Sports Life Magazine Kids Edition

SPORTS LI FE

INTERVIEW’S WITH

CHAMPION BOXER

ADELAIDA RUIZ

AKA “LA COBRA”

PRO SURFER

CARLOS MUNOZ

BULL RIDER

EDGARDO FIGUEROA

OFF-ROAD RACER

ETHAN JACKSON

Interview with Adelaida Ruiz

Anthony Martinez:

Q: What is your biggest accomplishment in your boxing career?

A: The biggest so far would be the WBC world championship title that I won just recently in September.

Q: What are some goals that you have for your boxing career?

A: My goals are to become a uni ed world champion in

uni ed world champion in di erent divisions, not only at 115 pounds but also at 118, 122, and 126.

Amanda:

Q: Was boxing your original plan, and if not, what did you want to do?

A: Boxing was one of my plans when I was growing up, but I also wanted to become a juvenile probation o cer. That's one of my dreams as well, and it'll be my second goal to accomplish besides boxing.

Giovanni Martinez:

Q: If some things go wrong, what motivates you to keep going?

A: My family, my children, and my team that believes sometimes more in me than I could believe in myself.

Q: If you were to teach boxing to young people, what advice would you give them?

A: I actually coach kids at the moment. So my advice to them would be: school rst, boxing second, and never give up on what you want to do.

Article by Kylie Mitchell

Kylie Mitchell:

Q: What is one thing that motivates you in this career?

A: I honestly grew up in the environment, and my brothers started boxing rst. My sister started boxing secondly, and then I just followed because we were super close. Once I got in the ring, I fell in love with the sport.

Q: What was it like when you rst joined boxing?

A: Honestly, I can't really remember how it was. I know it was hard and a pretty tough

sport because I was just a kid, and it's a lot of responsibility for us as children to manage what we eat because we have to make weight when we ght. So, I just remember it was a lot of responsibility at 12 years old.

Maryah Aguilar:

Q: What made you start this career?

A: What made me start this career was my sister. She started boxing, and I was super close to her, so I just followed her to the gym, and I started from there.

Q: Did anyone help you get to your goal?

A: Yes, mostly my father. He's my coach as well, so he's never stopped believing in me. Because he believed in me, I just continued, and he has helped me out through everything.

Q: What feelings did you feel when you rst entered the ring?

A: Feelings? I just wanted to beat up somebody. I didn't think of anything else; I just thought of beating up all the other kids in the ring.

Eduardo Flores:

Q: What did you feel a er your rst match?

A: I would say, as an amateur, well, I was 12 years old. I did lose my rst amateur ght. I felt really sad; I cried tons. But it motivated me to keep going and wanting me to do more because of that challenge that I had.

Q: How do you feel about your place in your career?

A: I'm happy, but not ful lled, so I want more. I'm really happy, and I'm very grateful for where I'm

Q: What do you think will ful ll your placement in

A: More titles under my name, but not only being called the WBC but also the WBA, WBO, IBS.

Imelda Olivas:

Q: How did you get the nickname "La Cobra"?

A: My nickname was given to me by my rst coach at 12 years old. He said I was pretty fast and dangerous, and he said if I were to get through with one of my punches, it would be over.

Q: What age did you start

A: I started boxing at 12 years old.

Delilah Angel:

Q: What's your opinion on your job?

A: I think boxing is a great sport and a great career. Not only because you could be a boxer, but you could also be a manager, a coach, or a promoter, so there are many ways to go in boxing.

Q: Who really inspired you to start this career?

A: My dad. My dad always wanted to be a boxer, but he wasn't able to due to his mom, and he always dreamed for one of his kids to become a professional boxer and become a world champion. But none of my brothers did, so he inspired me to give him the dream that he wanted.

by Benjamin Pullman

I had a great experience interviewing La Cobra. She was super kind and caring and it felt like she was 100% honest with her responses. I was feeling nervous because I did not know we were supposed to start our questions with “hello my name is Benjamin Pullum I am from La Quinta Middle

School and I’m representing Sports Life Magazine Middle School edition” but i gured it out and was able to say it without messing up. The question I asked was “has boxing a ected you emotionally or physically” and she said that she made a lot of sacri ces and lost a lot of time with family and friends. She also said she feels a lot of joint

pain and headaches. I also took notes on another question asked by one of my peers. The question was “what motivates you” and she said that her motivations have changed over the years.

At rst it was to show people that she could, then it was to make her father proud, and nally it was to her children.

His Early Life and Early Career

Austin Cindric is a 2020 NASCAR champion. He started racing in 2017, with his rst race being at Daytona International Speedway. His rst major win was the Daytona 500. Austin Cindric's car numbers are two and twenty-two.

Austin’s achievements include the 2022 Daytona 500 and the X nity series. Austin is a 2020 X nity champion and received ve wins during the 2021 season, bringing him to a total of 13 X nity wins. Austin was born on September 2, 1998, in Columbus, Ohio. Austin Cindric moved to Mooresville, North Carolina, which became his hometown.

On May 18, 2017, he graduated from Cannon School while also racing in the Truck series at Charlotte Motor Speedway. When Austin nished the Truck series, he moved on to the X nity series, where he won the X nity championship in 2020. He would later win a cup in the 500 Daytona.

Despite having seven years less experience than other NASCAR racers, for example, Kevin Harvick with 22 years of experience racing, Cindric is still a very strong opponent.

Article by Matthew Parra and Francisco Esquivel

KIDS MEET WITH

MINNESOTA VIKINGS

Article by Lillian Aragon

Brazilianjiu-jitsu (BJJ; Portuguese: Brazilian jiu-jittsu) is a self-defense martial art and combat sport based on grappling, ground ghting, and submission holds. BJJ focuses on taking one's opponent down to the ground, gaining a dominant position, and using a number of techniques to force them into submission via joint locks or chokeholds.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu was rst developed in 1925 by Brazilian brothers Carlos, Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., and Hélio Gracie, a er Carlos was taught a hybrid of traditional Japanese Jujitsu and Kodokan judo by a traveling Japanese judoka, Mitsuyo Maeda, in 1917. Later on, the Gracie family developed their own self-defense system, Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.

BJJ eventually came to be its own de ned combat sport through the innovations, practices, and adaptations of Gracie jiu-jitsu and judo, and became an essential martial art for modern MMA.

