Childline KZN Annual Report by Sheila McCallum

CONTENTS: VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVES CHILDLINE IN KZN YEAR UNDER REVIEW Report by Chairperson Report by Director

3 4 5 5 7

PROJECTS 2009 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2010 Crisis helpline The Siyakhanyisa Project Protection of Children 1st Gold Peer Education Programme

9 9 15 17 17

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Durban Head Office Pietermaritzburg Sub Office Chatsworth Satellite Office Inanda Satellite Office KwaMashu Satellite Office Ladysmith Satellite Office Phoenix Satellite Office (Mahatma Gandhi Hospital) Maphumulo Satellite Office Ndwedwe Satellite Office Scottburgh Satellite Office (CJ Crookes Hospital) Umlazi Satellite Office

22 22 25 26 28 29 31 32 35 36 37 39

ORPHAN AND VULNARABLE CHILDREN PROGRAMME 1 Orphan and Vulnarable Children Programme 2 Therapeutic Database Monitoring and Evaluation Court Support Programme Boy Child Programme Advocacy and Networking Training

42 46 48 50 50 51 55 57

FUNDRAISING AND SOCIAL EVENTS Staff and Volunteers Donations

57 58 59

MISSION, VISION AND OBJECTIVES

MISSION

VISION

STATEMENT

To provide a children’s crisis counselling helpline. To work to reduce the prevalence of child abuse. To offer therapy to those affected by child abuse. To advocate and develop capacity on children’s rights.

“The development of a society free of child abuse in which every person takes responsibility for promoting the protection and rights of all children.”

OBJECTIVES To provide a Children’s Crisis Helpline that provides: A 24-hour crisis counselling service for children in danger or distress. A supportive, consultative service for all who are concerned about children‟s issues. Advice and counselling Encouragement and support for community members who report abuse. A networking and referral resource. To prevent and reduce the prevalence of child abuse by: Providing educational programmes aimed at promoting children‟s rights. Advising and educating parents/ caregivers and communities about children‟s rights and the need to protect them. Encouraging members of the public to report cases of suspected child abuse. Stimulating widespread discussion of children‟s issues Promoting sexual responsibility amongst children and preventing sexually aberrant behaviour. To offer therapy to victims of child abuse through: Programmes specifically created for victims. Programmes aimed at families to enhance family functioning. Rehabilitation of children displaying highly sexualized behaviour to help prevent abuse in the long term. Providing support for and preparing children and their families for the court process.

Advocate and develop capacity on childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rights by: Training volunteers and service providers on management of abuse. Advocating and contributing to policy development To ensure this is in the best interests of children. Ensuring effective and just management of abuse by working in collaboration with relevant stakeholders and co-ordinating all interventions at family and inter-professional levels.

CHILDLINE IN KZN South Africa has the highest rate of child abuse in the world. We have effectively robbed our children of their rights and continue to sit back and watch this situation get worse and worse. Crime and violence has escalated and, with it, children have become more and more vulnerable. We see daily how the very adults to whom children look up to, those in positions of responsibility, trust or power, force or coerce them to engage in unlawful sexual activities or violate them in ways such as prostitution, pornography and other perverted activities. Childline KwaZulu-Natal tries to make a difference in the lives of those who have had to endure unimaginable suffering. We have comprehensive programmes in place to deal with neglect and exploitation, focusing not only on bringing perpetrators to book but also on helping children and their families rebuild their lives, protecting victims and educating and raising awareness in order to prevent child abuse, neglect, and exploitation. This is a non-profit, non-government organisation that was officially launched in June 1986. It was the founding Childline office in South Africa and is affiliated to Childline SA, a national affiliation of the Child Helplines throughout the country. Childline is also a member of Child Helpline International. We thank our staff, our partners, friends, and board for the sustainability of Childline. We urge you to become a friend of Childline.

YEAR UNDER REVIEW REPORT BY CHAIRPERSON To my fellow Board members, our distinguished guests, the Director and staff of Childline KZN, our partners, friends, sponsors, funders and well wishers, a very good afternoon to you. It seems that it was just a moment ago that we convened the previous annual general meeting and not so long thereafter, we convene again. We are however striving to have these meetings brought closer to our financial year end, with minimum delay in between. A few years ago, when some of us took our seats at the helm, our objective and vision at Board level was amongst others, to create and ensure a self sustaining and financially viable operation. Achieving such an objective, was and never is an easy task. However, we were nevertheless pleased to report a surpluse for the past two to three years. Surpluses by nature, are a product not only of sound management internally, but also of cautious and prudent expenditure at all material times. We have in the past and will nevertheless continue, to implement monitoring systems, thereby monitoring funding into our coffers and payments that exit the offices, so to ensure long term sustainability. However, I am in no way suggesting that we become complacent, if anything this is a catalyst for intensive planning for a better tomorrow. Insofar as sustainability is concerned, we continually realize that our reliance on external support for internal operation and existence, does not manifest in the absence of limitations. Hence, we have embarked on aggressive marketing of our brand, by the enlisting of external assistance, so to enhance our financial position and sustainability. It became fairly common cause, that the recent global economic crisis, which led to the demise of many an NGO and other voices advocating childrens rights, could have equally impacted adversely on us. However, it seems that such worldwide financial crisis if anything, catapulted us into action. In time of financial adversity around us, the financial position of Childline KZN increased. At a financial level, we took a decision that recession would never come to our doors. Against the shadow of the integrity, sound business practice and prominence of Childline KZN, coupled with the tireless efforts of our Director, we became recipients of funding during the time when non governmental organizations were closing their doors. I am proud to report today, that Childline KZN did not during the period mentioned, shred its staff compliment or compromise services. We continued to honour salary increments and related payments, subsequent to the application of financial discretion. Again, we are not conveying our arrival at financial utopia, but simply our determination to challenge the bounds of adversity. We have in the past and will continue to advocate, principles of accountability within all spheres of Childline KZN. If you are a member of our staff compliment,you are duty bound to ensure that you execute your duties and related obligations with integrity and beyond question, and that you are equally held accountable if you have failed to do so. We will continue to apply discipline, to those who elect to depart from principles governing our working ethos.

As employers we honour our obligation insofar as salary, increment and end of year discretionary payments are concerned, and it is necessary that employees honour their obligation to us. We continue to monitor performance of employees to ensure that financial reward is in line with such performance. I deem it necessaryto applaud those within our ranks, that render their duties with passion, dedication and determination, so to extend the light of hope to the children of our province. I am aware that many travel long distances into rural areas, to ensure that the children in such areas are not forgotten, and for these efforts I thank you. We have over the years expanded in the sphere of service delivery and staff compliment, to the extent that our present offices have become constrained. Hence, we are eagerly seeking to acquire new office space, within the immediate vicinity of our current address, so to ultimately give rise to Childline Estate. Our aim to install a training centre at Childine House, appears to be gaining momentum, as we are now in receipt of architectural plans for such construction and we are further awaiting consent from those that own our building. We are determined to facilitate accessibility to the disabled, by the installation of a motorized chair from the ground level to the crisis line call centre and the training centre in question. We envisage that the training centre, will by virtue of our Seta accreditation, ensure not only training of the public, but also an enhancement of our financial position. At board level, we bid farewell to some board members who will no longer serve on the Board, such as Marcia Zungu, Nonku Sishi and Marisol Guetterez. To these individuals, we extend our thanks and appreciation for your efforts over the years. There are also individuals, who have sacrificed many of their weekday, Friday evenings and Saturday mornings to attend to issues of business of Childline and I accordingly extend my gratitude to the following Board members, Norman Moodley, Zuleka Sacoor, Deshin Pillay as well as our Director for such efforts. To our Director Linda Naidoo, the children of Kwazulu Natal are truly blessed to have you as their guardian. We have observed in the past year, your unselfish nature in which you were on diverse occasions ready and prepared to sacrifice your own interests for the sake of the office and the children of the province. You have also never in years, complained of issues pertaining to you. We are indeed proud to have you serve, as Director of Childline KZN and we are appreciative of all of your efforts and contributions to the greater cause of children. Ladies and gentlemen, what we have achieved thus far is simply but interim relief to the children of our province. The challenge facing us requires a greater contribution by those within our province, to ensure that the message is truly delivered. To this end, we are reliant on very bit of publicity and media coverage and financial support that we can obtain. To those of you that have walked this journey with us, we extend our innermost and utmost thanks and appreciation for all that you continue to do, and we encourage you to continue the journey with us, so that with you, we can create a better place for the children in our province, and no doubt a better life for our future leaders. It has been a remarkable experience being part of a team, that has done much to further the cause of children. Whilst serving on the board has been an enriching experience, I will be failing in my duty if I did not extend my appreciation to those that entrusted Childline KZN to us. I thank you Mervyn Sigamoney CHAIRMAN

REPORT BY DIRECTOR During this year of intense rebuilding and repositioning, we have progressed substantially to emerge as a growing and integrated organisation - but an organisation, not without challenges. Before I take you through the composite of the report it is necessary for me to make a few acknowledgments.

Good governance represents a critical path toward sustainable organisational development. The experience of many organisations suggests that weak governance and slow organisational development go hand-in-hand while improved governance fosters developmental success. In short, governance matters! So I want to commend the Board on their achievements for the yeara highly functional one under an expert chairmanship.

The board sub-committees - especially the finance sub-committee - has relentlessly pursued unfinished business to late hours of the night on many nights. This has provided additional support to the director to accomplish strategic and peripheral functions of the organization more rapidly. I also imported the Organisational Capacity Assessment from our Pepfar partner to assess the functioning of the board- and the outcome was indeed most commendable. So Mr Chair- well done you drive us hard but meaningfully and as a great visionary.

I think you would agree with me, when I say that the context for development in South Africa is ever changing. Childline, like all effective organizations, endeavoured to master the dynamic environment in which we pursue our mission. In the changing climate of legislative change, funding reduction and demanding social context, has presented both challenges and opportunities.

Reviewing of sustainability is an important aspect for any organization, especially an NGO. Considering the global recession and the reduction of funding to the NGO sector experienced in the past financial year, a great deal of work was needed to diversify our funding base and assess the overall relevance of our work. In the face of diminishing resources and difficult funding requirements and reporting processes, it has been challenging to navigate treacherous waters to stability.

What complicated our response was that these challenges had to be addressed in a province characterized by significant poverty and social need.

There has been tremendous pressure â&#x20AC;&#x201C; pressure to achieve on programmes, and more specifically, pressure to sustain and perpetuate them as best we can. We needed to balance this by positioning Childline where we can continue to meet the needs of the clients who need us the most â&#x20AC;&#x201C; our children.

Fortunately for Childline - given the relevance and scope of our

activities and the impact of strategic changes that have been introduced - we successfully navigated a difficult operating environment and continued to implement a wide range of programmes. I believe that, in a society where children need to feel secure, we cannot promise them a service that we cannot deliver. Childline has become a household name and we need to deliver on our promise – when we say to children “call Childline”- to be safe – this should not just be a punchline, but a reality. The Crisis line has been a pivot of support for children. The counselors are constantly striving to improve service delivery and ensure that children obtain immediate responses to their calls for help. I need to complement all those service providers who have been excellent in ensuring they respond to and collaborate our efforts. Much focus had been given to the World Cup, to preparing the organization to be available as a base at which children can be interviewed 24/7 and to training staff on the disaster plan of the Department of Social Development (DSD). Childline tried to foster the redevelopment of the Provincial Protocol on Child Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation and we worked with enthusiastic and diligent partners within the justice, police, health, victim empowerment and NPA sectors. We have found that we can best do it, by doing it together. We have experienced an extension of and increase in programmes. Our staff has increased and this created new administrative and structural challenges for the organization. A focus on debriefing the staff from three different sources has been provided and the plan to extend the building is being pursued. Despite a challenging year, our staff has remained motivated, hardworking and resilient. We have also encountered and attended to those who have displayed a very poor work ethic. In addition, we realized that certain functions that required specialization needed to be outsourced. There is much to be done – but we can‟t do it alone. We need to commit together in a cementing of relationships between all partners in the best interests of children. The annual contributions were compiled by the staff and management from the various projects. In light of this, I am providing the following report as a more detailed summary of our key operations. Looking ahead, 2010 will, no doubt present Childline with a number of new challenges and opportunities, key priorities will be consolidated. On behalf of everyone at Childline, I would like to thank all our clients; for trusting us to serve you. “Together, let‟s consolidate our partnerships in the best interests of our children” and our funders, our services to children continue to ensure a high quality of delivery.

