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Contract management and compliance

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Finance and legal

Finance and legal

CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

AND COMPLIANCE

critical to mining operations

By Benjamin van der Veen

Managing contractors, especially in respect of health and safety issues, is a critical aspect of mining operations. Digital compliance management tools may o er a better way. In 2020 the mining sector accounted for 8.2% of the national GDP. For the mining sector to continue growing and generating an even more considerable contribution to the GDP, mine owners need to ensure that their operations are successful. The right contract management companies or tools can help increase successful business practices and ensure smoother business operations. “Mining is a dangerous business, and as such, under the Mine Safety Inspection Act 1994, the act enforces the general duty of care provisions to maintain safe and healthy conditions at mining operations to protect people at work from the dangers. “So when a mine engages contractors to perform work, e ective contractor procurement and management are essential to ensure the duties to the contractor are met,” explains Ingrid Osborne, an electronic engineer and one of the two founders of the

KwaZulu-Natal-based Saryx Engineering

Group. Osborne says: “Likewise, contractors also have a duty as workers under the Mine Safety Inspection Act 1994 to take reasonable care for their health and safety and take reasonable care that their behaviour does not a ect the health and safety of others.

“To manage this process and ensure that all parties, the employer and the contractor, are playing their part, contractor management is essential.”

A vital factor of any contract would relate to health, safety and environmental legislation, but how would compliance management tools assist with occupational health and safety (OHS) issues and other aspects of contract management?

She notes that compliance management tools – such as Saryx’s own HSEC Online – provide a digital framework that holds all the information pertaining to compliance for the company and its contractors.

With this digital bird’s-eye view of the mine, the system can start to communicate with stakeholders and highlight future potential issues that need attention. A digital tool creates situational awareness of the OHS issues that may arise and create an opportunity to mitigate these risks.

“OHS is all about engagement and awareness, and contractor management tools like HSEC Online provide e ective means of communication. Communication with all parties creates awareness and promotes action.”

MANUAL VERSUS DIGITAL

Stakeholders are constantly engaged, which creates a platform of trust and security, continues Osborne. This type of environment leads to a healthy and safe mine.

Further explaining why compliance management so ware is so vital to successful business practices, she says: “The phrase ‘regulatory compliance’ is o en accompanied by images of stacked lever-arch files, waiting in long queues, heaps of paperwork and a never-ending list of compliance requirements. Then there is the continuous monitoring of these items throughout the lifespan of the contract, for the company, every employee and every piece of equipment.”

This can be almost impossible to do, is costly and time-consuming, and the outcome is not guaranteed – as mistakes can be made and details overlooked. Digitising this process takes the risk of non-compliance out of the equation and will change the risk profile of the business.

“More and more, business is recognising that legal and regulatory compliance is one of the key strategic pillars. It can a ect your licence to operate and prevent costly incidents, but as important is that guaranteeing regulatory compliance through a digital solution speaks to the integrity, reliability and ethics of the company.”

Guaranteeing regulatory compliance “ through a digital solution speaks

“to the integrity, reliability and ethics of the company. – Osborne

Osborne suggests that to address the compliance issues facing a mine or business, it is imperative to select the correct solution, and one that fits the purpose. “The complexities of compliance, especially in the mining sector, is something that is sometimes underestimated, but it must be taken seriously. And that’s exactly the problem that these tools, such as HSEC Online, solve.”

The so ware takes the complexity out of compliance management and helps an organisation confidently achieve regulatory compliance. This enables these organisations to demonstrate to their stakeholders that they have met all the standards.

SETTING STANDARDS

Mining companies are expected to obtain two regulatory compliance certificates: the ISO 19600 and ISO 31000.

To understand the importance of these certificates, Theo von Bardeleben, MD of Titan Global Wheel, says: “ISO gives companies a standard set of guidelines and rules to manage the business. This assists customers and suppliers alike to know that the products from that company are produced to these internationally recognised standards.”

ISO 19600 is a compliance management system that helps the company with introducing and managing compliance and risk within the company, he says.

“Both ISO 19600 and ISO 31000 are closely related in that ISO 31000 is also a risk compliant quality system, but it can be used as a link between all management systems of an organisation complementing the recommendations and requirements of specific management system standards.”

He says the ISO certifications allow companies to compete globally due to certification showing that the companies’ business and products are at an international standard.

Von Bardeleben explains how a company can become ISO certified: “A company needs to have an internal quality management system to manage the business. This system needs to be aligned with the ISO standards. The company needs to conduct internal audits to ensure that these are aligned.

