Feasibility study for the reconstruction of the Neuzeckenstein ARCT1063 Design Realisation Year 4, Architecture and Landscape School of Greenwich University Unit 15 - Nic Clear, Mike Aling, Simon Withers
Sunny Tian Qin
Neuzeckenstein
The name of our building is Neuzeckenstein, it is located in Canvey Island. This feasibility study focus on the the bulding in different aspects.
Three period in the document
2314
2214
2314 is the year this document is written. The building is being prepared to be reconstructed and repaired. Most of the section one -- the building context talks about situation today; Most of the section two -- building delivery is about how this renovation project is delivered. In section four, when dealing with the environmental strategy, we refer to the strategy for this renovation project today.
2214 is the year when the building was original constructed. Majority of the documents talks about subjects in this period of time: the majority of section three -- the construction methodology, section one -- the building context and history, most of section four -- the building performance.
Contents 00 Introduction.............................................................02 01 Building Context.....................................................03 02 Building Delivery.....................................................15 03 Building Construction.............................................25 04 Building Performance.............................................40
2014
The first 50 year of 21 century is an important historical period this documents keep referring back to. It is the period in the history which majority of the building technology we use today got invented and tested. The examples in this section serve as classical presidents.
Appendix.......................................................................51 Bibliography..................................................................71
Legend
We are Neuzeckenstein Society, an organization dedicated to the legacy of Duke Zecke and his building Neuzeckenstein
Reference -- label for any data now-2314
Reference -- label for any historical reference mentioned in this documents around the year 2214
Reference -- label for any historical reference mentioned in this documents around the year 2014
Neuzeckenstein Society
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Background of this document Today, in 2314, there are thirty trillion people, scattered fairly evenly through the galaxy - it is thinly spread, exists for now solely in this one galaxy, and has only been around for an eyeblink, compared to the life of the universe. Among the vast galaxy, people lives on a few handfuls of what are regarded as ‘home’ planets, and a few hundred more that were colonized (sometimes after terra forming) . Some lives on ships, rocks(hollowed-out asteroids and planetoids)and orbitals. Not many people lives on Earth(the origin of mankind, AI and other species). As it is heavily protected, it is almost an archaeology planet, people(human, AI and other intellectuals) come here for research and learning purpose only. The building -- Neuzeckenstein which is the subject of this document, sited on the city of Canvey Island. Canvey island today is also an important archaeology site - a living museum full of listed building. Neuzeckenstein is one of the listed building, and it has been left unoccupied for a long time since the death of its previous owner -- Duke Zecke. Zecke built his pleasure house in 2214 after been given the site -- the original Canvey casino site(flooded) as a reward for his constant contribution to the city. The building was an on going, never ending construction project. On the day of Zecke’s death 43 years ago 2271, parts of the building were still under construction while the rest of the building was in use. The construction stopped immediately after his death. And the building has been left empty till today. The purpose of this document Today, As Neuzeckenstein Society, its our job to save our history - to save our building. We propose to repair and renovate Neuzeckenstein. The building should also serve as a museum, open to public. The purpose of this document is to show the result of our study about the old Neuzeckenstein, that includes: understanding the context of the building, the history of the building, detail investigation into the construction methods for the old Neuzeckenstein etc. 1.
Apart from understanding the old building, we also need to develop an structural and environmental strategy for the new building- the museum, so that it will perform to the required museum standard. We also looked at how this renovation project should be delivered - the relationship between members involving in this project.
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Images on the left: 1. A star forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud 2. Bryan Vwesteeg’s Vision of an Orbital 3. An artist’s conception of a terra formed Mars 4. An artist’s conception of Phoenix-class colony ship 5. Earth
See appendix 5.5 - 5.9
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Building Context
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1.1 Neuzeckenstein and other listed buildings on Canvey Island
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The Whale Garden
The Golden fish mountain
The Red cliff
The Central park
Neuzeckenstein
The Orbital
Originally built in 2150 after the flood, the Whale garden was once popular with the doctors and patients from the nearby sex transformation clinic.
Originally built in 2205, the Golden fish mountain is a post-human fish wonderland where people still come today to invent and grow their own fish species by manipulating fish DNA
Originally built in 2211, the Red cliff is still the biggest shopping center in Canvey island.
Originally built in 2152, the Central park is the earliest holiday resort after the flood, it has been turned into several long-tern rental villas.
Originally built in 2214, the Neuzeckenstein was once the weekend house for the Canvey celebrity Zecke. It is now under the renovation to preserve and transform it into a museum.
Originally built in 2210, the Orbital is the last remaining shop selling traditional space traveling equipment
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1.2 The change of Canvey Island over time 2113 Before Canvey island was flooded on 2114, Canvey is consequently protected by modern sea defences comprising 3.2 km of concrete sea walls. Within the wall is land, outside the wall is sea. 2214 After Canvey island was flooded, most of the old buildings was embedded under the water, an ‘inner lake’ was created. However it is important to realize the depth of ‘inner lake’ is very shallow(3-9m depending on the tidal level). Within this few hundreds of years, there have been a lot of new buildings constructed and been used. 2314 From 2514 till now, the landscape of the island has not changed too much. Further construction took place and the older buildings from early 26th century have fallen into ruin. It is important for them to be protected and repaired where necessary.
See appendix 5.1 - 5.4
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1.3 Access to the site Access In the late 21 century the whole Canvey island was flooded. Most of the buildings and infrastructures are left abandoned since then. New buildings have been built on top, however no one tried to build any other transport facilities apart from boat docks. Canvey island is therefore only accessible by boat or air. Boat links The current state of most of the flooded building is that: they are covered under the surface of the water most of the time, only some buildings are partially exposed above the water surface during the low tide. Therefore, it is important the boat are strictly follow the boat route to avoid accident. There are both public and private boats exist on the island. There are water bus and water taxi as public transport. The image on the left shows the water bus route around the site.
