A collection of Sterling Rung’s work
20 15
S UN Y E S F
Syra cuse, NY
+
Design work location
Locations traveled for inspiration
(2014)
COPEHAGEN, DENMARK
(2014)
OSNABRÜCK, GERMANY
(2014)
CASTAÑER, PUERTO RICO
(2013)
MIDDLEBURG, VIRGINIA
CONTENTS RESEARCH
N1
MASTERPLANNING
o Kobenhaven | City of Cyclists (p. 4)
No2 Fingerprint | Landscape Identity (p. 20)
Cultural History, Establishing the Infrastructure, Cycling Logistics, Typologies, Cost Benefits
Canandaigua Concept, Site Planning, Construction Documents
No3 Harbor Brook (p.28)
No4 Hudson Estuary (p.34) Data Visualization
No5 Urban Marsh | Tetrahedron (p.38)
ARTWORK
DESIGN INSTALLATION
Salt Marsh Potential, Infrastructural Design, Holland Tunnel Section
No6 Plaza Installation | Castañer, PR (p.48) Concept, Design and Installation
No7 Gilbert’s Corner | Internship (p.52) Site Context, Market Farm Concept
No8 Photography (p.58)
Capturing Iceland, Germany, Denmark, Puerto Rico
No9 Fine Artwork (p.62)
Pieces using various analog mediums
Sterling Rung 3 (716) 507-5219
Site Mapping, Engineering Developments
Research
Copenhagen, Denmark 2015
N1
THE CITY OF CYCLISTS My research began in Denmark with an interest in green infrastructure as Copenhagen was named the European Green Capital of 2014. However, as I landed wide-eyed in such a vibrant city teeming with bicycles, I could not help but to focus my attention on the inter-workings of the bicycle infrastructure and the associated cycling culture. Over a period of three months I conducted my study through visual mapping, field data collecting, interviewing and even attending The European Cyclist’s Federation workshop and lectures. Throughout my time in Copenhagen I was able to get a firm grasp on the logistics and benefits of the bicycle infrastructure, as well as the historically evolving cycling culture. The following information depicts the cycling condition as green infrastructure within Copenhagen: the livable city.
Sterling Rung 5 (716) 507-5219
o
HISTORICAL NARRATIVE The cycling culture in Denmark traces all the way back to the 1860s with the first wooden bicycle, the hobby horse. From there it continued to grow and even became a survivor tool during the German occupation of Denmark in the 1940s, as a shortage of supply and fuel rationing made cycling the dominant means of transport. However the cycling culture encountered
1860
1870 Upper class battle to be the first seen on a hobby horse, the first widely used bicycle made of wood to replace a need for horses
a major obstacle during the 1960s and 70s as the car traffic increased rapidly while cycling decreased, until the energy crisis hit. This led to many political protests that demanded for improved conditions for cyclists. As a result the government made large investments in bicycle infrastructure and the conditions improved dramatically.
1880
1890
The ‘Penny Farthing,’ a bike with large front wheel, is the most widely used bike in Copenhagen
1900 The first bike lane in Denmark was constructed on Esplanaden in 1892, Copenhageners were allowed to cycle on the side of equestrian paths
1910
1920
In 1905 the Danish Cyclist Federation and The Danish Cycling Union is established. Cycle culture is expanding and being praised in songs and literature as a healthy
1930 "If there isn't a boundary between the car lanes and the bicycle lane, then the bicycle lane isn't worth much," said Max Tvermoes, DCF member.
[km]
Cycli s
ts [
thou
sand
s]
anes Bike L
1940
1950 During WW2 the shortage of petrol make bicycles a survival tool. During the period prior to World War II cycling became increasingly popular with almost a 30% increase in bicycle traffic from 1934 to 1939.
1960
1970
During the global economic boom, car traffic explodes and various bike lanes are eliminated and the bicycle trend decreases.
1980 Pressure is put on politicians to improve conditions for cyclists due to the energy crisis, recession and increased traffic congestion. Copenhagen begins to make large investments in bike infrastructure
1990
2000
Denmark establishes the first national bicycle route and a free bike share program, ‘Bycklen’ is established in 1995
2010 Residents cycle approx. 1.27 Mill. miles per day. 37% of all citizens commute by bike every day and there are more bikes than inhabitants. source: copenhagenize
ESTABLISHING THE INFRASTRUCTURE The following maps display the sequence that the cycle lanes/tracks were established in Copenhagen. The historical GIS data begins in 1912 and each new cycle track/lane addition is highlighted in the consecutive time periods. The triggering forces behind the development are: + policy and planning + public participation + crisis + framing
1912 [35 km | 22 mi]
1916 [47.6 km | 30 mi]
1974 [151.6 km | 94 mi]
1985 [245.9 km | 153 mi]
bike lane addition existing bike lane N
1mi
3mi
1935 [96.4 km | 60 mi]
1969 [175 km | 108 mi]
1995 [271.2 km | 169 mi]
2000 [279.4 km | 174 mi]
2013 [363.4 km | 226 mi]
Sterling Rung 9 (716) 507-5219
1927 [73.5 km | 45 mi]
Sterling Rung 11 (716) 507-5219
CYCLE LOGISTICS As Copenhagen’s population increases every Innovative, and sustainable. The city of Copenhagen year the need for reliable bicycle infrastructure is continuously working towards raising the bar for continues to grow. In 2012 1,270,000 km (789,141 what is possible with of urban cycling. The following mi) were cycled daily. Copenhagen aims to be map depicts the current state of Copenhagen’s bike the most bicycle friendly city in the world which infrastructure calling out cycle tracks, green routes was approved by the City Council as an essential and super bike highways. This map contains 390km factor of the vision to make Copenhagen an Eco- of cycle lanes which makes up the complex system metropolis. Thus the City is continuing with their of routes which allows Copenhageners to quickly historic efforts to make Copenhagen a mobile and and effectively traverse the city. livable city by improving and extending bicycle infrastructure. The amount and quality of the It is clear that the bicycle routes are quite connected cycling infrastructure directly impacts the four and encompass the majority of the city streets and major aims for Copenhagen’s transport: speed, parks. However there are a few visible missing links comfort, city life, and sense of security. that are in the process of being developed as the City of Copenhagen plans to increase the number Copenhagen is already considered the city of of cycle tracks by 80%. cyclists and is branded as a livable,
4 out of 5 people have access to a bicycle
=
There are 5 times as many bikes in Copenhagen as cars
Sterling Rung 13 (716) 507-5219
[390 km | 242 mi]
2014
roadway green route (26 mi) cycle track (242 mi) super highway (310 mi) N
.5 mi1
.5 mi
CYCLE TYPOLOGIES Copenhagen is comprised of five different bike lane typologies that are based upon vehicular speed and volume. Each bike lane type has a unique spacing, curb definition, and layout. cycle zone [bikes only] 5’
natural terrain
1.
