The Frank Brady Collection of Hammered Groats by Spink and Son

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats Spink Coin auction 209 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Thursday 6 October 2011 at 10.00 a.m. 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET, UK and on

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Front Cover Illustration: 97 Back Cover Illustrations: 5, 47, 62, 65, 77, 132, 226, 233, 242, 243, 282, 305, 313, 343, 347, 360, 369, 386

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THE ENGLISH HAMMERED GROAT - Its Origin and Development By Peter Woodhead The purpose of this introduction is to outline the context in which groats were introduced and in which they developed. References used in the catalogue are listed in the Bibliography. Detailed comments on issues etc., will be found in the catalogue. The Background The coinage of every state in Western Europe is influenced by other countries around it and England was never an exception to this. In the eighth and ninth centuries much of Western Europe had used the fine silver Carolingian denier around 1.50-1.70g (grams) as its standard currency. Although England was not in the Carolingian Empire, the contemporary English silver penny was of similar size, weight and fineness. With the fragmentation of the Carolingian Empire, its successor states went their own separate ways, and in most cases local inflationary pressures taken together with accessibility to silver led to a general depreciation in weight and fineness to different degrees in different places. So by the twelfth century the denier had become a billion coin weighing 0.35g in Venice and a coin weighing 1.13g with only 30% silver content in France. England, however, though not unaffected by these developments, was still producing pennies weighing 1.40 grams of fine silver in the 1180s, made possible by a positive trade balance. The growth of trade and population led to an increase in the use of currency, particularly in the expanding towns and the need for a larger unit of currency grew, especially in those places where the purchasing power of the denier had dropped away. Thus Florence produced a silver soldo (12 deniers) in 1182 and introduced its gold florin in 1252, Venice issued a silver grosso of 26 deniers in 1192 and a gold ducat in 1280 and Milan a silver soldi (24 deniers) in 1190 and a gold ambrosino in the late 13th century. France introduced its silver gros tournois of 12 deniers (1 sol) in 1266 and a gold ecu around 1270. It is not surprising in these circumstances that when the English were planning a recoinage in 1279 they considered a larger denomination. This had, in fact already been tried in 1257 with Henry IIIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s abortive attempt to introduce a gold penny of 20 pence. In 1279 the English authorities decided to introduce a 1 larger silver denomination rather than one in gold. Why four pence? The English penny was a much finer and heavier coin in the thirteenth century than the Continental deniers. It was clear that to produce a multiple of a practical size, something smaller than, say, a shilling (sol), as the French had done, was needed. England, at that time, used two money of accounts systems, the pound of 240 pence and the mark of 160 pence. It was convenient, then, to think of four pence (as it had been with the gold penny of twenty pence) as a common factor of those amounts. The resulting coin would be similar in size to the French gros tournois, though a little larger.

According to Ruding, citing a Chronicle quoted by one Grafton, such action had been planned before, in 1227 and in 1249. No evidence has been found to support this claim. See the Rev. Rogers Ruding, Annals for the Coinage of Great Britain, 3rd edition, vol. 1, 1840.

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Why Groat? Groat is derived from the Flemish and Dutch word groot meaning a ‘great’ coin and is the same as gros in French and grosso in Italian. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, 1971 edition, the first two 2 recorded uses of the word are in the late 14th century. The point is that it seems to have been first used in England for coins after 1351, which was after groats had been reintroduced there and after groots had 3 started to be struck in the Low Countries. Why a Flemish word was adopted in England is uncertain, but the probable explanation lies in the wool trade with Flanders being England’s principal trade at that 4 date. How many were struck? It is not known how many groats were struck in the years immediately after 1279, during the reign of 5 Edward I (1272-1307), but they certainly circulated. The mint accounts record the amount of silver struck, which includes pence, halfpence and farthings as well as groats. Allen recorded 59 surviving 6 7 specimens from 29 obverse dies and 36 reverse dies, which using the method described by Esty, suggest that the coinage was struck using 46 obverse and 78 reverse dies. However, it is clear that these coins were only struck for a short time and that they never became popular. They must have had some wide appeal though, as most have survived because they were mounted as jewellery. The reappearance of Groats It is a surprising fact that England had to wait until 1343 for a gold coinage to reappear and until 1351 before groats were struck again. France had had a more or less continuous gold coinage from the 1290s and of silver gros from the 1270s and hoards confirm that these coins circulated. Part of the explanation lies, perhaps, in the comparative population of the two countries. England and Wales had a population 8 of about 3.75 million in 1300; France’s population at that date was about 16 million. The delay must also be a reflection of the commercial development of the cities of the two states. However, England was 9 certainly familiar with gold coins mostly in the form of Florentine florins, before the English gold coinage recommenced. If there had been a case for introducing groats in 1279, that case was certainly stronger in 1351. A gold coinage had been introduced in 1343. At first this was an English equivalent of the florin of Florence valued at 36 pence with its double and half, but within a year this was changed to a system that fitted in better with the English moneys of account; that is to say a noble of 80 pence (half a mark, one third of a pound) with its half and quarter. Since 1279 the silver penny of 22.2 grains (1.44g) had decreased in weight, to 20.3 grains (1.32g) in 1344, to 20.0 grains (1.30g) in 1346, and again in 1351 to 18.0 grains (1.17g) and the new groat was exactly four times this at 72 grains (4.67g). The fineness was always, until Tudor times, 0.925 silver. 2

In 1386 in Chaucer Pard. T.6.7., ‘Ye for a grote unbokale anon thy Purs’, and in 1387 in Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI, 259, ‘the groot turoney is somewhat lesse worthy than an Englishe groot’. 3 In Flanders about 1300. 4 J. H. Munro, Wool, Cloth and Gold, Toronto, 1972. 5 See, for example, the Dover hoard: R. H. M. Dolley, ‘The Dover hoard: the first English hoard with groats of Edward I’, BNJ 28 (1955-7), 147-68. 6 M. Allen, ‘The groats of Edward I’, BNJ 74 (2004), 28-38. 7 W. Esty, ‘Estimation of the size of a coinage: a study of comparisons and methods’ NC 146 (1986), 185-215, W. Esty, ‘How to estimate the original number of dies and the coverage of a sample’, unpublished handout for the International Numismatic Congress, Berlin, 1997. 8 C. McEvedy and R. Jones, Atlas of World Population History, Harmondsworth, 1978 9 P. Spufford, Money and its uses in Medieval Europe, p.277, Cambridge, 1986

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These standards were maintained for the reigns of Edward III (1327-77), Richard II (1377-99) and the first 13 years of Henry IV (1399-1413). Besides changes to the monarchâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name, there were subtle changes to the initial cross, lettering and punctuation, probably mostly due to the replacement of die punches, though the appearance of marks such as an annulet or saltire in one quarter of the reverse marked the beginning of a systematic approach to identifying personalities and issues. One major variation in the reign of Edward III was the replacement of the French title with that of Aquitaine during the period of the Treaty of Bretigny (1361-69). Demand was exceeding the supply of bullion in Europe generally and by the start of the fifteenth century the price that the English mint was able to offer for silver and gold became insufficient to attract the quantities needed. Inevitably a better price had to be offered and in consequence the amount of precious metal that could be put into units of coinage diminished. This took the form in 1412 of a reduction in weight of all denominations. In silver it meant that the weight of the penny was reduced to 15 grains (0.97g) and that of the groat to 60 grains (3.89g). These standards lasted until 1464 when similar pressures led to a further reduction; in the case of silver to a penny of 12 grains (0.78g) and thus a groat of 48 grains (3.11g). It is interesting to note that at this period the gold ryal which had replaced the noble was tariffed at 120 pence, but that a new gold coin, the angel, had been introduced valued at 80 pence which strongly suggests that the mark was still playing an important part in monetary affairs. Throughout the fifteenth century there are signs of improvements to the management and control of the coinage. Under Henry VI (1422-61 and 1470-71) there were regular changes to a system of symbols on the coins and later in the century the variations in the mintmark preceding the legend were used to show a differentiated sequence of issues. Where were medieval Groats struck? It is better to consider the groats of different periods separately. The mint in the Tower of London was certainly the most important. In general, no coins were acceptable in England if they were not struck to English standards. Major ports and cities, therefore, had exchanges to which foreign silver or plate could be taken and where it would be bought in exchange for English coins. Some of the larger ports had mints or mints were located at points where they could support several ports and these were activated at times of high demand, as, for example, when there was a change of standards with a corresponding need 10 11 12 13 for recoinage. Such royal mints were at Bristol, Canterbury, Norwich and York. Coventry had one, 14 too, because it was located in an area of industrial activity. Calais captured by Edward III in 1347 was made a royal mint in 1363. This was a special case because it was on the borders of Flanders and the wool staple was relocated to Calais in that year enabling receipts for that important trade to be converted to English coin on the spot. That mint was however closed in about 1440, though the staple remained there. There were, in addition, the ecclesiastical privilege mints operated for the profit of the archbishops of Canterbury and York and the bishops of Durham. In the middle ages these mints did not strike groats and they confined themselves mostly to pence.

10 11 12 13 14

Open Open Open Open Open

1465-8 and 1470-72. 1470 and 1477-83. 1465. 1465-71. 1465-6 and 1477-83.

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Tudor Groats The first Tudor king, Henry VII (1485-1509), did not make many changes to the coinage initially. However, during his reign a larger denomination, the testoon or shilling of twelve pence was introduced still, however, to the standards introduced in 1464. This, and the contemporary silver groats departed from the medieval norm by introducing a profile bust for the first time. The actions of Richard III (1483-85) in removing Edward IV’s sons to the Tower, their mysterious disappearance, and then Richard’s own death at the battle of Bosworth field, almost inevitably led to some persons claiming the English throne by pretending to be descendants of Edward IV. One of these was Lambert Simnel, who claimed to be the Earl of Warwick and another was Perkin Warbeck who claimed to be Richard, Duke of York. These impostors had varying degrees of success before they were unmasked and both had coins produced for them, examples of which are in this collection (lots 242, 243). Henry VII was noted for his prudence and during his rule he built up a considerable sum in his treasury; this has been estimated at between £1 million and £2 million in contemporary values. This was left to his son, Henry VIII, who very much relying on Cardinal Wolsey, who he had made Lord Chancellor in 1515, rapidly spent it on war with France (ostensibly to aid Ferdinand of Spain) and subsidies and soon found himself looking for further resources. The war with France ended with the English in occupation of Tournai (1513-18) where Henry briefly struck groats in his own name (lot 290). In 1526 Wolsey, partially with a view to recoup finances, but also to keep up with the market price of precious metal, reduced the weight of the penny to 10 2/3 grains (0.69g) and thus of the groat to 42 2/3 grains (2.76g). At this stage the fineness was still held to the 0.925 standard. The downfall of Wolsey in 1529 (due principally to his failure to obtain from the pope an annulment of Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon) was followed by a period of three years in which Thomas More was Chancellor, but no developments occurred to affect the coinage. In 1531 Thomas Cromwell had been appointed to the Common Council and rapidly gaining the King’s confidence was advanced to Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1533, Principal Secretary and Master of the Rolls in 1534 and Lord Privy Seal in 1536. From being a supporter of the Papacy in his earlier years as King, Henry came more and more to oppose the exercise of Papal power in England and Cromwell supported him in this. The monasteries are estimated to have held one fifth to one third of all the land in England. In 1534 Cromwell transferred to the Crown the payments of first fruits and tenths. In 1535 a commission was issued for the valuation of all ecclesiastical property in England. In the same year the Act of Supremacy placed the King in authority above the bishops. In 1536 the smaller monasteries were dissolved and in 1536-7 the larger abbeys were dissolved. All were gone by 1540. It is estimated that dissolution of the monasteries increased the annual 15 revenue by well over £100,000. Like Wolsey, Cromwell’s downfall was connected with Henry’s marital affairs; in Cromwell’s case due to a political marriage arranged with Anne of Cleves who failed to come up to the King’s expectations. After Cromwell’s arrest and execution the King exercised his rule without the aid of a single prominent politician, but rather with a succession of notables who exercised varying degrees of influence. 15

R. G. Elton, England under the Tudors, Cambridge, 1962, 149.

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In 1543 England was again at war with France and this incurred great expense so that once again the currency came under scrutiny. This time it was decided to debase the fineness of the coinage as well as to reduce its weight. This started in 1544 with the introduction of a shilling weighing 120 grains (7.78g) and a fineness of .750. The next year, 1545, a penny was issued with a weight of 10 grains (0.65g) and a fineness of 0.500, and a groat of 40 grains (2.59g) and the same fineness. In 1546 fineness was 16 decreased again for coins of the same weight to 0.333. Gold coins were treated similarly, though less drastically. It has been estimated that the crown made a profit of something in the region of £500,000 17 from these activities though, of course, the effect was very inflationary. Henry VIII’s death in January 1547 left the country in the hands of a nine year old child, Edward VI (1547-53). Rapidly, the strongly protestant Duke of Somerset, Edward’s uncle was made Protector of the Realm and he survived until 1551, when he was succeeded by the Duke of Northumberland. The base coinage which had been introduced in Henry VIII’s reign continued with yet a further debasement 18 to 0.250 fine in 1550 although this was applied to shillings only. In 1551 silver coinage was restored to 0.916 fine, though no groats were struck at this time. The silver coinage of this last issue of Edward VI was the crown, halfcrown, shilling, sixpence, threepence, and penny which suggests that the groat and perhaps the mark were no longer much in use. However, the groat reappeared in the next reign and at the start of Elizabeth’s reign and, as we shall see, came back with a vengeance in the civil war period of Charles I’s reign. It is also of interest that the mark existed as a coin in Scotland in the reign of Charles II (at that time the Scottish pound was worth one twelfth of the English pound so a Scots mark of 160 pence would be worth 13.3 pence English). Edward VI died on July 6th 1553 and Queen Jane (Lady Jane Grey) was proclaimed in London and Queen Mary in Norfolk. Northumberland backed Jane and was cast in the Tower with her and both were soon beheaded as Mary prevailed to take her right as Queen. Mary (1553-58) was a passionate Catholic and set out to undo the reform of religion which her father had started and which had continued under her half-brother. She appointed Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, to be Lord Chancellor and chief minister and despite the disapproval of the country and the council, married King Philip II of Spain in October 1553. She endeavoured in all possible ways to bring back church lands, without success, and she restored the Roman worship aided by Reginald Pole, Cardinal and Papal legate. In 1555 trials of reformers started and before the reign was out 300 men and women were burned for their faith. Under Philip’s influence England declared war on France in 1557 and in January 1558 the French overran Calais, English since 1347. Groats reappeared soon after Mary succeeded at a weight of 32 grains (2.07g) and were struck in 11 19 ounce silver (0.917 silver). These were continued after she married Philip with the addition of his name. Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth I (1558-1603) succeeded her. Groats continued to be struck during the first three years of her reign, both at the Tower mint and as part of Mestrell’s milled coinage. Halfgroats were struck throughout her reign, but these should probably be seen as double pennies rather than as halfgroats.

These finenesses were expressed at the time in ounces of fine silver in a Troy pound of 12 ounces. Thus a fineness of 0.333 is 4 divided by 12, 0.500 is 6 divided by 12, and 0.750 is 9 divided by 12. 17 R. G. Elton, op. cit., 227. 18 3 ounce fine; 3 divided by 12 = 0.250. 19 11 ounce fine; 11 divided by 12 = 0.917

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Where were Tudor Groats struck? Under Henry VII groats were struck at the Tower only, though the ecclesiastical mints Canterbury, York and Durham struck minor denominations. A similar picture can be seen from the earlier years of Henry VIII’s reign with the one exception that Cardinal Wolsey struck groats at York (lots 305 to 311, with his cardinal’s hat on the reverse). This piece of presumption was one of the arguments used to encompass his downfall! The ecclesiastical privilege mints fell to Thomas Cromwell’s reforming zeal and are not present in Henry’s last coinage, though the royal mints at Canterbury and York continued to operate. Additions to the list of mints at this time are Southwark, Durham House and Bristol all opened to cope with the issues of debased coinage. Coins of Southwark read CIVITAS LONDON instead of the usual reverse reading POSVI DEVM ADIVTOREM MEVM to distinguish them from the Tower mint coinage. Durham House, also in London, was operated by Sir Martin Bowes; all have the bow mintmark and the Latin reverse legend, REDDE CVIQUE QVOD SVVM EST (‘render to each that which is his own’). Bristol reopened under Henry VIII and continued under Edward VI, was operated by the mint controller William Sharington whose ligate WS monogram forms the mintmark for the Bristol issues. Under Edward VI the debased coinage continued from the same mints but when, in 1550, fine coinage was again introduced, this was only struck at the Tower of London. The same is true of his successors, Mary, Philip and Mary, and Elizabeth I. Mestrell’s introduction of milled coinage, which included a groat, was made with machinery at the Royal Mint. Stuart Groats Under James I and Charles I coins continued to be struck solely in the Tower until 1638. Thomas Bushell opened a mint in that year at Aberystwyth to coin the silver from the Welsh mines. This coinage included a groat as well as a range of other denominations. This mint continued to operate up to the start of the Civil War (1642) when it was removed to Shrewsbury. After the Civil War started groats were stuck at Oxford (1642-46), Bristol (1643-45), Exeter (1643-46), the ‘A’ and ‘B’ mints, the ‘W’ and ‘SA’ mint and the Aberystwyth (Dovey Furnace) mint (1648-9). The groat denomination was also struck in obsidional form at the Scarborough, besieged (1644-5). It is unclear why the groat reappeared at this point; shillings, sixpences and threepences had become well established and we do not see much evidence of the mark surviving as a money of account. One explanation maybe that in the provinces there was a conservative attachment to the old denomination, although none had been struck since 1561. No groats were struck during the Commonwealth (1649-60). Afterwards, in the reign of Charles II and his successors, groats gradually ceased to circulate generally except for a revival in the mid nineteenth century. They have though continued to be struck annually to the present day as part of the set of coins traditionally distributed by the Sovereign on Maundy Thursday.

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

FRANK BRADY

Frank Brady, a surgeon by profession, became interested in coin collecting while he was working at the University of California (UCLA) where he held the post of Associate Professor of maxillofacial surgery in the late 1970s. Numismatics was not new to the Brady family as his brother, Gerard, was a collector of Irish coins. Through Gerard he was introduced to the late Patrick Finn, then working at Spink. Frank struck up a warm friendship with Patrick, which extended to include the late Douglas Liddell, who both visited Frank and his family in Los Angeles in 1978. Frank was thinking seriously of starting a collection but wanted his collecting to be focused on a specific area. Anglo-Irish history had always been of interest to him and his brotherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Irish collection included a groat of the pretender Lambert Simnel. This single coin provided the focus he was searching for and he was determined to build a comprehensive collection of good grade English hammered groats. The project got underway in style by acquiring from Spink one of the rarest of the series - a groat of Richard III in the name of Edward V, with a first rate provenance (lot 231). Over the next thirty years Frank built his collection with a good eye for quality coins and rare varieties. Many coins were bought from Spink and Patrick Finn, who continued to assist him in developing the collection until his untimely death in 2000. Through Patrick, Frank met May Sinclair early on at Spinks, and May has remained a close friend and a continuous advisor in helping him build up and refine his collection. Building up the collection has given Frank much pleasure and along the way he made many good friends across the numismatic world. Frank would like to express his gratitude to Paul Dawson, Julie-Morgane Lecoindre, David Guest and William MacKay, along with all those people in the UK and USA notably Marvin Lessen, who have over the years helped him build up the collection and shared in his passion for English Medieval groats. In particular Frank would like to single out Peter Woodhead, whose huge knowledge of the medieval coinages and thoroughness has made possible the catalogue of the Brady Collection. Peter has given generously of his time and his understated support has been very much appreciated by Frank. Lastly, sincere thanks to his secretary Ursula for all her help and assistance.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY M. R. Allen, ‘The Groats of Edward I’, BNJ 74 (2004), 28-38 C. E. Blunt, ‘The Coinage of Edward V with some remarks on the later issues of Edward IV’ BNJ 22, 213-224 Blunt 1949-51 C. E. Blunt, ‘The Medallic Jeton of Perkin Warbeck’, BNJ 25 (1949-51), 215-6 Blunt and Whitton C. E. Blunt and C. A. Whitton, ‘The coinages of Edward IV and Henry VI (restored)’, BNJ 25 (1945-8), 4-59, 130-182, 291-339 Borden and Brown D. G. Borden and I. D. Brown, ‘The Milled Coinage of Elizabeth I’, BNJ 53 (1983), 108-132 Brooke G. C. Brooke, ‘Privy marks in the reign of Henry V’ NC 1930, 44-87 Brooker J. J. North and P. J. Preston-Morley, The John Brooker Collection, Coins of Charles I (1625-1649), SCBI 33, London 1984 Brown and Comber I. D. Brown and C. H. Comber, ‘Portrait punches used on the Hammered Coinage of Queen Elizabeth I’ BNJ 58 (1988), 90-95 De Mey 1975 J. De Mey, Les Monnaies du Tournaisis, Brussels, 1975 De Mey 1985 J. De Mey, Les Monnaies des Comtes de Flandre (1384-1556), Brussels, 1985 Elias E. R. Duncan Elias, The Anglo-Gallic coins, Les Monnaies Anglo-Francaises, Paris and London, 1984 Fox E. B. Earle Fox and Shirley Fox, ‘Numismatic History of the Reigns of Edward I, II and III’, BNJ 6 (1909), 192-212; BNJ 7 (1910), 91-142; BNJ 8 (1911), 137-148; BNJ 9 (1912). 181-206; BNJ 10 (1913), 95-123 Hoc M. Hoc, Histoire Monétaire de Tournai, Brussels, 1970 Laker A. J. Laker, The Portrait groats of Henry VIII, London, 1978 Lawrence 1937 L. A. Lawrence, The Coinage of Edward III from 1351, reprinted from NC 1926, 1929, 1932 and 1933 with additions, Oxford 1937 Lawrence 1934-37 L. A. Lawrence, ‘A Reply to the Preceding Paper’ printed after Blunt’s 1934-37 paper entitled ‘The Coinage of Edward V with some remarks on the later issues of Edward IV’ in BNJ 22 (1934-37), 213-25 Morrieson H. W. Morrieson, ‘The Coins of Oxford, 1642-46’, BNJ 16 (1921-2), 129-188; BNJ 20 (1929-30), 137-151 Morrieson H. W. Morrieson, ‘The Coins of Aberystwyth, 1637-42’ BNJ 10 (1913), 181-197 Morrieson H. W. Morrieson, ‘the Coinage of Lundy, 1645-6’ BNJ 19 (1927-8), 131-146. The coin referred to in the catalogue is now tentatively attributed to the Ashby-de-la-Zouche mint North 1989 J. J. North, Edwardian English Silver Coins 1279-1344, SCBI 39 North 1991 J. J. North, English Hammered Coinage, Volume 2, Edward I to Charles II, London, 1991 Peck C. Wilson Peck, English Copper, Tin and Bronze Coins in the British Museum 1558-1958 Potter 1958 W. J. W. Potter, ‘The silver coinages of Richard II, Henry IV and Henry V, part I’ BNJ 29, (1958-59), 334-52 Potter and Winstanley W. J. W. Potter and E. J. Winstanley, ‘The coinage of Henry VII’ BNJ 30 (1960-61), 262-302; BNJ 31 (1962), 109-24; BNJ 32 (1963), 140-60 SCBI 23 D. M. Metcalf, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Coins of Henry VII, London, 1976 Coins of England & the United Kingdom, London, 2011 Spink Stewartby Lord Stewartby, English Coins 1180-1551, London, 2009 Van Gelder and Hoc H. Enno van Gelder and Marcel Hoc, Les Monnaies des Pays-Bas Bourguignons et Espagnols 1434-1713, Amsterdam, 1960 Vanhoudt H. Vanhoudt, Atlas der Munten van België, 2nd edn. Heverlee, 2007 Whitton C. A. Whitton, ‘The heavy coinage of Henry VI’, BNJ 23 (1938-41), 59-90, 206-67, 399-439, and addenda BNJ 24 (1941-4), 118-9 Whitton 1949-51 C. A. Whitton, ‘The coinages of Henry VIII and Edward VI in Henry’s name’, BNJ 26 (1949-51), 56-89, 171-212, 290-332 Winstanley E. J. Winstanley, ‘The angels and groats of Richard III’ BNJ 24 (1941-4), 179-89 Allen Blunt

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Order of Sale THURSDAY 6 OCTOBER 2011 Sale commences at 10.00 a.m. EDWARD I, 1272-1307 EDWARD III, 1327-77 Pre-Treaty Period, 1351-61 Transitional Treaty Period, 1361 Treaty Period, 1361-69 Post-Treaty Period, 1369-77 EDWARD, THE BLACK PRINCE AND PRINCE OF WALES, D.1376

1-6 7-51 7-31 32 33-45 46-51 52

RICHARD II, 1377-99

53-63

HENRY IV, 1399-1413

64-66

HENRY IV OR V

67-70

HENRY V, 1413-22

71-78

HENRY VI, FIRST REIGN, 1422-61 Annulet Issue, 1422-30 Rosette-Mascle Issue, 1430-31 Pinecone-Mascle Issue, 1431-32/3 Leaf-Mascle Issue, 1432-33/6 Leaf-Trefoil Issue, 1436-38 Trefoil Issue, 1438-43 Trefoil-Pellet Issue, 1443-45 Leaf-Pellet Issue, 1445-54 Unmarked Issue, 1453-54 Cross-Pellet Issue, 1454-60 Lis-Pellet Issue, 1456-61 EDWARD IV, FIRST REIGN, 1461-70 Heavy Coinage, 1461-64 Light Coinage, 1464-70

79-138 79-94 95-102 103-109 110-114 115-116 117-123 124 125-131 132-133 134-137 138 139-200 139-150 151-200

HENRY VI, RESTORED, 1470-71

201-206

EDWARD IV, SECOND REIGN, 1471-83

207-226

EDWARD IV OR V, 1483

227-230

EDWARD V, 1483 RICHARD III, 1483-85

231 232-241

THE PRETENDER LAMBERT SIMNEL, 1487

242

THE PRETENDER PERKIN WARBECK, 1494

243

HENRY VII, 1485-1509

244-284

HENRY VIII, 1509-47

285-322

EDWARD VI, 1547-53, COINAGE STRUCK IN THE NAME OF HENRY VIII, 1547-51

323-341

EDWARD VI, COINAGE STRUCK IN HIS OWN NAME

342-344

MARY, 1553-54

345-347

PHILIP AND MARY, 1554-58

348-352

ELIZABETH I, 1558-1603

353-361

CHARLES I, 1625-49

362-384

CHARLES II, 1660-85

385-387

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THURSDAY 6 OCTOBER 2011 Commencing at 10.00 a.m All Sales are subject to the Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue Estimates The estimated selling price of each lot is printed to the right of the lot description and does not include the Buyer’s Premium. Bidders should bear in mind that estimates are prepared well in advance of the sale and are not definitive. They are subject to revision.