Museum dock/ticket office Water bus stop
Museum dock/ticket office For the proposed museum, there will be a new dock for the museum, where the visitors gather and then taken on a tour by the guide. The visitors will take the museum boat through the locks into the garden. They can then get off the boat and visit the museum on foot.
Water bus route
The method of getting to the site after the big flood in the late 21 century is showed on the left -- take the train to Benfleet station , and take either public boat or private boat to the site.
See appendix 5.1 - 5.4
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1.4 Historical buildings around the site Flooded historical building After the big flood in 2114, most of the building built before that date was covered by sea water. They are soon been abandoned and left to decaying under the water. However, many of these buildings have great historical value. Therefore, boundaries have been set up to indicate they are preservation area(indicated on the left) Old buildings after flood under conservation management Buildings built after the big flood 2114 have also turned old within this century. Boundaries of conservation have been set up to protect these buildings. Around Neuzeckenstein, there are buildings in the same state as Neuzeckenstein -- they are under conservation or in the process of being restored.
Conservation area Flooded historical building
See appendix 5.1 - 5.4
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built in 2118
built in 2123
built in 2222
built in 2122
1.5 The forever Canvey wall built in 2134
built in 2166
built in 2234 built in 2300
History of the Canvey wall The extensive sea wall, completed in 1982, is 15 miles (24 km) long and surrounds 75% of the island’s perimeter terminating with flood barriers spanning Benfleet Creek to the north and East Haven Creek in the west. Canvey wall today After Canvey island was flooded, the Canvey was only embedded under the water during the high tide and exposed during low tide. Because the historical importance of the wall, it is developed into a very important landscape feature -- it is turned into a walk way. That is the reason why all the new buildings built after the flood sit along the walk way -- the Canvey wall is the only foot path on the island which links all the buildings.
built in 2122
built in 2232
built in 2278
built in 2302 See appendix 5.1 - 5.4
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1.6 The program of original Neuzeckenstein A weekend retreat - a palace for party The old Neuzeckenstein was designed as a weekend house for Zecke and his friends. As Zecke is a post-human body part fashion designer1, the most important function of the building is related to the “body part design” -- showing off/ making/ gambling/ learning post-human body parts. Live There is a large part of the building dedicated to Zecke’s living only -- his living room, bed room, reading room etc. There are also bed rooms for the guests. Work Zecke also use this building as his studio for making the body parts, leaning and experimenting the art of the body parts design. Play Most importantly, the building is designed for Zecke to show off -- it is designed in a way that it does not only provide a number of spaces specifically for ‘showing off’ his design, but even the tectonic language of the building is a celebration of the post-human body design.2
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Body part gambling Gambling in the time before the post-human age is a way of showing off your wealth. The purpose for Zecke to have casino in the building is for the same reason -- show off his talent. The basic principle of the post-human gambling is that -- if you lose the gambling, you ‘lose face’ literally
Live play and work 1-3: See appendix 5.6
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1.7 The history of the casino site Neuzeckenstein is built on the old Canvey casino and fairground site.
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Anyone who has visited Canvey up before the big flood would remember passing or even visiting The Casino. Its seaside location and abundance of slot machines and fairground rides was a must for every child and even a lot of adults to visit. The casino has always been the most important place for the Canvey citizens to meet up. It acts as the central hub for the whole island. Before it been turned into Zecke’s house, it has always been open to public. The idea behind the current development of turning the abandoned house into a public museum is also a democratic one -- to bring back the original social sense of the casino.
Zecke moved into Neuzeckenstein
1932
1935
1948
1982
2010
2102
2160
Zecke’s deth
2214
NOW
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1.8 The spatial organization of the old Neuzeckenstein Showing off in the building The building is designed in a way that leads the visitor through a journey of Zecke’s fascination of body part fashion design. The visitors arrive at the entrance, walk under the bridge into the court yard, then enter the gallery where Zecke’s most famous collection are held, the gallery leads up to the throne room, which is the focus of the whole building - the main stage for Zecke to show off. The madness/fun in the building To entertain the guest at the same time showing off Zecke’s body part making skill, casino was built at the north end of the building. The casino facade(where all the body parts are preserved) act as the face of the building -- a statement to the public about how crazy Nezeckenstein is. Living and working Beside entertaining the guest, Zecke also live and work in this building. There are bedroom, living room, private chamber etc. Provided for his private life. There are also guest rooms provided for the guests to stay over night.
1. Casino 2. Bridge 3. Guest Rooms 4. Salon 5. Gallery 6. Master Rooms 7. Throne Rooms 8. Private Chamber 9. Kitchen
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1.6 Strategy for the reconstruction of the existing building Two types of work on site For the reconstruction work of Nezeckenstein, there are two types of work carried out on site. Firstly, there are certain parts of the building need to be redesigned, the new elements will be very different to the original building such as the new roof structure, the insulation on the wall, disable access, the information facilities etc. It is important that the new elements give minor damage to the original building and preferably easy to be moved. Secondly, there needs to be a on-going repairing/maintenance work on site. I.e. repairing the roof, the wall, the surface of the floor etc. The diagram on the left shows the hierarchy of different types of treatments to the original building.
Majority parts need to be repaired/reconstructed (i.e. the roof, the wall) Additions to the original building (i.e. insulation on the wall and roof) Minor repair required (i.e. the surface of the floor) Special access additional to the original building Information facilities additional to the original building
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1.8 The formal garden The Neuzeckenstein is essentially an island. Like many of the royal houses, the garden of Neuzeckenstein is an essential part of the building. Zecke is a big fan of jardin à la française(French formal garden), therefore, in his garden you can see many features of a french formal garden:
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• A geometric plan • A terrace overlooking the garden, allowing the visitor to see all at once the entire graden • All vegetation is constrained and directed, to demonstrate the mastery of man over nature. • The residence serves as the central point of the garden, and its central ornament. No trees are planted close to the house; rather, the house is set apart by low parterres and trimmed bushes. • A central axis, or perspective, perpendicular to the facade of the house, on the side opposite the front entrance. • The most elaborate parterres, or planting beds, in the shape of squares, ovals, circles or scrolls, are placed in a regular and geometric order close to the house, to complement the architecture and to be seen from above from the reception rooms of the house. • Bodies of water serve as mirrors, doubling the size of the house or the trees. • The garden is animated with pieces of sculpture.