Linda Naidoo

PROJECTS

CRISIS HELPLINE What we did: Calls are answered by trained counsellors who are available 24/7 to listen and to provide help and support in the strictest confidence. They are experienced in dealing with problems such as sexual, physical and/or emotional abuse, child abandonment, suicide, substance abuse, teenage pregnancy, trafficking, Satanism, behavioural difficulties, children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS, foster care, adoption, commercial exploitation, disability, discrimination, family relations, homelessness, legal issues, neglect, bullying, poverty, health problems, trauma, depression, refugee children and sexuality. About 5.8% of calls received each month were redirected to our therapeutic unit (which provides psychosocial assistance), court support and rehabilitation services. 4.2% of monthly calls were passed on to other service providers. The Crisis Line counsellors provided on-going management of 90% of the cases. How many calls per month? MONTH

NUMBER OF CALLS

April 2009 May June July August September October November December

30,556 23,000 29,000 20,603 19,702 22,833 20,498 20,510 19,205

January 2010

14,335

February March

Nil Nil

NB: there was a decline due to the electricity cuts on 3 days NB: there was a decline due to the electricity cuts on a daily basis for periods of 2-3 hours Data Voice was not operational during this period Data Voice was not operational during this period

What we found: An increase in alcohol and drug abuse by parents/ caregivers. An increase in the number of children raped by HIV+ relatives. 9

An increase in physical abuse by educators. An increase in the severity of physical abuse to such an extent that children were unable to walk, talk or function normally due to the injuries sustained. An increase in ill treatment of children suffering from HIV. Increased number of calls about children between the ages of 3-6 years old who had been left alone and without adult supervision and care. Increased incidents of extremely aggressive rape being used to punish children. Category of cases received on the crisisline Abuse 50 % Alternative care 1% Behaviour Problems 10 % Commercial exploitation 2% Disability 1% Discrimination 1% Family relationships 1% Homeless 1% HIV/ AIDS 1% Legal Issues 1% Neglect 16 % Trafficking 2% Bullying & school issues 2% Poverty 5% Physical Health 1% Psychological Health 1% Sexuality 1% Substance Abuse 3% Summary of table: the above table reflects emerging trends of trafficking and commercial exploitation and the abuse statistics remain high as the majority of trafficking issues have been reported as abuse.

Who we helped: Childline received a call from a community member who told us that a 10 year old child was being abused daily by the maternal aunt who had looked after her since her mother had died as a result of HIV/AIDS. Worried that the little girl would infect her children, the aunt eventually drove the child out of her house. The girl took shelter in a community hall and slept in the toilet. She was dirty and ate from rubbish bins. 10

Our counsellor gathered together as much information as she could about the child while providing the caller with advice and support. Together, the counsellor and caller explored various options for the interim care of the child. When the caller managed to find details of relatives, our counsellor called them, explaining the child’s predicament. Many of the relatives called appeared to be victimizing the little girl because of her HIV status and, despite the counsellor’s concerns, were not prepared to provide a home for her. Even though our counsellor met with much resistance, she was able to ensure the child’s safety. She eventually approached a community member to shelter her until Childline could place her elsewhere. The counsellor ensured that the child was visited and contacted the clinic in the area, informing the sister in charge about the child’s circumstances. Medical treatment and ARV therapy was provided and the girl was taken to a place of safety.

A concerned community member called to report a child who had been abandoned by his mother and was being abused by his grandmother and a neighbour. When the neighbour sent the child to a shop to buy dog food, the boy lost the money. The neighbour locked the child in his house, assaulted him and then burnt him with an electric iron and hot water. The boy had wounds all over his body and needed medical attention. His grandmother - who was aware of and witnessed the incident – didn‟t appear to care and refused to accompany the child to hospital. The community member who reported the case wanted to remain anonymous as she was afraid of the highly aggressive perpetrator who was a well- known drug addict in the community. Initially, the caller refused to provide the relevant details to the counsellor. Our counsellor responded by discussing the importance of reporting, the issue of anonymity and confidentiality and by emphasizing the fact that the child required urgent medical attention. The caller, however, wanted time to think through her decision and agreed to call back. The counsellor was concerned that she had not done enough to convince the caller to help. She was rewarded when the caller did call back and provided all the relevant details so that a case could be compiled. The counsellor networked with the community and arranged a home visit. The child was hospitalized due to the seriousness of his injuries. The counsellor liaised with the hospital on a daily basis and monitored the child’s progress. After a week, he was discharged and taken to a place of safety. The counsellor also reported the matter to the police and followed up with the investigating officer who confirmed that an arrest was made. The perpetrator is currently awaiting trial.

Childline received a call from a teacher who was concerned about one of the pupils in her class. The child was a paraplegic and attended a special boarding school. The teacher informed our counsellor that the pupil had told her that her uncle raped her on a daily basis during school holidays. He also threatened her with a knife. The child was traumatised and always crying. The counsellor felt it was imperative to speak to the child. The child explained exactly what had happened to her during the school holidays and said that she tried to tell her grandmother about the abuse but was not believed. Our counsellor provided support and reassurance, telling the child that the abuse was not her fault. She liaised with police regarding a statement and also arranged an appointment with the local district surgeon so that the child could be tested and receive follow-up treatment. The entire process was explained to the child. The counsellor provided the necessary supportive services and subsequently followed up to ensure the safety of the child. The child thanked the counsellor and Childline for helping her. Because the counsellor spoke to the police directly and encouraged the child to provide a comprehensive statement, the uncle was arrested immediately.

A concerned community member reported that a small child was being raped by her maternal grandfather on a daily basis. The grandfather would penetrate the child both anally and vaginally. The child was highly traumatised and unable to walk. Our Counsellor thanked the community member for reporting this case and, because the caller was afraid to provide further information, re-assured her that all details would be treated confidentially. After a little probing, our counsellor obtained the relevant information and immediately contacted 10111 for assistance. Because the policeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s immediate intervention was critical, the Childline counsellor liaised directly with the duty manager and then remained in touch with the police until an arrest was made. The counsellor simultaneously supported the child, telling her about the statement she had to give to the police. The little girl was placed in foster care. She has attended five sessions of psychosocial care.

few days and, on discharge, was provided with ARV treatment. However, Her brother destroyed this for unknown reasons. After collecting all the relevant information, our counsellor asked the sister to accommodate the child as a temporary measure so that arrangements could be made for her to be moved to a safer environment. Our counsellor reassured the sister who was hesitant to interfere as she also feared her brother. Ultimately, our counsellor managed to see to it that the girl was moved to a childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s home. Her elder sister called Childline again the following day, confirming that her sister had left and thanking Childline for the help.

Childline received a call from a mother who was crying hysterically and could not speak. Our counsellor, with much difficulty, managed to calm her. She told our counsellor that her daughter was being sexually abused by her father and her cousins. The child was raped by her cousins during the school holidays. When the child visited her father in August, he raped her. She was subsequently admitted to hospital where she underwent an operation due to severe injuries which meant she was unable to control her bladder and had to use nappies. Our counsellor supported and empathized with the mother, encouraging her to report the matter to the police. The counselor contacted the police. When the counsellor followed up with the mother, she confirmed that the police had taken a statement. The police subsequently arrested the father. Our counsellor has arranged therapeutic sessions with our social worker and the child has completed six therapeutic sessions. Additional psychosocial services will be provided.

Childline received a call from a sister who was concerned about her younger sibling. Their parents had died as a result of HIV/AIDS. Hers sister had been left with tenants in their parentâ&#x20AC;&#x;s house who neglected and abused her. The sister told us that her sister was HIV positive, constantly sick and on ARV treatment. It appeared that when the child concerned had started feeling sick again, the tenants took her to hospital where the doctor discovered that her CD4 count was 25. She was admitted for a few days and, on discharge, was provided with ARV treatment. However, Her brother destroyed this for unknown reasons. After collecting all the relevant information, our counsellor asked the sister to accommodate the child as a temporary measure so that arrangements could be made for her to be moved to a safer environment. Our counsellor reassured the sister who was hesitant to interfere as she also feared her brother. Ultimately, our counsellor managed to see to it that the girl was moved to a childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s home. Her elder sister called Childline again the following day, confirming that her sister had left and thanking Childline for the help.

THE SIYAKHANYISA PREVENTIONPROGRAMME: Enlighten the Youth What we did: Because the rate of abuse in South Africa is the highest in the world, we felt it was imperative to design a preventative program that would emphasize childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s rights, responsibilities, life skills and values. The programme was directed at curbing violence, encouraging greater involvement of children and addressing discriminatory practices within communities who tolerated violence and abuse. Because we see a growing number of youngsters involved in abuse, we target children who need to take responsibility for and correct their behaviour. Childlineâ&#x20AC;&#x;s dedicated team aimed to empower children through school talks to identify, prevent and disclose abusive behaviour. The Siyakhanyisa Prevention Programme sessions are child centred, facilitative and interactive. They create an environment that promotes the expression of individual thoughts and opinions without judgment. Participants therefore feel their contributions are taken seriously which builds self-esteem, encourages good communication and enables children to take ownership of what they have learnt. As a result of increased awareness of abuse and other traumas affecting children, the number of calls on our 24/7 Crisis Helpline increased considerably. This was in direct response to encouraging children to contact the Crisis Helpline for advice and assistance regarding both abuse and other challenging circumstances. On-going prevention and awareness programmes will now be provided to both children and educators to reduce the incidence of child abuse and neglect.

How we did it: Childline addressed small groups in 144schools. Talks were one-and-a-half hours per session with 10-15 children in each group. Presentations to larger groups were also conducted at one-and-a-half hours per session with 50-70 children per group.

What we focused on: Forms of abuse

Teenage Pregnancy

Rights and responsibilities

Sexually responsible behavior

Child pornography

MXit issues

Crime Prevention

HIV/AIDS

Human trafficking Understanding and responding to bullying

What we found: Sexual abuse by stepfathers as a result of marital problems has increased. In these cases, the victims are below the age of 6 years. None of these children are believed by the non-offending parent. Many children disclosed that they had been sexually abused by community members.

Statistics Municipal District

No of learners

No of disclosures

No of educators

No of community members

Ilembe

23 569

109

795

8 119

Ethekweni

86 494

605

595

Umgugundlovu

30 127

430

1 614

Ugu

6 400

Uthungulu

13 070

Empangeni

Sisonke

253

Bulwer

Ladysmith

183

1 841

10 358

Uthukela TOTALS

159 913

Areas Maphumulo, Ndwedwe, Umbumbulu Inanda, Durban, Chatsworth, KwaMashu, Umlazi PMB, Sweetwaters, Imbali, Northdale, Willowfontein, Howick, Elandskop, Copesville, Richmond Port Shepstone

Protection of children 1st ! in KZN A strategy of targeting shopping malls to institute an awareness campaign commenced on the 22nd of May 2009. The Pavilion Banking and Cinema Courts were utilized to educate children and their parents. Puppet shows on rights and responsibilities, bullying and how to speak out against abuse were rendered. East Coast Radio‟s Dave Guesilli was the guest speaker on behalf of Childline KZN. Clowns and cartoon characters such as Tigger provided entertainment. Balloons were distributed to children. The mall strategy will continue as one of Childline‟s initiatives to ensure that children and their families are empowered.

