Volume 33 ©SS ©SS2014 2014 Volume6, 6, No. 33
UGUST 1, 1,2014 2014 FFRIDAY RIDAY ,, AAUGUST
A view viewofof thethe fieldfield hospital Tacloban hospital atat Tacloban Airport, Tacloban, Airport, Tacloban, Philippines. Philippines. E E RIC RIC G GUZMAN UZMAN /Stars /Stars and andStripes Stripes
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Repairs at Tacloban’s airport, Repairs at Tacloban’s airport, all in Typhoon Haiyan,Haiyan, allbut butdestroyed destroyed in Typhoon are complete. arealmost almost complete. SSETH /Stars and ETH R ROBSON OBSON /Stars andStripes Stripes
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Left: A view of the field hospital at Tacloban Airport. Right: Petty Officer 2nd Class Justin Peach prepares to drop supplies from an MH-60S Seahawk at Tacloban Air Base in support of Operation Damayan in the Philippines on Nov. 8, 2013. PHOTOS
B Y SE T H
BY
ERIC G UZMAN / Stars and Stripes
ROB
SON Stars an d Stripe s
TACLO rushing s nearly w BAN, Philippin of some eawater that rea es — Ty iped Tac building ched the phoon H eight mo loban off s. second f The flig a n loor ht line — tic waste ths ago, leaving the face of the e iyan a 40,000 h n d w th h a land of b e b o r r e u th e h s om h a in n e d li d c s a blocked o o n o dies, coll p f a b te fr li p y r es home es in the city an o ig a s c r h a b streets. m tene lyp uzz ed apsed bu les d left 25 Today, th ildings a evacuati Filipino troops d people held b ed ,000 fam The city s, he said. ack nd e city of on flights threaten ia im tral Phil s minal, r e to th d — b e to u is h ippines is 240,000 people il r elp of aid clear no ush d 14,000 educed to full of tr w b in n o . o a e r T u th g w a a n h n a re livin ew roo skeleto ec e main cin home nizati a tradesm ffic, children ar g back. Streets ena makes f and walls. A b n by high wind ter- in tem g in tents and a ons, but 1,000 p s with are en are h e back in eople s h u p n , o if il h a r d t d a a in o d s r ard at w pera aged bu g th school a and fres As all th y shelters, he sa itional 2,000 are ork ildin nd h paint. ting theater has at served as is id . c Thousan gs and infrastr patching up dam o nstr new win Some o vibrant c dows ommerc uction is going military ds of people w ucture. aid orga f the recovery h o ia C ho evacu planes a o m n a iz s m been fos ations li uters fro l life has return n, the city’s the fund a ft Habitat k te T m e ed. r a J s to go h er the storm ha ted on U.S. e c o o d lo u hn fo tlyin b ban’s ome and commun v do medic r Humanity. U.S son’s group and y day, Rom population to 8 g villages swell help reb e scraped up ities. a . l fo and eng 0 uild sha Those w month. ineering rces returned to trading ualdez said, takin 0,000 during th ttered work ea hub’s 45 e g days are ho saw Tacloba B r b u li b anks and advantage of th t Taclob er this usinesse nd am a s n n . ’s u “What’s azed by the tra uring its worst m m p uch of th e erous sm e e reboun ople deserve cre all and resil inspired me w nsformation. d d . it a for ie coped — ncy — their pr s people’s attitu d id ‘Like a wa forward accepting what e in the way th e Residents r’ ey happene ,” said J F o r d o w ’ efforts o ntown b d service In the cit te u aid grou yce Johnson, of and moving r s o in , w e y ssm hos center, r U.S. hea p Projec fallen tr The big oads things a e family owns th an Neil Quinlth t e re retur construc gest change has Hope. and ped es and debris ar that were block n struggle ing to no e Rosvenil Hote ic e tio e been the . l, rmal aft iron fill abs. Piles of tim filled with jeep d by progress The airp n, she said. er month v n D ber and acant lots eys in uring th s of yan — a ort was a hub th c o e , r r o b r ty u u u g t p gated hout the storm to rebuildin hoon — fo U th to h g tary per .S. relief effort r Operation Da c e it w a is m th n r ry con going . In m ost po e isla survived m s in — that d onnel, 66 aircra volving 13,400 aa massiv nds — the Quin werful of mach struction mater ost streets, work on s ft and 12 inery an elivered tero fam milie e ia e c r s ls o s to n a r d flo nd th ms d supplies il vast qua through naval ve war,” he or, but the after urge on their ho y n a s neighbo rapping hamme e sound vivors of nd evacuated m tities of emerge sels r m s m r h a s a o id T th e o a . c d c h “ s lo w . o ba es nc as like a e’s or 100 mph “I rode m officials n Mayor Alfred winds an e than 21,000 su y y b ic y a have rec c R n rd a storm le d people down city stre overed 2 omualdez said surge of e to hit a lo running,” Quin town and saw lo much wo ts, although 800 ,800 bodies from oters o tero te r with a rk rema a from the shovel to recalled. “I ha ins: The re still missing h o d te k l. e e T .B p[ typhoon he police at damage ut that tim re were no arm him] away d e y .” and no SEE PA G E3
Left: Grass areas beside the runway at Tacloban’s airport are empty now. During the 2013 disaster response, those areas served as landing spots for dozens of U.S. helicopters moving emergency personnel and supplies. Right: The carpark at Tacloban’s airport, where refugees clamored for evacuation on military transport planes after last year’s typhoon, is almost back to normal eight months later. PHOTOS
BY
SETH ROBSON /Stars and Stripes
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COVER STORY
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Left: Young Filipino typhoon survivors wait for evacuation at Guiuan Airport in November 2013. Right: Victims of Typhoon Haiyan ride through the rubble in Tacloban in November 2013, nearly two weeks after the disaster struck their city. PHOTOS
