Digital Edition - April 08, 2002

Page 1

34th Year

April 8,

— No. 13

2002

Degrees today; polytechnic status tomorrow By Denis Langlois

proves to the government that

“It

we have Conestoga College

is

now

than ever to establishing

closer

itself as

a

with Biz Bash and awards banquet.

-

ing degrees according to govern-

of training, colleges and univer-

made

sities,

March

the

announcement on

degree-granting status include Algonquin, Georgian, Centennial, George Brown, Sheridan and Mohawk. In addition to Conestoga,

A

polytechnical institution

many degree and diploma

And

grams.

Tibbits

pro-

said

the

“We put in a proposal (to become a polytechnical institution) last November,” he said. “We expect the results

And if the college does receive polytechnical status, Tibbits said it will

be easier to get approved for

more degree

the applied degree approvals are

we

good news

for the college’s quest

becoming

polytechnical

a

by the end of this calen-

dar year.”

future.

of

a

is

place of higher learning that offers

were Humber and approved for two degrees. Conestoga According to College President John Tibbits, Seneca

M.

ment standards.”

process has already begun.

27.

leges

^ PAOE

i

it

The plans advanced a step after was approved to offer two applied degree programs. Dianne Cunningham, the minis-

Conestoga was one of nine colapproved to grant applied degrees and one of three approved to offer two degrees. Other colleges that received

-

“And because we got two,

shows we are capable of develop-

ter .

quality across the board,”

said.

polytechnical institution.

the college

CBSA ends year

he

programs

“We were only allowed two proposals. “If

we

the

in

to

submit

get polytechnical status,

could submit 10.”

The

first

programs

pair of

will

begin in 2003.

Conestoga

More students applying pCom coOpte is

By Denis Langlois

the art of glass.

PAGE 6

applying to college early to avoid

more students,” Harris said. The cohort is the result of the government’s removal of the Ontario Academic Credits (OAC) from high schools. Therefore in

The issue was discussed at the monthly Board of Governors’ meeting in the Guild room on March 25. Fred Harris, the college’s regis-

20 per cent more students applied to Conestoga for the fall, compared to last year.

He

said

said the total

Award-wfnning

cations

author

gories.

it

tells

it

is.

PAGE

10

Crime Stopper shocker frustrating

PAGE 4

is

number of appli-

divided into two cate-

Secondary school student applications are up 29.7 per cent, while non-secondary school applications increased by 6.3 per cent.

(Photo by Denis Langlois)

this year.

2003, twice the students will be heading to college or university

because both Grade 12 and

OAC

in preparation, the

attempting to

college

make room

astronauts' time,

is

for the

A

famous Canadian astronaut

may make ance

another guest appear-

at the college.

who wore by a Conestoga

Col. Chris Hadfield, a patch designed

student into space,

is

scheduled to

speak at a convocation ceremony for engineering technology stu-

who was bom

Hadfield,

Sarnia, Ont., served

would be worn on

ond mission

De

Wit.

ward

he

is

NASA's

think

academics for Conestoga Students

Centre.

roots and

Conestoga’s statistics. More people are applying for col-

Inc., the

leges because students are attempt-

“We

ing

to

expected

beat in

the

two

double

cohort

years.

“A number of students have decided

they

have

their

(high

CSI

is

Jody

almost ready for the

double cohort. (the school) are taking

in

more students and we will take care of them. The people we are concerned about are the students." Continued on Page 2

John Sawicki. the charge of many convo-

According

to

person

in

cation

arrangements.

appearance

at the

De

Hadfield's

college has not

been finalized. “Because of the demands on

is

looking for-

convo-

cation.

less than

50 per cent

cent, almost

to

uniform

to Hadfield's visit at

said.

According

his

into space.

July 2001.

design student,

currently resides in Star City,

Director of Operations at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training

fall

to the

third-year graphic

He

Andruszkiewicz. vice-president of

provincial average for

in

a

be aboard the Mir Space Station.

where

came

dozens and was worn on his sec-

of the only Canadian to ever

Russia,

2002/2003,” Harris said.

Last year. Hadfield

college to announce that a patch, designed by Cynthia De Wit.

on two mis-

title

for

mak-

Wit's design was chosen out of

“The college is trying, to figure out to what extent they can capacity

still

in

sions into space and has taken the

the

are

here."

when he ventured

increase in students.

increase

we

the with arrangements Agency." Space Canadian Sawicki said. "However, I have every confidence that he will be

ing

dents later this year.

students will be graduating.

And

By Denis Langlois

applications increased by 10.7 per

The

COMMENTARY

the cohort rather

than having to deal with 20,000 or

the double cohort in 2003.

like

jump on

high school students are

trar,

for Chris

De Wit graduates from

school) diploma, so they are getting a

Many

she designed

with the patch

Astronaut could be convocation speaker

double cohort

to beat

btown away by

De Wit poses

Hadfield’s mission into space.

Continued on Page 2

institution.

Cynthia

"I

tle

“He

it's

is

she

really cool,"

still

sticking to his

making time

for the

lit-

guy."

However, she said she

is

a

lit-

disappointed that he will not be appearing at her graduation tle

ceremony.

Continued on Page 2


— SPOKE, April

Page 2

2002

8,

Just doing his job

Traffic safety record

best

the world

in

By Mary Simmons you think

If

traffic

bad

is

in

Canada, think again.

According

Canada Safety

to the

Council (CSC), the

safety

traffic

record in this country

is

the best in

the world and has been for the past

20 years. This statement comes with the release of a report on road fatalities

by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which showed that our traffic fatalities dropped 47 per cent between 1980 and 2000. This

is

despite the fact that the

number of

vehicles in the nation

went up by 48 per cent in the same time frame and the number of licensed drivers rose 37 per cent.

Impressive recorij

Canada dropped 47 per cent in Canada between 1980 and 2000, despite there being more vehicles on

Traffic fatalities in

our laws are working.

that

He

confirms that our

a prirne

as

1980, half of

example. In

drivers killed in

all

more than 10 million. The OECD report credits high

to

impaired

cites reductions in

driving

laws our working.

(internet photo)

the road.

tech law enforcement tools such as photo radar and red light cameras

Emile Therien,

crashes were over the legal limit; in

for reducing collisions in

Canada Safety

2000, just over 1/4 were legally impaired. Other major factors in Canada’s success story include our

countries.

Council president

The average improvement for all countries combined was 20

high rate of seat-belt use, safer

However,

Canadian jurisdictions have been reluctant to implement this technology. Although running red could account for as many as

OECD

vehicles, driver behaviour

lights

per cent.

lic

200 deaths and 13,000

OECD

The

data does not correlate motor. vehicle deaths with kilometres driven. According to a recent Transport Canada survey,

Canadians log 475 a year. This

tres

billion kilome-

means

the

that

and pubawareness campaigns. According to the Canada Safety Council, further progress will hinge on making existing laws

more more

suggested,

ment would enable Canada to make further progress. “As Canadians we are too humble,” he says. “Our country is a

average licensed driver travels more

even though careless driving laws

than 23,000 kilometres annually.

are already in place.

CSC

president

Emile Therien

says in a press release that this

impressive safety record confirms

Since 1994, road

cion.

Therien says that universal acceptance of electronic enforce-

laws. For instance,

has been

injuries

annually, some politicians still view red light cameras with suspi-

making a ban on

effective, rather than

cellphones

member many

have

fatalities

dropped by 10 per cent while cellphone use has increased five-fold

world leader doing a

lot

road safety. We’re

in

of things right.”

More degrees being sought Continued from Page The degrees approved by

Tibbits said the college applied

1

the

for the technology degrees because

may increase in the future. “We have to get people thinking

ber

Conestoga

a

good place

ministry are a Bachelor of Applied

of the guidelines of the pilot proj-

that

Technology (Integrated Advanced Manufacturing Technologies) and a Bachelor of Applied Technology Telecommunication Integrated and Computer Technologies). The manufacturing degree pro-

ect.

get a degree,” he said.

gram will teach students to manage advanced mechanical processes, while the telecommunication and computer degree will teach stu-

(

dents skills in telecommunication

and electronic processes. Both applied degrees will be four

“What ing

participate in a

minimum

16-

week work placement.

Increase

the

government was lookpilot project was

the

in

is

the

first

the

applied degrees.

many

the next

universities have a school of

“These degrees stick out more from university degrees.” But he said after the initial project,

proposals will be submitted in

many

The deadline round

Tibbits

business,” he said.

other areas.

instalment of a

opportunity

leges

more difficult to get government support in business because

It's

said

to

offer

for applications for is

slated for

he

May

6.

optimistic

is

Conestoga will get more degree the next programs during announcement by the ministry. “We are working very hard,” he

“And we now know that the model we used was the right model. We now know what it

Hadfield’s schedule hectic

said.

Although the two new degree will accept only 30 stu-

programs

num-

dents each, Tibbits said this

applications

in

This

to

two-part pilot project to grant col-

degrees that offer industry support.

years in length and require students to

for

is

is

Continued from Page

a larger student population.

1

student union has been preparing for the double cohort.

“We this

Although the increase

said one of the tasks of the

will

be spending the

year and

get ready for

all it,”

of

activities

and

mean more work and

more dealings with students due

to

is

high, Harris said

not necessarily an indication of

how many

students are going to

attend.