GOLD PEER Education Programme Childline has partnered with Generation of Leaders Discovered (GOLD) to: Reduce the number of new HIV infections among youth through the promotion of safety and health – enhancing behaviour in both HIV- infected and uninfected youth. Mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS on youth, orphans and vulnerable children, families and communities. Develop capacity and leadership within selected community organisations that target youth from communities with: A high incidence and prevalence of HIV and AIDS. High numbers of orphans and vulnerable children A high incidence of youth risk behaviour. What is the GOLD Peer Education Program? Because of HIV/AIDS, the Southern African region is in crisis. In several Southern African countries, one in four people may be living with HIV. Even families that are not infected, will be affected by HIV. By now, everyone knows someone who is living with HIV or has a family member or friend who has been affected. The GOLD Peer Education Program is based on the belief that

every person is unique and created with and for a purpose. The program aims to help young people understand this and to bring together influential teenagers to become change markers and positive role models in their schools and communities. GOLD has four different tracks of peer education - junior, senior, mentor and lead peer educator. Each track gives peer educators more responsibility, increases their selfâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; esteem and gives them stronger experience for communicating and making decisions. Each year, they have more experience of reaching their peers with important messages and activities. The GOLD Peer Education Programme is based on the belief that every person is unique and created with and for a purpose. The programme aims to help young people understand this and to bring together influential teenagers to become change markers and positive role models in their schools and communities.

THE GOLD MODULES Self Development Gender Relationships and Rights Sexual and Reproductive Health Leadership Communication Skills Community Action

Several facilitators have been implementing the peer educatorâ&#x20AC;&#x;s program four days a week in specified schools. Discussions were held with principals at the four schools who commented positively on the program and indicated that improvements have been observed among the learners. They stated that learners were enthusiastic about the program and that relationships between learners had improved. In addition, general levels of respect had increased between all stakeholders. The school principals agreed that the program significantly improves learnersâ&#x20AC;&#x; communication and conflict management skills and increased their sense of responsibility. This creates role models or leaders that affec the entire school. Feedback: The team felt that activities were successful because all the children participated positively, co-operating and giving comments during discussions. The method of active participation that was used worked well for peer educators. This provides opportunities to 18

discuss feelings in pro-social ways. Learners received constant positive reinforcement which clearly raised their self-esteem. Positive interaction in a group setting was encouraged. Social skills were constantly developed through creative, active learning exercises that were fun and engaged the children. The facilitator constantly identified and referred to rules that guided group activities in positive, non- punitive ways. Structure and clear boundaries for activities provided the routine within which social skills developed. During one activity, learners cut pictures out of magazines and then analyzed them. Discussion about appropriate behaviour came up continuously when referring to the selected pictures. The children learnt about paying attention, good manners, offering positive feedback and caring about others. All activities were exciting for peer educators and facilitators continue to work on effective methods and activities within the programme. Peer Educator Camp: In August 2009, Peer Educators attended a camp. Social skills were developed through creative, active learning exercises that were fun and engaged the children. We allowed them to participate, involving them in decision making. Group discussions proved effective due to the diverse opinions among peer educators. Badges were presented to 62 peer educators from various schools. It has been observed that the programme has successfully benefitted the schools involved. The learners were enthusiastic about the programme. General levels of respect had increased and the programme had given learners communication and conflict management skills as well as an increased sense of responsibility. Role models or leaders emerged during the programme. The process impacted on the entire school as it was soon apparent that, when given respect through position, pupils offered respect to others. Challenges: These were identified during school visits. The level of teenage pregnancy and related school drop-outs was high and it was felt that special programmes were needed to address this. Many peer educators reported that learners often do not have adequate support systems especially when it comes to parents. Many wished for more family involvement. What the peer educators said: â&#x20AC;&#x153;It really changed my behaviour. I used to be impatient and rude. Now I am a better person and I have learnt to trust my own instincts. I am more confident. Throughout the entire school, there is better communication.â&#x20AC;?

“People tell me I have changed so I know that the Peer Education Programme has made a difference. It has improved communication around the school.” “I am a quiet person but I have learnt to communicate. I am more confident and able to make friends more easily.” “It was the most challenging thing in my life to be a peer educator. It has helped my self-esteem. I now make friends easily.” “It was the most challenging thing to get to know myself. I learnt that I was not perfect. I improved my communication skills. It increased my confidence and pride too. “The Peer education programme helps us to face problems - and this school has a lot of problems to face! It teaches us how to deal with them and our own personal problems. Teenagers often do not share their problems so this programme helps the school.” “Peer education is important for the school because we come from many different kinds of homes with many different problems. For me, I am more confident, have more self-esteem and I am more sociable too.” “Before I joined the programme, I was rude to the teachers and never did my homework. This programme taught me that if you are doing something you need to know why you are doing it and ask if it is going to help you achieve your goals.” Who we helped: One student decided that he was not going to join the programme as he would not be a good role model. However, when he saw that peer educators didn‟t think he was a bad person at all, he changed his mind: “I attended a session called my self-esteem and vision out of curiosity. There was an activity called “you are nice” where we had to write down something nice about everyone in the group. When I was reading what other peer educators thought about me, I was so happy because I had always thought that I was a bad person. This really boosted my self-esteem. I now realise that I am a normal teenager who just needs guidance here and there in order to achieve my goals.” An adolescent who was raped, fell pregnant and contracted HIV as a result. She has subsequently given birth to a healthy baby boy. Her family are helping her to take care of him. She is also being supported in therapy so that she can deal with the trauma of the rape. The social worker is addressing issues around her feelings towards her baby in order to ensure that any anger she may feel is addressed. She is coping well and is focusing on current opportunities with regards to education and motherhood. It is evident that, through therapeutic intervention, the girl has been able to resume her life with a positive and renewed view about the future.

An 11 year old girl came to Childline seeking help after being sexually abused by her grandmother‟s neighbour. The child initially seemed very shy. Her mother complained that she is a slow learner and has had numerous difficulties at school. The child‟s mother also disclosed that since the abuse, the child does not talk to her stepfather and is very afraid of men. As a result of the child‟s fears, the child‟s stepfather sleeps over at his father‟s house. After just one session, the child initiated a conversation with her stepfather. The child now appears happier and more confident. Her mother attributes this change to the therapeutic intervention provided by the social worker at Childline.

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES A critical component of Childline KZNâ&#x20AC;&#x;s service delivery is the provision of psychosocial services to children and their families affected by abuse. Play therapy, psychotherapy and group therapy are used to address the scourge of abuse and the deep wounds incurred following the trauma. Through these interventions, children and their families are encouraged and enabled to lead well adjusted, fulfilling lives. Psychosocial services are provided at 11 satellite offices throughout KZN.

Durban Head Office KwaZulu-Natal is the third smallest province occupying 8% of the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x;sâ&#x20AC;&#x; demographics. The estimated population is the third highest at 9.4 million (21%). There are 4.5 million children in the province of which 2.9 million (72.6%) are living in poverty. According to the latest available statistics, 5.2 million people lived with HIV/AIDS in 2009 with an estimated 413 000 new infections per annum. Durban is the largest city in the province and the third largest city in the country. According to the 2007 Community Survey, it had a population of almost 3.5 million. Our headquarters in Durban is well equipped to conduct services. Our attractive play room is equipped with therapeutic toys and a a video recording system. Another camera is being obtained for the training room and will be used for both training purposes and for group work. Security is of utmost importance for our child victims (and caregivers). We have a guard patrolling the perimeter of the property 24/7 as well as CCTV cameras. What we did: All cases are referenced and recorded on a cental database which allows for easy tracking. A social worker ensures that every child feels important and deals with each child uniquely and individually. Clients who are able to contribute to sessions have done so as the Durban psychosocial programmes are not funded. Positive relations have been established with other organisations in order to promote holistic treatment. Respect, confidentiality and flexibility are maintained at all times in order to ensure efficient and effective service delivery. Clients are attended to timeously in order to ensure that children are not left unattended in the waiting room. Self-study is encouraged in order to promote development and growth. Quarterly internal audits have been introduced.

What we found: Lack of feedback and follow up of cases by the police and Child Welfare organisations has resulted in children not being safe. A lack of information and awareness about HIV/ AIDS exists. A low conviction rate has resulted in parents and children becoming despondent and not reporting cases. Increasing examples of demanding and challenging custody disputes. What we achieved: A protective environment has helped children who have refused to give details of rape or abuse to disclose details and report cases to ensure convictions. An 11-year-old who was abused by her stepfather indicated that the playroom at Childline was where she felt safe and able to talk freely without fear. A grandmother of a 9-year-old girl who was sexually abused said her granddaughter treasured her sessions at Childline. This indicated that the social worker successfully facilitated the healing process for the child. Statistics: 968 sessions were conducted with children and 394 sessions with parents/caregivers at this office. The ages of children in cases dealt with in the period under review. The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Durban Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 10-15 year olds . we have found that sexual abuse has been on the increase among these age groups in this area.

Success stories: An eleven-year-old boy was referred to Childline by Child Welfare Durban and District due to concerns about his sexualised behaviour towards other children. He allegedly sodomised another ten-year-old boy. Through therapeutic intervention, he has learnt to accept himself and has learnt to cope with difficulties and situations without resorting to violence. Furthermore, he has recognized that what he did in the past was wrong. Because he had been teased about what he had done, the child wanted to leave his current school. Through therapy, he has learned not to run away from his problems, but to resolve or cope with them. His behaviour has changed and it is evident that the coping mechanisms he acquired through therapy have made a significant impact on his life and helped him develop a positive outlook about his future.

A 16- year- old girl who was referred to Childline was blaming herself for the sexual abuse she had experienced and had isolated herself from friends and family. She developed an eating disorder which, according to research, can be the result of sexual abuse. Thanks to therapy, this young girl is no longer isolating herself from her family and her mother has reported a noticeable improvement in her moods. The support she has been given during the healing process has enabled her to find closure and move forward positively.

A 17-year-old girl was sexually abused by her maternal uncle. When the child was brought for therapy, her mother denied any sexual abuse. The child, however, confirmed that this had taken place. The social worker advised the parents to report the case to the SAPS, but they refused. When the social worker contacted the SAPS and advised them about the allegation, the parents decided to stop brining their daughter for further therapy. Subsequently, our social worker in Phoenix reported that the same child had attended the sub office at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital for therapy. Again, the parents were advised of their responsibility to protect their child and report the case to SAPS. The parents remain adamant that they will not. The matter has been reported to SAPS by Childline and Child Welfare has been asked to investigate why the parents refuse to report the matter to the police. The child is externalising the abuse by playing truant and via promiscuous behaviour. This is an area that is being focused on in therapy through building relationships, addressing feelings and trust issues.

Pietermaritzburg Sub Office Pietermaritzburg, the capital and second largest city in KwaZulu-Natal, currently has a population of between 500,000 and 600,000 (of which 25% to 30% are identified as Indians or Whites). Umgungundlovu District has a population of approximately 950,000 with HIV prevalence of up to 60% in some areas. Approximately 15 % of patients require ARV therapy. We opened our sub-office, at 383 Bulwer Street, in 1998. It is staffed by 2 social workers, an office co-ordinator, an outreach facilitator and an administrative clerk What we found: When clients are experiencing financial difficulties and cannot afford to bring children for counselling, assistance with payment for transportation is required. Complainants and their families are reluctant to attend therapy and ask for assistance only when a court date is confirmed. This means there is insufficient time to render relevant services. Child offenders are not being referred to relevant bodies and aspects of the Child Justice Act needs to be diligently complied with.

Statistics A total of 748 children were involved in assessments and psychosocial services. We began the new year with 364 on-going cases. 384 new matters were received during the year. 12 reports were submitted to assist the police and prosecutors with cases to evaluate a childâ&#x20AC;&#x;s competence. A total of 866 sessions were held for child victims while 431 sessions helped parents. Unfortunately, 639 appointments were cancelled either because parents experiencing financial difficulties could not afford to bring their children to sessions or because children were sent to rural areas during school holidays. The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the PMB Sub Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The previous graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 0-6 and 10-15 year olds . we have found that sexual abuse and Neglect has been on the increase among children of these age groups in this area. Who we helped: A client seen by a social worker two years ago experienced challenges when she had to attend court. Her mother referred her to Childline for further intervention. She attended four sessions and was prepared to testify in court. She felt empowered to testify in court. Based on the quality of her testimony, the case was finalized and the perpetrator was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. A 16 -year-old child who was initially abused at the age of 8 had been moved from caregiver to caregiver and eventually felt rejected by all the adults in her life. Her motherâ&#x20AC;&#x;s stability depended on her relationships with men and, whenever a relationship was unsuccessful, her children had to be removed and placed in alternate care. The child developed a poor self-image and displayed sexualized behaviour. She was raped again by her motherâ&#x20AC;&#x;s boyfriend during 2008 and 2009. Whilst in therapy, this child was able to work through her feelings of rejection. Her self-image improved and she learnt that she was important as a person and not just a sexual being. Interpersonal relationships with friends and her mother improved.