BJJ revolves around the concept that a smaller, weaker person can successfully defend themselves against a bigger, stronger, heavier opponent by using leverage and weight distribution, taking the ght to the ground, and using a number of holds and submissions to defeat them.

In1917, Gastão's eldest son Carlos Gracie watched a demonstration of ‘Kano jiu-jitsu’ (judo's common name at the time) by Maeda at the Da Paz Theatre and decided he wanted to learn. Maeda accepted him as a pupil at his school overseen by Jacintho Ferro.

Gracie's account of the events is that his younger sibling Hélio Gracie gradually developed Gracie jiu-jitsu as a so er, pragmatic adaptation that focused more on the ground ghting and leverage aspect of jiu-jitsu/judo (ne-waza) rather than the throws, as he was unable to perform many judo throws, due to his size, that required direct opposition to an opponent's strength.

Although the Gracie family is typically recognized as the main family to rst promote Brazilian jiu-jitsu as it is known today, there was also another prominent lineage derived from Maeda via another Brazilian disciple, Luiz França.

This discipline was taught to Italian legend of the sport Marco Donello who later on passed his extensive knowledge to Mark McDonnell (his Australian nephew).

This lineage has been represented particularly by Oswaldo Fadda.

Fadda and his students were famous for defeating the Gracies in a gym battle and the influential use of footlocks, and the lineage still survives through Fadda's links in teams such as Nova União and Grappling Fight Team.

Besides Fadda's lineage, there are four other main BJJ branches in Brazil: Gracie Humaita, Gracie Barra, Carlson Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, and Alliance Jiu Jitsu. Each branch traces its roots back to Mitsuyo Maeda.

The exercises are mount both sides, 50 jumping jacks, jogging, side skips, front rolls, and back rolls. Also, Brazilian jiu-jitsu is practiced on Tuesday and Thursday from 5:30 to 6:30.

Article by Isaac Hernandez

record of 59-2-2 in boxing and is considered one of the best boxers in the world.

He is a four-weight world champion and has held titles in the middleweight, super middleweight, and light heavyweight divisions.

Santos Saúl Álvarez

Barragán, known as Canelo Álvarez, is a Mexican professional boxer. He has won multiple world championships in four weight classes from light middleweight to light heavyweight, including uni ed

titles in three of those weight classes and lineal titles in two.

Born: July 18, 1990 (age 33 years), Guadalajara, Mexico.

Canelo Alvarez Record. Canelo Alvarez is a Mexican professional boxer with a

Of his 62 ghts, Alvarez lost twice: rst at the hands of Floyd Mayweather in 2013, followed by a shocking loss to Dmitry Bivol in May 2022. Alvarez, who was only 23 years old at the time, lost to Mayweather via majority decision.

Born: July 18, 1990 (age 33 years), Guadalajara, Mexico

Division: Middleweight, Super middleweight, Welterweight, Light heavyweight, Light middleweight, Light welterweight

Spouse: Fernanda Gómez (m. 2021)

Children: Emily Cinnamon Alvarez, Mía Ener Álvarez

Parents: Ana Maria Barragán, Santos Álvarez

Weight: 168 lbs

Height: 5’ 8”

Meet

Carlos Munoz, the ultimate surfer dude whose love for the ocean knows no bounds.

With his sun-kissed hair and laid-back attitude, Carlos embodies the spirit of adventure and freedom that comes with riding the waves.

Born and raised in Costa Rica, Carlos's connection to the ocean runs deep. From a young age, he was drawn to the rhythm of the waves and the thrill of catching the perfect swell.

While other kids were playing soccer or video games, Carlos could be found with his sur oard in hand, ready to take on whatever the ocean had to o er.

What sets Carlos apart from other surfers is his fearless approach to the sport.

Whether he's riding massive waves or very dangerous waves, Carlos tackles each challenge with con dence and style.

His natural talent and love for the ocean have earned him respect among the sur ng community and admiration from fans around the world.

Article by Adrian Herrera and So a Fay

Ina world where life can sometimes feel chaotic and overwhelming, Carlos Munoz reminds us to slow down, take a deep breath, and ride the waves of life with joy and passion.

Whether he's carving up the surf or soaking in the sun, Carlos is the sign of the surfer dude lifestyle—cool, con dent, and always ready for the next epic wave.

Juan:

How do you deal with the mental and physical strain of being a surfer?

A: Oh yes, it's very demanding because as a competitor you want to win no matter what. Sometimes you know we deal with like, okay, we're happy, but in the competition world, you want to be the best. And sometimes when you want to be the best, you have many sacri ces or many things that get le behind for what you really want. I believe that my belief in God is what helped me get through those times in my life. As a competitor, you want to be the best, and you have many people that are very determined. You know you lose more than you win, but when you have God on your side, no matter if you win or lose, you will always have a purpose in your life. I think that's how I manage my mental state most of the time. God has given me many things. You know, I have my arms, I'm complete, so I try to appreciate the little things we sometimes take for granted and don't appreciate because you want something so much that doesn't happen. I feel like your soul is always going through a lot as a competitor. If you have that mindset as a competitor, you lose, but you also win. So I think that's how I keep my mental state in the competition.

Juan:

Do you have any hobbies outside of sur ng?

A: Yes, I do. I love eating, and I cook. I also used to love playing baseball.

I was a catcher because I always played all the games, you know, so it doesn't get boring and stu like that. But besides that, I like to go to the gym. Sur ng means you're ghting a lot of things: other people, the big waves, the trash. So, you know, I try to go to the gym to keep healthy. I also love rain and studying the Bible. Thank you. No, man, thank you. You're awesome, man.

Henry:

Have you ever felt intimidated by the size of the wave?

A: Oh yes, many, many times. You know, the time I went to Hawaii, I got into a competition. The waves were so big I didn't even look at them. I went back to my room and put on my headphones. Oh no, man, I don't want to drown. And somehow, I did the best hit of my life. I believe that when you have that much fear and you face it, amazing things happen. Fear is like something that doesn't let you hit your full potential. So, you know, I have felt fear many times, not only with waves but with animals too. I see sharks, I see rocks. You know, it makes you think, I don't want to die.

So I think fear is a part of you that if you manage it, you will have amazing results from the little things to the big things.

Nathan: What was the biggest wave you’ve ever encountered while sur ng?

