publish
e
d by Stav ros Ko utsant onis
“Man started with two basic ways of controlling environment: one by avoiding the issue and hiding under a rock, tree, TENT or roof (this led ultimately to architecture as we know it) and the other by actually interfering with the local meteorology, usually by means of a CAMPFIRE.� -Reyner Banham-
Thesis Statement To provide a fully adaptable stand alone infrastructure with the capability to shelter in any location and climate.
Description Our main goal for this semester was to answer the question of: What constitutes Transformable Architecture? Transformable Architecture that has the potential to be self deployed, and that would allow for programmatic specific user ship. Transformable Architecture that possesses an inherent flexibility to be constructed, adapt to its context, and then deconstruct in reverse. Our research began by investigating the implications of Kinetic structures with regards to program, space, and cultural relationships. As we began to understand the properties that lie between the physical, 3D and 4D realms we were able to analyze and illustrate specific typological means of self deployment in a specified environment. Within these typologies a new pattern of organization needed to operate, a system that could migrate and transform into radically different scales and formations. In effect, a vast array of organizational models became available, which would ultimately adapt in a variety of context and would operate not as representations of architecture but as organizing principles for architecture.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
THEORETICAL RESEARCH 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10 11-12
hoberman sphere continous surface system pop-up concepts instant cities reyner banham burning man
ARCHITECTURAL MACHINE DEVELOPMENT 13-14 15-16 17-18 19-20 21-22 23-24 25-26
visual response surface analysis typology perspective typology plan and elevation_1 typology plan and elevation_2 typology deployment system analysis / pad usership
CONTEXTANALYSIS 27-28 29-30 31-32 33-34 35-36 37-38
system configuration overall site theme village general camps circulation specified zones
MATERIAL RESEARCH 39-40 41-42 43-44 45-46 47-48 49-50 51-52
base tensile structures pink inc. interactive window shopping pacific domes flexible solar panel / rubber sidewalks thermal barriers / radiances environmental preservation initiative
SYSTEM 53-54 55-56 57-58 59-60 61-62 63-64
day and night montage transformability / usership detail exploded axonometric detail infrastructual system rendered montages
THEORETICAL RESEARCH
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Figure 1 Hoberman Sphere A Hoberman sphere is a structure that resembles a geodesic dome, but is capable of folding down to a fraction of its normal size by the scissor-like action of its joints. A Hoberman sphere is not a true sphere, but a polyhedron known as an icosidodecahedron. The Hoberman sphere can be unfolded by allowing certain members to spread apart. This can be accomplished by feeding out a string or cable in the larger models. The operation of each joint is linked to all the others in a manner conceptually similar to the extension arm on a wall-mounted shaving mirror.
Figure 2 Hoberman Hemisphere The Expanding Geodesic Dome blossoms open from a 1.5-meter cluster to a 6-meter structural dome when pulled open from its base. When deployed it has the same shape and triangulated pattern as Buckminster Fuller's static, geodesic dome, taking this seminal historic structure into the 21st century.
1
HOBERMAN SPHERE
Figure 3 Iris Dome / Expandable Dome The Iris Dome is a retractable roof that transforms like the iris of an eye. As it extends and retracts, transforming the space inside it from indoors to outdoors, its perimeter remains essentially fixed and stable. In its extended state it forms a lamella dome whose members display a pattern of interlocking spirals. The Iris Dome has rigid covering panels attached to its structural members. These panels smoothly glide over one another to make a continuous skin that covers the dome when it is fully extended.
Figure 4 Hoberman Arch The Hoberman Arch was the centerpiece of the Olympic Medals Plaza during the 2002 Winter Olympics. Designed by Chuck Hoberman, it was used as the curtain for the stage, opening like the iris of an eye to reveal a duplicate cauldron in the floor behind the medals platform.
2
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Figure 5 Continuous Surface System Unique hybrids of both structure and mechanism, folding structures are "shapes that grow themselves" – fluidly transforming from tight and compact bundles to strong yet graceful structural elements. This is a highly flexible system, whose structures exhibit smooth, stable expansion and contraction. One can design a collapsible truss of virtually any shape. Whatever the specified shape, it does not change as the truss is expanded and contracted.
3
CONTINUOUS SURFACE SYSTEMS
Figure 6 Expanding Helicoid Beginning as a tight cluster, the Expanding Helicoid smoothly expands to fill the spiral staircase at the center of Discovery World's permanent biotech exhibit. Visitors have the remarkable sensation of being inside the sculpture: As it contracts, it seems to disappear into the stairwell; as it expands, it seems to grow like a living plant. Bound by two spirals, like the DNA double helix it resembles, the helicoid itself is like a living organism, evolving as it expands.
Figure 7 Iris Dome @ The Moma This exhibit at MoMA signaled the introduction of a new type of retractable roof that opens and closes like the iris of an eye, transforming the space inside between indoors and outdoors. The Dome has rigid covering panels attached to its structure; they glide smoothly over one another to form a continuous skin covering the dome when fully extended.