10
7’
4’
bike path
footpath
7’
sidewalk
residential terrain
GREEN CYCLE ROUTE The green routes create a cohesive network of cycle routes and footpaths that are completely separated from all vehicular traffic. These routes bring cyclists through many types of landscapes such as parks, farmland, and waterfront areas.
2.
2.5’
23’
bi-directional roadway
SHARED SPACE The shared space road typology covers all of the streets that do not have designated bike lanes/tracks. These streets are mainly small side streets that have a low volume of traffic with a speed limit of 30km/h (18mph).
2.5
5’
7’
sidewalk
7’
sidewalk
6’
28’
6’
7’
bike lane
bi-directional roadway
bike lane
sidewalk
3.
CYCLE LANE This typology exists in areas with a medium flow of traffic, traveling at 40 km/h (25 mph). This typology separates cyclists from vehicles with a thick white painted line. The cycle lanes are mainly six feet wide which allows cyclists to pass each other comfortably.
7’
6’
28’
7’
6’
7’
sidewalk
bike lane
bi-directional roadway
parking
bike lane
sidewalk
4.
CYCLE TRACK
The cycle track is the most widely utilized typology. It is considered to be one of the most safe spatial road layouts for cyclists. This typology exists with a medium to high flow of traffic, traveling at 50-60 km/h (30-37 mph).
8’
7’
8’
sidewalk
parking
bike lane
26’
3.5’
bi-directional roadway
5.
CYCLE TRACK +
3.5’
8’
7’
8’
bike lane
parking
sidewalk
The cycle track plus is defined by additional separation from vehicular traffic. This typology exists on roads with a very high flow of traffic traveling at 70-130 km/h (43-80 mph). This road design ensures cyclists safety by extending the horizontal separation. Medians with plantings are often used to create a strong visual barrier.
The City of Copenhagen clearly puts the main focus on pedestrians and cyclist by making it the “normal” mode of transportation. Through valuable investments in bicycle infrastructure the city has been able to stimulate the economy and improve the quality of life.
$ .19 is the cost to society per extra km (.6 mi) traveled by car in Copenhagen $ .22 is gained by society per extra km (.6 mi) traveled by bicycle in Copenhagen
Islands Brygge, Copenhagen. Waterfront
COST BENEFITS
CPH transport
Pedestrian
Sterling Rung 19 (716) 507-5219
MILLION
Cyclist
Transit
MILLION Vehicle
Infrastructure
Movement Efficiency
PRIORITY
COST
[USD]
Masterplanning
Canandaigua, New York 2013
N2
FINGERPRINT This project was an individual effort coinciding with a developer and architect, which led to the masterplanning and development of the mixed-use area on the waterfront of Canandaigua Lake. The location of the focal point, The Fingerlakes Museum, is incredibly important. It has to be very visible, accessible and have a direct connection to downtown Canandaigua. Thus, with a direct view from downtown, the site becomes a gateway and introduction to the Finger Lakes. At a conceptual level, my design was driven by the goals of economic synergy, landscape narrative and ecological exposure. This led to the site planning and development of circulation patterns, water management strategies, and outdoor museum exhibits.
Sterling Rung 21 (716) 507-5219
o
Fingerlakes Museum site design, Canandaigua, NY
CONCEPTUAL SITE DESIGN
+ Landscape Narrative
Landscape as museum enforces the connection of the culture/history to the landscape, offering educational and experiential narratives beyond the museum walls. This is created by the use of an informational datum describing the history and identity of each finger lake.
+ Ecological Exposure
Through carefully designed water management systems and ecological plantings, the environmental stewardship goal emerges. By integrating water runoff and revitalizing the canal edge visitors can gain access to these functions through educational activities.
+ Local Economic Synergy
By creating anchors within the development, the retail, residential, and civic spaces will thrive. Each amenity is specifically placed to create interest within various points throughout the site, leading back toward the downtown district.
Sterling Rung 23 (716) 507-5219
PLANNING Circulation
Landscape as Museum Environmental Stewardship Finger Lakes Datum Native American
Water Management Water Flow Bio Remediation Drainage Patterns
parking lot runoff + low point
Access: Certain points of access within the surrounding museum space is imperative for successful circulation. By integrating pedestrians with bikes, and trolly/bus it will allow for people to explore the site safely.
Outdoor Museum Exhibit: The concept landscape as museum helps to identify the region and extends the exhibit space outside, giving a more diverse experience. These outdoor elements are flexible by nature and supports the mission of the Flinger Lakes Museum.
Water Management: Through collecting and recycling runoff water the site becomes more sustainable by using the water for plants and water play. This design also uses bio remediation to filter the collected water and direct it back towards Canandaigua lake.
Plantings
1 Moist Upland Forest 2 Formal Bosque 3 Open Wetlands
1 Moist Upland Forest
2 Formal Bosque Planting
3 Open Wetlands
B e t u l a p a p y r i f e ra
Po p u l u s t re m u l o i d e s
Ca rex s t ric t a
Fa g u s g ra n d i f o l i a
Ti a re l l a t r i f o l i a t a
A c o rus americ ana
[ Whi t e B i rch]
[ A mer i can b eech]
Ru b u s o c c i d e n t a l i s
[ B l ack Rasp b er r y ]
Ecological Plantings: The three planting typologies help to diversify the site while enhancing the visual aspects of the site through plant material. These plantings will also attract wildlife species and thus enhance the experience for visitors.