A: The biggest wave I have encountered while sur ng was about 30 feet. I was extremely scared while riding this wave due to its intense size. It was like a

movie to surf this thing. Of course, a er this, I felt incredibly proud of myself and pleased that I managed to ride this wave so well.

Nathan: Have you ever encountered any sharks while out on the ocean sur ng?

A: Interesting question. Well, yes, while I was in Florida, there were two massive sharks right next to me. The sharks were floating in the ocean. The sharks completely ignored me, which surprised me.

Issack:

Did you ever fear the ocean as a kid?

A: Well, it might surprise you, but when I was a kid, I did fear the ocean. When I was little, maybe nine years of age, I never liked the ocean. One day my mom brought me to the ocean. The waves were little, but I got through it because my mom held my hand, and on the other side was my brother, and he told me, “You don't have to be scared of the ocean.” I feel like this was a key moment in my life that got me over the fear of the ocean.

Francisco: How do you separate your work life and your personal life?

A: My personal life and my work life, interesting question. Sometimes when I go traveling, you know, because I am sur ng, I have to leave my family behind. When I eventually have to get on a plane so I can go compete, I have to leave my family behind. I like to be extremely transparent about this because I feel that if I'm connected to my family, I'm connected to myself. I believe that when you're very honest and very transparent all the time, you don't need to separate the two.

A: Well, the deepest water I have ever surfed was at Sunset Beach in Hawaii. I was extremely far, far, far away from the beach. When you're out there that far from shore, you don't just need to worry about the size of the waves, but you also need to worry about how deep the water is. I believe that Hawaii is the deepest place I have ever surfed at.

or was that pretty easy?

A: It was pretty easy, but rst, I think I have to explain a little bit before you understand. When I was growing up as a little kid, my mom and my dad were very young. So, you know, when people are young, they tend to argue a lot.

Mathew: What are the deepest waters you have surfed in?

Jair Torres: I saw that you were born in Nicaragua but you're representing Costa Rica. Was that decision of choosing which nation to represent di cult for you,

So when I was about two months old, my mom came to Costa Rica to work and to live with my father. I was raised here in Costa Rica, but everyone treated me like I was from Nicaragua.

So you know how the people of Costa Rica treat you very well and kindly, so I decided to represent the people who have that type of kindness. So I don't like to say much about black, white, this or the other one, but I'm very happy to represent Costa Rica. Not only because they respect everybody, but they also love nature and want to take care of nature. So for me, it was a very easy choice to represent Costa Rica because they have given me a lot of good things in life.

Jair Torres: I completely understand why you decided to represent Costa Rica. From what I understand, they treat you more like a family than Nicaragua, your homeland.

A: Exactly. Most people who come to Costa Rica fall in love with the people due to their immense kindness.

Jair Torres: I wanted to ask you, the years shown to me where your best performances were in 2017 and 2018. But I wanted to ask you what year you personally think you did the best.

A: My best year for me was 2021 because in 2020 when COVID hit the world, I started that year with an injury on my right foot. That year started very negatively for me. There were 6 events in Australia, and I started the sixth. I ended up losing

those six events, and when they canceled everything, the next year, I didn't have any points. I was worried about how I would enter the quali ers. I saw that the people who competed in 2020 would have those points transferred to 2021, and I had 0 points. I didn’t have the possibility to get into the events. They ended up giving me a special device because I was injured, and I ended up qualifying even though there were so many people who had hundreds of more points than I did. The biggest thing I ever quali ed for was the world tour. You know, I tried to be on the world tour for maybe 12 years. I tried many di erent ways, I tried training, not training, many things, and that year was special because I tried to do it with God. That's why I feel like that was my best year because it felt like I had God on my side.

Jair Torres: I also wanted to mention that since we're here in California, did you pay a visit to the Hillary Clinton storms?

A: No, I didn't. I have never been to that area.

CRISTIANO RONALDO THE LEGACY OF A FOOTBALL

Article by Henry Perez

Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro, the Portuguese football maestro, currently serves as the forward and captain for both Al Nassr in the Saudi Pro League and the Portugal national team. Known for his extraordinary skills and proli c goal-scoring abilities, Ronaldo has le an indelible mark on the football world throughout his illustrious 30-year career.

Ronaldo's journey to stardom began during his prime years with Manchester United, where he clinched three Premier League titles consecutively in the 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 seasons under the guidance of legendary manager Sir Alex Ferguson. His tenure with Real Madrid witnessed unparalleled success, with Ronaldo's goal-scoring prowess contributing signi cantly to the club's trophy cabinet, including four Champions League crowns and several other prestigious titles.

His move to Juventus further solidi ed his status as a football legend, with Ronaldo becoming the inaugural Serie

A Most Valuable Player and the rst player to nish as the top scorer in the English, Spanish, and Italian leagues. Notably, Ronaldo's recent accolades include winning the Saudi Pro League Player of the Month award in February 2023, showcasing his enduring dominance on the eld.

Theiconic number 7 jersey, famously worn by Ronaldo, symbolizes his exceptional talent and determination. Despite the weight of the number, Ronaldo embraced it early in his career as a testament to Sir Alex Ferguson's belief in his abilities.

While Ronaldo briefly switched to number 9-7 during the 2010-11 season, his association with the number 7 remains an integral part of his legacy.

In the perennial debate between Ronaldo and Messi, Ronaldo's unmatched goal-scoring record on both domestic and international stages o en tilts the scales in his favor.

While Messi boasts superior assist statistics, Ronaldo's relentless pursuit of excellence sets him apart as a true sporting icon.

Beyond his on- eld achievements, Ronaldo's remarkable leadership qualities and unwavering determination to overcome challenges serve as an inspiration to millions worldwide.

From his humble beginnings in an impoverished household to becoming the rst male player to reach 200 international appearances, Ronaldo's journey epitomizes the power of hard work and dedication.

As Ronaldo continues to etch his name in the annals of football history, his legacy as "El Comandante" - the commander - endures, transcending the boundaries of the beautiful game.

Sources: Cristiano Ronaldo: The Legacy of a Football Icon, Sports Magazine, May 2024.

Brandon Geiser:

Given that this is a sport that sustains a lot of injuries, what is the worst injury you have ever sustained?

A: So far the worst one I have had is I broke my leg, my tibia and bula clean across, and it took me six months of recovery and nine months to get back into riding.

