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中國在經濟改革開放後，廉價的勞動 力受到外國投資者的注意，工業迅速 發展起來。在中國南方，很多外資公 司都展開了大規模的工業生產，建立 了不少擁有完善配套設施的「工業 城」。工人在工業城中工作、居住及 生活，雖然待遇不斷改善，工業城的 環境質素亦不斷提高，但封閉的環境 及單調的生活構成了種種問題，其中
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華南工廠城：圖示指南手冊
以富士康廠房的自殺事件最為轟動。 本書不是一本普通的「工業城 指南」。筆者從工人、建築規劃及社 會倫理的角度出發，就中國南方工業 城的現況作出討論。透過不同的個案 研究，記錄了工業城的規劃及類型、 工人在工業城裏的生活和工作情況， 以及他們面對的問題，繼而探討在日 新月異的經濟及社會情況下，工業城 未來的發展路向。
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<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
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<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
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<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
<YIHUPaH[PVU VM [OL 7LHYS 9P]LY +LS[H 珠三角城市化
;OL 7LHYS 9P]LY +LS[H OHZ L_WLYPLUJLK H YHWPK NYV^[O PU WVW\SH[PVU TVZ[S` JVUZPZ[LK VM H ¸ÅVH[PUN WVW\SH[PVU¹ PU H ZWHU VM [OPY[` `LHYZ 0U [OLYL ^LYL VUS` [^V THQVY JP[PLZ PU KL]LSVWTLU[! .\HUNaOV\ HUK :OLUaOLU 4V]PUN VU [V TVZ[ VM [OL JP[PLZ PU [OL 79+ ^LYL ^LSS LZ[HISPZOLK ^P[O [OLPY V^U JP[` JLU[LYZ (Z VM [OLZL ILJHTL TLNHJP[PLZ [OH[ TLYNLK ^P[O LHJO V[OLY [V JYLH[L H TLNHWVSPZ PU [OL 79+ 在這短短 30 年的時間裏，珠江三角洲經歷了人口的快速增長。1985 年時，只有廣州和深圳兩個根深柢固的城市。到 了 1995 年，所有珠三角的城市都有發展成熟的城市中心區。從 2005 年起，珠江三角洲裏出現了一個新現象，就是城 市合併化。
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<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
<YIHU .YV^[O PU H ;OPY[` @LHY :WHU 三十年間的城市擴張
:/,5A/,5 深圳 :OLUaOLU 深圳
3HUK \ZL 土地利用
(KTPUPZ[YH[PVU 分區
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深圳的土地用途雖然繁多，但以工業和住宅為主。
深圳市擁有 3 大地區：經濟特區、寳安區和龍崗區。這 三個地區再劃分為 23 個小區。
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深圳位處於中國南部，是廣東省的一個經濟特區城市。深圳以南是香港，以北是東莞，東北面是惠州。由於地 理位置關係，深圳得到來自香港的經濟支持和好處。 自從 1970 年代毛澤東決定將深圳定為經濟特區後，深圳由一小漁村變為中國現今最成功的經濟特區。今天深圳 約有 1,400 萬人，其中有 200 萬人為本地人，其他均為移動人口，在深圳工廠當工人。
0UK\Z[YPLZ 工業類型 ;OL THQVYP[` VM PUK\Z[YPLZ PU :OLUaOLU PZ MVJ\ZLK HYV\UK LSLJ[YVUPJ HUK HZZLTIS` IHZLK WYVK\J[Z 深圳市的主要工業類型是電子產業和安裝產業。
<YIHUPaH[PVU 城市化
;YHUZWVY[ :`Z[LT 道路系統
深圳從一個小漁村（紅點）變成現在的大城市。
深圳是香港唯一的內陸連鄰。深圳與香港都提供不同 類型的交通工具，如鐵路、公車和渡船等，方便市民 往返兩地。
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:OLUaOLU 深圳
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:OLUaOLU 深圳
:OLUaOLU 深圳
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明代的深圳
在特區邊界設圍欄
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4HPUSHUK JP[PaLUZ [Y`PUN [V PTTPNYH[L PSSLNHSS` HYL JH\NO[ HUK ZLU[ IHJR [V :OLUaOLU 被遣返深圳的大陸偷渡者
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九廣鐵路開通
人們搬到深圳支援特區的建 設工作
:OLUaOLU 深圳
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鄧小平雕像被評為深圳最重要 的建築之一
1984 年鄧小平首次訪問深圳
*OPUH»Z ÄYZ[ Z[VJR THYRL[ ^HZ MV\UKLK PU :OLUaOLU 中國的第一個證券交易市場在 深圳成立
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世界之窗 - 深圳多個主題公園的 代表之一開張
深圳現已成為中國其中 一個重要的城市
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:OLUaOLU 深圳
暱稱：秋菊 年齡：26 家鄉：四川省 婚姻狀况：單身 職位：生產線工人 在此工廠的年資：0.5 年 月薪：2,200 人民幣
5L^JVSVY 6W[VLSLJ[YVUPJZ *V 3[K 新彩光電有限公司
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我不想待在農村，因為掙不到錢，而我 的家庭需要更多的錢以維持生活。
在工廠裏的日子有苦澀也有快樂。雖然工作略為枯 燥，但是認識了很多來自五湖四海的朋友，在閒時 我們會一起聊天。