A 9 -year-old girl who is staying with her paternal grandmother at Impendle was referred by an investigation officer. It was suspected that she was being sexually abused as she got lost on her way back home and arrived late. On the childâ&#x20AC;&#x;s first appointment, she had just been discharged from hospital. The child could not relate or associate with anybody - including a social worker from another organisation. However, at Childline, through the medium of play therapy, the child started to share and express herself. Her self-esteem improved and she was able to understand and work through her problems. Her coping skills have been enhanced and she is now able to engage in activities and interact with her peers as she did prior to the abuse.

Chatsworth Satellite Office Chatsworth, which is within the Durban Metropolitan area, has a total population of approximately 750 000. Childline had been a valued source of help to the community, providing psychosocial services to sexually abused children and their families once a week. What we achieved: The Childline services in Chatsworth have made a big difference as many people could not afford to travel to Durban. Most clients kept regular appointments and they 26

completed their sessions. Therapy terminated they had had gainedwas sufficient skillswhen to cope with gained the trauma of sufficient skills to cope with theabuse. trauma of sexual abuse. sexual Volunteers at the sub-office were always available to give support to the clients and made them feel welcome and comfortable. A prevention outreach programme was conducted on the 27-10-09 at a school in the Chatsworth area. The principal was very grateful as the school has experienced an increase in sexual abuse cases. Two children were also sexually abused in the school toilets. The perpetrator was arrested and kept in police custody. This programme will continue at the school. Networking with various organisations in the area has been essential to ensure that a holistic service is rendered. The social worker has worked closely with the following organisations: Chatsworth Child Welfare, the Department of Social Development, the Aryan Benevolent Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s Home and the R.K. Khan Hospital. Staff and volunteers at the Chatsworth Community Care Centre have provided ongoing support in various cases of domestic violence. Statistics: The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Chatsworth Sub Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended 250 200 150 100 50 0 0-6 year old

7-9 year old

10-15 year old

16-18 year old

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 10-15 year olds. We have found that sexual and child abuse has been on the increase among children of this age groups in this area Cases dealt with: 80 Number of sessions: 126 with children and 59 with parents/caregivers

What we found: An increase was noted in children being subjected to sexual abuse due to their parents not taking care of them. An increase in children being sexually abused by their fellow school mates. A lack of support from educators when a child has been abused on the school premises. Child victims are leaving school due to the lack of support from the school. Poor communication between SAPS and victimsâ&#x20AC;&#x; families.

Inanda Satellite Office Inanda is 24 km inland from Durban and forms part of eThekwini, the Greater Durban Metropolitan Municipality. Geographically, Inanda is near KwaMashu and Ntuzuma. Childline provides services from the Prophet Isaiah Shembe One Stop Centre once a week on Mondays, once a week at the Department of Socvial Development on Tuesdays and once a week at the Ohlange Child Welfare on Thursdays. What we did: Group work sessions were conducted. Liaising with SAPS provided feedback and helped with the progress of investigations. During our prevention outreach programmes, a secret box was placed at the location. This gave the learners an opportunity to write down their problems and insert them into the box so that a Childline social worker could assess them and arrange intervention if required. This ensured anonymity and facilitated disclosure. An awareness campaign for 16 days of Activism against abuse of women and children was conducted. A motorcade started at KwaMashu Shopping Centre, proceeded to Inanda and ended at KwaMashu Police Station where candles were lit and prayers conducted. Childline received requests for the implementation of more awareness programmes to deal with child abuse, neglect and exploitation.

Statistics: Months

0-6yrs

7-9yrs

10-15yrs

16-18yrs

April 09

125

120

162

May 09

125

122

162

June 09

127

July 09

130

August 09

133

September 09

135

October 09

134

November 09

133

December 09

135

January 10

138

February 10

140

March 10

105

150

What we found: An increase in the number of 6-8 year olds being raped by relatives. An increase in the number of 9-12 year olds who are being raped by strangers when returning from school.

Who we helped: A 15 -year-old girl who was sexually abused at the age of five, had developed antisocial behaviour and abused alcohol and drugs. She left school in September 2009 and ran away from home. The social worker supported the mother and accompanied her to fetch the child from Ntuzuma. She has been attending therapy at our organisation. At present, she is attending school at Inanda. A positive change in her behaviour has been noted and her performance at school has improved. She is not only able to cope with the trauma of her abuse more effectively but has established future goals.

KwaMashu Satellite Office KwaMashu includes Lindelani, Ntuzuma, Quarry Heights, Siyanda (informal settlement). It has a population of 500,000 people. 29

According to a recent study, half of the population is under 25 years old. Just 28 percent of the population is employed and one third of households have no source of income. Just over one third of KwaMashu residents live in shacks. Hostels in the area accommodate those who are employed in the Durban area. However, because they are occupied by people from a variety of different backgrounds, there is a great deal of violence and KwaMashu is now known as the murder capital of South Africa. The majority of cases of abuse take place in these hostels and within the immediate neighbourhoods of hostels. The new satellite office which was launched in November 2009, is situated at the KwaMashu E Police station.The office provides a non-threatening environment that is conducive to therapy and non- threatening. What we did: The 16 Days of Activism had a positive impact as more cases of sexual abuse were reported to SAPS due to the community being informed of their rights and resources that were available to them. There has been an increase in reporting of cases by the community as police officers are accessible and community friendly. Court preparation is done and the children are ready to testify. Our social worker has worked closely with KwaMashu Child Welfare and the Department of Social Development for holistic service delivery. The people of KwaMashu have to cope with high rates of sexual abuse, violence, crime and high rates of HIV infection. Childline statistics indicate that there is a significant need for services in KwaMashu. It was noted that many referrals made by the Crisis Line to statutory services have been by Child Welfare, KwaMashu A meeting was held on 09/10/2009 with the Department of Welfare in KwaMashu North. The meeting was to initiate services in the area. Statistics

The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the KwaMashu Sub Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children age 10-15 year olds. We have found that sexual abuse has been on the increase among children of this age groups in this area. 30

Ladysmith Satellite Office Ladysmith, which has a population of 225 452 is a city in the Uthukela District, 230 kilometres north-west of Durban. At this office two staff members attend to clients every Thursday. One staff member attends to the intake and another provides psychosocial services. Two offices and a waiting room have been made available by the commander of the Family Violence, Child Abuse and Sexual Offences Unit. Investigating officers have assisted clients with transportation. Achievements: Approximately 20 children per week are provided with services. There are 120 ongoing cases. 15 children are currently involved in assessments, 87 are new cases. 29 children completed the intervention programme, gaining skills to cope with the trauma of abuse. Services were provided to 437 child victims. Services were provided to 179 parents. 140 sessions were cancelled either because parents could not afford to transport their children to our office or because children were writing examinations.

Statistics: The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Ladysmith Sub Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 0-6, 7-9 and 10-15 and year olds. We have found that sexual abuse and neglect has been a prevalent theme in this area. What we found: Investigating officers are requested by the court to refer clients to Childline to facilitate disclosures.

Victims influenced by parents to deny abuse in order to protect the perpetrators. As this office is only serviced on a Thursday, the social worker attends to an average of 18 child victims and their families per day. Who we helped: A child who was suicidal and had very low self esteem was referred to us from the Ezakheni area. It was suspected that she had been sexually abused. She has attended our psychosocial programme and has at last managed to disclose the sexual abuse that she has kept secret for some time. Her parents are happy with their childâ&#x20AC;&#x;s progress and expressed their gratitude to Childline. A 14-year-old child was abused by her school friendâ&#x20AC;&#x;s father. She became powerless, submissive and fearful to the point where she gave in to all his demands. His hold on her was such that she was persuaded to try to withdraw the charges and, on his request, saying that her own father had abused her. Our social worker referred the matter to an NGO who rendered statutory services. The child was removed from her parents and placed in a childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institution in order to break the emotional bond between her and the perpetrator. This helped the child gain insight and work through the impact of the abuse. She was returned to the parents care and the family co-operated to improve the relationships at home. The parents and child expressed their gratitude for uniting them as a family. A 4 -year-old girl, who was sexually abused by a family friend because the child felt that she was to blame for the abuse, she became withdrawn and self destructive. The parents assisted with therapy. After four sessions, the little girl disclosed the abuse and could also talk to her parents about the incident. The perpetrator moved away from the area. Both parents expressed their gratitude that their little girl was her normal self again.

Phoenix Satellite Office Based at the Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, this office assists clients from Tongaat, Verulam, Phoenix and Newlands. Our social worker provides psychosocial services every Thursday. These form part of the services provided by a multi-disciplinary team of the Thuthuzela Care Centre which ensures that clients receive a holistic service. What we did: In May 2009, school talks were conducted at three schools (Phoenix Secondary School, Ferndale Combined School and Siphosethu Primary School). Liaison with the SAPS had a positive impact when it came to following up on clients.

An effective, holistic service was provided by working with Child Welfare organisations in Verulam, Phoenix and Tongaat.

Statistics: Graph depicting age categories of cases dealt with. The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Ladysmith Sub Office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

There was a significant increase in the number of children who had been sexually abused by strangers. Victims of abuse were infected with HIV and, as a result of late detection, had to terminate pregnancies. In April 2010, three parents from Phoenix indicated that the prosecutors at court said how impressed they are when it comes to court preparation provided by Childline. All three children were deemed to be competent witnesses by the prosecutor. In May 2010, Mahatma Ghandi Hospital in Phoenix where Mrs Ndaba is based reported seven convictions and six warrants of arrest. The impact of good court preparation was highlighted. A recent meeting has also indicated that the conviction rate in Phoenix is 54%.

Who we helped:

A 17 -year-old girl who was sexually abused by a priest was offered R100 000 to withdraw the criminal charges against him. She came from a poor background and initially considered the offer. However, during our first contact with the girl, we noticed that she had very low self -esteem. She was in grade 12 and about to give up on writing her exams. As therapy progressed, she was able to gain skills to cope with her trauma, wrote her final examinations and passed with distinctions. She also refused the bribe to withdraw charges. A young girl was so highly traumatised when she commenced her sessions that she couldn‟t speak properly. She cried throughout. However, as the healing process progressed, she developed a trusting relationship with our social worker and was able to disclose details of the sexual abuse which occurred when her parents were absent. She was worried about her virginity being lost and she felt empty. Our therapeutic process helped this child to reconstruct her self-esteem and gain confidence. Her father was sick during therapy and subsequently passed away. With the Social worker‟s support, she was also able to deal with the pain of losing her father. A 16-year-old girl who was sexually abused by her father had poor selfesteem, blamed herself for the abuse, was self-destructive and felt guilty and worthless. During therapy, the girl admitted that she was suicidal. Her mother had died and she lived with her elderly maternal aunt who lacked the necessary parenting skills to cope with her. Thanks to therapy, the girl has acquired new life skills and has excelled in school. The aunt has benefited as she has come to understand the child‟s needs, symptoms and her emotions. Both the girl and her aunt now have renewed respect for each other.

Despite being sexually abused, a 14-year-old girl appeared to be confident. However, she indicated that she had not coped well after her mother‟s death and felt that her father did not care for her. She said she‟d been forced to live with her paternal grandparents with whom she was in constant conflict. She constantly rebelled against their strict discipline and refused to listen when her grandparents spoke to her. Although therapy is still in progress, the child has indicated that she is now better equipped to cope with conflict with her grandparents. For the first time since her mother‟s death, she feels relaxed and has peace. Support was also provided for the grandparents who realized they needed to show their granddaughter more love and acceptance.