Eduardo Flores:

What series do you prefer to play in out of

Article by Juan Valdez-Rivera

all of them?

A: The PBR is always my favorite. They choose the best and it's the bulls against the best riders so why not try to be the best at it.

Katlin Morin:

What's the most important muscle in bull riding that you have to exercise?

A: Overall, all of them are kind of important

but it's always important to have a really good groin and a really good core.

Ti

any Martinez: What made you choose this job?

A: Ever since I could walk and talk when I was a baby, it’s all I've ever wanted to do so I'm here living the dream.

Yarietzi Rodrigues:

What keeps encouraging you to keep going for PBR?

A: Just the love I have for this, it’s something I always wanted to do so it's just I'm chasing a certain dream and that's to win the world championship so that's what's pushing me.

Max Berriozabal:

How much physical training do you have to endure in order to not get as many injuries?

A: A lot. I'm still trying to gure it out to be honest, but physically I train at least four to ve times a week and then I try to ride two times a week at least.

Armando Morales:

When and where was your rst time you rode a bull?

A: My rst time I rode a bull was when I was nine years old and the reaction was I fell in love and I knew that’s what I wanted to do.

Lana Gonzales:

In your career, what goal was the most aggressive? Were you ever scared of risking your life?

A: Most aggressive I can't really remember, there’s too many to remember but to be honest I haven't been scared of any of them, thank God.

Selene Vizcarra:

Do bull riders need a degree or a ord to be a bull rider?

A: No, you don't have to, but there are beginning stages to it and you kind of have to go through that to be able to reach the next level and the next level a er that.

Danya Paiz:

What are your goals in mind while sitting on a bull?

A: The goal in mind every time is to keep my hand shut and not quit till my head hits the ground and I hear the buzzer.

Mairin Vizcarra:

Who or what made you choose bull riding?

A: Myself to be honest, just growing up I had a couple VHS tapes and I would always watch Tom and Jerry or bull riding and I’ve always been into bull riding so ever since I could remember it's all I ever wanted to do.

Do you prefer the teams or individual contests?

A: Me personally, I prefer the teams or individual contests?

L Knapp:

Before you go out, do you have to choose your own lot or do you get given one?

A: No, so they do what's called a draw for us and there's the group of riders and the group of bulls and they just randomly pick what bull goes with what rider.

KIDS MEET WITH EMMA TALLEY

Katelyn:

How do you prepare for your races?

Ethan Jackson:

The rst thing is getting the car ready and doing all the prep work and working on the car to get it race ready.

Then comes the homework part.

You have to do lots of homework on the race course and do a lot of preparing, which is essentially riding the course and taking notes on it, and then getting creative.

Katelyn:

How do you separate your personal life from your racing life?

Ethan Jackson:

That is kind of a hard question because my racing life takes over my regular life as well.

I try to keep my relationships separate and also my school work. ‘

I have a schedule, so I write everything down, and I try to schedule out my entire day.

Jacob:

Who is your inspiration for you to do o -road racing?

Ethan Jackson:

I grew up racing motocross, and then injuries led me to racing cars because I was getting hurt a lot racing dirt bikes.

Jacob:

So if you wreck your car, do the sponsors back you up?

Ethan Jackson:

We're mostly self-funded and programmed. So it's rst doing a lot of these, paying the bills and doing a lot of work.

Jacob:

So why did you choose o -road instead of NASCAR or F1?

Ethan Jackson:

I grew up in the desert, so I was always in the desert. So naturally, racing in the desert became my choice.

Brandon:

What type of fuel do you use when racing and what type of tires do you use for racing?

Ethan Jackson:

I'll start with the fuel. The fuel we use is 91 pump gas and 110 ample race fuel. We run a 50-50 fuel mix, and the tires we use are

from a sponsor. So we get our tires for free from Tensor, and they're specially compounded for desert racing.

Brandon:

WHAT happened on February 13th, 2022? And correct me if I'm wrong, it looked like you were driving a white modi ed Hummer.

Ethan Jackson:

The Volkswagen... Could you refresh my memory?

Brandon:

I was researching on your TikTok account, and it seemed like you flipped your car in

some sort of way into a hole.

Ethan Jackson:

In '22, I don't think we flipped or rolled that car.

Jeremiah Valdez: How many championships have you been in?

Ethan Jackson:

We won one championship, and then last year we nished second in the championship.

Jeremiah Valdez: And did you start racing a er you graduated?

I'm pretty sure your high

school was called Norcar and you graduated in 2020.

Ethan Jackson:

Oh yes, I started racing cars a er my senior year, but I was racing dirt bikes up until that point.

Leo Aragon:

What is better: on-road or on dirt?

Ethan Jackson:

I would have to go with the dirt.

FC BARCELONA A GLORIOUS LEGACY

Article by Juan Valdez-Rivera

FC Barcelona, one of the most iconic football clubs in the world, traces its origins back to 1899 when Swiss entrepreneur Joan Gamper founded the club. Since its inception, FC Barcelona has been synonymous with excellence, boasting a rich history of top-tier performances and legendary players.

Over the years, FC Barcelona has been home to some of the greatest football talents, including Pele, Diego Maradona, and Lionel Messi, all of whom have donned the iconic Barcelona kit. The club's current formation is a 4-3-3, though tactical preferences may vary.

As one of the founding clubs of La Liga, Spain's top football division, FC Barcelona holds a prestigious place in the annals of football history. On November 29, 1899, Gamper and eleven other visionaries gathered at the Solé Gymnasium to establish the revered association known as Futbol Club Barcelona, bearing the city's name and coat of arms.

Real Madrid Club de Fútbol stands as FC Barcelona's greatest rival, with its inception in 1902, just a few years a er FC Barcelona's founding. The early days saw FC Barcelona playing at the Camp de la Indústria, with a modest capacity of around 6,000 spectators, a stark contrast to the millions of fans the club commands today.

Asthe club's popularity soared, the need for better facilities became apparent. FC Barcelona's remarkable success is underscored by an impressive trophy haul, boasting 139 titles, including 3 FIFA Club World Cup victories and 5 UEFA Champions League triumphs. The club's most recent triumph came in 2023 when they clinched the La Liga crown.

From its humble beginnings to its current stature as a global football powerhouse, FC Barcelona's journey epitomizes the relentless pursuit of excellence and the enduring passion for the beautiful game.