He

he said.

events for students and the double

cohort will

is

it

rest

next year trying to

The CSI plans

tions for the fall

in applica-

said

er that

it is

some

important to considstudents

totally sure they are in

the

fall

or

may

not be

going to attend

may change

minds and decide

their

to finish their

OACs instead. “How many

news are

on a fishing

“It is the

Even though there are many unknowns for next year, he said the increase in students is good “It will alleviate the

double cohort,” he

only time that will

De Wit won

peak of the

said.

“Instead there will be a gentle

It’s

a

bummer

that

I’ll

Wit’s convocation because of

fit

into his

busy schedule,” he said. much has changed in her life.

the contest, she said not

“I

me

as the person

designed his patch,” she said.

have experienced a

And winning

lot

of things

the contest

I

may work

normally wouldn’t have.” to her

advantage

in the future as

well.

She hopes

news.

De

1

But she said the experience has been fun. “I went to the launch in Florida and people recognized

who

expedition?” he asked.

slope.”

they can’t change the date.

time restraints.

Since

He

know why

have to go twice,” she said. Sawicki said Hadfield is not going to

takes.”

goo(d

Continued from Page “I don’t

Toronto.

And

to

be employed

at

any design firm in the area or in is an essential part of her port-

her winning patch design

folio. “It will definitely

help

my

resume,” she said. “But

now I have

to live

up


SPOKE, April

8,

2002

Page 3

Ontario ranks last Funding sparse

for

post-secondary education

By Sarah McGoldrick

graduate with the

THE RANKINGS Despite government promises of more funding and lower tuition costs, Ontario has finished last in

provincial ranking of college and university funding. In the

Canadian Centre

for Policy

(Brackets indicate last year’s ranking)

(CCPA) annual rankpost-secondary education, Ontario was ranked last among the

Quebec

ing ol

at how educafunded and the amount of money given by each province

centre looks

is

when

tallying the

access for

all

Griffin,

a volunteer

for the

at

a table

Scotia

Alberta

ity and accountability quality of each province. Ontario ranked 10th for the third year in a row while provinces like

Ontario (10)

Brunswick

the

CCPA.

The

shows

report also

give

2000

the province’s post-secondary

freezes for colleges and roll backs for universities.

$73 million

Ontario 1999-

the

that

it

is

the wealthier provinces that tend to

education spending had reached $4

in

that

continued deregulation the number is expected to rise.

(6)

Newfoundland have seen a sharp improvement as a result of tuition

the

However, the money

province has promised the .school has not been enough according to

cation from private sources. With

(9)

(8)

New

to

The government also promised to cap tuition increases at two percent per year until 2005. This would equal an incrca.se of no more than $34 per year for college students and .$77 for university students tak-

Ontario receives 10.9 per cent of its funding for post-secondary edu-

(4)

Saskatchewan

or gender, as well as the accessibil-

Ministry of Education,

CBSA, works

6)

Nova

list.

students despite race

According Katina

(

also looks at equity or equal

It

students to

ing undergraduate arts programs.

(2)

Columbia (1) Manitoba (3) Newfoundland (7) Prince Edward Island British

provinces.

tion

first

four-year high school

program.

The provinces were ranked as follows:

Alternatives

The

new

take the

billion.

It

also said

it

would provide

in additional funds in time for the double cohort in 2003. The double cohort will result in

the last students to take

selling

OAC

to

the

least

in

post-secondary

funding.

Ontario universities say they will need at least $170 million to deal with the rise in students, $225 million to ensure a spot for each new student and $73 million for maintenance.

tickets for the Biz

Bash, the awards banquet, advance yearbook sales and chocolates as a fundraiser.

Wakey, wakey...

(Photo by Sarah McGoldrick)

CBS A ends

year with two events

Daylight time kicked By Kirsten

The

Computer and Association

Business getting

ready to finish the school year with its

On

April

College's

Conestoga

11.

CBSA

will

hold

an

awards banquet for the school of business and the school of information technology. After the banquet, the

CBSA

invites the entire

college to the last Biz Bash of the

Students have found jobs at past awards

banquets. Joe Bentley,

CBSA The takes

awards place

president

banquet, at

Four

which

injuries

study years, as well as $28 million saved in traffic accident

make contact with graduating

an hour late for class. And those of us who managed to make it on time are probably

students.

feeling tired after losing an hour

are

invited

banquet

the

to

to

Points

ers.

This trend of springing ahead

at 6:30 p.m. Biz Bash after

April and

Sunday

in

course meal beginning

the

and admission

back the last Sunday in October is observed by about 70 countries, including most areas in North America, Africa, Asia, South Europe, Australia, America, and Antarctica and is viewed as a way of getting more

to the

the banquet.

Bash

the Biz

The

will begin.

party will take place within

walking distance of the hotel at Stages in Kitchener and doors will

open at 9 p.m. Buses will

available

be

at

Conestoga’s residence for $2.

The Stag Shop and Molson Canadian will. sponsor the event themed as the last big party of the

over the past year.

Though to

the Biz

the

awards banquet

everyone,

Bash

is

it

is

open

is

primarily a

to all

stu-

dents.

For further information go

CBSA

office in

Life

Is

first

falling

daylight

ness and the school of IT, while

Bentley said

where only

part

celebration for the school of busi-

CBSA President Joe

in Indiana,

night.

achieved a high level of success

students have found jobs at past

to daylight

time.

open

But the semi-formal banquet will more than just awards.

move

which was officially observed by Canadians at 2 a.m. last

ticket includes a three-

to the

out

of

the

summer

months by adjusting the sunset and sunrise by one hour. Arizona, Indiana, Hawaii, and

Saskatchewan do not

participate.

The idea was first suggested by Benjamin Franklin in 1784, but

was not used until World War, where

the

First

it

was

observed nationally for seven months during 1918-1919. It was used again in the Second W'orld War, but did not become law in until 1966 when the U.S.

Farmers

Congress passed the Uniform Time Act, which contained a clause that any state wanting to be exempt could pass a state law. The current system was not standardized until 1986. But many people wonder

why

we

time

still

have

daylight

today.

According to a study by the of Department Transportation in 1974-1975, U.S.

altering the time

was shoWn

to

Live longer with daily physical

acti\'ir>’,

an

of the state

observes the

time change, have said they must rise with the sun regardless of the clock and are inconvenienced by having to change their schedule in.order to

the time on

their crops to those who observe daylight time. A Canadian study also uncovsell

ered disadvantages. In 1991-92, research by a prothe

University

fessor

at

British

Columbia showed

after the clocks spring

10,000 barrels of oil each day. Also, by allowing more people

April.

home from work and

nents,

to

travel

school in daylight, traffic accidents were reduced, as well as

exposure to crime, because individuals were able to complete errands

in

the

daylight

when

extension ^

healthy eating and following your doctors adx’ice. www.porttcipodion com

of

there

was an eight per cent increase in traffic accidents on the Monday

save the equivalent in energy of

Room 1D14D.

short,

the

But some groups do not sup-

at 5 p.m. to give students a chance to mingle with potential employ-

The $20

during

costs.

port a uniform

be a time to honour business and computer students who have

offer

prevented

of sleep due to daylight time,

year.

in

the

purpose, the doors open

this

Kitchener, will

Sheraton Hotel

a lower rate of criminal

this

industry representatives

After the awards are distributed,

year.

is

The study showed that 50 lives were saved and about 2,000

For

two biggest events.

there

words “spring ahead” you morning you were probably

awards banquets.

is

Fifield

aren’t immediately clear to

Many Student

2 a.m. yesterday activity.

If

By Shannon McBride

in at

ahead

in

it has some oppomost people in North America have become accustomed to the time change and don't seem to mind it, at least until they are late for work the

But although

first

Monday

in April.


^

Truth important

newspapers

to

The Record’s decision from

its

to pull

reports

Crime Stopper

discovering Waterloo regional

pages after

police had fed the publication false information, sit should make all readers feel secure when they paper. the down to read

ihe

But some have expressed anger towards

Record’s decision, saying the crime reports are impordeal over the tant and the paper is malSng too big of a

shown by

police. testified in court on March officer Waterloo police been given to the media had information false that

indiscretion

A 20

form of a bogus break-in report in 1998 Lynn After his testimony. Record editor-in-chiei the publishing stop would Haddrall said the paper running been had which reports, Crime Stoppers the paper for more than 12 years. In an address to readers, Haddrall Journalists and police said she would officers are forced to work suspend the pubtogether everyday in order to lication of the perform their respective jobs reports until the paper has had full and cannot allow deception and disclosure to poison this relationship. in the

m

assurances

that

again.

This is the decision we should expect from The Record. As citizens we put our trust in the media to deliver the news in an honest and as objective manner as possible. How could any of us accept information printed in the paper as truthful if The Record had simply accepted this blatant lie by police and continued with business as usual? If they allowed readers to be duped once, how could

we possibly

The

And

As

we

to

face

be that of the domestic dog.

newspapers are useless. should demand that the media look

the paper must be able to trust sources, such as the police, to relay truthful information and must therefore take action when it discovers it has been unknowingly used as an investigative tool. Crime Stopper reports are important to public safety.

attack.

fear

Whipple

felt

this point, the

couple should

have kept the dogs

in their apart-

of them alto-

At

could

prison for the mur-

utation as being man’s best friend.

for four years.

gether.

lately

our greatest companion

turning on

The

owners and other

its

justice

San Francisco, Calif., two dogs attacked a neighbour in

cial to society to

the hallway of her apartment.