BY
SETH ROBSON /Stars and Stripes
foreign area by e h t to t gh ’s ips brou l Center dical sh e m Medica ospital l a e . n s P io . ie g r R h ia ilita s Re her of Virginaid 5,000 m astern Visaya Espina, said ple swept out n inciple o E s r e e , e p p n , il a f A o b im dies s were hief, ugas L in Taclo acting c damaged. Bo neighborhood the Juliet L ntary School r district. ly g f he ere me was bad in surroundin unds, but all o rvived dere Ele back in class in ls in the city w sn’t s o u e r s g m g l o o e a o h in e o it r h f d d p c a o the s e buil t and kids e hos e still h f h ir n t t o d o e ll r in l d 2 a id a o n d s t E o a le c ff in foun PAG Almos y the storm, her sch onth to e disaster the and sta F RO M Lim said nts are doing ed b eeks af red mily a m , but overall th l was atients m, she said. g s w p a a fa g d m e u n a h L t a d e t y d te ays clea It took the stor propert ecause the ho e homes have a roof, bu e and that stu ed classes. In the d ilipino troops ris as s rom its b Jun iss b F e m , d in r n d d te o e n debris f enefited them by people who s n a p disa agne tch u mud reope m a f s b c o reign s, le h s r t y fo to a a n it f . h h o k o il r r te help e fac for m he ator C ro said despite a ra wo h t r e d t t For more photos t t te h li x e t is o injurie e in g s h in u d m it d Q e r rs, w yed, d sto ol adm aid has help booke rack, o to o t te r c h t a nd o n c s e n d o e S r of the progress . r t d k e id c n a a gov taff, blems a said had bee Tacloban is b ransport, he s l acedical s breathing pro caused by obarte , but there’s no g to repair c m being made s E t il in t c s , in ely ns Life open te publi workers are oject hers try infectio d pressure lik in Tacloban, schools adequa o for teac lo lp b e lack of of western aid chilling, of Pr f July h h t ig n h go to: tur s. nse, men S o aid. Plenty n home ult for us to re s, she s disaster respo ig help Melissa co, spent part halk to s w . e o y r t it ir s c e stripes.com/go/ h e t c h is g the re a b e said. ry diffic tive in t t in San Franc d handing out The “Durin ical teams we y really “It’s ve l situation,” sh en’t been typhoonrecovery r n y. d he e a v T m a u “ s h Hope A blackboards a arez Tent Cit , closed . n plies said foreig to our u r own houses ve tarpaulv s g s,” she and sup r r o e u a iv paintin living in the A e to 50 familie living o w v h o n r l p e u il n v s t .” s a y E to a e “ m l n m w d r W ou da ffor yet. childre which was ho idents are stil r. mented ing was washe because paired oof. We can’t a g e u r s , o a e y o r it d c e t h som ur r tent 0 busy eryt l nex t lin on o .” the 201 nth, but e schoo since ev the hospital is an remain ou to pay ls this mo ssrooms at th in Haiti after are d b , ia r y r lo a fo c te f d m a a a o o T T m n d la mand move fr rs can’t ilities in inside c ng, who worke rts in Tacloba Teache do repairs. De orer up ical fac re are plans to ilding in the d e . m id b r a Schilli , said the effo e s e to la u h e s b a t oth builder ed the cost of 13.75 a day, sh y, ake ission. T to a new t city go $ earthqu ganized. sh tire ten aiti of comm ar-old facility . cit u to n e p e y h s t a is a d h h e r in t a e clinics out $8 from th better o months later, ars after the H in the 98-y re, Espina said from ab als and health million people back tu u f “Eight , but three ye people living r a o it e 4 p n ls om Hos are a are to till tled tripe s .c ovide c e Philippines, ter, some coneth @ s bson1 r disman ke, there are s p .s n h o s ic o s rob a wh thR age, r: @Se art of th the disa earthqu e said. Twit te astern p the days after extensive dam and h e s ,” l s t a e n it it te als In online. function, desp by tent hospit ols, hosp on sight o p h to u c d d s e e u k y c in s a t m Bu were b re a com sities but they iforms a several univer . n u l o o h ts sc ols Kids in ts; the city hos and high scho ee y r tr a s t n e e th lem on erous e and num
Left: Passengers arrive at Tacloban’s airport in July. Repairs at the terminal, all but destroyed in during Typhoon Haiyan eight months ago, are almost complete. Right: Traffic clogs a downtown street. Eight months after Typhoon Haiyan, business is booming for tradesmen helping to repair storm-damaged homes and buildings. PHOTOS
BY
SETH ROBSON /Stars and Stripes
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WORLD WAR II
The USS Indianapolis is seen at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1937. Courtesy of the Naval History and Heritage Command
LOST TO HISTORY? USS Indianapolis tragedy survivor tells his tale so sinking of destroyer isn’t forgotten BY CARLOS BONGIOANNI ust past midnight July 30, 1945, two torpedoes from an enemy submarine struck the USS Indianapolis, a World War II-era Navy cruiser with almost 1,200 people aboard. The subsequent explosions obliterated the ship’s front end, and tons of water rushed in. Bulkheads crumpled under the force. The ship, tilting heavily on its right side, began to nose-dive into the Philippine Sea. It took 12 minutes for it to sink. Harrell Moments before the Indy’s tail end plunged into the water, Marine Cpl. Edgar Harrell hung onto the ship’s left-side railing. Terrified, he realized he might not survive. As a sense of “utter helplessness” came upon him, Harrell said he cried out to God for help.