Sources:

"FC Barcelona: A Glorious Legacy," Sports Magazine, May 2024.

FC BARCELONA A HISTORY

Article by Sebastian Barraza

FC Barcelona was o cially founded on 29th November 1899. It grew from strength to strength, winning titles such as the Macaya Cup in 1902, the Pyrenees Cup from 1910 through 1912. FC Barcelona built their

rst stadium in 1909 with a capacity of 6,000 people. During the 1920s, the team's fame and success grew. Barcelona is such a unique club having players such as Carles Puyol, Samuel Eto'o, Xavi Hernández, Lionel

Messi, and many more.

Their home stadium, Camp Nou, is the largest stadium in Europe with a capacity of 99,354. Barcelona has won 97 o cial titles. They are the most successful club in Spain, with 75 titles. Those domestic titles are 31 Copa del Rey, 26 La Liga, 13 Supercopa de España, 3 Copa Eva Duarte, and 2 Copa de la Liga.

FC Barcelona was formed in 1899 by businessman Joan Gamper, who advertised for players

in a local Barcelona sports magazine. In international club football, the club has won 22 European and worldwide titles, ve UEFA Champions League titles, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cups, a joint record ve UEFA Super Cups, a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cups, a joint record two Latin Cups, and three FIFA Club World Cups. On the 29th of November 1899, Joan Gamper founded the Football Club Barcelona.

Gamper

chose the famous blue and claret as the team colors for they are the colors of the Swiss canton he came from.

In 1940, during the rule of Spanish dictator Francisco Franco, the club was forced to change its name to Club de Fútbol Barcelona and remove the Catalan flag from its crest.

This was done to suppress Catalan nationalism.

However, the club changed its name back to Futbol Club Barcelona in 1973, a er Franco's death.

The beautiful Barcelona city has consistently been one of Spain's best cities. The city o ers an unparalleled quality of life, stunning beaches, buzzing nightlife, wondrous architecture, and culture as beautiful as the city's surrounding landscapes. The club was o cially founded

on 29th November 1899. It grew from strength to strength, winning titles such as the Macaya Cup in 1902, the Pyrenees Cup from 1910 to 1912. Barcelona FC built their rst stadium in 1909 with a capacity of 6,000 people. During the 1920s, the team's fame and success grew. The story goes that the Witty brothers –Arthur and Ernest, both of whom were very involved in the early years of the club

Article by Juan Valdez-Rivera

– proposed wearing blue and red stripes since these had been the colors of the rugby team at Merchant Taylors, the school where they'd studied in Crosby, a town just outside of Liverpool, UK. And that’s my reason why Barcelona is my favorite club.

FERNANDO VALENZUELA

Article by Eduardo Flores with Assistance from Jose

Fernando

Valenzuela is best known for being one of the most legendary baseball players of all time, especially with the Los Angeles Dodgers.

Personal Life

It all started on November 1, 1960, in Etchohuaquila, Mexico.

He was born to Avelino Valenzuela and Hermenegilda Anguamea de Valenzuela.

Growing up, he had a brother named Rafael Anguamea Valenzuela, and he also has a son.

Career Life

When he was only 20 years old, he caught the attention of many people when he pitched for the Los Angeles Dodgers in the National League for the opening game of the 1981 season. He successfully shut out the opposing team, the Houston Astros. His career lasted 17 seasons, and he is considered a hero in the Latino community.

Best Plays

Some of Fernando’s best plays were during the 1981 and 1986 seasons, with a total of 173 wins and 153 losses in his career, giving him a 1.130 win-to-loss ratio.

Awards Won

On November 11, 1981, Fernando Valenzuela was the rst-ever rookie to be awarded the Cy Young Award while he was leading the Dodgers to the World Series title.

Other Facts About Fernando

One thing that stands out about him is not only his arm but also the fact that he is le -handed. The fastest ball he ever threw was clocked at 80 miles per hour, which is nearly a kilometer per minute. He is also known by his nickname "El Toro," which in English means "The Bull."

American football is a dynamic sport where teams strive to score by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone or kicking it through the upright goalpost while trying to stop the opposition from doing this themselves. The team with the highest score a er four quarters of play wins; overtime may be necessary when scores are tied.

Although o en viewed as violent due to its physical nature, American football is actually highly regulated, with rules dictating elements of play, including downs (possessions), snap formation, blocking, tackling, and the use of certain formations such as passing and punt return formations.

It's no wonder American football continues to gain popularity among its fans and players by taking advantage of the many bonuses and promotions o ered by online sportsbooks.

This can make for an exciting game all around! Below are the main reasons why American football is a popular and beloved sport all over the world. Football has long been

considered a romanticized pastime in the US. From the classic "Friday Night Lights" to tailgates on game day, it's impossible to ignore the camaraderie that comes along with this beloved sport.

Not only does American football bring friends, family, and neighbors together - it also creates an exciting environment within local communities. Watching a game at home or cheering alongside other fans on the sidelines of a high school eld unites people with a shared passion for sports.

It puts aside any di erences and builds bridges between people of all ages and backgrounds, creating lifelong connections through a mutual love for the game. This strong sense of community is perhaps one of the reasons why American football continues to be a cultural cornerstone for many Americans today.

American football is one of America's most beloved sports and a major source of entertainment for many families. Part of its popularity stems from the rich legacy that it carries.

Article by Kitzia Castro Marti

Generations

of athletes have displayed unwavering dedication to their teams in both victory and defeat, forming lifelong bonds along the way.

Similarly, fans across the world rally to show support for their teams on game day, creating an atmosphere of camaraderie rarely seen in other activities.

While there is no doubt about American football's unique intensity, in the end, it's clear that its legacy is what makes this sport so special and dear to millions around the globe.

Because of its complexity, physicality, community, and legacy, American football will always remain a beloved sport among Americans and beyond. It's an exciting display of athleticism that has captured the hearts of millions around the world and will continue to do so for centuries to come.

If you're looking for entertainment, action, and excitementAmerican football is an unbeatable choice. You must start your journey now and join the millions of others who have already discovered

just how amazing this incredible sport can be.

Nearly every football fan thinks he or she can coach a team. But part of the reason that this is illogical (besides the fact that only 32 people in the entire world are quali ed) is that coaching requires so much thinking and strategizing, only the truly gi ed can do it.

