DIfference Between Piping and Pipeline by steelpipesfactory

What is the difference between Piping and Pipeline? Pipeline - Long series of Pipes usually of large diameter often underground with few fittings & equipment's mostly Pumps & Valves mainly to control the flow, that are laid with an intention to transport any fluid whether liquid or gas over long distances.

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The design of pipeline is governed by ASME B31.4 that is code for Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohol and ASME B31.8 that is a code for Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems. The constructions drawing here are termed as alignment sheet. Pipeline design generally involves river crossing, highway crossing, rail line crossing etc. The pipeline is Series of straight pipe welded together over a long distance. The pipeline can run underground, aboveground and underwater such as a subsea pipeline. Pipelines are mostly large diameter that transport bulk liquid or gas from one place to other sometimes 1000s of miles in distance. In pipeline few equipment are used within the Pipeline system such as pumps, valves & instruments that support the function of the system to transport fluid safely over a long distance.

Piping - Large series & networks of Pipes within the well-defined boundaries of the plant/plot with all fittings & equipment's like Pump, Valves, Unions & other Miscellaneous items with an intention to transfer fluid from one facility to another within those boundaries as required.

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Piping is designed in accordance with ASME B31.3 that is Process Piping code and for power plant piping ASME B31.1 that is code for Power Piping. The construction drawings here are termed as isometric drawings. Piping is a Complex network of pipe & fittings within the defined boundaries of the plant. Piping is mostly above ground with very few underground services. Piping can be from ½” to 80” as per the plant design requirements that transfer fluid from on equipment to another within the plant boundary. Variety of equipment such as a pump, valves, filter vessel, column, heat exchanger, instruments are used within the piping system that supports the function of the plant to produce finish product.

Onshore System SL. NO.

Onshore PIPELINE

Design Codes  

ASME B31.4 : Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries ASME B31.8 : Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

Ons



ASM

Scope Outside plant boundary Cross-country (i.e. villages, fields, river, canal, railway, highway, cities, deserts, forests, hills, Ghats etc.)

Wit (up

Type of pipe Line pipes as per following code: 

API Spec 5L: Specification for Line pipes

Ass   

Valves Valves are procured as per following code: 

API 6D: Specification for Pipeline and Piping Valves

Valv  

Full Bore (FB) Ball Valves are used for smooth passage of pigs.



API Std. 1104: Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities

We 

Type of welding: Automatic / Semi-Automatic/ Manual

ASM We Typ Ma

Weld joint inspection (NDT requirements) 100% by Automatic UT or RT (by using X-Ray)

BS API Full as p pigg

Welding Welding code:

AST BS API

Analyses - Wall Thickness Analysis - Elastic Bend Radius Analysis - Stability Analysis for Water Bodies/ Marshy Areas - Horizontal directional drilling design analysis - Railroad/ Highway Crossing Analysis - Casing Pipe Analysis for Crossings - Seismic Analysis

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- Pip Spe - Pip per Stati Dyn Win

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Flan Seis

Installation Buried (mostly)

Abo

Special Installations

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Across rivers Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) method Micro-tunneling method Across road/ rail/ highway Auger boring/ jacking boring method Shallow HDD Ghats/ Hills – Special equipment used

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Spe Mo Finn Stu Jack Spo U/G

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Exp Mo Cry Spr

 

Win Seis



Pain

Special Equipments       

Sectionalizing Valves (Remote operated) Insulating Joints Scraper Launcher/ Receiver Stem Extended Valves (for buried valves) Flow Tee Long Radius bends (R=6D) Cold field bends (R = 30D or 40D) Survey

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Topographical Survey (all along the pipeline route) Geotechnical investigation (all along the pipeline route) Soil resistivity survey (all along the pipeline route) Hydrological Survey for water bodies (for scour depth calculation) Cadastral Survey (for RoU acquisition) Corrosion Protection Coating

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Three Layer Polyethylene (3LPE) coating