Maphumulo Satellite Office

This area is predominantly rural comprising mostly tribal land (99.49%) which is administered by the Ingonyama Trust on behalf of local communities as constituted under The Ingonyama Trust Act of 1996. The most pressing needs identified in Maphumulo are: water housing sanitation and electricity poverty alleviation through job creation and local economic development road upgrading and maintenance agricultural development improvement of social facilities and services telecommunications town planning and nature conservation Our social worker operates from the sub office of the Department of Social Development in Maphumulo and Bhamshela. What we did: A good working relationship with the SAPS at Maphumulo and Inzuze police stations in Bhamshela was established. We also networked extensively with the Kranskop SAPS. The Prevention Outreach Programme was implemented in Maphumulo, Bhamshela and in four schools in Kranskop, after partnerships were created between our social worker and school principals. Statistics The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Phoenix Sub office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 10-15 year olds. We have found that sexual and child abuse has been on the increase among children in this area.

135 session with children 68 sessions with parents What we found: Clients do not complete sessions due to financial constraints. Withdrawal of cases discouraged new clients from reporting matters or attending emotional containment sessions. Child victims are removed to extended families before sessions have been completed because parents feel their children are in danger when perpetrators are released on bail and return to the community.

Ndwedwe Satellite Office Ndwedwe local Municipality lies parallel with, and approximately 20 km inland from, the KwaZulu-Natal coast. The municipality extends over 1 076km2 and consists mainly of poor black communities whose livelihoods depend on subsistence farming. The population is approximately 156 020. This satellite office is based at the Department of Social Development. One therapist provides therapeutic services to clients every Monday, Tuesday and Thursday. The therapist works closely with other departments in the area, ensuring that a holistic service is provided. What we did:

A multidisciplinary approach has been used to conduct Prevention Outreach Programmes in the area. Childline has been able to provide a small budget to assist a few clients with transport costs to ensure that children receive necessary services. Childline has been able to cater for a childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s Christmas party in December 2009. Single parents are more committed to the therapeutic process. There appears to be a lack of commitment in nuclear families. During Child Protection Week, we reached four schools: o o o o

Paruk Primary School Mangondo Primary School Ndwedwe Mission School Kwa Shangase Primary School

Total:

360 learners 500 learners 1 000 learners 1 000 learners 2 860 learners

The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Ndewdwe Sub office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 0-6 and 7-9 year olds . Ndwedwe shows a high number of neglect cases in the area. 488 sessions with children 244 sessions with parents What we found: An increase in 6-8 -year-old children being raped by relatives. An increase in female 9-12 -year-olds being raped by strangers on the way from school.

Who we helped:

A 12 -year-old girl who was sexually abused by her biological father contracted HIV as a result. Her medical condition began to deteriorate as she refused any medical help. The child was involved in emotional containment services which improved her selfimage. She gained skills to cope with the trauma of her ordeal and was prepared for the court process. Her abuser was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison.

Scottburgh Satellite Office

Scottburgh is 58 km south of Durban. Neighbouring towns include Pennington, Renishaw, Freeland Park, Umkomaas, Sezela, Bazley, Amahlongwa, Clansthal, Park Rynie and Dududu. Childline is rendering services from C.J. Crookeâ&#x20AC;&#x;s Hospital which serves the following communities - Park Rynie, Scottsburg, Pennington, Sizela, Ifafa, Bazely, Mthwalume, Hibberdene, Pumula, Banana Beach, South Port, Sea Park, Umtentweni, Oslo Beach, Umzinto, Umkomaas, Emagabheni, Umgababa areas etc. Childline is the only organisation rendering therapeutic services to these communities. Our programme is funded by PEPFAR. 37

What we did: Services were rendered within a multidisciplinary team to children and their families at the crisis centre based at the hospital. A PEPFAR orphaned and vulnerable children response was developed to provide quality and holistic services to children and their families. Our therapist worked closely with the Department of Social Development, the Scottsburg Court, the Department of Health, the Department of Home affairs, the Scottsburg Rotary Club and the Lions. Our social worker strengthened partnerships with stakeholders through the programme and Victim Empowerment Forum. Police also assisted in transporting some of the clients for therapeutic services when possible. Parenting programmes were conducted with caregivers at G.J. Crookes communities and caregivers were provided with training. Caregivers were supported and educated and a support group will be commencing at G.J. Crookeâ&#x20AC;&#x;s Hospital Crisis Centre. The police reported that children that attend psychosocial services at Childline gained a broader understanding of the impact of abuse and child trafficking and are well prepared for court. What we found: Several abuse cases involving teenagers were reported but victims and their families were afraid to report these cases and get help as they were scared of the perpetrators. Children that received services at G.J. Crookes Hospital lived in rural communities and were not aware of their rights and the resources available. Abuse was considered a family matter and was therefore dealt with within the family and the community and not reported to the police. Community awareness programmes were conducted in March 2010 to educate the community on abuse and neglect. Parents do not bring clients for support services when cases are finalized. Clients do not keep appointments due to financial difficulties they are experiencing.

What we achieved:

Whilst waiting at the bus stop with her cousin, a 15 -year-old girl was sexually abused by a 53 -year-old man. The abuser, who was only partially dressed, chased the children until he caught one of them. He dragged her into the nearby bush where he raped her. He also bit her ear and cheek. The child was found by her mother and the case was reported to the police. 38

She was hospitalized. The perpetrator was arrested. Bail was not granted and the matter went to court. The extremely traumatised child attended therapy and has made progress. As a result, she has been able to work through her fear of men and the external environment. Childline has been tracking the case to ensure thorough investigations of similar incidents are conducted and the community is protected.

Umlazi Satellite Office This is our busiest office. Umlazi itself is on the east coast of Kwazulu-Natal, southwest of Durban. The wider Umlazi area has a population of 750,000. AIDS is a significant problem and 21% of women who visit clinics in the township are HIV positive.. Like many townships in the urban areas, Umlazi is seeing increased private and government investment which has resulted in the construction of new shopping complexes, primary and secondary schools, technikons and libraries. The new educational infrastructure is particularly important as an affordable, easily accessible quality secondary education and is valuable for many children, particularly with regard to employment following school. Most do not attend tertiary institutions due to their familiesâ&#x20AC;&#x; lack of financial resources. The Umlazi Satellite Office of Childline is at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, in Ward C4. It is a one stop centre. Two doctors carry out medical examinations of the victims and two officers assist with reporting cases. When a victim wants to report a case of rape, two people from the NPA are also involved. One is a victim assistance officer who acts as a link between police officers and survivors of sexual abuse. A site coordinator is responsible for coordinating all the services within the Thuthuzela Care Centre(TCC). Four social workers from Childline provide therapeutic counselling to the victims and facilitate group work sessions, providing psychosocial help to victims based on their needs. What we did: A Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s Empowerment Workshop was held in August. Parents of the victims and different guest speakers were invited to the Workshop. Childline was invited to address the women. The workshop was a success. Women who participated said they felt empowered and motivated. A social worker was part of the 16 Days of Activism against women and child abuse programme. Before the implementation of 16 Days of Activism, social workers at TCC were part of planning, meeting the multidisciplinary team to ensure that all stakeholders played their different roles.

On November 26, 2009 a workshop was held to train professionals e.g. doctors, matrons, social workers, pharmacists and psychologists within the hospital. This included management. This workshop was a success. Another educational awareness workshop was conducted on November 30 at the Mega City Mall in uMlazi. Group therapy was started in April 2009. Teenagers were grouped together according to age - 6-9 years, 10-12years, 13-15years and16-18years. There was also a group of low functioning boy victims. Two group sessions were conducted weekly from 12:00-14:00. Debriefings were also conducted with clients who were highly traumatised. For example, one mother denied that her child had been sexually abused. The shocked parent/caregiver was referred to Childline for support.

Statistics:

The X axis represents the number of children that have attended therapy at the Umlazi Sub office and the Y axis represents the age of the children that have attended.

The above graph illustrates an increase in numbers among children ages 7-9 and 1015 year olds. We have found that sexual abuse and neglect has been on the increase among children of these age groups in this area. Number of sessions with children: 1 953 Number of sessions with parents: 1 527 What we found: Most of the cases reported included girls who had developed relationships with taxi drivers which had resulted in sexual abuse The number of clients attending appointments has increased. During the period of school examinations, clients do not attend. They also fail to attend during the festive season as they visit their families. There has been an increase in the number of clients who are drugged before being abused, resulting in them failing to remember the details of sexual abuse.

There has been an increase in the number of male children who are reporting sexual abuse. There is an increase in the number of perpetrators below the age of 15 who are not prosecuted. Increasing numbers of victims are becoming pregnant as result of abuse and deciding to keep their babies. There is an increase in teenagers presenting behavioural problems.

Who we helped: A young girl who was abused by a stranger and did not feel safe anymore was referred to Childline. She had decided to move to her father‟s home at Ndwedwe. The child was emotionally abused by her aunts who did not support her and her sister. Subsequently, she and her sister moved back to uMlazi. Her mother is mentally ill and couldn‟t take care of them. The sisters have been accommodated at St Monica‟s Children‟s Home. She is now attending school again which has helped her to receive much needed support. A 14 year old girl was abused sexually by a neighbour who was also a school friend. The perpetrator was not arrested but was granted bail because he was in grade 12. After Childline counselled the victim‟s mother, she sent her child to live with relatives at Umkomaas. This became unbearable for the young girl as she had to walk for three hours just to attend school. She was unable to cope, lost weight and became more and more traumatised as she felt that she was being punished for disclosing the abuse. Childline provided support for both mother and child. The child was eventually moved closer to school and was taught to openly talk to her mother. She thanked the social worker for bringing hope into her life and wrote a poem which she believed could help others in the same situation who felt like giving up. A client was abused by her stepfather. She was extremely shy and couldn‟t make eye contact with anyone. However, with the help of Childline, she was empowered to cope with her trauma and Childline supported her so that she could testify in court. She also received therapy where the social worker focused on self-esteem exercises. The perpetrator was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment.

ORPHAN & VULNERABLE CHILD PROGRAMME 1 Introduction Given an urgent need to reach out to both women and children who have already become or are at acute risk of being victims of abuse, Childline and USAID are working to introduce Orphan and Vulnerable children Program into outlying areas. One such area is Ngonyameni to the south of Durban, which is home to more than 20 000 people. This is a traditional community with long standing cultural traditions. Extreme poverty is a way of life and infrastructure is non-existent. The majority of the community is unemployed. Women cultivate fields and harvest sweet potatoes, yams and mealies to sell. Although most men are unemployed, the few that do work build mud houses and herd cattle and sheep. Roads are not tarred and minibus taxis are the only form of transport. According to community members, taxis arrive erratically at two hour intervals. This means community members walk wherever they wish to go. Those with a little money have to walk nearly 8km to the nearest food store while children are forced to walk long distances to school through dangerous forests. Children are neglected because of the lack of resources. Few areas have running water and most rely on municipal vehicles for an erratic supply of water. Food is also in short supply. Feeding schemes operate at schools as many children do not have food at home. Health care is another major problem. There is no hospital, but a clinic is open on Tuesdays and Thursdays. A mobile clinic visits the area erratically. This is of particular concern in light of high levels of HIV infection. There is an urgent need for education as many communities are in denial and do not know their HIV status. This, together with increasing levels of domestic violence, can be attributed to gender relations within the community. Men believe in polygamous marriages and have an average of four wives. Women appear to have no rights and information gathered indicates that only men are entitled to make decisions. However, the main decision maker within the community is the chief. He deals with all matters, including crime and abuse, in the tribal court. Decisions are based on beliefs and cultural traditions. If a crime such as sexual abuse is committed, the perpetrator is ordered to pay compensation (e.g. a goat or beers) to the chief and, on occasion, to the victim. The Chief has to give permission for a matter to be reported to the SAPS. However,there is no police station in the area. The nearest one is the Bhekithemba Police Station in Umlazi. Outsiders need permission from the Chief to visit the community. As a result, community members are very secretive and information gathering is extremely challenging. 42