And honestly, what fan doesn't like seeing the adjustments that a defense makes a er hal ime to stop the opposing o ense?

Or when an o ense executes a play that was drawn up so well, you can only marvel at it?

Coaching is a game of chess; this metaphor is used because chess is considered THE game of strategy. It's fun to see how coaches strategize to get the upper hand each week. No other sport requires so much thinking.

It's been 92 glorious years since the NFL's inception in 1920. The league started as a fledgling endeavor and has gone through many trials and tribulations but is now rmly entrenched as the No. 1 sport in North America.

While football has yet to make its name on the world stage (imagine a U.S. vs. Britain football game—blowout, anyone?), it is the opinion of many Americans that it is not only the best sport in the country but also in the world. Need proof?

Read on to learn the 10 best reasons why football is the most.

Kenneth Paul Block was an American professional rally driver with the Hoonigan Racing Division, formerly known as the Monster World Rally Team.

Block was also one of the

co-founders of DC Shoes. He competed in many action sports events, including skateboarding, snowboarding, and motocross.

Born November 21, 1967, Long Beach, CA

Died: January 2, 2023 (age 55 years), Woodland, UT

Nationality: American Organizations founded: DC Shoes, Hoonigan Racing Division

Children: Lia Block

Education: Palomar College, Orange Glen High School

Ken Block. Block in 2017. Born Kenneth Paul Block (1967-11-21) November 21, 1967. Long Beach, California, U.S. Died January 2, 2023 (2023-01-02) (aged 55)

Article by Isaac Hernandez

Kyle

Busch was born on February 5, 1985, in his hometown of Las Vegas, Nevada. At the age of six, Kyle Busch was racing go-karts. In 2001, Kyle Busch got promoted to race with Roush Racing in the Truck Series, in the same team his brother was racing in the Cup Series. A er the Truck Series, Rick Hendrick decided to put Kyle in the Busch Series.

In his rst season, he won a race in Richmond and he won Atlanta with fuel strategy. He was still racing in the Busch Series until in 2005, Rick Hendrick decided to put Kyle in the Cup Series because he was dominating the Busch Series. He was okay in 2005 until his racing career changed. On September 5, 2005, Kyle Busch won his rst Cup Series race at Auto Club Speedway. Kyle went on to win Rookie of the Year. In his sophomore season, he won another race.

Winning 500 Daytona

Austin Cindric raced in the 500 Daytona on February 20, 2022. He started in 5th place and then nished in rst. He led 21 laps out of the 500, winning the cup for Team Penske.

While racing in the Daytona 500, Austin was declared the winner because Blaney (another racer) bounced o the wall and created a big crash around Austin.

Austin was declared the winner a er the crash. It was the rst career victory for the rookie Austin Cindric.

Accidents

Like any other NASCAR driver, Austin had some accidents. He had four wrecks during his career, one being in the NASCAR Cup Series.

Austin Cindric was involved in a multi-collision crash on August 7, 2022, in the FireKeepers Casino 400 cup. Cindric looked like the one who took the most damage.

On February 19, 2023, Austin was involved in another multi-car crash.

Austin Cindric, Austin Dillon, William Byron, Jimmie Johnson, Noah

Gragson, and Harrison Burton were all involved in the crash. The crash happened at laps 3 and 4 at the Daytona 500.

In the Coca-Cola 600 NASCAR series, Austin Cindric spun out because a tire blew out.

On the third turn, Austin’s le rear tire on his Menards Mustang blew out.

The tire blowing out made Austin smash into the wall, taking damage to the whole back of his Mustang. The Mustang was damaged really badly on the rear bumper.

Well, That's Not Easy

Austin Cindric would not always win every race. He could be in 3rd, 2nd, 5th, etc., and not

win. But people expect champions to always win. However, sometimes racers can be physically or mentally tired, like in the Daytona 500.

Imagine doing 200 laps with 5-minute stage breaks while the car is 130 degrees Fahrenheit.

Even though it is not easy, some people think it is easy. In 2024, Austin would do the same thing.

He would race the Daytona 500 again, but this time he would start in 6th place and nish in 22nd place. Some people that I know would want him to win 1st place, but sometimes they do not know the frustration of the races and making decisions on the track.

Also, at the 2022 NASCAR Atlanta Cup on Wednesday in March, he would start in 16th place and nish in 32nd place.

Austin Cindric had one very close win at the Indianapolis Road Course in 2022. He started in 2nd place and nished in 2nd too.

In the All-Star Race, he started in 12th place and nished in 3rd. He nished in third two more times in 2022 with the Atlanta series and the Daytona 500 (not the major one).

FACTS ABOUT AUSTIN CINDRIC

AND NASCAR

• Austin Cindric only has nine years of racing experience.

• Austin has raced 74 races with car number #2.

• NASCAR was founded by Bill France in 1947.

• Ty Gibbs is the youngest NASCAR racer to this day, being 21 years old.

• The largest car crash in NASCAR history was in 1960 with 37 cars.

• He has around 500 victories in the races he has competed in.

SOURCES

• https://www.bing.co m/search?q=austin+ cindric+feb+14+2011 +wreck&qs=n&form =QBRE&sp=-1&lq=0 &pq=austin+cindric +feb+14+2011+wreck &sc=11-32&sk=&cvi d=17205EC7ED784A 168EC153C67F1DDC4 F&ghsh=0&ghacc=0 &ghpl=&ADLT=STRIC T

• https://www.foxspor ts.com/watch/play-5 d46cb827000469

• https://www.nascar. com/drivers/austincindric

• https://www.drivera verages.com/nascar /drivertrack.php?drv _id=3498&trk_id=6

LeoSanta Cruz was born on August 10, 1988, and he is currently 34 years old. He was born in Huetamo, Mexico.

Leo is a featherweight super world champion, and his ghter name is “El Terremoto.” Leo trains in Rosemead, CA.

He won his rst championship in March 2011 against Stephane Jamoye, and he won his ght on October 13, 2006, against Pedro Silva.

The ghts he sadly lost were on July 30, 2016, against Carl Frampton at Barclays Center, Brooklyn, New York. However, in a rematch at MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, on January 28, 2017, Leo won.

The other ght he lost was on October 31, 2020, against Gervonta Davis at Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas.

Leo is scheduled to ght sometime in April in Las Vegas.