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1.9 Urban drainage
rain
Rain water drainage All the rain water is drained directly into the garden lake or the garden. rain water drained into garden lake
Garden lake and sea water outside Apart from the access lock, there are other device within the wall that controls the in/out of the sea water. The water in the garden lake get discharged and refilled regularly.
sea water in/out
Discharge of the waste water All the waste water is drained directly into the system of water purification, after the water get purified, it is then discharged into the sea.
water purification
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sea water in/out
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Building Delivery
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2.1 Client - The Neuzeckenstein society The history of the society Towards the later period of Zecke’s life, realising the importance of his heritage after his death, the Neuzeckenstein society was set up to ensure his legacy lived on. Upon his death in 2214, Zecke left the house, most of his art and a big portion of his assets to the Neuzeckenstein Society. The aim of the society The aim of the society is to preserve the house and its grounds for the benefit of the public in perpetuity. In accordance with his wishes, the house is kept as a living house, with gallery that regularly visited, casino regularly used and bedrooms that regularly accommodate special guests at weddings, conferences and banquets. In the last thirty years over 2 million people have visited the house.
The Neuzeckenstein Society coat of arms granted in 2514 to mark the 25th anniversary of the Foundation.
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Registered Charity No. 2682354
Neuzeckenstein Society
Neuzeckenstein Society is a member of the Treasure Houses of England
See appendix 5.10, 5.12
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Hosue
Garden
2.2 Programme of the new Neuzeckenstein
House Explore the historic house, discover fascinating stories and enjoy one of Europe’s most significant art collections. Garden Discover the garden with its water features, sculpture, beautiful flowers and magnificent views. Casino Experience how Zecke and his friends gambled with their body parts, you can also sign up to join the game. Gallery Explore the master collection of Zecke’s work at the place where these work was originally created.
Body parts casino
Gallery
Stay with us To make the most of your time with us, stay in one of our guest rooms in the building or the hotel next to the building. Shop & eat Browse our interiors, gardening, gift and pantry shop.
Stay with us
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1.7 Building Circulation
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The sequence of visiting
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The circulation for the visitors are designed based on the sequence of the spaces they need to visit. There will be information boards in the building to guide the visitors following the route. The visiting route is designed so that the visitors can experience as if they are not only the guest but also Zecke himself back in 100 years time. The guest bedroom on the first floor will be turned into a stuff office. The stuff will use the dock to the east as their entrance.
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1. Entrance steps
2. Court yard
3. Throne room
6. Casino
5. Salon
4. Garden
7. Antechamber
8. Private chamer
9. Mater living room
11.Guest bed room
10.Maer bed room
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12.Stuff Entrance
13.Stuff office
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2.3 Building economics Currency in post-human age The idea of ‘money’ have been abandoned for almost 3 centuries, while the idea of currency exist in different forms. For instance when the Neuzeckenstein society decide to use the resource from CNS, it doesn’t pay CNS money, but instead ‘owe it a favour’
CNS(Central nervous system)
Neuzeckenstein society
Visitors
3 sources of income The client - Neuzeckenstein society has 3 sources of income : CNS provide it with the design team and the construction team, the wealth Zecke left, future visitors’ contribution. What does Neuzeckenstein Society gives back For CNS, the success of this project is a success in historical building protection and one more attraction in Canvey island; For Zecke, although he is dead, his legacy will be know by more and more people(as he wished); For the visitors, it is obvious that they will find the new building educational and entertaining.
Zecke
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2.4 Architect: role and responsibilities CNS’s architects All architect agents belong to CNS. CNS is the sum of all the resource. Every components of the exchange is included in this system -- that means every ‘employee’ is at the same time the ‘employer’ to some one else within CNS. Therefore, although the Neuzeckenstein Society is the client to the Architect agent X in the case of this project, Neuzeckenstein society is also part of this system. That means although the architect agent is ‘hired’ by the Neuzeckenstein society, it is essentially ‘hired’ by the CNS. A tailored architect choice Through out the history, clients pick their architects based only on their qualification, fee and works. It is hard to find out wether the collaboration will work before both sides signed the contract. If the two sides don’t get along,it could be very difficult to make a change. CNS(Central nervous system)
Neuzeckenstein society
The new system between client and architect was developed in the 22 century, the system give the client a much boarder range of choices about the quality of the architect. For instance, you can use different filters in this process such as ‘personality’, ‘taste’, ‘accent’, ‘age’, ‘emotional state’, etc. In the end, the client will find the ‘perfect’ architect tailored to him. Architect agents - the representative of CNS The architect agent is a representative of CNS, any decision made by architect agent is a decision made by CNS. Therefore any negotiation between client and architect is also between client and CNS.
Architect agent (A.I.)
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2.5 Consultants: role and responsibilities Hierarchy in the system There are 3 types of elements in the system: architect agent sits on top, consultant processor in the middle, data base(calculator) at the bottom. The core value of an architect has always been the leader/collaborator of the clients, contractors and engineers. He/she needs to have the ability to balance the need/requirements from different perspectives. He then needs to use his understanding in these different fields to make a decision and at the same time be responsible for it.