Upland Forest:
This planting selection in based upon regional ecologies. It also is derived from historical native American significance. Therefore forming a strong visual and historical connection.
[ Q u aki n g A sp en ] [ Fo amflo w er ]
Pa n i c u m v i rg a t u m
[ S w i t chg rass]
Formal Bosque:
The formal planing contrasts the more organic ecological plantings on the west side of the datum. This plant selection stems from the significant characteristics of each native plant.
[ Hum m ock Se dge ] [ S we e tflag]
A s ter nov ae- angliae
[ Ne w England Aste r]
Open Wetlands:
These plantings function as the filtering portion of the site. These species will help remove contaminants from the water while providing immense habitat from local bird, aquatic and insect species.
Sterling Rung 25 (716) 507-5219
ECOLOGICAL TYPOLOGIES
CONSTRUCTION My design for the Canandaigua project, was the one selected for the class to move forward with to complete a set of construction documents. The adjacent graphic is the planting plan that I created. It was interesting to see how the design evolved from concept to construction documents. This processes altered the layout, and planting mainly by the grading and drainage process. Along with three of my peers we will complete the entire set of construction documents including: - Existing plan - Demolition plan - Erosion Plan - Soils Plan - Layout plan - Grading plan - Material plan - Planting plan - Details - Specifications - Cut sheets - Cost estimate
Sterling Rung 27 (716) 507-5219
URBAN LAND (Ub) THE SOIL WITHIN THESE AREAS ARE OBSCURED BY DEVELOPMENT. IDENTIFICATION OF THESE SOILS ARE NOT FEASIBLE.
ONTARIO (OnC) EROSION OF THIS SOIL OCCURS WHEN THE SLOPES ARE STEEPER. GRAVELLY LOAM TEXTURE CREATES WELL DRAINED SOILS.
TEEL (Te) WITHOUT PROTECTIVE COVER THE SOIL IS SUBJECT TO CUTTING DURING FLOODS. THERE IS A HIGHLY ERODIBLE NATURE TO THE SOIL.
HIGH DENSITY INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL
PALMYRA (PgA) THE SOILS IN THIS AREA ARE MODERATELY PERMEABLE WITH WELL DRAINED SOILS. CONDITIONS CAN BE INFLUENCED BY STEEP SLOPES.
MEDIUM DENSITY CITY RESIDENTIAL
CAMILLIS (CaB, CaC) WELL DRAINED WITH HAZARD OF EROSION.
HONEOYE (HnB, HnC)
LOW DENSITY
STEEPER SLOPES CREATE HAZARD OF EROSION.
SUBURBAN SPRAWL
MANHEIM (MhA, MhB, MwB) SOIL HAS A MEDIUM TEXTURE WITH ERODIBLE TENDENCIES.
SLOPE ANALYSIS
SOIL EROSION RATES
IMPERVIOUS SURFACES
SLOPE PERCENTAGE IS CRUCIAL IN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT AND VELOCITY OF WATER WHICH TRAVELS ACROSS LAND. THE STEEPER THE SLOPE, THE HIGHER THE WATER VELOCITY AND MORE LIKELY EROSION IS TO OCCUR.
TEXTURE IS A MAIN CHARACTERISTIC OF SOIL THAT ALLOWS TO DETERMINE ERODIBILITY. THE SURVEY ABOVE HIGHLIGHTS THE SOILS SURROUNDING THE HARBOR BROOK CHANNEL AND INDICATES THE RATE OF EROSION. IN AREAS OF HIGH SOIL ERODIBILITY, INFRASTRUCTURE HAS COME TO MITIGATE THE ISSUE OF UNSTABLE STREAM BANKS WITHIN DEVELOPED AREAS.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACES DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF RUNOFF THAT INFILTRATES INTO HARBOR BROOK. MAPPED ARE ALL IMPERVIOUS SURFACES ADJACENT TO HARBOR BROOK. ALL PAVED SURFACES, ROADS, RAILROADS, AND BUILDINGS WERE CONSIDERED IMPERMEABLE.
<2%
2-6%
6-12%
12-20%
>20% .43
Research
Syracuse, New York 2013
.28
.20
.17
UNKNOWN SOIL
N3
HARBOR BROOK
This research project was conducted as a team to examine the condition and watershed of Harbor Brook. Through site analysis and mapping tools we uncovered the intricacies of the brook’s infrastructure. To better understand the watershed we studied the soil types, impervious surfaces, and slopes to inform future design interventions. Through the data collection and historical context we were able to pinpoint suitable areas for infrastructural additions whether it was naturalized, earthened, culverted, or channelized. We completed a design implementation with a five year phasing plan that reclaimed and activated the brook to allow for ecological stability and engagement for the local community.
Sterling Rung 29 (716) 507-5219
o
SITE PLANNING Harbor Brook, a key waterway in the city of Syracuse, relies heavily on various infrastructures and culverts. It was redirected along the southwestern shores of Onondaga lake to reduce the length of the river. The associated marsh lands were acquired by the city of Syracuse to be developed. The Solvay Process Company also affected the structure of the waterway. In the production of soda ash, an excess amount of waste material was left along the southwestern shore as well. This manipulation of natural resources is an impressive use of engineering tools, however it greatly disturbed the natural processes of the area. Therefore our main objective derived from our research was to reclaim, activate, mitigate, and engage Harbor Brook. Earthened Channel
UNDERGROUND EXIT During the 1912 construction plans for the engineering of Harbor Brook, the flow of water was placed under the city in a pipe.
UNDERGROUND ENTRANCE The brook enters the underground pipe as it travels through the urban area. Additionally steel grates have been placed at the entrance to catch debris from traveling underground.