CALM WATERS
“I often say, ‘There are times when you pray and there are times when you PRAY,’ ” Harrell, 89, said in a recent telephone interview about the horrors the Indy’s crew faced when the ship sunk. “I don’t know what all I promised the Lord, but I knew to whom I was speaking. …” In his recently published book, “Out of the Depths,” a first-person account that Harrell co-wrote with his son, David, he describes “an unexplainable and ineffable peace” that enveloped him as he prayed. As he walked down the ship’s keel, which had become a ramp leading into the water, “the chill of terror was replaced with the glowing warmth of divine assurance.” Nearly 300 of the Indy’s crew went down with the ship. Of the 900 who abandoned ship, only 317 would survive. Harrell would have to remind himself over the next four days not to lose hope but to cling to the conviction that God would see him through. SEE PAGE 6
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crossword A COLORFUL PUZZLE By Mason Lorry
54 Little deceptions 57 The appendix extends from it
ACROSS
59 Brief in speech
1
62 Flying nocturnal hunters
Take as a given
6 Aflame 9
Calamine lotion, e.g.
13 Seldom seen 19 Certain Arab 20 Flightless bird 21 Opera highlight 22 Up-to-date 23 Job enders 25 Delineate 26 Ate into 27 Commemorative stones 28 Have vision trouble 31 Lady in a famous garden 32 Desk accessory, once 35 Scottish Celt 36 Container cover 37 Heavy weight lifter 40 Act on, as advice 41 Oval 44 Suffix for “duck”
63 Carpenter, at times 65 Cylindrical with tapered ends 66 Physics 101 units 69 Like the frontrunner 71 Shake 73 Short poem 74 Body sacs 76 Cause to disagree 78 Elizabethan and Big Band 80 Pager sounds
106 ___ talk (pregame speech) 107 Some legal documents 110 Breezy passage 114 Rope down a mountain 116 “... in ___-horse open sleigh” 117 Chinese restaurant offering
126 “Fargo” word
Boston ___ Orchestra
89 Slangy sib
2
Neglect to include
91 “What’s the big ___?”
3
Balanced, mentally
92 Lad
4
Slight hint
93 “Friends, Romans, countrymen” character
5
Aromatic tea
6
Hawaiian souvenir
7
50 Unit for Shakespeare
99 Heron cousin
51 Himalayan mystery creature
101 Inhuman human
52 Agile deer
102 “Diamonds ___ Forever”
53 Residential car shelter
103 Stew vegetable 104 Cashew or hazel, e.g.
29 Church leader
85 Attachment to “love”
30 Hag 33 Like eggshell or bone
39 One who hasn’t turned pro?
1
97 Artistic movement?
83 Confine
123 Bus fare
87 15 million-year epoch
96 Examine diligently (with “over”)
81 Break up a team?
24 Albanian currency unit
38 Drum wizard Buddy
DOWN
95 Came upon
18 Concluded
122 Lennon’s wife
125 Midnight twinkler
77 Wife of Osiris 79 Otherwise called (Abbr.)
37 Tabby’s defense
124 Calm as can be
75 Dandy’s neck wrap
17 Narrow rock opening
121 Fortune founder Henry
82 Escape-proof gravitational field
46 Lodge members
16 Dropped off again, maybe
34 Frighteningly strange
81 Aptly named fruits
94 Sheet-music symbol
...”
120 Forever, old-style
127 Agitates
45 Popular Christmas tree 49 Determine by reasoning
LX
42 Ramble on pointlessly 43 Fierce and unmerciful 45 Guys
84 Alto woodwind 86 Leered at 88 Official class member 90 Lead singer of the Police 93 Excessively ornamented 94 Electronic display 96 Male character in French pantomime 98 South African villages
47 Sets of mathematical points
100 Restaurant worker
48 ___ over (fainted)
102 ___-ski (lodge socializing)
51 Longbow wood 53 Expert 55 Drunkards
101 Bluffs
105 Like the seafood in sushi
56 Slow creature
107 ___ State’s Nittany Lions
58 Paparazzi target, casually
108 South American empire of yore
Bart Simpson, typically
60 Home for a hog
109 “... and ___ the twain shall meet”
8
Go at it
9
Cotton unit
64 Recommend
10 Like the desert 11 French city known for its porcelain 12 Book of instructions 13 Ranker 14 Center of an apple 15 “Without further ___
61 Bioelectric swimmer 65 Poetic form of a kind 66 Drop in the ocean? 67 Have second thoughts about 68 Thing to stuff 70 Part of a razor 72 Least bouncy, as a tennis ball
111 User-edited online reference 112 Great server in tennis 113 Cravings 115 Beginning for “school” or “fix” 118 “Messenger” compound 119 “___ la la!”
Last week’s answers
LX
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WORLD WAR II Harrell, one of 36 survivors still living today, joined former shipmates at a reunion last weekend in Indianapolis commemorating the 69th anniversary of the sinking. Hundreds of second-, third- and fourth-generation family members of the crewmembers were there, sharing stories and catching up. A day doesn’t go by, Harrell said, that the memories of the sinking and days spent afloat in shark-infested waters don’t haunt him. For years, he was unable to fully talk about what happened without reliving the terror. Writing about the disaster has been cathartic and given him a new purpose. “I’m on the road telling the story. I have 17 speaking interviews coming up in six different states,” he said. “So as long as I’m still young enough to do it, I’m on the road all the time.”