“Once this is done, and the company is functioning to these practices and processes, external ISO auditors are called to audit the company. If the company is compliant with the ISO standards, then the certification is awarded.”

When asked if Saryx Engineering Group’s HSEC Online so ware could help business and mine owners achieve ISO certification, Osborne says: “Yes, SEG has five certifications, and we manage this process each year through HSEC Online. For example, when implementing standards within a business to achieve ISO certifications, it’s not just about ensuring that items on a checklist have been met.

“What essentially is happening is that it is changing the culture within the business to a ect behavioural outcomes, which is then supported by documentation that can then be checked. For this to happen, compliance management so ware is essential, and the so ware should be a tool that becomes part of daily work life.

“Once this has been implemented, certifications are simply a milestone each year, just a standard check to ensure that your organisation is on the right track and they are nothing to be afraid of.” ■

THE SOUTH AFRICAN MINING SECTOR WAS A VITAL PART OF THE ECONOMY IN 2020:

■ Accounted for 8.2% of the national

GDP. ■ Employed more than 451 000 people.

Cherine Ho man.

Mining projects are o en derailed because expectations between the mining company and the contractor who has been brought on board are not properly managed upfront. Mining contractors are an important part of mining operations, o en appointed for both core and non-core services. Under such circumstances, good contract management is necessary to manage risk around areas such as workforce availability, occupational health and safety, and environmental incidents. The challenge facing mines is that too o en, proper contract management is le on the backburner, suggests Ludwig

Snyman, project commercial manager at

UMS. This is concerning, as e ective contract management ensures that both parties are aware of the risks and ensures that they become properly mitigated to the benefit of both the mine and the contractor. “Contract management is thus vitally important, because if these risks are not highlighted, they can come as a shock should they arise, creating new challenges for both parties,” he says. “The most common di iculties in managing mining-based contracts relate to the management of expectations, and around the issue of change management.

This is an industry renowned for unexpected changes in project scope, o en due to geological or hydrological reasons that could not be foreseen. So there is an obvious need to manage expectations around what may change in respect of physical conditions encountered underground.” Snyman notes that contracts must always be managed by both parties, so there is a need to ensure collaboration to resolve any challenges that arise. “It is vital to ensure someone on both sides has ‘ownership’ of the contract, as close communication is critical in the event of a problem arising. It is also worth mentioning that it is not always only about what is communicated, but also how it is communicated.”

THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

The most common di iculties in managing“ “ mining-based contracts relate to the management of expectations, and around the issue of change management. – Snyman

It is also about the timing of the communication – the earlier an issue is communicated, the better, while it is also important to track communication, especially if it is undertaken electronically, he says.

“To this end, there are certain so ware packages that can assist with contract management, especially in terms of correspondences relating to time frames for documents to be submitted and by when responses need to be provided. These tools aid the parties in key aspects such as the issuing, receiving and time-stamping of documents.”

THE LEGAL ANGLE

According to Cherine Ho man, UMS group legal counsel, some of the key areas of focus highlighted in such contracts include matters relating to project delays, damages and/or penalties, failure to meet deadlines and the costs of overrun.

“With contracts, it is all about the management of both risk and expectations. From the legal side, we highlight the schedule of terms and explain what these are. Then, in terms of the contract ownership, this is a mutual responsibility that falls on both client and contractor. Designated persons from both sides must be nominated to actively drive the process forward – and this must always be done with the project’s ultimate benefits in mind,” she says.

Proper contract management, continues Ho man, relies on regular and e ective communication between the parties to ensure there are no unexpected surprises or challenges that arise by virtue of one party not receiving notification when they should have. This, she says, is the essence of an e ective contract management process.

“This is imperative, as there is a cost impact for the contractor if delays are experienced. If delivery times are not met, there will be penalties, and good contract management is ultimately about avoiding potential curve-balls that may otherwise a ect the contract and lead to such penalties being incurred.”

Recognising the importance of a good proactive contract management approach between the mine and the contractor is invaluable in ensuring that contracts are ultimately executed e ectively, within quality, time and cost expectations, she says. “Mines and contractors alike do not want to spend valuable time and resources on post-contract litigation.” ■

SOUTH AFRICAN PGMS ON THE UP FOR NOW

Despite recent challenges like COVID-19, broadly speaking South Africa’s platinum group metals have witnessed massive gains, although these are unlikely to last.