Note on reverse descriptions The legend always begins at 12 o’clock with POSVI. The position of additional symbols associated with the trefoils of pellets in the angles of the long cross are described in this catalogue as angles 1, 2, 3, 4 where 1 is upper left, 2 is upper right, 3 is lower right and 4 is lower left. This follows the heraldic convention as used in describing a shield in a coat of arms.

EDWARD I, 1272-1307 Coinage of 1279 (all Groats were struck at London). Groats of this reign had a nominal weight of 89 grains (5.77g).

1 (x1.5)

Edward I (1272-1307), Groat, 5.58g, variety a, flat crown with pellet ornaments, small face with short hair, quatrefoil of three lines, drapery two wedges with rosette below, colon stops, +EDWARDVS:DI:GRA:REX:ANGL., rev. :DNS HIBN’E DVX AQVT - LONDONIA CIVI, long cross, pellets in angles (N.1007; S.1379A; Fox 5; Allen A3/R3; SCBI 39, var.a; Stewartby p.170, var.a), very fine, very rare thus

£4,000-5,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1991, item 7998 Seaby auction, 23 April 1986, lot 110

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2 2 (x1.5)

Edward I, Groat, 5.41g, variety a, recut (?) crown, small face with short hair, curved drapery with rosette in centre, quatrefoil of three lines, flowers in spandrels with annulet centres, colon stops, +EDWARDVS D I GRA REX ANGL, rev. :DNS/HIBII/EDVX/AQVT DON/DON/IAC/IVI, no mark after AQVT (N.1007; S.1379a var.; Fox 5; SCBI 39 var.a; cf. Allen var.A - but this coin different from any listed by him; Stewartby p.170, var.a, var.), scuffed on obverse, at one time mounted with reverse gilded, good fine, rare

£2,000-3,000

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, 2011 Ivan Buck, Spink auction 176, 30 November 2005, lot 41 Found Essex/Suffolk border

3 3 (x1.5)

Edward I, Groat, 5.18g, variety c, crown with thick plain band and pearl ornaments, small face, bushier hair, rosette on centre of curved drapery, quatrefoil of three lines, colon stops, +EDWARDVS:DI:GRA:REX:ANGL:, rev. DNS HIBNE DVX AQVT - LONDONIA CIVI, three diagonal pellets before DNS, long cross, pellets in angles (N.1005; S.1379C; Fox 3; SCBI 39, var.c; Allen C1/R16 (coin 33); Stewartby p.170, var.c), crack at 4 o’clock, obverse scratched (probably due to the removal of a mount), reverse slight traces of gilding, otherwise good fine/very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1992, item 7456

www.spink.com

£3,500-4,500

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4 (x1.5)

Edward I, Groat, 5.24g, variety e, crown with tall central fleur and spearhead ornaments, large oval face with short hair, thick curved drapery, quatrefoil of three lines, colon stops, +EDWARDVS:DI:GRA:REX:ANGL:, rev. :DN’S HIBN’E DVX AQVT’ - LONDONIA CIVI, long cross, pellets in angles (N.1006; S.1379E; Fox 4; SCBI 39, var.e; Allen E1/R23 (coin 41); Stewartby p.170, var.e), slightly buckled, slightly etched, a most attractive example of this issue, good very fine, very rare

£5,000-6,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1993, item 8424

Page 13

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

5 (x1.5)

Edward I, Groat, 5.45g, variety f, crown with spread side fleurs, large broad face with short hair, quatrefoil in two lines, drapery two wedges with three pellets below, triple pellet stops, +EDWARDVS:DI:GRA:REX:ANGL, rev. DNS HBIN’E DUX AQVT - LONDONIA CIVI, long cross, pellets in angles (N.1006; S.1379G; Fox 2; SCBI 39, var.g; Allen F6/R37 (note Allen does not list but does illustrate coins reading HBIN); Stewartby p.170, var.f), very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, 1994

www.spink.com

£5,000-6,000

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6 6 (x1.5) 6

Edward I, Groat, 5.96g, variety f2, crown with spread side fleurs, large broad face, short hair, drapery two wedges with indistinct line of three pellets below, quatrefoil round bust consisting of two lines, triple pellet stops, +EDWARDVS: D’I:GRA: REX:ANGL, rev. HBIN’E DVX AQVT’ - LONDONIA CIVI, pellet barred N in DNS, long cross pellets in angles (N.1003(2); S.1379f; Fox 2; SCBI 39/14-15, var.f(2); Allen F5/R36; Stewartby p.170, var.f), good fine, extremely rare

£3,000-4,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1991, item 3596 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink

EDWARD III, 1327-77 All are from the fourth coinage, which splits into groups related to royal styles used; pre-treaty period (1351-61), transitional treaty period (1361), treaty period (1361-69), and post-treaty period (1369-77). Groats of this coinage have a nominal weight of 72 grains (4.67g) and this persisted until 1412.

Pre-Treaty Period (1351-61)

7 7

Edward III (1327-77), pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.43g, Series B, London, m.m. cross 1, Roman Ms and Ns, open Cs and Es, wedge tailed R, single annulet stops, rev. reverse barred Ns, pellet before reverse m.m. (N.1142; S.1563; Lawrence 11/7(?); Stewartby p.259, B), slightly buckled, full flan, nearly very fine, rare

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1991, item 1849 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 8

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.46g, Series B/C mule, London, m.m. cross 1, annulet stops, rev. Lombardic Ms and closed Es but open C in CIVITAS (N.1142/1147; S.1563/1565; Lawrence 9/1; Stewartby p.259, B/C), double striking at top of obverse, good fine, rare

£200-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 205 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 375 Page 15

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9 9

Edward III, pre-treaty period 1351-61, Groat, 4.49g, Series C, London, m.m. cross 1, closed Es and Roman Ns, annulet stops, rev. Lombardic Ms, open C in CIVITAS, fleurs on all cusps (N.1147; S.1565; Lawrence 11/12; Stewartby p.259, C), weakness in legends in places, slightly off flan on reverse, about very fine PROVENANCE: SNC December 1994, item 7910

£120-150

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.64g, Series C, London, m.m. cross 1, closed Es and Roman Ds, reads D’G’, no fleurs in cusps above crown, annulet stops, rev. Lombardic Ms and open C in CIVITAS (N.1147; S.1565; Lawrence -/28; Stewartby p.259, C), slight weakness in legend, superb portrait, lightly toned, good very fine PROVENANCE: SNC June 1994, item 7910

£200-250

11 11

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.38g, Series D, London, m.m. cross 1a, new plain lettering, EDWARD’D’G, closed C and E, no fleurs on cusps above crown, flat topped E in REX, annulet stops, N in ANGL unbarred, FRAIN with the F inverted, rev. Ns in LONDON reverse barred (N.1152; S.1566; Lawrence -/11; Stewartby p.259, D), very fine/nearly very fine PROVENANCE: SNC April 1993, item 1672

12 12

www.spink.com

£150-200

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.33g, Series D/E mule, London, m.m. cross 1a/cross 2, no fleurs on cusps above crown, flat topped Es, rev. unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1152/1163; S.1566/1567; Lawrence 3/4; Stewartby p.259, D/E), edge cut marks above and below bust, very fine PROVENANCE: SNC July/August 1991, item 4930

£150-200

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.35g, Series E/D mule, York, m.m. cross 2/1a, annulet stops both sides, no fleurs on cusps above crown, rev. EBORACI (N.1164/1153; S.1572/1571; Lawrence 2/4; Stewartby p.259, E/D), edge split at 11 o’clock, good fine, scarce PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 4, Spring 1995, no.305

£130-160

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14 14

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.28g, Series E, London, m.m. cross 2 both sides, no fleurs on cusps above crown, Roman E in EDWARD, rev. broken V in CIVITAS, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1163; S.1567; Lawrence 9/9; Stewartby p.259, E), lightly toned, very fine

£150-200

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 3.74g, Series E, London, m.m. cross 2, normal lombardic E in EDWARD, rev. C in CIVITAS recut, unbarred Ns, DON in LONDON struck over DDN (N.1163; S.1567; Lawrence uncertain; Stewartby p.259, E) clipped, double striking on reverse, about fine

£50-60

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.48g, Series E, York, m.m. cross 2, annulet stops on obverse only, no fleurs above crown, rev. EBORACI, V in CIVI broken (N.1164; S.1572; Lawrence 1/-; Stewartby p.259, E), lightly toned, small edge nick, a clear full coin, about very fine PROVENANCE: SNC April 1996, item 1488

17 17

£120-160

Edward III, pre-treaty coinage, 1351-61, Groat, 3.61g, Series E, York, m.m. cross 2, annulet stops both sides, no fleurs above crown, rev. EBORACI, V in CIVI broken (N.1164; S.1572; Lawrence 1/3 [probably]; Stewartby p.259, E), clipped, about fine PROVENANCE: SNC April 1993, item 1674

£50-60

Edward III, pre-treaty coinage, 1351-61, Groat, 4.50g, Series E/F mule, London, m.m. cross 2/crown, annulet stops both sides, lis shaped fleurs on cusps, none above crown, rev. unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1163/1174; S.1567/1569; Lawrence 4/4; Stewartby p.259, F), very fine PROVENANCE: SNC July/August 1991, item 4928

£130-160

19 19

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.45g, Series E/F mule, London, m.m. cross 2/crown, annulet stops both sides, lis shaped fleurs on cusps, none above crown, broken Cs and Es, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1163/1174; S.1567/1569; Lawrence 80/2 [p.91]; Stewartby p.259, F), good fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£100-130

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20 20

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.43g, Series F/E mule, London, m.m. crown/cross 2, annulet stops both sides, nine arches to tressure, fleurs on cusps, none above crown, rev. E broken at bottom, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1174/1163; S.1569/1567; Lawrence 13/13; Stewartby p.259, F), struck on a broad flan, good fine, scarce PROVENANCE: SNC April 1996, item 1489 Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.43g, Series F, London, m.m. crown both sides, nine arches to tressure, annulet stops both sides, broken E, rev. fleurs on cusps, none above crown (N.1174; S.1569; Lawrence 20/20; Stewartby p.259, F), good fine PROVENANCE: SNC July 1990, item 4274

22 22

www.spink.com

£150-200

£80-100

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.55g, Series G1 (North Ga), London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops, fleurs on all cusps, no annulet under bust, rev. annulet added in first angle (N.1193; S.1570; Lawrence G1/G1; Stewartby p.259, Ga), very fine Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.52g, Series Ga, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops both sides, annulet under bust, no fleurs on cusps above crown, rev. annulet added in third angle (N.1193; S.1570; Lawrence 1/1(?); Stewartby p.259, Ga), slightly dished, fine PROVENANCE: Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 131 (part)

24 24

£130-160

£60-80

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.64g, Series Gb, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops, no annulet under bust, no fleurs on cusps above crown, rev. annulet added in third angle, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1194; S.1570; Lawrence -/6[?]; Stewartby p.260, Gb), slightly dished, nearly very fine PROVENANCE: Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 90 Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.26g, Series Gb, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops both sides, no annulet under bust, no fleurs on cusps above crown, rev. annulet added in second angle, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1194; S.1570; Lawrence 2/1; Stewartby p.260, Gb), fine

£150-180

£80-100

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26 26

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.32g, Series Gb, London, m.m. cross 3, top arches not fleured, no annulet under bust, unbarred Ns, rev. LOM/DOM, with LOM under POSVI, annulets added in first angle (N.1194 var.; S.1570; Lawrence 7/7; Stewartby p.260, Gb), fine, scarce

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 2009, item HS3839 27

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.26g, Series Gd, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops, no fleur on left shoulder, annulet under bust, no fleurs on cusps above crown, broken E in DEV, rev. TA.S, annulet added in third angle (N.1196; S.1570; Lawrence 1/1; Stewartby p.260, Gd), flan surface stress marks on obverse, fine, scarce

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 496 28

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.00g, Series Gd, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops both sides, no fleur on left shoulder or above crown, rev. TA.S, unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1194/1196; S.1570; Lawrence 1/2; Stewartby p.260, Gd), fine, scarce

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

29 29

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.40g, Series Ge, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops, no fleur on left shoulder, pellet above central fleur of crown, rev. T.A.S, unbarred Ns in LONDON, annulet added in first angle (N.1197; S.1570; Lawrence 2/2; Stewartby p.260, Ge), about fine/fine

£60-80

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 30

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat, 4.40g, Series Ge/Gg mule, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops, pellet above central fleur of crown, fleurs on all cusps, rev. T.A.S, additional annulet in first angle, unbarred Ns in LONDON, saltire stops (N.1197/1199; S.1570; Lawrence 1/1; Stewartby p.260, Ge/Gg), flan edge split at 2 o’clock, very fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, November 1994 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 508 W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 31

Edward III, pre-treaty period, 1351-61, Groat. 4.25g, Series Gf, London, m.m. cross 3, annulet stops both sides, fleurs on all cusps, EDWAD, no pellet over crown, rev. T.A.S, square backed C in CIVI (overstruck letter?), unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1198; S.1570; Lawrence 3/-; Stewartby p.260, Gf), fine, scarce

£100-120 Page 19

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Transitional Treaty Period, 1361

32 32 (x1.5) 32

Edward III, transitional treaty period, 1361, Groat, 4.50g, London, m.m. cross potent, saltire stops both sides, French title omitted and Aquitanian title inserted, HIB Z ACQ, an annulet on the cusps either side of the crown, fleurs on other cusps except above crown, saltire stops, rev. reverse barred Ns in LONDON, no stop after POSVI (N.1225; S.1610; Lawrence 1/5; Stewartby p.260, Treaty A), full flan, an attractive example of this issue, very fine, very rare

£1,000-1,400

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 2011, item HS4439 Norweb, Spink auction 59, 17 June 1987, lot 1335 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 539 W.J.W Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963

Treaty Period, 1361-69

33 33 (x1.5)

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.60g, variety a, London, m.m. cross potent, double saltire stops both sides, fleurs on all cusps, treaty X in REX, unbarred A, no symbol before EDWARD, rev. reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1247; S.1616; Lawrence 1/4; Stewartby p.260, B1), a superb example with a most pleasing portrait, almost extremely fine, rare PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.157

www.spink.com

£400-500

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34 34

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.76g, variety b, London, m.m. cross potent, double saltire stops on obverse, single saltire stops on reverse, no annulet before EDWARD or on breast, treaty X, rev. reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1248; S.1616; Lawrence 4/4; Stewartby p.260, B1), very fine, rare PROVENANCE: SNC May 1990, item 2504 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 544 (part)

£180-200

35 35 (x1.5) 35

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.57g, variety c, London, m.m. cross potent, single annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, no annulet before EDWARD or on breast, fleurs on all cusps, treaty X, rev. reverse barred Ns (N.1249; S.1616; Lawrence 12/12; Stewartby B1[f]), obverse field has been burnished, otherwise attractive, good very fine, rare PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 12, February 1998, no.145 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 544 (part)

36 36

£250-300

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.62g, variety f, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, annulet before EDWARD, rev. reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1252; S.1617; Lawrence 20/20; Stewartby p.260, B2[k]), attractive portrait, good very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink G.V. Doubleday collection, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 559 (part)

£200-250

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.34g, variety f, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, annulet before EDWARD, fleurs on all cusps, rev. reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1252; S.1617; Lawrence 20/20; Stewartby p.260, B2[k]), fine PROVENANCE: SNC September 1991, item 5558 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 566

£80-100

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38 38

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.53g, variety f, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, annulet before EDWARD, fleurs on all cusps, pellet on neck, rev. unbarred Ns in LONDON (N.1253; S.1617; Lawrence 26/26; Stewartby p.260, B2[k]), pleasing, very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1990, item 2505 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 560 (part) W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963

39 39 (x1.5) 39

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.51g, variety g, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, annulet on breast, rev. pellet on the tail of R in ADIVTOREM, reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1253; S.1618; Lawrence 34/34; Stewartby p.260, B2[g]), lightly toned, pleasing, good very fine, rare

£450-650

PROVENANCE:

G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 562 W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963

40 40 (x1.5) 40

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.52g, variety g, Calais, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, fleurs on cusps, annulet on breast, rev. pellet after VILLA (N.1258; S.1619; Lawrence 1/1; Stewartby p.260, B2[g]), good fine, rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink www.spink.com

£300-400

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41 41 (x1.5) 41

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.53g, variety g, Calais, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, fleurs on cusps, pellet on breast, rev. pellet after VILLA (N.1258 var. S.1619; Lawrence 1 var./1; Stewartby p.260, B2-), lightly toned, attractive, very fine, rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin

42 42

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.36g, variety i, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, no annulet before EDWARD, fleurs on all cusps, letters AQT wide apart, treaty X, rev. barred A in ADIVTOREM, reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1255; S.1616; Lawrence 37/37; Stewartby p.260, B2[i]), obverse scuffs, weaknesses in legends, very fine, rare

£350-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1990, item 3393 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 564

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.36g, variety j, London, cross 3, annulet before EDWARD, double annulets stops, no annulet on breast, trefoils on all arches, rev. saltire stops, some double, ADIVTOREVM with unbarred A, saltire after MEV (N.1256; S.1617; Lawrence 41/unrecorded but similar to Lawrence 43 with an extra saltire after MEV; Stewartby p.260/1, B2(k)), pleasing, very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

CNG, Coin Shop item 882436, November 2010

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44 44 (x1.5) 44

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.55g, variety k, London, m.m. cross potent, annulet before EDWARD, double annulet stops, rev. double saltire stops, barred A in ADIVTOREM, reads MEV, reversed Ns in LONDON (N.1257; S.1617; Lawrence 47/47; Stewartby p.260, B2 (k)), cleaned, good very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 29 September 2010, lot 2085

45 45

Edward III, treaty period, 1361-69, Groat, 4.20g, variety k, London, m.m. cross potent, double annulet stops on obverse, double saltire stops on reverse, fleurs on cusps, annulet on breast and before EDWARD, rev. barred A in ADIVTOREM, reverse barred Ns in LONDON (N.1257; S.1617; Lawrence 47/47; Stewartby p.260, B2[k]), surface scuffs, very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.159

Post-Treaty Period, 1369-77

46 46 (x1.5) 46

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat, 4.35g, treaty/post treaty periods mule, London, m.m. cross pattée/-, fleurs on all cusps, with double annulet punctuation and treaty X, rev. saltire before and a colon after POSVI, single colon punctuation, saltire before CIVI, reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1257/1285; S.1616/1637; Lawrence 1/1; Stewartby p.260, B2/?), buckled and corroded, fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1990, item 5964 G.V. Doubleday, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 608 L.A. Lawrence, Glendining, 14 March 1951, lot 1148 www.spink.com

£400-500

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47 47 (x1.5) 47

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat, 4.58g, London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire punctuation both sides, fleurs on all cusps, pellet either side of the central lis of the crown, FRANCIE, rev. reverse barred Ns, saltire before and after LONDON (N.1286; S.1637; Lawrence 15-17/12; Stewartby p.261, 2b), lightly toned, a good clear coin, very fine, scarce

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink D. Mangakis collection, purchased by Spink, 1969

48 48

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat, 3.86g, London, m.m. cross pattée, saltire punctuation both sides, fleurs on all cusps, FRANC, rev. saltire before CIVI and LON, reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1286; S.1637; Lawrence -/14; Stewartby p.261, 3), clipped, fine, scarce

£100-130

49 49

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat, 4.16g, London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire punctuation on obverse, fleurs on all cusps, line of small pellets across bust (‘chain mail’), FRANCIE, rev. saltire before CIVI and LON, reverse barred Ns, contraction mark over second N (N.1286; S.1638; Lawrence -/11; Stewartby p.261, 3), double struck on reverse, fine, very rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Norweb, Spink auction 59, 17 June 1987, lot 1342

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50 (x1.5)

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat 4.54g, London, m.m. cross pattée with pellet at each point, double saltire punctuation, row of annulets under bust (‘chain mail’), fleurs on all cusps, HIB, rev. single saltire punctuation, reverse barred Ns, contraction mark over last N (N.1285; S.1639; Lawrence 7/7; Stewartby p.261, 1b), very fine, extremely rare

£1,500-2,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 168 M. Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 59 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink

51 (x1.5)

Edward III, post-treaty period, 1369-77, Groat, 4.29g, London, m.m. cross pattée with pellet at each point, single saltire punctuation, row of annulets under the bust (‘chain mail’), fleurs on all cusps, AQ, rev. single saltire punctuation (N.1284; S.1639; Lawrence 6/7; Stewartby p.261, 1a), obverse mintmark not all visible, good fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn Dupree collection, purchased by Spink (with Dupree ticket)

www.spink.com

£700-900

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EDWARD, THE BLACK PRINCE, PRINCE OF AQUITAINE AND PRINCE OF WALES, d.1376

52 (x1.5)

Aquitaine, Edward, the Black Prince (Prince of Aquitaine 1362-72), Gros (no mint letter), 4.32g, Prince with chaplet of roses on head facing to right with a sword in his right hand, EDWARDVS:PIMO:GNS:REGI, rev. long cross, pellets in angles, PRINCEPS AQITANIE in inner circle, GLIA:IN EXC[..]DEO:ET IN TRA:PAX around (Elias 168), edge chip at 11 o’clock, weakness on face, fine, extremely rare

£1,200-1,500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

RICHARD II, 1377-99

53 53

Richard II (1377-99), Groat, 4.54g, type Ia, London, m.m. cross pattée, bust and lettering as on coins of Edward III, double saltire stops both sides, no pellet over crown, copula before FRANCIE, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1320a; S.1678; Potter I, die 2; Stewartby, p.261, first period, I), good fine/very fine, rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 54

Richard II, Groat, 4.34g, type II die2/type I (small m, Potter t1), London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, reads FRANCIE’, copula inverted Z, no extra pellets, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1320b/1320a; S.1679/1678; Potter II/I; Stewartby, p.261, first period, II/I), apparently overstruck on another coin, very fine, extremely rare

£1,000-1,200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, January 2011 St. James auction 7, 8 February 2008, lot 68

Richard II, Groat, 4.58g, type Ia/II(c)A mule, London, m.m. cross pattée, bust and lettering as on coins of Edward III, double saltire stops both sides, no pellet over crown, copula before FRANCIE, rev. new lettering, reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1320a/1320b; S.1678/1679; Potter Ia/II(c)A; Stewartby p.261, I/II), good fine/very fine, very rare

£800-1,000

Richard II, Groat, 4.57g, type II/type I (small m, Potter t1), London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, FRANCIE, copula inverted Z, no extra pellets, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1320b/1320a; S.1679/1678; Potter II/I; Stewartby, p.261, first period, II/I), legend weak at 7 o’clock, good fine, extremely rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 522 Baldwin auction, 17 May 1998, lot 432

www.spink.com

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57 57 (x1.5) 57

Richard II, Groat, 4.52g, type II, London, m.m. cross pattée, new lettering, double saltire stops both sides, FRANC’, copula inverted Z, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction mark above second N (N.1320b; S.1679; Potter IIb; Stewartby p.261, first period, II), very fine, very rare

£1,000-1,300

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1002 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1348 F.A. Walters, Sotheby, 26 May 1913, lot 203

Richard II, Groat, 3.77g, type II, London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, FRANC’, copula inverted Z, three pellets posed over crown, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction mark over second N (N.1320(b); S.1679; Potter IIa; Stewartby p.261, first period, II), clipped, fine, very rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 5, Autumn 1995, no.218 59

Richard II, Groat, 4.36g, type II, London, m.m. cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, FRANCIE’D, copula inverted Z with bar through, rev. reverse barred Ns, contraction bar above second N, MEV, double saltire stop before CIVI (N.1320b; S.1679; Potter /IIaB; Stewartby p.261, first period, II), legend weak at 7 o’clock, very fine, very rare

£1,000-1,200

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 519 60

Richard II, Groat, 4.36g, type II/III mule, London, m.m. cross pattée, single and double saltire stops, FRANC’, copula inverted Z, rev. inverted Ns, no contraction mark (N.1320b/1321a; S.1679/1680; Potter IIe/IIIaD, this coin; Stewartby p.261, second period, II/III), punch or drill mark on O of LON which has not pierced coin, conspicuous die flaws to left of bust, very fine, extremely rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 528 W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963

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61 61

Richard II, Groat, 4.37g, type III/II mule, London, m.m cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, DEI’ and FRANCIE, rev. reverse barred Ns, no contraction mark, MEV (N.1321a/1320b; S.1680/1679; Potter IIIb/IIb; Stewartby p.261, second period, III/II), scratches on both sides, about fine, very rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P Finn, May 1994 62

Richard II, Groat, 4.43g, type III, London, m.m cross pattée, double saltire stops both sides, sagging arch at bottom right of tressure, DEI’ and FRANCIE, rev. reverse barred Ns, no contraction mark, MEV (N.1321a; S.1680; Potter III, die b: Stewartby p.261, second period, III), legend weak at 11 o’clock, good very fine, very rare

£1,500-1,800

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, June 1996

63 (x1.5)

Richard II, Groat, 3.41g, type IV, London, m.m. cross pattée, new crown, no fleur on bottom cusp, crescent on breast, rev. reverse barred Ns, no contraction mark, MEV (N.1321b; S.1681; Potter IV-2 - plate XIX, 12, this coin; Stewartby p.261, second period, IV), large chip broken out between 5 and 6 o’clock, one of the great rarities of the hammered groat series, nearly very fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1993, item 7132 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963

www.spink.com

£2,500-3,500

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HENRY IV, 1399-1413 Light Coinage (1412-13) - no groats are known of the Heavy Coinage. Groats of this coinage have a nominal weight of 60 grains (3.89g).