Knoller and Robert Noel, were of

convicted

dent.

they are too young to do so them-

^

ple understood this

responsibility to present the truth to its readers. If blame is to be placed it should fall on the police who knowingly deceived the public. While they are free to do this within their own investigations, they should not let these techniques spill over into their

chievous dog that killed someone.

chased them. The

dealings with local media. Journalists and police officers are forced to work together everyday in order to perform their respective jobs and cannot allow deception to poison this rela-

Both dogs were Presa Canarios, also dubbed “Dogs of War,” and tim they mauled.

advance that

tionship.

Diane Whipple died of blood loss after she received 77 severe

ability to kill

was

also found guilty of

The

come

no

as

surprise.

weighed more than the female

that

told

bought

second-degree murder. verdict should

that

for

selves.

killed

And animals should be no excepWhen it is our dog, it is our

vio-

its

And the couwhen they pur-

manslaughter and having a mis-

The wife was

tion.

these

jury at the

the

reason

responsibility.

A

trial

was

predators

from residing

including

there.

This

a step

is

Local gov-

ed felon, insisted the dogs were being treated like “wusses” at the

ernments have to prevent these

farm where they

Any

vic-

person

the crime

Dogs

canines. that

cities,

in the right direction.

if

tragedies before they occur. It is

lived.

who

knows

their pets

have the

the animal does attack.

obviously

their

SPOKE

to

areas,

but

this

case

be taken.

to

Prevention that

were

is

we have

animals from living

should prompt certain precautions

are supposed to be loved

They

certain

in

should have to pay for

weren’t.

a sad reality that

restrict various

in

and treated fairly, but these dogs insisted

couple of

Kitchener, have banned large dogs

they

because their roommate, a convict-

scratches and bites by the large

The couple

take

responsibility for their actions, if

lence and large size.

involuntary

like a

we must

our supervision,

couple

this

is

while under

serve time for this incredible inci-

The breed of dog Whipple was known

The owners of the dog, Marjorie

child. If children kill

right. It is benefi-

make

rid

To many people a dog

system has finally

done something

every time she

walked by the dogs.

ment or gotten

large

Instead of anger, readers of The Record should feel at ease that the paper is taking a stand to ensure that stories that are published relay the truth.

now

der, while Noel could be locked up

In

Nine hundred tips were received locally last year. But they cannot come at the expense of The Record’s

before the incident occurred. They even wrote a letter describing the

Knoller

people.

this,

testified that they

had no indication their dogs would

face up to

is

them.

irritated

Also, the couple knew their dogs were intimidating their neighbour

And life in

hall-

the passing residents

animal has gained the distinct rep-

But

facts.

probably

of

They

murder.

ruth-

way where

and

incapable

starting to

is

much more

Most people own a dog or have owned one and because of this the

out for our best interests by only publishing solid

To do

new

and heartless killer. A killer that has no instinct to stop, slow down or let go. The new face seems

credibility,

citizens,

the

chained inside an apartment

were

dogs

beginning

less

future stories?

Without

is

friendly

take the form of a

and editors uncover the truth in

to

face of violence

change.

to

trust that the paper’s reporters

would make every attempt

responsible for dogs

Owners

policies are in place to prevent this from happening

is

definitely the key

could have helped avoid

this

situation.

mainly funded from September to May by a payInc. (CSI) in exchange for the

ment from Conestoga Students

insertion of advertising in the paper.

Keeping Conestoga College connected

expressed

The views and opinions

newspaper do not necessarily

in this

views of Conestoga College or the CSI. Advertisers

by

are not endorsed

the

CSI

SPOKE

reflect the in

SPOKE

unless their advertisements con-

be liable for any damages beyond the amount paid for the space. Unsolicited submissions must be sent to the editor by 9:30 a.m. Monday. Submissions are subject to acceptance

tain the

CSI

logo.

shall not

arising out of errors in advertising

SPOKE

is

published and produced weekly by the journalism students of Conestoga College. Faculty Supervisor and Adviser: Christina Jonas

SPOKE’s Phone: 748-5220,

ext.

address

Web

3691

is

299 Doon Valley

site:

Dr.,-

Room

4B14, Kitchener, Ontario,

or rejection and should be clearly written or typed; a

N2G 4M4.

file

would be

helpful.

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www.conestogac.on.ca/spoke Fax: 748-3534 E-mail: spoke@conestogac.on.ca

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(such as a photograph).

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“3

SPOKE, April

News Clothing a court issue

"When diabetes

turn to. Call the

2002

— Page 5

enters your

you need someone

life,

8,

to

Canadian

Diabetes Association." Carol Seto, dietitian

today’s

In

society,

is

it

HELP

not appropriate

SOMEONE YOU KNOW. CALL

judge

to

by

skin

j

SI I

or

Dino Vukmanovic, a first-year robotics and animation student, fills out employment forms at the student employment office hoping to find a co-op position for the summer. (Photo by Shannon McBride)

age

colour,

religion.

Instead

now

it

Kathleen

seems

we

that

COUNSELLOR’S CORNER:

An

of weeks ago because the lawyer was wearing a V-neck top. The Ontario court Justice, Micheline Rawlins, was quoted as saying, “They don’t have to look at my cleavage, I don’t have to look at theirs.” The lawyer, Laura Joy, was

#

a

lot of attention because it is unusual for someone’s case not

cle of clothing.

are known to the women. Women are less ii-kely to report these assaults or to be believed, although assaults taking place under these circumstances are no less criminal than those committed by

.

Shouldn’t the case have been heard regardless of what was

strangers.

being worn? I am a journalism student, and I often have to go out and

No

more sexual assault happens when a man thinks his desires are force, the important than a woman's are. By using pressure or important to him than attacker imposes his wishes, which are more

A

one has

rules for us about can and cannot wear.

teachers know that we are responsible enough to pick out

woman’s right to say no. Some men believe that women say deserve when they mean yes, or even that women secretly want or

Our

I

be raped. This

myths blame the assault or giving up her right to say no. These of any age in victim for the crime, not the offender. Any woman woman is sexually almost any situation can be sexually attacked. If a

lower than her collarbone. The media also plays a role in this case. On the show Ally

McBeal

assaulted,

of real-life lawyers. On show the character of Aliy

famous for wearing

are also

underweight. Yes this is a fictional show, but it gives the wrong message.

woman was the woman endowed?" And who

cares

the

if

blond ? Who cares

was “well cares

if

With

all

she the

is

if

wrong

to

age and even their

I

someone who has been sexually assaulted, listen to her. that she is not alone. Let it was not her fault and

know that her know that help college

and

in

available through Student Services at the her community, including the following agencies: is

Sexual Assault Treatment Centre

leave an interview

Sexual Assault Support Centre y-

Community Justice

Initiatives

I

to be seen as intelligent responsible person. Not a snap-

658-0551

Crisis line, counselling support

want

pyi dresser.

749-6994

Short-term counselling for recent survivors

Support groups

clothing.

When

fault.

judge peo

pie because of anything, their skin, their

not her

media attention

has received. I have not heard one thing about Joy’s credentials, brains, are past It is

is

single or not

this story

cases.

you know

Let her

mini-skirts.

women

of the

If is

drastically

Who

it

make a mockery

they

the

Many

not true.

who commit sexual assaults are responsible for these crimes, goes, what she not their victims. What a woman wears, where she inviting sexual drinks or who she talks to does not mean she is

barely went

shirt

to

People

case, then the judge should step

A Message from Student

Services

(Room 2B02)

4 4 4 4 4

would

wear a straightforward outfit, and hope that I was not being judged on my exterior. It is up to the individual to decide what is appropriate. I do believe that if it is an extreme But the

is

4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4

no

the

our own clothing. I know that if I had an interview »with the mayor, 1 would not wear a bustier and fishnets.

4 4 4 4 4

Sexual assault is any unwanted act of a sexual nature imposed by one person upon another. One in four Canadian women has been sexually assaulted, while a small percentage of survivors of sexual assault are adult men. Most women live with the fear of becoming

Most people believe that sexual assault happens in “dangerous” places such as parking lots or dark alleys. However, more than half of all sexual assaults are committed in private homes or by men who

backwards to continue with her case. The media has given this

interview people.

Sexual Assault

the victim of sexual assault.

forced to turn her shirt around

in.

www.diabetes.ca

judge

Ontario

refused to hear a case a couple

we

DU DIABETE

.A.

expose.

made

CANAOIENNE

4

judged by the amount of cleavage we show, and the quantity of leg we

what

ASSOCIATION

Deschamps

are

ever

CANADIAN DtABeres ASSOCIATION

1

744-6549

4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4

4444


THE ART OF

doss By Sarah McGoldrick Despite the blast of winter the temperatures are starting to the furnaces of

rise.

Inside

Blown Away Glass

Studios in Elora the temperatures F. The heat is so intense the smell of it turns the skin red and

reach 3000

burning glass reminds you of fireplaces burning on a late November day. The work is done with the doors

open on the coldest days. Tim McManus and Katherine Sixsmith own, operate and create colourful glass It’s

works

in their studio.

a partnership with

mechanical

room

little

for

error.

For various parts of the creative process thick gloves, safety glasses

and masks must be worn. While working on a vase together, Tim manoeuvres the glass in and out of the furnace while Katherine blows through the stainless steel pipes. The result is a transformation from a ball

Oven temperatures reach 300( F. The glass is moved back and

forth while

help

the glass flexible. (Photo by Sarah McGoldria

of molten glass to a fully formed vase. ivtiilp

T'Uij LllX^

that included learning

application

practical

history,

photography.

about design,

and

also taught the busi-

It

ness side of making glass. The pair opened the studio in July 1999. Their works vary from glass plates to glass sculptures such as a large glass wrench. Inside the brightly

showroom

lit

friendship

balls

hang from the windows, and plates and even glass dumbbells sit on display.