When COVID-19 began spreading globally in February 2020, South Africa’s platinum mines started showing excellent prices for their metals. A er working through four years of slightly below-average metal prices from 2015-18, alongside tough strike action, and labour, community, electricity and regulatory hurdles,

South Africa’s platinum group metal (PGM) industry finally found itself entering a period of good PGM prices and relatively calm labour and community relations in 2019. This was even better in 2020. Their average run of mine (ROM) contained metal had witnessed its dollar/tonne value rise by 40% in 2019, from the average prices of the previous four years. In early 2020, that ROM dollar/tonne value jumped again – this time from $250/t to $350/t between January and March. Everything seemed just too good to be true, not just for SA’s PGM miners, but for their fellow

PGM miners the world over. The environment just couldn’t be better.

Or could it? COVID-19 emergency measures by the South African government shut down most of the country’s PGM miners by

April 2020, just as the basket

ROM value fell from $350 to $250 per tonne. But neither situation persisted more than a few months. By October 2020,

SA’s PGM producers were nearly back to normal production, while their ROM ore value was almost back to $350/t. But the good news wasn’t about to stop there. By late

February and early March, the

PGM ROM basket was over $500/t, hitting a high of $560/t.

PGM producers were now showing profit margins that until then had only existed in the sportswear and information technology industries, with ROM $/t value up from an average of $140/t from 2015-18. The benefits to the producers were almost incalculable. They had all pared capex way back and taken on heavy debt loads during those four lean years. Furthermore, most of them had been hedging and streaming their by-products – usually about 10% of total revenue – for many years.

Some producers had even been hedging and/or selling forward parts of their mainstay palladium and platinum production as well, just to survive. Whoever could have imagined that COVID engulfing the world would have provided such a boon to PGM producers, raising the price of their metals by multiples over their long-term averages? Palladium hitting $3 000 an ounce from its 80-year average of $550. Rhodium

hitting $30 000 an ounce from its 80-year real average of $3 100. And iridium trading at $4 000 an ounce with its long-term real average at $1 000.

THE WAY AHEAD

© Robert Tshabalala @ Financial Mail At those prices, rhodium was responsible for 55% of South Africa’s platinum industry revenue, with palladium coming second at 22%. Platinum was a distant third at 14%, with other metals making up the remaining 10%. Essentially, one could say that South Africa’s PGM mines are making 72% of their revenue from just rhodium and palladium. The start of the war between Russia and

Peter Major Ukraine has sent metal prices racing up again, although this time more for palladium than

Mergence Corporate rhodium. Solutions Director: Mining Russia produces just over 38% of the world’s newly mined palladium, translating into 23% of world demand per annum. Remember that recycling provides 3.5 million ounces of palladium annually, compared to Russia’s 2.6 million ounces. Russia produces only 8% of the world’s newly mined rhodium annually, compared to South Africa’s 83%. South Africa also produces 73% of new mine supply of platinum and 39% of newly mined palladium. So the question is – where do we go from here? A er all, Russia’s contribution to world PGM demand is not going to fade, let alone disappear. Its mines will continue to produce and their production will still find its way into world o take demand, albeit for far less in price than they would have received before being sanctioned, and now having to channel sales though avaricious middlemen who are always willing and available to help a metal trader in a bind. The PGM prices we are seeing today are, in fact, too good to last. Reversion to the mean is nearly as powerful and hard to get away from as gravity itself. © ISTOCK – edb3_16 And while PGM prices may not revert back and “settle” at their long-term averages, it beggars belief that these prices will “settle” at current levels that are exponentially greater than their 80-year averages. Even the market seems to believe this. A er all, the higher these PGM prices rise, the larger the price earnings ratio (PE) discount to “the market” the PGM producers trade at. Currently the SP 500 PE is 25, the ALSI 40 is 12.5 and all of SA’s producers are at single digits – from Impala, Tharisa and RBP on six PEs, and AMS on 8.5, to Northam and Sibanye at about 9.5. The market sees great profits and margins right now. However, these PEs suggest much lower metal prices, profits and margins, and hugely increased mining costs in around six to 12 months. Only time will tell, but expecting a third rise for the industry this year seems to be a bridge too far. ■