Structural design caculator
In the early 21 century, people use to believe this role can be replaced by a series of clever agorism(script), therefore the architects can be replaced by nonconscious machines. It has been proven wrong. The reason is as simple as discussed above -- the core value of an architect is not only his ability to process(finding problems, solving problems), but also to lead, to take risk(qualities only belong to conscious being -- human, A.I.).
Architectural design processor Enviromental design caculator
Responsibilities for Architect agent(A.I.) - Conscious being •Balance/judge the different options from different perspective •Put together the best set of solution •Make a decision - take risk - be responsible
Architect agent (A.I.)
Job for Consultant processor( Intelligent Machine) - non- conscious being •Recognize a problem •Analyze the problem •Learning all the relevant knowledge •Calculate all the possible solution
Structural design caculator Historical Building Architectural design processor
Data base(computer) - non- conscious being •The knowledge tank
Enviromental design caculator Turing test result
Purely a calculator, nonconscious (=computer) Able to think creatively, able to work out solution, not able to make decision, not responsible, nonconscious (=part 1) Able to make decision, be responsible (=human/A.I.)
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2.6 Professional team diagram Two types work There are two types of work on site. Firstly, the construction of the new elements in the building such as the roof, the new walls, the tickets office etc. Secondly, repairing and maintenance of the original parts of the building.
Structural design caculator Architectural design processor
Construction command quarter
Enviromental design caculator
Construction team Architect agent (A.I.)
Main contractor agent (A.I.)
Structural design caculator Historical Building Architectural design processor
Building repair/maintainence command quarter
Enviromental design caculator Building repair/ maintainence team
New construction work The time span of both the designing and the construction for the new elements is relatively shorter than the repairing work. Therefore, the selection of the design approach and the construction approach are different from the repairing job. The design will be minimal and stand out against the original( so that the difference between the original and the new will be obvious). The construction scale will be relatively larger and fast. Repairing and maintenance The repairing and maintenance job is a on-going work. The goal is to make the broken part of the original building fixed and looking as if it is original. The scale of the construction is from small to medium size. From simple cleaning, painting jobs to fixing the structure etc.
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2.7 Planning and statutory consideration
5.
The common goal As discussed in 2.4, in post-human time, we live in a society without scarcity. Therefore, essentially there will be no conflict between the individual and the collective group. It means whatever activities are truly beneficial to the individual(Neuzeckenstein society) is also beneficial to the society. Or, whatever is truly hurtful to the collective(CNS) is also bad for the individual.
1.
4. CNS(Central nervous system)
Neuzeckenstein society
3.
2.
Main contractor agent (A.I.)
The 5 stages 1. Neuzeckenstein society request for using the resource 2. CNS appoint appropriate amount of calculating power for this job( including providing an architect agent for this job) 3. Architect agent provide final options for the client to choose.( All the options are essentially approved by the CNS) 4. Client decide on the option, send back to CNS 5. CNS send the job to a main contractor, the construction starts.
Arhitect agent (A.I.)
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2.8 Contractual relations CNS and the other As discussed above both in 2.4 and 2.7, the CNS is the sum of all the resource. Therefore any value-related relationship can be seen as an internal relationship. It means there will only be gain for both sides or lost for both sides. No contract Therefore, the traditional idea of ‘contract’ is abandoned. The ‘trust’ is built upon the fact that both side of the team ( the client and the architect) knows they can either do the job good and both gain, or fail the job and both lose.
Arhitect agent (A.I.)
CNS(Central nervous system)
Neuzeckenstein society
Dealing with failure within the system The reason for having a contract in the history is that, if things fail, the member who made the mistake will be responsible for the lost -- so that the interest of the rest of the team can be protected. The failure also occurs in today society. However, it will be pointless to blame on whoever makes the mistake, because any lose of interest to the project is the lost to everyone. These mistakes are therefore seen as ‘unfortunate’.
Main contractor agent (A.I.)
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Building Construction
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3.1 Building elements
1. The wall: there is a 6m water level difference due to the tide. In Oder to keep the building assessable all the time, the building is built inside a ‘tank’, and there are 3 locks for accessing into/out of the building. The wall is also used as a rechargeable ‘battery’ to generate energy by the using of tide. 2. Water tray: a sealed ‘tray’ to contain the body of internal water. 3. The body of internal water: the body of internal water being regularly refreshed and re desalinated. The water is then good enough for gardening. 4. The perfect garden: the garden leading the visitors to the building from the locks. 5. The main structure: refer to 3.6. 6. The building: refer to later 3.8
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3.2 Eight Stages of construction
In order to repair and renovate the old Neuzeckenstein, it is important to understand the construction process at Zecker’s time. The process include 8 stages: getting requirements data from the ‘client’, prevasualization of the finished building, ground work, building the ‘tank’, building the main structure, building the secondary structure, printing the surface and furniture and reflooding the site. 5.
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1. Getting requirements data from the ‘client’ 2. Prevasualization of the finished building 3. Ground work 4. Building the ‘tank’ 5. Building the main structure
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6. Building the secondary structure
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7. Printing the surface and furniture 8. Reflooding the site
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3.3 Neural imaging interface The first stage of the construction is to generate appropriate information enabling contractors for construction. Neuzeckenstein is a pioneer project in its time for using the neural imaging interface technology. The drawing on the left is a simplified illustration of how the system works: As the sensing technology developing, post-human thoughts were first been able to translated into digital data. These data were then injected into a agrisum(script), design options(to a constructible level) were generated instantaneously. Out of all the possible options, the client(Zecker) pick his favorite option, and all the construction information of that option is then sent to the contractor robots.
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1.the first piece of inclosure generated by the ‘imaging interface’ in history 2.the early type of script for the system 3.the early type of sensing device 4.the early type of construction robots for this system
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3.4 Stage one: Ground work
Neuzeckenstein is constructed over the flooded site. The image on the left explains the sequence of the ground work and the construction of the wall. 1.setting up boundary 2.water tightening the edge 3. water extracting 4.piling 5.building the form work for casting 6.casting the wall
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3.5 Building elements of the house
The image on the left shows the hierarchy of the house build up:
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1. Piles connecting to the ground 2. Main steel structure: refer to 3.6 3. Metal weaving secondary structure: refer to 3.7 4. Building skins: refer to 3.11
2.