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-LLSPUNZ VM PZVSH[PVU >L HYL OHWW` [OH[ ^L JHU LHY U V\Y SP]PUN I\[ ^L KVU»[ OH]L HZ THU` HJ[P]P[` JOVPJLZ H Z W L V W S L ^ O V S P ] L PU JLU[YHS :OLUaOLU KV :VTL[PTLZ 0 OH]L MLLSPUNZ VM PZVSH[PVU HUK IVYLKVT ;OLYL PZ UV[OPUN [V KV K\YPUN [OL ^LLRLUKZ V\[ OLYL ZV 0 VM[LU OH]L [V [YH]LS [V [OL KV^U[V^U HYLH PUZ[LHK 在工廠區感覺與市區隔 絕了。市區的豐富多彩 在這裏我們無法享受 到。只有每到週末，花 上幾個小時的車程到市 區，我們才能感受到城 市裏的熱鬧。
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原材料： 塑膠粒、塑膠片、布料
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7 Y L W H Y P U N [ O L I H Z P J TH[LYPHSZ PU WPLJLZ [V MHJPSP[H[L HZZLTIS` Z\JO HZ ZL^PUN KVSS JSV[OPUN WYVK\JPUN THZZL ZTHSSLY WSHZ[PJ WPLJLZ L[J 準備所有基本的材料方便 裝配的程序，例如製作公 仔的衣服與配件。
:[HNL (ZZLTISPUN LSLJ[YVUPJ HUK V[OLY ZTHSS JVTWVULU[Z 第二個階段是把電子配件 與基本材料裝配在一起。 完成程序後就可以運送到 最後裝配程序了。
[HW JSPJR JSPJR RRR :[HNL - P U H S H Z Z L T I S ` V M J V T W V U L U [ W H Y [ Z JVTWSL[PUN LUK WYVK\J[Z Z\JO HZ KVSSZ VY JOVV JOVV [YHPUZ 第三個階段是把搭配件， 如公仔的衣服、火車的配 件 等， 安 裝 到 裝 配 材 料 上。
:[HNL ;OL Ä UHS Z[HNL PZ [V ]LYPM` [OL LUK WYVK\J[ HUK [V [LZ[ [OL WYVK\J[ MVY ZHML[` 8\HSP[` JOLJR PZ H ]LY` P T W V Y [ H U [ Z [ L W P U [ V ` WYVK\J[PVU 最後的程序就是要檢查製 成品的品質是否合格和符 合國際的標準。
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5HTL! 9HUNLY KVSS -LH[\YLZ! 1HWHULZL JVSSLJ[PISLZ =HYPL[PLZ VM ZPaLZ HUK JVSVYZ +PMMLYLU[ HJJLZZVYPLZ [V TH[JO 4HZZ WYVK\JLK ZPUJL! 7YPJL! 94) 變形金剛是工廠銷路最好的產品。每一天有 800 多件變形金剛玩具製成。
5HTL! :[YLZZ IHSSZ -LH[\YLZ! 6MMLYLK PU THU` JVSVYZ *OLHW WYPJL" NVVK ]HS\L 4HZZ WYVK\JLK ZPUJL! 7YPJL! 94) 壓力球是工廠最便宜的產品。雖然製 作過程很簡單，可是產品銷路一般。
7YVK\J[ 5HTL! +YLZZ <W KVSSZ -LH[\YLZ! 4VZ[ YLJLU[ MHZOPVU PJVU KVSSZ 4HU` HJJLZZVYPLZ [V TH[JO 4HZZ WYVK\JLK ZPUJL! 7YPJL! 94) 娃娃玩具是最受小女孩歡迎的玩具。每天出產 的產品有大概 500 個娃娃玩具，是工廠銷量第 二名的產品。
7YVK\J[ 5HTL! *OVV *OVV [YHPU -LH[\YLZ! /PNO X\HSP[` TH[LYPHSZ 6\[Z[HUKPUN ]HYPL[` VM JVSV\YZ *VSSLJ[PISLZ 4HZZ WYVK\JLK ZPUJL! 7YPJL! 94) 小火車是工廠最別致的玩具產品之 一。因為產量不多，很多人會買來 作收藏品。
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“It is very relevant to not only look at the growth of the PRD and its cities itself, but to try to understand what drove this growth. Next to the implementation of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and other political changes in China, the factories within the PRD were and continue to be among the main drivers. I congratulate HKU with this research and the outcome presented in this book.” —Rem Koolhaas, professor of architecture and urban design, Harvard University “In a series of expertly written and richly illustrated essays, this volume provides a critical overview of how South China’s Pearl River Delta, with its hard-working population almost equal to Japan’s, has become the ‘world’s factory’ over the course of a single generation. The price tag in environmental degradation and human exploitation has been steep, but the delta’s ‘restless landscape’ continues to evolve. What will it look like in another 30 years? Read this book for its many fascinating insights.” —John Friedmann, professor emeritus, School of Public Affairs, UCLA; honorary professor, School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia “Illuminating and instructive, Stefan Al’s edited book, Factory Towns of South China: An Illustrated Guidebook provides a cross-disciplinary approach to understand the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization in the Pearl River Delta. Full of vivid pictures, lively stories and concise analysis, this stylish book presents a compelling reading on the migrant life in factory towns of South China with insights drawn from the disciplines of history, sociology, and urban design. It is an excellent guidebook to students in the areas of anthropology, cultural studies, geography, journalism, sociology, urban design, and the others.” —Pun Ngai, author of Made in China: Factory Women Workers in a Global Workplace
