Markham Skeet, Trap, and Sporting Clays September 1, 2016 Volume 7 Issue 9
1
September Issue 2016
OFFICERS AND BOARD MEMBERS 2015 OFFICERS
Club News - Magazine Review Calender of Events Club Calender
4-11 12-13
14-15
•
PRESIDENT—Vacant
•
VICE PRESIDENT—Vacant
•
TREASURER—Steve Sagal
•
SECRETARY— Joe Loitz
•
RECORDING SECRETARY—Jerry Schwab
DIRECTORS:
NSCA Schedule
16-19
Sporting Clays Program and Results
20-21
Skeet Program and Results
22-23
FSA InsideSkeet this Calender issue:
24-25
Trap Program
26-27
Trap Results
28-29
Youth Program
30-31
“If you don’t know where you are going, you might wind up someplace else.” Yogi Berra
•
Rich Nilsen
Contact info: Markham Skeet, Trap, and Sporting Clays 8299 Cassia Terrace Tamarac, Fl. 33321 •
www.markhamclaytargets.com
•
www.markhamskeet.org
•
www.markhamsportingclays.org
•
E-mail: markhamshooter@gmail.com
•
Newsletter: jloit@bellsouth.net
2
Next General Meeting October 6th Starting at 7:00 PM
3
Club News The storms of the wet season seem to have finally arrived. They haven’t affected any of our shooting yet but no one can predict the future or the weather. I have some sad news to report. Steve Sagal has passed away. His funeral is Wednesday, August 31st at 1:00 PM at the Star of David, 7701 Baily Rd., N. Lauderdale, FL 33068. I hope this reaches you in time to attend. I also have to report that ATA Hall of Fame member Morris Stinebring also passed recently. Both were my friends and they will be missed. On a happier note, we received five new guns for the Youth Program from the monies SCI President Rich Nilsen provided from the Safari Club International. We have the best Youth Program firearm selection in Florida and maybe the whole of the Southern Zone. Thanks again to Rich and SCI! In club shooting Joey Pinchin lead the Sporting Clays shoot by
three targets with a Lone 94 over a remarkable turnout of 53 shooters. Richard Olivieri and Charlie Alvarez took second and third with 91’s. At the monthly skeet shoot Asif Sheerahamed won the HOA, 12 and 20 gauges. Hector Marrero won the 28 and .410 while Dave Worboys turned in a great score of 44x50 for the Doubles event. Angel Estevez swept the Trapshoot last weekend winning the Singles with a 49, Handicap with a 47, and Doubles with a 93. Good Shooting Everyone! Although we have scheduled the trapshoots to be on Saturdays for the target year 2016-2017 we have decided to keep them on the fourth Sunday as they currently are. Our next shoot will be Sunday, September 25th. Tell everyone about the change. Remember there will be no Sporting Clays shoot in September and the Youth Program is Cancelled next weekend for Labor Day. See you at the club!
4
Magazine Reviews TRAP & FIELD – August 2016 If this is your first Grand or if you are thinking of going to the Grand, Ron Sutton has some advice on approaching this marathon event. When I was shooting competitively I would get to the Grand on Friday night to shoot the weekend preliminary events for my Grand week warm-up. Now people show up on Wednesday and shoot 1,500 preliminary targets before the start of the official Grand week. Personally, I know I couldn’t do this and hope to be successful. Ron agrees with me. Most shooters should shoot the events in the prelims where they have a high chance of success otherwise skip most of these targets. I agree with most of Ron’s assessments on what are good banks to shoot on. We both like banks 1-4 and 10-17. Ron buys his shells from the shellhouse and suggests Walmart as a second source. For breakfast we both agree The
Butcher’s Block can’t be beat. J & T’s Caliber restaurant in the clubhouse is great for lunch or dinner. The food is good and reasonably priced and their loaded fries are to die for! Lastly, when you pack always be sure to add some cold weather clothes, jackets, and rain gear to your wardrobe. You never know what August in Illinois can bring. It isn’t always scorching hot! Sparta is a great place to consider upgrades to your equipment with all of the companies and dealers to choose from and all the guns available to demo. There is one caveat to this, don’t fall in love with a new gun, buy it, and expect to shoot well with it. Seen it happen too many times, new gun syndrome only works for a couple of hundred targets before all your bad habits suddenly arrive to ruin the new gun’s aura. Don’t get new springs for your triggers either. The change just might kill your timing.
