. Through experimentation with values in Grasshopper as well as manipulation of the overall geometry in Rhino, it was evident that the variety of achievable design outcomes was infinite. Through this exercise it became clear how various timber pavilions designs are conceived and realised.

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controlling the algorithm Patterning lists - two dimensional

The ‘patterning lists’ demonstration video was followed to produce a unique pattern projected on a two dimensional rectangular surface. This task presented various complications. Most prominent was a failure of the ‘voronoi’ component despite following the steps of the video tutorial. The process of solving this issue was an important learning experience, which encouraged further research online into possible reasons for the error and processes to overcome this data failure. After thorough reading of online forums and websites, the issue was resolved via communication with peers. Eventually, the ‘box rectangle’ component was used to overcome the error. Once the error was resolved and the algorithm complete, manipulation of the pattern was conducted by changing values on number sliders, and panel inputs. Through these experimental modifications a variety of patterns were generated.

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list, flow control, matching Patterning lists

- three dimensional

Due to issues experienced in the exploration of patterning lists additional online video tutorials were examined in order to gain a better understanding of the algorithms. Through this process experiments were conducted, including the use of the ‘voronoi’ component to create a three-dimensional form. The result was a rectangular prism with a series of cut outs produced via the pattern created with voronoi. This was a stimulating experimentation as by using the patterning list tools in a three-dimensional context the possibilities for their use in modelling became more apparent.

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INTRODUCING PARAMETER SPACE, MODELAB INTRODUCTORY VIDEOS LESSON #7

SPIRALING The ‘Spiraling’ video tutorial introduced the notion of mathematical parameters - in particular pie, within the algorithm to yield stimulating results. The tutorial was followed to achieve the same outcome achieved in the video. This definition was then explored further through adjustment of parameters to generate unique outcomes. By changing the value of the number of turns and the number of points a series of different forms were achieved, examples of such forms are exemplified at right and below.

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DATA TYPES AND FUNCTIONS MODELAB INTORDUCTORY VIDEOS LESSON # 8

PHYLLOTAXIS + EXPRESSIONS The “Phyllotaxis and Expressions’ video tutorial focuses on series and booleans. Through the use of mathematical trigonometric expressions and the boolean toggle component the voronoi pattern achieved in the tutorial was replicated. Further experimentation with the algorithm was achieved via manipulation of cull patterning and varying of the number of points within the definition. The outcome of this experimental process was generation of a vast array of patterns. The size of the pattern increased in response to an increase in

points, whilst dramatic configuration changes occurred as a result of differing the cull pattern. The radius parameter was also adjusted causing change in the spacing of the circles and hence affected the disparity of the configuration. The exercise offered insight into development of pattern and form using the voronoi component in conjunction with mathematical expressions and diversification of this pattern via the cull pattern component and parameter values.

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demonstrating controllers, EXPRESSIONS

The use of expressions within the algorithm was explored further in this video tutorial in conjunction with associated expression evaluation components and in addition point charge components. The combination of the expression and point charge notions generated an interesting pattern, which could be applied to various curves to develop form. Through manipulation of parameter values a denser pattern was achieved that was more effective in producing an established form, which presents potential design solutions.

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SAMPLERS AND FIELDS GRAPH CONTROLLERS

The ‘Graph Controllers’ video tutorial introduced the graph mapper component. It was evident that the graph shape could be manipulated through this component to obtain a variety of outcomes within the model. The effects of the graph mapper component were explored in the context of a circle component alike to the video tutorial however, the parameter values were modified to yield an array of unique results and explore the extent of the algorithm.

The cull pattern was adjusted in conjunction with the radius value. It was noted that the larger the radius value, the more intricate the pattern formed. In addition it was evident that using a constant cull pattern however changing the radius value from an even number to an odd number created a significant change in pattern generation; from a linear arrangement to a more cellular form.

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DEMONSTRATING FIELDS FIELD FUNDAMENTALS

EVALUATING FIELDS

The basic notion of fields was introduced in the video tutorial ‘Field Fundamentals’. Components such as point charge and line point charge were utilised to reproduce the outcome established in the tutorial. In addition, further exploration of the field components was conducted, including the incorporation of a spin force component in the algorithm. Experimentation of the display options for field components was employed to achieve differing representations of the field. It was discovered that a combination of tensor display and display mesh options yielded a stimulating, logical and understandable outcome. The ‘Evaluating Fields’ video tutorial extended on the basic field components introduced in ‘Field Fundamentals’ by introducing the ‘Evaluate Field’ component. Replication of this algorithm and furthermore manipulation of the parameters led to the generation of various interesting forms which could be derived as a potential design basis.