4
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Figure 8 Pop Up Retail Concept These initiatives have a tendency to pop up unannounced,quickly draw in the crowds, and then disappear or morph into something else, adding to retail the fresh feel, exclusivity and surprise that galleries, theatres and Cirque du Soleil-adepts have been using for years. To the delight of consumers, who are increasingly used to MASSCLUSIVITY and PLANNED SPONTANEITY.
Figure 9 Vacant Club Turning POP-UP RETAIL's temporary theme into a long term formula is Vacant, an exclusive retail concept and exhibition store that opens for one month only in empty spaces in major cities including New York, London, Tokyo, Shanghai, Paris, Berlin, Stockholm and Los Angeles, showcasing a range of one-off, hard to find and strictly limited edition products from established brands and emerging designers. Limited quantities are available, and not all products on display can be purchased. New store locations are announced by email to Vacant Club members only moments before opening. 5
POP UP CONCEPTS
+
+ Figure 10 Commes des Garçon Guerilla Store
The whole concept gives consumers something that can be perceived as exclusive, discovery-driven and ‘get it while it lasts', while Comme des Garçons taps into an entirely new channel for quickly introducing new items around the world, in funky areas catering to a funky clientele.
Figure 11 Pop-up nightclubs The SoCo Cargo Experiment, created for Southern Comfort, consists of four shipping containers that can be stacked side by side or on top of each other, like giant building blocks. SoCo Cargo can be assembled within a day, with an entirely adaptable interior. The venue usually contains a bar, stage and lounge area, but the main focus varies per location. One time it will be a nightclub, next time a live music venue or art gallery, popping up by the side of the road, near a festival, carnival or other outdoor event. 6
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
INSTANT CITIES
1 2 3 4
Instant City Typologies
5 Figure 12 Archigram - Instant City
Military Operations in Iraq Aaron Nicholls
2
Scaffolding, found in numerous cities around the globe
3
Media infrastructure, following events in every city around the globe
4
Fire Response Emergency Camp, chasing fires throughout America
5
Nighttime taco stands, Boyle Heights, LA, CA Alan Guillen
Figure 13 Instant City Typlogies
Instant City is a mobile technological event that drifts into underdeveloped, drab towns via air (balloons) with provisional structures (performance spaces) in tow. The effect is a deliberate overstimulation to produce mass culture, with an embrace of advertising aesthetics. The whole endeavor is intended to eventually move on leaving behind advanced technology hook-ups.
7
1
8
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
INSTANT CITIES
1 2 3 4
Instant City Typologies
5 Figure 12 Archigram - Instant City
Military Operations in Iraq Aaron Nicholls
2
Scaffolding, found in numerous cities around the globe
3
Media infrastructure, following events in every city around the globe
4
Fire Response Emergency Camp, chasing fires throughout America
5
Nighttime taco stands, Boyle Heights, LA, CA Alan Guillen
Figure 13 Instant City Typlogies
Instant City is a mobile technological event that drifts into underdeveloped, drab towns via air (balloons) with provisional structures (performance spaces) in tow. The effect is a deliberate overstimulation to produce mass culture, with an embrace of advertising aesthetics. The whole endeavor is intended to eventually move on leaving behind advanced technology hook-ups.
7
1
8
DEGREE PROJECT
REYNER BANHAM
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
BM
A HOME IS NOT A HOUSE
BM
“Man
started with two basic ways of controlling environment: one by avoiding the issue and hiding under a rock, tree, TENT or roof (this led ultimately to architecture as we know it) and the other by actually interfering with the local meteorology, usually by means of a CAMPFIRE,
which, in a more polished form, might lead to the kind of situation now under discussion. Unlike the living space trapped with our forebears under a rock or roof, the space around a campfire has many unique qualities which architecture cannot hope to equal, above all, its freedom and variability. The direction and strength of the wind will decide the main shape and dimensions of that space, stretching the area of tolerable warmth into a long oval, but the output of light will not be affected by the wind, and the area of tolerable illumination will be a circle overlapping the oval of warmth. There will thus be a variety of environmental choices balancing light agrainst warrnth according to need and interest. If you want to do close work, like shrinking a human head, you sit in one place, but if you want to sleep you curl up somewhere different; the floating knuckle-bones game would come to rest somewhere quite different to the environment that suited the meeting of the initiationrites steering committee... and all this would be jim dandy if campfires were not so perishing inefficient, unre-
BM
BM
Tent as Enclosure
vs
Fire as Enclosre
Reyner Banham: A Home Is Not A House from: Art in America Number Two, April, 1965
BM BM = IMAGES TAKEN AT BURNING MAN
Figure 14 Cave vs. Campfire
Figure 15 Burning Man
9
10
DEGREE PROJECT
REYNER BANHAM
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
BM
A HOME IS NOT A HOUSE
BM
“Man
started with two basic ways of controlling environment: one by avoiding the issue and hiding under a rock, tree, TENT or roof (this led ultimately to architecture as we know it) and the other by actually interfering with the local meteorology, usually by means of a CAMPFIRE,