5
Magazine Review CLAYTARGET NATION – August 2016 The Incomer Drill was introduced by John Shima to his students over 20 years ago and is designed to improve a shooter’s mechanical, visual, and mental discipline. By shooting only incomers on stations 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 you slow the game down so you can concentrate on swinging with your whole body from the ankles up. Slowing the game down allows you to concentrate on individual aspects of the shot to hone it into a perfectly orchestrated performance. Sounds simple but I can assure you if you do this drill honestly, working on swinging with your whole body, you will find a real appreciation for this drill like Hector Marrero and I did one Sunday morning. This first part of the drill is working on technical aspects of your game. From here you work on your visual skills. Shoot the first three targets over the stake then drag the fourth incomer (you shoot four targets on each post) 5-10 yards closer to you. This trains your visual focus by prolonging your visual attention on the target.
one shot on the post, one incoming target on each of the six stations. A round of 25 targets would take over an hour to complete (four rounds of 25 where you shoot only 6 targets per round) but it would be exceptional training in concentration. In trap this would be like shooting one target per post for five rounds! Getting a true read on a sporting clay presentation is vital to your success when pitted against a good target setter. Clayton M. Rue passes on some good information on how to beat the target setter’s tricks. If possible get right behind the machine to get a better read on a target. If you can’t get behind the trap move as far as you can to the right and left to get a better perspective on the target. Clayton says to use a pencil on the target line to get a read on how it is flying. I use the edge of my notebook. It helps separate the target from the background. I have also used the edge of a shell box to do the same thing. Also be aware of the target being used. Midi’s give the appearance of distance.
For mental training John presents an interesting change in this training exercise. While the rest of the squad is shooting 25 targets as usual you will be shooting only one target on each post. The Japanese archery principle of kyudo “one arrow, one target” trains you to be totally there for the one target you get to shoot. Now when you step up to the post you are preparing for 6
Richard Faulds 2015 Worlds Where do you put your focus when you shoot? Some would say on the target’s front edge, the rings, etc. Personally, as fast as I shoot some targets I never really see anything but a whole target. To focus on one aspect of the target would detract from seeing the target as a whole and would make judging its speed more difficult or maybe I’m just too blind to see anything but a whole target. This isn’t the whole issue for Gil Ash. Gil is adamant about concentration on the target and also is a true advocate of preloading the shot through use of visualization. His preloading is a very specific activity with as much detail as possible not just a snapshot of the lead needed. Here is where people hurt themselves. A snapshot of just the lead isn’t what your subconscious wants from you. It wants a preload from the mount all the way into the follow-through just as Gil suggests.
unconscious shot execution. Other research has proven that at the expert level the expert can intercede in the subconscious swing to adjust it at the last moment if required. Gil teaches to the lowest common denominator. Experts break out of the totally subconscious mode into an area where they can exert conscious control over a subconscious activity. This is a fine line area. Some people never relinquish control to their subconscious. Gil wants us to simply trust our subconscious at all times. This works for about 70-80% of your targets. To push beyond the intermediate level you need to understand shooting at a higher level than the Ash’s suggest. Just because you have conscious control of the subconscious doesn’t mean you are looking at the gun! Have you ever used a LEAD TABLE? If you have you may want to reconsider the advice they give. Tom Roster fairly well debunks the LEAD TABLE mythos. Yeah, they give a relative indication but since each shooter is so different they are only a guideline at best.
Gil found a study which supports a nonconscious controlled swing to the target. While this is true he is tacitly advocating an 7
Magazine Review SHOOTING SPORTSMAN – September/October 2016 I have never shot tower pheasant or driven birds and like many, probably never will. There are alternatives and Chris Batha enlightens us this month on the use of flurry traps to simulate a driven shoot. Evidently in England these are held during off-season and follow a format similar to what would happen during an actual driven bird shoot. A horn blows and a vanguard of birds are sent off the towers. The volume of birds builds until it simulates what a driven shoot would be at peak volume. Two shooters trade off during the day, one acting as a loader while the other shoots and vice versa. Sounds like great practice for the real thing. Incoming targets fly at up to 40 yards over the shooters. The typical target passes overhead at 30+ yards and 40 mph. Sounds like fun!