A realization Harrell said he’s amazed so few people know the story of the USS Indianapolis. The U.S. military had selected the Indy for a highly classified mission from California to the Pacific island of Tinian. Only after their rescue and while convalescing at a military hospital in the Pacific did the Indy survivors learn that the top-secret cargo they delivered contained nuclear material for the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to Japan’s surrender. Invited to speak at colleges, high schools and grade schools, Harrell said he has found much ignorance among educators and students about how WWII ended and how the Indy played a vital part in that. What astounds him most is the lack of knowledge concerning the Indy’s sinking. “The largest casualty at sea in the history of the U.S. Navy was the sinking of the USS Indianapolis. Why is it not many people know about it?”
Abandoning ship Baptized by a thick layer of oil and fuel as he entered feetfirst into the watery abyss, Harrell, then 20, found himself with about 80 shipmates, many severely wounded. Their screams added to the dread on that first night. A third of
lieutenant, drifting on the swells.
An act of ‘providence’
Above: USS Indianapolis crewmembers fire their guns during World War II. Right: Survivors of the sinking are en route to a hospital following their rescue. Harrell’s group died before sunrise. The corpses became the constant companions of the living as they floated side by side. Those who didn’t die of injuries faced the onslaught of hypothermia. Harrell describes in his book how the body reacts when its core temperature drops just a few degrees. The central nervous system begins to shut down as apathy and amnesia set in and speech is inhibited. With the core temperature at 91 degrees, Harrell notes that “the kidneys stop filtering waste and the body becomes poisoned. Finally, breathing becomes difficult, the heartbeat weakens and you drift out of awareness of your surroundings.” Praying for daylight to arrive, the shivering survivors would then find themselves begging for night to fall to protect them from the relentless heat, which would reach 110 degrees. With lips blistered and cracked from the sun, the survivors faced severe dehydration. Most had no food or water. Then came the sharks. “At any given time, you could look out and see a big fin cutting through the water,” Harrell
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recalled. “It isn’t long until you see a straggler out there thrashing around in the water. Then you hear a blood-curdling scream and you look and you see that kapok jacket [go] under and then, like a fish cork, that kapok jacket brings the body back to the surface. … When it does, then it’s blood, blood, blood, shark, shark, shark … and you dare not to go and check who your buddy might have been.” The nightmare of that first day repeated itself as the survivors began to believe that no one was looking for them. Some took their lives. Others began drinking saltwater to quench their thirst, affecting body function and brain activity. With saltwater poisoning, some of the shipmates would become delirious, Harrell recalled. “And your buddy may become your enemy. … He may think that you’ve got a canteen of water hidden in your kapok life jacket.” Sometimes a shipmate would unsheathe a knife and stab the person next to him, he said. By the third day, Harrell said his group of 80 had dwindled to 17. By the fourth day, he found himself half-delirious and alone with a Navy
In his book, Harrell recounts missteps by Navy personnel who ignored distress signals sent from the Indy and who took no action when the cruiser failed to arrive at its destination. Had searchand-rescue operations been launched immediately, he believes, hundreds who died from shark attacks, dehydration or hypothermia might have been saved. Harrell calls it miraculous that any of the Indy’s crew made it out of the water alive. It was an act of “providence,” he said, that a Navy aviator, trying to stabilize an errant antenna on the rear of his aircraft, just happened to look down while flying over the area of the sinking. Seeing oil on the water and thinking it might have been from a Japanese sub, he flew lower, preparing to drop bombs. He quickly aborted that mission after spotting men in the water. A call for help went out, and rescue operations began Aug. 2, 1945. Seeing hordes of sharks attacking the survivors, a Navy aviator sent to the area to drop rafts and supplies disobeyed orders and landed his aircraft in the water. The rescue crew loaded as many survivors as they could and strapped more to the wings. They eventually picked up 56 grateful survivors, including Harrell, before nightfall. Ships arriving at the scene later that night and the next morning rounded up the rest of the survivors. In his book, Harrell recounts how the Navy made the Indy’s commanding officer, Capt. Charles McVay III, a scapegoat, while trying to cover up its own gross negligence. At a court-mar-
To view more USS Indianapolis photos and a timeline, go to: stripes.com/go/indy tial in December 1945, the Navy found McVay guilty of hazarding a ship by not taking evasive action. For years, he received hate mail from family members of those who died in the disaster. In 1968, he killed himself. For more than 50 years, the survivors fought the Navy to clear their captain’s “good name.” Then two unrelated events converged to shed a different light on the matter. In 1995, the Navy made its 1945 war documents public in the National Archives. About the same time, a sixth-grader from Florida became interested in the USS Indianapolis after watching the movie “Jaws.” A research project would lead to a five-year lobbying effort to clear McVay of his court-martial conviction. President Bill Clinton signed a congressional resolution in October 2000 that exonerated McVay.