Engineered Channel Culverted Natural Channel
0
250
750
1750
2020 2013 1912 1827 GRAND AVE
NO
ND
AG
A
BL
VD
ONONDAGA LAKE 690
B
L
V
D
CULVERT 2 The second culvert from the entrance to Onondaga Lake is a concrete box culvert. The length of the culvert is 111 LF with a height of 5 FT and a width of 16 FT. H
IA
W
A
T
H
A
CULVERT 3 The third culvert is a dual barrel culvert that can be evaluated as two separate culverts. One barrel contains the majority of water flow from the brook while the second contains pipeline structures. Each culvert is 78” in Diameter and has a length of 309 LF.
690
E
R
IE
B
LV
D
W
E
S
CULVERT 4 In an architectural survey, infrastructure was evaluated for historical purposes. Culvert four is a stone arch that is 16 FT in height and 78 FT in length. It is currently being considered for recognition in the national register of historic places.
T
690
WE
NE
SE
E
E S
T
ST
E
R
IE
B
LV
D
W
E
S
T
ER
G
ON
ON
DA
GA
BLV
D
RA
ND
AV
E
IE
BLV
D W
ES
T
Sterling Rung 31 (716) 507-5219
GE
ESE
ES ST
ST
GEN
SOUTH GEDD
WE
ST
SOUTH GEDDES ST
CULVERT 5 Culvert five is 7.5 FT in height and 8 FT in width. The overall length of the culvert is 126 FT and is connected with a heavily channelized portion of the brook.
ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENTS Through the analysis of the current infrastructural elements along Harbor Brook we targeted areas for improvement. Therefor the following graphic depicts the 5 year phasing of a culverted channel to improve the viability of the waterway.
crushed up concrete creates earthmounds and a meandering stream
concrete channel floor will become permeable through a new surface
RECLAIM PHASE 1
Acquisition of the new channel floor will allow water to return to the ground, localizing excess water flows and reducing the volume of water entering the city of Syracuse.
ACTIVATE PHASE 2 + 1yr
The construction of these structures will begin to replicate the meandering flow of a natural brook. Processes such as erosion and deposition will begin to establish a surface for future habitat development.
Sterling Rung 33 (716) 507-5219 Establishing plantplant life with helphelp Establishing life with filterfilter and clean stormstorm waterwater whilewhile and clean preventing further pollution preventing further pollution
PHASE 3 +32+ 2 The The MITIGATE PHASE MITIGATE established meandering brook is developed intointo a rich andand thriving established meandering brook is developed a rich thriving
ecosystem. Wildlife will will workwork withwith site site processes to clean the the locallocal runoff. ecosystem. Wildlife processes to clean runoff.
PHASE 4 +41+ 1 The The ENGAGE PHASE ENGAGE rehabilitated channel has has beenbeen adapted to treat andand filterfilter urban runoff rehabilitated channel adapted to treat urban runoff
andand supports abundant wildlife. Additional infrastructure can can alteralter the the supports abundant wildlife. Additional infrastructure improved channel intointo a park-like setting for residents to enjoy. improved channel a park-like setting for residents to enjoy.
Research
Hudson River, New York 2013
CHLOROPHYLL OXYGEN
UNACCEPTABLE
50 FTU
HOLLY LEAVED BARBERRY BLUE COHOSH
EROSION CONTROL:
BARREL CLOVER SWITCH GRASS
BIO REMEDIATOR:
BENT GRASS IRISH MOSS
METAL AND PBC RESISTANT:
PICKLEWEED FLESHY JAUMEA
SALINITY VEGETATION:
DUCKWEED HARDSTEM BULRUSH TOSSUCK
BACTERIA RESISTANT:
SPOTTED JEWEL WEED CARDINAL FLOWER SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION: WATER CELERY PONDWEED
INDICATOR OF HEALTH
RIPARIAN VEGETATION:
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
24 %
METAL CONTAMINANTS INCLUDING: ARSENIC, CADIUM, CHROMIUM, COPPER, LEAD, MURCURY, NICKEL, SILVER, ZINC.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON INCLUDING: CONTAMINANTS FROM EXHAUST AND INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS
ENTEROCOCCUS BACTERIA COUNT
ACCEPTABLE POSSIBLE RISK
General Electric (GE) discharged PCB’s into the Hudson River at it’s Hudson Falls & Fort Edward, N.Y. plants
MOHAWK RIVER
0 + 150
TROY
ALBANY POPULATION 2011: 97,660
SCALE EXAGGERATED 10X
0 + 145
0 + 120
ALBANY
1 0 + 140
0 + 135
0 + 130
0 + 125
COXSACKIE
N4
HUDSON ESTUARY This project was a two person team effort to reveal the condition of the Hudson Estuary. The analysis involved the examination of soil, sediment, contaminants, deposition, and vegetation as it interacted with the Hudson river. The main containments effecting the Estuary were bacteria from CSO outfalls, and metal/PCB’s from industrial waste and pollution. The soil types found indicated points of erosion and the possibility of soil entering the Hudson. The three focus points along the Hudson: Albany, Kingston, and New York City provide three prime examples of the “matter” interacting. The Albany site is in poor condition due to the large amount of CSO outfalls and industrial containments. The Kingston site is a bit more desirable as it has a lower amount of containments and low erosion, creating a prime riparian environment. Finally NYC presents a poor environmental condition due to the high metal contents, PAH, and CSO containments because of the high population density and runoff.
Sterling Rung 35 (716) 507-5219
o
METAL CONTAMINANTS INCLUDING: ARSENIC, CADIUM, CHROMIUM, COPPER, LEAD, MURCURY, NICKEL, SILVER, ZINC.