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DEMONSTRATING FIELDS EVALUATING FIELDS further exploration graph section profiles

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The Evaluating Fields tutorial was taken further in the “Graph Section Profiles� video tutorial. The outcome of the definition produced following this video tutorial was modified via experimentation with parametric values. A variety of iterations were achieved simply through altering the sliders. The number on the divide curve for both the base curve and circle component was altered which affected the complexity of the model. Through modification of the decay value

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on the point charge component, the complexity was also modified as well as the degree of dispersal of the model to generate a sparser arrangement. Through increasing the radius value on the circle component the circles at the origin points of the curves became more prominent (as shown in sketch 01 above). The forms derived form this algorithm are stimulating in regards to design potential and offer a strong base for further parametric modification.

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CONTROLLING DATA STRUCTURES TREE MENU

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The “Tree Menu” video tutorial explores manipulation of the data structure to achieve patterning. It incorporates list components and the “Relative Item” component in particular to generate varying patterns, which are useful skills for design stimulation. However the desirable outcome produced in the tutorial was not reproduced due to error in the final stages of the definition. Despite such error, the algorithmic sketching exercise has been incorporated, as it is believed that the unintended outcome is quite interesting. The patterning

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plays on dimensions appearing to be both twodimensional and three-dimensional which shows clear digression from the original sphere shown in sketch 01. The exercise was also successful in gaining a broader understanding of the tree data and statistic components of Grasshopper, in particular it was noted that flattening a data tree removes its elements and organisation hence it becomes useless.


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voltadom further exploration of voltadom definition

The Voltadom definition was explored further than the scope of the matrices iterations as an additional algorithmic sketching task. This process involved manipulation of both of the Voltadom definitions provided simultaneously to achieve a ‘stalactite-like’ form. The manipulation of both definitions developed a series of cones of varying heights, which was not achievable in prior exploration of the definitions individually. This manipulation of geometry is an important technique, which has been utilised in the reengineering of Aami Park Stadium for Part B.4 and hence can be adapted depending on the chosen three-dimensional shape via parameters such as radius and high ratio.

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encapsulating algorithms clusters and iteration fractal patterning

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The “Fractal Patterns� video tutorial demonstrated the benefits of developing clusters of components to facilitate and organise the development of complex algorithms, which contain a series of recursive elements. The additions of clusters to the definition increased the complexity of the model and achieved a fractal rectangle model, which differed via modification of the position of the intersecting curves. Three fractal patterns of varied complexity are demonstrated in sketches 01, 02 and 03, with complexity increasing

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respectively. Iteration 02 achieves a degree of complexity, which was interesting yet capable of demonstrating the changes in the model as a result of shifting the intersecting curves. Further iteration of 02 is demonstrated in images 04, 05 and 06. It is evident that various stimulating forms can be achieved via such a definition. Furthermore the clustering technique introduced is a vital tool when using Grasshopper particularly when one wants to achieve a recursive algorithm.


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reengineering aranda lasch - fractal tetrahedra

The “Fractal Tetrahedra� tutorial built upon reengineering skills to develop projects by Aranda Lasch. This exercise demonstrated how one would create such a form in Rhino and then redeveloped the form in Grasshopper. This highlighted the strengths of Grasshopper and the ability to create form in a more efficient and precise manner compared to Rhino. The algorithmic sketching task also explored expressions as a key component to

achieve specific outcomes in Grasshopper based on mathematical equations. Here Pythagoras Theorem was utilised to achieve an equilateral tetrahedron with an edge length of 1/3. The definition was explored further via manipulation of the amount of sides on the polygon, achieving various fractal forms. These recursive forms can be multiplied and arranged to create an overall abstract geometry as shown by Aranda Lasch in various projects.