Finding closure The long crusade to clear McVay’s name consumed the survivors, who said the way the Navy dealt with their captain and the sinking set them adrift in a lonely sea of neglect a second time. A radio broadcast reporting the Indy’s demise and loss of life came only after President Harry Truman announced Japan’s surrender on Aug. 14, 1945, nearly two weeks after the Navy began rescuing its survivors. Harrell believes the Navy tried to keep the incident under wraps to underplay any possible charges of culpable negligence. News of Japan’s surrender and the end of WWII dwarfed the news of the Indy’s sinking. Years ago, before McVay was exonerated, the Navy planned to have an admiral attend their reunion and present them with a presidential unit citation award, Harrell said. “We sent word back, ‘Don’t come. Don’t come. We’ll embarrass you. We’ll refuse it until our good captain is exonerated. …’ “We’re satisfied now that they have done all they’re going to do. ... So we aren’t a thorn in their flesh anymore.” bongioanni.carlos@stripes.com
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August 1, 2014
STARS AND STRIPES
>> EXPLORE ALASKA
Hatcher Pass and Independence Mine Historical State Park Major Mike Dryden SAR Ret.
A scenic drive for after duty hours. In this first in a series of articles about things to do on a weekend or after duty, Stars & Stripes readers will be introduced to Hatcher Pass and Independence Mine State Historical Park in the Talkeetna Mountains near Palmer. This Alaskan jewel is situated less than an hour drive from JBER and is ideal for a short trip with the family. The 49 mile seasonal road between Independence Mine and Willow is now open and is a must see before termination dust shuts the pass down for the year. This trip will take you over Hatcher Pass, which is among the highest scenic roads in the state (elevation 3,886 feet), along Willow Creek, and past Alpine lakes which are home to some of the most beautiful flora and wildlife in Alaska. Be sure to take your binoculars or sighting scopes since the mountains are steep and the valley is wide. You may see moose, caribou, sheep, black and brown bears, wolf, wolverine, coyote, beaver, fox, marten, mink, hare, Arctic ground squirrels, collared pikas, hoary marmots, and lynx in the area. The road is passable by any type of passenger motor vehicle (large Class A RVs not recommended) but don’t be in a hurry; no one else is. Just a word of caution, if you are new to mountain driving or traveling on roads without guardrails, I would highly recommend you drive from Palmer to Willow so you can hug (and you will) the inside of the mountain. The complete trip gate to gate can be done in less than 5 hours but take your time. Trust me
you will be back on base/post before dark. Take advantage of the many pullouts and trails (too many to list) along the way so you can hike, if you wish, to the headwaters of the Little Susitna River, as well as many other creeks and streams. The Palmer-Fishhook Road (mile 49.5 past Palmer on the Glenn Highway) is a nice drive that parallels the glacier fed Little Susitna River as you near the area and has several paved pullouts with some of the best photo opportunities in the state, which are sure to make your friends from the outside (for you newbie’s or cheechakos, outside is the lower contiguous 48 states) green with envy. A side trip to Independence Mine State Park (small parking fee) will provide an insight to the hard rock mining days in the Mat-Su Valley. When the mine was closed in the early fifties, the camp buildings and most of the equipment was left behind and is now on display for viewing. Visitors are allowed
to pan for gold recreationally within the park with shovels only. This day trip will cost you less than a tank of gas and will be something you will never forget so do not pass this opportunity up. A Hatcher Pass brochure from the state may be downloaded at the url below and has more detailed information about this recreational area. http://dnr.alaska.gov/parks/brochures/hatcherpassbrochure.pdf Be safe and enjoy Alaska.
Top photo: Independence Mine Middle photo: Some areas of the mine have seen better days Bottom photo: Yes, some wildlife get curious about all the visitors
August 15, 2014
9 – A1
STARS AND STRIPES
code breaker In these Code Quotes from America’s history, each letter given is a code consisting of another letter. To solve this Code Quote, you must decode the puzzle by replacing each letter with the correct one. An example is shown. A ‘clue’ is available if you need extra help. Example: G E O R G E W A S H I N G T O N Is coded as: W J A M W J G I T C X Z W F A Z
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Hint: This signer of the Declaration of Independence was a major force in the drafting of the Constitution and one of the first appointments to the Supreme Court of the United States. Last week’s answer: “Our constitution guarantees equal rights to all citizens, without discrimination on account of race or color. I have taken my oath to support that constitution.” President Calvin Coolidge
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10 – A1
STARS AND STRIPES
August 1, 2014
August 15, 2014
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CRISIS IN IRAQ
If Iraq is going to fall apart, Kurds may lead the way BY SLOBODAN LEKIC Stars and Stripes
tensions between the central government headed by Prime Minister Nouri alMaliki and the Sunni and Kurdish minorities have been on the rise, with the Kurds pressing for more autonomy and the Sunni minority feeling marginalized after dominating Iraqi
AN A T MA ION KIN G?