"The designs

are traditional/classic

forms with contemporary forms. lot

A

influenced by fine Venetian

is

The came

to

be

is

how

glass blowing

not understood or

“Some in

say it began 3,000 years Mesopotamia,” McManus

said. “I like the story that

says there

was an army on a beach and

the fires

made the sand turn to glass.” Glass blowing does not have to be done said

in it

the other

a team however,

is

the blower.

“This is where we create at manipulate and breathe life into tl glass,” Sixsmith said. Each piece usually takes an hour

make, depending on how complies, ed the piece is. The sculptures with more than one part have to be creat-

blows the glass through Tim McManus shapes the glass with newspapers while Katherine Sixsmith Sarah McGoldrick) a stainless steel rod.

ed piece by piece. The colours are added by using colour bars that come from Germany. The blending of the colours is called gathering and

McManus

does speed up the process.

It is

large oil drums, but

incredible heat.

sand and

The

is

sandblasting.

selves but they also teach others their

are used to cut through the glass and paddles are used to flatten the glass

A

Any

glass.

The rod

is

then

Left;

moves across from the

the job gets even

“You ture of

it

as the tempera-

your body gets used

McManus

to

it,”

clear glass that

is

is

final

product

allowed to

R;gr/7f .'Taking

is

first

putting

it

never

if it

joked that the couple

make mistakes however

put into an oven

settle.

colour bars and rolling the molten

glass on a table blends the colour with the glass. (Photos by Sarah McGoldrick)

sales.

Not only do they make art.

Workshops

are ran

glass them-

from

sec-

their

studio in Elora every Tuesday from 7 to 10 p.m.

and on the

first

weekend

of every month. The 12- week program costs $1,295 and includes all tools and supplies. You can sign up through Conestoga College’s continuing education program.

“There has been a good response to the classes,” Sixsmith said.

with more glass.

too thin.

glass into a vase.

it

created by

thickness of each piece varies,

holds all the tools and a place and shape the glass. McManus shapes the

where

not used can

although a piece cannot be sold

A workstation

Above: The

is

McManus

said.

Texture and patterns are added by

is

on the end of the pipe then

encasing

The get used to

it.

the inside glass

summer

glass

be melted to be used again. A piece such as a paper weight where there is a separate design on

hotter.

moved

to sit

the newspaper

into

the

is swung around to help The final product is put an oven where it dries.

The

stretch

glass starts as

put on the end

it

In the

intense heat turns the sand into

molten

is

piece.

of the rod.

Sheridan

to

College for fundraising

As

must withstand

The

donated

can be a gold or metallic look. This process is called etching and

the glass, thick steam rises

blend into the glass. The furnaces cannot be bought and are usually made by the artisans. They look like

are

result

then rolled along a table

to

onds

putting sand onto

such as on the bottom of a vase. thick bundle of newspaper splashed with water is used to shape the glass.

with the glass and moving it in and out of the furnace gathers the

The

and out of the furnace. The glass periodically taken out of the fur-

can be -blown into shape. Jacks, which look like huge tweezers, are used to create lines. Sheers

in the furnace.

piece.

in

nace so

each colour requires a different bar. They are about an inch in diameter and melt into the glass as it is burned

colours.

known. ago

is

Putting them on the end of the pipe

blowing,” Sixsmith said. story of

thev do work as a pair, the someone working at the bench at

When

in rollnop —

studying glass blowing at Sheridan College. It was an intense program

being spun to

make

The

couple has been teaching for approximately four years.

The studio is located on Guelph Road in Elora and pieces are sold on site.


SPOKE, April

More

to birth control than just the

2002— Page

8,

7

pill

patch slowly relea.ses the same hor-

mones as birth control pills but can be worn for a week at a time. You change it once a week for three weeks and then go the fourth week free. According to the Glamour ..magazine article The New Birth

Contraceptive

foam,

gel,

and

lubricants

and even

now

Control Patch. Will pill?

film

available

with to

use oral contraceptives as

condoms

are

other options

While sex awareness

are.

week ended

February

in

it is

the

them.

contraceptives

New

stronger

always being pro-

duced as well as a new contraceptive pill for men. There are also a lot of older methods often not con-

birth control not

how many

realizing

there

methods for

is

all

newer and safer those that aren’t com-

available

is

yourself.

method of

their

technology comes out

time with

fortable

to

protect

to

women

it

the

Many

know what

places

year after further testing.

New

avail-

always good able

diseases

many

is

this

While abstinence is the best protection against pregnancy and sexutransmitted

replace the

it

in

most often worn on the lower abdomen or buttocks. It must also be worn with a condom to help prevent STDs. It is 99 per cent effective and will be available sometime but

By Nicole Childs

ally

can be worn

It

The contraceptive injecDepo provera is an injection

sidered.

always

the right time to be safe sex savvy.

tion or

you ask a random person on the what his or her method of birth control is you will probably

you get four times a year. It is 99.7 per cent effective and provides the freedom from thinking about your

If

street

get pill

condoms as

Contraceptive methods should be used in combination with other methods to help protect against {Photo by Nicole Childs) pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.

or the birth control

cap

answer. These two

their

and the

third is a

are available in many places from convenience stores to drug stores, and even in men’s bath-

tor as an effective barrier contra-

made up of nonoxynol-9, benzalkonium chloride, and sodium cholate. The sponge provides 12hour protection and a new one does

2002 before it is distributed anywhere else. A patch works for smokers trying

ceptive method.

not have to be inserted every time intereoi!''5c 's ricrformcd. It absorbs semen and must be left in for six

be used with a condom or other

should, like frvrm

is

gel provide protection against preg-

nancy for up

to

24 hours. Wliile

it

be gotten with a prescription, yet they are the most prescribed birth

provides protection for a day, it must be reapplied every time you

method among women. What about all the others? There are so many safe sex methods that people don’t know about.

have sex. Like many contraceptives it should be used in conjunction with

control

According

the

to

Web

www.birthcontrol.com, there are many different types of contraceptives available. Some have been

If

that has

is

been long forgotten about.

available without a prescription

and

it

is

rated as being

kill

is

some of

90 per cent

evidence that bacteria

the

One

condom.

brand,

tic

is

r

is

a

after

inser-

completely mintion. You can put it in up to 15 utes to an hour before intercourse. While it also contains nonoxynol-9 and can be used alone, using a con-

the

a barrier device

made of polyurethane foam

it is

cling

dissolves

Canadian-made Protectaid contraceptive sponge,

why

your wallet,

more like plaswrap than contraceptive. You insert it with your finger and it

it can which

dom

filled

iSSf-.-.-

HELP WANTED

creams, gels, foams or sponges there are many advances in hormonal contraceptives. One prob-

Luther Village

lem with taking a birth control pill everyday is remembering to take it acciat around the same time. Most dents happen when a user forgets to

the pubhe. featuring casual and fine dining for residents and

have

the

first

will help

same hormones found

control

pills. It

monthly

ability to

in birth

ple skills.

has an outer diame-

you protect yourself

into or pulling

ring

is

will be soon.

CLASSIFIED ‘ULTIMATE QUESTIONS” Bible study by correspondence. For a free copy of the course

to the offi-

Nuvaring Web www.nuvaring.com, it

cial

N2L 6L1

weeks

not available yet but

According

s

E-mail; Dklink@lwdcoda.org

left in for three

It is

D. Klink, Manager, Martin

Ont., 139 Father David Bauer Drive, Waterloo, Fax; (519) 884-9071

and then removed on the fourth. Like oral contraceptives, the Nuvaring does not protect against STDs and should be used with a

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to:

Restaurant

vagina.

The

in a

Submit resume

from the

it

team environment, and excellent peoCandidates will be required to work a variety

work

of hours.

your fingers to press the sides of the ring together and gently pushit

Cook

from a recognized

of two inches and a cross-sectional diameter of one-eighth inch. by using It is inserted and removed

ing

offering excel-

in service training in the hospitality industry, a certificate program, knowledge of table service,

to take as often. is

community

Restaurant Wait Staff experience Successful candidates will have two years of

pill.

The Nuvaring

a retirement

Relief

Technological advances are making it easier by creating contraceptives you won’t the

is

lence in continuum care service for seniors in the heart of Waterloo. Martin’s Restaurant is a licensed establishment,

ter

clear film that looks

cause sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) it is best to double up with a

in

being 96 per cent effective and available at any pharmacy. It

effective in preventing pregnancy.

While there

in

not try film? Vaginal contraceptive film is another new choice rated as

one

It is

comes

you’re sick of caixying con-

doms around

The contraceptive sponge

— ——

the

It

doctor or local clinic for pamphlets and information.

about a birth control

aren’t comfortable using

also contains the spermicidal agent

pre-meas-

how

For more information on contraceptive methods you can visit your

patch. Another innovative idea, the

vaginal ring for birth control. It is a flexible plastic ring that releases

ured applicators from a pharmacy.

body.

to quit so

other products,

condom or other type of STD protection. The gel bonds to the vagina, which cuts down on messiness. It nonoxynol-9.

around for a while and others are new. There is something for every-

^

take

a

site

many

Gif' r»rr»fp»r*tinin.i

you

If

vaginal contraceptive gel. Brands such as Advantage 24 contraceptive

rooms. So of course they would be popular among men. Oral contraceptives on the other hand may only

cervical

released in the United States mid-

hours after intercourse. Another form of contraceptive

Condoms

A

also available from your doc-

Many lubricants and foams also contain the spermicidal nonoxynol9. For the most effectiveness they

a spermi-

is

cidal

condom.”

is

even more.

with F-5 Gel. This gel

most popular because they are the most publicized and most efficient. One pharmacist who did not want his name used, said, “The most effective method of birth control is absti-

methods are the

the pill

birth control everyday.

site

at

will

be

Please send

name and

address

To; Bible study, Zion United

Reformed Church 1238 Main

WWW sexualityandu.ca

Gen.

