SINAE JUNG SELECTED WORKS 2009 - 2020
SINAE JUNG Academic & Professional works 2009 - 2020
01
GYEONGJU CONVENTION CENTER Completed in 2014 / Cultural
02
ALGERIA NATIONAL ASSEMBLY Professional competition / Governmental office
03
SEOUL UPCYCLING CENTER Professional competition / 2nd Prize / Cultural
04
CHUNCHEON CITY HALL Completed in 2018 / Governmental office
05
AL RAYYAN AL QADEEM MASTER PLAN Under constrution / Residential + Commercial
06
NPS HEADQUATERS Completed in 2016 / Office
07
CERAMIC DRAPE PAVILION Arch 205 / Fall 2019
08
3D PRINTED SHELTER Arch 205 / Fall 2019
09
PRIMITIVE HUT Arch 205 / Fall 2020
10
CITIZEN'S FACADE Academic competition / First Prize
11
PLATFORM UNBOUNDED Thesis project / Excellence Award
Professional Works Academic Works
12
ASTRONOMER'S CRATER Academic competition
P 02
P 08
P 12
P 16
P 22
P 26
P 30
P 36
P 40
P 48
P 56
P 64
01 GYEONGJU CONVENTION CENTER Professional Work Haeahn Architecture Jan.2011 - Sep.2013
Completed in 2014 Located in: Gyeongju, Gyeongsang Province, Korea Client: Gyeongju City GFA: 29,757m2 Worked mainly on SD / DD / CD Being participated as a Main Designer and CA Support (Concept / Design and Planning / 3D Visualization / DD Drafting / Fabrication Support)
Seoul KOREA Gyeongju
Section A - A’
2
This building is an international convention center that will support the tourism industry of Gyeongju City. The ancient city that served as the capital of the Silla Dynasty for 1,000 years from the 1st century BC to the 10th century AD is registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. There are many Buddhismthemed ruins and historical sites everywhere in and around the city. In this city where a thousand asyet unexplored sites are buried underneath, the city planners asked us to come up with a design for an international convention center to hold conventions and exhibitions that would take full advantage of surrounding tourism assets. For a city whose overriding concern is conservation, there are many restrictions in building designs. More specifically, the city requires that all the new buildings be in line with Silla’s design motifs. I created the convention center’s design in ways that mimics the ancient palace where the kings received their guests, while looking for ways to reveal traditional elements in its façade. The project was undertaken by a team of four designers and I was involved in the whole process from schematic design to completion. In the design process, I built the shapes of the façade and the hall based on the rhinoceros. During the construction documents stage, the traces of Silla treasures previously used for the façade were again created as a parametric design, with the mockup simulated as well. In this process, I took charge of the work in cooperation with the BIM team until completion.
Left : Physical Model Right : Perspective view (Realization, 2014)
A
A'
3
A Trace of Silla Dynasty
Flying Horse tomb mural (My Suggestion)
I projected the image of the Flying Horse tomb mural, one of the most famous Silla treasures, on the façade. In order to avoid making it look kitsch while revealing the image more naturally, I chose to cover it on the louver only while avoiding the glass surface. I simulated the intervals at which images can be projected onto the louver and determined the unit module's distance to be 1,400 mm (55.12 inches). I made sure to twist the angles of the louver so that the images could be changed gradually depending on the viewer's perspective. In this process, I made use of initial drawings and 3D visualizations in the schematic design stage and fabrication support in the design development and construction documents stages.
150
270
THK24mm LOW-E GLASS
34 86
EXTRUDE LOUVER (Flying Horse Pattern)
THK25mm STL ANCHOR CLIP (GALV. FINISH)
1400
1400
300 77
1400
1400
eB
1400
1400
Typ
1400
1400
Type A
1400
1400
377
ALUMINUM
30˚ ▲ Louver Arrangement 4
▲ Detail of Extrude Louver
100
▲ Enlarged Elevation
900
4100
6500
4800
6500
370 2030
1700
2180
6500
2160
6500
26400
2160
2000
5000
2000
5000 1000 2000
163˚
900
7500
2000
8150 2075
900
2075
8400 VAR. 180˚
179˚
178˚
177˚
176˚
175˚
174˚
173˚
172˚
171˚
170˚
169˚
168˚
167˚
165˚
165˚
164˚
164˚
163˚
163˚
163˚
Louver Transition
B'
B Angle Transfer section
Angle Transfer section 9000
HALL
▲ Section B-B'
5
3 7 6
4
4'
2
5 1
Main Entrance
▲ 1F plan 01 3 6 10
1 Lobby 2 Lounge
3 Meeting room 4 Exhibition Hall
4' Exterior Exhibition 5 Information Center
6 VIP Waiting room 7 Office
2050
MODULE DIM. THK 6mm ST'L ANCHOR CLIP (GALV. FINISH)
THK3 AL. SHEET
SET-ANCHOR
THK75 INSULATION
AL. LOUVER
1000
1000
VAR
THK24mm LOW-E GLASS
THK3 AL. SHEET 300 250
2000
□ 250X150X6T /PAINT
ALUM. EXTRUDE LOUVER THK1.2mm E.G.I. PANEL W/ INSULATION
5950
CH.8000
500 400 400 400 400 400 450
660 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 340
□ 50X50X3.2T ST'L PIPE (GALV. FINISH)
4
▲ Section Detail 01 6
3000
THK30 STONE 355
4'
▲ Section Detail 02
270
THK20mm ST'L ANCHOR CLIP (GALV. FINISH)
▲ Under Construction / Jun. 2014 ⓒ Haeahn Architecture, Inc.