Article by Marayah Aguilar Isita

Article by Katelyn

DATE OF BIRTH: MARCH 22, 1969

lisa Anderson has had a big impact on women's sur ng, changing the way the sport was perceived. Before Lisa came to women's sur ng, it was a male-dominated sport reserved just for men.

A er Lisa Anderson changed the way of sur ng for women, her e ortless, feminine style, grace, and

flow inspired a whole new generation of young girls to get in the surf.

But she wasn't just famous for her sur ng style; she backed it up with an outstanding career too, with four World Titles to her name and a boatload of WCT wins.

Lisa Anderson is a good role model in sur ng, and her impact is felt far and wide.

With her run of world titles in the 1990s, she single-handedly raised the pro le of women's sur ng to a global level,shattered stereotypes of female surfers, inspired a whole generation of women to get in the water, and was the face that sold a million board shorts for the Roxy brand.

FROM: House of Surf website and https://www.surfersjournal.com

LPGA EXPERIENCE

Article by Lana Vera Mae Gonzalez

Thanks to this program, I have been able to engage in various activities that have added excitement and ful llment to my life. It has truly been a rewarding experience that has broadened my horizons and allowed me to explore di erent aspects of the sports world.

As for my experience with the LPGA, the day was long and enjoyable from when I got there and was already o ered a shirt and to go on a treasure hunt! I watched people play golf, got to have a conversation with the players, and then even got to interview them.

Students'

Point of View The Sports Journalism Magazine has opened up many opportunities for me, allowing me to travel to new places to watch bull riding or golf for the LPGA. The experience has been incredibly enjoyable, providing me with a chance to do so much at a young age.

As a student, I know that kids switch o from things very easily and can get bored fast. Although the day of golf was long, it le students wanting more.

The average attention span of a 14-year-old child is twelve minutes, and we were there for hours, and none of us ever looked away from golf once!

As a person who never really got into golf as much as I would have liked to, I walked into that country club unsure and walked out happy and wishing it never ended.

I thank the people at LPGA for making it such a wonderful, and I thank my instructor for giving me this opportunity of excellence.

If I ever get another chance, I will most de nitely be coming back.

STATISTICS

Born: 1993, in Milwaukee, WI

Height: 5’ 9”

Weight(s): Light welterweight

American professional boxer who holds the WBC-NABF super lightweight title since 2019.

AGE 30

Total fights: 16

Wins: 16

Wins by KO: 8

Anartist since childhood, Luis Feliciano grew up writing poetry and building worlds with his imaginative stories.

As he naturally progressed to songwriting, Lou's supportive family gave him a strong sense of commitment to his dreams.

Luis Feliciano is an American professional boxer who has held the WBC-NABF super lightweight title since 2019.

Article by Amanda Aguilera

John Matthew Sta ord is an American football quarterback for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League. His jersey number is #9.

Personal Information

Matthew Sta ord was born on February 7, 1988, and is 34 years old. His current height and weight are 6 3 in and 220 lbs.

Career Information

The high school Sta ord attended was Highland Park in Dallas, Texas. He went to college at Georgia from 2006-2008. His rst NFL Dra was in 2009, Round 1, Pick 1.

Career History

He was with the Detroit Lions from 2009-2020 and then moved to the Los Angeles Rams from 2021 to the present.

Career Highlights and Awards

The Rams won the Super Bowl (LVI), and Sta ord was named the NFL Comeback Player of the Year in 2011. He was also selected for the Pro Bowl in 2014, was part of the Detroit Lions all-time team, and was a rst-team All-American in 2008.

NFL Records

Sta ord holds the record for the most fourth-quarter comebacks in a season with 8 in 2016. He also has the most passing attempts in a season with 727 in 2012 and was the rst player to complete 60% or more passes in every game in a season (2015).

MATTHEW STAFFORD RAMS

Article by Arleen Mejia

Career NFL Statistics AS OF WEEK 13, 2022

PASSING

ATTEMPTS: 7,128

PASSING

COMPLETIONS: 4,508

COMPLETION

PERCENTAGE: 63.2%

TD-INT: 333-169

PASSING YARDS: 52,082

Early Years

Matthew Sta ord was born in Tampa, Florida, and lived in Dunwoody, Georgia, before moving to Dallas, Texas. He attended Highland Park High School with Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher Clayton Kershaw and was coached by Randy Allen. Widely considered the best high school quarterback in the U.S. in 2006, Sta ord led his team to a perfect 15-0 record and a UIL 4A Division State Championship in 2005. Despite missing three games due to a knee injury, he passed for over 4,000 yards. Sta ord received numerous accolades, including Parade All-American, USA Today Pre-Season Super 25, and EA Sports National Player of the Year. Regarded as a ve-star recruit and the No. 1 pro-style quarterback prospect in 2006, analyst Mel Kiper Jr. correctly predicted he would be the rst pick in the NFL Dra .

Personal Life

At Georgia, Sta ord met cheerleader Kelly Hall, whom he married on April 4, 2015. They have four daughters: Chandler and Sawyer (born March 2017), Hunter Hope (born August 2018), and Tyler Hall (born June 2020). In April 2019, Kelly underwent a 12-hour surgery for a brain tumor, during which Sta ord took time o from the Lions. Sta ord donated $1 million to the S.A.Y. Detroit Play Center in 2015 and was the Lions' Walter Payton Man of the Year nominee in 2018.

NFL Awards and Records

• SUPER BOWL CHAMPION (LVI) AND NFC CHAMPION (2021)

• NFL COMEBACK PLAYER OF THE YEAR (2011) AND PRO BOWL SELECTION (2014)

• 2X FEDEX AIR PLAYER OF THE WEEK AND 3X NFC OFFENSIVE PLAYER OF THE WEEK

• HOLDS NUMEROUS NFL RECORDS INCLUDING MOST PASSING TOUCHDOWNS IN A SINGLE GAME BY A ROOKIE QUARTERBACK (5), YOUNGEST QUARTERBACK TO THROW FOR AT LEAST FIVE TOUCHDOWNS IN A SINGLE GAME, AND FIRST PLAYER IN NFL HISTORY TO COMPLETE 60% OR MORE OF ALL PASSES IN EACH GAME IN A SEASON

• HOLDS RECORDS FOR MOST GAMES WITH AT LEAST ONE TOUCHDOWN PASS IN A SEASON, MOST CONSECUTIVE 350+ YARDS PASSING GAMES, MOST PASSING ATTEMPTS IN A SEASON, AND MOST PASS ATTEMPTS PER GAME IN A SEASON

• FASTEST PLAYER TO REACH VARIOUS CAREER PASSING MILESTONES INCLUDING 25,000, 30,000, 35,000, 40,000, 45,000, AND 50,000 PASSING YARDS, AS WELL AS 3,000 COMPLETIONS

• HOLDS RECORDS FOR MOST PASSING YARDS IN THE FIRST 100 GAMES, MOST FOURTH-QUARTER COMEBACKS IN A SEASON, AND MOST GAME-WINNING DRIVES IN A SINGLE SEASON

• ONLY QUARTERBACK TO HAVE THROWN FOR 500+ YARDS IN A SINGLE GAME AND 5,000+ YARDS IN THE SAME SEASON (2011)

Facts About Mbappe:

• His favorite food is Spaghetti Carbonara.