Building a positive relationship with the Chief is the number one priority when it comes to facilitating training in the Ngonyameni area. However, our facilitator entered the area without the Chief‟s permission and this was quickly reported to him. We immediately made an appointment to both apologize and seek permission to introduce the project in his community. We explained the US Consulate project and he agreed on condition that the caregivers involved received certificates for the training provided. The Chief, Induna and Childine KZN developed an effective team approach in order to ensure the effective implementation of the program. The Chief and Induna helped our facilitator to locate a suitable venue – in this case, the tribal court itself – and helped contact schools and caregivers in the community. Teachers say the training has better equipped them to ensure that children in the community are protected. In addition, children themselves have been educated and empowered to protect themselves. A recruitment process has been put in place to encourage caregivers who have attended the program to filter knowledge through to the rest of the community in order to spread awareness and facilitate the necessary changes needed. Our facilitator ensures that, in instances where prevention is too late, all cases are referred to our crisis line where names are recorded and registered. All are tracked in order to ensure effective resolution. The project has been community driven (orientated towards the community and not individuals) with services provided directly to the community. However, it must be noted that, due to the significant needs identified in the area, Childline KZN has spent more time than initially planned to undertake community work in the Ngonyameni community. Through the eyes of the children of Ngonyameni: As part of their training, children have drawn informative pictures which have given us insight into their community and the trauma to which they are exposed. One child drew her walk to school. It showed a man hanging from a tree with a rope around his neck. Additional challenges: Children walk long distances through rough terrain to get to school and, when they do arrive, are exhausted. Many children have no food and eat their only meal of the day at school. As a result, school performance is negatively affected. Neglect is a significant concern and it is evident that many children‟s basic care needs are not being met. Children say that if they do report sexual abuse to their teachers, their parents punish them by hitting them with a sjambok or belt. It is also evident that many children are not believed by the community when disclosing incidents of sexual abuse. Children told our counsellor during training that they do not disclose abuse as perpetrators threaten to kill them. Children find it difficult to report abuse as permission has to be granted by the Chief. Teachers said that, due to this, many crimes are not reported to police. Children admitted to watching pornography without their parents‟ permission. When explored, it became apparent that pupils did not know that they should not be watching these videos.

Children are scared to disclose incidents of sexual abuse as their parents tell them that these are „family secrets‟. Most prefer to disclose sexual abuse to their teachers. Many children do not have identity documents or birth certificates which makes reporting cases of abuse to police extremely difficult.

Reaching the caregivers: When the project was initiated in November 2009, the facilitator was advised by the Induna (the lady who assists the chief in the community) that as the caregivers were busy with harvesting and because the tribal court was closed, it was better to begin caregiver training in January 2010. It was difficult to reach targets set for caregiver training as many caregivers were not able to attend as they were looking after children, ploughing fields, harvesting sweet potatoes, yams and corn. Community members failed to attend training when it was raining. Furthermore, the caregivers believe in „African time‟ which means that „they come in their own time.‟ They do not have electricity and therefore have to collect wood from the forest in the morning before attending training. Some caregivers reported that they have to plant seeds in the morning before attending training. As a result, training started late. Many complained about the long distances they would have to travel to attend training. Some said it would take them 3 hours to walk from their homes to the Tribal court. No men attended the training and females had to seek permission from their respective husbands to attend. Caregivers did not attend training unless sufficient food was provided. They were not satisfied with bread and polony or pasta and macaroni and often requested curry and rice. Caregivers indicated that they are fearful of talking about sexual abuse issues at home as in their culture it is deemed to be a disgrace to discuss sexual health with a child. They also admitted that they knew that children were watching pornographic videos but did not know how to set boundaries and discipline children in order to stop this.

What we found: There is a prevalence of domestic violence and substance abuse (marijuana). The community is patriarchal with men having little respect for women. Males refuse to wear condoms, thus increasing the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Women have indicated that when they ask their husbands to wear condoms, they are accused of having affairs.

Because women are expected to reproduce, men are not in favour of wearing condoms. Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s rights are violated as they are expected to get married at a young age i.e. 14 year old females are forced by elders in the community to marry older men of between 27- 35 years old. Teachers have advised that most crimes in the community are not reported to the police. They are scared to report cases as this may endanger their lives. The community has threatened teachers when matters have been reported to the police in the past. Orphaned and vulnerable children are increasing in the area due to the spread of HIV/AIDS. Children walk long distances to and from school through a forest. Some children have said they were sexually abused and robbed on the way. The generation gap between carers and children is vast as grandparents are looking after grandchildren due to parents having died as a result of AIDS.

What we achieved: The project has grown substantially and progressively and produced results that are measurable. A substantial number of people in the community have benefited. Between September 2009 and September 2010, 2776 children out of a targeted 4 000 were reached. During the same period, just 187 out of a target of 1 000 caregivers took part. This has been noted as an area where improvement is needed. We will attempt to reach more caregivers in Mzinyathi and Hammersdale in order to meet targets. Education aimed at HIV/AIDS prevention has been undertaken as part of all programmes. Feedback: Caregivers have completed questionnaires following training in order to measure the impact of the project on the community. Children have completed drawings which have provided insight into their fears. Thus, anxieties and specific needs have been identified.

Caregivers, teachers and parents attended training willingly and were enthusiastic as they are aware that it will benefit the community. The project has increased education and awareness of physical, emotional and sexual abuse amongst the community and in schools in the area. Caregivers and children have indicated that the knowledge they have gained will make a positive difference. Community members have committed to spreading knowledge in the community, reporting matters to the police and focusing on prevention and safety. Children now walk to school in groups.

Children have attended education and awareness programmes and disclosed abuse to the facilitator following the program. Through the support of the facilitator, matters have been reported to the police. To date, one perpetrator has been arrested. The facilitator is ensuring tracking and on-going support for the victim. Teachers have reported that the education and awareness programmes have been beneficial, especially as children are now aware of the danger of watching pornography. Parents/ caregivers have advised that knowledge and education about sexual, physical and emotional abuse has made them aware of signs and symptoms and shown them what action to take should a child be a victim of abuse. They are also now aware of the types of abuse that exist and the prevalence in the Ngonyameni community. Positive parenting in order to promote better relationships and positive methods of discipline have been introduced. Caregivers in training have demonstrated commitment to empowering and supporting the children in the Ngonyameni community. As a result of the training provided, caregivers now understand more about HIV/AIDS and the importance of prevention and knowing oneâ&#x20AC;&#x;s HIV status. The Chief has offered the tribal court as a venue for SAPS due to the high rate of crime in the area. Following the education and awareness training, children have been empowered to call the Childline toll free number.

ORPHAN AND VULNERABLE CHILD PROGRAMME 2 PEPFAR recognizes the urgency of addressing the growing needs of children orphaned or made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS and providing compassionate care. Our goal is to help these children and adolescents grow and develop into healthy, stable and productive members of society. The project has been running at C.J. Crooks Hospital in Scottburg as well as the Ladysmith sub office. It is based on a three pronged strategy of prevention, treatment, and care interventions. A total number of 1377 OVCâ&#x20AC;&#x;s have been served by the OVC programme. 25 schools have been reached and 100 caregivers have been served through the OVC program. We are rendering services in 12 magisterial districts. Ages

Males

Females

OVC

2 to <5

137

218

5 to <12

361

433

794

12 to <18

138

227

365

Total

580

797

1,377

Customer Satisfaction Survey on our Psycho-social service: A questionnaire was developed to assess client satisfaction with the services provided through this project. Analysis of Customer Satisfaction Evaluation Forms revealed the following: 100% of clients overall have given positive feedback regarding the services rendered to them by Childline staff. Clients were impressed with the user-friendly activities i.e. books and toys for children in the waiting room as well as the friendly service and immediate attention they received at reception. 80 percent of clients have given positive feedback regarding the services provided by Childline staff. The majority of clients have commended the Childline Staffâ&#x20AC;&#x;s professionalism across the entire organisation. They were especially impressed by the service Delivery they received from the Therapeutic Unit (Victim Empowerment/Boy Child Programmes) Clients gave positive feedback with regards to the user-friendly activities i.e. books and toys for kids in the waiting room as well as the friendly service and immediate attention they received at reception and the timeous feedback and quick intervention by our social workers in handling their cases.

This service has been measured in the Durban area only. However, there steps will be taken to assess customer satisfaction in other offices in the near future.

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

30 helpful/friendly

35 60

Professionalism Activities

Waiting Area Therapeutic Area

10 Reception Area

THERAPEUTIC DATABASE: (A new project at Childline)

In the last financial year 4600 new and old cases have been captured on a database in respect of therapeutic cases. Each case is provided with a computer generated reference number for tracking purposes. In addition to the initial referral information, there is now a record to the outcome of any court case, the arrest of the perpetrator, the completion of therapy and an update on how the child is coping at present. The database has already proved extremely useful when locating cases. For example, typing in a childâ&#x20AC;&#x;s name and unique reference number, enables the file to be located. Relevant details about the child are immediately accessible. There is also a record of when a case is transferred from one social worker to another or if the victim has relocated. The database is carefully controlled. To ensure that relevant and crucial details in any case are not altered in any way and to maintain the integrity of the case, a manager is the only one who is permitted to edit details. Month-end reports indicate the number of cases captured, trends observed and the number of referrals received and allocated. Over the past six months, an average of 100 cases per month was recorded. The majority (88.6 %) involved sexual abuse. The remainder involved emotional abuse, physical abuse, sex offenders and adult survivors. The database also allows for important trends to be identified. This has enabled us to identify an increase in the number of incidences of sexualized behaviour being reported in children under the age of 10 years old. This is evident in both the wider community and in childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institutions. This trend of experimentation with sexual play in institutions could stem from these children being sexually abused or exposed to sexual activity before they were placed in the home. There have been more reports of sexual abuse of male children in all areas and all sectors of the community. This could be because there is now more openness about sexual abuse of boys whereas previously it was not spoken about due to the stigma attached. Another disturbing trend indicated by our database is a growing abuse within the education system. In cases where sexual abuse was reportedly perpetrated by educators on pupils, cases were immediately reported to SACE which is a watchdog body overseeing educators. A case is then investigated and, if the teacher is found to be guilty, he or she is immediately struck off the teachers roll which is made available to all learning institutions. This ensures that these teachers will not secure teaching posts in the future. According to our database, sexual abuse was reported by many pupils from a single school. Childline immediately intervened by offering urgent therapeutic intervention to the victims, alerting the necessary role players and arranging for education and awareness campaigns to be carried out at the school and in surrounding schools in the area.

Certain trends also become evident on a month to month basis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; for example, increasing numbers of children are being cared for by grandparents, other relatives or members of the community. This is largely due to the HIV/Aids epidemic which has claimed the lives of their parents. There is also an increase in the number of childheaded households. Statistics clearly show that the majority of sexual abuse cases are female (6%). A huge proportion of female children being abused (24%) are under the age of six. This also applies to male victims with 25% being between the ages of 1-6 years and 30% between the ages of 7-9 years. The majority of abused children (both male and female) are between the ages of 1-9 years. This accounts for 44% of all cases captured. Referring to abuse of children of both sexes, statistics reveal that 88% is sexual. While there are reported cases of both emotional and physical abuse, sexual abuse is more prevalent. When it comes to sexual abuse itself, the most common is rape (78%) and indecent assault (7%). The area with the highest number of reported cases is Umlazi, followed by Inanda, Umbumbulu and Phoenix. The remainder of cases are more or less evenly spread across the other areas. Statistics confirm that the majority of perpetrators are male (76%). The majority are between the ages of 22-30 years, followed by31-40 years and 16-18 years. Most perpetrators are from the Umlazi area followed by Inanda and Umbumbulu. This corresponds with the number of cases of abuse reported from these areas. Challenges: The biggest remaining challenge is the generation of reports despite the lack of certain reporting features on the system. Dealing with the output and structure of reports can be daunting if background reports from the database cannot be easily assessed. Because the system cannot generate all the required reports, the programmer is still in the process of developing additional software. This is proving to be a major stumbling block as reports have to be compiled using specific categories and age groups. At present, this data is being manually extracted from the database which is time-consuming and not always accurate. This causes significant delays. Categories and sub-categories seem to increase due to societyâ&#x20AC;&#x;s increasing violent behaviour. As a result, this area has to be continuously upgraded. This does, however, enable us to gather more intensive and accurate data ensuring that intervention programs are formulated and provide the best service possible. The database proved rewarding as many past cases had not been recorded which created a massive backlog.These cases have now been successfully captured,eliminating the backlog.