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EXTENDING THE FRAMEWORK EMBEDDING MATERIAL LOGIC - TENSILE AND RIGID BODIES 2 0 M S

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KANGAROO PHYSICS PLUGIN 5 0 0 M S

T I M E R

This video tutorial introduced the Kangaroo plugin for Grasshopper. Through the use of the ‘Springs from Lines’ component and ‘Kangaroo physics’ component; simulation of the behavior of a sheet of fabric in response to force was achieved. Movement of an anchor point positioned on the original rectilinear base mesh triggered the application of force. The directional and numerical shift of the anchor point and the value of the ‘Rest Length’ input on the Springs from Lines component produced unique geometries as the base mesh morphed in the fashion of a folding structure. Due to the triangulation of the base mesh it was difficult for the strings to rotate, therefore the shape was maintained to a considerable degree and hence the model simulates a rather rigid component.

In this experimentation instance, a rest length of 20ms and 500ms was explored to achieved varied results. It is apparent that a Rest Length of 500ms applies force for a longer period and hence the outcomes are slightly more warped and convoluted compared to that of 20ms, It is evident that utilising the Kangaroo plugin can assist in the development of stimulating forms which are derived from meaningful simulation of material tensile behaviour. Material behaviour is an imperative component of the LAGI design brief and Kangaroo provides an insight into the way in which the form will respond to environmental forces as a result of its materiality. Hence experimentation with Kangaroo will assist in the development of a successful, environmentally responsive design that generates energy,

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EXTENDING THE FRAMEWORK EMBEDDING MATERIAL LOGIC - TENSILE AND RIGID BODIES

In this video tutorial the Kangaroo plug-in for Grasshopper was explored further. It was imperative that all NURBS surfaces and curves were rationalised into a onedimensional geometry before Kangaroo components were used. Kangaroo allowed simulation of mass of chain, which functions based on the attraction or repulsion between forces. The ‘Springs from Lines’ in collaboration with the ‘Kangaroo physics’ component provided an estimation of material behaviour in response to force. By changing the value of the ‘Rest Length’ input on the Springs from Lines component, the geometry varied dramatically. A Rest Length of 0 applied tension to the model, whilst the other extremity (1) produced a more stimulating abstract form. This form resembles that of Green Lava Void by architects Chris Bosse, Tobias Wallisser and Alexander Rieck, located in Sydney. In this geometry based model it is expected that Kangaroo or a similar modelling system was used to explore the material behaviour of lightweight lycra material which has been used. Through experimentation it was noted that the notion of ‘Hook’s law’ embedded into the Kangaroo physics component assists in simulation of an array of forces and depending on the model, how a material may respond to such force. It is therefore a useful tool for the development of the LAGI installation design where forces may be imperative to the overall form of the design or furthermore the way that it captures and generates energy, With intentions of utilising wind force as a trigger for movement and hence kinetic energy the Kangaroo plug-in will be an essential tool in further development and refinement of the LAGI design concept.

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KANGAROO PHYSICS PLUGIN r e s t

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l e n g t h

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EXTENDING THE FRAMEWORK VOUSSOIR CLOUD INPUT AND FORM FINDING r e e n g i e e r e d

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base structure definition

application of force definition

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KANGAROO PHYSICS PLUGIN m o d i f i e d

m o d e l

The notion of hinge points in collaboration with Kangaroo components to develop form was introduced in this video tutorial. The form of the Voussoir Cloud by Iwanmoto Scott Architecture in Los Angeles was reengineered as a mode for exploring these Kangaroo capabilities. The use of a ‘Unary Force’ component in collaboration with the typical ‘Springs from Lines’ and ‘Kangaroo Physics’ components allowed the development of responsive model which simulated the material performance. Initially a definition was developed to emulate the base structure for the model using the ‘Voronoi’ component and ‘Control points’ component in particular. This produced a mesh, which could then be used with Kangaroo as meshes are based

on lines, which Kangaroo is capable of dealing with. Hence, the model was reengineered and then further explored by slightly changing the base mesh through modification of the Voronoi pattern to create a greater series of hinged columns. The Rest Length value was also explored however, the changes in the model as a result of diverse values were not significantly different nor were that of different timer values. It is evident that by using Kangaroo interesting conceptual forms can be derived and more importantly enhanced through simulation of its material capabilities in response to unary force. This assists in the development of a successful model, which presents opportunity for a dynamic structure.

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