Ever since Sunni Islamic militants occupied much of northern and western Iraq, threatened Baghdad and proclaimed a new caliphate, the world has been grappling with the possibility that the Iraqi state might disintegrate along sectarian and ethnic lines — with Iraq’s Kurdish minority leading the way. Such a breakup would fundamentally redraw the map of the Middle East imposed by French and British imperialists after World War I. It would almost certainly result in a new nation ignored in the colonial carveup: Kurdistan. Despite strong support for independence among most Kurds, significant obstacles remain to a final break with Iraq. For that reason, many analysts argue the most realistic scenario would be greater autonomy for the Kurds, who already enjoy significant self-rule. That would mean transforming Iraq into a confederation with three constituent regions — a Kurdish state in the north, a Sunni entity in the west and center, and a Shiite region in the center and oil-rich south of the country. “It’s one thing for the Kurds to dream of (independence), another to face the cold hard realities of it,” said a senior Western diplomat in Baghdad. “It is costly being independent, your neighbors have to accept it and there has to be cohesion with the community. “None of these are given here,” said the diplomat, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the issue is so sensitive. And in an indication that Iraq’s polit-
—
IN T HE —
ical system remained alive despite the chaos unleashed by the fundamentalist Islamic State offensive, the country’s feuding political parties came together in parliament last week to elect a Kurdish politician as the country’s new president. “The ability of Iraq’s various ethnic and sectarian political actors to elect a president … despite the ongoing [Sunni militant] offensive, belies claims of the demise of the Iraqi nation,” the geopolitical intelligence firm Stratfor said in a report Thursday. “The Kurds are seeking as much autonomy as they can get and the Sunnis are in rebellion, meaning that Iraq — a federal entity on paper — will largely behave as a confederation over time,” Stratfor predicted. Since the withdrawal of the last U.S. troops from Iraq at the end of 2011,
It’s one thing for the Kurds to dream of (independence), another to face the cold hard realities of it. It is costly being independent, your neighbors have to accept it and there has to be cohesion with the community. a senior Western diplomat in Baghdad
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politics for generations. The revolt by Islamic State militants from the Sunni community and Kurdish moves to seize oil fields around the disputed city of Kirkuk following the collapse of the Shiite-dominated Iraqi army show that Baghdad no longer controls those regions. Since then, Kurdish leaders and some analysts have argued that full independence for Iraqi Kurdistan is inevitable and that what they consider righting a historical wrong would have a stabilizing effect on the region. “It’s not that the Kurds are leaving Iraq. It’s that Iraq has left the Kurds,” said Peter Galbraith, a former U.S. diplomat and one-time adviser to the Kurdish Regional Government. The Kurdish region of northern Iraq, which borders Iran, Syria and Turkey, already has its own govern-
ment, parliament and security force — the peshmerga. The region has about eight million inhabitants, approximately a quarter of Iraq’s population. It has enjoyed near total independence since Saddam Hussein withdrew his forces from the area after his defeat in the 1991 Persian Gulf War and the U.S. and its allies set up a no-fly zone over Kurdish territory. Unlike the demoralized, U.S.-trained Iraqi army that crumbled under the Islamic State onslaught, the peshmerga remained firm and quickly took up positions abandoned by the fleeing troops, including suburbs of Iraq’s second largest city, Mosul, most of which is in extremist hands. “The real point is that Iraq has already collapsed as a state,” Galbraith told Stars and Stripes. “Iraq’s army used to have 17 divisions, but only two are left now.” Galbraith said partitioning the country — into a Kurdish state in the north, a Sunni one in the west and middle and a Shiite one in the south — is the only solution that makes sense. “There are now Shiite religious parties, Sunni religious parties and Kurdish parties, and none see Iraq as their country anymore,” he said. Iraqi Kurdish leaders also have taken up the message that after the dramatic defeats of the past several weeks, the Iraqi state cannot be glued back together. “I don’t think Iraq can stay together again after [the fall of] Mosul,” Nechirvan Barzani, prime minister of the autonomous Kurdish region, said in a BBC interview. “It’s almost impossible.” Earlier this month, top Kurdish leader Massoud Barzani proposed a referendum on Kurdish independence. He also visited Ankara and held talks with Turkish leaders to discuss plans for the ballot, which most observers believe would result in an overwhelming vote for independence. Ever since the U.S. and its allies toppled Saddam in the 2003 invasion, Kurdish politicians have threatened to declare full independence. That strategy has won significant concessions from Washington and Baghdad — even though the Kurds never played the full independence card. Even Turkey, which had vehemently opposed Iraqi Kurdish independence for fear it would encourage Turkey’s own Kurdish minority, has warmed to the notion of a Kurdistan with significant autonomy if not full independence. SEE PAGE 12
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Can you:
TA R S
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Volunteers needed
Meet and greet guests, data entry, and give tours? Schedule volunteers & directors for duty each month?
Alaska Veterans Museum
Write press releases, call media organizations, and/or design ads? Coordinate with schools, Scouts, etc to arrange tours and other events?
Friday, August 1, 2014
is Yo ap ur pr he ec lp iat ed
Brief VFW’s, American Legions, AMVETS & DAV Chapters on AVM activities ? Help collect oral histories; work directly with our Veterans to document their experiences? Help by donating Military uniforms & artifacts form WWI, Korea, Vietnam & the Gulf Wars? Help raise money to continue and expand our programs, and ultimately move to a larger space?
Please call: Suellyn @ (907) 696-4904 to offer any help you can.