Urban Geography/Sociology
Stefan Al
“This book is a pleasure to read. It captures the imagination using an attractive, unconventional array of interesting short essays and anecdotes penned by experts interspersed with color photos, easily understood graphs, maps and collages. These bring to life the livelihoods of workers and residents and let us grasp how, in three decades, the Pearl River Delta has been transformed into the largest manufacturing region in human history.” —Anita Chan, research professor, China Research Centre, University of Technology, Sydney
Most consumer products come primarily from the Pearl River Delta, the “factory of the world” with the largest industrial region on earth. The delta has attracted millions of poor rural residents to settle in factory towns in hopes for a better life. Factory Towns of South China opens a window on these walled compounds, exposing the gritty establishments, crowded dormitories and monotonous labor carried out by workers. Some function as self-contained cities, with their own fire brigade, hospital, bank, TV station and as many as half a million workers living within the compounds. Other factories are scattered in larger villages to mask their existence and evade governmental crackdowns on the production of fake consumer goods and illegal casino machines. Contributors include David Bray, Minnie Chan, Jia-Ching Chen, Paul Chu Hoi Shan, Eli Friedman, Claudia Juhre, Laurence Liauw, Paul Lin, Ting Shi, Casey Wang, Rex Wong, and Chun Yang.
Edited by
“Factory Towns of South China is an outstanding example of what visual geography can be. It is smart, creative, engaging, and provides a multifaceted look at one of the 21st century’s paradigmatic spaces of capitalism.” —Trevor Paglen, artist, writer, experimental geographer
華 南 工 廠 城 ： 圖 示 旅 遊 書
Factory Towns of South China
Urban Design Program at the University of Hong Kong.
“This indispensable and imaginative guide leads us into the ‘hidden abode of production’ in South China—the world’s most dynamic manufacturing center. Offering a bird eye’s view of one factory town after another, it beautifully weaves together photographs and narratives of workers, both past and present, and lays bare the nexus among architecture, space, time and living labor in all their everyday and historical richness. This book is as much a fascinating pointillistic portrait of a unique region as an intellectual invitation to ponder questions of global capitalist production.” —Ching Kwan Lee, professor of sociology, UCLA
An Illustrated Guidebook
Stefan Al is director of the
Edited by
Contributing Editors Paul Chu Hoi Shan, Alexander Giarlis,
Cover design
Anthony Lam Cheuk Wang
FactoryTown 3.indd 1
Stefan Al
Printed and bound in Hong Kong, China
Claudia Juhre, Casey Wang
12年4月20日 上午11:11