64 64 (x1.5)

Henry IV (1399-1413), light coinage, 1412-13, Groat, 3.54g, mule with Richard II reverse, London, m.m cross pattée, obverse class I (PI) with altered die of Richard II, French title omitted, pellet to left and annulet to right of crown, rev. without slipped trefoil, reverse barred Ns (N.1358; S.1726/1681; Potter I/transitional die 1, die duplicate of pl. VIII, 1 in BNJ 1960; Stewartby p.323, PI/p.261, second period, IV), flan crack at 12 o’clock, nearly very fine, extremely rare

£4,500-5,500

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1992, item 169 F.A. Walters, Sotheby, 24-26 October 1932, lot 236

65 65 (x1.5) 65

Henry IV, light coinage, 1412-13, Groat, 3.89g, class II(a), (PII), London, m.m. cross pattée, legend ends FRANC, annulet to left and pellet to right of crown, ten arches to tressure, rev. slipped trefoil after POSVI, reverse barred Ns (N.1359a; S.1727; Potter 3, I-1; Stewartby p.323, PII), an unusually well struck full round coin, good very fine, extremely rare in this condition

£6,000-8,000

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 101, 24 November 1993, lot 90

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66 66 (x1.5) 66

Henry IV, light coinage, 1412-13, Groat, 3.93g, class II (b), (PIII), London, m.m cross pattée, slipped trefoil after FRANC, annulet to left and pellet to right of crown, nine arches to tressure, rev. reverse barred Ns (N.1359b; S.1728; Potter -; Stewartby p.323, PIII), struck on an irregular flan, weaknesses in legend, about fine, rare

£2,000-2,500

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 11, 1997, no.187 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink

HENRY IV OR V A group of coins combine obverses or reverses of Henry V with obverses and reverses of Henry IV. These are attributed here as Henry IV or V. The presence of these mules has led to much uncertainty as to where the line should be drawn between the coins of Henry IV and Henry V. The Primary issues (P), which, for the Groats, Potter divided into three groups (I to III) are unquestionably attributed to Henry IV dies. The Secondary series (Brooke A to H) is attributed by Brooke to Henry V. North and Spink follow this sequence. Potter lists the Secondary series under Henry V but, in his paper, acknowledges that the early varieties were issued under Henry IV, and Lord Stewartby, in his new book, English Coins, 1180-1551, pp.281-2 and 324, attributes the first two varieties, A and B, which are extensively muled with P, to Henry IV. It is generally thought that the coins from dies issued in Henry V’s reign began with the appearance of the mullet on the breast.

Henry IV or Henry V, Groat, 3.29g, mule Henry IV class III/Henry V class C, London, m.m. cross pattée/pierced cross, pellet to right of crown, slipped trefoil after FRANCIE, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, Lombardic Ns in LONDON (N.1359b/1387; S.1728/1764-6; Potter I, obverse die 1; Stewartby p.323, A), fine, very rare

£1,000-1,200

Henry IV or Henry V, Groat, 3.73g, mule Henry V class B/Henry IV PII, London, m.m cross pattée, ‘Scowling’ bust, quatrefoil after HENRIC, legend ends FRANC, no fleurs over crown or on breast, no mullet on breast, single saltire stops, rev. reverse barred Roman Ns in LONDON, waisted lettering and small M in MEV, double saltire stops (N.1386/1359; S.1762/1728; Potter Henry V, II (6)/Henry IV transitional I; Stewartby p.323, B/PII), fine, extremely rare

£1,200-1,400

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1688 www.spink.com

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69 (x1.5) 69

Henry IV or V, Groat, 3.75g, mule Henry V class A/Henry IV PI-III, London, m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, ‘emaciated’ bust with neck, quatrefoils after HENRIC and FRANC, fleurs over crown and at shoulders only, single saltire stops, rev. Roman reverse barred Ns in LONDON, quatrefoil after POSVI, single saltire stop after CIVI, before TAS and LON (N.1385/1359; S.1761; Potter I; Stewartby p.323, B1a/PI-III), mark on face, nearly very fine, very rare

£1,800-2,200

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1007

70 (x1.5) 70

Henry IV or Henry V, Groat, 3.32g, mule Henry V class Cb/Henry IV PI-III, London, m.m. cross pattée, ‘Frowning’ bust, no quatrefoil after HENRIC, legend ends FRANC’, mullet on right shoulder, saltire stops, rev. reverse barred Roman Ns in LONDON, lettering of Henry IV, double saltire stops (N.1387/1359; S.1765/1728; Potter Henry V, VII/Henry IV, transitional; Stewartby Cb/PI-III), fine, extremely rare

£1,000-1,200

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1008

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HENRY V, 1413-22 Coins of this reign continued to be struck at the weights introduced in 1412.

71 71 (x1.5) 71

Henry V (1413-22), Groat, 3.67g, class A, London, m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, ‘emaciated’ bust with neck, fleurs over crown and at shoulder only, FRANC’, single saltire after DI, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, double saltire stop after TAS and DON (N.1385; S.1759; Potter I, obverse die 1; Stewartby p.323, B1a), flan splits, flaw across forehead, very fine, rare PROVENANCE: SNC May 1996, item 2050 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink R.C. Lockett, Glendinng, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1391 F.A. Walters, Sotheby 24 October 1932

£1,000-1,200

72 72

Henry V, Groat, 3.52g, class B, London, m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, ‘Scowling’ bust, no mullet, no fleurs over crown, legend ends FRAN, double saltire stops, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, LONDOD (N.1386; S.1762; Potter III; Stewartby p.323, B1b), fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink, January 1996

£300-400

73 (x1.5) 73

www.spink.com

Henry V, Groat, 3.10g, class B, London, m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, double saltire stops, ‘Scowling’ bust type (B), no fleurs over crown, quatrefoil after FRANC’, rev. double saltire stop after DON and TAS (N.1386; S.1762; Potter III; Stewartby p.323, B2a), clipped, fine, rare PROVENANCE: SNC April 1993, item 1689

£500-600

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74 74

Henry V, Groat, 2.98g, contemporary copy of class B, ‘London,’ m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, ‘Scowling’ bust (see Numismatic Chronicle 1993, p.219, no.2, this coin), poor, unusual

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.221 SNC 1987, item 4401 Found, River Thames, 1886 75

Henry V, Groat, 3.33g, class B2b, London, m.m. cross pattée with central pellet, old dies with mullet added, ‘Scowling’ bust type B, mullet on breast cusp, no fleurs over crown, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, double saltire stops after TAS and DON (N.1386/1b; S.1762A; Potter V; Stewartby p.342, B2b), very fine, very rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Dupree collection, purchased by Spink 76

Henry V, Groat, 3.76g, class Ca, type 2, London, m.m. pierced cross with central pellet/pierced cross without pellet, ‘Frowning’ bust, mullet on right shoulder, no fleurs over crown, legend ends FRANC, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, double saltire stops after TAS and DON (N.1387b; S.1765; Potter VII; Stewartby p.323, Ca), flaw on face, very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 102

77 77 (x1.5)

Henry V, Groat, 3.75g, class Cb, London, m.m. pierced cross with central pellet/pierced cross without central pellet, ‘Frowning’ bust, mullet on right shoulder, no fleurs over crown, no quatrefoil after HENRIC’, legend ends FRANC’, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, double saltire stop after DON and TAS (N.1387b; S.1765; Potter VII; Stewartby p.324, Cb), some time polished, good very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 1991

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78 78 (x1.5) 78

Henry V, Groat, 3.58g, class G, London, m.m. cross with sunk centre, ‘Frowning’ bust, no fleurs over crown, no mullet on breast, legend ends FRANC, rev. quatrefoil after POSVI, double saltire stop after DON and TAS (N.1388; S.1767; Potter IX; Stewartby p.324, G), good fine, very rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

HENRY VI, FIRST REIGN, 1422-61 Annulet Issue, 1422-30

79 79

Henry VI (first reign, 1422-61), annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.83g, London, m.m. crosses I/I, letters N2, F1, P1, fleur on breast, ANGLIE, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles (N.1423; S.1835; Whitton 1; Stewartby p.324, Ia), a little weak on head, very fine

£100-120

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate Hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 193 (part) 80

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.51g, London, m.m. crosses II/II, letters N4, F1, P2, no fleur on breast, ANGLIE, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles (N.1423; S.1835; Whitton 6; Stewartby p.324, Ib2), slightly double struck on obverse, reverse a little scuffed, nearly very fine

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.225 81

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.64g, London, m.m. crosses II/II, fleurs on all cusps including on breast, none over crown, rev. annulet added in second and third angles (N.1423; S.1835; Whitton 4; Stewartby p.324, Iba), very fine ANGLIE’,

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 18 June 2009, lot 5

www.spink.com

£100-120

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82 82

Henry VI, contemporary forgery of an annulet issue Groat, 3.01g, London, m.m. pierced cross/pierced cross, annulets by neck, annulet between E and X in REX, rev. annulet added in second and third angles, leaf or pinecone after TAS, irregular style, base, a curious coin, about very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 83

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.80g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/II, annulets by neck, no fleur on breast or on cusps above crown, letter styles N4, F2, P2, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles, VILLI CALISIE (N.1424; S.1836; Whitton 11/-; Stewartby p.324, I), very fine, rare

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4280 84

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.86g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/II, annulets by neck, letter styles N4, F2, P2, no fleur on breast or on cusps above crown, ANGL, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles (N.1424; S.1836; Whitton 12(a); Stewartby p.324, I), edge lightly chipped at 10 o’clock, good very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Spink auction 38, 10-11 October 1984, lot 259 Glendining, 18 June 1975, lot 7

85 85 (x1.5)

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.78g, York, m.m. crosses II/II, lis by neck, fleur on breast, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles, letter styles N4, P2, F1, annulet after EBORACI (N.1425; S.1838; Whitton 4a; Stewartby p.324, Ib1), a little buckled, fine, very rare

£1,000-1,500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 247

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86 86

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.84g, London, m m. crosses II/II, new smiling bust, nothing on breast, by neck, or by crown, letter styles N4, F2, P2, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles (N.1426; S.1835; Whitton 12a; Stewartby p.324, Ib3), good fine

£60-80

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 200 (part) 87

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.72g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/V, new smiling bust, annulets by neck, nothing on breast, rev. annulet added in fourth angle only, trefoil after POSVI (N.1427; S.1836; Whitton 12a; Stewartby p.324, Ib3), very fine

£100-120

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 240 (part) 88

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat 3.69g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/II, annulets by neck, nothing on breast, trefoil to left of crown, rev. trefoil after POSVI, annulet added in fourth angle only (N.1427; S.1836; Whitton 14: Stewartby p.324, Ib3/Id), very fine, very rare

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1991, item 1863

89 89 (x1.5)

Henry VI, first reign, annulet issue, 1422-30, Groat, 3.49g, Calais/London mule, m.m. crosses II/II, no fleur on breast, annulets by neck, ANGLIE, letter styles N4, F1, P2, rev. annulet added in second and fourth angles, annulet after POSVI (N.1427/1423; S.1835/1836; Whitton 5/5?; Stewartby p.324, Ib2), very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 246 The description of the above coin as a Calais/London mule depends on the presence of annulets beside the neck, this being an attribute of Calais coins only. London coins of this issue have nothing by the neck (see Whitton, BNJ XXIII, 1938-41, p.69). According to Lord Stewartby these coins were struck at Calais.

www.spink.com

£1,200-1,500

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90 90

Henry VI, first reign, mule of annulet and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.82g, London, m.m. crosses II(b)/V, fleurs type (c), copula Z, lis on cusps except over head and on breast, rev. mascle before LON, rosette after DON, CIVI over CALI (N.1423/1445; S.1835/1858; Whitton 12b though he does not record CIVI over CALI; Stewartby p.235), dark tone, good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

CNG Coin Shop 2011 Ivan Buck, Spink Auction, 30 November 2005, lot 141 The above coin provides evidence to support the case for dies for the Calais mint having been produced in London at this period 91

Henry VI, first reign, mule of annulet and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.76g, London, m.m. crosses II/V, no fleur on breast and no marks by bust, rev. mascle before LON and rosette after DON (N.1423/1445; S.1835/1858; Whitton 13e; Stewartby p.324, Ib/p.325, II), good very fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 174 92

Henry VI, first reign, mule of annulet and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.73g, London, m.m. crosses II/V, no fleur on cusp at breast and no marks by bust, rev. mascle before LON and rosette after DON (N.1426/1445; S.1835/1858; Whitton 13c; Stewartby p.324, IIb3/IIa), fine

£100-150

PROVENANCE:

M. Rasmussen, list 19, 2010, no.70 Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 346

93 93

Henry VI, first reign, mule of annulet and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.66g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/V, annulets by neck, no lis on breast, rev. rosette after POSVI and CALI/SIE (N.1424/1446; S.1836/1859; Whitton 12b; Stewartby p.324, Ib/p.325, II), toned, good very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 98, 16 June 1993, lot 322 (part) 94

Henry VI, first reign, mule of annulet and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.49g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/V, annulets by neck, rev. rosette after POSVI and CALI/SIE (N.1427/1446; S.1836/1859; Whitton 12b; Stewartby p.324, Ib/p.325, II), double struck on face, good very fine/very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 106 Page 39

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

Rosette-Mascle Issue, 1430-31

95 95

Henry VI, first reign, rosette-mascle issue, 1430-31, Groat, 3.83g, London, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, rosette stops, mascle after REX, rev. rosette after POSVI and DON, mascle before LON (N.1445; S.1874; Whitton 17d; Stewartby p.325, IIa3), very fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 267 (part) Henry VI, first reign, rosette-mascle issue, 1430-31, Groat, 3.66g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/V, mascles in two spandrels, no fleur on breast, saltire stops, rev. mascle before LA, rosette after POSVI and SIE (N.1446; S.1860; Whitton 15b; Stewartby IIa2), a little buckled, good fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 J. Shirley-Fox collection (with old ticket annotated ‘No.VI, 971/0’) Henry VI, first reign, rosette-mascle issue, 1430-31, Groat, 3.78g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, rosette punctuation on obverse, mascle after REX, rev. rosette after CALI/SIE, mascle before LA (N.1446; S.1859; Whitton 24b; Stewartby p.325), toned, very fine, rare

£130-150

£180-220

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4283

98 98

100

www.spink.com

100

Henry VI, first reign, rosette-mascle issue, 1430-31, Groat, 3.77g, Calais, m.m. crosses II/II, mascles in two spandrels, rev. rosette after POSVI and CALI/SIE (N.1446; S.1860; Whitton 16a; Stewartby p.325, IIa2), nearly very fine/very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 269 (part)

£100-120

Henry VI, first reign, mule of pinecone-mascle and annulet issues, Groat, 3.87g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/II, pinecone after HENRIC’, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. additional annulet in second and fourth angles (N.1461/1424 or 1427; S.1875/1836; Whitton 28a; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/I), a little off-centre, very fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink, September 1995

£180-220

Henry VI, first reign, mule of rosette-mascle and pinecone-mascle issues, Groat, 3.87g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/II, rosette stops on obverse, mascle after REX, rev. rosette after POSVI, mascle before LA, and pinecone after CALI/SIE (N.1446/1461; S.1859/1875; Whitton 26e; Stewartby p.325, IIb/III), very fine PROVENANCE: SNC December 1990, item 7609

£130-150

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101 101

102

Henry VI, first reign, mule of rosette-mascle and pinecone-mascle issues, Groat, 3.82g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, obverse with rosette punctuation, mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and DON, first I in CIVI overstruck on V (N.1445/1460; S.1858/1874; Whitton 17a/variety without mascle before LON; Stewartby p.325, II/III), lightly toned, good very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4284 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1454 (part) 102

Henry VI, first reign, mule of rosette-mascle and pinecone-mascle issues, Groat, 3.70g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, rosette after GRA and ANGL’ and mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and CALI/SIE and mascle before LA (N.1446/1461; S.1859/1875; Whitton 26e; Stewartby p.325, IIb/III), very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 296 (part)

Pinecone-Mascle Issue, 1431-32/3

103 103

104

Henry VI, first reign, mule of pinecone-mascle and rosette-mascle issues, Groat, 3.82g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, pinecone after HENRIC’, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. rosette after POSVI and CALI/SIE and mascle before LA (N.1461/1446; S.1875/1859; Whitton 28a; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/II), good very fine, scarce

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 196, 24-25 September 2008, lot 832 104

Henry VI, first reign, pinecone-mascle issue, 1431-32/3, Groat, 3.83g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, pinecone after HENRIC, DI, and GRA, rev. pinecone after POSVI and DON, mascle before LON (N.1460; S.1874; Whitton 19a; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/IIIb), toned, good very fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1991, item 8019

Page 41

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

105 105

106

Henry VI, first reign, pinecone-mascle issue, 1431-32/3, Groat, 3.77g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, pinecone after HENRIC, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and CALI/SIE, mascle before LA, I in VILLA over L (N.1461; S.1875; Whitton 28g; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/IIIb), good very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 309 (part) 106

Henry VI, first reign, pinecone-mascle issue, 1431-32/3, Groat, 3.82g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIa/V, pinecone after HENRIC’, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and CALI/SIE, mascle before LA (N.1461; S.1875; Whitton 28/29; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/IIIb), toned in places, good very fine

£150-180

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4285

107 107

108

Henry VI, first reign, pinecone-mascle issue, 1431-32/3, Groat, 3.73g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, HENIC, pinecone after HENIC, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and CALI/SIE, mascle before LA (N.1461; S.1875; Whitton 29; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/IIIb), very fine

£100-120

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1702 108

Henry VI, first reign, pinecone-mascle issue, 1431-32/3, Groat, 3.78g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, pinecone after HENRIC, DI, and GRA, mascle after REX, rev. pinecone after POSVI and CALI/SIE, mascle before LA (N.1461; S.1875; Whitton 30b; Stewartby p.325, IIIa/IIIb), toned, double struck on obverse legend and weak on face, good fine

£60-80

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.175

109 109

www.spink.com

Henry VI, first reign, mule of pinecone-mascle and leaf-mascle issues, Groat, 3.49g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/IVb, no trefoils at neck or above bust, mascle after REX, pinecone before REX and GRA, rev. leaf under second M of MEVM, mascle before LA of VILLA (N.1461/1475; S.1875/1890; Whitton 30d; Stewartby p.325, IIIb/IV), very fine, rare

£300-400

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Leaf-Mascle Issue, 1432-33/6

110 (x1.5) 110 110

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-mascle issue, 1432-33/6, Groat, 3.72g, London, m.m. cross IV/cross V, leaf in spandrel below bust, mascle after REX, rev. DON/DON for LON/DON, mascle before the first D, leaf under last M of MEVM, TAS struck over LON (?) (N.1474; S.1888; Whitton 20b Stewartby p.325, IVa), very fine, rare

£700-900

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 18 June 2009, lot 35

111 111

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-mascle issue, 1432-33/6, Groat, 3.73g, Calais, m.m. crosses V/V, leaf on breast, mascle after REX, rev. mascle before LA (N.1475; S.1890; Whitton 32c; Stewartby p.325, IVb), good very fine

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 108, 7 March 1995, lot 530

112 112

Henry VI, first reign, mule of leaf-mascle and leaf-trefoil issues, Groat, 3.87g, London, m.m. crosses IV/IIIb, leaf in spandrel on breast, mascle after REX, rev. PCSVI and SIVI.TAS errors, trefoil after DEVM (N.1474/1484; S.1888/1897; Whitton 20d var.; Stewartby p.325, IVa/Vb), pleasing, good very fine, rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 322 Page 43

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

113 113

114

Henry VI, first reign, mule of leaf-mascle and leaf-trefoil issues, Groat, 3.62g, London, m.m. crosses IV/IIIb, leaf in spandrel on breast, mascle after REX, rev. trefoil after MEVM and TAS (N.1474/1484; S.1888/1897; Whitton 20e; Stewartby p.325, IVa/Va), obverse scuffs, very fine, rare

£350-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 177 114

Henry VI, first reign, mule of leaf-mascle and trefoil issues, Groat, 3.79g, London, m.m. crosses IV/V, leaf in spandrel below bust, mascle after REX, rev. saltire stops, no other symbols (N.1475; S.1889; Whitton 20c; Stewartby p.325, IV/Vi), very fine, rare

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 178 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 R.C. Lockett, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1463 (part)

Leaf-Trefoil Issue, 1436-38

115

116

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-trefoil issue, 1436-38, Groat, 3.81g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, leaf on breast, leaf after HENRIC, DI, and GRA, trefoil after REX, rev. leaf before LON and trefoil after DON (N.1484; S.1897; Whitton 22d; Stewartby p.325,Va/ii), very fine, rare

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4286 116

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-trefoil issue, 1436-38, Groat, 3.51g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, no leaf on breast, leaf after HENRIC, DI, and GRA, trefoil after REX, S in TAS recut, rev. leaf before LON and trefoil after DON (N.1484; S.1898; Whitton 26a; Stewartby p.325, Vb/ii), good very fine, rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Reigate hoard, Glendining, 8 December 1992, lot 329 (part)

www.spink.com

£200-300

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Trefoil Issue, 1438-43

117 117

118

119

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.92g, class A, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, leaf on breast and trefoils by neck, trefoil after REX, rev. no symbols (N.1496; S.1908; Whitton, possibly 29a/32c but the relevant parts of the legend are not clear; Stewartby p.325, Via/i), very fine, rare

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, November 1994, lot 114 118

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.73g, class B/A mule, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, no leaf on breast, trefoils by neck, fleurs on side cusps only, rev. trefoil after LON (N.1498/1496; S.1910; Whitton 36a/34 var.; Stewartby p.325,VIb/ii), very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 F.A. Walters, Sotheby, 24 October 1932, lot 296 (part) 119

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.72g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/V, leaf on breast, trefoils by neck, fleurs on side cusps only, rev. leaf before LON, trefoil after DON (N.1496; S.1908; Whitton 36b; Stewartby p.325, VIb/ii), pleasing, good very fine, about as struck

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 108, 7 March 1995, lot 532

120 120

121

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.90g, class C, London, m.m. IIIb/none, leaf on breast and trefoils by neck, small trefoils on shoulders, FRAN., rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1499; S.1910; Whitton (C) - different dies; Stewartby p.325, VIb/iv), small crack in flan, a little double struck, good very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 180 M. Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 139 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 121

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.81g, class C, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on breast, trefoils in place of fleurs on cusps at shoulders, FRANE, rev. additional pellet first and third angles (N.1499; S.1910; Whitton 37h; Stewartby p.325, Vic/iv), very fine, rare

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

R.C. Lockett, Glendining 11-17 October 1956, lot 1471 (part) Page 45

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

122 122

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.98g, London, class C, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on breast, trefoils in place of fleurs on cusps at shoulders, no added pellets in angles, trefoil after REX., FRANE, rev. A/DIVTOR/.EMEVM (N.1499; S.1910; Whitton 37e; Stewartby VIc/iii), toned, pleasing, good very fine

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4287

123 123

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil issue, 1438-43, Groat, 3.54g, Calais, m.m. crosses IIIb/IIIb, leaf on breast, trefoils by neck, fleurs on shoulder and side cusps, trefoil after DO and GRA, rev. trefoil after LA, A/DIVTOR, (without an E) (N.1497; S.1911; Whitton 37a/-; Stewartby p.325, Via/i), very fine, rare