Or

Del. Sheffield. Ont.

St.

LOR IZO

e-mail: Visit our

Web

site;

CLASSIFIED Canadian Forces Army Reserve At%**t*l*i If

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ilMiUiil

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{

-


"

Page 8

— SPOKE, April

2002

8,

Caffeine consumption can be dangerous By Mary Simmons

stimulant.

stance

It

that

is

a chemical

occurs

sub-

naturally

morning ritual. You wake up and grab a cup of coffee to start your day. Whether you brew your own or get it at your favourite coffee shop, chances are you’re one of the many Canadians who drink an average of

drink beverages containing caf-

three cups a day.

feine,

It’s

Caffeine

is

It

about 60 plants.

a

The

side effects of caffeine con-

begins to reach

it

the

all

utes.

Peak blood

They appear soon

smokers and

feine in

one or two cups of coffee

causes

many mild

less rapid in

women

in late

newborn

pregnancy, liver dis-

I

This can lead to sleep depriva-

Those who don’t have

tion.

caf-

Did you know... I The words caffeine and coffee come from the Arabic word qahweh - pronounced “kahveh” in Turkish. I Coffee began to be popular in Europe in the 17th century.

physiological

General metabolism increases

expressed as an increase

-

in activity

or raised temperature, or both.

feine in their system tend to fall

asleep quicker and sleep sounder.

FAST FACTS

effects.

ease.

levels are reached

effects.

a single

dose and disappear within hours. Ingestion of the amount of caf-

infants,

tis-

after

metabolize half a cup of caffeine. This rate is more rapid in

and those who suffer from

sues in your body within five min-

most popular drug and a powerful

There are also short-term

takes approximately four hours

to

sumption are widely contradicted. According to the Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Research Foundation in Toronto, when you

reportedly the world’s

about 30 minutes.

in

in

I

The

By

of breathing increases,

rate

as does urination and the levels of

tric

acid in the stomach.

Caffeine use

may

increase blood

pressure.

Caffeine also acts as a diuretic,

which means that it flushes fluids and calcium from the body. This has caused some concern and

introduced

linked caffeine intake with osteo-

using strong coffee to sustain

porosis,

PARTICIPACTION Couch potatoes? French

C

ouch potatoes, not French fries, may be to

3 How many

for obesity. That was the

alcohol)?

blame

eat

"other" foods did you

high

(those

sugar,

in

fat

or

done at the have found that even

tury,

risk factor for osteoporosis.

coffee

Caffeine has most often been reported as harmful to pregnant and

attested to in a recipe

4 How frequently are you eating? 5 Were you really hungry or did you

weight management.

We

we have come

recently,

More

weight gain.

diets for creeping

the food was there, you were out

to understand

with your friends)?

Do

same with your

the

activity.

the serious effects of physical inactivity.

Record everything you do and for

Healthy eating

how

maintain

active living

too. In fact, they are a

crucial,

is

essential to

is

body weight, but

a proper

of obesity

rate

and young

teens

With an

on the

rise.

increased intake of "fast

and

adults

is

a result of TV, computers and

video games, generation "X"

is

quickly

"Balance and moderation are what need,"

suggests Judy Toews,

registered

dietitian

book on

raising

Toews

a

and author of

a

"weight-wise" kids.

"Nothing we

notes,

eat

good

some foods

claim

to

are

but some foods

must be eaten

lifestyle

can

make

to

and

a

being

30-60 minutes per

reasonable

of

the

practice

a

from the

great

poet

I Addiction to caffeine can

take

place after only three

caffeine

I

Anthropologists believe may have been used

as far back as the Stone Age.

Htnnlrc

late.

All have varying amounts of

A

caffeine.

The amount of

caffeine

also

depends on how it is served. Take an average cup of coffee for instance. If it was brewed in a drip coffeemaker, it will contain an percolator,

15

1

80

mg mg

of caffeine, in a

and instant 65

mg.

And

serving of your favourite caffeinated soft drink contains an

average of 20 mg.

A serving of chocolate milk has 5 mg late

and one ounce of milk chocohas six mg.

Despite the reported negative side effects, caffeine has also

been used

medicinally.

don’t

make

the mistake of

drinking decaf

you’re getting no caffeine. In an average cup you’re getting two to

mg. Tea also

three

low

necessary changes,

setting

diaries

tea,

The most common medicinal use

is in headache preparations and other pain relievers. Caffeine is added both for its specific abili-

ty to relieve headache, including varies.

Brewed contains

caused by caffeine withdrawand for its ability to help anal-

that

an average of 40 to 60 mg. Instant contains 30 mg, while a glass of

gesics,

iced tea contains 70 mg.

work

al,

or painkillers,

do

their

better.

and

Monitor your progress

measure that the goals you

and

set are

attainable.

Establishing healthy habits at an early age

essential.

is

"When

it

comes

As the old adage to bodies, there’s

only one per customer."

Your family doctor, a registered in

moderation. Making small changes in

your

by

specific goals.

says,

into a healthy diet,

fit

begin

diet

fat

is

a

and

is

for us, while others are ‘junk.’

All foods can

low

To make the

day.

to successful

of following

reasonable, realistic

absolutely perfect or entirely bad. Ifs simplistic

combination calorie,

The key

and maintenance

loss

physically active for

becoming generation "XL".

we

be challenging.

weight

off can

to preparations of both

Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

thinking that by it

added

nized source of caffeine, but it is far from being the only source. Others

enjoy what you were

Losing weight and keeping

least until the 19th cen-

an egg was frequently

consecutive days of use.

average of

doing?

children,

in

junk foods" combined with sedentary lives as

for 3 days.

3 Did you

dynamic duo.

The

long

How often were you active? 2 How long did you do each activity? 1

At

dependent on the drug. Coffee is the most widely recog-

eat for other reasons (just because

have long blamed improper

I

baby can become

the

the

to

religious devotions throughout the night.

women.

catchy title of a recent article exploring the many factors involved in effective

caffeine

though caffeine intake marginally increases urinary calcium excretion, caffeine was not an important

caffeine

Yemen

Sufis of the

Arab world when they began

Since the placenta does not block

ALL ADDS UP!

IT

The

their

clinic

nursing

fries?

but

I

studies

Mayo

for thought from

18th century planta-

had been established in Indonesia and the West Indies. I The Maya used cacao beans as currency throughout their domains, and prices were fixed “by the bean.”

blood and of gas-

fatty acids in the

the

tions

educator specialist

or can

community provide

a big difference

more

fitness

helpful

information. in

helping you reach your weight loss

goals.

you

Here

are

some

ideas to help get

started:

In a journal, record everything that

you

eat

and drink

for the next

Be sure

to include

what you

much and 3

days

the time

you

eat.

ask yourself the

3 days.

eat,

1

Did you

eat a variety eat the

number of Guide

to

of foods?

recommended

Healthy Eating

(5 vegetables

and

fruits,

Ask your doctor about a

daily

ftom Canadas

servings

Exercise too

After the

following

questions...

2 Did you

Eat right

how

healthier

you 5 grains,

pamioPBCTion cnonm^

2-3 milk products and 2 meat and

www.participaction.com

alternatives)

If

|

j.

alt)

' £

j

):'I3

HeJi,

rijiiO

irfjf

you’re trying to cut back on your caffeine intake, try brewing a of coffee at a time instead of making a whole

cup

pot.

‘(Phofb ty

-


SPOKE, April

— Page 9

2002

8,

Feature Experience France without going broke By Marcy Cabrai This

second

the

is

to

on things

series

in a four-part do and see in

France.

When

abroad money

travelling

You want

becomes a serious issue.

experience everything the country to has to offer, but you don’t want

to

of the day.

So I’ve end up bankrupt either. devised a few simple tips to help save money while touring through

pack and come

France.

you want a souvenir of landmark never buy it at

First off, if

a certain

For example,

the site itself.

ed a couple Eiffel Tower key chains at for friends- and myselE however,

were

the tower the key chains

which works out

euros,

to

1

different

I

Go, dried

fruit sticks that taste like

bars.

Now

they are easy to

common:

pack and

The

these snacks have one

all

thing in

.20

be about

light to

cany.

best piece of advice

1

can give

don’t pack anything you can’t cany. Look for items that don’t take

Me, being the bargain hunter I am, knew could find them for cheaper. Low and behold, two days later

is

1

Dame

many

in

also purchased Fruit-to-

varieties.

$1.80 Cdn.

while visiting Notre

gra-

Fruit Roll-Ups, and to give into a sweet tooth craving, Oreo cookie

want-

I

recommend

highly

I

nola bars because they arc easy to

up much room, and il you can, get rid of extra packaging such as unneeded boxes and extra wrap-

of Paris,

walked into a shop and found the exact key chains for 0.80 euros. 1

ping.