HOLLY LEAVED BARBERRY BLUE COHOSH
BIO REMEDIATOR:
EROSION CONTROL:
METAL AND PBC RESISTANT:
BARREL CLOVER SWITCH GRASS
SALINITY VEGETATION:
BENT GRASS IRISH MOSS
PICKLEWEED FLESHY JAUMEA
BACTERIA RESISTANT:
General Electric (GE) discharged PCB’s into the Hudson River at it’s Hudson Falls & Fort Edward, N.Y. plants
DUCKWEED HARDSTEM BULRUSH TOSSUCK
INDICATOR OF HEALTH
RIPARIAN VEGETATION:
SPOTTED JEWEL WEED CARDINAL FLOWER SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION: WATER CELERY PONDWEED
HIGH
LOW
MEDIUM
50 FTU 24 %
CHLOROPHYLL
OXYGEN UNACCEPTABLE
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON INCLUDING: CONTAMINANTS FROM EXHAUST AND INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS
ENTEROCOCCUS BACTERIA COUNT ACCEPTABLE
POSSIBLE RISK
apx. 50 miles N. of Albany
MOHAWK RIVER
TROY 0 + 150
ALBANY POPULATION 2011: 97,660
0 + 145
ALBANY
SCALE EXAGGERATED 10X
1 0 + 140
0 + 135
DATA VISUALIZATION
0 + 130
The data driven board layout is position to read horizontally, displaying the various particle interactions. The highlighted locations of Albany, Kingston, and NYC give a much more detailed view of the contaminate levels with the associated vegetation.
0 + 125
COXSACKIE
0 + 120
0 + 115
0 + 110
0 + 105
Albany is a poor environmental site due to the CSO outfalls and industrial containments and therefore the vegetation found is different/ less desirable than Kingston which represents a better riparian condition. Finally NYC represents a poor condition because of the high metal, PAH, and CSO containments due to the high population density and runoff of pollution.
SAUGERTIES
0 + 100
0 + 95
KINGSTON | RHINEBECK
KINGSTON | RHINEBECK POPULATION 2011: 23,887
0 + 90
SCALE EXAGGERATED 10X
2 0 + 85
0 + 80
POUGHKEEPSIE
0 + 75
0 + 70
0 + 65
NEWBURGH | BEACON 0 + 60
0 + 55
0 + 50
0 + 45
PEEKSKILL
TURBIDITY
EROSION
SOIL ENTERING WATER
DEPOSITION
0 + 30
HUDSON RIVER
0 + 35
NYACK | TARRYTOWN
0 + 25
YONKERS 0 + 20
0 + 15
NYC POPULATION 2011: 8,244,910
BRONX 0 + 10
NEW YORK CITY QUEENS 0+5
VEGETATION
AREAS OF EROSION
TURBIDITY
SALINITY SALINITY
AREAS OF DEPOSITION
METALS | PAH’S
PROBABILITY OF SOIL ENTERING WATER: BASED ON SOIL TYPE, TREE COVER, IMPERVIOUSNESS
BACTERIA | CHLOROPHYLL | OXYGEN
METAL & PAH CONCENTRATIONS
BACTERIA, CHLOROPHYLL, OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS
0 + 40
MANHATTAN
LONG ISLAND 0
BROOKLYN
7.0 MILES CSO OUTFALLS
VEGETATION
600’ ATLANTIC OCEAN
A
EROSION & SOIL FACTORS
TUSSOCK
BARREL CLOVER DUCKWEED
BRAODLEAF CATTAIL BIG CORDGRASS
COTTON GRASS
SPHAGNUM MOSS LEATHERLEAF
PONDWEED
WATER CELERY
B
CARDINAL FLOWER
ASTOR COVE
RIVER 29.0’ AT ITS DEEPEST POINT
KINGSTON C
200’
10 ENTEROCOCCUS (BACTERIA) 95 OXYGEN
river apx. 32’ deep at albany
ALBANY
SPOTTED JEWELWEED
AMTRACK RAIL LINES
THE FLAT (ONLY 4.0’ DEEP)
HARDSTEM BULRUSH
C1
3.1 CHLOROPHYLL
8 FTU (TURBIDITY)
50’ B1
HIGH DEPOSITION Cf
110 ENTEROCOCCUS (BACTERIA)
UnC
BoD
104 OXYGEN
Fw
2.3 CHLOROPHYLL
KrD
3 PAH (INDUSTRIAL CONTAMINANTS) 16 FTU (TURBIDITY)
HvE
HvB
HIGH RISK OF EROSION
Cg BoD
HvB
Hy
UnBC1
C Sa
HvB
LoB
DESIRED CONDITION
1 mile
Gp
Wb
RvB
PrD RvB HvB KrD BoD RvC
HvB
RvB Hy
CSO OUTFALLS
THE MAJOR FACTORS OF MATTER STUDIED IN THE ANALYSIS WERE CONTAMINANTS, SOIL TYPES, SEDIMENT DEPOSITION & VEGETATION. THESE MATERIALS WERE DEEMED MOST SIGNIFICANT DUE TO THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH WATER ON VARIOUS LEVELS THROUGHOUT THE HUDSON RIVER ESTUARY. THE MAIN CONTAMINANTS EFFECTING THE ESTUARY WERE BACTERIA FROM CSO OUTFALLS, AND METAL/ PCB’S FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND POLLUTION. THE SOIL TYPES FOUND INDICATED POINTS OF EROSION AND POSSIBILITY OF SOIL ENTERING THE HUDSON. THESE PARTICLE FACTORS INFLUENCE THE TYPES OF PLANT GROWTH AND VEGETATION FOUND. SOME OF THE VEGETATION EVEN HAS POTENTIAL TO PHYTOREMEDIATE AND REDUCE CONTAINMENTS IN THE WATER AND SEDIMENTS WITHIN THE RIVER BED.