August 15, 2014
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For-profit college forced to sell up to 85 campuses BY TRAVIS J. TRITTEN Stars and Stripes
WASHINGTON — Servicemembers should think twice before enrolling in one of the country’s largest for-profit university chains as it faces the government-supervised sale of its campuses and charges it preyed on the military, Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., warned last week. Corinthian Colleges is being forced by the U.S. Department of Education to sell off 85 nationwide subsidiary campuses, including WyoTech college locations popular with servicemembers. Its other 12 campuses are slated to close. Durbin said the career colleges have been aggressively recruiting servicemembers and spouses who use military tuition assistance. Earlier last month, the Senate gave some support to his proposal to rein in hundreds of millions of dollars in federal funding flowing to the companies via tuition assistance. “Before signing up for class and student debt, every student should know Corinthian schools are going out of business,” Durbin said in a released statement July 21. “While my bill would bring much needed long-term reform to the for-profit college industry, it can’t prevent students from enrolling in a failed forprofit college tomorrow.” Career colleges such as those run by Corinthian are prohibited by law from getting more than 90 percent of revenue from the federal
government. But tuition payments made through the new 9/11 GI Bill, military tuition assistance, and MyCAA funding for spouses are not counted toward the legal limit on federal aid, according to Durbin’s office. The Senate version of next year’s defense spending bill, which passed committee last week, would close the loophole by requiring all military-related tuition assistance to be counted toward the federal cap. Corinthian Colleges thrust regulatory concerns into the national spotlight last year when it disclosed a probe by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission that sent stock prices tumbling. In June, the Department of Education froze federal payments to the company, citing claims of falsified job placement data as well as grades and attendance record tampering. The California attorney general is also suing Corinthian Colleges and its subsidiaries WyoTech, Everest and Heald colleges for “deceptive and false advertisements” and allegedly lying to investors about how many graduates found employment. Corinthian Colleges targeted veterans returning from combat and internal company documents described its core demographic as isolated individuals with low self-esteem, who have few people who care for them and are worried about the future, according to the attorney general. The state also claims that
Max D. Lederer Jr., Publisher Terry Leonard, Editorial Director Tina Croley, Enterprise Editor Amanda L. Trypanis, U.S. Edition Editor Michael Davidson, Revenue Director CONTACT US 529 14th Street NW, Suite 350 Washington, D.C. 20045-1301 NMLS #402135 Email: stripesweekly@stripes.com Editorial: (202) 761-0908 Advertising: (202) 761-0910 Daniel Krause, Weekly Partnership Director: krause.dan@stripes.com Additional contact information: stripes.com
federal funds “account for almost all” of the company’s annual revenue. Corinthian Colleges spokesman Kent Jenkins said it denies allegations it used predatory tactics or misleading marketing. He said about 80 percent of the company’s budget comes from the federal government, while about 7 percent of students originate from the military. “We take very strong issue with many of the things asserted in the California attorney general’s suit,” he said. “We are contesting that suit vigorously and we think the suit lacks merit.” The company signed an agreement with the Department of Education this month on relinquishing its campuses that is aimed at allowing about 72,000 students to continue schooling and complete their educations even if new owners take over, according to a copy published by the SEC. Jenkins said the plan is for all campuses at WyoTech, a college that focuses on automotive trades and attracts most of the company’s military students, and for Heald to remain open while Corinthian searches out buyers. The Everest campuses are slated to close. Instruction “has been uninterrupted and it will be uninterrupted,” Jenkins said. “All students are getting a disclosure. They understand these campuses are up for sale.” tritten.travis@stripes.com Twitter: @Travis_Tritten
This publication is a compilation of stories from Stars and Stripes, the editorially independent newspaper authorized by the Department of Defense for members of the military community. The contents of Stars and Stripes are unofficial, and are not to be considered as the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. government, including the Defense Department or the military services. The U.S. Edition of Stars and Stripes is published jointly by Stars and Stripes and this newspaper. The appearance of advertising in this publication, including inserts or supplements, does not constitute endorsement by the DOD or Stars and Stripes of the products or services advertised. Products or services advertised in this publication shall be made available for purchase, use, or patronage without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, marital status, physical handicap, political affiliation, or any other nonmerit factor of the purchaser, user, or patron.
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Veteran’s job search an ‘emotional journey’ Felicia, an Air Force wife a résumé about a military and veteran, knows a few career in language a civilian things about the tough job employer can understand. market. She and her husband, Her husband learned which Sal, have lived it. Sal retired words, though common to in 2013 after 20-plus years him, were military-speak and in a specialized and skilled not effective in a résumé or military career field. He was job interview. Instead of listready for the next adventure, ing “supervisor” as a position, but he didn’t know that advenhe was advised to say he had ture would be a job search. For been a “project manager.” a year and a half, he slogged Instead of “feedback,” he was through employment websites, advised to say “counseling” or job fairs and unresponsive “mentoring.” potential employers. And that Translating a résumé was doesn’t count the nine months similar to learning a new he spent searching while he language, and the cultural was on active duty. differences go deeper than Sal’s talents, experience and terminology. years of training had seemed a Civilian companies have good fit for a defense-industry different expectations for job. Unfortunately, his retirepotential employees. Felicia