which, in a more polished form, might lead to the kind of situation now under discussion. Unlike the living space trapped with our forebears under a rock or roof, the space around a campfire has many unique qualities which architecture cannot hope to equal, above all, its freedom and variability. The direction and strength of the wind will decide the main shape and dimensions of that space, stretching the area of tolerable warmth into a long oval, but the output of light will not be affected by the wind, and the area of tolerable illumination will be a circle overlapping the oval of warmth. There will thus be a variety of environmental choices balancing light agrainst warrnth according to need and interest. If you want to do close work, like shrinking a human head, you sit in one place, but if you want to sleep you curl up somewhere different; the floating knuckle-bones game would come to rest somewhere quite different to the environment that suited the meeting of the initiationrites steering committee... and all this would be jim dandy if campfires were not so perishing inefficient, unre-
BM
BM
Tent as Enclosure
vs
Fire as Enclosre
Reyner Banham: A Home Is Not A House from: Art in America Number Two, April, 1965
BM BM = IMAGES TAKEN AT BURNING MAN
Figure 14 Cave vs. Campfire
Figure 15 Burning Man
9
10
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
BURNING MAN
BURNING MAN MISSION STATEMENT “Our mission is to produce the annual event known as "Burning Man" and to guide, nurture and protect the more permanent community created by its culture. Our intention is to GENERATE SOCIETY that connects each individual to his or her creative powers, to PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY, to the larger realm of civic life, and to the even greater world of nature that exists beyond society. We believe that the experience of Burning Man can produce positive spiritual change in the world. To this end, it is equally important that we communicate with one another, with the citizens of Black Rock City and with the community of Burning Man wherever it may arise. Burning Man is radically inclusive, and its meaning is potentially accessible to anyone. The touchstone of value in our culture will always be immediacy: experience before theory, moral relationships before politics, survival before services, roles before jobs, embodied ritual before symbolism, work before vested interest, participant support before sponsorship. Finally, in order to accomplish these ends,
BURNING MAN MUST ENDURE AS A SELFSUPPORTING ENTERPRISE THAT IS CAPABLE OF SUSTAINING THE LIVES OF THOSE WHO DEDICATE THEMSELVES TO ITS WORK. From this devotion spring those duties that we owe to one another. We will always burn the Man.”
Figure 16 Burning Man
Figure 17 Burning Man
11
12
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
BURNING MAN
BURNING MAN MISSION STATEMENT “Our mission is to produce the annual event known as "Burning Man" and to guide, nurture and protect the more permanent community created by its culture. Our intention is to GENERATE SOCIETY that connects each individual to his or her creative powers, to PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY, to the larger realm of civic life, and to the even greater world of nature that exists beyond society. We believe that the experience of Burning Man can produce positive spiritual change in the world. To this end, it is equally important that we communicate with one another, with the citizens of Black Rock City and with the community of Burning Man wherever it may arise. Burning Man is radically inclusive, and its meaning is potentially accessible to anyone. The touchstone of value in our culture will always be immediacy: experience before theory, moral relationships before politics, survival before services, roles before jobs, embodied ritual before symbolism, work before vested interest, participant support before sponsorship. Finally, in order to accomplish these ends,
BURNING MAN MUST ENDURE AS A SELFSUPPORTING ENTERPRISE THAT IS CAPABLE OF SUSTAINING THE LIVES OF THOSE WHO DEDICATE THEMSELVES TO ITS WORK. From this devotion spring those duties that we owe to one another. We will always burn the Man.”
Figure 16 Burning Man
Figure 17 Burning Man
11
12
ARCHITECTURAL MACHINE DEVELOPMENT
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.1
2.6
4.5
6.5
8.5
) td
40˚
(lo ce
Phototopic
60˚
80˚
40˚
20˚
40˚
60˚
60˚
20˚
0˚
20˚
n
0˚
io
40˚
80˚
60˚
20˚
ct un
20˚ 40˚
80˚
60˚
20˚
0˚
Region dominated by rods Region dominated by cones
20˚
0˚
20˚
60˚
40˚ 40˚
80˚
60˚ 60˚
40˚
Adapted from Hood & Finklestein (1986)
80˚
er
is
tic
80˚
s
e ag le am ib D oss P
st ty Be cui A
n tio od ra R atu ns S egi b
ic op ld ot sho Ph hre T
ic op old ot sh Sc hre T
Good color vison, Good acuity
Poor color vison, Poor acuity
80˚
n ri pe pa te hi w of an in m Lu
lF
Mesotopic
Sunlight
ct
Scotopic
Indoor Lighting
ua
Starlight Moonlight
ce
0.70
Vi s
-0.22
ha ra
-2.4
C
-4.0
40˚
80˚
R et
in
al
Ill
um in
an
il
60˚
80˚
20˚
Starlight
g
m et D ia
Dusk
20˚
2.4
0˚
4.0
20˚
5.5
40˚
6.6
60˚
Lu
7.1
Daylight
80˚
8
80˚
6
40˚
4
60˚
2
Photopic Vison
0
Mesotopic Vision
-2
Scotopic Vision
-4
er
-6
Pu p
m in
(m m )
an
ce
(lo
g
cd
0˚
/m ˚)
20˚
40˚
60˚
VISUAL RESPONSE
80˚
VISION
Figure 18 Luminance Sensitivity
Figure 19 Visual Functions
There is a direct qualitative and quantitative correlation between luminance levels and the visual response system. Figure 6 expresses these relationships in linear chart. The eye responds to varying levels of luminace through the dialation and contraction of the the pupil that activate either photopic, mesopic or scotopic vision.