£700-900

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, 1991

Trefoil-Pellet Issue, 1443-45

124 124

Henry VI, first reign, trefoil-pellet issue, 1443-45, Groat. 3.77g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, trefoils by neck, pellets by crown, apparently nothing on breast, trefoil after REX, rev. pellet in reverse legend, A/DIVTOR/.EMEVM (N.1501; S.1913; Whitton 38k; Stewartby VII?/iii), minor edge fault at 4 o’clock, toned, good very fine PROVENANCE:

L.A. Lawrence, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 613 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

www.spink.com

£400-500

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Leaf-Pellet Issue, 1445-54

125

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.91g, class A, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, pellets by crown, leaf on breast, ANGL, FRANCIE, rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1503; S.1914; Whitton 41b; Stewartby p.326, VIIIa), edge split at 9 o’clock, very fine

£140-180

PROVENANCE:

L.A. Lawrence, Glendining, 7-8 June 1972, lot 1187 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

126 126 (x1.5) 126

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.52g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIB/none, leaf on breast, traces of fleur beneath, pellet each side of crown, trefoil after ANGLI, rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1504, S.1916; Whitton 44; Stewartby p.326, VIII), good very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Spink, Auction 202, 25 March 2010, lot 39

127

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.73g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on breast above small fleur on bottom cusp, ANGLI, FRANC, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1504; S.1915; Whitton 49a; Stewartby p.326, VIIIb), good very fine

£250-280

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 116 Page 47

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

128 128

129

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.84g, class C, London, m.m. cross IIIb/none, pellets by crown, leaf on breast, DI GRA, ANGL and FRANC, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1505; S.1914; Whitton 42b; Stewartby p.326, VIIIa), very fine

£140-180

PROVENANCE:

M. Rasmussen, 2010, list 19, no.72 Ivan Buck, Spink auction 176, 30 November 2005, lot 244 (part) 129

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.83g, class C, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on neck above lis on cusp, ANGLI, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1505; S.1915; Whitton 61a var. of stops; Stewartby p.326, VIIIc), lightly toned, good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Dr E.C. Carter collection, purchased by Baldwin, 1950 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

130 130

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.83g, class C, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on neck, pellets by crown, trefoil after GRA, ANGLI, rev. no additional pellets, I in CIVI recut (N.1505; S.1917; Whitton VIIIc, var 61c; Stewartby, p.326, VIIIc VIIIc), very fine, rare

£150-180

131 131 (x1.5) 131

Henry VI, first reign, leaf-pellet issue, 1445-54, Groat, 3.82g, class D, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, leaf on neck above lis on bottom cusp, pellets by crown and by hair, ANGLI, no trefoil in obverse legend, rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1506; S.1918; Whitton 64; Stewartby p.326, VIIIc), very fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1707 www.spink.com

£500-600

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October 6, 2011 - London

Unmarked Issue, 1453-54

132

132 (x1.5)

132

Henry VI, first reign, unmarked issue, 1453-54, Groat, 3.83g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, no leaf or fleur at breast, no marks in obverse field, rev. additional pellet in all four angles (N.1514; S.1932; Whitton 65b; Stewartby p.326, IX), toned, virtually as struck, extremely fine, extremely rare, possibly the finest known of this rare issue

ÂŁ2,500-3,500

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1993, item 7861 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1479 (part) F.A. Walters, Sotheby, 26-30 May 1913, lot 363

Page 49

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

133 133 (x1.5) 133

Henry VI, first reign, unmarked issue, 1453-54, Groat, 3.72g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, no leaf or fleur at breast, no marks in obverse field, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1514; S.1932; Whitton 65d; Stewartby p.326, IX), nearly very fine, extremely rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 2010, item HS4107

Cross-Pellet Issue, 1454-60

134 134

Henry VI, first reign, cross-pellet issue, 1454-60, Groat, 3.73g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, saltire on neck, pellets by crown, mullet after HENRIC’, no fleur on breast cusp, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1517; S.1935; Whitton 68; Stewartby p.326, Xbii), uneven edge, very fine, scarce

£220-280

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 118

135 135 (x1.5) 135

Henry VI, first reign, cross-pellet issue, 1454-60, Groat, 3.81g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, saltire on neck, pellets by crown, mullet after HENRIC’, fleur on bottom cusp, rev. mullet after POSVI, additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1517; S.1935; Whitton 72a; Stewartby p.326, Xb), pleasing, good very fine, scarce PROVENANCE:

P. Woodhead collection, portion purchased by Spink, 1990 Dr E.C. Carter collection, purchased by Baldwin, 1950 www.spink.com

£300-400

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136 136

Henry VI, first reign, cross-pellet issue, 1454-60, Groat, 3.63g, class B, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, saltire on neck, pellets by crown, mullet after FRANC, rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1517; S.1935; Whitton 74; Stewartby p.326, Xbii), about very fine, scarce

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

137 137

Henry VI, first reign, cross-pellet issue, 1454-60, Groat, 3.35g, class C, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, saltire on neck, pellets by crown, fleur on bottom cusp, mascle after HENRIC, rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1518; S.1936; Whitton 81d; Stewartby p.326,c), good very fine, scarce

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1992, item 176

Lis-Pellet Issue, 1456-61

138 138 (x1.5)

138

Henry VI, first reign, lis-pellet issue, 1456-61, Groat, 3.90g, London, m.m. crosses IIIb/none, lis on neck, pellets by crown, no fleur on bottom cusp, star after HENRIC, rev. star after POSVI, additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1526 var.; S.1945 var.; Whitton -, this coin is similar to a coin from the cross-pellet issue, for example Whitton 72e, but the symbol on the neck is certainly a lis; Stewartby p.326, XI), pleasing, good very fine, very rare

£700-900

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Page 51

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

EDWARD IV, FIRST REIGN, 1461-70 Heavy Coinage (1461-64), continued at the previous weight of 60 grains (= 3.89g). The Light Coinage, from 1464, reduced the weight of the groat to 48 grains (= 3.11g).

Heavy Coinage, 1461-64

139 139 (x1.5)

139

Edward IV (first reign, 1461-70), heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.87g, group I, London, m.m. cross fleury/plain cross, lis on neck, fleur on bottom cusp, pellets by crown, FRAN., rev. additional pellet in first and third angles (N.1529; S.1969; Blunt and Whitton type Ia (ii)/I? (iii); Stewartby p.327, Ia), very fine, scarce

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC July/August 1991, item 4952

140

141

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 4.02g, group I, London mint, m.m. cross fleury/lis, lis on neck, fleur on bottom cusp, pellets by crown, FRANC., rev. additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1529; S.1969; Blunt and Whitton type Ia (i)/I? (ii); Stewartby p.327, Ib), very fine, scarce

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.184 141

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.63g, group 1, London, m.m. plain cross both sides, pellets by crown, fleur on breast arch, lis on neck, DEI, ANGL, omits copula, mascle at end of obverse legend, no stops, rev. additional pellet in first and third angles, no stops (N.1529; S.1969; Blunt and Whitton Ib(iv)/B(iv), pl.I, 2, same dies; Stewartby p.327, Ib), very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. CNG web sale, July 2010

www.spink.com

£300-400

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142 142

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.80g, group I, London, m.m. plain cross/none, nothing on neck, fleur on bottom cusp, pellets by crown, reads ANGLI FRANC., rev. saltire before POSVI, additional pellet in second and fourth angles (N.1530; S.1971; Blunt and Whitton type Ic (ii)/I? (ii); Stewartby p.327, Ic), toned, good very fine, scarce

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

M. Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 159

143 143 (x1.5) 143

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.99g, mule of groups I and II, London, m.m. cross fleury/rose, lis on neck, fleur on bottom cusp, pellets by crown, D over W in EDWARD, FRANC., rev. no additional pellets (N.1529/1531; S.1969/1972; Blunt and Whitton type Ia (i)/II (v); Stewartby p.327, Ia/II), lightly toned, a pleasing example, good very fine, scarce

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 185 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink

144 144

144 (x1.5)

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.73g, group II, London, m.m. rose/rose, annulet to left of obverse m.m., crescent on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. double saltire stops (N.1531; S.1972; Blunt and Whitton type II (vi)/II (v); Stewartby p.327, II), good very fine, scarce

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Page 53

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

145 145

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.89g, group II, London, m.m. two roses/rose, crescent on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. single saltire stops (N.1531; S.1972; Blunt and Whitton type II, ix/II, vii; Stewartby p.327, II), lightly toned, irregular flan, good very fine, extremely rare

£600-700

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1996, no.206 F. A. Walters, Sotheby, May 26-30, 1913, lot 392 (part) Stamford, Lincs, find October 22 1866

146 146

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.79g, mule of group II and group III, London, m.m. rose/rose, crescent on breast, quatrefoils by neck, single saltire stops, rev. eye before LON (N.1531/1532; S.1972/1974; Blunt and Whitton type II (i)/III (b); Stewartby II/III), good very fine, scarce

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1993, item 7863 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 26-27 April 1960, lot 4025 (part)

147 147

148

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.91g, group III, London, m.m. rose/rose, nothing on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. eye after TAS, two saltires after LON (N.1532; S.1974; Blunt and Whitton type IIId (v), var./IIId; Stewartby p.327, III), good very fine, scarce

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1993, item 7863 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 26-27 April 1960, lot 4025 (part) 148

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.98g, group III, London, m.m. rose/rose, small trefoil on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. eye after TAS, no saltires after or before LON or DON (N.1532; S.1974; Blunt and Whitton type IIId/IIId; Stewartby p.327, III), very fine, scarce PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink www.spink.com

£250-350

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149 149

150

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.82g, group III, London, m.m. rose/rose, small trefoil on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. eye after TAS, two saltires after DON (N.1532; S.1974; Blunt and Whitton type IIId/IIId; Stewartby p.327,III), good very fine, scarce

£450-550

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink CNG auction, 7 December 1994, lot 601 150

Edward IV, first reign, heavy coinage, 1461-64, Groat, 3.94g, group IV, London, m.m. rose/rose, fleur on breast at arch of tressure, annulets by neck, ANGL’ FRANC’, rev. eye after TAS, two saltires after LON (N.1533; S.1977; Blunt and Whitton type IV (ii)/IV (i); Stewartby p.327, IV), irregular flan, good very fine, scarce

£1,000-1,500

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1990, item 5976 R. Carlyon-Britton, Sotheby, 17 October 1921, lot 111 (part)

Light Coinage, 1464-70

151 151

152

153

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.91g, group V, struck from heavy coinage dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, annulets by neck, no fleur on breast cusps, FRAN’, rev. eye after TAS, no stops (N.1562; S.1995; Blunt and Whitton Va2; Stewartby p.430, Va(i) from heavy coinage dies of Group IV), very fine, scarce

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 152

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.64g, group V, struck from heavy coinage dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, nothing on neck or breast, annulets by neck, FRANCI, rev. additonal pellet in first angle, no eye in legend (N.1562/1567; S.1995/2000; Blunt and Whitton type Va,3/Vc; Stewartby p.430, Va(i) from heavy coinage dies of Group IV), very fine, rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 603 153

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.99g, group V struck from heavy coinage dies, London, m.m. rose/none, annulets by neck, no fleur on bottom cusp, large letters, no stops, FRANC., rev. eye after DON (N.1562; S.1995; Blunt and Whitton Va3; this coin - NC 1909, p.184, 1 and pl. X, 13; Stewartby p.430, Va(i) from heavy coinage dies of Group IV), very fine, very rare

£250-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1992, item 1847 Page 55

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154 154

155

156

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.01g, a mule, group V struck from heavy coinage dies of group III/group Vc, London, m.m. rose/rose, small trefoil on breast in place of a fleur on the bottom cusp, quatrefoils by neck, rev. additional pellet in second angle, no eye (N.1565/1567; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vb/Vc6; Stewartby p.430, Vb(ii)/Vc), struck on a rather small flan, very fine, extremely rare

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 606 155

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.89g, group V, new dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, annulets by bust, fleur on breast, no stops either side, rev. eye after TAS (N.1573; S.1996; Blunt and Whitton Va5; Stewartby p.430, Va(ii)), obverse a little off-centre, good very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, July 1995 156

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.01g, group V, new dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, annulets by bust, no fleur on breast, no stops on obverse, FRANCI., rev. eye after TAS, with saltire stops (N.1563; S.1996; Blunt and Whitton Va3; Stewartby p.430, Va(ii)), very fine, scarce

£280-330

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, July 1995

157 157

158

159

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.04g, group V, new dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, small trefoil on breast in place of fleur on the cusp of the tressure, quatrefoils by neck, rev. eye after TAS (N.1565/1567; S.1998; Blunt and Whitton Vb1; Stewartby p.430, Vc), a small piece broken out of the flan at 3 o’clock, very fine, scarce

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1013 158

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.93g, group V, new dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, fleur on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. eye after TAS (N.1565; S.1998; Blunt and Whitton Vb; Stewartby p.430, Vc), very fine, scarce

£220-280

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, December 1996, no.173 159

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.99g, group V, new dies, London, m.m. rose/rose, small trefoils on the cusps including the one at the breast, none above crown, quatrefoils by neck, rev. additional pellet in third angle, no eye (N.1567; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vc; Stewartby p.430, Vb), good very fine, scarce PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1991, item 1870 www.spink.com

£200-250

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160 160 (x1.5) 160

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.88g, Group V, London, m.m. rose, quatrefoil by neck, EWARD, fleurs on cusps, none above crown, rev. additional pellet in second angle (N.1568; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton type Vd; Stewartby p.431, Vd), good fine, rare

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, January 2011

161 161

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.02g, type Vd, London, m.m. rose/rose, quatrefoil to left and rose to right of neck, fleurs on all cusps except those over crown, rev. additional pellet in third angle, letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1568 var.; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vd var.; Stewartby p.430, Vd var.), an unpublished variety, very fine

£200-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1997, item 4973

162 162

163

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.12g, type Vd, London, m.m. rose/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, rev. additional pellet in second angle, letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1568; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vd; Stewartby p.430, Vd), very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1015 163

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.85g, type Vd, London, m.m. rose/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, rev. additional pellet in second angle, letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1568; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vd; Stewartby p.430, Vd), very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, September 1995 Page 57

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164

165 (detail)

165

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.74g, type Vd, London, m.m. rose/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, rev. additional pellet in third angle, letter style P3 in POSVI, A/DIVTO/E (N.1568 var.; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton Vd, variety; Stewartby p.430, Vd), split in flan at 5 o’clock, good fine

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 5, Autumn 1995, no.257 165

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.11g, a mule of types Vd and VI, London, m.m. rose/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, fleur on breast struck over E (York die altered for use at London), letter style R2 both sides, rev. letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1568/1569; S.2000/2001; Blunt and Whitton Vd/VI, var.3; Stewartby p.431, Vd (cf. D. Walker, SNC May 1985, p.117), very fine, very rare

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 108, 7 March 1995, lot 535

166 (detail)

166

167

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.06g, a mule of types Vd and VI, London, m.m. rose/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, the fleur on the breast struck over E (the same obverse die as the last coin), rev. letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1568/1569; S.2000/2001; Blunt and Whitton Vd/VI, var.3; Stewartby p.431, Vd (cf. D. Walker, SNC May 1985, p.117), severely clipped, fine, scarce

£100-150

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.190 M. Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 190 (part) 167

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.52g, a mule of types VI and Vd, London, m.m. sun/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, saltire stops both sides, FRANC. rev. letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1569/1568; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton VI/Vd var.2; Stewartby p.431, VI/Vd), a little clipped, very fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, December 1994 L.A. Lawrence, sale iv, Glendining, 14 March 1951, lot 1197

www.spink.com

£120-160

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168 168

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.96g, a mule of types VI and V, Coventry, m.m. sun/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, C on breast, reads FRANC. rev. CIVI/TAS/COVE’/TRE (N.1581; S.2008; Blunt and Whitton VI/V; Stewartby p.431, VI/Vd), fine, rare

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin

169 169 (x1.5) 169

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.79g, a mule of types VI and V, Norwich, m.m. sun/rose, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, N on breast, FRANC., rev. CIVI/TAS/NOR/WIC’ (N.1582; S.2011; Blunt and Whitton VI/V; Stewartby p.431, VI/Vd), a good example of the Norwich issues, good very fine, rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Winter/Spring 1994/5, no.184 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 4-6 November 1958, lot 3150 (part)

170 170

171

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.75g, type VI, London, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, rev. letter style P3 in POSVI and lis after TAS (N.1569; S. 2000; Blunt and Whitton VI, var.2; Stewartby p.431, VI), about very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1019 171

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.77g, type VI, London, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, rev. letter style P3 in POSVI, nothing after TAS (N.1569; S. 2000; Blunt and Whitton VI, var.1; Stewartby p.431, VI) a little off-centre, very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.185 Page 59

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172

173

174

Edward IV, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.95g, type VI(a), Bristol, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, B on breast, saltire after FRANC, rev. VIL/LAB/RES/TOLL, saltire after VILLA (N.1580; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VI(a); Stewartby p.431, VI), weak in legend at left, otherwise good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1993, item 7865 173

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.91g, type VI, Coventry, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, C on breast, FRANC’, saltire stops on obverse, rev. CIVI/TAS/COVE’/TRE (N.1581; S.2008; Blunt and Whitton VI, 2; Stewartby p.431, VI), very fine

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, December 1994 174

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.78g, type VI, Norwich, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, N on breast, FRANC., rev. CIVI/TAS/NOR/WIC (N.1582; S.2011; Blunt and Whitton VI, var.1; Stewartby p.431, VI), fine

£100-120

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1023

175 175 (x1.5)

175

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.95g, type VI, York, m.m. sun/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, E on breast, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VI; Stewartby p.431, VI), slight double-striking on obverse, otherwise, toned, good very fine PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1990, item 3421

www.spink.com

£200-250

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176 176 (x1.5) 176

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.78g, a mule of types VII and VI, London, m.m. crown/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, FRANC., saltire stops on both sides (N.1570/1569; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton VII, var.1/VI, var.1 Stewartby p.431, VIIa/VI), an attractive example, good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 4, Spring 1995, no.320

177 177 (x1.5) 177

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.78g, types VII/VI, a mule of Bristol and London dies, m.m. crown/sun, B on breast, quatrefoils by neck, rev. CIVI/TAS/LON/DON (N.1580/1569 or 1571; S.2004/2000; Blunt and Whitton VII/VI; Stewartby p.431, VIIa/VI), a little clipped, very fine, very rare

£250-350

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, February 2010

178 178

179 (detail) 179

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.97g, type VII, London, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, saltire stops on both sides, FRANC., rev. letter style P3 in POSVI (N.1570; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton VII, var.1; Stewartby p.431, VIIa), very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1021 179

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.29g, type VIIa, Bristol, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, B over E on breast, rev. VIL/LA B/RIS/TOW (N.1580; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VIIa, var.3; Stewartby p.431, VIIa), good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1994, item 4128 Page 61

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180 180 (x1.5) 180

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.11g, type VIIa, Bristol, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown and at neck, B on breast, FRANC., no stops on obverse, rev. VIL/LA B/RIS/TOW, saltire after VILLA (N.1580; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VIIa; Stewartby p.431, VIIa), very fine

£200-240

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Norweb collection, with Norweb packet

181 181

182

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage 1464-70, Groat, 3.07g, type VII, Bristol, quatrefoils by neck, B on breast, fleurs on cusps, none above crown, rev. VIL/LA B/RIS/TOLL (N.1580; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VIIa), lightly toned, about very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 17 March 2010, lot 282 182

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.06g, type VIIa, Bristol, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, B on breast, pellet stops on obverse, rev. VIL/LA B/RIS/TOLL (N.1584; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VIIa, obverse var.1, reverse var.2; Stewartby p.431, VIIa;), very fine, rare

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

183 183

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.93g, type VIIa, York, m.m. lis/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, E on breast, saltire stops both sides, rev. CIV/ITAS/EBO/RACI (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VII(a); Stewartby p.431, VIIa), very fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 www.spink.com

£150-200

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184 184

185

185 (detail)

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.66g, type VII(b), Bristol, m.m. crown/crown (?), quatrefoils by neck, small trefoils on cusps except over head, B on breast, FRANC., rev. VIL/LA B/RES/TOLL, saltire after VILLA (N.1580; S.2004; Blunt and Whitton VIIb; Stewartby p.431, VIIb), good fine

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1996, item 2055 185

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.92g, type VIIb, York, m.m. lis/lis over crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, no E on breast, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI, RACI struck over TAS (N.1583; S.2013; Blunt and Whitton VII, variant (b), var.; Stewartby p.431, VIIb), a little bent, about fine, rare

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1994, no.310

186

187

188

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.05g, type VIIc, York, m.m. lis/lis over crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, E on breast, saltire stops on obverse, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VII(c); Stewartby p.431, VIIc), tiny gouges by obverse mint mark, good fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1994, no.309 187

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.00g, type VII/VIII, London, m.m. crown/sun, quatrefoils by neck, cross on cusp below bust, small trefoils on all cusps except at neck, no trefoil over crown, ANG L Z FRANC, saltire stops both sides (N.1571; S.2001; Blunt and Whitton VIII, 3 but a variety not recorded by them; Stewartby p.431, VIIIb), good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, June 2010, lot 953 (part) This coin was found with the next one on the bank of the river Teign at Clagford in Devonshire. 188

Flanders, Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders (1467-1477), Double Patard, 2.61g, +KAROLVS DEI GRA DVX BVRG CO FLA, arms in shield, rev. +SIT NOMEN DOMINIS BENEDICTVM (briquet), floreate cross with lis in centre (Ghyssens 23/3; De Mey 394), fair

£30-40

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, June 2010, lot 953 (part), and as last

Page 63

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189 189

190

191

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.88g, a mule of types VIII and VII, London, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps except over crown, quatrefoil at breast, FRANC., letter style R4 both sides, saltire stops on obverse, rev. single saltire stop after DEVM (N.1571/1570; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton VIII/VII, var.2; Stewartby p.431, VIIIa/VII), very fine

£120-160

PROVENANCE:

Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 617 SNC September 1997, item 4975 190

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.87g, a mule of types VIII and VII, London, m.m. crown/crown, quatrefoils by neck and at breast, fleurs on cusps except above crown and at breast, FRANC., saltire stops both sides, rev. single saltire stop after DEVM (N.1572; S.2001; Blunt and Whitton VIII/VII, var.2; Stewartby p.431, VIIa/VII), about very fine

£120-160

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1990, item 2514 Norweb, Spink auction 45, 13 June 1985, lot 203 W.J.W. Potter collection, purchased by Seaby, 1963 191

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.00g, type VIII, London, m.m. crown/sun, quatrefoils by neck, fleurs on cusps to left of bust only, quatrefoil on breast, saltires stops on obverse only (N.1571; S.2001; Blunt and Whitton VIII, var.2; Stewartby p.431, VIIa), very fine

£120-160

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1018

192 192

193

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.08g, type VIII, London, m.m. crown/sun, quatrefoils by neck and on breast, small trefoils on cusps except at breast, FRAN, saltire stops both sides (N.1571; S.2000; Blunt and Whitton VIII, var. (a),2; Stewartby p.431, VIIb), very fine

£120-160

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.187 193

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.70g, type VIII, York, m.m. lis/sun, quatrefoils by neck, small trefoils on cusps except over crown, E on breast, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VIIIb/VIIIa; Stewartby p.432, VIIIb/VIIIa), toned, good fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1713

www.spink.com

£100-130

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194 194 (x1.5) 194

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.14g, type VIII, York, m.m. lis/lis, quatrefoils by neck, small trefoils on cusps except over crown, E on breast, trefoil stops on obverse, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI, saltire after DEVM (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VIIIb; Stewartby p.432, VIIIb), good very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1990, item 3420

195 195

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.10g, a mule of types IX and VIII, London, m.m. rose and crown/sun, quatrefoils by neck and at breast, trefoils on cusps except at breast, FRANC, saltire stops on obverse only (N.1573; S.2001; Blunt and Whitton IX, variety 1/VIII, variety 3; Stewartby p.432, Xa/VIIIa), struck on a rather small flan, very fine, extremely rare

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

196 196 (x1.5) 196

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.17g, a mule of types Xa and IX, London, m.m. long cross fitchée/rose, trefoils by neck and at breast, trefoils at cusps except over crown, double saltire stop after FRANC, saltire stops on obverse only, rev. TAS over CIVI in second quarter (N.1576; S.2003; Blunt and Whitton Xa3/IX, var.; Stewartby p.432, Xa/IX), lightly toned, very fine, very rare

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

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197

198

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.90g, type Xa, London, m.m. long cross fitchée/sun, trefoils by neck and at breast, trefoils on cusps except over crown, trefoil stop after FRANC, trefoil stops on obverse and reverse (N.1577; S.2003; Blunt and Whitton Xa3; Stewartby p.432, Xa), very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1022 198

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 3.06g, type Xb, London, m.m. long cross fitchée/sun, no symbols by neck, trefoils on all cusps including on breast, double trefoil stop after FRANC, trefoil stops both sides (N.1578; S.2002; Blunt and Whitton Xb, var.1; Stewartby p.432, Xb/IX?), good very fine, rare