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3.6 The primary structure
The image on the left shows the steel primary structure of Neuzeckenstein. The bottom of the structure are welded on to the foundation. The principle of the main structure works in the same way as any classical steel structured buildings. The primary structure act as the bone of the building, it allows the secondary structure to weave through it, and taking the load from the secondary structure to the ground. The image below shows how the primary structure is made on site: the robotic arm cast the iron segment by segment until they form into one piece.
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3.7 Secondary structure - the woven metal wires
A number of metal wires printed using EBF3(refer to 3.8) form a woven reinforcement net. The outer skin(shell) can later be laid on top. The idea is similar to using the ‘lath and plaster’ process in the late 1950th. The image on the left shows the process from building the secondary structure to the finishing of the surface: 1. Printing the secondary structure; 2. Printing the surface; 3. Detailing the surface.
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Wire feed
3.8 How to print the secondary structure Electron beam gun
There are robots designed for making this type of structure. A number of ‘print head’ (showed in red) linking to the robot are able to move freely. The metal wire from the robot got feed into the ‘print head’, the ‘print head’ then melt the wire(by shooting the electron beam gun onto the wire) and then deposit the melted metal as it moves -- creates the desired curve.
Deposit
This technology has been developed since the early 21 century under the name EBF3(refer to appendix5.13).
See appendix 5.9
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3.9 Specific tool for specific job
The whole process of the construction is all done by machines. There are many robots designed for producing a typical type of structure/surface. The image on the left shows the 4 major robots used in the construction of this project: 1.
1. The EBF-112, the robot dedicated for printing the secondary structure(refer to 3.8); 2. The RT-008 -- matter compiler(refer to appendix 5.7); 3. The LZ-232, the sculptor, dedicated for detailing the surface; 4. The AR-02, the robot arm for casting the main structure
2.
See appendix 5.9
4.
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3.10 The ‘-like’ material
With the advanced technology of ‘matter compiling’, post-human are able to print any material as we like. Before this, our selection of material are limited to a finitive number -- the stone, the glass, the steel... Because we are able to change the elements within the stuff, the types of material we can create are infinite. We no longer talk about materials as types, instead we talk about materials in terms of their property directly -- the strength number, the elasticity number, the ductility number ... If we want to have timber floor, we will print a new material with the wood property. Because it is essentially not wood, so we call it ‘wood-like’ material.
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3. 2.
3.11 Main structure + secondary structure + filling + skin
4. 1.
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2. Inner skin 3. Outter skin 4. Filling 5. Air gaps in the filling
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1. Main structure
The image on the left shows a section through a typical room in the building, it consist of 4 major parts: 1. Main structure: refer to 3.6; 2. Inner skin: the skin that expose to the interior space, with services embedded underneath(refer to 3.14, 4.6, 4.9); 3. Outer skin: same as the inner skin, but expose to the exterior of the room, the service embedded under the skin also have different function to the inner skin (refer to 3.14, 4.6, 4.9); 4. Filling: a very light and soft material printed in between two layers of skin, the purpose of this layer is to create the detail of the desired form. There are holes in this layer so that the air and the service can run freely through this layer - connecting two skins.
3. 2. 4.
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3.12 Fixture and fittings
Coherent language of the furniture Most of the furnitures in the building are integrated as part of the building. They are constructed using the same principle as the rest of the building. The image on the left shows the process of printing the skins of both the floor and the furniture, it is the same process as mention in 3.7, it involves three stages: 1. Construction the frame; 2. Printing the rough shape; 3. Detailing the shape
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3.13 The design of the furniture Chair
Toilet Design of the furniture The image on the left shows a selection of furnitures in the building, they are produced using the same methods as the rest of the building. By using the same construction methods, the architectural language of the furniture can be kept the same as the building.(refer to 3.12) Post-human Rococo The style of Neuzekenstein has been defined as post-human rococo, which is a revisit of the 18th-century artistic style. Rococo art and architecture in such a way was ornate and made strong usage of creamy, pastel-like colours, asymmetrical designs, curves and gold. (refer to appendix 5.11)
Table
Bath
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water basin
Light
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3.14 Furniture integated into the building
2.
The smart skin As the image showed on the left, most of the building surface are made of ‘smart skins’ -underneath the skin are a network of service pipelines runing through out the entire surface of the building. The net work is consist of service pipelines for controling the temperature, moisture, lighting and ambient data of the building.
1.
The image on the left: 1. service pipelines embeded under the skin 2. non-smart surface 3. secondary structure and filling 4. primary structure
3.
4.
moisture control tube temperature control tube lighting control tube ambient data control tube
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Building Performance
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29°C Yearly average: 20.3°C 27°C
4.1 The weather data today in 2314
Thermal comfortable level for human in 2014
24°C
Temperature: The average temperature of the world has raised about 5 degree in the last 2 century. The diagram on the left shows the maximum average temperature for a year.
Cooling required 21°C Thermal comfortable level for average post-human 18°C
15°C
Heating required
Heating required Thermal comfortable level for average post-human
12°C
Post-human comfort level: Compare to a classic human being, we as post human generally have a thicker layer of skin. Therefore, our thermal confortable level is generally lower than the classic human being. As a rule of thumb, our thermal comfortable level ranges between 15°C to 21°C. Months heating/cooling required: From the graph on the left, we can map out the required amont of cooling energy and heating energy. Also it shows the months which the heating is required( from November to March), and cooling required( from May to September)
9°C 6°C 3°C Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Climate period: 2283 - 2312 - Maximum temperature(°C) Station: Greenwich Park
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super conducting liquid running hrough out the building
cool down the building 4.2 Energy flow
cooler
tidal energy
wall
heat up the building battery
heater
Electricity
The diagram on the left shows the energy flow in the building: most of the energy used in the building is generated by the wall -- the 6m height tidal difference generate a big amount of electricity. The electricty is then stored in batteries. The electricity is then used for cooling, heating the building and other different use.
light, cooker, electricity hub......