Photopic, mesopic and scotopic vision respond to differenct levels of color, movement and brightness. Photopic vision is active under normal lighting conditions. Scotopic vision occurs when ther is no longer enough light for color perception. The rods are active in this stage exclusively providing monochromatic vision. Mesopic vision is the combination of both photopic and scotopic vision. The rods are activited for increased sensitivy while the cones detect colors in low lighting situations
13
14
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.1
2.6
4.5
6.5
8.5
) td
40˚
(lo ce
Phototopic
60˚
80˚
40˚
20˚
40˚
60˚
60˚
20˚
0˚
20˚
n
0˚
io
40˚
80˚
60˚
20˚
ct un
20˚ 40˚
80˚
60˚
20˚
0˚
Region dominated by rods Region dominated by cones
20˚
0˚
20˚
60˚
40˚ 40˚
80˚
60˚ 60˚
40˚
Adapted from Hood & Finklestein (1986)
80˚
er
is
tic
80˚
s
e ag le am ib D oss P
st ty Be cui A
n tio od ra R atu ns S egi b
ic op ld ot sho Ph hre T
ic op old ot sh Sc hre T
Good color vison, Good acuity
Poor color vison, Poor acuity
80˚
n ri pe pa te hi w of an in m Lu
lF
Mesotopic
Sunlight
ct
Scotopic
Indoor Lighting
ua
Starlight Moonlight
ce
0.70
Vi s
-0.22
ha ra
-2.4
C
-4.0
40˚
80˚
R et
in
al
Ill
um in
an
il
60˚
80˚
20˚
Starlight
g
m et D ia
Dusk
20˚
2.4
0˚
4.0
20˚
5.5
40˚
6.6
60˚
Lu
7.1
Daylight
80˚
8
80˚
6
40˚
4
60˚
2
Photopic Vison
0
Mesotopic Vision
-2
Scotopic Vision
-4
er
-6
Pu p
m in
(m m )
an
ce
(lo
g
cd
0˚
/m ˚)
20˚
40˚
60˚
VISUAL RESPONSE
80˚
VISION
Figure 18 Luminance Sensitivity
Figure 19 Visual Functions
There is a direct qualitative and quantitative correlation between luminance levels and the visual response system. Figure 6 expresses these relationships in linear chart. The eye responds to varying levels of luminace through the dialation and contraction of the the pupil that activate either photopic, mesopic or scotopic vision.
Photopic, mesopic and scotopic vision respond to differenct levels of color, movement and brightness. Photopic vision is active under normal lighting conditions. Scotopic vision occurs when ther is no longer enough light for color perception. The rods are active in this stage exclusively providing monochromatic vision. Mesopic vision is the combination of both photopic and scotopic vision. The rods are activited for increased sensitivy while the cones detect colors in low lighting situations
13
14
DEGREE PROJECT
SURFACE ANALYSIS / KINEMATICS
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Plan/Elevation
Plan/Elevation
expanded/contracted contracted/expanded
expanded/contracted contracted/expanded
15
16
DEGREE PROJECT
SURFACE ANALYSIS / KINEMATICS
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Plan/Elevation
Plan/Elevation
expanded/contracted contracted/expanded
expanded/contracted contracted/expanded
15
16
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
ILE OF PR
L
D
NE IN SK
17
E AC RF U TS OF
E AC RF U S
18
S
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
ILE OF PR
L
D
NE IN SK
17
E AC RF U TS OF
E AC RF U S
18
S
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PLAN ELEVATION_1
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
1
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
10
19
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
20
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PLAN ELEVATION_1
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
1
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
10
19
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
20
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PLAN ELEVATION_2
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
11
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
16
12
17
13
18
14
19
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
15
21
22
DEGREE PROJECT
TYPOLOGY PLAN ELEVATION_2
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
11
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
16
12
17
13
18
14
19
PLAN
PERSPECTIVE
ELEVATION A
ELEVATION B
15
21
22
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Iteration 8
Single Opening
Iteration 15
Double Ended Openings
23
TYPOLOGY / DEPLOYMENT
Iteration 9
Double Opening
Hybrid Iteration
Single Opening Perpendicular Pull
Deployable Canopy
Iteration 1
24
DEGREE PROJECT
SYSTEM ANALYSIS / PAD USERSHIP
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
E
JOINT ARM SINGULAR USER
RAIL
16 MODULAR PADS
+1
ROLLER
E
M
E
JOINT
MULTIPLE USERS
48 MODULAR PADS
ARM RAIL ROLLER
E
M
E
MULTIPLE USERS
220 MODULAR PADS
25
+20
26
+10
DEGREE PROJECT
SYSTEM ANALYSIS / PAD USERSHIP
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
E
JOINT ARM SINGULAR USER
RAIL
16 MODULAR PADS
+1
ROLLER
E
M
E
JOINT
MULTIPLE USERS
48 MODULAR PADS
ARM RAIL ROLLER
E
M
E
MULTIPLE USERS
220 MODULAR PADS
25
+20
26
+10
CONTEXT ANALYSIS
CONTEXT ANALYSIS
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
BURNING MAN SITE
27
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
GRID OVERLAY
DENSITY OF ACTIVITIES AROUND THE FIRE / SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
28
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