What do you do if your shotgun is off ? If you have screw in chokes, try another choke. No change in the patterning means the barrel is the problem otherwise it is a tube problem. Get rid of the tube if you find a defective one or if it is a barrel problem my solution would be to get rid of the gun. Tom says to hone your choke tube in the opposite direction of the problem to fix it. He also suggests shimming the stock. I just don’t see how you can make a stock that looks right to begin with look right once you shim it. You just got done sighting the gun from a bench rest how can you adjust the stock to make it shoot right and still look the same? It may shoot right but looking down the barrel is going to be horrendous!
There is a difference between patterning a shotgun and testing its POI. The patterning test is looking at the uniformity of the pattern. Where it shoots isn’t the issue. POI patterning is all about where the gun shoots. According to Tom Roster POI patterning should not be done free-hand it should be from a bench rest. In the least the barrels of the gun should be resting on something when the testing is done. Gripping the forearm is not advised, simply cup it to steady it. Test for POI at 30-35 yards, 25-30 is better for skeet or .410. Shoot 10 shots for each barrel or for each load you want to test. 8
The bronze plaque for Johnny B. on wall by trap 2. Every time I come across an article on buying a used shotgun I take notes on what the expert has to say. Thankfully, I have never been burned but it can definitely happen. Terry Allen gives us some pointers on what to look for when buying your next “pre-owned” shotgun. Pull the stock off and take a good look at the trigger assembly even if it is a Perazzi, Zoli, Beretta or other gun where you have removable trigger. You want to look for corrosion, original parts, etc. Check the trigger for creep, “squishiness” or slop, and the trigger weight. I have encountered release triggers that are less than 1 lb and have to say I don’t know how anyone can shoot them! I like a nice crisp release probably in the 3 lb range the same way I like a 3 lb pull trigger. Anything less or more is not satisfying and would require adjustment. Know before you buy what problems you may need to fix. Trigger problems can become unceasing for some guns and may be enough to warn you off of a purchase.
and neither do I. These can be easily changed so they shouldn’t be offputting. Balance is a personal issue and in most cases can be easily adjusted especially if the gun is barrel heavy but it is still something that deserves consideration. For O/U’s you should always check its POI for both barrels. Barrel convergence can be quite extreme on occasion. You don’t want a bottom barrel that shoots 90/10 at 30 yards and a top barrel at 50/50.
Get some help checking the barrel interior dimensions. Length of the forcing cone and any adjustments to it can alter tube set requirements. Just because you have a tube set doesn’t mean it will fit any gun. Changes to the forcing cone can affect the fit and the pressure dynamics of your tube set. I learned this from Briley by the way. Not all tube sets are appropriate for all barrels. Best to have a professional give their opinion on this subject if it is an issue when purchasing a used shotgun. I wouldn’t necessarily read a story on etiquette when shooting but I was curious about this one. E. Donnall Thomas, Jr. has written a fine article on the subject of etiquette while hunting that everyone who hunts should read. I don’t hunt with anyone I don’t know. Strangers with guns scare me! This is a nice reminder of how to act when other people are around whether it is in a duck blind or walking up on a pointing bird dog.
Mr. Allen does not like O/U’s with auto safeties 9
Magazine Review Shotgun Sports – September 2016 Safety in the duck blind is not the simple topic most people would envision. Duck hunting puts the hunter in perilous situations at the most unexpected moments. Ron Jones brings us several good reminders and the first is know the bottom. What does that mean? Know what kind of bottom you are stepping into when you step out of a boat or off the bank. Many areas in Florida are bounded by canals that are very deep! I have also stepped off banks into some very treacherous muck bottoms as has Ron. Always know what you are stepping into! We always use staffs to check the water ahead of us for depressions and/or muck. One bad muck experience is all you ever need, believe me. Always know who your hunting partners are. I haven’t made this mistake too often but if you are hunting with people you don’t know or with inexperienced hunters it is up to you to monitor them closely for safety’s sake. If you are hunting with a dog keep the loaded guns safely away from them. More than one story ends with someone being shot by their dog, either by knocking the gun down or the dog
jumping on it and the trigger. Before you leave the house make sure you have the right shells and empty your pockets of any stray ammo. Remember, the shooting starts a half hour before sunrise. This is no time to be stumbling around in the dark hoping you have the right gauge of ammo or if all your ammo is non-lead. Always decide ahead of time where everyone is going to stand once you are in the water and decide on a procedure to let everyone know if you are changing your position. You can’t be moving around without telling your hunting partner where you are. Finally, empty the gun once you get into the boat to leave. If a bird comes into range let it go. Too many hunters leave the gun loaded when they get back into the boat then forget to unload it when they get to the car. You are either hunting or you aren’t. When you aren’t, unload the gun.