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02 ALGERIA NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
Algeria, a North African country located on the southern coast of the Mediterranean, has a strong presidential system and a bicameral parliament consisting of 144 Upper Chamber and 389 Lower Chamber members. This project was a nominative tender for the country’s new parliament building, which is centrally located in the bay of Algiers, the capital of Algeria. The Algerian government, the project client, asked for an innovative design for the new building that would become a unique landmark for the city and the country. In this project, UN Studio was responsible for the main design of the building, and I was in charge of design production including plan development, making a physical model, and 3D animations.
Professional Work Haeahn Architecture + UN Studio, NL Jan.2014 - Mar.2014
The major concept was based on the lines of the Algerian flag, which symbolizes prosperity and peace. To emphasize the symbol of Algerian future, our team directly reflected the shape of the crescent and star into the volumes, separating three functions. The parliament constitutes of an ensemble of volumes, the central star is the Upper Chamber, the outer crescent is the Lower Chamber, and in between are spaces to share. By designing the building intuitively, we intended it to be visible from the Mediterranean Sea and even from the sky.
Located in: Mohamed Belouizdad, Alger, Algeria Client: Algerian goverment GFA: 172,886m2 Worked mainly on PD Being participated as a Designer (Design Productions)
ALGERIA SITE
Physical Model
Upper Chamber
Common Chamber
8
Lower Chamber
â–˛ Algerian Flag
Aerial view
Common Chamber View
9
The volumes are organized on a central axis, horizontally connecting the main programmatic blocks. The star-shaped Upper Chamber is distributed at the ground level, leading to the central hall. It has a large inner courtyard that connects the common space. The crescent-shaped Lower Chamber is organized through a spine that connects the hall and space for the deputies’ chambers. The common space in between the Upper and Lower Chambers is organized into the restaurant, library, and common chamber and is accessible from the star hall for the MPs and through two bridges from the crescent volume.
3
4
Entrance for Representatives
2
2
0
10
30
50m
1st Floor Plan 1 2 3 4
Library Section Legislative Department Office for Representatives Seats for Representatives
10
2nd Floor Plan 1
1 2 3 4
Administrative Office Seats for Senators and Representatives Restaurants Information Center
Section Model
Lower Chamber
Common Chamber
Upper Chamber
3
1
4
2
Entrance for Senators
1
1
3
4th Floor Plan 1 Office for Senators 2 Seats for Senators 3 Coordination area
11
03 SEOUL UPCYCLING CENTER Professional Work Haeahn Architecture Jan.2013 - Mar.2013 Located in: Yongdap dong, Seoul, Korea Client: Seoul Metropolitan Government GFA: 16,549m2
This project is an upcycling center, which consists of workshops where people can make and sell works or household goods by reusing waste trash. The site is located where the byproducts of cities and industries, such as water reclamation centers, recycling sheds, and used car markets, gather. I was involved in the project competition with five other team members and took part in all of the phases, including the fundamental concepts and planning. The main idea is the recycling belt that visualizes the principle of upcycling. This belt runs from floor to wall, to ceiling, and back to the floor, wrapping the programs and the visitors with circulation. I modularized the recycled materials to form the elevation of the recycling belt so that the image of recycling would be perceived intuitively.
Worked mainly on Competition Being participated as a Main Designer (Concept / Design and Planning / 3D Visualization)
Seoul KOREA
Recycling
12
Modulizing
Recycling Belt
Recycling Park
Art Village
Energy Generator
Belt Interior View
13
Physical Model
Each program is divided mainly into workshops, support facilities, and exhibition and sales facilities. I arranged workshops, an exhibition hall, cafeterias, etc. vertically on the Gabion Wall, which contained the materials of by-products generated during the construction process. The first floor consists of a large workshop, considering unloading and logistics flow, and the second floor is composed of the main entrance and the plaza. On the third, fourth, and fifth floors, workshops are clustered at various scales.
2
3
2
1 1
3
4
4
1
1
5th Floor Plan
1 Ateliers
1
1
Open Space
5 1 4th Floor Plan
Workshop / Loading
Retail / Promotion
6 01 3 6
Supporting Facilities
14
10
1 Atelier 2 Lecture room 3 Seminar room 4 Community room 5 Cafeteria 6 Workshop 7 Gallery
6 3rd Floor Plan
7
1
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
X7
X8
X9
X10
X11
X12
4 3 1
2 1
1
4 1
3
2
4 4
4
5 7
4 4
6 8
longitudinal Section 1 Atelier 2 Office 3 Cafeteria 4 Hall
5 Lobby 6 Workshop 7 Resource Room 8 Parking lots
15
04 CHUNCHEON CITY HALL
This project involved building the Chuncheon City Hall after demolishing the old, dilapidated building. The Chuncheon City Government, the project’s client, asked that the building be flexible enough to meet the requirements of the city government’s future organizational changes and play the role of satisfying the citizens’ needs.
Located in: Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea Client: Chuncheon City GFA: 39,506m2
I fully understood both of these needs in building the new City Hall. One was the requirement that it must be for its citizens. To meet this requirement, I had to create as much public space for citizens as possible and incorporate the natural environment so that they could come to the City Hall, even without any official business, and walk around. Another requirement was that it must be for the government employees. Today’s government officials in Korea are called “iron rice bowls,” meaning that their job security is virtually guaranteed and thus it is hard to expect any flexibility in how they work. The new City Hall must be thus a place promoting creativity where its people can communicate freely with each other and respond swiftly to changing needs.