4+ 4+
OVERLAPPING ZONES
7+
1+
NEW PROGRAMMATIC ZONES
5+
EX
4+
7+
IS
TIN
G
CO
NN
EC
TIO
NS
3+
29
SITE ANALYSIS OVERALL
4+
NEW SYSTEM
1+
1+
7+
3+
3+
3+
RADIAL INFLUENCE 7+
#+ EXISTING CONNECTIONS
NEW NEW RADIAL CONNECTIONS INFLUENCE
EXISTING RADIAL NEW TYPOLOGY INFLUENCE
30
EXISTING OVERLAPPING TYPOLOGY ZONES OF INFLUENCE
NUMBER OF POTENTIAL PARTICIPANTS FROM SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
2
3
THEME VILLAGE
31
1
2
SITE ANALYSIS / THEME VILLAGE
4
AREAS OF INTEREST
3
4
5
6
32
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
2
3
GENERAL CAMPS
33
1
2
SITE ANALYSIS / GENERAL CAMPS
4
AREAS OF INTEREST
3
4
5
6
34
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
2
3
CIRCULATION
35
1
2
SITE ANALYSIS / CIRCULATION
4
AREAS OF INTEREST
3
4
5
6
36
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
EXISTING RADIAL INFLUENCE
NEW CONNECTIONS
NEW TYPOLOGY
37
SITE ANALYSIS / SPECIFIED ZONES
NEW RADIAL INFLUENCE EXISTING TYPOLOGY
100’0”
OVERLAPPING ZONES OF INFLUENCE
100’0”
EXISTING CONNECTIONS
38
MATERIAL RESEARCH
MATERIAL RESEARCH
DEGREE PROJECT
BASE TENSILE STRUCTURES
Figure 21 Unique Temporary Fabric Sculpture
Figure 22 Exterior Envelope / Interior Space
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
We have now completed the installation of the unique temporary fabric structure at the serpentine gallery in London. The structure, designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Zaha Hadid, is 5.5 meters in height and is formed by three identical fabric parasols arranged around a central point. The inspiration for the design was nature, such as petals & leaves.The structure acted as a focal point for the galleries world renowned Fundraiser “The Summer Party� Base Structures were responsible for the patterning, manufacture and installation of the fabric membranes .
No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass.Interactivity works even with gloved hands. A range of holographic or diffusion rear projection screens can be selected dependant upon the application requirements. Screens are suitable for use in high ambient light conditions. Wide range of screen sizes available Engineered for use with standard shopkit (www.shopkit.com) fittings for easy installation into a shop window. Info rmation Point unit can be supplied in glass or acrylic
39
40
DEGREE PROJECT
BASE TENSILE STRUCTURES
Figure 21 Unique Temporary Fabric Sculpture
Figure 22 Exterior Envelope / Interior Space
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
We have now completed the installation of the unique temporary fabric structure at the serpentine gallery in London. The structure, designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Zaha Hadid, is 5.5 meters in height and is formed by three identical fabric parasols arranged around a central point. The inspiration for the design was nature, such as petals & leaves.The structure acted as a focal point for the galleries world renowned Fundraiser “The Summer Party� Base Structures were responsible for the patterning, manufacture and installation of the fabric membranes .
No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass.Interactivity works even with gloved hands. A range of holographic or diffusion rear projection screens can be selected dependant upon the application requirements. Screens are suitable for use in high ambient light conditions. Wide range of screen sizes available Engineered for use with standard shopkit (www.shopkit.com) fittings for easy installation into a shop window. Info rmation Point unit can be supplied in glass or acrylic
39
40
PINK INC.
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
9’
9’
8’
17’
Small divide
20’
Large divide
27’
Continental divide
Figure 23 Wave Wall Wave Walls combine lightweight aluminum frames that easily snap together with white tension fabric covers that slip on and are free standing. The wave walls camouflages, direct traffic flow, produces a dramatic entrance or a creative stage set or backdrop as well being a portable projection screen.
Figure 25 Architectural Series These lightwieght free-standing structures are designed for space where riggring points are not available. There modular aluminum structure allows for quick easy installation and compact storage.
10’ x 6‘ 20’ x 15‘ 30’ X 20’ 60’ X 40’
TREE OF LIFE Figure 24 Mod Pod The ModPod is a lightweight fabric structure designed for ease of installation. Create lounges, temporary conference rooms, entrance ways and other private spaces with the ModPod.
41
Figure 26 Free Form Series Free form indicates tensile shapes that are compact, lightweight and easy to rig.
42
PINK INC.
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
9’
9’
8’
17’
Small divide
20’
Large divide
27’
Continental divide
Figure 23 Wave Wall Wave Walls combine lightweight aluminum frames that easily snap together with white tension fabric covers that slip on and are free standing. The wave walls camouflages, direct traffic flow, produces a dramatic entrance or a creative stage set or backdrop as well being a portable projection screen.