Fourth, on your last-minute shop-

you’re not usually a bargain shopper and plan to travel on a If

may want

budget, you

ping

to practise

Second, before beginning your create a list of all the possible souvenirs you want to buy tor yourself and for others. In doing so, you

trip,

So

however,

tactic

is

This

saw many things that love to have and as a result

bakeries, markets and

I

would

I

bought

places along the

I

take a lunch.

you

list.

The

leaving

gency

Canada

trip to

aisles for

snacks

would keep

that

I

I

knew

me

perused the I

liked,

and

going for most

Hepatitis

breakfasts

People whQ suffer from symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and fatigue a slight

case of the flu.

But what they don’t realize

symptoms may

is

indi-

cate hepatitis B.

The term hepatitis refers to an to illness that causes infection the liver including infections to

other

viruses

and

due

alcohol

abuse.

Most people who become ill with the hepatitis B virus (HB'V) are cured within six months, ;

I ;

although about 10 per cent of people develop a chronic, lifelong infection.

These people are referred to as carriers

of the virus and can

first

from the markets. you’re In taking a packed lunch saving money and you re cutting down on the amount of wasted time. Remember, when you plan on buy-

and

over France are

,

others.

spread the disease to They have an increased chance

By Michelle Timmerman

that these

way and compare

fruit

probing a lunch on the go you will with ably be competing for service

who are on their So instead of seeing

the French workers

lunch as well.

B confused as .

have

all

much

*

often just think they

when

and bun or grab some leftover fruit later in for backpack your pack it in This helps cut down on the day. somecosts throughout the day and on a travelling you’re when times

So before

made an emer-

I

Costco.

included

the same; croissants, coffee. bread, fruit, cereal, juice and or croissant a up wrap can, you If

not morning and quite often did return until after dinner.

is

often, a conti-

stay at a hotel overnight.

pretty

hotel early in the

left the

Most

nental breakfast

home. Third, bring snacks from travelling I was constantly on I

grocery

few days the popular purchases seemed to be a baguette from one of the dozen bakeries, some cheese from the grocery store For the

have your days planned and

Fifth,

While

the go.

little

prices. trip.

myself a belated birthday present But I and went slightly over budget. for all track on stay to managed other purchases on the

to

sure to walk into a few

Be

stores.

But also, I now had a re-usable of the plastic water bottle for the rest

day.

not foolproof.

not

If you want more than just a croissant, get up a little earlier than required before starting off your day near of travelling and scout the area your hotel. Every morning, I would walk the find streets around the hotel and

went back to my hotel room, I broke open the juice crystals, added them to the water, gave it a good shake and within minutes 1 had enough juice to last me an entire

had a rough idea of what and for whom I wanted to purshop chase gifts, so when 1 entered a

may

eat.

water.

I

tor.

On my

and of permanent liver damage liver cancer.

can be transmitted blood trsnsitiissions, to her sex, or from a mother the infant while it is still in

HB'V

through

womb. Infection can occur through: healthI Contact with blood in physiputs this care settings other and dentists, nurses, cians,

health-care personnel at risk.

I Unprotected sex infected person. I Blood transfusions.

with

an

a

tattoo

or

acupuncture with contaminated -

The most common symptoms vomitof HB’V include nausea, fatigue ing. loss of appetite, aches. joint muscle and

more

and

dice, dark urine

light stools

also occur.

may

Most damage from tis

and

severe cases jaun-

B

virus

the hepati-

caused by the

is

body’s response to the infection. One can reduce their chances of catching it through immunizais

an infected mother CJ 5 t

both safe and

People

who

chose

to

receive

three the vaccination will require administered vaccinations within six-month period to achieve full

prevention.

a good idea to

the French

enough. Though

Besides, there

tip

me

to

my

next

The best way

to

at

they

them,

before hand.

Every morning my would make the rounds to the bakery, store and market. One day I would buy the bread and cheese and she would purchase the fruit and luncheon Or we meat and vice versa.

suggestion

and

times

it

may

absolutely no

is

I

experience everything without going into debt is to split the

required

planning

and most important Plan your days, see and most to want the sites you importantly, plan your budget. You want to visit France without

So

friend

cost.

at

could eat an entire baguette by myself, so by sharing I got to experience more French food than own. I would have on my The above tips are merely suggestrip. tions that I found useful on my However, in order for me to succeed

way

with.

brings

and then

seem that you are the one spending more on a given day, in the end it usually works itself out.

best if you have friends to share

share.

eat half

switch. factor I can’t stress the sharing

made sandwich with anything from ham and cheese to chicken, lettuce and tomato. Or if you did manage to snag a croissant or bun from breakfast, buy some luncheon meat from the grocery store and make your own sandwich. This idea works

such as French pas-

we would

tries,

eat their lunch.

Also found at the bakeries are prepared sandwiches. For about 2.30 euros you can purchase a ready-

Which

(Photo by Marcy Cabral)

different,

the sites, you’re wasting time seeing

I

my

final is

plan.

soaking in the culture,

troubles,

you history and experiences, and countr>the visit to definitely want

money

without

would both purchase something

worries.

Queen Mum missed peacefully in her sleep this after-

By Michelle Timmerman

noon

when

The best of Britain was lost Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother passed away peacefully in her sleep March 30. The Queen Mother’s health had been chest

frail

since she suffered from a

infection

over

Christmas.

Doctors were called to Buckingham Palace as her health deteriorated. Darkness fell over Britain when news of the Queen Mother’s death

The Union Flag was lowered to half-mast at Buckingham Palace of and a notice informing the public

Queen Mother

s

was

death

The notice read: "The Queen, with asked for the greatest sadness, has announcement

to

Royal Lodge, \^'indsor. of the Royal Family have

been informed.”

As

the

news

hit the streets

crow ds

began of mourners bearing flowers and gather at Buckingham Palace to

Windsor Palace. As the crowd grew a lone piper Flowers began to play the song. The rememof mark of the Forest, as a brance.

was transferred from in Windsor to the Lodge Royal

Her

coffin

Royal Chapel, where until

it

is

moved

Hall in London. will

to the

it

will

stay

Westminster

The Queen Mother

be the second British royal con-

sort to lie in state.

placed outside the palace gates.

the following

at

Members

the

hit the streets.

the

effective.

a

instruments. I Birth

after.

The vaccine

use.

Receiving

during delivery or shortly there-

tion.

drug I Sharing needles during I

flu

bal traniimit the virus to the baby f-ari transmit can

In the

may be

it

is

it

have time to stop for something

pur-

first

\VC-JJ.

was looking

I

day in France, the first item I bought was a one-litre bottle of

be sure to include a dollar for each gift and remember to consider the exchange rate as

amount

1

travelling

time sensitive schedule you

add some variety

chased peach juice crystals.

impulse purchases. Also on the

knew what

in order to

without spending a fortune

list,

1

Also, a good idea to plan a budget before departing, take a credit card for emergencies.

When

straight.

will prevent yourself from caving

For myself,

for

purchase your favourite type of just- add-water juice mix. I chose to do this because I did not want to drink water for 10 days

before departing for gay Paris.

into

departing

before

trip

France,

be

made immediately. Her beloved mother Queen Elizabeth, died

The Queen Mother’s death comes two months before her daughter Queen Elizabeth ff is set to celebrate 50 her Golden Jubilee, marking years of her term.


Canadian author

story

tells his

By Tannis Wade

writing industry. “The longer you stick with

will

to be an author.

said.

was a beautiful summer day. He was reading a short-story col.lection by Ray Bradbury on the bottom bunk in his bedroom at the

name and know

the family cottage and the inspira-

family cottage.

tional

sounds like part of a fiction story, however, this scene became

Belkom

one of the defining moments in Edo van Belkom's career. The award-winning writer, who

ries.

had.”

I

He way

Death Drives A Semi. 20 short stories, just like Bradbury’s and all of them are “It is

about the same length,” he said. People always wonder where fic-

has definitely then.

come

a long

After attending

degree

creative

in

Belkom was it

would be

make

to

He took

writer.

per

not sure

Van Belkom explains works as a

Author Edo van Belkom visited the college on March 27 as a guest speaker He is pictured here holding his newest book Martyrs.

to

an evening novel

writing class.

reporter

sounding board for

for

next

the

career.

Since

seven years of his

Wyrm Wolf

he has

story collections

realistic

a living as a

a large role in the business side of

writing that has earned

“She helps me with flyers and publications and with design-

ous

how

van

a job as a newspa-

then-daily

the

at

always a all of my

is

things.

ing

He

not completely satisfied with

mediocre news writing, Edo took the plunge and quit his job to write fiction. “The transition was like stepping off a cliff,” he said. He works from his Brampton home where he lives with his wife Roberta and his 10year-old son. Luke. “You really need a good support system and my wife is terrific at his self-proclaimed

my Web

site,”

Edo

said.

struggled for about five years work published, freelancing

to get

and sending material to various magazines and publications. “If I could do that part of my life over again, I would probably have done it

a

little

differently,” he said.

His straightforward writing style finally

earned

called

Wyrm

his first novel

hiifi

Wolf, published in

1995. This started the train rolling

and how-to manu-

als.

He

most known for

is

his horror

him numer-

nominations and including the Horror

awards, Writers Association’s Bram Stoker Award. Ten years from now van Belkom will still be in Canada writing the books he loves. “If I can help it I will

write

money

less

books for more

though,” he said.

believes

Canada

is

He

truly

the best place

Canadian writers to the American market,” he explained. “It is actually easier because there are many small

publishers

are tied up. Don’t leave any proj-

You will week if you

ects or tasks unfinished.