Past clients that returned for additional services were grateful that their files were easily obtainable and felt gratified that Childline KZN kept track of their history. The capture of so many cases also enabled the capturer to observe certain recurring trends in certain areas. For example, there is an increasing number of children being cared for by grandparents and other relatives because of the death of their parents through HIV/AIDS. There is also an increase in the number of child-headed households, again due the AIDS epidemic. Another disturbing trend is the lack of communication between families of abused children and the police, with the families not being informed when perpetrators are freed on bail. This leads to intimidation and threatening behaviour. The database enables us to look at and document every role we play in ensuring the safety of each child, from risk assessment to contacting various Child Welfare agencies, the police, the Education Department and other relevant role players. Past clients that returned for additional services were grateful that their files were easily obtainable and felt gratified that Childline KZN kept track of their history. The capture of so many cases also enabled the capturer to observe certain recurring trends in certain areas. For example, there is an increasing number of children being cared for by grandparents and other relatives because of the death of their parents through HIV/AIDS. There is also an increase in the number of child-headed households, again due the AIDS epidemic. Another disturbing trend is the lack of communication between families of abused children and the police, with the families not being informed when perpetrators are freed on bail. This leads to intimidation and threatening behaviour. The database enables us to look at and document every role we play in ensuring the safety of each child, from risk assessment to contacting various Child Welfare agencies, the police, the Education Department and other relevant role players.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION This is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of Childline KZN and its deliverables as defined by the mission statement and is intended topinpoint problems that may hinder service delivery. Between January 2010 and March 2010, the following were assessed: Crisis Line: Therapeutic Unit: Outreach Programme:

Data Analysis, Observation, Records and Research/Service Studies Records, Client exit forms, Customer satisfaction forms and Interviews Participant reviews, Site evaluation forms and User review forms.

COURT SUPPORT PROGRAMME This project is aimed at preparing the complainant (child witness of sexual abuse) and family /caregivers to give evidence in a criminal case and provide support to the child through the court process itself.

Families tend to rely on therapists for information regarding the process of the criminal case, the role of the criminal justice system, confusing terminology and procedures. This assists in strengthening the support system for the child as informed parents are more willing and able to see cases through to their conclusions. Court preparation and support at court resulted in victims and families feeling more empowered. The provision of these services has helped minimize and alleviate the stress and anxiety of the criminal justice procedure as many children attended court on several occasions and had to await long periods between court appearances. The programme assisted in creating consistency and relieved/ reduced strain on the victims and their families. The provision of these services enabled and assisted children to feel a sense of mastery, control and safety with regard to their circumstance.It also enabled children to become competent witnesses. It provided opportunities to explore the court procedures and work through anxieties. The court preparation programme has done much to assist complainants in addressing their concerns. Children experience immense difficulty in reporting and testifying because of threats by the abuser, individual circumstances experienced, related symptomologies and fears regarding giving evidence. Children received trauma debriefing about these issues and learnt how to manage their thoughts and feelings. Families were also given support. Services to victims and their families were continued after the court process, regardless of the point at which the case was concluded (i.e. conviction, withdrawal, acquittal) in order to help the victims and families understand and deal with the outcomes of their cases. Childline has contributed to the Minimum Standard for Court Preparation with the NPA. One facilitator is based at Durban Magistrates court where she is rendering support to child victims and their families at the V and K courts.

BOY CHILD PROGRAMME Offender rehabilitation is still a top priority for Childline. With the growing number of individuals being convicted for sexual offences, Childline KZN has turned to sex offender treatment programmes in an attempt to rehabilitate offenders and create safer returns to society. As a result, a treatment programme was developed using information obtained from research conducted.

The main focus of the program is to get offenders to take responsibility for their behaviour, demonstrate empathy for their victims and, most importantly, to develop a comprehensive relapse prevention plan. The research also underlined the importance of addressing multiple issues of problematic family relationships, unresolved trauma and other psychosocial problems. Research suggests that neglect of these issues may increase the likelihood of producing adults, particularly males, who repeat their own life experiences. The Boy Child Programme is designed to focus on the experiences of boys who have been traumatized and provide a preventative, responsive and therapeutic purpose to address and prevent abuse in our society. Abuse can be devastating and can impact on children behaviourally, emotionally and psychologically. From the research conducted, there are several factors that contribute to the epidemic of sexual abuse of children in general. Therapeutic intervention is offered to enable them to cope and heal from past traumas, to correct or address any maladjustments and to work towards optimal, well-adjusted lives. The objectives of the programme are: To provide therapeutic services to abused boys from childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institutions. To provide programmes to accommodate boys from institutions who are presenting inappropriate sexual behaviour. To provide support and consultation to childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institutions when it comes to sustaining the programme.

The project also focuses on: Providing support and counselling to boys referred by the Criminal Justice System. Working preventatively to reduce the prevalence of child abuse. Addressing multiple issues of problematic family relations, unresolved trauma, and other psychosocial problems. Reducing the potential for further deviant behaviour. Offering a comprehensive treatment programme that addresses motivation, psychosocial education and psychological evaluation. Providing a highly structured, but individually focused, treatment plan for each participant in the Sex Offender Treatment Program (SOTP) based on the identified needs of each offender. Identifying and helping change cognitive and behavioural patterns that have resulted in sexual abuse. A minimum standard document and a policy procedure document were developed to guide the team through the therapeutic process. 120 boys were targeted. More than 80% of individual assessments have been completed. Those who have completed assessments have been referred for group intervention. Groups are currently conducted every week day from Monday to Friday for different age groups. 52

Statistics: Individual therapeutic assessments were rendered to 80 clients between ages 12-16 who presented sexually deviant behaviour. Boys were referred from different sources and 475 counselling sessions have been conducted with clients. The presenting problems have been addressed in individual therapy sessions. The boys were educated on more appropriate behaviour. This will be reinforced on a weekly basis over a 2-year period. 330 group sessions were conducted during the reporting period with an average of 8-10 boys in each group. The boys seemed to enjoy the group sessions as opposed to individual therapy and the general consensus was that this was due to the fact that they felt less intimidated in the group setting with their peers as opposed to a one on one session with a therapist Multi-disciplinary team meetings between the municipality, NPA, SAPS, Department of Health, Dept of Social Development and Childline KZN were held to initiate a programme for young offenders in the Umlazi area. After much investigation, a resource was obtained at the Prince Mshiyeni Hospital. This area was identified as having an extremely high number of young offenders. Training: Training was provided to caregivers and care workers in four different institutions - St. Theresa‟s, Valley View Place of Safety, William Clark Gardens and Ethelbert Children‟s Home. This addressed different forms of abuse, signs and symptoms, developmental stages of the child, understanding the child‟s behaviour as well as dealing with the child‟s disclosure. The training was positively received and the staff felt capacitated to deal with the displayed behaviour from boys. Education and awareness: The Boy Child team embarked on an awareness campaign in 9 areas. Reports from educators and community members referred to highly sexualized behaviours displayed by boys in their communities. The aim of the campaign was to create awareness with regards to this specific behaviour and increase the rate of referrals to the Boy Child Programme. Learners were addressed on different issues faced by young boys in our society and shown how they can avoid being victims and avoid being the perpetrators of crime. After the talk, learners realised that they had been displaying inappropriate behaviour and worked at changing this behaviour.

The following schools were targeted: Phoenix Secondary School, Phoenix Emethweni Primary School, Durban Siphosethu Primary School, Durban Ferndale Combined School, Durban Dududu Primary School, Scottsburg Dabulisizwe Higher Primary School Mklomenol Primary School Hlengisizwe Primary School Celebuhle Primary School

Challenges: All childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institutions were initially contacted in order to participate in the programme, but only the above responded positively. Challenges pertaining to participation of institutions currently involved in the programme, were: Transport as institutions were unable to bring the boys to group sessions more than once a week. Group sessions could only be conducted after normal school hours, provided they did not interfere with other arrangements made by the childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s home such as remedial classes, physiotherapy and other medical appointments. Institutions were reluctant to bring boys to therapy during examination periods and this impacted on the continuity of the therapy process. During school holidays, boys from institutions were sent on holiday placements and this had a negative impact on the group process. Training was initiated with two childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s institutions at their premises, but further training was offered at Childline KZN for all institutions. Managements at the institutions were advised to nominate key personnel to attend the training. These individuals would then be responsible for filtering the training through to the rest of the staff at the institutions. Who we helped: A young boy who lives in a one room RDP house with his alcoholic, unemployed mother and an older brother who is also unemployed and irresponsible was referred to our offices after he allegedly raped two small children. He did not realize the impact of his act on the victims as well as the consequences of his behaviour. He has never had any sound relationship with his father and, as a result, wanted to drop out of school and associate with boys who had a negative influence on his behaviour in order to boost his self esteem. Another reason he 54

dropped out of school was because other children were laughing at him because he did not have a proper uniform or appropriate stationery. He abused alcohol and assaulted boys on the street. He said that he wanted to be in trouble so that people could kill him and he would have peace. He found a part time job fixing taxis so that he could buy food at home and pay for transport to school. After attempting to contact the family for five months, the child responded. He was very reluctant to attend his sessions, complaining about money for transport. Nevertheless, he kept all his appointments. After a few individual sessions, the social worker observed that the child was co-operating and had spoken about his hostile lifestyle. L was included in a group, but unfortunately had to leave as he was sent to boarding school because his granny was critically ill. L came back to thank Childline and the social worker for being patient with him and tolerating his behaviour. L assured the social worker that he would apply all the knowledge gained regarding behaviour change.

ADVOCACY AND NETWORKING Through advocacy and networking, Childline KZN has set out to: Advocate and contribute to policy development to make sure this is in the best interests of children. Train volunteers and service providers in the management of abuse. Advocate and develop capacity on childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x;s rights. Contribute - whether by research or otherwise - to the body of empirical knowledge on issues relating to prevention and treatment of child abuse. Ensure effective and just management of abuse by working in collaboration with relevant stakeholders and by co-ordinating all interventions at family and interprofessional levels. Advise the public on the way forward. After numerous articles of children being raped, sodomised and murdered as well as educators sexually molesting children, our director proactively addressed many reports, adding her views and providing statistics on the crime related issues attended to at Childline. Her message to the public is that there is a way forward. Meetings and Workshops: Our director, Linda Naidoo, and staff attended a number of conferences and workshops aimed at improving service delivery to abused children on both national and provincial levels as well as changing policies and legislation that govern critical issues. At the same time, these crucial networking platforms provided important opportunities to gather information and educate people and organisations about Childline and its services.

Highlights: HIV/AIDS National Conference – to obtain information on trends and source documents and research. MIET – to obtain feedback on the research report regarding child sexual abuse in KZN. . Gender Justice Regional Summit, Cape Town – to share African experiences and solutions to sexual and gender based violence. Child Law Conference – to participate in a panel discussion on the Sexual Offences Act, the Children‟s Act and the Child Justice Act. The Sexual Offences Indaba – to discuss the national and provincial strategies for sexual offences in services. Childline also attended meetings with the NPA and other government bodies and departments with a view to addressing various challenges such as the provision of a multi-sectoral, holistic service to victims of child abuse and creating a protocol for referrals of sex offenders. The Media: Our director also took the time to engage with key players in the national, provincial and regional media for three reasons: to educate the public about Childline and the services it offers to comment on broader problems and issues related to child abuse to provide specific insight into individual news events. The following illustrates our media involvement Newspapers (41 articles): Daily News, Mercury, Times, Cape Argus, Tabloid, Sunday Tribune, Eastern Express, Berea Mail, Independent Reporter, Junior Magazine, Natal Witness, Northern Star, Riveningo Magazine Concerning topics that were addressed: Child abuse, Child Exploitation, Child Beggars, Sexual Abuse of children, Abandoned Babies, Bullying, Child rape, Sexualised behaviour amongst children, Mxit issues, Child Trafficking Television (4 television appearances): Sabc News, E tv Concerning topics that were addressed: Child Abuse, Sexual abuse by educators, Corporal Punishment

Radio (12 radio slots) Radio islam, Ecr, Radio Lotus, UkhoziFM, Gagasi FM, Radio Sa Good news radio

FM, Highway radio,

Concerning topics that were addressed: Child Abuse, Child Exploitation, Education System in SA, Comments on the National lottery board, Impact of crime on children, Children who molest, Teenage pregnancy, Community services act, Child neglect

TRAINING During the year under review, Childline KZN became a HWSETA Accredited training provider. This enables the organisation to provide full learnerships for community health care workers. The learnership is for 2 years and qualifies a person to practice as a community health care professional. Childline KZN has had an excellent track record of providing training over the past 15 years. Candidates will obtain all 12 student guides and will be assessed, moderated and provided with an internship within the organisation. HWSETA regards this learnership as one of the most relevant learnerships in view of the current shortage of skills in the health care profession. Two out of 9,4-million KwaZulu–Natal residents live in rural areas and informal settlements and still have no adequate health care. Epidemics such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and cholera as well as the high rates of violent crime and accidents have all combined to put immense strain on health services in this province over the past decade. KZN has the highest rate of HIV and AIDS and is short of qualified individuals to address the pandemic. Progress is tangible, particularly with regard to new facilities. However, the serious lack of staff and skills could undermine gains made.