METALS OUTLOOK FOR 2022

Last year certainly proved to be one for the commodity markets history books. While we expected a much better year compared to the COVID-hit 2020, we did not envisage the strongest returns of the broader commodities sector in over a decade. Copper, iron ore and natural gas prices hit all-time highs; the price of aluminium surged to a 13-year high, gaining over 40% year on year; and the price of cobalt more than doubled, reaching its highest level since 2018. The main driving forces for these markets have been supply chain disruptions, production restrictions in China, the energy crisis, a stimulusled consumption boom in the United States (US) Benedikt Sobotka and depleted inventories. CEO of Eurasian Going forward, the outlook for the sector Resources Group: Metal remains constructive, with most base metals still trading above historical levels, albeit lower on average compared to 2021. The fading pandemic and the tightening US monetary policy both still have the potential to deliver economic setbacks. But persistent supply chain challenges, a changing inflation landscape and the energy transition should, overall, create a bullish environment for industrial commodities. Even more encouraging are early signs of policy easing in China, which should filter through to the real economy by mid-2022.

ALUMINIUM: SOLID GAINS STILL EXPECTED

We believe that aluminium has strong potential to outperform other London Metal Exchange base metals in 2022, having again breached the important milestone of $3 000/tonne at the start of this year. The market will remain in a sizeable deficit for the second consecutive year, with visible inventories at the lowest level since the global financial crisis.

China’s aluminium supply growth will be constrained by the country’s strict energy consumption controls and a slow ramp-up of idled smelting capacity. Moreover, the world’s accelerated decarbonisation e orts and soaring energy prices limit capacity additions outside China.

At the same time, aluminium demand is supported by China’s infrastructure investments, while the focus on renewables, rising electric vehicle (EV) production and recyclable aluminium packaging should ensure aluminium demand growth is exceeding supply growth globally. As a result, we could see the highest aluminium prices in over 30 years.

THE STAGE IS SET FOR COBALT TO CLIMB TO NEW HEIGHTS

Cobalt’s 119% price surge through the course of 2021 emanates a very loud and clear message: the market is severely short of the blue metal. Moving into 2022, there are no discernible signs of any fundamental easing, with prices remaining on an upward trajectory as consumers scurry to secure sparsely available spot units – a situation that will undoubtedly persist throughout 2022 and beyond.

While it seems obvious to us today that much of the tightness is underscored by stellar demand growth from the EV segment, just a year ago most of us would have sniggered with disbelief at the prospect of EV sales more than doubling in 2021. Yet it is now a reality, and the pace of EV adoption shows few signs of losing momentum, being supported by the global transition to a greener future. We firmly believe that future EV sales will continue to exceed analysts’ expectations, driven by governments’ ambitious adoption goals and manufacturers’ aggressive sales targets. Based on these announcements alone, we believe that EV sales’ market penetration should exceed 50% by 2030, which is in stark contrast to most analysts’ currently conservative forecasts of around 30%. Perhaps an even more powerful force for change will be consumers’ booming receptiveness to EVs, incentivised by their performance benefits, lower running costs, improving range, strong environmental credentials, and – perhaps most importantly – falling prices relative to their petrol and diesel counterparts.

Yet the cobalt market will not rely solely on the EV sector for strong demand growth in 2022 and beyond. The use of cobalt-bearing lithium-ion batteries is burgeoning across a spectrum of end-use sectors, from mobile electronics to e-mobility and battery energy storage systems.

Even demand from traditional cobalt metal end-use sectors, which account for around a quarter of overall consumption, looks set to undergo a boom this year, spurred by the recovery of the aerospace sector. The International Air Transport Association forecasts that global air travel demand will grow by 52.5% year on year in 2022, while industry heavyweights Boeing and Airbus have announced ambitious production targets for this year. Meanwhile cobalt supply is increasingly unable to keep pace with demand. The underlying reason behind this is straightforward: as gigafactories pop up at record speeds (BMI predicts that global battery production capacity will quadruple between 2020 and 2025), developing industrial-scale mines still takes 10 to 15 years on average.

Importantly, downside risks surround the timely commissioning and ramping up of many existing projects, in view of global shortages of mining equipment and the adoption of the historically troublesome high-pressure acid leach technology at numerous mine projects in Indonesia.

Furthermore, the responsiveness of artisanal cobalt supply to elevated prices has been reduced by consumers’ growing scrutiny of the cobalt supply chain, facilitated by new tracing solutions. These include the Battery Passport and REiSource, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo government’s e orts to introduce stronger controls to the sector.

Finally, the movement and availability of cobalt raw materials continue to experience logistical disruptions, which are likely to persist throughout the year. ■

© ISTOCK – zhaojiankang

NEW LIFE OF MINE

FOR UKUFISA

The opening of Bekezela Colliery, adjacent to Ukufisa, will produce coal that will assist in the fight against load shedding.

