Home improvement 2015 web by Sunrise

page 2 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

Home Improvement pUBLISHer Elizabeth Gorske

Interior designers can make remodel, building process smoother By Sherry Barnum

CompoSItIon Sharon Ehlert Jesse Karbowski emaIL sherrybarnum@ogemawherald.com

Did you know? Damage to a lawn may be indicative of various problems. Everything from insects to rodents to the family pet may be responsible for causing burnt patches, holes and other eyesores. Getting to the bottom of the problem is the first step in remediation. Burning and discoloration of the lawn is often a result of high concentrations of dog urine pooling in one area. Diluting the urine by hosing down areas of the lawn can clear up many problems. Birds, raccoons, skunks, moles and other rodents may feed on grubs that reside just under the thatch of the lawn, and animals may tear up lawns in search of this delicacy. Treating the grub problem usually alleviates damage caused by animals. Mole crickets are another common lawn destroyer. These insects resemble crickets, but they burrow beneath the turf to feed on plant roots. The mole crickets can push up channels of turf as they burrow, exposing roots to the elements and causing the grass to die. Getting rid of the insects can revitalize the lawn.

important aspect of a project. It is where a designer gathers and analyzes all of the necessary information needed to design a functional space for the client.” Richardson said the interior designer will ask questions to determine things like how much room or lighting is needed to do the required tasks, what type of equipment or storage is necessary or what room arrangement will best fit the traffic patterns of the home or workplace. “If all of the planning is done before the actual construction begins, the project will go much smoother and save everyone a lot of stress, time and money,” she said. “There are many layers of a plan that actually need to be considered and designed simultaneously. For example, when you are selecting your flooring and decide where the materials transition, you actually need to consider the ceiling heights, lighting plan and furniture layout at the same time.” Richardson said without the proper planning in place, it is hard to coordinate all of the details, and this is also why it can be beneficial to hire a professional who guides you through the whole process rather than various people to advise on each task. “Details can get missed without knowing the original project goals and design intent,” she said. Richardson said before deciding on an interior designer, you should be sure to ask

for their qualifications or for references. “You should also ask what their fees are or how they charge,” she said. “Some options are hourly rates, a mark-up on materials sold, a fixed fee based on an estimated amount of time, a square-foot calculation or a percentage of the project total. They may also use a combination of these.” “Another question you should ask is for a contract,” Richardson said. “Before every project there should be an owner-client

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Have you ever wanted to throw in the towel on your remodel project and just hire it out? According to interior designer Lindsey Richardson of DETAILS Design Studio, one of the benefits of having an interior designer is that the client gets to take advantage of their years of experience and education. “Interior designers not only have knowledge on paint colors, fabric and furniture; but also space planning, building codes, safety, millwork, lighting, finish options and working through the entire construction process,” Richardson said. “They can help your project run smoother and guide you through the process. They are really there to be your advocate and work with your contractor and subs on your behalf to help make sure the end result is exactly what you dreamed of, while also being within budget and on schedule.” “They also have connections to ‘tradeonly’ products and contacts for the bestquality area services –– like upholsterers, furniture finishers, custom fabricators, etc.,” Richardson said. “And the homeowners can be as active as they want. It is their project.” “It is definitely best to figure this out in the beginning, and the designer can plan their involvement accordingly,” Richardson said. “If they want to be more hands-off, they need to have a good designer that they can trust, and then they can simply approve choices and show up to see the finished project. Other people may want to be more involved –– from researching products themselves or touring the manufacturer’s shop that is making their custom cabinets.” Richardson said for simple decorating, most people like to do it themselves. “There are many great resources for inspiration –– books, magazines, TV shows and websites –– Houzz.com is a great one,” she said. “Some people really want a fresh perspective and hire a designer for minor decorating consultations. Most designers will work on all project types and sizes.” Richardson said for larger projects, it is helpful to have a designer on board to handle all of the little details that are common and to coordinate the technical issues that also come up. “Their expertise and project management skills will actually end up saving time and money in the long run,” she said. Richardson said if hiring an interior designer, the sooner you hire, the better. “It is always best to bring any professional in as soon as possible,” Richardson said. “The programming phase is the most

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The potentially harmful effects of mold in your home The presence of mold in a home is a sight few homeowners want to see. In addition to being unsightly, mold found in a home can be unhealthy. While certain cleaners may prove effective at removing mold, homeowners who want to remove existing mold growths and prevent future growths may benefit from gaining a greater understanding of mold and why it grows inside homes. What is mold? Mold is a blanket term used to describe fungi that can be found both indoors and outdoors. Many species of mold exist, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that some estimates suggest there may be more than three hundred thousand different species of mold. Common indoor molds include cladosporium, penicillium, alternaria and aspergillus. Which conditions promote mold growth? Homeowners may notice that mold tends to grow in specific areas of their homes but not in others, and that's because molds grow best in certain conditions. Warm, damp and

humid conditions, such as those found in poorly ventilated bathrooms and basements, make ideal breeding grounds for mold.