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5.
5.
4.
heating/ cooling on the surface
4.
4.3 Enviromental strategy 4.
4.
The diagram on the left gives an overview of the enviromental system: 1. Inject the purified sea water into the system; 2. Feed the purified water into chiller or the boiler; 3. Feed the purified water into chiller or the boiler; 4. Use the cooled/hot water to cool/heat the building surface; 5. Hot/cold water for the kitchen, bathrooms etc. 6. Waste water discharge into water purification facilities
4. 5. 5.
waste water
3. collecting rain water
2.
6.
fans insulation
boiler
boiler
radiator
1.
purified water from the sea
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4.4 Thermal Enviroment zoning Internal space: Titely insulated for thermal Temperary opening for light and nature ventilation Translucent windows for sunlight without requirement for opening Under floor heating, cooling Fan for heating,cooling Semi-internal space: Partialy insulated for thermal Temperary opening for light and nature ventilation, permenant holes on walls,ceilings,floors Translucent windows for sunlight without requirement for opening Under floor heating, cooling Fan for heating,cooling External space: Partialy insulated for thermal permenant holes on walls,ceilings,floors No windows Under floor heating, cooling Fan for heating,cooling
Internal space semi-Internal space external space
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4.5 Lighting zoning Internal lighting(mood lighting): In these area, there should be no direct sunlight, the rooms should be dimly lighted. The aim of this lighting strategy is to create a very moody atmosphere.(Refer to 4.9) Internal lighting(work lighting): In these area, there should be no direct sunlight, but the space should be bright enough for working purpose. External lighting: These area are lit by sunlight during the day, parts of these area have artificial lighting during night.
Internal lighting(mood lighting) Internal lighting(work lighting) external space(sunlight)
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4.6 Heating/cooling strategy in a typical room Localized heating/cooling: The section on the left shows the heating/cooling strategy in a typical internal room(casino in this case). As a result of using smart skin technology( service embedded under all the external skin) it is possible to create single/multiple localized heating/cooling area. As people move around the building, the sensors will detect the location of the people, the system will then moderate the temperature of different area accordingly. Nature ventilation: The prevailing wind comes from south west, as the drawing on the left shows, the smart skin have the ability to extract air out of the room from desired area, therefore create a desired nature ventilation flow.
skin with very dense air tube shoting air out filling with holes where and tiny holes to the required direction air travel through
moisture control tube temperature control tube lighting control tube ambient data control tube
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magnet
4.7 Principle for openings in the building “The door dilated�: The material around the openings(both doors and windows) are very elastic, it allows the wall to stretch as the opening open/close. There are bendable structure inside the windows/doors allowing they open to the desired shape, and the magnet around the edge make sure they seal the hole properly.
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4.8 Principle for controlling the amount of sunlight into the building There are internal spaces in the building such as workshop, reading room and toilet where most of the time are prefabley be lit only by internal artificial lighting. However there are certain circumstances that it is nice to see the outside. The skin system used in the building allows the skin to change transparency, therefore become a see-through wall/ceiling/floor.
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4.9 Interior lighting strategy in a typical room
sunlight is transferred through glass fibers into the interior, used as ambient light
Localized lighting: The section on the left shows the lighting strategy in a typical internal room(casino in this case). As a result of using smart skin technology( service embedded under all the external skin) it is possible to create single/multiple localized lighting area. As people move around the building, the sensors will detect the location of the people, the system will then moderate the light intensity/color etc. of different area accordingly. Using the nature light from outside: Most of the internal space requires no direct sunlight into the space. However the sunlight is not wasted. By having the smart skin system, (as showed on the left) sunlight is redirected through glass fibers into the interior space, come out as ambient dim light.
stopping the sunlight go directly into the building skin with very dense and tiny holes
weaven lights sandwiched between the skins
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4.10 Fire Safety Escape Routes 6m
9m
6m
Spaces with high risk The spaces most likely to cause fire are the kitchen, casino, living room and bedrooms. These rooms need to be equipped with a higher degree of fire protection facilities. Protection of load bearing structure All the load bearing structure are coated with extra fire proof layer. Escape requirements for post-human Comparing to the classic human being, the post-human generally move slower and grow much bigger.
9m
5m
G
Therefore, the requirement for the escaping corridor width have been increase in the last 2 century. In this project, all internal escape routes have a minimum width of 1500mm and a clear headroom of 2500mm, all escape doors have a width of 2250mm. The requirement for the maximum travel distance to the nearest fire exit have decrease, in this project, there is maximum travel distance of 9m to the nearest fire exit where there is escape only in one direction, and a total escape distance of less than 22m to the outside.