10
Richard Faulds 2015 Worlds
This month’s issue also carries a good article on the Caesar Guerini Invictus V sporting clays gun. If you are interested in this new model you might want to get a copy of this very informative article. Match stress causes us to lose touch with our subconscious training. It short circuits our psyche causing us to lose the freedom of movement and reaction we spent so much time developing. When that goes our posture and confidence are quick to follow, consequently creating negative thinking and diminished self-image. Mental toughness is one way to deal with match stress.
So how does Michael J. Keyes, M.D. suggest we build mental toughness to deal with match pressure? Start at the local level like our monthly shoots at Markham and South Florida. Shoot enough monthly shoots and the routine of them will allow you to compete at your best under local conditions. Moving up to bigger shoots you may want to entertain adding techniques such as self-talk, visualization, breathing techniques, and relaxation methods to help deal greater match stress. To make these methods work you need to be aware of mental stress’ symptoms and the cues that cause them. When they appear apply what you have learned. One thing about mental training is that it is supposed to be practiced as often as your shooting if not more so otherwise it will do you no good. Practice your mental toughness, create exercises, and find ways to make it effective.
11
A competitive world offers two possibilities. You can lose. Or, if you want to win, you can change. Henry Ford 12
Calender of events: Gun Shows: Sept. 17-18th Ft. Lauderdale War Memorial Aud.
Skeet this month: Markham
Dick’s: They are running specials every other week. Watch the papers and check out their website. Winchester AA’s are on rebate again until September 1st.
Sept. 3rd
South Florida Sept. 24-25th
Trap this month: Indian River
Cancelled
South Florida Sept. 10th Markham
Sept. 24th
Sporting This month: Quail Creek
Sept. 10th
Markham
No Shoot
OK Corral
Sept. 24th
South Florida
Sept. 18th
Indian River
Sept. 17th
Current shell specials: Walmart: Currently selling Winchester Universal and Federal 4 packs at $21.74 (12 & 20 ga.). Cabela’s has Herter’s shells on sale for $529.90 for 10 flats. This includes shipping. These are 11/8 oz., 7 1/2’s & 8’s, 1200 fps, 12 gauge.
If you make every game a life and death proposition, you're going to have problems. For one thing, you'll be dead a lot. Dean Smith
13
September 2016 Sun
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Fri
Sat
1
2
3 Skeet Tourney
4
5 Youth Program Cancelled
11
12 Youth Program
18
19 Youth Program
25 Trap Tourney
26 Youth Program
6
7 Skeet Night
13 Skeet Night
20 Skeet Night
27 Skeet Night
8 Trap Night
14 Trap Night
21 Trap Night
28 Trap Night
9
10
16
17
23
24
Sporting Clays
15 Sporting Clays
22 Sporting Clays
29
30
Sporting Clays
14
October 2016 Sun
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Fri
Sat 1 Skeet Tourney
2
3 Youth Program
9
10
Sporting Tourney
Youth Program
16
17 Youth Program
23
24 Youth Program
30
4
5 Skeet Night
11 Skeet Night
18 Skeet Night
25 Skeet Night