Figure 25 Architectural Series These lightwieght free-standing structures are designed for space where riggring points are not available. There modular aluminum structure allows for quick easy installation and compact storage.
10’ x 6‘ 20’ x 15‘ 30’ X 20’ 60’ X 40’
TREE OF LIFE Figure 24 Mod Pod The ModPod is a lightweight fabric structure designed for ease of installation. Create lounges, temporary conference rooms, entrance ways and other private spaces with the ModPod.
41
Figure 26 Free Form Series Free form indicates tensile shapes that are compact, lightweight and easy to rig.
42
INTERACTIVE WINDOW SHOPPING
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
ViP Interactive Poster (through window)
acrylic sheet Rear projection screen laminated to acrylic
ViP Interactive Poster (information point)
Window interactive unit laminated to the acrlic sheet (no external infrastructure required
screen controlled by touching the outside of the window
acrylic or glass sheet Rear projection screen laminated to interactive unit Interactive unit laminated to the acrylic/glass sheet
WINDOW SHOPPING
Figure 27 ViP Interactive Touch Screens
Figure 28 Product Features
If you are looking to take advantage of the expanding market for through window and internal interactive large touch screen solutions? Then the Visual Planet ViP Interactive touch overlay has been designed for you. By integrating our touch-screen technology on to glass or acrylic units, we have created an ideal platform for applying rear projection screens or mounting in front of LCD screens. For screens already installed in a shop window, the interactive overlay can be applied directly to the window to create a dynamic through window touch experience.
No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass.Interactivity works even with gloved hands. A range of holographic or diffusion rear projection screens can be selected dependant upon the application requirements. Screens are suitable for use in high ambient light conditions. Wide range of screen sizes available Engineered for use with standard shopkit (www.shopkit.com) fittings for easy installation into a shop window. Info rmation Point unit can be supplied in glass or acrylic
43
44
INTERACTIVE WINDOW SHOPPING
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
ViP Interactive Poster (through window)
acrylic sheet Rear projection screen laminated to acrylic
ViP Interactive Poster (information point)
Window interactive unit laminated to the acrlic sheet (no external infrastructure required
screen controlled by touching the outside of the window
acrylic or glass sheet Rear projection screen laminated to interactive unit Interactive unit laminated to the acrylic/glass sheet
WINDOW SHOPPING
Figure 27 ViP Interactive Touch Screens
Figure 28 Product Features
If you are looking to take advantage of the expanding market for through window and internal interactive large touch screen solutions? Then the Visual Planet ViP Interactive touch overlay has been designed for you. By integrating our touch-screen technology on to glass or acrylic units, we have created an ideal platform for applying rear projection screens or mounting in front of LCD screens. For screens already installed in a shop window, the interactive overlay can be applied directly to the window to create a dynamic through window touch experience.
No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass.Interactivity works even with gloved hands. A range of holographic or diffusion rear projection screens can be selected dependant upon the application requirements. Screens are suitable for use in high ambient light conditions. Wide range of screen sizes available Engineered for use with standard shopkit (www.shopkit.com) fittings for easy installation into a shop window. Info rmation Point unit can be supplied in glass or acrylic
43
44
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
PACIFIC DOMES
DESERT
HOT/ARID
DUBAI
Figure 27 Extreme Archeology: Desert Expedition On a scientific exploration of ancient sites, these Pacific Domes are highly valued for living spaces in a rugged environment.
PATAGONIA
BLUE COMMUNITIES
COLD/ARID
Figure 29 Blue Communities
Figure 30 Patagonia Expeditions
Nakheel, one of the world’s largest privately held property developers, recently announced two new developments, including a major sustainability project called “Blue Communities.” Pacific Domes sold a 90 ft. Projection Dome to Obscura Digital, which was used for the launch event in Dubai. Obscura’s full-surround projection technology showcased Nakheel’s new concepts to 500 leading figures (from government, industry and media) who attended the event.
Imagine an expedition to Antarctica in a small colony of red Pacific Domes on the ice pack of the most remote continent on earth. A strange and lonely landscape covered with ice and snow, yet cozy and warm bedded down in a Pacific Dome.
45
46
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
PACIFIC DOMES
DESERT
HOT/ARID
DUBAI
Figure 27 Extreme Archeology: Desert Expedition On a scientific exploration of ancient sites, these Pacific Domes are highly valued for living spaces in a rugged environment.
PATAGONIA
BLUE COMMUNITIES
COLD/ARID
Figure 29 Blue Communities
Figure 30 Patagonia Expeditions
Nakheel, one of the world’s largest privately held property developers, recently announced two new developments, including a major sustainability project called “Blue Communities.” Pacific Domes sold a 90 ft. Projection Dome to Obscura Digital, which was used for the launch event in Dubai. Obscura’s full-surround projection technology showcased Nakheel’s new concepts to 500 leading figures (from government, industry and media) who attended the event.
Imagine an expedition to Antarctica in a small colony of red Pacific Domes on the ice pack of the most remote continent on earth. A strange and lonely landscape covered with ice and snow, yet cozy and warm bedded down in a Pacific Dome.