When Ukufisa, an opencast coal mine that uses conventional truck and shovel mining methods, reached the end of its life, the Menar Group switched to mining clay at the site, at the end of 2018. However the company has announced that the Bekezela Colliery, situated adjacent to Ukufisa, will open, thereby increasing the life of mine of Ukufisa.

According to Gerhard Cronje, Menar’s head of projects, Bekezela will be an opencast mine producing 600 000t/m of coal at steady-state production with a life of mine of about 20 years.

Of course, anyone who has paid attention to the recent 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) will know that the decisions taken there around coal could potentially impact this project.

“At COP26, nations adopted a Glasgow Climate Pact that commits the 2020s to be a decade where carbon emissions are drastically reduced. COP26 asserted that if we are to battle climate change, all countries must be willing to make an e ort to reduce emissions, even if doing so may pose economic hardship.

“From SA’s point of view, it has 16 coal-fired power stations that account for 75% of the country’s electricity generation. Destabilising coal usage will result in power outages that have the potential to cripple our economy and worsen our current conditions.

“The anti-coal rhetoric is already a ecting investment in the coal sector as all major banks have taken a negative view of coal. I believe we have to learn from the recent stages of load shedding that most economic activities are halted when there is no electricity, and this negatively a ects the performance of our economy.”

In other words, he says, the country cannot a ord to radically transition to renewables, as this would cause profound challenges for the country. South Africa accounts for less than 1% of greenhouse gas emissions, and Cronje feels the country’s responsibility to combat climate change must be proportional to its contribution to the problem. to phase out fossil fuels.”

He says the company is committed to building new coal mines in a sustainable manner that will create new job and business opportunities for mine-hosting communities, along with associated benefits such as community development projects through social licensing plans and bursaries, internships and learnerships.

“In fact, the new Bekezela Colliery will create about 320 direct job opportunities for local community members,” says Cronje.

“The new mine will be a single-pit opencast coal mine that will require a variety of newly built supporting infrastructure. None of the facilities from Ukufisa will be shared or repurposed. The investment value of the Bekezela Colliery will be about R1.5-billion.”

The new infrastructure will feature a brand new beneficiation plant, capable of processing the thermal run-of-mine coal into saleable products on-site. Bekezela can supply reasonably priced coal to domestic users, he continues, adding that chief among these is state-owned power utility Eskom.

“Power supply infrastructure, fuel storage, haul roads, workshops, o ices and ablution facilities will also be constructed on the surface. Moreover, nine new 90-tonne excavators will be bought for the mine, as well as 27 new 60-tonne articulated dump trucks.

“Six dozers, two graders and three water bowsers will also be added to the fleet, while environmental concerns will be dealt with by the construction of two pollution-control dams for the containment of dirty water. In addition to the dams, clean water storage facilities will also be built at Bekezela, along with a sewage treatment plant,” says Cronje. ■

Destabilising coal usage “ will result in power outages that have the potential to cripple our economy and worsen our current conditions. “ – Cronje

RESPONSIBLE USE

“What South Africa needs to do is to commit to mining and using coal responsibly and investing in developing green coal technologies that will allow us to burn coal in a much cleaner way. Abandoning coal is not our priority as we have an economic crisis to deal with,” he says.

“We need to generate jobs for our restless youth, alleviate poverty, expand opportunities for our population, and build an inclusive economy. For these reasons, we believe it is socially just for us to prioritise economic development amid genuine calls

UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA

USES SIMCENTER TO HELP MINES REDUCE NOISE LEVELS

The University of Pretoria selected Simcenter, part of Xcelerator, a comprehensive and integrated portfolio of software and services from Siemens Digital Industries Software, to lower all mining equipment noise levels to help reduce hearing loss in mine workers.

The Simcenter Sound Camera system offers an instant overview of sound sources on any noise-generating object. It combines hardware and software to efficiently localise and quantify sound sources for all types of sound fields.

The university achieved tangible results through the use of Simcenter, enabling it to reduce testing and measuring to 10 minutes instead of days, identify machines/equipment exceeding 110 decibels, and provide more precise measurements and helpful insights into sound sources. Gates, a leading global provider of applicationspecific fluid power and power transmission solutions, has further expanded its PRO™ Series hydraulic hose portfolio with the launch of the new ProV™ product line.