LadA
UrpB
PboB
PbfC
THE THREE FOCUS POINTS- ALBANY, KINGSTON, AND NYC PROVIDE THREE EXAMPLES OF THE “MATTER” INTERACTING. ALBANY IS A POOR SITE DUE TO THE VARIOUS CSO OUTFALLS AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINMENTS; THEREFOR THE VEGETATION FOUND IS DIFFERENT/ LESS DESIRABLE THAN KINGSTON, WHICH REPRESENTS A BETTER ENVIRONMENT CONDITION. KINGSTON CONTAINS LOW CONTAINMENTS, LOW EROSION AND HIGH DEPOSITION CREATING A PRIME RIPARIAN ENVIRONMENT FOR VEGETATION. FINALLY NYC REPRESENTS A POOR CONDITION BECAUSE OF THE HIGH METAL FOUND AS WELL AS THE PAH AND CSO CONTAMINANTS DUE TO THE HIGH POPULATION DENSITY AND RUNOFF OF POLLUTION.
UrpB
LadA
LepB
UdwB
PbfC
UrpB
Ur
LepB
PbfC
MfcX UdwB
BouD
BoD
CONCEPT:
UdwB LagA
Ur
HvB NwB
UrpB
BorE
BoD
UnC
1 mile
LadA
BoD
Hy
StD
2
CSO OUTFALLS BorE
HvB
Cd
PHYTOREMED.
RvB
KrB BoD
Cf
HIGH TURBIDITY
Cf
NbF
Wb
RIPARIAN VEG.
KINGSTON
PrC
Fw
PAH CONTAM.
Ud
METAL RESIST.
1
PHYTOREMED.
HuE
HoC
RIPARIAN VEG.
NaC
Cb PrC
StD
Hy
Cf
BACTERIA RESIST.
ALBANY
Ud
Hy Fw
RvB
PAH CONTAM.
MbD TeA LoB HoC
MEDIUM ERODIBLE SOIL (HuE- HUDSON SILT LOAM)
CITY OF ALBANY
HIGHLY ERODIBLE SOIL (Ud- UDORTHENTS, LOAMY)
B1
HIGH TURBIDITY
LOW ERODIBLE SOIL (HoC- HOWARD GRAVELLY SILT LOAM)
HoC
B
BACTERIAL (CSO)
POOR CONDITION
HuE
Wb
NbF
BACTERIAL (CSO)
Sa
Sa
LOW ERODIBLE SOIL (Hy- HYDRAGUENTS + MEDISAPRISTS)
Sa
NbF Fw
HIGHLY ERODIBLE SOIL (HvB- HUDSON + VERGENNES)
TeB Uk Ud
UnB
CITY OF KINGSTON
ElB
MEDIUM ERODIBLE SOIL (BoD- BATH NASSAU)
HuE
THROUGH CROSS EXAMINATION THE INFORMATION CAN INFLUENCE FUTURE DESIGN PROPOSALS TO REMEDIATE THESE PARTICLE CONTAMINATION AND EROSION ISSUES.
LagA LcpB
LadA PbtB
BouD
PbfC
SIZE TERM
φ SCALE SIZE (mm.)
DOMINANT SUBDOMINANT
GRAVEL
-12.0--.1.0 4096-2.00
GRAVEL
<10% SAND AND <10% MUD
GRAVELLY MUD
4.0-5.0
MUD
>10% GRAVEL (GRAVEL>SAND)
GRAVELLY SAND 2.00-1.00 -1.0-0.0
SAND
>10% GRAVEL (GRAVEL>MUD)
MUD
PboB
Ur
UdwB UdwB PbwB
LpB
Ur UdwB LagA
URTILB
URWETB
PboB
URWETB
LagA LepB
UdwB
PboB URTILB LadA URWETB
WectA
1 mile
MUD
<10% SAND AND <10% GRAVEL
MUDDY GRAVEL
GRAVEL
>10% MUD (MUD>SAND)
MUDDY SAND
0.125-0.0625
>10% MUD (MUD>GRAVEL)
(VERY FINE SAND)
3.0-4.0
SAND
SAND
-1.0-4.0
2.00-0.0625
SAND
<10% MUD AND <10% GRAVEL
SANDY GRAVEL
-2.0--1.0
4-2.0
GRAVEL
>10% SAND (SAND>MUD)
SANDY MUD
4.0-8.0
0.0625-0.0039 MUD
(GRANULE)
8.0- 14.0
.0039-.00006
<10% SAND (SAND>GRAVEL)
(SILT)
**PARTICLE SIZE IS AN ESTIMATION BASED ON THE USGS WENTWORTH GRAIN SIZE CHART:
THE STUDY DETERMINED THEIR OWN CATEGORIES SHOWN ADJACENT TO THE COLOR CODE BASED ON THIS STANDARDIZED CHART http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-001/htmldocs/nomenclature.htm
LepB
CSO OUTFALLS
FLESHY JAUMEA
BROADLEAF CATTAIIL
PICKLEWEED
MAX DEPTH HUDSON RIVER ON TRANSECT (60.0’ DEEP)
NEW JERSEY
CHELSEA PIER (GOLF RANGE)
LOWER MANHATTAN
50 ENTEROCOCCUS (BACTERIA) 85 OXYGEN MUD
HIGH TURBIDITY
LagA
LagA
0.0625-0.031
(VERY COARSE SAND)
VEGETATION
Ur
SALINITY
MANHATTAN
LagA
(COARSE SILT)
PAH CONTAM.
UdwB
Ur
METAL CONTAM.