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 5, Autumn 1995, no.258

199

200

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage, 1464-70, Groat, 2.58g, type Xb, London, m.m. long cross fitchée/sun, no trefoils by neck, small trefoils on cusps except above crown and on breast, trefoil stops, rev. single trefoil stop after DEVM (N.1578; S.2002; Blunt and Whitton Xb, 2, var.1; Stewartby p.432, Xb/IX?), very fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1734 P. Woodhead collection, portion purchased by Spink, 1990 Wallace collection, dispersed c.1950 200

Edward IV, Groat, 2.22g, a contemporary forgery of a York/London mule, m.m. ‘flower’, quatrefoils by bust, E on breast, rev. CIVI/TAS/LON/DON, a contemporary forgery of good workmanship, fair to fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

www.spink.com

£80-100

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HENRY VI, RESTORED, 1470-71

201 201 (x1.5) 201

Henry VI, restored (October 1470-April 1471), Groat, 2.72g, London, m.m. cross pattée/restoration cross possibly struck over a short cross fitchée, small trefoils on all cusps, HENRIC’, double trefoil stop after FRANC, trefoil stops, rev. lis after DEVM (N.1617; S.2082; Blunt and Whitton 3/5; Stewartby p.432), very fine, very rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1995, no.323

202 202

Henry VI, restored, Groat, 2.98g, London, m.m. restoration cross both sides, small trefoils on cusps except over crown, HENRICV, FRANC., saltire stops on obverse, rev. saltire stop after DEVM (N.1617; S.2082; Blunt and Whitton 6/6; Stewartby p.432), very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

203 203 (x1.5) 203

Henry VI, restored, Groat, 3.12g, London, m.m. restoration cross/lis, small trefoils on all cusps, reads HENRICV and FRANC, obverse possibly from an altered die, saltire stops on obverse, no stops visible on reverse (N.1617; S.2082; Blunt and Whitton 5/1; Stewartby p.432), very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 2010, item HS4110

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204 204

Henry VI, restored, Groat, 2.69g, Bristol, m.m. trefoil/trefoil, small trefoils on all cusps except over crown, B on breast, HENRICV, saltire stops on obverse, rev. VIL/LAB/RIS/TOW (N.1619; S.2083; Blunt and Whitton 1/2; Stewartby p.432), uneven flan, good fine, rare

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, May 1995

205 205 (x1.5) 205

Henry VI, restored, Groat, 2.91g, York, m.m. lis/lis, small trefoils on all cusps except over crown, large E on breast, HENRICV and FRANC, saltire stops on obverse, rev. no stops on reverse, CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI (N.1618; S.2084; Blunt and Whitton 3, variety with saltires in obverse legend/1; Stewartby p.432), a really good very fine, scarce

£600-800

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1992, item 180 H.R. Mossop, Glendining, 6 November 1991, lot 507 H.M. Montagu, Sotheby, 11 May 1896, lot 560 (part)

206

Henry VI, restored, Groat, 2.94g, York, m.m. lis/lis, small trefoils on all cusps except over crown, small E on breast, HENRIC and FRANC, trefoil stops on obverse, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI, small lis after POSVI (N.1618; S.2084; Blunt and Whitton 4/1; Stewartby p.432), nearly very fine PROVENANCE:

H.M. Montagu, Sotheby, 20 November 1897, lot 194 (part) Marsham collection, sold 1888

www.spink.com

£350-450

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EDWARD IV SECOND REIGN, 1471-83

207 207

207 (x1.5)

Edward IV (second reign, 1471-83), Groat, 2.80g, a mule of Edward IV and Henry VI types, London, m.m. short cross fitchée/restoration cross, obverse in the name of Edward IV, small trefoils on cusps, trefoil stops, rev. no stops (N.1631/1617; S.2096/2082; Blunt and Whitton I (type XII/Henry VI restoration type 7); Stewartby p.432, XII/Henry VI), surfaces a little scuffed, very fine, very rare PROVENANCE: Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 653

£600-800

208 208

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.01g, a mule of Edward IV and Henry VI, London. m.m. short cross fitchée/restoration cross, letter styles A3, R5 and I2, small trefoils on all cusps except over crown, saltire stops, rev. no stops (N.1631/1617; S.2096/2082; Blunt and Whitton XII/Henry VI restoration type 7, but variety with saltire stops on the obverse; Stewartby p.432, XII/Henry VI), very fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Baldwin, February 1995

209 209

210

£500-600

210

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.84g, type XII, London, m.m. short cross fitchée both sides, small trefoils on cusps except above crown and on breast, no stops visible on obverse, rev. trefoil after DEVM (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XII; Stewartby p.432, XII), some edge damage, fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.93g, a mule of types XIII and XII, London, m.m. large annulet/short cross fitchée, small trefoils on cusps except over crown, reads DI GRA’, no stops either side (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XIII/XII; Stewartby, p.433, XIII/XII), about very fine, rare PROVENANCE: Colin Rochester, Spink auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 656 J. M. Ashby, Spink auction 145, 14 July 2000, lot 2351 For other examples of this rare mule see Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 300, same dies; from different dies, R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1577

£100-130

£350-400

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211 211

212

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.90g, type XIII, London, m.m. large annulet/trefoil, trefoils on all cusps except above crown, annulet after REX, no other stops (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XIII, 6; Stewartby p.433, XIII), about very fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 212

Edward IV, first reign, light coinage Groat, 3.07g, type VII, York, m.m. lis/lis, quatrefoils by neck, trefoils on cusps except over crown and on breast, E on breast, saltire stops on the obverse, rev. no stops, E of EBO/RACI appears to be punched over an L (N.1583; S.2012; Blunt and Whitton VII; Stewartby p.431, VII), good fine, rare

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

213 213 (x1.5) 213

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.00g, a mule of types XII and XIV, Bristol, m.m. rose/(saltire), small trefoils on cusps except over crown and on breast, B on breast, stops on obverse trefoils, rev. no stops (except for the saltire in the initial position), VIL/LA B/RIS/TOW (N.1632; S.2101; Blunt and Whitton XII/XIV, var.1; Stewartby p.433, XII/XIV), good fine, extremely rare

£200-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1990, item 7612

214 214

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.74g, type XIV, London, m.m. small annulet both sides, trefoils on all cusps including above crown and on breast, FRANC (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XIV, var.1; Stewartby p.433, XIV), edge split at ten o’clock, good fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995

www.spink.com

£100-130

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215 215

216

217

219

220

217

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.95g, a mule of types XIV and XV, London, m.m. small annulet/pellet in annulet, small trefoils on all cusps, saltire stops both sides (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XIV/XV, first var.; Stewartby p.433, XIV/XV), fine PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 9, December 1996, no.183 Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.11g, a mule of types XIV and XV, London, m.m. small annulet/pellet in annulet, small trefoils on all cusps including above crown and on breast, trefoil stops on obverse, rev. saltire after DEVM (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XIV/XV, var.1; Stewartby p.433, XIV/XV; same reverse die as lot 311 in the P. Delmé-Radcliffe sale), very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.99g, type XV, London, m.m. pellet in annulet both sides, roses by neck, large trefoils on all cusps including above crown and on breast, single saltire stops after DEI and GRA, FRANC., rev. saltire stop after DEVM (N.1631; S.2097; Blunt and Whitton XVb, variety with stop in place of saltire after FRANC; Stewartby p.433, XVb), fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Baldwin, February 1995

218 218

216

219

£80-100

£120-150

£100-130

220

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.07g, type XVII, London, m.m. pierced cross both sides, large trefoils on all cusps including above crown and on breast, single saltire stop after DEI and GRA, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XVII; Stewartby p.433, XVII), very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.73g, type XVIII, London, m.m. pierced cross with pellet in fourth quarter both sides, saltire stops, a mixture of large fleurs and trefoils on cusps except over head and at breast, double saltire stop between DI and GRA, rev. rose after POSVI (N.1631; S.2098; Blunt and Whitton XVIIIb but with a mixture of fleurs and trefoils on the cusps; Stewartby p.433, XVIIIb), very fine PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.240 Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.13g, type XVIIIa, London mint, m.m. pierced cross with pellet in the first quarter both sides, large trefoils on all cusps including above crown and on breast, rev. chevron-barred As in ANGL’ and TAS, saltire after CIVI (N.1631; S.2096; Blunt and Whitton XVIIIa; Stewartby p.433, XVIIIa), very fine PROVENANCE: SNC March 1994, item 1037

£120-150

£130-160

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221 221

222

222 (detail)

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.93g, type XVIIIb, London, m.m. pierced cross with pellet in third quarter/pierced cross with pellet in fourth quarter, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, chevron-barred As in ANGL’, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, rose after DEVM (N.1631; S.2098; Blunt and Whitton XVIIIb, var.4/2; Stewartby p.433, XVIIIb), very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, June 1995 222

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.92g, type XVIIIb, London, m.m. pierced cross with pellet in third quarter/pierced cross with pellet in fourth quarter, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, EDVARD’, chevron-barred As in ANGL’, rev. chevron barred As in TAS, saltire stops both sides (N.1631; S.2098; Blunt and Whitton XVIIIb, var.3/1; Stewartby p.433, XVIIIb), lightly toned, very fine

£140-180

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 7, 1996, no.188

223

224

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 2.79g, type XX, London, m.m. pierced cross with central pellet both sides, fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, no stop between DI and GRA, chevron-barred A in ANGL’, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, rose after DEVM (N.1631; S.2098; Blunt and Whitton XX; Stewartby p.433, XX), nearly very fine

225

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1994, item 3236 224

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.13g, type XXI, London, m.m. cinquefoil with pellet below left/cinquefoil, rose on breast, fleurs on cusps except over crown and at breast, chevron-barred A in ANGL’, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, pellet before the mintmark, rose after DEVM (N.1631; S.2100; Blunt and Whitton XXI, var.6/2; Stewartby p.434, XXI), very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1720 225

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.05g, type XXI, London, m.m. cinquefoil/cinquefoil, rose on breast, fleurs on all cusps except breast, chevron barred A in ANGL’, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, letter S of TAS punched over another letter (N.1631; S.2100; Blunt and Whitton XXI, 6/9; Stewartby p.434, XXI), good very fine PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 159

www.spink.com

£180-220

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226 226 (x1.5)

226

Edward IV, second reign, Groat, 3.03g, type XXI, London, m.m. cinquefoil/cinquefoil, rose on breast, fleurs on cusps except over crown and at breast, chevron-barred A in ANGL, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, rose after DEVM, A of TAS punched over O (N.1631; S.2100; Blunt and Whitton XXI, reverse var.7; Stewartby p.434, XXI), toned, good very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

EDWARD IV OR V, 1483 The coinage with cinquefoil mintmark came to an end on 12 February 1483. The new mintmaster, Bartholomew Reed, introduced the mintmark halved sun and rose before the death of Edward IV on 9 April 1483 and this was continued in use during the brief reign of his son, Edward V (9 April 1483 - 26 June 1483) and on into Richard III’s reign. When Richard III became Protector his boar’s head badge began to be used as a mintmark.

227 227 (x1.5)

227

Edward IV or Edward V, Groat, 3.00g, type XXII, London, m.m. halved sun and rose both sides, pellet below bust, fleurs on all cusps except over crown, As on obverse unbarred, A in TAS unbarred (N.1631; S.2146; Blunt and Whitton XXII, var. 1-5/6; Stewartby p.434, XXII (BH)), good fine, rare

£1,500-2,000

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

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228 228 (x1.5) 228

Edward IV or Edward V, Groat, 2.88g, type XXII, London, m.m. halved sun and rose both sides, pellet below bust, fleurs on all cusps except over crown, EDVARD, As on obverse unbarred, rev. chevron barred A in TAS (N.1631; S.2146; Blunt and Whitton XXII, var. 4; Stewartby p.433, XXII), a full coin, good fine, rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 334 M. Delmé-Radcliffe, Glendining, 17 April 1985, lot 334

229 229 (x1.5) 229

Edward IV or Edward V, Groat, 3.00g, type XXII, London, m.m. halved sun and rose both sides, fleurs on all cusps except over crown and on breast, no pellet below bust As on both sides unbarred (N.1631; S.2146A; Blunt and Whitton XXII, 10/6; Stewartby p.433, XXII), almost very fine, rare

£1,500-2,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 217

230 230 (x1.5) 230

Edward IV or Edward V, Groat, 3.01g, type XXII, London, m.m. halved sun and rose both sides, fleurs on all cusps except over crown and on breast, no pellet below bust, chevron barred A in ANGL, rev. chevron barred A in TAS (N.1631; S.2146A; Blunt and Whitton XXII, 7-9; Stewartby p.433, XXII), small flan, scuffs on bust, very fine, rare PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1995, item 128. www.spink.com

£1,800-2,200

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RICHARD III IN THE NAME OF EDWARD V, 1483

231 231

231 (x1.5)

Richard III in the name of Edward V, Groat, 2.36g, London, m.m. boar’s head 1 over sun and rose 1/halved sun and rose 1, EDWARD, pellet below bust, fleurs on all cusps except over crown, rev. barred A only in TAS (N.1680; S.2155; Blunt (2), but see also Lawrence’s note which is published immediately following Blunt’s paper in BNJ 22 (1934-1937); Stewartby p.434, XXII (BH)/?), clipped, very fine, very rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink C.E. Blunt collection J. Shirley-Fox collection, bequeathed to C.E. Blunt, 1939

£2,000-3,000

232 232 (x1.5) 232

Richard III in the name of Edward V, Groat, 2.88g, London, m.m. boar’s head 1 over sun and rose 1/halved sun and rose 1 with prominent central pellet, reads EDWARD, pellet below bust, fleurs on all cusps except over crown, from the same obverse die as lot 231 (N.1680; S.2155; Stewartby p.434, XXII (BH), good very fine, very rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink, 2010

£3,000-4,000

RICHARD III, 1483-85

233 233 (x1.5) 233

Richard III (1483-85), Groat, 3.09g, London, m.m. halved sun and rose 1 both sides, no pellet under bust, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS, L of LON struck over a partially erased letter (N.1679; S.2154; Winstanley 1; Stewartby p.434, I), an attractive example, good very fine, rare PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

£1,500-2,000

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234 234

Richard III, Groat, 2.86g, London, m.m. halved sun and rose 1 both sides, no pellet under bust, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS (N.1679; S.2154; Winstanley 1; Stewartby p.434, I), small edge split at top, about very fine, rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6523

235 235

Richard III, Groat, 2.93g, London, m.m. boar’s head 1/boar’s head 2, no pellet under bust, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS (N.1679; S.2156; Winstanley 5; Stewartby p.434, IIa/IIb), surfaces a little scuffed, nearly very fine, rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC September 1996, item 3884

236 236 (x1.5) 236

Richard III, Groat, 2.78g, London, m.m. boar’s head 2 both sides, fleurs on cusps except over head and on breast, reverse appears to read EIVI (N.1679; S.2156; Winstanley 6; Stewartby p.434, XXII (BH)), rare, very fine PROVENANCE:

SNC July 2010, item HS4200 Colin Rochester, Spink Auction 194, 26-27 March 2008, lot 675 SNC June 2000, item 2323 L. M. Stack, Sotheby, 22-23 April 1999, lot 376

www.spink.com

£1,200-1,500

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237 237 (x1.5) 237

Richard III, Groat, 3.06g, London, m.m. boar’s head 2 both sides, no pellet under bust, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS (N.1679; S.2156; Winstanley 9; Stewartby p.434, IIb), very fine, rare

£1,400-1,800

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

238 238 (x1.5) 238

Richard III, Groat, 3.20g, London, m.m. boar’s head 2/halved sun and rose 1, no pellet under bust, rev. chevron-barred A in TAS (N.1679; S.2156; Winstanley 9; Stewartby p.434, IIb), lightly toned on reverse, very fine, rare

£1,200-1,500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

239 239 (x1.5) 239

Richard III, Groat, 2.75g, London, m.m. sun and rose 2/boar’s head 2, pellet under bust (N.1679; S.2156; Winstanley 11/10 or 12; Stewartby p.434, IIIa/IIb), very fine, rare

£1,200-1,500

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4291 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1658 R. Carlyon-Britton, Sotheby, 17-18 October 1921, lot 140

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240 240

Richard III, Groat, 2.87g, London, m.m. halved sun and rose 2 both sides, pellet below bust, bust of Henry VII style (N.1679; S.2154; Winstanley 11 or 13; Stewartby p.434, IIIa), off-centre and struck on an irregular flan, fine, rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn

241

241 (x1.5)

241

Richard III, Groat, 2.72g, York, m.m. sun and rose 2/probably none, rev. CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI (N.1681; S.2159; Winstanley 17; Stewartby p.434, IIIa), flaws in second portion of mint signature, traces of lacquer in places, fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink VJE Ryan, Glendining, 22-324 January 1952, lot 454 R. Carlyon-Britton, Sotheby, 17-18 October 1921 J.G. Murdoch, Sotheby, 31 March - 4 April 1903, lot 379

www.spink.com

£1,200-1,600

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THE PRETENDER LAMBERT SIMNEL, 1487 Lambert Simnel was the son of an Oxford joiner who was taken on by the Yorkist leaders in Ireland as the Earl of Warwick. The origin of this plot lay in Ireland where Yorkist policy had given the Irish Lords a high level of autonomy in running the country. With the seizure of the throne by Henry VII in 1485 they came to the conclusion that this freedom was at risk and hatched a plot, supported by Margaret, Dowager Duchess of Burgundy (sister of Edward IV) and Viscount Lovel. Lambert Simnel was crowned as King Edward VI of England at Christchurch, Dublin on 24 May 1487. The crown was said to have been a gold circlet taken from a nearby statue of the Virgin. Whilst the plot had wide support in Ireland it was doomed to fail as Henry VII held the real Earl of Warwick in London. Smelling a plot, Henry had him paraded in London, and presented before Council and at Convocation in February 1487. As a result Lambert Simnel’s claim was never taken seriously in England. Supported by 2000 German mercenaries the rebels landed at Furness in Lancashire in June 1487 and were defeated at the Battle of Stoke. Simnel was captured and confessed the full story. Remarkably Henry VII chose to be lenient and he was given a job in the royal kitchens and later promoted to King’s Falconer.

242

242 (x1.5)

242

Ireland, attributed to the pretender Lambert Simnel as Edward VI (1487), three crowns coinage, Groat, 1.41g, type III, Waterford, the arms of England in a quatrefoil with stars in the lower spandrels, CIVI/[..]/[..]/RFOR, rev. three crowns on a cross over a tressure, reversed E below (N.1756; S.6428; DF.189), legends indistinct but type is unambiguous, about fine, extremely rare

£2,000-3,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1993, item 2725 The Lambert Simnel coinage, was examined in some detail jointly by Gerard Brady, Colm Gallagher and Frank Brady, see SNC October 1995 pp. 301-302.

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THE PRETENDER PERKIN WARBECK, 1491-98 Perkin Warbeck was the son of John Osbeck of Werbeque, controller of Tournai. He became the figurehead for the most serious attempt by the Yorkists to remove Henry VII. Warbeck first appeared at Cork in 1491 and was backed by both Margaret of Burgundy and Charles VIII of France. The latter saw him a counter against Henry VII’s involvement in Britanny where the Ducal succession was being contested between two parties, one supported by Henry and the other by Charles. Unlike the Simnel plot, the plotters this time chose that their figurehead should claim to be Richard, Duke of York, one of the ‘Princes in the Tower’ whose whereabouts had never been proven after they disappeared into the Tower in July 1485. This made Warbeck a credible pretender and this was reinforced by close training given to him by the household of Margaret, Dowager Duchess of Burgundy. His arrival in Ireland in 1491 was coolly received and he had to seek support elsewhere looking to Scotland and France. His position though was always as a pawn in larger diplomatic games between France, England and the Empire. He was received warmly in France in 1491, until the Treaty of Etaples ended Henry VII’s part in the Breton war and Charles agreed to desist from supporting rebels against Henry. Warbeck then left France for Burgundy and the Empire and came under the protection of Margaret of Burgundy and Maximilian. Henry VII took this threat seriously enough to respond to it by banning trade with Flanders and moving the wool staple to Calais. In 1494 Henry broke up support for a plot in support of Warbeck with ease and when Warbeck landed near Deal in Kent in July 1495 it was a disaster. Warbeck then fled to Ireland and finding no support went on to Scotland where he was received by James IV, whose relations with England were bad at this time. Warbeck provided a cause for an invasion of England, which commenced on 17 September 1497. This was a failure. Warbeck then left for Ireland and in the summer of 1498 landed in the West Country where he found very little support. With all avenues now at an end, Warbeck gave himself up at Sheen and confessed all. He was subsequently tried and hanged on 29 November 1499. Henry at this point decided that it was too dangerous to allow another possible focal point for Yorkist plots to live and had the Earl of Warwick executed at the same time.

243

243 (x1.5) 243

Continental, attributed to the pretender Perkin Warbeck (1494), coin or medallic jetton, 3.77g, m.m. leopard passant gardant both sides, crowned arms of England between crowned lis and crowned rose, DOMINIE SALVVM FAC REGEM, rev. MANI TECKEL PHARES 1494, crown over lis and leopard over rose (N.1758; S. -; Blunt ‘The Medallic Jeton of Perkin Warbeck’, BNJ 25 (1949-1951), pp.215-216), a good example of this coin, good very fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, 1990 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, October 11-17 1956, lot 1747 Sir John Evans collection, purchased by Spink, c.1908 www.spink.com

£3,000-4,000

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HENRY VII, 1485-1509 Groats continued to be struck in this reign at a nominal weight of 48 grains (= 3.11g).