Worked mainly on PD / SD / DD Being participated as a Main Designer (Concept / Design and Planning / 3D Visualization / DD Drafting)
I proposed a design plan imitating the Parc de la Villette in Paris, in which small and large masses scattered around the land get together and are shaped into a sculpture park. In this case, the large mass is the main building while small masses are amenities for the citizens and the legislature, with Chuncheon’s natural environment inserted in between.
Professional Work Haeahn Architecture Jan.2015 - Sep.2016
Completed in 2018
I have been involved in this project as a main designer from the competition stage. The project is soon to reach completion. I have been responsible for all of the main design, from ideation to shaping and flat-surface section, while participating in design development.
Chuncheon Seoul
KO R E A
City Hall as a Sculptural Park (My suggestion) The site was covered with park space just like a green carpet, with cubes of varying sizes arranged by the city's grid and level. Between the cubes thus arranged, pedestrians can walk freely from any point.
Compact
Open space
Courtyard
City Hall
Separation
Sight
Auditorium Cultural Asset #107
Public Square
City Assembly
Green Carpet
16
Squares
Urban context
Physical Model
17
Façade System
Interlocking Balconies
The façade changes in terms of the depth of its density, like an ink wash painting. I borrowed the shape of bamboo, the symbol of Chuncheon City, as the motif of the louver design, producing an effect where it grows more transparent as it goes up. To this end, I arranged the vertical louvers by making them look like bamboo joints after folding them with a triangle pillar, with their shape tapering off as they go up.
Typical floor is an open floor, the layout of which can be changed at will as needed. The courtyard in the middle is made up of interlocking balconies where people can interact with each other. The interlocking design, which adds extra space in the workplace (as it is free from floor area calculations), can help the employees have instant meetings, engage in club activities, and rest.
Geometry
Shade
Opaque
Vision
Concrete
Insulated Glazing Unit Operable Window
Insulation
Shade Box
Triangular Prism
▲ Detail of Facade System
18
▲ Coutyard View
7th Floor (Typical) (GL +28,100) Workplace Document room Meeting room Collaborative Balcony
4F Plan (GL +15,950) Lecture room Library Gym Meeting room Collaborative lounge
2F Plan (GL +5,400) Cafeteria Gallery
19
20
â“’ Haeahn Architecture, Inc.
21
05 AL RAYYAN AL QADEEM STATION MASTER PLAN Professional Work Haeahn Architecture Jan.2017 - Sep.2017
Under Progress Located in: Al Rayyan Al Qadeem, Qatar Client: Qatar Railways Company GFA: 86,200m2
Qatar has been constructing new urban infrastructure in preparation for the 2022 Qatar World Cup. The client, Qatar Railway, has been expanding subway lines in the Doha and Al Rayyan areas and planning various Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) projects on the sites where stations will be located. TOD is a project to develop mixed-use programs by utilizing infrastructure while developing stations. Our team was assigned one of the stations, Al Rayyan Al Qadeem (ARAQ), and was asked to propose a master plan for each of three options. Of the three options, Alt3 has been finalized and is currently in the CD stage. I was involved from the beginning of the project to the SD stage. During the planning stage, I was exclusively charged with one of three options, Alt2, and then I developed one of the four zones in the DD stage. My zone was a Villa-like upper-class apartment complex, for which I designed the layout, units, and facilities. All work was done with Revit Tools. Since the main program was residential, it was essential to consider the culture and customs of Qatar.
Worked mainly on SD / DD Being participated as a Main Designer (Concept / Design and Planning / 3D Visualization / DD Drawings )
Alt 01
Alt 02_Perspective View
22
Alt 02 (My suggestion)
Alt 03
Process of Alts
Alt 01 Tunnel Metro Vents/Utilities Top of Concourse North Entrance
Alt 02
â–˛ ARAQ Station is located at the bottom of the site, and the connecting tunnel crosses the site. In addition, there are pop-ups on the ground with heights of around 4 m. Therefore, the development plan needed to consider the location of the station box and the tunnel. â–ś Alt2 is a design that integrates the already divided the land into one building from above. Since the location of the metro pop -ups or entrances is already fixed on the ground level, I put moveup d the mass to the upper level and planned the retail and the residential thereion. To make an urban square, I created a recess in the mass that would encompass the entrance.
Alt 03
Alt 01
Alt 02
Alt 03
23
A' A
Section A-A' 24
The project is composed of four individual themes of difference programs mixed in four zones. I was in charge of Zone 4, which is a secured mid-– upper residential compound surrounded by the a low-rise neighborhood. Zone 4, named Gated compound Compound, consists consisted of 248 units’ clusters, public facilities, and several outdoor open spaces.
1
1 6
2
3
4
5 Interior
Unit Plan 1 Bed room (including Bathroom) 2 Master's room (including Bathroom) 3 Receptions
Above: Outdorr view Below : Interior view
4 Dinning 5 Kitchen 6 Maid room
Following Qatar’s custom, I planned private spaces to be wholly separated from the living room. The bedroom is basically composed of a set, including a bathroom and a dressing room.
Pixelated Screen Glass Window Stone Grid
Solid Balustrade Stucco Wall
Stone Panel
Facade Detail 25
06 NPS HEADQUARTERS
This is the new main building for Korea’s state-run National Pension Service (NPS) Investment Management center. The project was completed in 2016, following an architectural design contest for separate office and dormitory buildings that would blend well with the existing structure.
(National Pension Service Investment)
I took part in the construction project from the competition to the actual design stage as a main designer. During the design stage I was responsible for mass and façade designs in particular, though I participated in the whole process, including the flat-surface section.