A1
Ur
HIGHLY ERODIBLE SOIL (UdwB- UDORTHENTS, WEB SUBSTRATUM)
A BorE BouD
BACTERIAL (CSO)
Ur
LOW ERODIBLE SOIL ( Lad A- LAGUARDIA FINE SANDY LOAM)
POOR CONDITION
BouD
MEDIUM ERODIBLE SOIL (Lag A- LAFUARDIA ARTIFICIAL COARSE, SANDY LOAM)
LagA
SANDY MUD
MUD
SANDY MUD
2.1 CHLOROPHYLL 10 METAL CONTAMINANTS
A1
30 SALINITY 12 FTU (TURBIDITY)
HIGH RISK OF EROSION HIGH DEPOSITION
Sterling Rung 37 (716) 507-5219
PBC/METAL FACTORS
RIPARIAN VEGETATION
B.BOISCLAIR | V.KAM | S.RUNG | LSA 327
BACTERIA (cso) FACTORS
RIPARIAN VEGETATION: WATER
MATTER: PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IN THE HUDSON RIVER
EROSION & SOIL FACTORS
MODULAR INFRASTRUCTURE Experimental Design
Hudson River, New York 2013
N5
TETRAHEDRON This design study was an individual effort based upon the data realization of the Hudson Estuary. My task was to develop a modular infrastructure to improve the water quality, reinforce the shoreline, provide habitat, create livable space for the population; along with biofilm and seed-bank production. This was accomplished through recreation of a series of urban salt marshes as the new interface between New York and the Hudson River. The salt marsh creates a natural buffer between land and water which is a critical part of terrestrial environments in coastal areas. The first step in creating my design involved the modeling of the tetrahedron infrastructure to test the viability of the form. I was able to utilize an experimental riverbed to test my modules which informed the layout of my design.
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SALT MARSH POTENTIAL Due to the construction and development over the past 200 years humans have destroyed over 80% of the salt marsh habitat on Manhattan. If all of Manhattan was restored to a salt marsh it would filter 472,972,499,136 cft/s per day. These salt marsh habitats are a buffer in volatile storm events and play a large role in nutrient dispersal. Marshes naturally protect against wave energy, erosion, and flooding while also removing containments from the water. Therefore the designed infrastructure aims to reestablish the marshland along the interface of Manhattan. The following graphic depicts the potential for marsh land habitats along the shore. Shoreling with salt marsh potential Non-Engineered Edge Vegetation Rip-rap Sand
Ideal Salt Marsh Conditions
Low metal Contaminants
Areas in need of salt marsh remediation High metal contaminants High Bacteria count
Areas for potential mini-marsh based on salinity High potential - within 500’
Low Potential - within 1 mi Potential inland marsh condition
SITE: HOLLAND TUNNEL Sterling Rung 41 (716) 507-5219
MANHATTAN, NY
HUDSON RIVER
LAYOUT/PERFORMANCE
WATER FLOW
The Holland Tunnel site was choses as a key place for intervention due to it’s critical urban location, and poor site conditions. Currently the Holland Tunnel shoreline has poor water quality with high levels of bacteria from neighboring CSO outfalls and high levels from metals/pollutants. The water also has low oxygen and chlorophyll levels which decreases species habitat. The Holland Tunnel is in a major flooding zone and is subject to high levels of damage. Finally, the site has a very small water/land interface which impedes the connection of peoplewater-habitat. Therefore my main objectives for the design was to filter water, create habitat, protect against flooding and to increase the interface. The following graphic conveys the location and layout of the tetrahedron modules to emulate a pier-like form.
PERFORMANCE: Pier Surface
E LIN
RE
based on Hudson discharge of 115,388,928,000 CFT/S
O SH
Filters: 397,795,424 cft/s per day
Phytoremediation
HOLLAN
D TUNN
CSO
CSO
Filter / Undulating Form + Habitat Improvement/Visual Edge
CSO
CSO
MANHATTAN
FLOODZONE
Grated / Flat side up + Visible flow of water into shoreline
WEST STREET
EL
Section
INTERFACE ZONE 100’_MARSH FLATS (-2”)
150’_MUDFLATS (-4”)
200’_POOLS (-6”)
50’ _HIGH MARSH
Sterling Rung 47 (716) 507-5219
6. Sky Installation (nubes)
5. Mural
4. Dominoes
3. Lake Guayo
2. Seating
1. Plantings
Puerto Rico
SITE PLAN INSTALLATIONS
Castañer
1
Design and Installation Castañer, Puerto Rico 2014
N
100 ft
N6
PLAZA INTERVENTION The goal of this team design and build project was to revitalize the plaza space for the community of Castañer, Puerto Rico. We began with a series of research and design studies to better understand the nuances of public space and to generate innovative and low cost solutions. We took inventory of the existing features and pinpointed areas of intervention based upon need with a palette of materials to represent the region culturally and historically. We then spent twelve days in Puerto Rico to further develop our designs, in collaboration with architecture program at the University of Ponce. Finally we installed our implementations by hand with help from the locals. The revitalization efforts included: a 60’x15’ mural, clouds and earth water play sculpture, ground plane painted/engraved map, oversized domino play structures, planting beds, signage, and benches.
Sterling Rung 49 (716) 507-5219
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SITE INSTALLATION
1. Plantings
2. Seating
3. Lake Guayo
The site contained ten planting beds with failing plant material. Therefore one of our main goals was to come up with a regional plant palette that integrated a range of colors and textures into the space. As a group we installed all the plant material, ranging from small ground cover to large shrubbery.
Due to the small budget and the current state of the concrete benches, we decided to retain all the seating. However we painted all of the benches and even employed the help of the local community members.
One of the main ground plane interventions was the representation of the local Lake Guayo. A large scale outline of the lake was cut and the inside bathemitry was painted within our color scheme. By displaying the lake right in the center of the plaza space it helped to educate visitors about the increasing sedimentation of Lake Guayo; which has been a major trend of many other lakes in Puerto Rico.
Sterling Rung 51 (716) 507-5219
4. Dominoes
5. Mural
6. Sky Installation (nubes)
The sculptural play elements were created to emulate the Puerto Rican cultural history of the game of dominoes. These six ft long elements were made of wood and cut using a CNC router. All together there were four dominoes which created a dramatic contrast against the surrounding coloring of the plaza. The locals enjoyed these features as benches, sculpture and play.
The 60’x15’ mural was a collaborative effort that I lead to represented the local culture of Castañer, PR. The concept was derived from meetings with the community, historical research, and tours of the region. Working within a very tight deadline provided us with a series of problems, however we were able to set up flood lights and painted for two days straight; night and day.
The nubes were a sculptural art project that spoke to the collection and dispersal of water, which has become a major concern of the region. This sculpture relayed heavily on the experience through the senses. Due to the materiality of aluminum the pieces not only reflected sky-like images, but also created a unique sound atmosphere during rain events.