244 244

245

246

Henry VII (1485-1509), Groat, 2.91g, class Ia, London, m.m. halved lis and rose both sides, open crown (N.1703; S.2193; Potter and Winstanley Ia (1/2); SCBI 23, 88-93; Stewartby p.434, IA (ii)), about very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 219 245

Henry VII, Groat, 2.85g, class Ia, London, m.m. lis on rose both sides, fleur on breast (N.1703; S.2193; Potter and Winstanley Ia, 1/1; SCBI 23, 96-98, possibly a die duplicate of 96; Stewartby p.434, IA (iii)), a little off-centre, very fine

£200-230

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1996, item 149 246

Henry VII, Groat, 3.00g, class Ia, London, m.m. lis on rose both sides, open crown, rose on breast (N.1703; S.2193; Potter and Winstanley Ia, 3/1; SCBI 23, 103-104, possibly an obverse die duplicate of 104; Stewartby p.434, 1A (iii)), very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

247 247

248

Henry VII, Groat, 2.58g, class Ia, London, m.m. lis on sun and rose/lis on half rose, fleur on breast (N.1703; S.2193; Potter and Winstanley Ia, 5/2; SCBI 23, -; Stewartby p.434, 1A (iii)), a little creased, good fine

249

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, February 1995 248

Henry VII, Groat, 2.92g, class Ia, London, m.m. lis on half rose both sides, open crown, rose on breast (N.1703; S.2193; Potter and Winstanley Ia, 3/2; SCBI 23, 103-104, possibly a die duplicate of 104; Stewartby p.434, IA (iii)), very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, September 1995 249

Henry VII, Groat, 2.78g, class Ib, London, m.m. rose/none, open crown, saltires by neck (N.1703; S.2194; Potter and Winstanley Ib; SCBI 23, 132-150; Stewartby p.435, IB (iii)), nearly very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6524

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250 250

Henry VII, Groat, 2.61g, class Ib, London, m.m. long cross fitchée/-, crosslets by neck, double saltire stop after FR (N.1703; S.2194; Potter and Winstanley Ib; SCBI 23, 124-128; Stewartby p.435, IB (ii)), short of flan, nearly very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, October 1994

251 251

252

Henry VII, Groat, 2.91g, class IIa, London, no m.m. either side, crown 1, plain arches, trefoils on cusps, including one at breast, FRANC’, rev. trefoil before POSVI and MEVM, ADIVTORE (N.1704; S.2195; Potter and Winstanley var.3/5; Stewartby p.435, IIA), very fine, scarce

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 220 252

Henry VII, Groat, 2.92g, class IIa, London, no m.m. either side, plain arches, saltires by neck, trefoils either side of cross above crown, FRANC (N.1704; S.2196; Potter and Winstanley pp.272-3; SCBI 23, 175-188, possibly a die duplicate of 178; Stewartby p.435, IIIB (i)), very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, September 1995 H.M. Lingford collection, with Lingford ticket

253 253

Henry VII, Groat, 2.75g, class IIa, London, no m.m. either side, no saltires by neck, rev. saltire before POSVI and DEVM (N.1704; S.2195; Potter and Winstanley var.3/3; SCBI 23, 189-196, possibly an obverse die duplicate of 194; Stewartby p.435, IIA), a good specimen, good very fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

www.spink.com

£250-300

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254 254 (x1.5) 254

Henry VII, Groat, 3.00g, class IIb, London, m.m. cinquefoil/none, fleurs on all cusps except over crown and on breast, chevron-barred A in ANGL (N.1704; S.2195; Potter and Winstanley type 6; SCBI 23, 200 (die duplicate); Stewartby p.435, IIB), toned, good very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1992, item 186 H.R. Mossop, Glendining, 6 November 1991, lot 513

255 255

Henry VII, Groat, 2.91g, class IIb, London, m.m. heraldic cinquefoil both sides, plain arches, cross 2, trefoil stops, four fleurs on the supporters, rev. chevron barred A in TAS, flaw in O of DON (N.1704; S.2195; Potter and Winstanley type II, var.5 but unrecorded sub-variety with this reverse; SCBI 23, 215; Stewartby p.435, IIB), ragged flan, good very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 16 March 2011, lot 490

256

Henry VII, Groat, 2.99g, class IIIb, London, m.m. pansy both sides, jewelled arches, fleurs type 8, rosette stops (N.1705a; S.2198A; Potter and Winstanley IIIa; SCBI 23, 229-230; Stewartby p.435, IIIA), a little double struck on reverse, stains, good fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, November 1994

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257 257 (x1.5) 257

Henry VII, Groat, 2.96g, class IIIb/a, London, m.m. escallop/cinquefoil, two jewelled arches, open Es, type 1 fleurs, rosette stops, rev. cross ends 3, Roman Ms (N.1705a/b; S.2198A; Potter and Winstanley IIIb/a; SCBI 23, 279-281; Stewartby p.436, IIIB(i)/IIIA), bold bust, very fine, very rare

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC August 2008, item HS3494 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 4-6 November 1958, lot 3199 (part)

258 258 (x1.5) 258

Henry VII, Groat, 2.73g, class IIIb/a, London, m.m. escallop/cinquefoil, two jewelled arches, rosette stops, type 1 fleurs, rev. Roman Ms, rosette stops (N.1705b/a; S.2198A; Potter and Winstanley III, 2, var.2; SCBI 23, 253; Stewartby p.436, IIIB(i)/IIIA), nearly very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, September 1995

259 259 (x1.5) 259

Henry VII, Groat, 3.19g, class IIIb, London, m.m. escallop both sides, two jewelled arches, new bust with realistic hair, type 6 fleurs on cusps except over crown and on breast, trefoil stops, rev. Roman Ms (N.1705; S.2198A; Potter and Winstanley var.10; SCBI 23, 264 and 265, possibly a die duplicate of 264; Stewartby p.435, IIIB (i)), greyblue tone, good very fine PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1990, item 5986 www.spink.com

£400-500

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260 (detail) 260

260

261

Henry VII, Groat, 2.80g, class IIIc, London, m.m. escallop both sides, two jewelled arches, new bust with realistic hair, type 8 fleurs, rosette stops, FRA, rev. cross ends 4, lombardic Ms (N.1705b; S.2198; Potter and Winstanley IIIb; SCBI 23, 271-273; Stewartby p.435, IIIB(i)), very fine

£150-180

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.241 261

Henry VII, Groat, 2.99g, class IIIc, London, m.m. pansy both sides, outer arch only jewelled, rev. cross ends 7, saltire stops (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 314-326; Stewartby p.435, IIIC(i)), a little off-centre, very fine

262 262

263

£120-150

263

Henry VII, Groat, 2.88g, class IIIc, London, m.m. pansy both sides, outer arch only jewelled, rosette stops, rev. cross ends 6, saltire stops (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 292-312; Stewartby IIIC(i)), short of flan, good very fine

£200-250

Henry VII, Groat, 2.88g, class IIIc, London, m.m. pansy/leopard’s head crowned, outer arch only jewelled, rev. cross ends 7, MEV (N.1705; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc, 4/5; SCBI 23, 328-330; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(iii)), good fine/very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

SNC September 1996, item 3886

264 264

265

Henry VII, Groat, 2.84g, class IIIc, London, m.m. pansy/leopard’s head crowned, outer arch only jewelled, no fleurs on cusps (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 330-382; Stewartby p.435, IIIC(i)/(ii)), slight crease, very fine, very rare

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Winter 1994/95, no.190 265

Henry VII, Groat, 2.99g, class IIIc, London, m.m. leopard’s head crowned both sides, outer arch only jewelled, AGLI and FR, rev. cross ends 7 (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc, 5; SCBI 23, 333-336; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(ii)), very fine

£130-160

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1990, item 7613 Page 85

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266 266

267

Henry VII, Groat, 3.16g, class IIIc, London, m.m. anchor/anchor reversed, broken Es both sides, outer arch only jewelled, rev. cross ends 8 (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc, 6; SCBI 23, 350-367, possibly an obverse die duplicate of 351 and a reverse die duplicate of 257; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(iv)), good very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£200-250

Henry VII, Groat, 3.02g, class IIIc, London, m.m. anchor both sides, outer arch only jewelled, rev. EIVITAS for CIVITAS, cross ends 8 (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIa; SCBI 23, 253; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(iv)), good very fine PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.248

£200-250

268 268

269

www.spink.com

269

Henry VII, Groat, 2.18g, class IIIc, London, m.m. anchor/greyhound’s head 1, outer arch only jewelled, saltire stops, rev. cross ends 8 (N.1705; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc, 6; SCBI 23, 384 and 385, possibly a die duplicate of 384; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(iv)/IIIC(v)(a)), tooled in fields, low weight, probably clipped, very fine, very rare PROVENANCE: SNC May 1996, item 2059

£150-200

Henry VII, Groat, 2.67g, class IIIc, London, m.m. greyhound’s head type 1 both sides, outer arch only jewelled, rev. cross ends 8, DEV and MEV (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 390-392; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(v)(a)), pleasing, good very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£200-250

270 270

267

270 (x1.5)

Henry VII, Groat, 3.18g, class IIIc, London, m.m. greyhound’s head type 2 both sides, outer arch only jewelled, FR, rev. cross ends 9, DEV and MEV (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 385-389; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(v)(b)), very fine PROVENANCE: SNC October 1990, item 5988

£200-250

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271 271

Henry VII, Groat, 3.11g, class IIIc, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, outer arch only jewelled, HENRIKIC FR, rev. cross ends 10, letter N of LON overstruck on ?another letter (N.1705c; S.2199; Potter and Winstanley IIIc; SCBI 23, 423 - obverse die duplicate; Stewartby p.436, IIIC(vi)), an attractive example, good very fine, very rare

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1991, item 1876

272 272 (x1.5)

272

Henry VII, Groat, 2.72g, class IVa, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, single arch to crown, AGLI Z FRA (N.1706a; S.2200; Potter and Winstanley IV, 2, var. 13, variety with AGLI; SCBI 23, 428-434 - probable die duplicate of 429; Stewartby IVA(ii)), good very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

273

Henry VII, Groat, 2.82g, class IVb, London, m.m. greyhound’s head 2 both sides, crown with single arch ornamented with six small uprights, ANGL Z FR, rev. A/DIVTOR/E’ (N.1706b; S.2201; Potter and Winstanley IV, var. 3; SCBI 23, 417-421; Stewartby IVB(i)), some porosity, nearly very fine

£220-260

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.213

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274 274 (x1.5) 274

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 2.87g, London, no m.m., two bands, reads HENRIC VII, ANGL’ (N.1743; S.2254; Potter and Winstanley obverse die 6 or 7, reverse die 10; SCBI 23, 768 - same die; Stewartby p.437, Va, 2(a)), very lightly double-struck on obverse, good very fine, very rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

275 275 (x1.5) 275

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 2.87g, London, m.m. large lis/greyhound’s head 2, two bands, HENRIC’ DI’, ANGL’ and FRA’ (N.1743; S.2256; Potter and Winstanley obverse die 13, reverse die 11; SCBI 23, 772-773, obverse die duplicate 772; Stewartby p.437, Va, 1(a)/2(c)), pleasing, good very fine, extremely rare

£1,500-1,800

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1993, item 7145

276 276 (x1.5) 276

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 3.08g, London, m.m. lis/greyhound’s head 2, two bands, HENRIC VII, AGL Z F, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1743; S.2254; Potter and Winstanley obverse die 14, reverse die 11; SCBI 23, 771 same dies; Stewartby p.437, Va, 2(b)/(c)), very fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1997, item 794 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 F.A. Walters, Sotheby, 24 October 1932, lot 392 H.A. Parsons, 28 October 1929, lot 407 (part) www.spink.com

£1,000-1,200

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277 277

278

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 3.01g, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, two bands, HENRIC VII, AGL Z F, rosettes stop after F, pellet in field under E of REX (N.1743; S.2254; Potter and Winstanley III(a); SCBI 23, 778-786; Stewartby p.437, Va, 3), very fine, very rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 278

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 3.04g, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, two bands, HENRIC V.I.I, reads AGL Z F (N.1743; S.2254; Potter and Winstanley IIIa; SCBI 23, 778-785; Stewartby p.437, Va, 3), fine, rare

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn, list 9, December 1996, no.198

279 279 (x1.5) 279

Henry VII, ‘tentative’ profile issue, Groat, 2.67g, London, m.m. lis on reverse only, six saltires on arch of crown, hair line inner circles, HENRICVS and ANGLIE without the regnal number, DEVM and MEVM in full on reverse (N.1744 var.; S.2256; Potter and Winstanley type 1 (b); SCBI 23, 766-7), fine, rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bonhams auction, 16 December 2009, lot 135

280 280 (x1.5) 280

Henry VII, ‘regular’ profile issue, Groat, 2.96g, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, triple band, legend ends FR’ (N.1747; S.2258; Potter and Winstanley 1; SCBI 23, 789803; Stewartby p.437, VB(i)(a)), lightly tooled in fields, good very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Page 89

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281 281 (x1.5) 281

Henry VII, ‘regular’ profile issue, Groat, 2.95g, London, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, triple band, legend ends FR’, variety with colons before mintmarks (N.1747; S.2258; Potter and Winstanley I; SCBI 23, 817-821, possibly an obverse die duplicate of 818; Stewartby p.437, VB(i)(b)), very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

282 282 (x1.5) 282

Henry VII, ‘regular’ profile issue, Groat, 3.13g, London, m.m. pheon both sides, triple band, legend ends F’, rev. single saltire after POSVI (N.1747; S.2258; Potter and Winstanley 5; SCBI 23, 860-876; Stewartby p.437, Vb(ii)), excellent portrait, good very fine

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1991, item 1879

283

Henry VII, ‘regular’ profile issue, Groat, 2.87g, London, m.m. pheon/cross-crosslet, triple band, legend ends F’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1747; S.2258; Potter and Winstanley 5/1; SCBI 23, 833 - possibly a die duplicate; Stewartby p.437, Vb(ii)/(i)(a)), about fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, July 1995 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink www.spink.com

£150-200

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284 284

Henry VII, ‘regular’ profile issue, Groat, 2.81g, London, m.m. pheon/pheon and crosscrosslet, triple band, legend ends FR’, rev. cross crosslet before POSVI, pheon after MEV (N.1747; S.2258; Potter and Winstanley 5/-; SCBI 23, 828-831; Stewartby p.437, Vb(ii)/(i)(c)), good fine, a very rare mintmark variety

£200-300

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.218

HENRY VIII, 1509-47 First Coinage groats, 1509-26, with portrait of Henry VII, were still struck at the nominal weight introduced in 1464 of 48 grains (= 3.11g). Second Coinage groats, 1526-44, were struck to a new nominal weight of 42 2/3 grains (=2.76g). Third Coinage groats, 1544-51, were at first struck at the same weight as the last coinage but debased from 11oz 2dwt fine, first to 9oz (=75%) fine in 1544, then in 1545 at a reduced weight of 40 grains (=2.59g) to 6oz (=50%) fine, and finally in 1546, still at a weight of 40 grains, to 4oz fine (=33.3%) in 1546. As well as at the Tower a London mint was opened in Southwark; the coins struck there have CIVITAS LONDON on them while the ones struck at the Tower have the traditional POSVI DEVM ADIVTOREM MEVM legend. The mints at Bristol, Canterbury, and York continued to operate.

285

Henry VIII (1509-47), first coinage, 1509-26, Groat, 3.00g, London, m.m. pheon both sides, crowned bust right, numeral VIII, FR’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1762; S.2316; Whitton i, pl. XIII,1; Stewartby p.437, (i)), very fine, very rare with this mintmark

£450-550

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1746 E. Burstal, Glendining, 15 May 1968, lot 141

Page 91

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286 286 (x1.5)

286

Henry VIII, first coinage, 1509-26, Groat, 3.08g, London, m.m. castle both sides, pellet before obverse m.m., crowned bust right, numeral VIII, FR, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1762; S.2316; Whitton ii(2), pl. XIII, 2; Stewartby p.437, (ii) var.), very fine

£250-350

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

287 287

Henry VIII, first coinage, 1509-26, Groat, 2.93g, London, m.m. crowned portcullis both sides, crowned bust right, numeral VIII, FR’, rev. m.m. without chains, long cross fourchée over shield (N.1762; S.2316; Whitton iii(2), pl. XIII, 3; Stewartby p.437(iii)), very fine, scarce

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

288 288

Henry VIII, first coinage, 1509-26, Groat, 2.86g, m.m. crowned portcullis both sides, the obverse showing chains at the sides, the reverse without chains, numeral VIII, pellet before GRA, reads FR’ (N.1762; S.2316; Whitton iii4; Stewartby p.437(iii)), good very fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. M. Rasmussen, 2010 Bonhams auction, October 2005, lot 238

www.spink.com

£300-400

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The Henry VIII First Coinage Tournai Groat These two coins are reminders of Henry VIII’s ambition and his 1513 war with France. After his accession Henry determined to seek glory with an attack on France. Backed by an alliance with Ferdinand of Spain and with the Empire, and voted a war subsidy by parliament, he set out from Calais with a large army on 30 June 1513. This force laid siege to Therouanne, and defeated a French relief force in what became celebrated as ‘the Battle of the Spurs.’ Therouanne fell on 24 August 1513 and was handed to Maximilian who razed it. In September Henry took Tournai after a siege of eight days. The capture of Tournai marked the end of the campaign.

289

289 (x1.5)

289

Henry VIII, first coinage, 1509-26, Groat, 2.89g, Tournai, m.m. crowned T both sides, crowned bust right, HENRIC DI GRA REX FRANC Z ANGLIE, rev. CIVITAS TORNACEN, double saltire stops, long cross fourchée over shield (N.-; S.2317; Stewartby p.437), fine, rare

£1,000-1,500

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1992, item 190 R. Sainthill, Sotheby, 28 April 1870, lot 257

Page 93

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The Henry VIII Gros of Tournai Under English Rule, 1513-18 Tournai was ruled by the English until it was returned to France under the terms of the Treaty of London, negotiated by Cardinal Thomas Wolsey and agreed in 1518, which restored peace between France, England and the Empire.

290

290 (x1.5)

290

Henry VIII, Tournai (under English rule, 1513-18), Gros, 3.38g, 1513, crowned and quartered arms of England and France with a lis to the left and a leopard to the right, HENRIC’ 8. DI.GRA, FRANCIE:ET:ANGLI, REX, rev. H in quatrefoil in centre of cross with lis and leopards in alternate quarters, CIVITAS/TORNA/[CENSIS]/:1:5:1:3 (Hoc, Histoire Monétaire de Tournai, 204-6; Vanhoudt Atlas der Munten van Belgi’, G.418; de Mey Les Monnaies du Tournaisis, 167), very fine, extremely rare PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1990, item 2521 Philippi, Glendining, 8 July 1970, lot 59 H.W. Morrieson, Sotheby, 20 November 1933, lot 225 H. Montagu, Sotheby, 18-22 November 1895, lot 749

www.spink.com

£5,000-6,000

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291 291

292

293

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.77g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust A, lombardic letters except Roman D reversed as letter C, DI G, FRANC, omits Irish title, long cross fourchée over shield, saltire in cross ends (N.1797; S.2337C; Whitton pl. XIII, 8; Stewartby p.471, 1) about very fine, scarce

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1990, item 4296 292

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.45g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust B, Lombardic letters, DI G, FRAC’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, roses in cross ends (N.1797; S.2337B; Whitton pl. 13,6; Stewartby p.471, 1, i;), creased, fine, rare

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 293

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.61g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust B, Lombardic lettering, DI’ G, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337D; Whitton pl. XIII, 8; Stewartby p.471, 1), good fine

£120-160

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

294 294 (x1.5) 294

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.70g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust D, D G, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton pl. XIII, 11; Stewartby p.471, 1), attractive portrait, good very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC September 1996, item 3888

295 295

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.74g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, crosslet in cross ends (N.1797; S.2337E; Stewartby p.471,1), toned, very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 2010, item HS4204 Page 95

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296 296

297

298

297

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.56g, London, m.m. rose both sides, Laker bust A, DI’ G, FRACE, reversed Roman D used for letter C, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, saltires in cross ends (N.1797; S.2337C; Whitton pl. XIII, 8; Stewartby p.471, 1), bold bust, very fine PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 7, 1996, no.206

£180-220

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.43g, London, m.m. lis/rose, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, D G, FRANCE, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton pl. XIII, 12/9; Stewartby p.471, 1), creased, about fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£60-80

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.74g, London, m.m. lis both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, D G, FRANC’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton pl. XIII, 12; Stewartby p.471, 1), a little off-centre, toned, very fine PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£150-200

299 299

298

299 (x1.5)

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.63g, London, m.m. arrow with barbs both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, letter F open fronted, AGL’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton XII, 1; Stewartby p.471, 1), pleasing bust, most attractive portrait, good very fine, rare mintmark variety PROVENANCE: Bt. Spink

£250-350

300 300

www.spink.com

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.49g, London, m.m. arrow both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, AGL’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton (viii), 1; Stewartby p.471, 1), about very fine PROVENANCE: P. Finn, list 6, Winter 1996, no.274

£180-220

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301 301 (x1.5) 301

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.72g, London, m.m. arrow both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, AGLIE, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton viii, 2; Stewartby p.471, 1), good very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

302 (x1.5)

302 302

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.69g, London, m.m. sunburst both sides, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, letter F4, FRA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton pl. XIII, 13, 14; Stewartby p.471, 1), impressive mintmark, very fine

£200-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1992, item 6597

303 303

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.53g, London, m.m. lis/pheon, Laker bust D, Lombardic lettering, FRANCE, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1797; S.2337E; Whitton ix; Stewartby p.471, 1), fine, rare

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Page 97

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304 304 (x1.5) 304

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.45g, London, m.m. pheon both sides, Laker bust D, with Irish title, HIB REX, HENRIC 8, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1798; S.2338; Whitton xii, 2; Stewartby p.471, 1), good fine, very rare

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink The introduction of the reading HIB REX in place of a contraction of DOMINVS HIBERNIE, which had appeared on English coins since the reign of Edward I, is well described in Moody and Martin The Course of Irish History, Cork 1967, p.176.

305 305 (x1.5) 305

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.57g, York, m.m. voided cross both sides (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, FRA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T-W at sides, Cardinal’s hat below, saltire in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton I; Stewartby p.473, 1), toned, a most pleasing example of this issue, good very fine

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Cardinal Thomas Wolseley, who from 1523, was both Archbishop of York and Palatine Bishop of Durham, issued the only coins of the Groat denomination bearing the symbols of an English cleric.

306 306

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.37g, York, m.m. voided cross both sides (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, FRANC’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W at sides, Cardinal’s hat below, nothing in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton I; Stewartby p.473, 1), good fine PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1996, item 736 www.spink.com

£120-150

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307 307

308

309

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.65g, York, m.m. voided cross both sides (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, FRA’C, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W at sides, Cardinal’s hat below, saltires in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton I; Stewartby p.473, 1), a little bent, minor flan split, about fine, rare

£60-80

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn 308

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.13g, York, m.m. voided cross both sides (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, AGL and FRANC, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W omitted, Cardinal’s hat below, saltire in forks (N.1799; S.2340; Whitton (i)(a); Stewartby p.473, 1), good fine, a very rare variety

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

DNW auction, 18 June 2009, lot 87 309

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.65g, York, m.m. voided cross/acorn (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, FRANC, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W by sides, Cardinal’s hat below, saltire in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton ii; Stewartby p.473, 1), creased and cracked, about fine, a very rare combination of mintmarks

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn

310 310

311

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.73g, York, m.m. acorn/voided cross (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, FRANCE, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W at sides, Cardinal’s hat below, saltire in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton iii; Stewartby p.473, 1), slightly creased, fine to very fine, a very rare combination of mint marks

312

£180-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, September 1995 311

Henry VIII, second coinage, 1526-44, Groat, 2.75g, York, m.m. acorn both sides (Thomas Wolsey, 1526-30), crowned bust right, AGL Z FRANC, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, T–W at sides, Cardinal’s hat below, saltire in forks (N.1799; S.2339; Whitton iv; Stewartby p.473, 1), good fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

SNC September 1991, item 5612 312

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.50g, Tower, m.m. lis both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 1, HENRIC 8, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, annulet in forks (N.1844; S.2369; Whitton A1; Stewartby p.525, (i)), marks on bust, very fine

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6530 Page 99

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313 313 (x1.5) 313

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 2011, item HS4523 Ziegler collection, purchased by Spink, 1947

314 314 (x1.5) 314

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.25g, Tower, m.m. lis both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 1, HENRIC’ 8, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, annulet in forks (N.1844; S.2369; Whitton A2; Stewartby p.526, (i)), a little creased, very fine/nearly very fine

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1996, item 2720

315 315

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.39g, Tower, m.m. lis both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 3, HENRIC 8, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, pellet in annulet in forks (N.1844; S.2370; Whitton 3; Stewartby p.526, (ii), 2), very fine PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.232

www.spink.com

£300-350

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316 316 (x1.5) 316

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.61g, Southwark, no m.m., trefoil stops, mixed Roman and Lombardic letters, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 2, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, small letter S in forks (N.1845; S.2371; Whitton 1; Stewartby p.526, (ii)), superb bust of the old king Henry VIII, weakness in legends, good very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

SNC July/August 1992, item 4204

317 317

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.31g, Bristol, no m.m./WS (ligate), local dies, facing crowned, bearded bust, unclear symbol after REX, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, lis in forks, CIVITAS BRISTOLIE, lis before BRIS and rose after TAS (N.1846; S.2372; Whitton, Bristol 2; Stewartby p.528, 3b), weak in parts but generally very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

318 318 (x1.5) 318

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.33g, Bristol, no m.m./WS (ligate), local dies, facing crowned, bearded bust, rose after REX, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, lis in forks, rose after TAS and lis before BRIS, pellet under third quarter of shield (N.1846; S.2372; Whitton, Bristol 2; Stewartby p.528, 3a/3b), exceptional portrait for a Bristol issue Groat, good very fine, rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Winter 1994/95, no.216

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319 319

320

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.44g, Canterbury, no m.m. either side, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 2, mixed Roman and Lombardic lettering, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, half rosette in the forks, not all visible, no spur visible from the shield to the inner circle (N.1847; S.2373; Whitton, Canterbury (b); Stewartby p.527), good fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1993, item 4306 320

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, a contemporary forgery of a Canterbury Groat, 2.11g, mixed Lombardic and Roman lettering, obverse appears to read FENANTDV [..], unusual, very base, poor

£60-80

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

321

322

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.51g, York, no m.m. either side, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 2, Lombardic lettering, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, trefoil or defective saltire stops, spur from the top right hand corner of the shield to the inner circle, nothing in forks (N.1848; S.2374; Whitton p.311, (b); Stewartby p.527, ii (b)), bold portrait of the old king Henry VIII, very fine, rare

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1994, no.360 322

Henry VIII, third coinage, 1544-47, Groat, 2.30g, York, no m.m. either side, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 3, trefoil stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, spur from left of shield to inner circle (N.1848; S.2374; Whitton, York (a); Stewartby p.527, ii (b)), good fine, rare PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1990, item 5998

www.spink.com

£150-200

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October 6, 2011 - London

EDWARD VI 1547-53, COINAGE STRUCK IN NAME OF HENRY VIII, 1547-51 The third coinage of Henry VIII was continued under his successor, Edward VI. This is sometimes referred to as the Henry VIII posthumous coinage but more correctly is the coinage of Edward VI. Coins were struck at the Tower, Southwark, Durham House, Canterbury, York and Bristol mints. William Sharington was made under-treasurer of the Bristol mint in 1546. He was succeeded by Thomas Chamberlain in 1549. Groats under the reign of Edward VI were struck in 4oz (0.333 fine) silver at a nominal weight of 40 grains (2.59g).