Professional Work Haeahn Architecture Jun.2014 - Dec.2016
Of the eight-story building, the six top floors are used for office spaces, and the bottom two are for business support and amenities. The exterior of the top, consisting of metal plates and glass panels, symbolizes the transparency of pension fund management, and the bottom part is covered with limestone panels to represent the stability of the fund’s asset management. In the façade design, I particularly highlighted the fund’s environmental friendliness by incorporating the pine-tree pattern, the main emblem of NPS Investment Management.
Completed in 2016 Located in: Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Korea Client: National Pension Service (NPS) GFA: 19,030 m2 Worked mainly on PD / SD / DD / CD Being participated as a Main Designer and CA Support (Concept / Design and Planning / 3D Visualization / DD Drafting / Fabrication Support)
To the south of the building, I inserted horizontal metal louvers and horizontal blinds into window frames to function as lightshelves. To the building’s northwest, I blocked the sunlight by finetuning the angle of the vertical metal panels. At the design development stage, I ensured that the number of modules would be minimal in consideration of the frames’ cost; at the same time, texture could be expressed to the fullest. In this process, I was in charge of the cooperative work with the environmental friendliness team.
4 1 2 1 Office 2 Lobby
3 Welfare Facilities 4 NPS HQ Entrance
650
1,500
4,300 700
900
550
3
145˚
145˚ 169˚ 1,300
700
157˚ 600
2,600
▲ Detail of Facade Module
▲ Module Composition 26
27
2 3
8
7
3
6th Floor Plan 6 4
3
1
View 2
5
5
5
5
1 2 3 4
Workplace Lounge Meeting room Atrium
5 Manager's office 6 Pantry room 7 Storage 8 AHU room
7 6
1 View 1
4
3 2
1st Floor Plan 1 2 3 4
8
South Elevation 28
West Elevation
Lobby Cafeteria Gym Reception room
5 6 7 8
Resting room Bank Guard room Storage
View 1_Lobby View
North Elevation
View 2_Atrium View
East Elevation 29
07 CERAMIC DRAPE PAVILION Additive manufacturing using 3D-printing technology
Arch 205 / Fall 2019 UC Berkeley Aug.2019 -Oct.2019 Individual Work Type: Academic, Studio One research Site: Albany, CA, US Instructor : Ronald Rael (rrael@berkeley.edu)
30
This is a research project to explore a new cladding system for the facade using the 3D-printing technique. Using the existing house, the studio’s goal was to express the client’s desire to make this house be shown for an object itself or a gallery of the contemporary ceramic arts. As a part of the collection, I thought the facade could be made up of hundreds of ceramic art pieces, and I studied different ways of arranging these pieces using simple clay-prototype. The task consists of two parts; design of 3D-printed clay unit and development for cladding system using Grasshopper. I proposed a brick cladding system that simple unit not only can create any complex shapes like mosaic but also can achieve structural stability as an independent wall.
Self-Supporting Wall 01 I A ceramic unit 02 I Stacking units with gaps in each layer 03 I Stacked wall 04 I Stacked wall in a corrugated form allowing the structure to stand without supports
01
02
03
04
3d-printed clay units can be stacked in various forms, from which I found the possibilities of stacking manner that could make the stand-alone shells. The diagram on the left shows the way the shell drapes over the house in the lightest manner. Designwise, a ceramic shell gently wraps around the house in a veil-like look. The corrugated form of the shell brings not only aesthetical meaning but also a structural implication that the shell can support itself without additional structures.
Existing building facade
Using Grasshopper, I populated the point grids of varying densities and distances on the surface in order to locate the clay units. Each clay units hit the surface perpendicularly in a normal vector at the point grids. Elevations above show how these ceramics create the veil-like form by rotating and dispositioning, according to the corrugated contours. Horizontal metal plates derived from the contoured surface profile hold the ceramics up and down as fixing the entire shell system stable with fasteners and L-shaped angles.
Pre-determind the ground boundaries to reflect the functional contexts 06 05
04 03
7�
02
Design the form by manipulating surface control points
Completed Form in draped veil
01
1. Ceramic filled with Concrete 2. Metal Plate 3. L-Shaped Angle
4. Mullion 5. Fastener 6. Glass Panel
31
Material Research I Technology
01 I The Hand
a.1
02 I The Hand Tool
a.2
03 I The Machine
b.1
b.2
c.1
c.2
The repeatable unit is the primary tectonic strategy for architectural ceramics components, particularly the brick, the tile, the panel. The methods of manipulation that have driven their production have ranged from the hand to the hand tool, to the machine. Before developing a new cladding system, Studio One’s first research was to get used to the property of clay and ceramics and to explore how to make clay using from primitive methods to up-to-date technology. I created a series of singular architectural elements (panel) using each of these strategies, employing a process of serial repetition in their creation. a.1, a.2 Repetitions of clay by the hand craft b.1, b.2 ReRpetitions of clay by the hand tool craft c.1, c.2 Repetitions of clay by the machine craft
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Upperline Baseline
45Ëš 3D-printed ceramic prototype
Rotating the upper line to a 45-degree angle from the baseline, this prototype looks simple but has faces subtly changing according to the perspectives. Each face is able to have various elements such as iteration of hooks or patterns by manipulating G-code in grasshopper.