The Gates PRO Series line of professional-grade hydraulic hoses is designed to offer performance specifically tailored to hydraulic applications across multiple end-markets. These end-markets include sectors such as agriculture, construction, mining, injection moulding, general industrial manufacturing equipment and many others.

Leveraging Gates’ deep application knowledge, materials science expertise and process engineering capabilities, the full line of PRO Series products delivers the performance, reliability and design flexibility to meet the wide range of demands seen in today’s hydraulic systems.

“Gates offers hydraulic hose and coupling solutions that blend market leading performance, durability and value to all modern hydraulic applications,” said Tom Pitstick, CMO and senior vice president of strategic planning for Gates.

GATES EXPANDS PRO SERIES PRODUCT LINE WITH LAUNCH OF PROV HYDRAULIC HOSES

THE ADVANTAGES OF SMART SATELLITE CONNECTIVITY

Mining generally takes place in remote and inhospitable areas. It is for this reason that satellite connectivity and communication remain high on the radar for local mining operations. Mining is one of the most critical pillars of the South African economy, and while it continues to contribute significantly to GDP and job creation, it is an industry that faces unique challenges. Many of these are due to the remote locations in which mining operations typically take place – far beyond the reach of conventional communications technologies such as fibre, LTE or 4G/5G. Despite this, the operational demands of mining, and the pressure on profit margins, means that alongside continuous rotating shi s, being in constant contact with suppliers, service providers and senior management is an essential aspect of modern mining. This is particularly true with bulk ore mining, where vast quantities of material need to be moved according to a strict timetable. Without communications functionality, this scheduling would soon break down, leading to confusion and costly delays. A further factor related to the remoteness of mining operations is that repairs to mission-critical equipment cannot be carried out easily. This places an onus on the reliability of the technology used, including of course its links to the outside world. There is a clear requirement for an availableanywhere, always-on and highly reliable connectivity solution with zero or near-zero downtime.

“We were delighted to be contacted by a major opencast iron ore mine in South Africa’s Northern Cape province. They were looking for an e ective alternative to their existing, very limited telecoms infrastructure,” says Dawie de Wet, group CEO at Q-KON, the leading satellite engineering enterprise behind Twoobii Smart Satellite Services. “Their need for a very reliable communications link led to them contacting Twoobii in search of a solution.”

Just as their requirement was clear, so too was the answer, he notes. Twoobii implemented a custom-designed 1+1 highavailability solution that consisted of dual satellite terminals (primary and secondary circuits), each o ering 99.95% uptime in an automatic failover configuration.

In the absence of mains power, a hybrid solar and generator solution was engineered to provide a cost-e ective way to ensure near 100% uptime. In order to service all the operational locations within the mine complex, additional wireless links were included in the installation.

The impact in terms of business e iciencies was immediate and profound, as André Slabbert, general manager of the opencast iron ore mine, explains: “Our business su ered by not having communications at the mine, but since we have had the high-availability Twoobii satellite solution installed, we are now in constant contact with our employees, and our business processes are running in a semiautomated fashion.” ■

TO ADVERTISE IN www.samining.co.za SAMIN NG MIN NG

READ WHAT REALLY GOES DOWN IN SADC

CONTACT

ADVERTISING Ilonka Moolman 011 280 3120 moolmani@samining.co.za

Tshepo Monyamane 011 280 3110 tshepom@samining.co.za

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

AECI Mining Explosives ........................................................ OFC, 8-10 Air Liquide Industries ......................................................................... 53 Auto X ................................................................................................. 35 BLC Plant Company ........................................................................ IBC Brelko Conveyor Products ................................................................. 56 CSI Jericho ......................................................................................... 43 ENSafrica ......................................................................... IFC, Gatefold Fuchs Lubricants ............................................................................... 52 Hikvision South Africa.......................................................................... 5 Hydac Technology ............................................................................. 27 Invincible Valves................................................................................. 11 JH Fletcher & Co ................................................................................ 15 Kaltire ................................................................................................... 7 Keller .................................................................................................... 3 LEX Africa .......................................................................................... 19 Manitou Southern Africa .................................................................... 49 MENAR ............................................................................................... 21 NSDV .................................................................................................. 26 Peta Attorneys ................................................................................... 13 Shell Coolant and AdBlue .................................................................. 25 Tega Industries ............................................................................... OBC Twoobii ............................................................................................... 55 Vendel Equipment Sales .................................................................... 41 Vermeer Equipment Suppliers ........................................................... 37 UMS .................................................................................................... 47

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