Future Military Leadership

We live in a world which is in a state of flux and in which the “power balances are shifting and disruptive behaviour is becoming the norm.” Western countries face common problems, which, if not dealt with in a timely fashion, will get more difficult to resolve. Adversaries of the West succeed at achieving political goals by using all levers of national power. This is due partly to their ability to think creatively and set long-term targets unfettered by liberal democracy's demands and short-term election cycles. In addition, in more illiberal states, strategy and policy decisions are often taken by small groups (or even individuals), allowing for greater political and strategic agility. As a result, the West risks being out-thought by its geopolitical adversaries.

Furthermore, emerging technologies have the potential to be "game-changers" in military and strategic affairs. The proliferation of new technology is seen as not only a challenge to the long-term foundations of western military supremacy but it presents western military organisations and its leaders with a question on how they will be able to successfully harness the new technologies. Military technology will undoubtedly affect how states fight and win wars, but it will also present leaders with never-before-seen leadership challenges.

In practice, military leadership is said to have two characteristics: task (transactional leadership) and change (transformational leadership). The following discussion on military leadership perspectives will demonstrate that transformational leadership appears to be the most relevant to rely on in the twenty-first century. Transformational leaders have been proven to be more effective in both military and commercial settings than leaders who depend mainly on transactional leadership styles.

When it comes to motivating troops, empathising with people and cultivating talent, humans have a significant comparative advantage. New technologies will certainly provide invaluable input to leaders of organisations but it will need a human touch and a specific type of leadership to turn this understanding into messages that resonate with the people that comprise the organisations.