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1’-7”
4’-8”
1’-1”
5”
1
2
4’-8”
3
5
8
4’-1”
4
9
6
10 7
Enlarged Elevation
Enlarged Section A
1 Ceramic filed with concrete 2 Window header mulion 3 Glass panel 4 Extruded metal frame 5 Metal plate 6 L-shaped angle 7 Fastener 8 5/8” Gypsum board 9 Batt insulation 10 Vapor permeable air barrier membrane
Enlarged Plan
34
5’-2”
T.O.PARAPET 28’-0” A
10’-6”
ROOF 22’-6”
1
LEVEL 2 12’- 0”
12’-0”
3 2
LEVEL 1
Section
The wall from new cladding system can stand as an independent structure separate from the existing building structure. The light and shadow that come inside by the wall create another pattern and surround the exhibition space.
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08 3D-PRINTED SHELTER Research of 3D-printed Vaults & Dome
Arch 205 / Fall 2019 UC Berkeley Oct.2019 - Dec.2019 Team Work with 1 member Type: Academic, Studio One research Site: Al Malam, Darfur, Sudan Instructor : Ronald Rael (rrael@berkeley.edu)
36
This project explores the design of vaults and domes through the development of non-planar toolpaths through 3D printed clay models for the design of a 3D printed temporary shelter, that is protected by a roof structure made of wood with fabric as a prototype for 3D printed construction in Sudan, Africa. The issue our studio had to include speculation on a multi-space structure enclosed by dome/ vaults, stairway development, and fenestration. Considering how the repetition of curvature in the form of a sine-wave along the curve can contribute to the structural integrity of shelter, our research focused on the feasibility of manufacturing 3D printed clay structure in the real world. We thought that for feasibility, there were three kinds of requirements we had, the first one is “making fast and simple, but satisfy the basic function of the house”, and second, “embedding furniture and lintels to not only reinforce structure but also diversify its function to improve the quality of life”, and the last, “making each house to be easily distinguished in the real world, so that refugees are able to recognize their house without confusion by having their own identity”.
Eulerian loop
Continous tool path
Assemblying village
01 I Physical model, scale 1:50
We started with the floor plan, which has three basic needs (sleeping, gathering, eating and cooking), plus, a porch to make the refugee house a more private and well-organized layout by composing four different spaces with Eulerian loop. Using this logic, printing a house with one continuous path is possible. We did experiments such as creating a column-like shape in the middle of the tool path or using a Kangaroo physics to be structurally stable, and finally got a prototype for refugee. For the master plan, we imagined that we can make hundreds of refugee houses with different types of assembly. This has the possibility of having courtyards and streets, as well as private outdoor space.
A
1 5
5
We placed three parts around the central gathering space with denser corrugation that works as column and help us printing more stably. At the bottom of column, some seats are created by printing so people could sit around and have a chat.
2
3
02 I Tool path from grasshopper
4
03 I Floor plan 5
A'
1 Entrance / Porch 2 Gathering space 3 Eating & Cooking space 4 Sleeping 5 +a space for refugees
0
1
04 I Section A-A' 0
1
37
I . Lintels to become shelves
II. Lintels to keep mud from collapse and help ventilation through micro-hole
III. Lintels connected with roof fabric to protect from wind blast
IV. Mud furniture intergrated with wall
In order to support the wall above windows, the lintel is necessary. And we wanted to figure out if there are other structural functions or architecture elements which can be integrated through embedding Besides experimenting with the traditional lintels that follow the shape of upper layers, we also did experiments with other shapes. When the width of the lintel is wide enough and insert inside of the wall, it can function as a shelf, so people can put something on the lintel. With reasonable distance and direction of embedding some extended lintels could work as stairs. Also, some lintels could be roof structure that connects the fabric with mud. The joint can stretch fabric more than the other part, so it could create a pattern that differentiate each unit.
Lintel interconnections between layer chunks
38
Extruder
Center point
Concrete Basement
Construction Strategy using 3D printing robot
1/50 scaled model mocking up
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09 PRIMITIVE HUT Sculpted in Additive Manufacturing
Arch 205 / Spring 2020 UC Berkeley Mar.2020 -May.2020 Individual Work Type: Academic, Studio One research Site: Berkeley, CA, US Instructor : Ronald Rael (rrael@berkeley.edu) https://youtu.be/nf5sJ3nh27s
40
Located in the California Native section of the Berkeley Botanical Garden, this project seeks to consider the realization of a “3D printed shelter� for visiting scholars by using and developing novel tectonics that Studio One has investigated in the last semester. As I have seen throughout the semester, simple and traditional construction technologies are not primitive, but highly developed strategies for construction that were refined over the last 10,000 years and responsive to their context. In this project, in pursuit of the possibilities of additive manufacturing, I brought new technologies such as 3D printer and robots into the primitive hut with some thoughts from traditional Korean architecture in terms of dealing with nature. This new vernacular design aims to achieve how new technology can provide us memorable moments.
One of the main concepts of traditional Korean architecture is how to interrelate with nature; there are some strategies such as elevating deck for the prospect, using natural materials and passive systems, and having a resemblance to the nature-scape. I applied them to each component in a design. The house consists of four elements; roof-shading, wood shell, demising walls which are made up of mud, and gradually elevated floors. I used 3D printing technology into the mud walls and these have a large portion of the hut. Continuously printing a series of demising walls allows space in between where a person can occupy. I focused on this void in between.