ment coincided with the budget pointed out that the military sequester. takes candidates with aptitude “I’ve seen the reports about for a particular job and develunemployment,” Felicia said. ops the necessary skills. In “But somewhere in the back the civilian of my mind I had told myself SPOUSE CALLS world, canthat these people struggling didates are to find work must be inexperiexpected to enced college students having have specific to work at Starbucks until just skills before the right gig comes along. Or they can maybe they were people who even be conjust weren’t looking in the right sidered for a places.” position. “Military At the beginning of the job members search, Felicia wasn’t conmove every cerned, even though she had Terri Barnes two to three also heard years, adapt about the dif- Join the conversation with Terri at to a new ficulty many stripes.com/go/spousecalls place, learn veterans were a new job having find— a job that ing jobs. She lives may depend on — master was confident her husband’s the job, teach someone else qualifications would make it how to do it, move to a new job easy for him to connect with and repeat,” Felicia said. the right position, but it wasn’t Sal’s story has a happy that simple. Sal attended ending and a new beginveteran career events, filled ning. Eighteen months after out endless applications, sent his retirement, he made a resumes for jobs all over. Their course change, using Troops family was willing to relocate, to Teachers, a Department of even overseas if necessary. No Defense program that trains offers came. Personal contacts military veterans to become were hard to find, and online educators. Making use of his applications felt like dead ends. fluency in Spanish, Sal found “What are human resources a position as a high school personnel looking for that language teacher. they don’t see in my husband’s Felicia, a writer, was creatrésumé?” Felicia wondered. ing a Bible study guide about “Management experience? trusting God during Sal’s job Check. Ability to train others? search. She said their experiCheck. Team player? Check.” ences provided plenty of raw After walking through this material. experience with her husband, “It was not just a job hunt,” Felicia said she has a better she said. “It was a complete understanding of why veterans emotional journey. We don’t like Sal struggle to connect separate our faith from this. with good jobs in spite of their We definitely feel that this is years of training and experiwhere he’s supposed to be,” she said. ence. One challenge is writing
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August 1, 2014
STARS AND STRIPES
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Britten & Associates
2616 Sorbus Cir Anchorage, AK 99508 (907) 440-8181 www.brittenassociates.com
5020 Fairbaks St Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 771-0103 www.autolaundrysystems.com
1040 E 5th Ave Anchorage, AK 99501 (907) 278-7665 www.alaskabilliards.com
Blind Factory
10800 Northfleet Dr Anchorage, AK 99515 (907) 344-4600 www.blindfactoryak.hdspd.com
Globelink Telecom Inc
6911 Tanaina Dr Anchorage, AK 99502 (907) 243-0118 www.globelinktel.com
JamesVelox & James 3000 C St Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 310-5785 www.jvjresearch.com
Ljc Group Limited
MH Consulting
Alaska Radiator Distributor LLC 6706 Greenwood St Unit 2 PO Box 231256 Anchorage AK 99523 (907) 562-0384 www.radiator.com
Really Creative Business Solutions
9138 Arlon St Ste A3 A3-88 Anchorage, AK 99507 (907) 646-2005 www.rcbusinesssolutions.com/index/html
August 15, 2014
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STARS AND STRIPES
Veteran Owned Businesses Windy City LLC
Orion Construction Inc
1410 Rudakof Cir Anchorage, AK 99508 (907) 222-0844 adaktu.net
4701 E Shaws Dr Wasilla, AK 99654 (907) 631-3550 orionconstructioninc.net
Historical Urban Wear
Revl Inc
PO Box 141402 Anchorage, AK 99524 (907) 351-8834 classyurbanwear.com
Denali Graphics and Frame
650 W 58th Ste J Anchorage, AK 99518 (907) 563-8302 revlinc.net/Contact.aspx
World-wide Movers Inc
Alaska Commercial Carpenting and Services 8530 Gordon Cir Anchorage, AK 99507 (907) 830-9878 www.accs1.com
135 Christensen Dr Anchorage, AK 99501 (907) 243-0668 www.computermatrixcourtreporters.com
Alaska Veteran’s Business Alliance
8150 Petersburg St Anchorage, AK 99507 (907) 349-2300 www.containerspecialtiesak.com
4141 B St Ste 203 Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 344-5505 www.akconstsurveys.com
7120 Hart St Anchorage, AK 99518 (907) 349-2581 world-widemovers.com
Mat-Su Tactial
4900 E Palmer-Wasilla Hwy Wasilla, AK 99654 (907) 357-3381 matsutactical.com/index.html
Federal Resource Solutions
PO Box 244911 Anchorage, AK 99524 (760) 473-2982 www.4frs.com
3705 Arctic Blvd #1335 Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 279-4779 www.akvba.org
M-W Drilling Inc
A-Two Septic
7920 Schoon St Anchorage, AK 99518 (907) 522-6684 www.alaskanace.com
8460 E Gold Bullion Blvd Palmer, AK 99645 (907) 841-8632 www.a2septic.com
Computer Matrix Court Reporter
Alaska Construction Surveys LLC
5001 Arctic Blvd Ste 3 Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 561-4456 denaligraphics.com
12200 Avion St Anchorage, AK 99516 (907) 345-4000 mwdrillinginc.com
Central Environmental
311 N Sitka St Anchorage AK 99501 (907) 561-0125 www.cei-alaska.com/contactus.html
Container Specialties of Alaska
Custom Truck Inc
Ace Delivery and Moving Inc
4748 Old Seward Hwy Anchorage, AK 99503 (907) 563-5490 www.customtruckak.com
Brown’s Electrical Supply
8240 Petersburg St Anchorage, AK 99507 (907) 562-2312 www.denalidrilling.com
365 Industrial Way Anchorage, AK 99501 (907) 272-2259 www.brownselectric.com
Denali Drilling
J&S Auto Repair
21065 Bill Stevens Dr Chugiak, AK 99567
(907) 688-1191 www.jsautoak.com
Lemay Engineering and Consulting
4272 Chelsea Way Anchorage, AK 99504 (907) 250-9038 www.lemayengineering.com/Contact.html
LMC Management Services
2440 E Tudor Rd 1123 Anchorage, AK 99507 (907) 242-6069 www.lmcmanagementservices.com
Lugo’s Upholstery
648 E Dowling Rd Ste 101 Anchorage AK 99518 (907) 562-5846 www.lugosupholstery.com
Microbyte Computers
PO Box 90057 Anchorage, AK 99509 (907) 382-8397 www.mbcak.com/contact
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August 1, 2014 Friday, August 1, 2014
FREELANCE WRITERS Stars & Stripes U.S. Edition – Alaska is looking for freelance writers to add a local flavor to our newspaper. Two specific areas of interest are “Veteran Spotlights”, focusing on Alaska Veterans, and “Explore Alaska” focusing on Alaska adventure. Other topics will be added as well.
If you have a desire to help tell our readers about our local Veterans, Alaska’s outdoors, and other newsworthy topics, please email SteveA@AK.net. Please include some writing samples.