When exposed to mold, such people may experience symptoms like nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing or skin irritation.

What are the effects of mold exposure? Molds are a natural and resilient part of the environment, but mold growth indoors should be addressed and avoided. Mold spores are tiny and invisible to the naked eye, and when these spores attach to wet surfaces, they begin to grow. Once these spores begin to grow, they can then affect people in various ways. Roughly a decade ago, the Institute of Medicine found sufficient evidence to support a link between exposure to indoor mold and respiratory tract issues, such as coughing and wheezing, in people who were otherwise healthy. The same report found that mold may trigger asthma symptoms among people with asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a disease in which the lungs are inflamed when a person breathes in certain dusts he or she is allergic to, in people susceptible to that condition. Some people who do not have a pre-existing condition can still be sensitive to molds.

How can exposure to mold be decreased at home? Adequate ventilation is arguably a homeowners’ best friend with regard to reducing mold exposure at home. Control humidity levels in areas of the home that tend to be warm and humid, such as the kitchen and bathroom. Install an exhaust fan in the kitchen and bathroom and a window in the bathroom if yours does not already have one. The CDC recommends that humidity levels be no higher than 50 percent throughout the day, and an air conditioner and dehumidifier can help you keep indoor humidity levels in check, especially during the summer when humidity levels tend to be their highest of any time during the year. When renovating your home, remove any existing carpeting from bathrooms and basements and toss out soaked carpets or upholstery as well. If painting will be part of your home renovation projects, add mold

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Interior: Designers can help focus on the details FroM PAGe 2 agreement, signed by both parties, that spells out the scope of work, the designer's responsibilities, the owner’s responsibilities and the method of payment –– and any other information that can be stated.” “A contract should also spell out what the designer is going to actually be giving the client –– rough concept sketches, renderings or construction drawings; a conversation about colors or a presentation or board with X number of color pallets,” Richardson said. “Detailed specifications for plumbing, lighting and hardware or a general direction of where to look. Does the client want them for all phases of design and construction –– programming, schematic design, design development, contract documents and contract or construction administration, or do they just want help with one or two areas? Again, it is just best to have every aspect agreed upon to avoid disagreements over the services or fees in the long run.” “These provisions will protect both the client and the designer from disagreements and misunderstandings about the expected services and fees,” she said. “And most importantly –– make sure you like the designer,” Richardson said. “Throughout the progress of a project, you have to trust them and will end up sharing

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personal details about you and your family in order to get the most personalized outcome that works for your lifestyle. Make sure you are comfortable enough with the designer to be able to do that. You also want someone who listens to you and understands your needs and opinions.” According to Richardson, she is glad to see that “green” or environmental design is finally becoming mainstream. “The idea of open-concept living has been popular for a while also,” Richardson said. “Warm metal finishes

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tive and suggest things you would have never thought of, forcing you out of your comfort zone a little. “In the end you will get an individualized, unique, functional and beautiful project –– and the design and construction process will be much easier with the proper professionals in your corner,” she said. Richardson said this really is her dream job. “When I think about it now, it goes back a long way,” she said. “When I was little, I didn’t really play with my Barbies –– instead, I flipped over chairs and used blocks of wood and blankets to build ‘houses’ for them.” “When my parents were building their house, I became obsessed with looking at plan books,” she said. “I liked to look at each plan and would visualize walking through the house, and could see what spaces worked well and which ones didn't. Today, I love the idea that, with good design, I can personally affect someone’s daily life by making their home or workplace more functional and beautiful.” “I love how you can manipulate the way a space feels by changing ceiling heights, varying the lighting levels or adding a variety of textures and unique materials,” Richardson said.