323 323

324

Edward VI (1547-53), coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.54g, Tower, m.m. arrow both sides, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 4, lozenge stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, crescent in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (b) 2; Stewartby p.526, (iv)), weak on head, very fine, rare

£300-350

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1990, item 5999 R. Carlyon-Britton, Sotheby, 17 October 1921, lot 177 (part) H.C. Dangar, Glendining, 15 April 1953, lot 292 324

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.32g, Tower, m.m. lis both sides, Lombardic letters both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 4, lozenge stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, pellet in annulet in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton B.6 (Henry VIII); Stewartby p.526, (iv)), weakly struck in places, about very fine, rare

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1757 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

325 325 (x1.5)

325

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.36g, Tower, m.m. K on obverse only, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, Roman lettering both sides, lozenge stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, crescent in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (c), 2; Stewartby p.526, (iv)), pleasing bust, very fine

£350-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1759

Page 103

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326 326

327

328

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.61g, Tower, m.m. grapple on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (d); Stewartby p.526, (vi)) good fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 327

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.53g, Tower, m.m. grapple on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (d); Stewartby p.526, (vi)), weakly struck, fine

£100-150

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Summer 1994, no.240 328

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.44g, Tower, m.m. martlet facing right on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing, crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (e); Stewartby p.526, (vi)), good fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1758

329 329

330

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.66g, Tower, m.m. lis on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1871; S.2403; Whitton (f); Stewartby p.526, (vi)), good fine

331

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC September 1997, item 4069 330

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.63g, Southwark, m.m. E on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1872; S.2404; Whitton 2(f); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), good fine

£150-200

PROVENANCE:

SNC July/August 1991, item 4691 R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61 331

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.60g, Southwark, m.m. E on reverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, saltire stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, annulet or crescent in forks (N.1872; S.2404; Whitton 2(f); Stewartby p.527, (v)), small striking split at 10 o’clock, about fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, June 1995 www.spink.com

£80-100

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332 332

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.04g, Southwark, no m.m., Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1872; S.2404; Whitton 3(b); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), striking split in flan at 5 o’clock, weak on bust, about fine, very rare

£100-120

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1994, no.358

333 333 (x1.5) 333

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.57g, Durham House, m.m. bow both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, Roman lettering and saltire stops both sides, rev. REDDE/CVQVE/QVODS/VVM/EST, long cross fourchée over shield, crescent in forks (N.1873; S.2405; Whitton p.310; Stewartby p.528), full coin, fine, rare

£150-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, December 2009

334

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.55g, Durham House, m.m. bow both sides, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops on obverse, saltire stops on reverse, rev. REDDI/CVQVE/QVOD S/VVM EST, long cross fourchée over shield, crescent in forks (N.1873; S.2405; Whitton p.310; Stewartby p.528), split in flan at 11 o’clock, weak on bust, fair to fine, rare

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 215

Page 105

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335 335 (x1.5) 335

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.30g, Bristol, local dies, m.m. WS (ligate) on reverse only, Lombardic lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 2, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose after TAS, annulet in forks, colon after BRIS/TOLIE (N.1874; S.2406; Whitton p.322, 1; Stewartby p.527, 1a), small flan split at 8 o’clock, weak on legend under bust, very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

336 336 (x1.5) 336

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.30g, Bristol, local dies, m.m. TC (ligate) on reverse only, Lombardic lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 2, nothing after REX, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose after TAS (N.1874; S.2407; Whitton p.322, 2; Stewartby p.528, 4), very fine, very rare

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1994, item 6500

337 337

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.17g, Canterbury, no m.m., Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 5, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1875; S.2408; Whitton p.311, (e); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), flan split at 3 o’clock, about fine PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn, February 1998 www.spink.com

£60-80

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338 338

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.40g, Canterbury, no m.m., Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1875; S.2408; Whitton p.311, (e); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), very fine

£250-300

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

339 339 (x1.5) 339

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.17g, Canterbury, m.m. rose on obverse only, Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1875; S.2408; Whitton p.311, (f); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), a little bent, fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

340 340

341

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.25g, York, m.m. lis on reverse only, Roman lettering on obverse, Lombardic lettering on reverse, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 4, pellet stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, nothing in forks, spur from top right hand corner of shield to inner circle (N.1876; S.2409; Whitton p.311, (c); Stewartby p.527, (ii)b), very rare, weak on bust, nearly very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1994, no.359 341

Edward VI, coinage in name of Henry VIII, 1547-51, Groat, 2.32g, York, no m.m., Roman lettering both sides, facing crowned, bearded bust, bust 6, pellet stops, ampersand for Z, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, rose in forks (N.1876; S.2409; Whitton p.311, (e); Stewartby p.527, (vi)), weak on bust, about fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

SNC July/August 1991, item 4962 Page 107

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

EDWARD VI, COINAGE STRUCK IN HIS OWN NAME

342 342

Edward VI (1547-53), coinage in his own name, Apr. 1547-Jan. 1549, Groat, 2.44g, Tower, m.m. arrow both sides, crowned bust to right, reads EDWARD:6, small rectangle stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1897; S.2454; Whitton p.309, (b)1; Stewartby p.526), small flan split at 3 o’clock, good fine, rare

£800-1,000

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6531

343 343 (x1.5) 343

Edward VI, coinage in his own name, Apr. 1547-Jan. 1549, Groat, 2.69g, Southwark, m.m. E on reverse only, crowned bust to right, EDWARD:6, small, hollow rectangle stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, crescent in forks (N.1898; S.2456; Whitton p.310, 2(a); Stewartby p.526), weak on head, otherwise very fine, very rare

£1,800-2,200

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1990, item 1760 Norweb, Spink auction 59, 17 June 1987, lot 1381

344

Edward VI, coinage in his own name, Apr. 1547-Jan. 1549, Groat, 1.76g, Southwark, no m.m., crowned bust to right, reads EDWARD’ 6, small hollow rectangles stops, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, S in forks (N.1898; S.2456; Whitton p.310, 3(a); Stewartby p.526, variety without m.m.), severely chipped at 5 o’clock, fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Winter/Spring 1994, no.222

www.spink.com

£600-800

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MARY, 1553-54 All the coins of Mary were struck at the Tower mint, London where striking in 0.925 fine silver had recommenced in 1551. The nominal weight of the Groat was now 31 grains (2.01g).

345 345

Mary (sole rule, 1553-54), Groat, 1.91g, m.m. pomegranate on the reverse only after VERITAS, Lombardic letters both sides, crowned bust left, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1960; S.2492), good very fine, virtually as struck

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

R. Carlyon-Britton collection, purchased by Seaby, 1960-61

346 346 (x1.5)

346

Mary, Groat, 2.12g, m.m. pomegranate after MARIA, after VERITAS on reverse, Lombardic letters both sides, crowned bust left, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1960; S.2492), good very fine, virtually as struck

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1959, item 308

347 347

Mary, Groat, 2.12g, m.m. pomegranate after MARIA, after VERITAS on reverse, Lombardic letters both sides, crowned bust left, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1960; S.2492), good very fine

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

SNC July 1996, item 3380

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

PHILIP AND MARY, 1554-58 All the coins of Philip and Mary were struck at the Tower mint, London.

348 348

349

Philip and Mary (1554-58), Groat, 2.09g, m.m. lis both sides, Roman letters both sides, crowned bust left, ET.REGINA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1973; S.2508), a little bent but very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC June 1996, item 2723 349

Philip and Mary, Groat, 2.22g, m.m. lis both sides, Roman letters both sides, crowned bust left, Z.REGINA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1973; S.2508), a little scuffed on bust, good very fine

£400-500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn

350 350

351

Philip and Mary, Groat, 1.95g, m.m. lis both sides, Roman letters both sides, crowned bust left, Z.REGI, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, NOS (N.1973; S.2508), very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 351

Philip and Mary, Groat, 2.08g, m.m. lis both sides, Roman letters both sides, crowned bust left, Z.REG, rev. long cross fourchée over shield, NO (N.1973; S.2508), mark on head, very fine

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

352 352 (x1.5) 352

Philip and Mary, Groat, 2.04g, m.m. lis both sides, Roman letters both sides, crowned bust left, .Z.REGI., rev. long cross fourchée over shield, NO (N.1973; S.2508), very fine PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1994, item 1856 www.spink.com

£450-550

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ELIZABETH I, 1558-1603 All the coins of Elizabeth I were struck at the Tower mint, London. The only groats struck were during the first two coinages (1559-61) and during Mestrelle’s milled coinage that was introduced in 1561. Fineness and weight was as under Mary.

353 353

354

355

Elizabeth I (1558-1603), first coinage, 1559-60, Groat, 1.70g, m.m. lis both sides, wireline inner circles, crowned bust left, RE:, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986; S.2550; Brown and Comber bust 1F), edge a little damaged at 2 o’clock, very fine, rare

£450-550

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Winter 1994/95, no.236 354

Elizabeth I, first coinage, 1559-60, Groat, 2.04g, m.m. lis both sides, wire-line inner circles, crowned bust left, REG’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986; S.2550; Brown and Comber bust 1F), marks in obverse field, fine

£100-130

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1994, item 229 355

Elizabeth I, first coinage, 1559-60, Groat, 1.94g, m.m. lis both sides, beaded inner circles with wire-line inside, crowned bust left, REGI’, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986; S.2551; Brown and Comber bust 1F), slightly bent, very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1996, item 1507

356 356

357

Elizabeth I, first coinage, 1559-60, Groat, 1.90g, m.m. lis both sides, beaded inner circle without wire-line, very small bust, crowned left, said to be from a punch for a Halfgroat, REGI’: rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986 var.; S.2551A; Brown and Comber bust 1G), edge chipped at 10 o’clock, obverse scratched, good fine, rare

358

£300-400

PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6543 Dr. E. Burstal, Glendining, 15 May 1968, lot 179 (part) 357

Elizabeth I, second coinage, 1560-61, Groat, 1.88g, m.m. martlet both sides, crowned bust left, beaded inner circles with wire line inside, REGINA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986; S.2556; Brown and Comber bust 1F), very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink 358

Elizabeth I, second coinage, 1560-61, Groat, 1.95g, m.m. cross-crosslet both sides, crowned bust left, beaded inner circle with wire-line inside, REGINA, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.1986; S.2556; Brown and Comber bust 1F), very fine

£200-250

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1990, item 2534 Page 111

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

359 359 (x1.5) 359

Elizabeth I, milled coinage, 1561-71, Groat, 1.91g, m.m. star, bust A, rev. long cross fourchée over shield (N.2032; S.2601), a little creased, good very fine, very rare

£600-700

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

360 360 (x1.5) 360

Elizabeth I, Pattern Groat, 3.89g, struck in silver, 1601, crowned facing bust of Queen wearing a ruff and a rich robe, legend VNVM.A.DEO.DVOBVS.SVSTIEO (flower), rev. crowned monogram of Elizabeth, date either side, AFFLICTORVM.CONSERVATRIX (Peck 8; N.2050), extremely fine, very rare, less common than the cast version (see next lot)

£1,000-1,500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, 1994 Examples of this coin are known in gold, silver and copper. It has sometimes been described as a pattern Penny, Halfgroat, or Groat. In fact, it is not certain what denomination it was supposed to be or even if it was intended as a medallet or a casting counter.

361 361 (x1.5) 361

Elizabeth I, Pattern Groat, 3.61g, cast in silver, 1601, crowned facing bust of Queen wearing a ruff and a rich robe, legend VNVM.A.DEO.DVOBVS.SVSTIEO (flower), rev. crowned monogram of Elizabeth, date either side, AFFLICTORVM.CONSERVATRIX (Peck 8; N.2050), good very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

SNC October 1991, item 6548 www.spink.com

£800-1,000

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CHARLES I, 1625-49 Civil War coinages. These were nominally struck at a weight of 31 grains (2.01g) to the groat and at a fineness of 0.925. Thomas Bushell’s mint at Aberystwyth (1638/9-42), Oxford mint (1642-46), Aberystwyth-Dovey Furnace (1648-49), Bristol mint (1643-5), Ashby-de-la-Zouche (?) mint (1645), Unattested Royalist mint, possibly Bridgnorth-on-Severn (1646), Exeter mint (1643-46), “W” or “SA” and mint Patterns, all represented here.

362 362

Charles I (1625-49) Civil War coinages, Thomas Bushell’s mint at Aberystwyth, 1638/9-42, Groat, 2.03g, m.m. book on reverse only, crowned large bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. plume above oval garnished shield (N.2337; S.2891; Morrieson Type 1, obv. A, rev. 1; Brooker 760-3), the obverse mintmark looks to have been scraped away, otherwise very fine

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Bt. P. Finn

363 363

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Thomas Bushell’s mint at Aberystwyth, 1638/9-42, Groat, 2.07g, m.m. book both sides, crowned small bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. plume over oval garnished shield (N.2338; S.2892; Morrieson Type 2, obv. B, rev. 3; Brooker 771) good very fine

£180-220

364 364 (x1.5) 364

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Thomas Bushell’s mint at Aberystwyth, 1638/9-42, Groat, 2.03g, m.m. book both sides, crowned small bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. plume over oval garnished shield (N.2338; S.2893; Morrieson Type 2, obv. A, rev. 1; Brooker 764-70) good very fine

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

SNC May 1990, item 2546 Page 113

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

365 365 (x1.5) 365

Charles I, Civil War coinages, 1642-46, Groat, 1.96g, a mule of Aberystwyth and Oxford types, m.m. book on obverse, lozenge between pellets on reverse, crowned large bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration beneath Shrewsbury plume between two lis and below the date, .1644. and, .OX. (N.2461; S.2983; Morrieson obv. A, rev.1; Brooker -), fine, rare

£180-220

PROVENANCE:

P. Finn list, Spring 1995, no.383

366 366 (x1.5) 366

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.78g, m.m. floriated cross/lozenge(?), crowned bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration beneath Shrewsbury plume between two lis and, below, the date, .1644. and, .OX. (N.2462/1/2461; S.2985; Morrieson obv. B, rev.1; Brooker 956), very fine

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink

367 367 (x1.5)

367

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-6, Groat, 1.73g, m.m. floriated cross/two pellets, crowned bust to left, a plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration beneath three plumes and below the date, 1644 and, OX (N.2462/2; S.2985A; Morrieson obv. B, rev. 2; Brooker 957), very rare, very fine PROVENANCE:

SNC March 1993, item 1051

www.spink.com

£500-700

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368 368 (x1.5) 368

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.84g, m.m. lis on obverse only, large crowned bust to left, no plume, mark of value behind head, rev. Declaration beneath plume flanked by two lis and, below, the date .1644. and .OX. (N.2464; S.2986; Morrieson obv. C, rev. 2; Brooker -), pleasing portrait, very fine, rare

£600-800

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 226

369 369 (x1.5) 369

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 2.09g, no m.m., legend starts at bottom left, large crowned bust to edge of coin, no inner circle, R below bust (Rawlins die), rev. Declaration beneath three lis and, below, date, .1644. and, .OX. (N.2467; S.2989; Morrieson F-2; Brooker -), lightly double-struck on obverse, very fine, rare

£600-800

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, June 1995 R.C. Lockett, Glendining, 11-17 October 1956, lot 1474 (part)

370 370 (x1.5) 370

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.74g, no m.m., legend starts at bottom left, large crowned bust left which descends to the edge of the coin, mark of value behind, rev. Declaration in cartouche at the apex of which is an O containing an X beneath a plume and, below, the date 1645 (N.2465/-; S.2988; Morrieson obv. D, rev. 2; Brooker -), a little creased, good very fine, rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 227 Page 115

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

371 371 (x1.5) 371

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.69g, no m.m., legend starts at bottom left, large crowned bust to edge of coin, no inner circles, .R. below bust (Rawlins die), rev. Declaration in cartouche with lion’s head beneath plume at the top and, below, the date .1645. (N.2468; S.2989; Morrieson C (1644 obv. F)-2; Brooker -), good fine, rare

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 107, 22 November 1994, lot 159 (part)

372 372 (x1.5( 372

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.85g, no m.m., legend starts at bottom left, large crowned bust to edge of coin, no inner circles, traces of letter R below bust (Rawlins die), rev. Declaration in cartouche with lion’s head beneath plume at top and, below, the date, 1646 (N.2468; S.2991; Morrieson A (1644 obv.F)-1; Brooker 960), creased, about fine, rare

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

SNC April 1993, item 1824

373

373 (x1.5)

373

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Oxford, 1642-46, Groat, 1.85g, no m.m., legend starts at bottom left, large crowned bust to edge of coin, no inner circle on obverse or reverse, R below bust (Rawlins die), rev. Declaration in cartouche with lion’s head beneath plume at top and below, the date, 1646 the last 6 being struck over a 5 (N.2468; S.2991; Morrieson A (1644 obv. F)-1; Brooker 960), good very fine, rare PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 117, 19 November 1996, lot 339 www.spink.com

£700-900

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374 374 (x1.5) 374

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Bristol, 1643-5, Groat, 1.73g, m.m. pellet both sides, crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration below three plumes, date below, 1644 (N.2505; S.3022; Brooker 1003 -this coin), creased, fine/fair, scarce

£120-150

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 96, 31 March 1993, lot 157 Brooker collection, purchased by Spink, 1980 Ashley collection

375 375 (x1.5) 375

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Bristol, 1643-5, Groat, 1.88g, m.m. pellet both sides, crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration below three plumes, date below, 1644 and BR (ligate) (N.2506; S.3023; Brooker 1002), good very fine, scarce

£600-700

PROVENANCE:

SNC February 1991, item 299 Dupree collection, purchased by Spink

376 376 (x1.5)

376

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Exeter, 1643-46, Groat, 1.65g, m.m. rose both sides, crowned bust to left with mark of value behind, 1644 at the start of the legend, rev. oval, garnished, shield (N.2579; S.3088; Brooker 1071), good very fine, scarce

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink Page 117

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

377

377 (x1.5) 377

Charles I, Civil War coinages, ‘W’ or ‘SA’ mint, Groat, 2.04g, m.m. lis over rose/helmet, crude crowned bust to left with mark of value behind. rev. oval garnished shield (N.2622; S.3116; Brooker 1176), toned, very fine, rare

£1,200-1,500

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin

378

378 (x1.5)

378

Charles I, Civil War coinages, ‘W’ or ‘SA’ mint, Groat, 1.87g, m.m. rose/helmet, crude crowned bust to left with mark of value behind, rev. oval garnished shield (N.2623; S.3116; Brooker 1176), good fine, rare PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, 13 December 1995

www.spink.com

£700-900

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379 379

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Ashby-de-la-Zouche(?), 1645, Groat, 1.87g, m.m. A, (on its side) on reverse (?), crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration below three plumes, date below, 1645 (N.2524; S.3034; Morrieson A-1; Brooker 1122 - this coin), creased and cracked, about fine, apparently no other example recorded, extremely rare

£500-700

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 96, 31 March 1993, lot 159 Brooker collection, purchased by Spink, 1980 Dr. E. Burstal, Glendining, 15 May 1968, lot 401 V.J.E. Ryan, 22-24 January, 1952, lot 1217 H.W. Morrieson, Sotheby, 20 November 1933, lot 656 H.A. Parsons, Sotheby, 28 October 1929, lot 576 The mint mark has also been attributed to Lundy Island and Appledore. The current attribution is that suggested by Mr Boon.

380 380 (x1.5) 380

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Unattested Royalist mint, possibly Bridgnorth-on-Severn, 1646, Groat, 1.85g, m.m. plumelet/uncertain, crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration in cartouche below three plumes, date below, 1646 (N.2525; S.3042; Brooker 1133), good very fine, scarce

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1992, item 6627 H.R. Mossop, Glendining, 6 November 1991, lot 540

381 381 (x1.5) 381

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Unattested Royalist mint, possibly Bridgnorth-on-Severn, 1646, Groat, 1.94g, m.m. plumelet/pellet, crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. Declaration in cartouche below three plumes, date below, 1646 (N.2525; S.3042; Brooker 1133), flan broken outside legend, very fine, scarce

£350-450

PROVENANCE:

Ridgemount, Spink auction 69, 20 April 1989, lot 202 A.E. Bagnall, portions of collection acquired by Spink in 1952 and 1964 H.A. Parsons, Sotheby, 28 October 1929, lot 478 Page 119

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The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

382 382 (x1.5) 382

Charles I, Civil War coinages, Aberystwyth-Dovey Furnace, 1648-49, Groat, 2.01g, m.m. crown both sides, small crowned bust to left with small plume before and mark of value behind, rev. oval, garnished shield beneath large plume with bands (N.2354; S.2911; Brooker 790), weak on head, very fine, rare

£500-600

PROVENANCE:

SNC December 1992, item 5991

383 383 (x1.5) 383

Charles I, milled pattern Groat, 1.88g, 1634, no m.m., crowned bust to left with rose and .IIII/.D. behind, rev. square-topped shield over long cross with date above (N.2678), extremely fine, rare

£600-700

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Baldwin, July 1995

384 384 (x1.5) 384

Charles I, pattern Groat, 1.78g, m.m. bell both sides, crowned bust to left, no marks in field, rev. oval garnished shield (N.2701; Brooker 1266), very fine, very rare PROVENANCE:

SNC November 1996, item 5307

www.spink.com

£400-500

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CHARLES II, 1660-85 Third hammered issue. Standards of weight and fineness were the same as those of Charles I. The English Hammered Groat series came to an end in 1662.

385

386

Charles II (1660-85), hammered coinage, 1660-62, third issue, Groat, 2.04g, m.m. crown/crown, crowned bust to left, crown breaking inner circle, with mark of value behind, rev. square-topped shield on long cross (N.2768; S.3324), very fine

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

Bt. Spink, 1993 386

Charles II, hammered coinage, 1660-62, third issue, Groat, 1.98g, m.m. crown/crown, crowned bust to left, crown not breaking inner circle, with mark of value behind, rev. square-topped shield on long cross (N.2768; S.3324), very fine

£80-100

PROVENANCE:

Spink auction 207, 23-24 March 2011, lot 214

387

Charles II, hammered coinage, 1660-62, third issue, undated Maundy set, 4d., 3d., 2d., and 1d (N.2768, 2769, 2772, 2775; S.3324-27), toned, extremely fine (4)

£300-350

END OF THE SALE

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You can also bid real time on Spinklive. Just visit www.spink.com to register

The

Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

Written Bids Form This form should be sent or faxed to be received by Spink Commission Bids Office in advance of the sale. References should be supplied in good time to be taken up before the sale. Bids received later than one hour before the start of the sale may not be processed.

69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET Tel: (020) 7563 4020/4005 Fax: (020) 7563 4037

the colin adams collection of british pennies, other englISh coins, foreign coins 6 October 2011 • London medals and commemorative LONDON, THURSDAY 10 JULY 2003

Sale Title

Date

Code Name

Sale No.

The Frank Brady Collection of English Hammered Groats

Thursday 6 October 2011 at 10.00 a.m.

BRADY

11039

I request Spink, without legal obligations of any kind on its part, to bid on the following Lots up to the price given below. I understand that if my bid is successful the Purchase Price payable will be the sum of the final bid and a Premium at the Rates of Premium as a percentage of the final bid (together with any VAT chargeable on the final bid and the Premium). The Rate of Premium is 20% of the final hammer price of each lot; VAT is chargeable on the purchase price of daggered (†) and (Ω) lots at the standard rate (currently 20%), and on lots marked (x) at the reduced rate (currently 5% on the hammer and 20% on the premium). VAT on Margin Scheme lots is payable at 20% on the premium only. All bids shall be treated as offers made on the Terms and Conditions of Buyers printed in the catalogue. I also understand that Spink provides the service of executing bids on behalf of clients for the convenience of clients and that Spink will not be held responsible for failing to execute bids. If identical commission bids are received for the same Lot, the commission bid received first by Spink will take precedence. Please note that you will not be notified if there are higher written bids received. If you require such notification then this is available on bids made via Spink’s online service.

PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY IN BLOCK LETTERS AND ENSURE THAT BIDS ARE IN STERLING Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)

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Lot Number (in numerical order)

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Lot Number (in numerical order)

Please note that the Buyer’s Premium is 20% of the final hammer price of each lot

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11039 Coin pages:Layout 1

Client Number (if known): ................................................Name: ..................................................................................... (Invoice name, please print) Address: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................Postcode: ................................................... Tel. (Home): .................................................................................(Office): ............................................................................................... Fax: ................................................................................................E-mail: ................................................................................................. Signature: ...................................................................................... Please indicate the type of card:

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Please charge all purchases to my card Do not charge my card. I will arrange to send payment. (Spink will only charge your card should you default on the payment terms agreed) Please hold my purchased lots for collection

Continued...

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Sale No. 11039

Date: Thursday 6 October 2011

PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY IN BLOCK LETTERS AND ENSURE THAT BIDS ARE IN STERLING Lot Number (in numerical order)

Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)

Lot Number (in numerical order)

Price Bid £ (excluding Buyer’s Premium)

Lot Number (in numerical order)

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References required for clients not yet known to Spink Bank Name: ..................................................................................................................... Bank Address: ................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................... Postcode: ................................................ Account Number: ........................................................................................................................... Date: ..............................................................................................................................................

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR BUYERS These conditions set out the terms on which we (Spink and Son Limited of 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury London WC1B 4ET (company no. 04369748)) contract with you (Buyer) either as agent on behalf of the Seller or as principal if we are the Seller. You should read these conditions carefully. 1

DEFINITIONS The following definitions in this condition apply in these conditions.

Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme

means a VAT margin scheme as defined by HM Revenue & Customs;

Buyer’s Premium

means the charge payable by you as a percentage of the Hammer Price, at the rates set out in clause 5.1 below;

Certificate of Authenticity

means a certificate issued by an Expert Committee confirming the authenticity of a Lot;

Expert Committee

means a committee of experts to whom a Lot may be sent for an extension in accordance with clause 3.4.3;

Forgery

means a Lot constituting an imitation originally conceived and executed as a whole with a fraudulent intention to deceive as to authorship, origin, age, period, culture or source where the correct description as to such matters is not reflected by the description in the catalogue and which at the date of the auction had a value materially less than it would have had if it had been in accordance with the description in the catalogue. Accordingly, no Lot shall be capable of being a Forgery by reason of any damage and/or restoration work of any kind (including re-enamelling);

Hammer Price

means the amount of the highest bid accepted by the auctioneer in relation to a Lot;

Lot

means any item deposited with us for sale at auction and, in particular, the item or items described against any Lot number in any catalogue;

Reserve

the amount below which we agree with the Seller that the Lot cannot be sold;

Seller

means the owner of the Lot being sold by us;

Spink Group

Spink and Son Limited, our subsidiaries and associated companies.