Elevated deck
Materials from nature
Nature-scape
Elevated open-air deck, Byungsanseowon, South Korea
Passive system
Series of demising walls https://youtu.be/8AJ9cp9XokM
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1
2
3
4
5
6
4 3 2
5 6
1
42
Section A-A'
01 3 5
10’
1 Sleeping space 2 Bathing space 3 Excreting space
4 Porch 5 Dinning space 6 Cooking space
3D-printed walls iterations, mud
A series of demising walls have a different texture and embedded furniture to each other, having different functions. Some walls have arch-shaped fenestrations within limits of the gravity that mud printing can allow. The space between walls can be designated according to the function of the walls. For example, the space in between walls with a dome-shaped oven and fireplace can function as a kitchen. There are six spaces enclosed by seven demising walls. Firstly, the entrance is elevated so people can slightly go down to each program. The left side of the entrance are private spaces, and the right of it are public spaces so that the guest can choose a direction as he/she needs. Cooking space has a fireplace inspired from the traditional Korean kitchen. Learning from the traditional way of heating a space, I applied the Ondol system into the cooking wall. The principle of this uses conduction, radiation, and convection at the same time. During cooking, hot airs and smoke from the fire go to a small gap underneath the floor and the heat can last longer by a stone floor which functions as thermal mass.
4
1
6
5
3
2
Ondol system 1 Butu-mak (Stove) 2 Agungi (Fireplace) 3 Gorae (Hypocaustflues system) 4 Guduljang (Flat stones) 5 Wind Drop (Prevents excessive pressure increases) 6 Guldook(Chimney)
https://youtu.be/qu3PXXSBnmM 43
a
Retractable shade
Retractable rod
3D printed joint iterations
Fabric shades hanged on a retractable rod is automatically movable back and forth by folding its shape. When sunlight is intense or rainy, you can open and unfold it like an umbrella. https://youtu.be/JUJEMzuH-Cw
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3D printed joints give another a sense of exerting craftsmanship with parametric iterations. To assembly the sticks, each one has a different angle following the angle of the shape of the wood.
Wood decking 2x6” wood joint 2x6” wood beam Typical joint, 3D printed 3D-printed wall, mud Retractable rod
Mat footing, Concrete Pelvic joint, 3D printed
0
1
3’
15" 12" 15"
Section detail a
0
1
3
5’
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A gantry is replaceable with either 3d printer and robot arms so that you can use them in the construction phase. When you equip a 3d printer into gantry and start 3d printing with mud and concrete (01-02), decking and flooring follow right after (03). After printing, you can change the printer into the robot arms and settle the main wood stick to support structure (04-06). Then you can install the rest of the pieces on by one (07-10). When you cover the shade in and outside as roofing, finished. (11-12)
Gantry (adaptor)
3D printer
Robot arm
Construction Sequence
https://youtu.be/rJ8XZ4tEPGM
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01
02
03
07
08
09
1:1 Physical 3D printing, mud
04
05
06
10
11
12
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10 CITIZEN'S FACADE Rehabilitation of Old Chungnam Government Building
The First Prize Docomomo Korea Design Competition, 2010 Jury: Hyosang Seung, Munsung Kwan, Min Lee, Jungdong Kim, Eokjung Kim
Competition Work Mar.2009 - Jun.2009 Collaboration as a leader with 2 members :Sehee Kim, Seunghee Han Role: Concept / Drawings / 3D Visualization
The Japanese colonial rulers divided Korea into 13 provinces and built provincial government office buildings. Constructed in 1932, the South Chungcheong provincial office building was one of them, and today it reminds us of the painful past. Even after the 1945 Liberation the building remained the site of the provincial government. Recently, it was handed over to the citizens of Daejeon after the provincial government decided to move the government complex elsewhere. The architectural competition for the old provincial office building was intended to gather ideas for conservation of the nation's modern history and how best to utilize the site. At the time of the initial construction of Daejeon, city planners located the government office building at the margin of the city. As time passed, however, the city has expanded far behind the building and now the building has become an obstacle that blocks the flow of foot traffic between the old city and the new city. I proposed a new landscape that will blur the borders between the old and new cities. This site is not a building, but a landscape architecture design that will coexist with the area's modern cultural heritage. I have tried to give back the faรงade, the symbol of old authoritarian rule, to the citizens' hands and create a new faรงade in which the citizens in motion could be in control.
1963 1983 1990
Chungnam Provincial office, 1932
Boundary of the old city
Isolation
Chungnam Provincial office, an Obstacle Expansion of the city
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The provincial office, which was blocked by wall polarized the old and the new city without following up the mainstream of the community. People were not able to recognize the cultural possibility of a provincial office, and scattered along the wall.
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Proposal: Lift up the terrain, a New faรงade for citizens The provincial government building, surrounded by walls on all four sides, is closed off from the outside and has not been able to respond to the citizens' demands. In addition, a milelong underground shopping arcade along the old city's axis is cut off abruptly because of the building. My design plans suggested that the walls put up by the provincial government be demolished and the terrain in the back of the building be lifted up. In this way, the landscape on the surface will play the role of a public park that can connect people's foot traffic naturally while the underground arcade that is currently blocked will be repurposed for a variety of cultural programs and linked to the surface. With these design changes, it will be possible to see the flow of the old city, formerly disconnected with the new city, revived by reconnecting the landscape on the surface and underground.
Lift up the Terrain
Disconnected flow
Underground shoppoing archade
Reconnect the flow
Fold roof to conncect the space
Roof Made Using Origami I imagined the site as a large panel and set the beginning and end points. I developed the site by creating a large "stramp" (a ramp blended with stairs) as if it were origami paper. It is possible to make various angular points with origami paper depending on how you fold it. If the point is at the bottom, you can enter the building. If the point is at the top, the public park will be further expanded. From the top to the bottom of the roof, which is folded up like a piece of paper, people can freely move and enjoy rest and programs. The entrance to the building was created by widening the gap. I divided the pathways and green areas depending on the degree of slope.