9m 7m
Vertical escape is via protected stairways that discharge directly to protected exit passageways. All stairs have a minimum width of 2000mm including landings with an accessible refuge for wheelchairs of 1500mm x 2000mm. Fire fighter robots The servant robot on site are all equipped with fire alarm system and fire extinguisher Escape routes The diagram on the left shows the escape route in the event of a fire Fire fighter in the skin In the event of the fire, the smart skin will shoot out a large amount of water to the desired area
1
5m
Service pipe carrying water will release a large amount of water into desired area in the event of fire
60 min fire-resisting construction
9m
Maximum escape distance to outside Clear route away from building Entrance to dwelling
2
Automatically opening vent( 3m2 minimum) Inflateable evacuation slide deployed as additional escape
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Appendix
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Ground floor plan (not to scale) 52
First floor plan (not to scale) 53
Second floor plan (not to scale)
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Section (not to scale)
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Section (not to scale)
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Section (not to scale)
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5.1 A brief history of Canvey Island Since around the early 1900’s, Canvey Island’s population has been steadily growing, both in terms of numbers and permanence, to roughly 38,000 people at present. It was Dutch migrants that originally reclaimed the Island as a totality from the surrounding estuary, by establishing primitive sea defences - the first of many slow infrastructural developments that have helped to urbanise the the Island. Before this time, early populations with agricultural concerns were content to farm the land for hay and keept sheep for cheese making. After 1900 the Island’s population grew in waves, influenced by marketing strategies that promoted Island plots to the city dwellers of London, taking advantage of a developing culture of seaside tourism in Britain. The Island soon became the fastest growing seaside resort in Briatin between 1911 and 1951, a boom that was terminated abruptly during the North Sea flood of 1953. Following the flood, the Island was fortified with 24 km of high sea walls and continues to develop as an urban environment today.
Image on the left: The Canvey group of islands in the 16th century as shown in the map of south east Essex by the topographer John Norden in 1594. John Norden (1594). Speculi Brinanniæ Pars: an Historical and Chorographical Description of the County of Essex. First published in 1840 by the Camden Society, London.
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5.2 Tourism Canvey Island was promoted heavily as a holiday destination during the 1900’s, primarily for Londoner’s wanting to escape the city smog. The Island then went on to become one of many coastal locations in the UK, that supported thriving seaside tourism between the 1920’s and 1950’s. This theme of tourism, particuarly seaside tourism, is central to Canvey’s culture and still exists today, albeit in a reduced capacity. There has always been a permanent population on Canvey Island and a seasonal population. A relationship still evident in the rows of staid brick semidetached houses that back onto vast parks of static caravans. (particuarly on the Islands East side) However this micro-regional, seasonal culture and the associated economy have certainly deteriorated since the North Sea Flood, giving way to a steadier economy characterised by national and global companies. This is particularly evident in the emergence of several large supermarkets, such as Tesco and Morrisons. The Islands dynamic seasonal culture is certainly at risk and in particular the Island seems to be losing it’s sense of mirco-regionalism.
Image on the left: Thorney Bay Postcard. 1953
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5.3 Flooding In 1953 Canvey Island was catastrophically flooded during a North Sea storm surge. This flood, often described as “The Great Flood,” breached primitive sea defences erected by Dutch settlers in 1623, culminating in the death of 58 people and the destruction of serveral thousand homes. The Flood of 1953 is one of the most significant events in Canvey Islands history, and one that has shaped it’s identity. Ever since the flood, a cultural dynamic has existed on the Island, that involves the generation of people directly affected by the flooding and those who have since come to the Island. This cultural dynamic is incredibly delicate and Canvey Island could be considered as both a place of regret and nostalgia. The Island is pockmarked with historical references and the entire landscape is saturated with connotations to the event, which cannot be ignored when considering a design response on this sensitive site.
Image on the left: Canvey Island, where 58 of the 300+ victims died, after coastal flooding on 31st January, 1953. (Source: Grieve (1959) © Fox Photos)
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5.4 Industry Since the mid 1930’s the west side of the Island at Hole Haven has been developed for use as oil refineries, including oil and gas storage. In fact the first delivery of liquefied natural gas by container ship, in the world, was received at Canvey Island from Louisiana in 1959. Unfortunately the associated risks of these developments to the surrounding population are obvious, needless to say, many plans were met with fierce opposition by the local people. This is just another example of conflicting relationships on the Island, as these developments were economically beneficial and did help to provide jobs for local people, yet they also carried risks with them - to the surrounding population, environment and prized skyline. Crucially, these developments have also served to loosely divide the Island landscape, with the majority of the Island’s east side being devoted to urban development and the far west side generally devoted to industry.
Image on the left: Š Terry Joyce - http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/588781
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5.5 Earth context Not many people lives on Earth(the origin of mankind, AI and other species). As it is heavily protected, it is almost an archaeology planet, people(human, AI and other intellectuals) come here for research and learning purpose only. The map to the left shows the different zones divided according to the archaeological importance.
The area in yellow on the map are the areas marked as ‘most protected area’, these area used to be the major cities. Which means they are very rich in culture materials that post human can research from. The area in red on the map are the areas marked as ‘heavy protected area’, these area used to be the area where human being inhabit excluding the major cities. Rich in culture materials that post human can research from as well. The area in blue on the map are the areas marked as ‘protected area’, these area are the rest of the land apart from the last two categories. The area in green on the map are the areas marked as ‘near-land protected area’, these area are where the sea meet the protected land area. The areas in orange on the map indicates spots, where large over-sea human inhabitations are allowed. However, only small portion of human being lives on these spots comparing to all the human being over the galaxy.
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5.6 Post human and purpose of life for post human In the ‘post-scarcity’ future, there are unlimited resource against unlimited wants, the relationship between these two which forms the foundation of the economy. Producing higher and higher supply efficiently to fulfil demands are no longer the end goal of the economy. It has gone through cyclical stages during which there has been extensive human-machine interfacing, and other stages when extensive genetic alteration has been the norm. The era of the project is based on so far is one in which the people have returned, probably temporarily, to something more ‘classical’ in terms of their relations with the machines and potential of their own genes. There is another force aside from the nature of its human inhabitants and the limitations and opportunities presented by life in space, and that is Artificial Intelligence. The humans, having solved all the obvious problems of their shared pasts to be free from hunger, want, disease and the fear of natural disaster and attack, would find it a slightly empty existence only and merely enjoying themselves. The collective task of the human is to explore -- to explore the galaxy, its physical principles and laws quite comprehensively understood but the results of fifteen billion years of the chaotically formative application and interaction of those laws still far from fully mapped and evaluated. Also, to explore ourselves, who we are and what make us what we are. There are a planet of historical relic waiting to be mapped and evaluated.