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Three Layer Polypropylene (3LPP) coating Fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) coating Coal tar enamel (CTE) Coating

Cathodic Protection System  

Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) system Sacrificial Anode (limited locations)



Not

Hydrostatic testing Gauge Plate run of 95% of ID of highest thickness of pipes

No to c

Test Pressure Minimum:  

1.25 times of Design Pressure (for liquid pipelines) 1.25 to 1.5 times of Design Pressure (for gas pipelines) Maximum:



Pressure equivalent to Hoop stress of 95% of SMYS of pipe material Hold period: 24 hours (generally)

Test Min 

1.5 Ma



bas Hol

Selection of hydrostatic test section based on elevation difference of ground profile 15

Preservation Preservation of pipeline with corrosion inhibited water or by filling of inert gas (N2)

Communication System Telecom/ SCADA

Not

Pigging

Not

Intelligent Pigging 18

Not

Machines/ Equipments required for installation      

Trencher Backhoe/ Excavator Side Boom Cold field bending machine Holiday Detection Machines Pneumatic/ Hydraulic Internal Clamps

Offshore System SL. NO.

Offshore PIPELINE

Design Codes  

DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine pipeline systems API RP 1111 : Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Hydrocarbon Pipelines (Limit state design)



ASM

Installation Subsea (in water on seabed or buried in seabed)

Dec

Survey (Subsea)   

Offs

Geophysical survey/ Bathymetric Survey by using side scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler and echo-sounder Met-Ocean data collection Geo-technical data of the pipeline route

Not

Pipes Line pipes are utilized as per following specs:

Ass

 

API Spec 5L : Specification for Line pipes DNVGL-ST-F101 : Submarine Pipeline Systems

AST



Red pigg BS/



Dec

Valves



Full bore Valves for smooth passage of intelligent pigs are utilized as per spec: API 6D SS : Specification on Subsea Pipeline Valves Analyses

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Wall thickness Analysis On-bottom Stability Span Analysis Global Buckling – Lateral and Upheaval Pipeline Expansion Analysis Riser Design (Span , Stress & Flexibility Analysis) Riser Clamp Design Pipeline Crossing Design and Analysis Installation Analyses such as :- Pipelay Analyses in OFFPIPE, Shore approach installation design & Analyses, Riser/ Expansion Spool installation analyses, Hoses lifting & installation analyses Environmental Loads (Met-ocean Parameters) Wave, current and external pressure and buoyancy

Win

Corrosion Protection Coating

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Coatings such as:– Coal Tar Enamel Coating (CTE) Three layer polyethylene coating (3LPE) Three layer poly-propylene coating (3LPP) Double layer fusion bonded epoxy coating (DLFBE)

Pain

Cathodic Protection System Sacrificial Anodic Cathodic Protection (SACP) system

Not

Welding Welding is performed as per specification: 

API Std. 1104 : Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities Mostly automatic welding on pipelay barge.

We 

Weld joint inspection (NDT requirements) 100% by Automatic UT

Special Equipments         

Subsea Isolation Valve (SSIV) LR Bends Flow tee Pipeline End Manifold (PLEM) Single Point Mooring (SPM) system Submarine hoses Floating hoses Cables and umbilical installation Piggy-back pipelines

Not

Installation Equipment    

Pipelay Barge Derrick Barge Diving support vessel Dynamic Positioning (DP) barge (for deep-water)



Pre



Alo

Installation Methods   

ASM We Ma

S-lay Method (for shallow water installation) J-Lay Method (for deep water installation) Shore pull/ barge pull near Land Fall Point (LFP) Hydrostatic testing

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Gauge Plate run of 95% of ID of highest thickness of pipeline. Test Pressure Minimum : 1.25 times x Design Pressure Hold period 24 hours

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NDT requirements 100% weld joints by RT or AUT

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No Test Ma Hol 2 ho

Var

Intelligent Pigging Compliant

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Not