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page 6 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

The relationship between paint and mood Painting is one of the easiest and least expensive ways to transform the look of a space. The colors homeowners choose for their walls can give rooms their own unique feel and even affect the moods of the people within them. Finding the right shade for a bedroom or kitchen involves more than just selecting the first color that catches your eye. Design experts and psychologists alike say it may be worthwhile to choose a color that helps you feel good rather than just following design trends. The paint color you pick may add energy to a space or create a tranquil retreat where you can unwind at the end of the day. Blue To create a spa-like environment and a more serene space, look to shades of blue in soft variations. Cool blues are soothing colors that can help lower stress levels and promote sleep. That's why blue is a frequent fixture in bedrooms and bathrooms. Just be advised that too much blue can make a room appear cold and stark, so balance out blue with some warmer accents. orange Many people do not immediately consider bright orange for their homes, but when used as an accent shade, orange can really brighten up a home. Orange is considered a shade that expands creativity and imparts a youthful appeal to a space. Consider an orange accent wall or a burst of color with orange throw pillows. If pumpkin orange is a little too bold for you, tone it down by choosing a more pastel, peachy hue, which is equally warm and energizing. red Red stimulates energy and appetite, which is why the shade is so popular in restaurants and home dining spaces. Red is a good choice for social gathering rooms but may not be the wis-

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est choice for a bedroom, as the color may prove overstimulating. green Green can evoke composure and tranquility and works in any room of the house. Since green is the primary color of nature, it also works well for those people who want to bring some of the outdoors inside and work with the fresh starts and new growth that green can inspire. To make green feel less subdued and sleepy, work with its complementary opposite, red, by using a few bold red accents here and there to balance out the tranquility of green. purple People have long related purple to royalty, and this dramatic color can add a formal, regal aspect to a home depending on the hue. Purple also may help stimulate the creative side of the brain. In paler shades of lavender, purple can seem almost ethereal and spiritual. Some designers suggest avoiding purple in a bedroom because that is a place you want your brain to rest rather than be stimulated. Yellow Few colors are more vibrant than yellow, which can help stimulate conversation and make thoughts more focused. A luminous shade of yellow is an ideal way to make any space more welcoming and bright. Just use it sparingly, as too much yellow may not be a good thing. Yellow accents mixed with touches of purple can offer the balance needed to prevent yellow rooms from overwhelming residents and guests. Home decorators should keep in mind that colors can be blended to create the desired environment. A color scheme based on complementary colors, or those opposite on the color wheel, may fit. Otherwise, analogous color schemes, or those colors that are next to one another on the color wheel, can create a variation that suits your design needs.

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april 2015 –– Home Improvement — page 7

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Benefits of hiring a painting professional By Sherry Barnum Whether it’s getting up and down off the stool or getting paint everywhere, painting can be a hassle, but it doesn’t have to be. According to Sarah Brandenburg of 360 Painting, it is important to contact a painting contractor at the planning stage of the project so they can get a good understanding of the whole project and work with you and other contractors, if needed. “We like to primer the walls before anything is installed so that it protects the drywall and helps reveal any drywall issues,” she said. “Once everything is in place, to resolve a drywall issue it becomes more costly and adds time to the project.” Brandenburg said when hiring a professional painting company the first question anyone should ask is if they have a copy of their general liability insurance and workman’s compensation insurance. “A professional painting company will be able to provide you with a copy of their

insurance, and you can verify this information with the insurance company stated on the paper,” Brandenburg said. “It is important in case an employee of theirs gets injured or if they accidently break a window. Accidents happen, and not having to file a claim on your homeowner's insurance will save you time and ensure there is no increase in your insurance.” Brandenburg said homeowners need to ensure they are physically able to complete the job and do not have concerns with climbing a ladder before they hire out the job. “Some homes may require scaffolding which can be rented, but do you want to deal with the setup and take-down of the scaffolding?” she said. “Other homeowners do not have the time available to dedicate to a project, and the painting project may need it completed in a timely manner.” According to Brandenburg, the top five

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page 8 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

The dos and don'ts of backyard fire pits Once a rarity, fire pits have grown increasingly popular in recent years, as more and more homeowners turn their homes into private oases. Fire pits run the gamut from the very simple to the more elaborate, and the fire pits homeowners choose often depend on the space they have available as well as their budgets. But even homeowners without any space or budget constraints should give careful consideration to which fire pit they ultimately install, especially if they plan to make that installation themselves. The following are some dos and don'ts of fire pits for those homeowners about to add this relaxing and popular accessory to their backyards. do confirm you can legally build a fire pit in your yard. Fire pits have become so commonplace that homeowners may think

there are no regulations governing their construction. However, it's still best to confirm with your local government planning or zoning offices if you can build a fire pit and if any restrictions apply. don't proceed with the project until you have been granted official approval. Assuming you have the go-ahead to build a fire pit is not the same thing as knowing you have been approved. Starting early could result in fines if it turns out you aren't allowed to have a fire pit. But you may also begin building a bigger fire pit than the local government allows, and that could be money down the drain later. Wait until you get official word before you proceed with the project. do build on flat ground. The fire pit should be built on flat ground to reduce risk of accident and/or injury. A fire pit