45
46
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Solar Battery Pack Figure 31 Sunslick/Flexible Solar panels The Sunslick Flexible Solar Battery Charger has been specifically designed for marine and yachting applications and is perfect for battery maintenance and charging. Sunslick panels are waterproof and lightweight. Sunslick panels can be mounted on curved surfaces such as hatch covers, boat decks and vehicle roofs, it can be tied to sail covers, dinghies or canvas awnings. Sunslick panels can be used as temporary panels for occasional use or mounted permanently.
47
FLEXIBLE SOLAR PANEL / RUBBER SIDEWALK
A MODULAR SIDEWALK SYSTEM Easy and economical to install, tree roots grow less invasively beneath Rubbersidewalks offering a new strategy for sidewalk maintenance.
Rubbersidewalks are made of 100% recycled California tire rubber. Each square foot uses the rubber from one passenger tire.
Figure 32 Rubber Sidewalks Rubbersidewalks are high-density paving tiles made with recycled California tire crumbed rubber combined with polyurethane binder and colorant, then molded with heat under compression. This produces a strong and durable part that meets all requirements of sidewalk-worthiness, including stable grade, non-vibration in compliance with ADA requirements, and high coefficient of friction for non-skid both dry and wet. Rubbersidewalks are available in various sizes and colors, and are reversible. Known life per face is minimum eight years. Actual life per face is not known but is expected to exceed 12 years.
48
DEGREE PROJECT
THERMAL BARRIERS / RADIANCE
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Commercial Grade Polyimide/ULA Heaters 5.0 (127)
Polyimide/FEP Heaters
0.5 (12.7)
2.6 (66)
HK913J 275.0
HK5957P 9.22
solder pad
5.0 HK5952P (127) 23.0
5.0 (127)
HK913F 75.0
1.5 (38) 4.0 (101.6)
HK5956P 14.4
Silicone Rubber Thermofoil Heaters Adhesives
4.0 (101.6)
RTV Cement 7 g tube
3.0 (76.2)
Acrylic PSA
6 × 6 (152 × 152)
HR5175R176L12A 3.0 (76.2)
HK5955P 25.6
1.0 (25.4)
3.0 HK5953P (76.2) 19.2
3.0 (76.2)
5.0 (127) 176.0
1.0 (25.4)
HR5166 R529L12A
5.0 (127) 529 1.0 (25.4)
0.5 (12.7)
2.0 (50.8)
HK5954P 57.6
2.0 (50.8)
1.0 (25.4) 1.0 HK5951P (25.4) 57.5
2.0 (50.8)
1.0 (25.4) 157.0
HR5163R78.4L12A
Thermal-Tab™ Sensor S665PDZ40B
0.20 × 0.50 × 0.08 (5 × 12 × 2)
HK5950P
Winter: Stops Radiant Heat Flow out Windows
23.0
Summer: Reduces Heat into Buildings for Passive Cooling ClearDome Solar Thermal
Ingenious solar thermal products for everyday living, emergencies & survival
Aluminum heater
Silicone tube Heater wire
Aluminum foil Connecting Silicone heater wire Silicone tube terminal
Backing strip
Adhesive layer
Lead wire
Figure 33 Energy Efficient Thermal Barrier Fabric Made of a weaved, super tough high density polyethylene plastic that's coated with a thin, highly reflective metallized surface. The most effective winter use is hanging it on the inside of windows or skylights, where 50% of a building's warm air is lost to the cold outdoors. Thermal Barrier Fabric can be used in both summer and winter, indoors and outdoors, to restrict the natural flow of heat radiating inside when it's warm or trying to flow out a window when it's cold.
49
Figure 34 Flexible Rubber Heaters Silicone rubber Thermofoil™ heaters have etched-foil elements and are most suited to large-size, industrial and ruggedized applications. Silicone rubber is a rugged, flexible elastomer material with excellent temperature properties. High temperature capability to 235°C (455°F)
50
DEGREE PROJECT
THERMAL BARRIERS / RADIANCE
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Commercial Grade Polyimide/ULA Heaters 5.0 (127)
Polyimide/FEP Heaters
0.5 (12.7)
2.6 (66)
HK913J 275.0
HK5957P 9.22
solder pad
5.0 HK5952P (127) 23.0
5.0 (127)
HK913F 75.0
1.5 (38) 4.0 (101.6)
HK5956P 14.4
Silicone Rubber Thermofoil Heaters Adhesives
4.0 (101.6)
RTV Cement 7 g tube
3.0 (76.2)
Acrylic PSA
6 × 6 (152 × 152)
HR5175R176L12A 3.0 (76.2)
HK5955P 25.6
1.0 (25.4)
3.0 HK5953P (76.2) 19.2
3.0 (76.2)
5.0 (127) 176.0
1.0 (25.4)
HR5166 R529L12A
5.0 (127) 529 1.0 (25.4)
0.5 (12.7)
2.0 (50.8)
HK5954P 57.6
2.0 (50.8)
1.0 (25.4) 1.0 HK5951P (25.4) 57.5
2.0 (50.8)
1.0 (25.4) 157.0
HR5163R78.4L12A
Thermal-Tab™ Sensor S665PDZ40B
0.20 × 0.50 × 0.08 (5 × 12 × 2)
HK5950P
Winter: Stops Radiant Heat Flow out Windows
23.0
Summer: Reduces Heat into Buildings for Passive Cooling ClearDome Solar Thermal
Ingenious solar thermal products for everyday living, emergencies & survival
Aluminum heater
Silicone tube Heater wire
Aluminum foil Connecting Silicone heater wire Silicone tube terminal
Backing strip
Adhesive layer
Lead wire
Figure 33 Energy Efficient Thermal Barrier Fabric Made of a weaved, super tough high density polyethylene plastic that's coated with a thin, highly reflective metallized surface. The most effective winter use is hanging it on the inside of windows or skylights, where 50% of a building's warm air is lost to the cold outdoors. Thermal Barrier Fabric can be used in both summer and winter, indoors and outdoors, to restrict the natural flow of heat radiating inside when it's warm or trying to flow out a window when it's cold.