Week of April 8-14

have a successful

Luckiest day: April 13.

Aries!

problems from all make you extra busy this week. As a result you may feel all tied up on your birth-

Cancer: June 22

day.

-

July

22 Battles

between friends

Aries:

March

-

April

to

have

21

You may

start

do too many things

at

once,

all

many people can

Van

not

afford the

can make people

Belkom

longevity, will

It

suggests

patience

that

and stamina

help you to succeed in the

Luckiest day: April 10.

issues or problems with a close

make

Leo: July 23

Scorpio:

9.

week

going to finally be a Taurus: April 20

-

May

Extra pressures coming into your life will make it feel as though you are constantly fighting an uphill battle. With hard work you will achieve success.

Gemini:

May

21

-

June

21

Make

sure

all

loose ends

August

you little

are

more

October 23

-

November 21 People may be coming to you to seek your advice. They know you are honest and to the point. So don’t hold back in being blunt with them.

relaxed.

Take the time to enjoy what your friends and family are offering - it may not be around for

Luckiest day: April Sagittarius:

22

long.

Luckiest day: April

-

If

9.

12.

November

December 21 something has been

holding you back, yoO will finally

inp

Luckiest day: April 14.

-

Virgo:

August

23

September 22 You must complete each task presented to you before you can move on successfully. If you

along.

in

stores

is

set at a ficti-

tious Jesuit college in Ontario. “It

a basic struggle evil,” van'

between good

Belkom

said. “It is

have to find out whodunit, it’s more ItItMt' wo of a ‘how Most recently van Belkom has made a two-book deal with Kensington Publishing. The first

book of

the two, entitled Scream Queen, is centred around a realitybased television show that takes place in a haunted house. Van Belkom came up with a clever tagline that he hopes is used on the books. “It is the reality show to die for,” he said with a grin.

have the answer to let go of that problem or situation. Luckiest day: April

9.

Luckiest day: April 12.

December

onto

TV

By Tannis Wade you watch the daytime-drama My Children, you are soon going to be seeing commercials If

built into the -

February 18

mal. Luckiest day: April Pisces:

8.

February

19

-

show.

The Associated Press cosmetics

leading

heavy workload will have you feeling down and pressured this week. By the beginning of next week things should be back to nor-

Revlon

is

paying

ABC

dollars in order to

reports that

company millions of

be incorporated

into the storyline of the show.

The

on a corpobetween Erica Kane (played by Susan Lucci) and her fictional company. Enchantment, and the real-life makeup giant. rate

story will focus

rivalry

Statistics

show

that a large per-

March 20 You will notice someone around you is trying to get your attention. You may notice a

centage of the show’s viewers tape

change in this person, and as a result you may like them more.

scenes.

Luckiest day: April 10.

show and watch it later. This means that they are able to fast forward the advertising between

the

Now

that

Revlon

will be

written into the show, viewers will

see

much more commercialism

in

the program.

Daniel Roth is a second-year journalism student who has studied astrology

Capricorn:

way All

A

IIV

22 This

January 19

have your attention. If you ignore them it will only make matters worse, so play

all

Luckiest day: April 13.

Luckiest day: April 13.

To prevent anything bad from happening you must listen to each other.

-

Aquarius: January 20

the right choice.

friend this week.

Luckiest day: April

September 23 October 22 For the next week or so you are going to have to weigh the odds of problems even more For the best result consider the facts and figures.

22

Someone is going to go out of his or her way to make sure they

will suffer.

two groups of friends are making you choose between to

It is

Revlon buys

than normal.

them, follow your instinct

19

His newest book called Martyrs.

not your typical mystery where you

bankrupt,” he said.

could leave you feeling stuck. If

drinking up his surroundings.

Another benefit for writers who live in Canada is the health-care system we have here. Many writers like van Belkom are self-employed. This means that they have no health benefits provided by their companies. “If you are working in the U.S. as a writer and you get sick,

“In

Libra:

Issues and

directions could

some-

and

downsides

keep on top of everything.

Happy Birthday

into a novel

the grants they get.”

HOROSCOPE By Daniel Roth

way

time,” he said while his eyes are

is

health care.

to everything.

that

its

sort of

need to publish a certain percentage of Canadian work in order to justify

for a writer but admits there are

Canada there are less places to publish your work for good money, however there is no barrier for

Canada

in

that his brain

sponge or filter. “Everything you see and experience in life gets locked away somewhere so it can be used eventually,” he said. “Even this office, this stpry and this trip to the campus will

make he said. “She

Not only does she hear her husband’s novel ideas and work a fulltime job of her own, she also takes

Cambridge Reporter. Still

(Photo by Tannis Wade)

published 22 other novels, short-

writing,

with their

seemingly endless vault of ideas.

ideas.”

York University and earning a

come up

writers

tion

that,”

since

book by Bradbury, van has dreamed of publishing

tled

when people read them they will have the same feeling of wonder that

at

own short stoHe mimics Bradbury’s style exactly in his own collection enti-

to write stories like his so

your

see

work you sub-

a collection of his

from Brampton, was so inspired by the Bradbury book called The October Country, he decided that is what he wanted to do with his life. “1 finished one story and I thought, ‘Wow, that was fantastic.’ Then Td read the next story and it was terrific too and I decided that’s what I want to be,” van Belkom want

the

Ever since the bunk bed days

hails

“I

your work,” he

“Publishers will

mit will be good quality.”

It

said.

the

will begin to trust

It

-

work more people

the better your

it

become and

Edo van Belkom remembers the precise moment he knew he wanted

and other

ant issues for four years.

clairvoy-

According to an article on TV Guide Online, Revlon representahave the opportunity to review the storylines before they tives will

are put into action.


SPOKE, April

Story

Hayes

a mom’s

is

issue of an abducted child, and

Every mother’s worst nightmare is

to outlive her child. In the novel

The Deep End of the Ocean, this nightmare comes true, and it looks

how

at

the family reacts and

heals themselves.

The

book

three children arc

school

high

a

begins

on

their

way

to

Upon

reunion.

where

arriving at the hotel,

the

She

then leaves them for five minutes to sign into the hotel.

few moments away, Beth looks back and notices that Ben is missing. She and the rest After a

of the people in the hotel begin a frantic search for the child. After an hour, the police are called

in.

The family ends up searching for their child for more than nine and then with a dramatic plot twist, one day out of the blue, Ben shows up unexpected at the Cappadora’s home. His name has been changed to Sam and he

years,

memory of his biological He must then try to live

has no family.

with them, and the Cappadora family must put themselves back togemer. Missing children stories are not

new. This novel deals with the

son taken

The book

also narrates the story

Vincent.

he

is

When

New album

Hayes has a couple of other highlights on his CD which are more up tempo and use more of a techno beat including the songs What You Like and the

Creepin’

Up On

Crush (1980 Me)

to

movie

Game

www.uproar.com. Also found on the

t>i»scci

games and many

uproar.com,

who

logs

site.

However, some games can only played by Uproar members. These games include the slots and most of the other casino-oriented games. In addition, you should be advised that in order to collect and be

redeem the points earned by playing any game you must be a member.

For

instance,

when

playing

Family Feud you receive points based on the point value of your answers.

At the end of the game

you are given a point

total,

but

some the

matter,

it’s

the

enjoyment

playing the

games

available

on

serious

the

drum beat, Creepin’ own flair. Dirty has a

voice.

strong dance beat, and interesting

with a

with a strong its

lyrics but lost

Hayes sounds more

Backstreet

Boy

like a

than anything

lyrics

heard

nected to the Internet, the albwm features a CD extra. You can play

computer and it has Darren Hayes Web site

the disc in the

His powerful and engaging voice is pushed even further in the tech-

links to the

no-sounding Crush (1980 Me), which brings you back to the ‘80s

a special feature that allows

its lyrical

descriptions of

life

the

For those that have a computer CD-ROM drive and are con-

else.

with

in

beginning of the song and Hayes’

www.daiTenhayes.com as well as you to see new videos off the album with a

at

Shockwave

player.

The games work on well.

3

^

USED CD DUTLET

begins. real time, as

There are actual commercial

breaks after each round, so even when you’re actually playing the

game you still have to wait for it. Also, when you’re playing a round, you are playing at the same time as other people around the world and the speed of the game is measured by the

slowest person currently

www.beatgoeson.com 519 893-2464

atCHEMER 385 FAIRWAY RD.

S.

) ( (CANADIAN TIRE PLAZA)

playing.

Even though

a waiting period

usually required this site

is

is

filled

bored person occupied tor

you get out of playing the game. Although, 1 thoroughly enjoy

combined

to actu-

your score never existed. don’t

later

playing

with entertaining games and many interesting things to keep any

you’re like me, the points

is

various club beats mix nicely with

game shows

you are a member your accumulated points disappear and if

Creepin’ Up On You, written by Nowles, combines different instrumentation and beats to create a unique sound. Starting with a full

and culture during the era. The title song Spin has a strong and unique rhythm nearly forcing you to get up and dance. The mix of

faults.

When

unless

But

Savage

this

game. For example. if you log on and the game is only on the second round you have to wait until that game is finished and a new one

These games can be playe^ free

in

Garden.

have

board

of charge and by anyone

onto the

does

site

ally wait for the

of solitaire.

anything he ever did

orchestra that

CD-ROM

(Photo by Nicole Childs)

site

you have trivia,

apart from

Darren Hayes also features special

on

at

different versions

it

for

on the book

site are arcade

games, bingo, puzzles,

You, Dirty and set

CD

1999, starring in out Michelle Phieffer as Beth.