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built on flat ground also means everyone can enjoy it comfortably and equally once the project is finished. If the ground around the pit is not flat, some people may be forced to sit crooked or lean forward just to enjoy the pit. don't build near flammable structures. Build the fire pit far enough away from existing structures, such as your home, garage or shed, so flickering flames do not catch some wind and lead to disaster. Before building in a given spot, monitor the wind patterns for a few days by sitting in a lawn chair at the spot you ultimately want the fire pit to be. If you notice the wind is blowing toward your house, you will want to choose another area for the pit so smoke from the fire will not be blowing into your home every night. do choose the right size. The size of your fire pit will depend on the space you have available, but even if you have a vast swath of space, keep in mind that profes-

sional contractors typically recommend building a fire pit no bigger than 44 inches wide. Anything larger can be unsightly and may not appeal to prospective buyers down the road. In addition, an especially large fire pit may result in potentially unruly flames that can present a fire hazard. don't go it alone if your DIY skills are suspect. Installing a fire pit is a relatively inexpensive DIY job, but that does not mean anyone can do it. Ground needs to be excavated and the slope of the yard must be measured so the fire pit is safe and functional for years to come. If your DIY skills are not up to snuff, hire a professional contractor so your backyard oasis does not become a costly headache. A fire pit can turn a boring backyard into a relaxing retreat. But homeowners must adhere to the dos and don'ts of fire pits to ensure their retreat is something they can enjoy for years to come.

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Cooking efficiently helps control energy bills Cooking alone accounts for four percent of total home energy use, notes the U.S. Department of Energy, and this estimate doesn’t include the energy costs associated with refrigeration, hot water heating and dishwashing. Especially when family parties and community potlucks come around, keep these tips in mind to help reduce your energy bill: • Don’t peek. Every time the oven door is open, the temperature inside is reduced by as much as 25 degrees, forcing it to use more energy to get back to the proper temperature. • Turn it down or turn it off. For regular cooking, it’s probably not necessary to have your oven on as long or as high as the recipe calls for. For recipes that need to bake longer than an hour, pre-heating the oven isn’t necessary. And, residual heat on an electric oven or stovetop will finish the last five to 10 minutes of baking time. Just remember to keep the oven door closed or the lid on until the time is up. Alternately, if you’re baking in a ceramic or glass dish (holds heat better than metal), you can typically set your oven for 25 degrees less than the recipe calls for. • Give your burners a break. For your

stovetop to function effectively, it’s important that the metal reflectors under your electric stove burners stay free of dirt and grime. • Don’t neglect your slow cooker… or your microwave, toaster oven or warming plate. For example, the average toaster oven can use up to one-half the energy of an average electric stove over the same cooking time. Visit energysavers.gov to help you estimate how much energy your appliances use. • Give your furnace the day off. If your next party involves a lot of work for your stove, think about turning down your furnace to compensate. The heat of the oven and all those guests will keep the temperature comfortable. • Make contact. Electric stovetops can only transmit heat to pans they are in direct contact with; the less contact your pan has with the burner, the more energy the stovetop will have to expend to heat the pan. If cooking with your warped pan is taking longer than it should, it may be time for a flat-bottomed update. InformatIon courtesy of the u.s. department of energy

Painting: Hiring out can take the stress out of the job FroM PAGe 7 mistakes someone makes when painting are not properly preparing the surface to be painted –– cleaning the area and scuffing the surface; using the wrong product for a painting project –– interior paint on an exterior project, wall paint on the ceiling; not using the proper tools to make the job look nice –– wrong roller nap, or using a brush instead of a roller; rushing through the job and not applying enough paint to fully cover the walls, ceiling, trim –– this leaves roller marks or causes bleed-through to occur; and not removing items from the work area –– causing unsafe working conditions in which someone can

get hurt or furniture can be ruined by splattering paint on it. The top question someone should ask before hiring a professional, according to Brandenburg, is, do you have confidence that the painter is going to do what they said they are going to do? “Are they going to show up on time as scheduled, apply two coats as quoted, or use drop cloths?” she said. “Did they give you a detailed and complete estimate? Is everything included? Are there any possible extra charges?” “Does the contractor guarantee its work?” she said. “Is this guarantee in writing? Can the contractor provide you with references? Will they really complete the job in their

estimated time window, and how many painters do they have?” Brandenburg said they got started because they always wanted to own their own business. “When my plant closed, it was a great opportunity to start over,” she said. “We looked at many different business options, but we found that painting was the best fit with our work experiences. We selected 360 Painting because it is a franchise, which will be there to help us when we have any questions or issues.” “This gives our customers more confidence because they know it’s not a fly-by-night organization,” Brandenburg said.