49
Figure 34 Flexible Rubber Heaters Silicone rubber Thermofoil™ heaters have etched-foil elements and are most suited to large-size, industrial and ruggedized applications. Silicone rubber is a rugged, flexible elastomer material with excellent temperature properties. High temperature capability to 235°C (455°F)
50
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
M.O.O.P.
MATTER..OUT.OF.PLACE
High Impact Moderate Impact Low Impact
Figure 35 Moop Map Matter Out Of Place; especially as it applies to Black Rock City and it’s Citizens. Moop can be anything fromcigarette butts, bottle caps, glowsticks, fireworks, but is often disguised as Debris (i.e. broken bits of Wood, Plastic, Metal, Glass, and Plants). It can also be a condition such as burn scars, Grey Water,Sand Dunes
51
DEGREE PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION INITIATIVE
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Figure 36 Miniature Wind turbines Motorwave Ltd. have developed Motorwind, a micro-wind turbine technology small enough for private use in both rural and urban environments. Unlike large-scale wind turbines, Motorwave’s micro-wind turbines are light, compact (25 cm rotor diameter), and can generate power with wind speeds as low as 2 meters/second.
M.O.O.P.
MATTER..OUT.OF.PLACE
High Impact Moderate Impact Low Impact
Figure 35 Moop Map Matter Out Of Place; especially as it applies to Black Rock City and it’s Citizens. Moop can be anything fromcigarette butts, bottle caps, glowsticks, fireworks, but is often disguised as Debris (i.e. broken bits of Wood, Plastic, Metal, Glass, and Plants). It can also be a condition such as burn scars, Grey Water,Sand Dunes
51
Figure 37 Motoriwnd Turbine According to tests, turbines arranged within a surface area of one square meter and a wind speed of 5 m/sec generate 131 kWh/yr.Installation of a 396 turbines wall with purpose of electricity generation for secondary eductional program and advertising.
52
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
DEGREE PROJECT
DAY / NIGHT MONTAGE
53
54
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
DEGREE PROJECT
DAY / NIGHT MONTAGE
53
54
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
55
TRANSFORMABILITY / USERSHIP
Performance A
Performance B
Performance C
56
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Fiber Optica
Flexible Solar Panel
Clear Dome Thermal Bar
Front Rubber Panels
5 1/4”
Back
3” 57
Section Detail 2”=1’
DETAIL
al Glow Tubes
120
20’0”
119
3 1/2”
rrier
5’0”
Section Detail 1/4”=1’
58
DEGREE PROJECT
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DETAIL / RENDERINGS
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Secondary Structure Fiber Optic Glow Tubes
Skin
Solar PV’s Clear Dome Thermal Shader Media Screen WInd Turbine
Primary Structure
Teflon Glider Light Weight Composite Members
Grid / Infrastructure Batteries Radiant Heating Weight Sensors Rubber Paneling Teflon Track System
59
60
DEGREE PROJECT
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DETAIL / RENDERINGS
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Secondary Structure Fiber Optic Glow Tubes
Skin
Solar PV’s Clear Dome Thermal Shader Media Screen WInd Turbine
Primary Structure
Teflon Glider Light Weight Composite Members
Grid / Infrastructure Batteries Radiant Heating Weight Sensors Rubber Paneling Teflon Track System
59
60
DEGREE PROJECT
INFRASTRUCTUAL SYSTEM
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
Light Weight Composite Secondary Structure/ Conduit
Light Weight Composite Main Structural Member
Water Tanks Battery Cells
Teflon Ball Joint Slider Infrared Heaters
Rubber Panel
Pressure Sensors
Infrastructure
Teflon Sidewall
Double Headed Ball Joint
Locking Channel
Detail Rendering
Perspective Rendering Back
61
Perspective Rendering Back / Open System
62
INFRASTRUCTUAL SYSTEM
Water Storage Battery Cells
Infrared Heaters
Pressure Sensors
Infrastructure
Perspective Rendering Back
Perspective Rendering Back / Open System
62
DEGREE PROJECT
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS
63
DEGREE PROJECT
RENDERED MONTAGES
63
64
S. KOUTSANTONIS / D. SOMERS