Concept Model - Origami Paper
Front Elevation
Model - Ramp detail showing roof Entrance
Roof Plan
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Roof sculpture park Entrances
2F Plan (New) Exhibition Hall Cafeteria
2F Plan (Old) Office Retail Shops
1F Plan (New) Main Lobby Exhibition Hall Cafeteria
B1F Plan Entrance from Underground commercial street Auditorium Library Book Cafe
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The Back View (Image Above)
Interior View (Image Below)
The landscape's front side has a faรงade representing the old city and modern past while its back has an entirely different faรงade that reflects the new city's features. The back is divided into different masses depending on clusters of the new city's small landscapes and buildings. It is thus naturally melded into the cityscape.
The gap created by the roof can become a skylight that lets the sunlight into the interior. At the contact point between the interior and the roof level, the gap will become the door into which people can step. The space on the second floor is an open plan where various exhibitions and events can be held.
West Elevation
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A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
2 2
2 4 1
4
Interior
3 Ent.
9
9
Ent.
8
8
5
6
7
Main Ent. Ground Level Plan
Second Level Plan
B A
C D E F G
Floor plan / Sections 1 Courtyard 2 Exhibition Hall 3 Main Lobby
4 Cafeteria 5 Auditorium 6 Library
7 Book Cafe 8 Office 9 Retail Shops
East Elevation
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Physical Model_1:300
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3D printed Mock-up I tried to create a complex surface that is either a park, an entrance to a building, or an urban facade by folding or splitting wide slopes with various angles. I used a 3D printer which allows simulating accurate physical models as a means of testing mock-up surfaces.
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11 PLATFORM UNBOUNDED International Community Center in Itaewon, Seoul
Bachelor's Thesis Spring 2010, Yonsei University Mar.2010 - Jun.2010 Individual Work
EXCELLENCE AWARD (The 2nd Prize) Yonsei Architecture Award, 2010 Jury: Yoongyoo Jang, Haven Knight Published on - Architecture and Culture Vol.358 / 2011
Korea is a country consisting of a single race, and it is hard to find any place where people from all around the world can mingle. The only such place is I taewon, by far the most exotic location in Korea. Originally conceived as a residential area for Japanese nationals in the occupation era before 1945, this district near Seoul's downtown has since transformed into a U.S. Army base with attendant commercial development that has attracted foreign tourists and expats alike. However, the hardware (architectural environment) of this area has not caught up with the software (cultural diversity). This is probably because of the area's hilly geographical features that pose obstacle to free interaction and communication. Located on a hillside, Itaewon's roads and dwellings were formed along contour lines, with the five-lane boulevard (a width of 66 feet) bisecting the neighborhood and further exacerbating the physical isolation. I have thought long and hard about how to help diverse populations with different national, religious, and gender backgrounds gather together by overcoming physical barriers. My proposal consisted of building an "urban void" that would link the upper and lower quarters of the district. This urban void would play the role of a city plaza while acting as a platform supporting a variety of international cultural programs, thereby taking full advantage of Itaewon's interesting mix of people from all over the world.
Foreigners LGBT Local Public The Poor Muslims
The City, Disconnected The five-lane boulevard across Itaewon cuts off the area's upper and lower quarters by a height of 40 feet. The district has since gone through differing levels of development, w i t h t h e u p p e r a rea e n j o y i n g m o st o f t h e f r u i t o f commercialization, resulting in a disconnect between the two sections. I proposed that the street level in the upper area be directly connected with that of the lower area through a large step-shaped platform. With this new architectural feature, I submitted that the flow of people would be restored.
Recover the contour
SITE
Commercial Residential
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Settle down in slope
Flow in between layers
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Form Development For the "hardware," I wanted to integrate the district's buildings fully with the existing geography. For the "software," I have developed a design that will allow programs to interact effectively in the space.
01_Concept Model I have divided the pathway and program in chunks with the open steps joining the two sections of the neighborhood at the center. Spanish Steps
02 I have adjusted the height of the steps so that people can participate in the program by stopping in the middle of the steps.
03 I have created the building's outline with the distinction between solids and voids in mind.
04 I have designed the floating mass a s f l at s o t h at i t ca n b e ea s i l y distinguished from the lower open steps while drawing up a public park in the upper area.
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Proposal: Floating Platform By floating the mass, I have created a platform free from the hilly terrain and the isolation created by the boulevard. This is a barrier-free space consisting of a flat open floor with no walls or levels. This is also the only street-accessible elevated park in Itaewon.
40 ft
Tear down all abandoned buildings on the slope that have blocked the link between the upper and lower districts.
Put in steps linking the upper and lower terrains, so that the steps work as a main pathway hub. The stairs connect inner programs on multiple levels.
Float the top-level mass to be at same level as the upper skyline to have natural flow within the city matrix.
05 Final Model
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Bogw ang St
5
2 4
St
1
Itae
won
3 A
A'
5 4
6
Elevation A-A' 01 3 6 10
1 Retail Shops 2 Culture Center
3 Exhibition Hall 4 Education Center
5 Floating Library (above) 6 Steps
View 1_Interior View
The platform will house a library with large holdings of books in different languages. It will also provide a variety of educational content and support cultural events for its international residents. The programs will be offered at different levels of the square so that people can meet and talk to each other constantly in the central open steps.