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page 10 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

Financing your home improvement projects Many homeowners recognize that improving and maintaining a property makes a home more livable for its inhabitants and more attractive to prospective buyers when the time comes to erect a "For Sale" sign in the front yard. But a well-maintained home also provides additional benefits. According to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, home improvements not only raise the values of individual homes, but they tend to raise neighborhood standards as well. Home improvements can create jobs and help local communities flourish economically. Maintaining a home can be a costly undertaking. Home improvement projects can be expensive, whether homeowners hire professionals or tackle renovation projects on their own. The following are a handful of options homeowners can consider as they look for ways to finance renovation projects. • Paying outright: Paying for the renovations upfront and in full is perhaps the simplest way to finance a project. Homeowners who have the cash to pay for renovations outright won't have to worry about interest rates or balloon payments. • Mortgage refinancing: Some homeowners tap into their home equity to cover home remodeling projects. Refinancing a mortgage means paying off the debt owed and starting over with a completely new loan. Refinancing comes with various fees and can cost between 3 and 6 percent of the loan's principal. • Home equity loans and lines of credit: Both of these options are commonly referred to as second mortgages. When homeowners apply for home equity loans or lines of credit, they are borrowing against the equity value in their homes. A home equity loan is a term, or closed-end, loan. It is a one-time sum that will be paid off over a set amount of time with a fixed interest rate and the

same payment each month. This is a onetime loan from which a person cannot borrow further. A home equity line of credit, or HELOC, is like having a credit card. It's possible to borrow a certain amount for the life of the loan, which is a set time specified by the lender. During this time, homeowners can withdraw money as it is needed up to the value of the line of credit. HELOCs typically have a variable interest rate that fluctuates, and payments can vary depending on the amount of money borrowed and the current interest rates. • Title I property loan: Residents of the United States with limited equity in their homes may qualify for an Federal Housing Administration Title I loan. Banks and other

lenders are qualified to make these loans from their own funds, and the FHA will insure the lender against a possible loss. Title I loans can be used for any improvements that will make a home more useful and livable. They cannot be used for renovations deemed luxury expenses. • Borrowing against retirement funds: Some people opt to borrow against a 401(k) plan, IRA or another retirement fund. If the retirement plan allows a loan without penalty, it can be another way to secure funds. Because it is the homeowner's money, there will be no credit check required and less delay in getting the funds. Borrowers should keep in mind that taking a loan against a retirement account will usually result in a

lower retirement balance than it would have been had they not borrowed money from the account - even after the funds have been repaid. • Credit cards: Credit cards are an option when improvements are not expensive. Individuals with excellent credit ratings may qualify for cards with no-interest introductory periods of several months or more. These cards can be a good way to pay off moderate improvements in a short amount of time. Many home renovation projects require homeowners to develop a home improvement budget. Homeowners are urged to explore all options and find the least costly loan method and the one that will present the best possibility for avoiding debt.

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Morse Clark Furniture’s

Future of home building LEED homes provide durability and efficiency By Sherry Barnum What does the Willis (formerly Sears) Tower in Chicago, Dell Children’s Hospital in Austin, the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, the Empire State Building, Starbucks and the “Rivers Edge” project at 2659 W. Cherry Creek Rd. in Mio have in common? They are all LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) buildings. According to the U.S. Green Building Council, there are more than 10,000 LEEDcertified office buildings, hospitals, schools, stores –– even baseball fields, and more than 40,000 commercial buildings worldwide going through the LEED process. According to Eric Hughes of Image Design, LLC, an LEED home is an abovecode built home that ensures comfort, health, durability and efficiency. “A LEED home is third-party tested to ensure the home meets higher standards,” Hughes said. “From global climate change to sick home syndrome and high utility bills, an LEED-certified home is important to help improve the environment and help ensure a better and affordable place for homeowners.” According to the USGBC, LEED is a rating system that measures how green a building is. All around the world, LEED is the standard for green buildings — offices, hospitals, schools, stores and homes. Hughes said if someone is interested in building an LEED home they should contact a sustainable residential designer like Hughes at imagedesignarch.com or contact