6 Trap Night
12 Trap Night
19 Trap Night
26 Trap Night
7
8
14
15
21
22
Sporting Clays
13 Sporting Clays
20
Trap Tourney
Sporting Clays
29
28
29
Sporting Clays
31 Youth Program 15
PALM BEACH TRAP/SKEET PRO SHOP FIREARMS ALL NEW FIREARMS WHOLESALE PLUS
10% TRADES INS ACCEPTED AMMUNITION AMMUNITION WHOLESALE COST PLUS $2.00 PER CASE WITH 10 CASE ORDER $4.00 LESS THAN 10 DELIVERIES TO Ft Lauderdale/Miami CONFIRMED WITH ORDERS
CALL FOR CURRENT PRICES ON FIREARMS/AMMUNITION
561-793-8787 16
2015-2016 Schedule of NSCA Sporting Clay Tournaments
Date
Tournament
Saturday - Jan 16, 2016
Snow Bird Open
Sunday - Feb 7, 2016
Honest Abe's Birthday Bash
Sunday - Mar 20, 2016
St. Patrick's Day Open
Saturday - Apr 17, 2016
Spring Blast
Sunday - May 15, 2016
Memorial Day Open
Saturday - Jun 25, 2016
15th Annual Sunshine State Classic
Saturday - Jul 16, 2016
Super Sizzle Open
Saturday - Aug 13, 2016
Summers End Open
Sunday - Oct. 9, 2015
Pumpkin Blast
Sunday—Nov. 6, 2016
Richard Merritt Memorial
Saturday—Dec 31, 2016
Bud Wolfe Classic
A competitor will find a way to win. Competitors take bad breaks and use them to drive themselves just that much harder. Quitters take bad breaks and use them as reasons to give up. It's all a matter of pride. Nancy Lopez
17
We Are Expanding! Bermont Shooting Club is excited to announce the expansion of our sporting clays course! Course one will soon have an additional 3 stations. That's a total of 17 stations to put your shooting skills to the test! The work on the 2nd sporting clay course which will include 14 more stations on the south side of the property, is slated to begin in August. We are working hard to complete our cart barn and add the wraparound porch in August as well. Thank you for your continued support as we grow and expand!
We are excited to be working
Don't forget Bermont Shooting
with the NSCA and the Florida
Club is open Wednesday - Sun-
Sporting Clays Association. This
day 8am - 4pm. Memberships
is going to allow Bermont Shoot-
are available for $200. Which
ing Club the ability to host regis-
gives you discounted sporting
tered tournaments soon. We are
clays and access to fishing in
working closely with the associ-
our beautiful ponds. Club Man-
ation on dates for these future
ager LJ Duke is available to
events. We will be sure to let
work with anyone wanting to
you know all about our tourna-
learn the sport or perfect a par-
ments soon!
ticularly hard target!
18
19
SPORTING CLAYS PROGRAM Markham Skeet, Trap & Sporting Clays Club
PUMPKIN BLAST 100 Targets Shot over 14 Stations
SUNDAY OCTOBER 9TH Registration: Opens 8:30 a.m. and will close at 10:00 a.m. All scorecards must be turned in by 1:00 p.m. in order to be posted.
Entry Fee: $50 N.S.C.A., $50 Hunter, $35.00 Sub-Junior, Junior No Scorers or Trappers will be provided. Shooters will be asked to squad themselves into groups of at least 4 and designate a field judge to verify scores for the squad.
This is a Targets Only format with No Lunch served. COURSE RULES: All shooters and spectators are required to wear ear and eye protection on the course. MAXIMUM LOADS PERMITTED: 12GA, 3 DR EQ, 1 1/8 oz. Shot 7 1/2.