FUNDRAISING AND SOCIAL EVENTS It is hard to raise funds without the assistance of the public and the private sector and thus we are grateful for the little assistance that we receive every day. It is truly gratifying to know that children send their allowances and even their treats to help the many clients we see every day. Many individuals need to be recognized. For example, Trish Besnard supplies chips, juices and biscuits for group therapy clients each month. She never wants to be recognized, but is a special person who takes the time to give our children a little hope, even if it‟s just a treat. Sweets From Heaven has initiated the distribution of collection cans to their branches in KwaZulu-Natal. They supply our head office treats for the children. It‟s good to know that children are rewarded for their bravery whilst awaiting their sessions and afterwards. 57

Proposals were formatted, highlighting mentoring and evaluation of specific programmes that can be implemented in KwaZulu-Natal to create avenues for service delivery. Childline was really blessed this term as the organisation has supported projects that have ultimately assisted victims and supported their families through many traumatic incidents. Social events Childline KZN has embarked upon a number of exciting endeavours during the year under review. An introduction to ensure public awareness and vigilance was made through strategic plans and programmes throughout KwaZulu-Natal. Staff were important role players in compiling programmes and undertaking events, exhibiting real team spirit and motivation to conquer child abuse in KZN!

STAFF AND VOLUNTEERS Childline KZN is honored to have dedicated individuals who provide time and donate their quality services for projects and events. Working with volunteers has provided opportunities for individuals to become part of the organisation. They have contributed to urban and rural communities by assisting with events, strategies and projects. They were able to learn new skills, build and teach communities and enrich children and their families with knowledge.

Projects include the Childline mall strategy which gave volunteers an opportunity to interact with the public by taking polls, asking people how they felt about child abuse and putting on puppet shows. The Standup and Take Action campaign played a similar role. During the period under review, volunteers completed administrative tasks and clubs like the 31 Club donated their time to make the Childline garden a special place where children can amuse themselves in the play gym and parents can relax in the sunshine with a glorious view of the stadium. Professionals in many fields also give of their precious time and we thank them for their efforts.

We would like to thank the following people: Thameshan Moodley ; Deepa Hira; Larissa Hemraj ; Nomcebo Charity; Subashnee Govender; Shivam Pillay; Cynthia Minenhle; Lynette Taute; Wendy Jansson; Justivne Abbu; Trisha Sarjoo; Alice Zejglic; Jerona Chetty; Darshan Pillay;

BJ Weigartz; Rukaya Asmal; Nadene Campbell; Alicia Chetty; Linda Govender ; Sandhrika Paraswath ; Maria Frade ; Yashoda Ramkissoon ; Nosipho Zitha; Nirvana Maharaj ; Zola Stembele; Hurisha Naidoo; Zetu Jacobs

DONATIONS Major donors: National Lottery Board

Nedbank Rennaisance/Interfund

Victor Daitz Foundation

Gold Peer

Fairfield Dairies

Community Chest

Childline SA

UNODC

Reed Elsevier

Gold Peer

PEPFAR

The Dept of Education

OXFAM

DG Murray Trust

Nedbank Limited

Investec

Donations in cash: EA Stewart Trust Y Govender Dorothy P. Van Dokku Maritzburg Auction Follow the Child Penzance Primary School Durban Round Table No. 2 Asha Devi Dindial Rock Construction Khetiwe Construction FFS Refiners J Wilsworth Dr JA Soodyall Sibaya Casino Charity Circle (Winners Family Greater Good SA H. Frederiksen Herdboys

A Beare Foundation PMB cash donations Arthur Field S Ram Sumer Edge Kids Illovo Sugar GA Horn Palace Shopfitters Westville Girls High Regal Security SR Moody UK M Sigamoney Embury College La Lucia Library Antonio Braz Trust Ellerines Health Spas

Debit order donors Tiago Trading RD Ramlal

Ashini Naidoo Gettaphix 59

Donations in kind Service providers: Telkom Absolute Air Cincinatti Time Plumbing and General Weddings and Functions

Chubb Kayser Baird K. Chetty (Marcus) Analog Digital

Other:

Sweets from Heaven

East Coast Radio

Kashik Mohanlall

Ashwin Ramroop

Carlene & Kerry Sharp

Kuben Pillay

Ashika Reddy

Jenisha Mahara

Sri Sathya Sai Organisation

Simba: Neren Ramkubare

Brian Naidoo and Family

Mr AA Sayaana

Myvin Pretorius

Colour C: Mr Silvanis Chetty

Nandos:Field St, Durban

Marcus Thaver:Pick „n Pay

Musgrave Centre

Mr Martyn Wlaters (Pmb)

Trish Besnard: Indian Ocean

Mr R Miller (Pmb)

Kimberley Schaller

DLI Hall: Greshe Pather

ABI Phoenix Depot

Kevin Dhanapalan

Discovery Health – Durban

Minolta – Gary Goadsby

Allan Lofstrand

Firzana Asmal

Morningside Rotary Club

Mondi Paper

Condor Security

Rajen Naidoo

Durban South Toyota

Printmarc Corporate Imaging

Neville Smith:United Church of God

Women’s Day 2009 Staff decided to spend time together by having a lunch in the garden. Wimpy at Windermere Centre provided muffins and milkshakes. The Therapeutic Manager and Crisis line Manager sponsored KFC for the staff.

Childline KZN Annual General Meeting 2009 Childline KZN`s AGM was held at the Durban Light Infantry, Sergeant Mess Hall on August 26, 2009. The guest of honour, Professor Hoosen Coovadia, enlightened guests and staff on the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the in-depth research his team has undertaken in South Africa. Entertainment proved to be exciting and spontaneous as the Chatsworth Youth League provided dances, an informative sketch and songs. Child representatives from leadership programmes showed how Childline had made a difference in their lives. Speeches were delivered by the director of Childline, Linda Naidoo, chairman Mr M. Sigamoney and Treasurer, Mr S. Moodley. The vote of thanks was conveyed by Colleen Woolaganthan. The meeting ended with light refreshments.

Stand Up Take Action Campaign Childline KZN took part in the Stand Up Take Action Campaign which took place between 16 and 18, 2009. The event was held at Menzi High School in Umlazi N Section, 253 Maponya Road. Learners from Menzi High School, Nogongeni Primary School and Qhilika High School participated in the event. Last year, a record breaking 116 million people throughout the world stood up and took action to end poverty and help achieve the Millennium Development Goals. This year, the campaign had broken the Guinness World Record for the largest mobilization around a single cause in recorded history. Childline KZN focused on the plight of children. Learners assembled in the formation of the Childline KZN toll free number and released white balloons into the air as a symbol of peace and harmony. The white balloons symbolized a new dawn, a new release of life for the most vulnerable, our children, who need a listening ear. The campaign created a request – ”Lets Stand together! We cannot be indifferent. Protection of children should be a priority. It should be the first priority in our Province.” The media and SAPS supported the event.

Donorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Evening Childline KZN took a moment to pay tribute to our special donors who make a difference in the lives of our children in KZN. The function was hosted at Childline House in Morningside from 5:30pm to 6:00pm. The evening was blessed with splendour and peace. Candles were lit, carols were sung in the garden by Childline staff and our donors. Music was provided by Benjamin Thomas and his team of carol singers. Entertainment also comprised sketches and songs by Leaders of Tomorrow, part of the Childline Peer Education Programme. Delicious meals were prepared by King and Kings catering and Pick â&#x20AC;&#x17E;n Pay Musgrave. Donors were presented with certificates of appreciation by the director. The chairman thanked our donors for their support as services only continue because of the helping hands of the public. Childline received funding from Durban Round Table No.2. Cheques were presented by David Beningfield and Daryn Brown to Linda Naidoo and Childline board members, Norman Moodley, Marisol Guiterrez and Meryn Sigamoney.

Childline Children’s Christmas Party On Saturday, December 5, 2009 children from Ndwedwe, KwaMashu, Inanda, Phoenix, Umlazi and Durban Central were transported via 5 buses to Ferndale Combined School in Unit 10 Phoenix. Parents accompanied their children and Childline staff were designated marshals. They welcomed the children to a day filled with activities and fun. Childline KZN‟s Children‟s Christmas party gave hope to children who had been through the therapeutic process at the various satellite offices throughout KZN. Children were greeted by Omie the Entertainer, a comedian and magician. The Fire Department carried out a demonstration on the sports field and children enjoyed an unforgettable hands-on experience with the fire engine. Mervin the Clown sculptured balloons and handed out 450 presents and party treats. Childline celebrated the 16 Days of Activism by holding a fun-filled party. Children participated in activities that represented how they felt – “Do I feel Safe, I do not feel safe”. The response was unanimous because they felt safe when they spoke out about abuse. They felt safe when Childline was told about their predicaments and they felt safe when they were comforted. Partnerships were created with organisations and community members who rallied to ensure the Christmas party had an abundance of gifts and refreshments. Germants and Khwetiwe Construction helped create the amazing atmosphere while Rock Construction and Palace Shop fitters played a significant role in the planning. Other significant role players included Mr Carlos De Costa, Mr Vernon Reddy of Island View Bakery, Spur, Simba, Mr Sayanna, Ruben Pillay, Monsoor Tea Room and General Dealer, Cameron Cruises, Anza Cooldrinks, Ashika and Jenisha, Brian Naidoo, Wendy Jansson and Trish Besnard who created a day filled with nostalgia. Childline wishes to thank all the participants. In Pietermaritzburg, our children were entertained on December 16 by Ursula Joseph and her team from African Enterprises. The children enjoyed song, dance, a jumping castle, face painting, a lovely meal from McDonalds, snacks and a present from Father Christmas. A DVD was made to commemorate the day. Condor Security donated boerewors for the parents‟ lunch.

Childline Staff Christmas Party Childline Staff were treated to a scrumptious meal at Riverside Conference Room on Friday, December 5, 2009. Light entertainment proved to be the highlight of the outing as staff demonstrated their vocal talents and dance moves during a karaoke session.

DJ‟s provided music. The programme, which covered a full day, included the exchange of gifts, quizzes and competitions. Each team presented light hearted sketches and fully choreographed dances. It was fantastic to see the comradeship!

Childline’s Participation in the Blood Drive The South African National Blood Service challenged the community to WORKIT and save a life. Childline KZN welcomed the challenge and took time out from their busy lives to participate in the SANBS Save-a-life drive. Childline helped SANBS meet their targets by donating blood and saving more lives on March 10, 2010.

Linda Naidoo, the director of Childline KZN said: “In changing times, human society can move forward and support a great cause by donating blood to protect the lives of many ill people and children. This will not only reduce the numbers of children dying due to a lack of blood, but provide comfort for the families of victims. Donating will help blood banks control declining stocks. Now is the right time to do something to help prevent deaths caused by a lack of blood in the blood banks. Childline will continue to play an active role in donating blood and saving lives.”