FARM FIELDS Intensively managed working lands are visible to the public
A convenient and unique market draws vendors and visitors
WILDLIFE CORRIDORS
CIRCULATION
GILBERTS
MARKET
.
VIEWS
CONNECTIVITY
G R E E N P R O J E C T L LC [ G I L B E R T ’ S CO R N E R ] Internship
Middleberg, Virginia 2013
N7
MARKET FARM I was the intern acting as a consulting landscape designer for the Green Project LLC the summer of 2013. This study involved a landscape and systems analysis of a 33 acre plot of land that is under a lot of pressure for development. The goal of the project was to preserve the integrity of the historic farm land and to create a direct farm to market link on sight, while providing various educational elements and amenities. This collaborative project allowed me to experience sight progression through the developer, historic preservation, marketing, and business lens. The output of this summer long research and design study was a large comprehensive document including various maps, texts, and case studies. I have only included a few drawings and texts to give a brief overview of the experience. I can provide the whole document upon request.
Sterling Rung 53 (716) 507-5219
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SITE CONTEXT
PRESIDENT MONROE’S ESTATE
WOODLEA HILLS
CREIGHTON FARMS
BARCLAY RIDGE
CEDAR GROVE
WOODBURN
There is a major trend of development within the northern Virginia area. The once prized farmland is now being divided up into small plots with uniform homes configured around roads with nostalgic names as seen below. The rise of developing has become even more apparent across RT 15: with clouds of dust filling the air from construction.
EXETER HILLS
RED CEDAR HAMLETS
GREENWAY FARM
LINDEN HILL
EDWARDS LANDING
EVERGREEN MEADOWS
GEORGETOWN MEWS
The 175-mile stretch of U.S. 15 that extends from Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello in Virginia has been designated one of the 11 “most endangered historic places” by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. The non-profit aims to raise national and international awareness of the unparalleled history in the region.
TOPOGRAPHY
GIL CO
PIEDMONT REGIO LOUDOUN COUNTY 325,405 people (605/acre)
55.8% Farmland
42.8% Farmland 1,427 Farms $7,387/acre
*2004
*2007
MT. ZION CHURCH
GILBERTS CORNER
LBERT’S ORNER
ON PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY 419.006 people (1,195/acre)
446 FARMS = 82,329 acres @ $3,078/acre
MADISON CRESCENT
BRINESTONE PLACE
JUPITER HILLS
WEST MARKET
GAINSMILL COURT
DOMINION VALLEY
ROTHSCHILD COURT
WAVERLY FARM
The design emerged from a concept that encompassed the production, aggregation, and market sales; creating a strong connection between local food and people. The 33 acre site was broken down into farm plots, some leased to experience farmers and a few plots designated for smaller incubator plots. The next section include managing and gathering other food products to improve the diversity of foods sold. Finally a market structure was studied to create modular leasing opportunities that could be flexible on site; offering a food hub adjoined with prepared and value added foods. EXPERIENCE I gained a wealth of experience completing this internship in Virginia. It provided me with the tools to meet and interview the community, shareholders, and farmers as the business plan was being developed. I was able to work with an array of people; from the marketing team, collaborating on the title and design of the logo, to the Piedmont Environmental Council who helped us acquire the land. I even got the opportunity to fly in a helicopter to photograph aerial shots of our site. Construction has began and they are opening a large portion of the site this spring (2015).
1 storage/ coolers
local farms
MARKET
2/3
processing
MARKET FARM CONCEPT
market stalls prepared foods
local farms
FARM FIELDS DIRECT 1 LOCAL
Straight from the site’s fields to the stand, this technique has more seasonal and diversity limitations on the market products. very local. Farmers or hired sales people can manage stalls.
GATHER 2 MARKET
Requires market manager and storage facilities/workers. Can manage to maintain diversity of product over 7 day/week. Requires hired sales people to run stands. More farmers may be drawn to potential of drop-off market (simpler structure). Less dependent on field production.
STALLS 3 LEASING
Here, farmers direct sale their products in provided market stalls, providing own labor. Management decisions, focused in tenant selection process. This is how manage product quality, diversity, display, etc. therefore less dependent on fields.
Sterling Rung 57 (716) 507-5219
Photography
Copenhagen, Denmark 2014
N8
PHOTOGRAPHY Photography has always been a big part of my life and has aided me throughout my professional endeavors. The ability to capture moments with careful consideration of light, balance and composition has been one of my strong suits. I Have grown from taking shots of the Adirondack Mountains with my family to capturing views in a helicopter for my internship site analysis. I have cultivated a true passion for photography and I believe it will benefit me as it is linked to the field in many ways. From site exploration to publishing and marketing, taking photographs will always be one of my main competencies.
Sterling Rung 59 (716) 507-5219
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PHOTOGRAPHY
Reykjavik Iceland
Osnabrück Germany
Reykjavik Iceland
Sterling Rung 61 (716) 507-5219
Copenhagen Denmark
Castañer Puerto Rico
Copenhagen Denmark
Fine Arts
Buffalo, New York 2010
N9
FINE ARTS At the beginning of my educational career I took a series of fine arts classes to hone my analog talents. This experience helped me develop my graphic expression, teaching me about light, contrast, color and form. Most of my breath concentrated on light and the way it effected composition and emotion. My background in fine arts led me to the profession of landscape architecture, with a fondness of graphic quality and composition and an interest in science and plant material, I have finally found my niche. The following pieces were all created between 2010 - 2011 and were drawn from real life or personally taken references.
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FINE ARTS
Strife
Charcoal
Lingering Pastel
Still Jar Charcoal
Sterling Rung 65 (716) 507-5219
Wistful Conte
The Bike Graphite
Hue
Pastel
SR Sterling R. Rung 8585 Tonawanda Ck. East Amherst, NY 14051 srrung@syr.edu (716) 507-5219
http://sterlingrung.wordpress.com