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5.7 Matter compiling Towards the end of the 24 centuray, the matter compiling technology was already very advanced. However the ideal of being able to construct material molecule by molecule was imagined in the very early history, especially in science fiction. Newzeckenstein was one of the early matter compiled buildings in the history. The image on the left shows how a city could be built by this technology. “Whenever Nell’s clothes got too small for her, Harv would pitch them into the deke bin and then have the M.C. make new ones. Sometimes, if Tequila was going to take Nell someplace where they would see other moms with other daughters, she’d use the M.C. to make Nell a special dress with lace and ribbons.” 1
1. From The Diamond Age, by Neal Stephenson. Published by Bantam Books in 1995
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5.8 The origin of matter compiling - 3D printing in 21 centuary The origin of matter compiling come from the technology of 3D-printing developed in the early 21 centuary. The articles below shows the state of the 3D-printing technology at that moment. 1. (EBF3) is a process by which NASA plans to build metal parts in zero gravity environments1 2. Crystallization dress by Iris van Herpen, Daniel Widrig and .MGX by Materialise2 3. Experiments of using 3D printing to produce replacement tissue, vessels and organs.3 4. 3D printing expert Janne Kyttanen has produced prototype printed pasta, breakfast cereal and burgers to demonstrate how advances in 3D printing could transform the way we eat4 5. London architecture collective Softkill Design has joined the race to build the world’s first 3D printed house5 6. Researchers at MIT plan to 3D print a pavilion by imitating the way a silkworm builds its cocoon.6
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_beam_freeform_fabrication 2. http://www.dezeen.com/2014/03/18/daniel-widrig-3d-printing-design-software-advances/ 3.http://www.dezeen.com/2013/05/02/michael-renard-print-shift-interview-health/ 4. http://www.dezeen.com/2013/03/27/food-is-the-next-frontier-of-3d-printing-janne-kytannen/ 5. http://www.dezeen.com/2013/02/13/protohouse-2-3d-printed-house-by-softkill-design/ 6. http://www.dezeen.com/2013/03/13/mit-researchers-to-3d-print-a-pavilion-by-imitating-silkworms/
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5.9 Rebuilding of the FUN Canvey island Canvey island has always been seen as a holiday resort, a weekend destinatin, a “leisure island”. Therefore the rebuilding of the Canvey after the flood focus on bringing back the fun aspects of the old Canvey island. The new Canvey in post-human age is a series of assemblage of old Canvey Fun. The diagram on the left shows the process of the rebuilding -- exploring the old ‘fun’ -- interpreting/ rebuilding the ‘fun’ as physical components.
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5.10 Neuschwanstein castle The life of Zecke and his building Neuzeckenstein share many similarities with the nineteenthcentury German king Ludwig II of Bavaria and his castle Neuschwanstein. Many people believe Zecke is the post-human Ludwig II. The reference images on the left shows the king and his castle, the narrative about the swan of the castle. The palace was intended as a personal refuge for the reclusive king, but it was opened to the paying public immediately after his death in 1886. Since then more than 61 million people have visited Neuschwanstein Castle. More than 1.3 million people visit annually, with as many as 6,000 per day in the summer. The palace has appeared prominently in several movies and was the inspiration for Disneyland’s Sleeping Beauty Castle and later, similar structures.
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5.11 The Rococo style in the post-human age Rococo, less commonly roccoco, or “Late Baroque�, is an 18th-century artistic movement and style, which affected several aspects of the arts including painting, sculpture, architecture, interior design, decoration, literature, music and theatre. The Rococo developed in the early part of the 18th century in Paris, France as a reaction against the grandeur, symmetry and strict regulations of the Baroque, especially that of the Palace of Versailles. Rococo art and architecture in such a way was ornate and made strong usage of creamy, pastel-like colours, asymmetrical designs, curves and gold.1 Neuzeckenstein is designed in the post-human rococo style. the rooms in the building were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry complementing architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings.
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rococo
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5.12 Man after Man Zeker’s original name is Tic, he is one of the charators in the book “man after man”. Man After Man: An Anthropology of the Future (1990) is a speculative book written by Scottish geologist Dougal Dixon and illustrated by Philip Hood. The theme of the book is a hypothetical exploration of the possibilities of the future evolution of humans. The nature of the animals formed by this Evolution are often fear-provoking and biologically horrific to the modern eye. Unlike his previous two books, his story context focuses on individuals rather than entire species, even giving them human names.1
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_After_Man:_An_Anthropology_of_the_Future
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5.13 EBF3 (EBF3) is a process developed by NASA as early as 2050. This layer-additive process uses an electron beam, and a solid wire feedstock to fabricate metallic structures. The process efficiencies of the electron beam and the feedstock make the EBF3 process attractive for in-space use.
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Bibliography ‘Man after man’ -Dougal Dixon(1990) ‘Constructing Architecture Materials Processes Structures A Handbook’ - Andrea Deplazes (ED.) (1997) ‘Uppark Restored’ - Christopher Rowell (1996) ‘Print shift’ - Dezeen (2013) ‘Digital Architecture Now’ - Neil Spiller (2008) ‘Sagrada Familia’ (2013) ‘Which contract, choosing the appropriate building contract’ - Clamp, Hugh, Cox, Stanley and Lupton (2007) ‘A Client’s guide to engaging an Architect’ - RIBA (1999) ‘Understanding the Building Regulations 4th Edition’ - Simon Polley (2003) Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007, Health and Safety Commission http://www.canveyisland.org/ https://www.spab.org.uk/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_formal_garden http://www.chatsworth.org/ http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/education/teachers/weather-data http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_beam_freeform_fabrication http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_After_Man:_An_Anthropology_of_the_Future http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rococo
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