VAT

value added tax chargeable under VAT and any similar replacement or additional tax; and

VAT Symbols

means the symbols detailing the VAT status of the Lot details of which are set out at the back of the catalogue.

SPINK’S ROLE AS AGENT 2.1

All sales undertaken by us either at auction or privately are undertaken either as agent on behalf of the Seller or from time to time, as principal if we are the owner of the Lot. Please note that even if we are acting as agent on behalf of the Seller rather than as principal, we may have a financial interest in the Lot.

2.2

The contract for the sale of the Lot will be between you and the Seller.

the first session of the sale. If accepted by us, such request shall have the same effect as notice of an intention to question the genuineness or description of the Lot for the purposes of clause 5.13 (Refund in the case of Forgery) of these Terms and Conditions and the provisions of clause 5.13 (Refund in the case of Forgery) shall apply accordingly. 3.4.2 Notice of a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity must give the reason why such opinion is required and specify the identity of your proposed expert which will be subject to agreement by us. We reserve the right, at our discretion, to refuse a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity including (without limitation) where the proposed expert is not known to us.

BEFORE THE SALE 3.1

3.2

Examination of goods You are strongly advised to examine personally any goods in which you are interested, before the auction takes place. Condition reports are usually available on request. We provide no guarantee to you other than in relation to Forgeries, as set out in clause 5.13 of these Terms and Conditions.

3.4.3 If we accept a request for an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity we will submit the Lot to the Expert Committee. You acknowledge and accept that the length of time taken by an Expert Committee to reach an opinion will vary depending on the circumstances and in any event is beyond our control.

Catalogue descriptions 3.2.1 Statements by us in the catalogue or condition report, or made orally or in writing elsewhere, regarding the authorship, origin, date, age, size, medium, attribution, genuineness, provenance, condition or estimated selling price of any Lot are merely statements of opinion, and are not to be relied on as statements of definitive fact. Catalogue illustrations are for guidance only, and should not be relied on either to determine the tone or colour of any item or to reveal imperfections. Estimates of the selling price should not be relied on as a statement that this price is either the price at which the Lot will sell or its value for any other purpose. 3.2.2 Many items are of an age or nature which precludes their being in perfect condition and some descriptions in the catalogue or given by way of condition report make reference to damage and/or restoration. We provide this information for guidance only and the absence of such a reference does not imply that an item is free from defects or restoration nor does a reference to particular defects imply the absence of any others. 3.2.3 Other than as set out in clause 5.13, and in the absence of fraud, neither the Seller nor we, nor any of our employees or agents, are responsible for the correctness of any statement as to the authorship, origin, date, age, attribution, genuineness or provenance of any Lot nor for any other errors of description or for any faults or defects in any Lot.

3.3

3.4

Your Responsibility You are responsible for satisfying yourself as to the condition of the goods and the matters referred to in the catalogue description. Extensions – Stamps only 3.4.1 If you wish to obtain an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity on any Lot (other than a mixed Lot or Lot containing undescribed stamps) you must notify us in writing not less than forty-eight hours before the time fixed for the commencement of

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3.4.4 We will not normally accept a request for an extension on account of condition. Any Lot described in the catalogue as having faults or defects may not be returned even if an expert opinion or Certificate of Authenticity cites other faults or defects not included in the catalogue description, other than in the case of a Forgery. 3.4.5 Should Spink accept a request for an extension under the foregoing provisions of this paragraph, the fact may be stated by the Auctioneer from the rostrum prior to the sale of the Lot. 3.4.6 It should be noted that any stamp accompanied by a Certificate of Authenticity is sold on the basis of that Certificate only and not on the basis of any other description or warranty as to authenticity. No request for an extension will be accepted on such a stamp and the return of such a stamp will not be accepted. 4

AT THE SALE 4.1

Refusal of admission Our sales usually take place on our own premises or premises over which we have control for the sale, and we have the right, exercisable at our complete discretion, to refuse admission to the premises or attendance at an auction.

4.2

Registration before bidding You must complete and sign a registration form and provide identification before making a bid at auction. Please be aware that we usually require buyers to undergo a credit check. Some lots may be designated, prior to the auction, as “Premium Lots”, which means a deposit may be required before placing a bid on the item for sale. Information will be posted on our website in such an event.

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4.3

4.4

4.5

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Bidding as Principal When making a bid (whether such bids are made in person or by way of telephone bids operated by Spink, commission or online or email bids), you will be deemed to be acting as principal and will be accepting personal liability, unless it has been agreed in writing, at the time of registration, that you are acting as agent on behalf of a third party buyer acceptable to us. Commission Bids If you give us instructions to bid on your behalf, by using the form provided in our catalogues or via our website, we shall use reasonable endeavours to do so, provided these instructions are received not later than 24 hours before the auction. If we receive commission bids on a particular Lot for identical amounts, and at auction these bids are the highest bids for the Lot, it will be sold to the person whose bid was received first. Commission bids are undertaken subject to other commitments at the time of the sale, and the conduct of the auction may be such that we are unable to bid as requested. Since this is undertaken as a free service to prospective buyers on the terms stated, we cannot accept liability for failure to make a commission bid. You should therefore always attend personally if you wish to be certain of bidding. On-line Bidding We offer internet services as a convenience to our clients. We will not be responsible for errors or failures to execute bids placed on the internet, including, without limitation, errors or failures caused by (i) a loss of internet connection by either party for whatever reason; (ii) a breakdown or problems with the online bidding software and/or (iii) a breakdown or problems with your internet connection, computer or system. Execution of on-line internet bids is a free service undertaken subject to other commitments at the time of the auction and we do not accept liability for failing to execute an online internet bid or for errors or omissions in connection with this activity.

4.12 Successful Bid Subject to the auctioneer’s discretion, the striking of his hammer marks the acceptance of the highest bid, provided always that such bid is higher than the Reserve (where applicable), and the conclusion of a contract for sale between you and the Seller. 4.13 After Sale Arrangements If you enter into any private sale agreements for any Lot with the Seller within 60 days of the auction, we, as exclusive agents of the Seller reserve the right to charge you the applicable Buyer’s Premium in accordance with these Terms and Conditions, and the Seller a commission in accordance with the terms of the Seller’s agreement. 4.14 Return of Lot In the event that you have received a Lot and wish to return the Lot you must notify us in writing within 7 days of receipt of the Lot, stating the reason for the return. The Lot must then be returned to us within 14 days of receipt, in the same condition as at the auction date. Any such request is subject to our sole discretion. 5

AFTER THE AUCTION 5.1 Buyer’s Premium In addition to the hammer price, you must pay us the Buyer’s Premium of 20% on the final hammer price of each Lot. 5.2

Value Added Tax Other than in respect of Zero-rated Lots (o) (see VAT Symbols for details), VAT is payable on the Buyer’s Premium and on the Hammer Price, if the Lot has been marked with a sign to that effect in the catalogue (see VAT Symbols for details).

5.3

VAT Refunds General 5.3.1 As we remain liable to account for VAT on all Lots unless they have been exported outside the EU within 3 months of the date of sale, you will generally be asked to deposit all amounts of VAT invoiced. However, if a Spink nominated shipper is instructed, then any refundable VAT will not be collected. In all other cases credits will be made when proof of export is provided. If you export the Lot yourself you must obtain shipping documents from the Shipping Department for which a charge of £50 will be made.

4.6

Telephone Bids If you make arrangements with us not less than 24 hours before the sale, we shall use reasonable endeavours to contact you to enable you to participate in bidding by telephone, but in no circumstances will we be liable to either the Seller or you as a result of failure to do so.

4.7

Currency Converter At some auctions, a currency converter will be operated, based on the one month forward rates of exchange quoted to us by Barclays Bank Plc or any other appropriate rate determined by us, at opening on the date of the auction. Bidding will take place in a currency determined by us, which is usually sterling for auctions held in London. The currency converter is not always reliable, and errors may occur beyond our control either in the accuracy of the Lot number displayed on the converter, or the foreign currency equivalent of sterling bids. We shall not be liable to you for any loss suffered as a result of you following the currency converter.

5.3.2 If you export the Lot you must return the valid proof of export certificate to us within 3 months of the date of sale. If you fail to return the proof of export certificate to us within such period and you have not already accounted to us for the VAT, you will be liable to us for the full amount of the VAT due on such Lot and we shall be entitled to invoice you for this sum.

4.8

Video images At some auctions there will be a video screen. Mistakes may occur in its operation, and we cannot be liable to you regarding either the correspondence of the image to the Lot being sold or the quality of the image as a reproduction of the original.

4.9

Bidding Increments Bidding generally opens below the low estimate and advances in the following order although the auctioneer may vary the bidding increments during the course of the auction. The normal bidding increments are: Up to £100 by £5 £100 to £300 by £10 £300 to £600 £320-£350-£380-£400 etc. £600 to £1,000 by £50 £1,000 to £3,000 by £100 £3,000 to £6,000 £3,200-£3,500-£3,800-£4,000 etc. £6,000 to £20,000 by £500 £20,000 and up Auctioneer’s discretion

VAT Refunds - Buyers from within the EU 5.3.4 VAT refunds are available on the Hammer Price and Buyer’s Premium of Daggered (†) and Investment Gold (g) Lots. You must certify that you are registered for VAT in another EU country and that the Lot is to be removed from the United Kingdom within 3 months of the date of sale. 5.3.5 Where an EU buyer purchases a Lot on which import VAT has been charged, no refund of VAT is available from us. It may be possible to apply directly for a refund on form VAT 65 to HM Revenue & Customs Overeseas Repayment Section, Londonderry.

4.10 Bidding by Spink 4.10.1 We reserve the right to bid on Lots on the Seller’s behalf up to the amount of the Reserve (if any), which will never be above the low estimate printed in the auction catalogue. 4.10.2 The Spink Group reserves the right to bid on and purchase Lots as principal. 4.11 The Auctioneer’s Discretion The auctioneer has the right at his absolute discretion to refuse any bid to advance the bidding in such manner as he may decide to withdraw or divide any Lot, to combine any two or more Lots and, in the case of error or dispute, to put an item up for bidding again. Spink Uni (07/11) (20)

5.3.3 To apply for a refund of any VAT paid, the proof of export certificate must be sent to our Shipping Department clearly marked ‘VAT Refund’ within 3 months of the date of sale. No payment will be made where the total amount of VAT refundable is less than £50 and Spink will charge £50 for each refund processed.

VAT Refunds – Buyers from outside the EU 5.3.6 Where a Lot is included within the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme and evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale, the VAT element included within the Buyer’s Premium may be refunded. 5.3.7 Where the Lot is marked as a Daggered (†) or Investment Gold (g) Lot the VAT charged on the Hammer Price may be refunded where evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale. A refund of VAT charged on the Buyer’s Premium can also be made on receipt of proof of business as a collectibles dealer. 5.3.8 Where the Lot is marked as an Omega (Ω) Lot or an Import VAT (x) Lot and evidence of export from the EU is produced within 3 months of the date of sale, the VAT charged on both the Hammer Price and Buyer’s Premium may be refunded. Where required, we can advise you on how to export such Lots as a specific form of export evidence is required. Where we advise you on the export of the Lots, please be aware that the ultimate responsibility in respect of obtaining a valid proof of export certificate will lie with you and we will not be responsible for your failure to obtain such certificate.

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Payment 5.4.1 You must provide us with your full name and permanent address and, if so requested, details of the bank from which any payments to us will be made. You must pay the full amount due (comprising the Hammer Price, the Buyer’s Premium and any applicable VAT) within seven days after the date of the sale. This applies even if you wish to export the Lot and an export licence is (or may be) required. 5.4.2 You will not acquire title to the Lot until all amounts due to us have been paid in full to us, even in circumstances where we have released the Lot to you. 5.4.3 Payment should be made in sterling by one of the following methods: II(i) Direct bank transfer to our account details of which are set out on the invoice. All bank charges shall be met by you. Please ensure that your client number is noted on the transfer. i(ii) By cheque or bank draft made payable to Spink and Son Ltd and sent to Spink at 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 4ET. Please note that the processing charges for payments made by cheques or bank drafts drawn on a non-U.K bank shall be met by you. Please ensure that the remittance slip printed at the bottom of the invoice is enclosed with your payment. (iii) By Visa or Mastercard. A charge of 2% will be applied. Payments exceeding £5,000 can normally only be made by the card holder in person whilst on our premises. 5.4.4 Payments should be made by the registered buyer and not by third parties, unless it has been agreed at the time of registration that you are acting as an agent on behalf of a third party. 5.5 Invoices Invoices may consist of one or more pages and will show: Zero rated Lots (o); no symbol Lots sold under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme; Lots marked (g) special scheme Investment Gold; Daggered Lots (†), imported Lots marked (x) and (Ω), (e) Lots with Zero rated hammer for EU VAT registered buyers. 5.6 Collection of Purchases 5.6.1 Unless we specifically agree to the contrary, we shall retain items sold until all amounts due to us, or to the Spink Group, have been paid in full. 5.6.2 Unless we notify you to the contrary, items retained by us will be covered in accordance with our policy which is available for inspection at our offices from the date of sale for a period of seven days or until the time of collection, whichever is sooner. After seven days or from the time of collection, whichever is the earlier, the Lot will be entirely at your risk. 5.6.3 Our policy will not cover and we are unable to accept responsibility for damage caused by woodworm, changes in atmospheric conditions or acts of terrorism. 5.7 Notification We are not able to notify successful bidders by telephone. While Invoices are sent out by mail after the auction we do not accept responsibility for notifying you of the result of your bid. You are requested to contact us by telephone or in person as soon as possible after the auction to obtain details of the outcome of your bids to avoid incurring charges for late payment. 5.8 Packing and handling 5.8.1 We shall use all reasonable endeavours to take care when handling and packing a purchased Lot but remind you that after seven days or from the time of collection, whichever is sooner, the Lot is entirely at your risk. Our postage charges are set out at the back of the catalogue. 5.8.2 It is the responsibility of the Buyer to be aware of any Import Duties that may be incurred upon importation to the final destination. Spink will not accept return of any package in order to avoid these duties. The onus is also on the Buyer to be aware of any Customs import restrictions that prohibit the importation of certain collectibles. Spink will not accept return of the Lot(s) under these circumstances. Spink will not accept responsibility for Lot(s) seized or destroyed by Customs. 5.9 Recommended packers and shippers If required our shipping department may arrange shipment as your agent. Although we may suggest carriers if specifically requested, our suggestions are made on the basis of our general experience of such parties in the past and we are not responsible to any person to whom we have made a recommendation for the acts or omissions of the third parties concerned. 5.10 Remedies for non-payment or failure to collect purchases 5.10.1 If you fail to make payment within seven days of your stipulated payment date set out in your invoice, we shall be entitled to exercise one or more of the following rights or remedies: 5.10.1.1 to charge interest at the rate of 2% per month compound interest, calculated on a daily basis, from the date the full amount is due; 5.10.1.2 to set off against any amounts which the Spink Group may owe you in any other transaction the outstanding amount remaining unpaid by you; 5.4

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5.10.1.3 we may keep hold of all or some of your Lots or other property in the possession of the Spink Group until you have paid all the amounts you owe us or the Spink Group, even if the unpaid amounts do not relate to those Lots or other property. Following fourteen days’ notice to you of the amount outstanding and remaining unpaid, the Spink Group shall have the right to arrange the sale of such Lots or other property. We shall apply the proceeds in discharge of the amount outstanding to us or the Spink Group, and pay any balance to you; 5.10.1.4 where several amounts are owed by you to the Spink Group in respect of different transactions, to apply any amount paid to discharge any amount owed in respect of any particular transaction, whether or not you so direct; 5.10.1.5 to reject at any future auction any bids made by you or on your behalf or obtain a deposit from you before accepting any bids. 5.10.2 If you fail to make payment within thirty-five days, we shall in addition be entitled: 5.10.2.1 to cancel the sale of the Lot or any other item sold to you at the same or any other auction; 5.10.2.2 to arrange a resale of the Lot, publicly or privately, and, if this results in a lower price being obtained, claim the balance from you together with all reasonable costs including a 20% seller’s commission, expenses, damages, legal fees, commissions and premiums of whatever kind associated with both sales or otherwise, incurred in connection with your failure to make payment; or 5.10.2.3 take any other appropriate action as we deem fit. 5.11 Failure to collect Where purchases are not collected within seven days after the sale, whether or not payment has been made, you will be required to pay a storage charge of £2 per item per day plus any additional handling cost that may apply. You will not be entitled to collect the Lot until all outstanding charges are met, together with payment of all other amounts due to us. 5.12 Export Licence 5.12.1 If required we can, at our discretion, advise you on the detailed provisions of the export licensing regulations. Where we advise you in relation to export licensing regulations the ultimate responsibility in respect of any export will lie with you and we will not be responsible for your failure to apply for any necessary licences. 5.12.2 If the Lot is going to be hand carried by you, you may be required to produce a valid export licence to us or sign a waiver document stating that a licence will be applied for. 5.12.3 You should always check whether an export licence is required before exporting. Export licences are usually obtained within two or three weeks but delays can occur. 5.12.4 Unless otherwise agreed by us in writing, the fact that you wish to apply for an export licence does not affect your obligation to make payment within seven days nor our right to charge interest on late payment. 5.12.5 If you request that we apply for an export licence on your behalf, we shall be entitled to recover from you our disbursements and out of pocket expenses in relation to such application, together with any relevant VAT. 5.12.6 We will not be obliged to rescind a sale nor to refund any interest or other expenses incurred by you where payment is made by you despite the fact that an export licence is required. 5.13 Refund in the case of Forgery 5.13.1 A sale will be cancelled, and the amount paid refunded to you if a Lot (other than a miscellaneous item not described in the catalogue) sold by us proves to have been a Forgery. We shall not however be obliged to refund any amounts if either (a) the catalogue description or saleroom notice at the auction date corresponded to the generally accepted opinion of scholars or experts at that time, or fairly indicated that there was a conflict of opinions, or (b) it can be demonstrated that the Lot is a Forgery only by means of either a scientific process not generally accepted for use until after publication of the catalogue or a process which at the date of the auction was unreasonably expensive or impracticable or likely to have caused damage to the Lot. Furthermore, you should note that this refund can be obtained only if the following conditions are met: 5.13.1.1 you must notify us in writing, within seven days of the receipt of the Lot(s), that in your view the Lot concerned is a Forgery; 5.13.1.2 you must then return the item to us within fourteen days from receipt of the Lot(s), in the same condition as at the auction date; and

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5.13.1.3 as soon as possible following return of the Lot, you must produce evidence satisfactory to us that the Lot is a Forgery and that you are able to transfer good title to us, free from any third party claims. 5.13.2 In no circumstances shall we be required to pay you any more than the amount paid by you for the Lot concerned and you shall have no claim for interest. 5.13.3 The benefit of this guarantee is not capable of being transferred, and is solely for the benefit of the person to whom the original invoice was made out by us in respect of the Lot when sold and who, since the sale, has remained the owner of the Lot without disposing of any interest in it to any third party. 5.13.4 We shall be entitled to rely on any scientific or other process to establish that the Lot is not a Forgery, whether or not such process was used or in use at the date of the auction. 6 LIABILITY Nothing in these Terms and Conditions limits or excludes our liability for: 6.1 death or personal injury resulting from negligence; or 6.2 any damage or liability incurred by you as a result of our fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation. 7 COPYRIGHT 7.1 We shall have the right (on a non-exclusive basis) to photograph, video or otherwise produce an image of the Lot. All rights in such an image will belong to us, and we shall have the right to use it in whatever way we see fit. 7.2 The copyright in all images, illustrations and written material relating to a Lot is and shall remain at all times our property and we shall have the right to use it in whatever way we see fit. You shall not use or allow anyone else to use such images, illustrations or written material without our prior written consent. 8 VAT You shall give us all relevant information about your VAT status and that of the Lot to ensure that the correct information is printed in the catalogues. Once printed, the information cannot be changed. If we incur any unforeseen cost or expense as a result of the information being incorrect, you will reimburse to us on demand the full amount incurred. 9 NOTICES All notices given under these Terms and Conditions may be served personally, sent by 1st class post, or faxed to the address given to the sender by the other party. Any notice sent by post will be deemed to have been received on the second working day after posting or, if the addressee is overseas, on the fifth working day after posting. Any notice sent by fax or served personally will be deemed to be delivered on the first working day following despatch. 10 ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS The following provisions of this clause 10 shall apply only if you are acting for the purposes of your business. 10.1 Limitation of Liability Subject to clause 6, we shall not be liable, whether in tort (including for negligence or breach of statutory duty), contract, misrepresentation or otherwise for any: 10.1.1 loss of profits, loss of business, depletion of goodwill and/or similar losses, loss of anticipated savings, loss of goods, loss of contract, loss of use, loss of corruption of data or information; or 10.1.2 any special, indirect, consequential or pure economic loss, costs, damages, charges or expenses. 10.2 Severability If any part of these Terms and Condition is found by any court to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that part may be discounted and the rest of the conditions shall continue to be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 10.3 Force majeure We shall have no liability to you if we are prevented from, or delayed in performing, our obligations under these Terms and Conditions or from carrying on our business by acts, events, omissions or accidents beyond our reasonable control, including (without limitation) strikes, lock-outs or other industrial disputes (whether involving our workforce or the workforce of any other party), failure of a utility service or transport network, act of God, war, riot, civil commotion, malicious damage, compliance with any law or governmental order, rule, regulation or direction, accident, breakdown of plant or machinery, fire, flood, storm or default of suppliers or subcontractors. 10.4 Waiver 10.4.1 A waiver of any right under these Terms and Conditions is only effective if it is in writing and it applies only to the circumstances for which it is given. No failure or delay by a party in exercising any right or remedy under these Terms and Conditions or by law shall constitute a waiver of that (or any other) right or remedy, nor preclude or restrict its further exercise. No single or partial exercise of such right or remedy shall preclude or restrict the further exercise of that (or any other) right or remedy. 10.4.2 Unless specifically provided otherwise, rights arising under these Terms and Conditions are cumulative and do not exclude rights provided by law. Spink Uni (07/11) (20)

10.5 Law and Jurisdiction 10.5.1 These Terms and Conditions and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with them or their subject matter, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of England and Wales. 10.5.2 The parties irrevocably agree that the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim that arises out of, or in connection with, Terms and Conditions or their subject matter.

Postal Charges Prices for books (items sent by this method are not covered by insurance) Weight

Rest of the World

Up to 1kg

£8 for any weight

£12

£15

Up to 2kg

£8 for any weight

£18

£25

Prices for all other items including postage and packaging Invoice Value

Rest of the World

Up to £1,500

£10

£15

£20

Above £1,501

£20

£30

£40

Shipments of more than 2kg or volumetric measurement of more than 2kg have to be sent by courier. Certain countries may incur extra charge when courier services are required by our insurance policy. For lots sent by courier please contact Auctionteam@spink.com for calculation of any further relevant cost in addition to the above charges. Value Added Tax (VAT) Charging of (VAT) at Auction The information shown on this page sets out the way in which Spink intends to account for VAT.

Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme 1. Where possible, we will offer Lots for sale under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme. Such Lots can be identified by the absence of any symbol next to the Lot number in the catalogue and will not be subject to VAT on the Hammer Price. 2. Where Lots are sold using the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme to VAT–registered businesses, the VAT included within the Buyers’ Premium is not recoverable as input tax. Upon request on sale day, we will issue invoices that show VAT separately on both the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium. This will enable VAT-registered businesses to recover the VAT charged as input tax, subject to the normal rules for recovering input tax.

ii.

Zero-Rated Lots Limited Categories of goods, such as books, are Zero-rated (o) for VAT in the United Kingdom. Such Lots are offered under the Auctioneers’ Margin Scheme. In these circumstances no VAT element will be included within the Buyer’s Premium.

iii.

Daggered Lots Lots which are Daggered (†) in the catalogue are subject to VAT at 20% on both the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium.

iv.

Starred and Omega Lots Lots which are marked (x) in the catalogue are subject to VAT at 5% on the Hammer Price and 20% on the Buyer’s Premium which is shown as inclusive of VAT. Lots which bear the Omega symbol (Ω) are subject to VAT at 20% on the Hammer Price and on the Buyer’s Premium. Such Lots bear VAT because the Lot is liable for VAT at this rate on importation into the EU.

Investment Gold Lots Lots marked (g) in the catalogue are exempt from VAT on the Hammer Price and are subject to VAT at 20% on the Buyer’s Premium. A refund of VAT charged on the Buyer’s Premium can also be made on receipt of proof of business as a collectibles dealer.

vi.

Imported Lots Lots which are marked (x) and Lots which bear the Omega symbol (Ω) have VAT charged on the Hammer Price and Buyers’ Premium because they have been imported into the United Kingdom from outside the EU. In these cases we have used a temporary importation procedure, which in effect means that the point of importation is deferred until the Lot has been sold. At this point the Buyer is treated as the importer and is liable to pay the import VAT due. We will collect the VAT from you and pay it to HM Customs and Excise on your behalf.