Floor Plans 1 Hall 2 Communication Field 3 World Book Collections 4 Retail shops 5 Exhibition Hall 6 Study room
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7 Workshops 8 Digital Library 9 Courtyard 10 Cafeteria 11 Kid’s Library
2 1
1
Entrance West
View 1
Mixing Zone
3
2F Plan (GL +5,000)
Foreign Zone
Entrance North Educational Zone
4
6 4
Community Zone
5
Program Distribution
1F Plan (GL +200)
Entrance Station
4 Roof Garden
6 8
7
9
Pocket Park
B1F Plan (GL -6,000)
Digital Kiosk
5
Market place
11 10
1
Open air Theater
B2F Plan (GL -12,000)
Entrance South
Open Spaces
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2
Street-accessible Elevated Park Pedestrians can get to every corner of the building through the step-shaped square. As this urban void is connected with the building and the public park from any level or any path, the possibility of people encountering each other is heightened and thus communication maximized. This square will help people thus far hidden behind the isolated architecture step out in the open and interact actively regardless of their cultural, gender, or religious backgrounds.
Low-E Laminated Glass
1/9 Sloped roof
7
A
77 77 T100 Galvanized Pipe T80 Insulation T40 Aluminum Pipe 2,670
77 77
T40 Oil Stain T20 Protective Mortar Liquid Waterproofing Insulation+T50 Extruded Cover Urethane Waterproofing
I-Steel T30 Water Oversaturated Spray
Handrail
600
A
C-Stud (100x50x3) T30 Lime stone
Supply Airduct (Thermal Insulation)
Supply Airduct (Thermal Insulation)
Supply Airduct (Thermal Insulation)
Molding Acrylic
Light Box Panel (Walnut FIN)
A'
Line Diffuser Return Air
Plastic Paint on Galvanized Steel U-Baffle
T17 Topakustik Panel FIN: Maple
Transparent Double Glazing: Low-E Glass
Steel Plate T30 GFRC 275 Translucent Double glazing Urethane 20/150/35 T20 GFRC
▲ Section A-A’ 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
5
10m
Courtyard Communication Field World Book Collections Exhibition Hall Digital Library Cafeteria Gateway to the station Elevated Park
Galvanized Pipe □-100X50X4 T1.2 Galvanized Steel Glass wool 50T (24Kg/m) Painting Finish on T15 Gypsum Board 2PLY
500
1,000
T15 Glass handrail (Extra White) T20 Water Sanding Plain Concrete T3 Urethane Waterproofing T15 Protective Mortar
◀ Section Detail T1.2 Galvanized Steel 0.5B Masonry Waterproofing T22 Walnut Wood Flooring Plywood 50X50 Scantling
9mm Bolt 38 Carring U-Baffle
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75
75
0
1
2m
I drew construction drawing sets for this project considering how all substructures such as building skins, mechanical and structural systems can be integrated well in the real building. I specially used the GFRC panel as an exterior skin system which can be pre-fabricated in factory.
8
1
3
5 4
6
A
View 1
View 2
View 1_The Bogong Street View
View 2_Courtyard View
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12 ASTRONOMERS' CRATER International Museum of Astronomy in Chile
Arquideas Award, 2014 Jury: Cazu Zegers / Adrian Welch / Maria Langarita
Competition Work Jan.2014 - Feb.2014 Collaboration with 1 members: Taewook Kang
A star fell on the vast land in the midst of Chile. The place where the shooting star fell was sunken, creating a crater with hills surrounding it. Star-lovers around the world gather around this place and communicate and share interests through the stars. This place will be a center of star enthusiasts and astronomers. The Hills of the crater provide height, creating the ground from which to observe the stars. Two radio telescopes installed on the hills offer the best places for astronomical observation. The Beds of the crater serves as the area for those with astronomy mania to observe stars with their own equipment, or rented equipment, while having conversations with one another. Five wings of the Nova-bed in steps also allow 360-degree observations of the constellations. This building is not a space with a fixed route as in traditional museums. Instead, users can decide the beginning and the end point of their experience. Priorities and routes of programs are up to individual visitors’ autonomy. Users can experience attractions they are interested in as they wander around, like spacewalking among programs.
RUTA27
Trace of a Shooting star.
Make HEIGHT Shaping the hills.
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Make AREA Tracing the star-shaped crater.
DIG off Vacating out the Square.
Open GATE Drawing in people into the Square.
PLAY on the field Wandering in and out around the program.
San Pedro de Atacama
The Hills of the crater provide height, creating the ground from which to observe the stars. Two radio telescopes installed on the hills offer the best places for astronomical observation.
The Beds of the crater serves as the area for those with astronomy mania to observe stars with their own equipment, or rented equipment, while having conversations with one another. Five wings of the Nova-bed in steps also allow 360-degree observations of the constellations.
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Atacama Desert : The most clear observing site in the Earth. This building is not a space with a fixed route as in traditional museums. Instead, users can decide the beginning and the end point of their experience. Priorities and routes of programs are up to individual visitors’ autonomy. Users can experience attractions they are interested in as they wander around, like spacewalking among programs.
A' 3 3
Main Ent.
1
4
2
4 A Ground Level Plan
9 8
6
10 5
7
11
4
Planetarium The planetarium located at the center of the plaza opens up and visitors can observe the stars with overlapped digital projection.
Basement Level Plan 1 2 3 4
Lobby Information Center Telescope Exhibition Hall
5 6 7 8
Section A - A’
4 4
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6
Planetarium Experience Field Cafeteria Shops
9 Media Center 10 Ballroom 11 Education Center
Visitors entering the lobby can go in and out of the museum during the experience. They may walk out to the star field and look up the stars in the sky, and then return to the inside and study the stars. Visitors with significant interest in observation, may go straight to the observatory.
3
5
6
9
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