For additional information contact: Steve Haynie (954) 980-4240 email: sdhaynie@comcast.net For Tournament Schedules and Shoot Results Please Visit Our Website: www.markhamsportingclays.org
Markham Park , 16001 W. State Road 84, Sunrise , FL 33326 (954) 357-5143
20
SPORTING CLAYS RESULTS
CONCURRENTS LADY CH CHARLIE DE ANGELIS LADY RU TRACY PINCHIN S. JR. JOEY PINCHIN S. JR. RU CHRISTIAN KANZKI VET CH MAXIMO OLIVIERI VET RU KEN ERIKSON SUPER VET CH W T MUIR SUPER VET RU ROCKY LONG SR SPR VET CH JIM C. THOMAS SR SPR VET RU MARCOS J. OLSEN HUNTER CH JIM OLYMPOS HUNTER RU ANDREW STULL HUNTER 3RD ANDREI GOLIKOV
MAIN EVENT HOA—53 ENTRIES CH JOEY PINCHIN RU RICHARDO OLIVIERI M1 CHARLES ALVARES M2 HERBERT KANZKI M3 RODRIGO A. MEHICH AA1 GARY F. GRAY AA2 W. DALE MELTON AA3 PHILLIP FOY A1 DAVID M KORDZIKOWSKI A2 MARCOS J. OLSEN B1 STEVEN DEUTSCH B2 MAX REPIK B3 NATHAN EVANS C1 DARIUSZ RECZEK C2 DONOVAN H. AMRITT C3 NATHAN BUSSCHER D1 ASIF SHEERAHAMED D2 STEVE HAYNIE D3 CHARLIE DE ANGELIS 78 E1 CHRISTIAN KANZKI 73 E2 DWIGHT HYOTTE 94 E3 ARTHUR WITTAKER 76 88 86 86 85 85 76 75 56 54
94 91 91 90 90 85 84 84 81 76 84 83 82 82 78 76 82 81 78 76 75 75
21
MONTHLY SKEET PROGRAM Daily Fees .410 gauge 28 gauge 20 gauge 12 gauge Doubles
$5/100 Targets
50 Targets 50 Targets 50 Targets 50 Targets 50 Targets
$19.50 $19.50 $19.50 $19.50 $19.50
Shoots usually held the first Saturday of every month. Gauges may be shot out of sequence with the permission of management. More than one 50 target program may be shot in the same gauge as a preliminary event. AWARDS Break a 50, 75, or 100 Straight and get one of these guaranteed awards! 50 Straight Kennedy Half Dollar 75 Straight Eisenhower Dollar 100 Straight Morgan Silver Dollar 50 Straight Doubles Liberty Silver Half 22
Skeet Shoot Results
A good athlete always mentally replays a competition over and over, even in victory, to see what might be done to improve the performance the next time. Frank Shorter
23
24
25
Trap Program SPECIAL NOTICE *** PROGRAM CHANGE ***
Trap Program for Summer: 50 target 16 Yd and Hdcp events.
We are changing our Trap Tournaments $20.00 First Fifty targets back to Sundays for $18.00 Subsequent Fifty tarthe 2016-2017 season. get events. ATA SHOOT SCHEDULE 2016-2017
September 25th October 23nd November 27th December 18th January 15th February 26th March 26th
Doubles events will remain 100 targets. $33 if shot with other events, $37 as single event. See Federico Ramirez for details: 954-394-5134
26
WEDNESDAY NIGHT SHOOTING IS STILL POPULAR WITH THE SHOOTERS. SIGN UP WITH STEVE NORRIS AND THE REST OF THE REGULARS AND TRY YOUR SKILL AND LUCK AT ALL THE GAMES. 27
Trapshooting Results
Singles SHOOTER
CLASS
SCORE
ANGEL ESTEVEZ
A
49
EDWARD GREENE
C
41
CARLOS BERNAL
C
36
JACK MOORE
D
45
GLENN HANF
B
41
AARON KLETZKIN
D
38
SAM QUINCY
D
43
TED VANDLING
D
38
MARCOS VIDAL
B
46
CUSTOM EAR PLUGS Advanced Quality Hearing Sample Rd. & FL. Turnpike @ Festival Flea Market Mall
Coupon $10. Off In-office only Cash and carry
By appointment only 954-975-5756 28
Handicap SHOOTER
YARDAGE
SCORE
ANGEL ESTEVEZ
21
47
TED VANDLING
18.5
31
20
47
21.5
42
CARLOS BERNAL
20
26
MARCOS VIDAL
23
39
WILSON MCMILLAN SAM QUINCY
Doubles SHOOTER
CLASS
SCORE
ANGEL ESTEVEZ
C
93
WILSON MCMILLAN
D
63
CARLOS BERNAL
D
81
FEDERICO RAMIREZ
B
42X50
29
Youth Program
Andrew Loitz winning the five-way shoot-off for 3rd place in the AIM Doubles Championship. He went on to also win the Preliminary 500 Doubles Target Junior trophy with 494x500 and three other Doubles trophies. Squadmate Gene Bryan won 3rd place HAA Class B during Grand week. The start of the school year has actually seen an uptick in our Monday nights. On another high note, Steve McGuillicutty has joined us again as a coach. 30
ADVERTISERS Professional and Industry Vendors
We are going to update this section of the newsletter on a continuing basis as requests come in. If you would like to advertise your business in this section of the newsletter contact me at: jloit@bellsouth.net Joe Loitz at 954-857-5278 Business Cards - $50 for one year Full Page ads - $200 for one year
31