Web

online

song Spin.

solo

came

The old-school game shows are back, but not in the form you may ycxpect. Family Feud, To Tell the Truth, Name that Tune and Match

now be played

first

capabilities.

club.

Start feuding

can

title

The new album is definitely a new sound for Hayes. Songs like

list

*

gaming

is

The

creates

belong to Oprah Winfrey’s book of the month

honour

Can’t Ever

a new sound for Hayes.

when it came out in 1996. The Deep End of the Ocean also has the

I

definitely

and Vincent to life. The characters seem real and truly interesting. The novel was number 1 on the best-seller

Afanasieff has

Get Enough of You and I Miss You, which arc slightly reminiscent of Savage the ballads heard in Garden.

and more ashamed of what happened to his brother. Vincent feels unloved, and when his younger brother does come back into his life, most of what he feels is resentment and anger at everyone around him. The book is emotional and very well written. Author Jacquelyn Mitchard does a wonderful job bringing the characters of Beth

older,

York Times

others.

Strange Relationship,

only seven years old,

but through the years, he grows

New

the

for

recently released single Insatiable,

story

the

looking

done production for such artists as Ricky Martin and Mariah Carey. The CD features songs like the

her.

through the eyes of the oldest starts

three-year-old brother Ben.

with

still

child,

old Vincent, to watch out for his

If

Nowcis and

are

mom

being held, the

is

solo album.

first

badly neglects the children that'

their

you’re

of the

keeps the reader riveted

It

the oldest child, seven-year-

reunion tells

in

Beth Cappadora and her

198.5.

release of his

by showing the emotional breakdown of the mother Beth. By having her favourite son taken away, she chooses to give up on life. She spends weeks at a time in bed and

who had

family

away.

spin

artist

melodic sweet tones of such .Savage Garden songs as Truly Madly Deeply, you won’t find them on this album. Hayes produced the CD. which was released in late March, with Walter producer-songwriter Rick songwriter Afanasieff,

lives

— Page 11

Darren Hayes new world with the

Australian spins into a

goes further into the

2002

By Nicole Childs

worst nightmare By Kathleen Deschamps

new

offers

8,

at least

a

few hours. If you know of any new and interesting sites e-mail me at ahhymar-

cy@hotmail.com and it appear in a future column.

may

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KING)

519) 622-7774

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Page 12

— SPOKE, April

8,

2002

Canadian NHL fans will have little

Leafs’ trade for Barasso

means

goalies galore

cheer about

to But

Schwab may be

E/ Shannon McBride

trade deadline.

only reliable choice They would be

left

with no goalie for the playoffs.

Eeny meeny miney moe, catch

Tom

a

goalie by the toe.

may

This

Barasso was acquired from

be the method

before the trade deadline.

Toronto Maple Leaf Coach Pat Quinn uses to choose which of his

the

three excellent goalies he’ll put in

be a No.

net during this year’s Stanley

first

work with. But what will happen when Joseph comes back is anybody’s guess.

able at $3 million for both.

Cup

game

February,

the

Leafs’

He

weeks. Leaf fans everywhere panicked. But much to their delight, back-

least six

up-goalie Corey fill

At

this point, the

potentially

Over

the

though

still

for

the

is

Leafs have two

excellent

goalies

past month,

to

Schwab,

seen as back-up goalie,

has earned the right to play in the

Knowing to err

this, but still choosing on the side of caution, the

Leafs’

management decided they

needed an insurance goalie.Not a bad idea considering the implica-

Schwab

games

possibility.

and has done

an incredible job.

tions of a

a

Schwab stepped

the position

25

this season.

in

told he could not play for at

to

goalie for the Leafs hav-

becoming more

goalie,

star

for

Trading Joseph of

back

Curtis Joseph, injured his hand.

up

1

played

ing

hands.

game

injury after the

lost dur-

He hasn’t played since. That leaves Joseph. Quinn doesn’t seem to be rushing him back. He may want the injury to heal completely, or he may feel that he doesn’t need Joseph anymore. Quinn may be trying to prepare the Leafs for a season without Joseph. Trading Joseph is becoming more of a possibility as the day of his free agent status approaches. With Joseph demanding over $7 million per year, Schwab and Barasso are looking quite reason-

Olympic break, they have had an interesting situation on their that

Washington Capitols and

Hurricanes, but has the potential to

after the

During

the Leafs against the

ing the dying minutes of the third

Hurricanes

Ever since the Leafs’

goalie

Barasso has only played one

game with

playoffs.

He

has

won

a significant

number of games with the Leafs, making a weak defensive line look decent. It

would be unfair

to

deny him

the chance to play in the playoffs

r

period.

If

management

latter

the

six

option,

is

considering the

may

Quinn

put

Schwab in net for the playoffs. If management has something else up its sleeve, young Schwab may still be the No.l man for the Leafs. After all, Joseph and Barasso will be rusty. Schwab may be the only reliable choice.

jj

^

management

in

strategies to help you

Hockey

is

no longer about the

Only two Canadian teams are guaranteed playoff spots and they will likely meet each other in the

management look

first

round.

Toronto Maple Leafs and Ottawa Senators do meet, it will be the third year in a row for this matchup. And it will be the If the

the

year

third

It’s

about the money. for

the

amount of money. With the as low as the Mexican peso, Canadian teams have little to' work with in a prileast

row

a

in

a

that

Canadian team is eliminated in the first round of the playoffs. With only two teams guaranteed a spot in the

first

round, this

leaves only one Canadian team

guaranteed a spot in the second

marily American-based league.

What’s monetary

to

be done about the

crisis?

all Canadian would be forced to play for Canadian teams. That would bring the game back home. It would boost morale and have us all cheering for the guys whose

In a perfect world,

players

we

round of the playoffs, and the chances for Canada become slimmer and slimmer with each pass-

Every game would be like the gold medal Olympic game in Salt

ing round.

Lake

This

a

is

significant

pattern

emerging in the NHL, and with hockey being Canada’s so-called

leagues

sponsored.

Players

City.

fighting

for

would be

pride of their

the

country and the pride of their

the winning goal in a

game. And, of course, every game would have the audience of the Super Bowl’s scale. Only in a perfect world could any of this happen. uiiiii Lii^ii, me Locals and Senators should not be permitted to play another first round against each other. Frankly, it’s becoming too pre-

game.

dictable.

national

sport,

getting

it’s

depressing for hockey fans across the country.

The root of the problem somewhere far beyond the t>ack.yiir<J

or

lies

ice

tlio i\^l-

evisioh set in your living room. It

reaches past the pride of a par-

whose young one just scored peewee

a day? Check out these time the most of your every minute.

make

TIME STRATEGY Don't procrastinate. If

the job iittle

is

too large to finish

at a time.

big projects feel

in

one go, do

Break down the task. If overwhelming break them

into smalier more manageable parts. get more done if you can do it piece by piece. Having goals too big can scare

down

i

leps

10

You'll

you away from starting.

My

do It first and get it over with. Know your peak times. If you're more productive and mentally alert In the distasteful,

morning, then schedule

mother

disease.

that

If it's

difficult

tasks then.

It’s

dying from Huntington

is

an inherited brain disorder

M if

they develop the disease, then their

children fate those same

may it

disease

fiftj-t'ifty

odds.

Just like

take 10, 15

- even 25 -

finally kills her.

gift

of life.

mother,

I

What have

wanted to give done instead?

1

years

And even then,

may not go to the

my

.

the

before

lit tPio."

slowly chipping away at her

is

mind. ..her body.. .her soul

li

it’s

the

grave with her.

But there

Ls

hope. Recent research

breakthroughs have brought us closer than ever to finding a cure.

Design Clear Goals. Think about what you want and what needs to be done to it. Keep your sights realistic and get organized. Have all the materials you need ready before you being the task.

get

You

see.

once you develop Huntington

disease, there's a

will pass the

50 percent chance you

gene responsible for

Huntington's along to your children.

And

With your support, we disease once

and

for

all.

will beat this

Please call the

Huntington Society of Canada today.

Set Priorities. Write down all the things that need to be done in order of their importance. The greater the importance, the higher the priority. Start at the top and work your way down. ^^^^^Huntingtorr Sociefy

Don't torture yourself by leaving things to the last minute. Use a reward system to help you do what you don't look forward to doing. Take a stand. Commit yourself to doing the task. Write yourself a contract.

best

players a team can attain for the

Time breaks down into months, weeks, days, hours, minutes and seconds. Waste those and reality is you're wasting the precious currency of your life. So how do you focus and organize your days when you've got a million things to do?

a

Team

loonie dipping

j^

Management

of the stingiest businessmen in America.

game.

ibt

WATCHING THE CLOCK Every wish there were more hours

Canada,

play for Lord Stanley’s Cup.

ent

Tips for Time

Hockey

in

left

three are fighting for the right to

rink in your

1*1

The dilemma roots itself deep down in the pocketbooks of some

National

League teams

the

playoffs.

was

back-up

He was

Of

hard work during the reg-

ular season.

the Carolina Hurricanes not long

just

after his

By Shannon McBride

^

of

Canada

HUNTINGTON Canoda

SociStS Hurrtirrgton du

-9S8-7388 Cb3WaI?ii;

Nymber

5516 RRCCOI


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