• He is called the Purple Ninja Turtle/Donatello.

• Many people mistake his blue hair for pink.

• He is known for dribbling, speed, and nishing.

• He was 16 in his rst game.

• His main language is French.

• He became famous when he turned 17.

• He has 13 trophies.

• His original name was Mbappe Lottin; he then changed it to Kylian Mbappe.

• His quote is: "Believe in yourself, no matter what others say."

• He has scored 320 goals in his career.

• He is one of the fastest players to ever play the game and has a sponsorship with Nike and his own shoes.lost was on October 31, 2020, against Gervonta Davis at Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas.

Mbappe, age 25, is the captain of the national team and Paris Saint-Germain. One of his achievements is helping France win the UEFA Nations League in 2021, receiving the top scorer award in the nals. He also holds the record for the most goals scored in a World Cup nal by scoring a hat-trick.

Among his greatest achievements are winning ve Ligue 1 titles and three Coupes de France, including

a domestic quadruple in the 2019 season. He also led the club to its rst-ever UEFA Champions League nal in 2020. His net worth is $120 million. He impressed many when he played for Monaco and then transferred to Paris Saint-Germain. He was born in the 19th arrondissement, Paris, France. One of Mbappe's idols is Cristiano Ronaldo, and one of his favorite teams is Real Madrid. His height is 5’10”.

Article by Christian, Isaac and Nathan

Mbappe's Personal Life:

Mbappe is a practicing Christian. In an interview with Time in 2018, he talked about the sacri ces he made as a teenager to focus on football. He said, "I did not have moments of so-called normal people during adolescence, like going out with friends, enjoying good times."

But even though he missed out on a normal life, he says that he is "living the life he always dreamed about." Four years a er making his debut, he had about 50 million followers on Instagram, and in 2023, he had almost 100 million followers. He accepts that "his life has totally turned upside down" ever since he became famous. He also speaks fluent French, English, and Spanish.

Style of Play

Mbappe is an adaptable forward who usually plays as a winger and is able to play on either side of the eld due to his skill with both feet.

He is able to cut into the center onto his stronger foot from the

side because of his excellent vision. He is able to play in the center as a main striker due to his composure.

Mbappe is a player with lots of skill; he is known for his dribbling, fast acceleration, and quick feet, which allow him to get the rst touch.

Early Career

Mbappe was coached by his dad, Wilfrid, when he started with AS Bondy. One of the young coaches at AS Bondy said, "The rst time I coached him was when he was 6 years old.

You could tell that he was unique. Mbappe could do a lot more than other kids.

His dribbling was already amazing, and he was a lot faster than the other kids. He was the best player I've ever seen in 15 years of coaching here. In Paris, there are many skilled players, but I had never seen a skill like his. He was what we call a crack (the best)."

Eventually, Mbappe went to Clairefontaine Academy, impressing many and attracting multiple French clubs, as well as Liverpool, Real Madrid, and Bayern Munich, who tried to sign him.

When Mbappe was 11, Real Madrid invited him to train with their under-12s and visit the club buildings. When Mbappe was 14, he

went to London a er being invited by Chelsea, playing a game for their youth team against Charlton Athletic.

Philanthropy

On February 22, 2018, Mbappe joined African striker George Weah in a meeting with the French president and FIFA president at the palace in Paris, which focused on sports projects in Africa.

Mbappe stated that he wanted the development because it was important to his culture. On January 28, 2019, Mbappe donated $34,000 to a charity to help fund a private search mission to nd a missing football player.

Article by Rodolfo Murillo

Bornon February 5, 1992, Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior, also known as Neymar Júnior, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Saudi Pro League club Al Hilal and the Brazil national team.

Neymar has scored at least 100 goals for three di erent clubs, making him one of a few players to achieve this feat.

Club/National Teams:

Neymar rst started with the Brazil national team from 2009 to 2012, scoring eighteen goals. A er Neymar le Brazil, he joined Santos FC for four years, scoring over 136 goals. His most well-known game at Santos was against Flamengo on Wednesday, July 2011, in the Vila Belmiro stadium, where he scored four goals in a 5-4 match against the well-known Ronaldinho.

Aer leaving Santos FC, he transferred to FC Barcelona from 2013 to 2017, scoring 105 goals in 186 games. His most famous game at Barcelona was against PSG in 2017 at the Camp Nou stadium, where Barcelona won 6-1.

A er leaving Barcelona, he transferred to PSG, playing from 2017 to 2023, scoring 118 goals in 173 games. One of his most

famous games at PSG was in 2017 against Guingamp at the Stade du Roudourou stadium, where he scored three goals in a 3-0 victory.

On the Field:

Neymar is a great asset on the eld, excelling in shooting, dribbling, passing, and showcasing his skills with moves like rainbow flicks and step-overs. It's truly impressive how great Neymar has become.

Neymar's Soccer Fashion:

Neymar has collaborated with Puma, making soccer cleats, shoes, shirts, shorts, sports pants, and even soccer balls.

This collaboration started on September 22. Neymar also collaborated with Jordan, creating soccer cleats and his own Jordan Fives.

Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior: Watching Neymar improve over the years, doing the impossible, and being part of big soccer clubs has positively impacted soccer with competitiv eness and skill. From starting on the Brazil team to collaborati ng with Puma and playing for

INTERVIEW WITH

LA CLIPPERS

INTERVIEW WITH

LA RAMS

Experience and attend a