an LEED for Homes provider at greenhome institute.org. “Ideally before they even start to design their home they should contact someone,” Hughes said. “The earlier we can help guide their design the easier and more effective the process will be.” Hughes said LEED-certified homes are typically built 35 percent more energy-efficient than a standard built-to-code home, meaning they reduce their contribution to climate change, which is sometimes said to be one of the most pressing environmental issues. “LEED homes also are homes that reduce water usage through both indoor and outdoor, which can help reduce strained water resources,” he said. “LEED also looks at materials that have recycled content, are locally or regionally sourced and that help prevent deforestation practices in the southern hemisphere.” According to the USGBC, LEED homes must meet 18 mandatory measures, then earn enough optional points to reach certification. Higher-scoring homes within the LEED rating system can earn higher certification levels –– silver, gold, platinum –– but every LEED home sets an example of the best sustainable living, according to the USGBC. The USGBC said LEED is everywhere, because saving energy, water, resources and money are good for the environment and the pocketbook. Hughes said there are 1,122 units in more than 430 separate single and multi-family housing projects in Michigan.

Rivers Edge Project incorporates the following features: passive solar design barrier free/lifetime design Icf (Insulated concrete form) construction agra-based foam Insulation perma log –– concrete log siding made in mio energy star metal roofing hurd energy star windows geothermal heating & cooling radiant floor heat energy recovery Ventilation (erV) programmable thermostats high-efficiency lighting fixtures led lighting throughout Zero Voc (Volatile organic compounds) paint dual flush toilets michigan-built cabinetry Integrally colored concrete floors on main level energy star appliances

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Home projects perfect for spring The rejuvenating spirit of spring makes this beloved season an ideal time for homeowners to take stock of their homes and properties and address any issues that arose during the winter. While some homes make it through winter unscathed, the harsh weather of the year's coldest season can add several tasks to homeowners' springtime to-do lists. While some projects are best left to the professionals, others can be tackled even by those homeowners with little or no DIY experience. The following are a handful of projects tailor-made for spring. Inspect the gutters Gutters tend to bear the brunt of harsh winter weather, and come spring gutters are in need of inspection if not repair. Winter winds, snow and heavy rainfall can compromise the effectiveness of gutters, which can easily accumulate debris and detach from homes during winter storms. In addition, gutters sometimes develop leaks over the winter

months. As a result, homeowners should conduct a careful inspection of their gutters come the spring, being sure to look for leaks while clearing the gutters of debris and reattaching gutters that might have become detached from the home on windy winter days and nights. When reattaching loose gutters, make sure the downspouts are draining away from the foundation, as gutters that are not draining properly can cause damage to that foundation and possibly lead to flooding. take stock of roof shingles Much like its gutters and downspouts, a home's roof can suffer significant damage over the course of a typical winter. Shingles may be lost to harsh winter winds and storms, so homeowners should examine the roof to determine if any shingles were lost (lost shingles might even be lying around the property) or suffered damage that's considerable enough to require replacement. Summer can be especially brutal on shingles, especial-

ly those that suffered significant damage during the winter. If left unchecked or unaddressed, problems with damaged shingles can quickly escalate into larger issues when spring rains and summer sun inevitably arrive, so homeowners should prioritize fixing or replacing damaged shingles as quickly as possible. Check for freeze damage Frozen temperatures can be hard on humans and homes alike, but unlike humans who can stay inside when temperatures dip below freezing, homes are forced to withstand the elements throughout the winter. External hose faucets are often susceptible to freeze damage. To inspect such faucets, turn the water on and then place a thumb or finger over the opening of the faucet. If your thumb or finger can completely stop the flow of water, the pipe where the water is coming from is likely damaged and will need to be replaced.

examine the lawn for low spots Once a lawn has thawed out, homeowners can patrol their properties looking for low spots in the yard or even low spots within spitting distance of the home's foundation. Such spots increase the likelihood of flooding. Flooding near a home's foundation increases the risk of potentially costly damage, while low spots on the lawn that go ignored can make great breeding grounds for insects, including mosquitoes, when the weather warms up. When low spots are detected, fill them in with compacted soil. Compacted soil can prevent spring rains from flooding a yard or damaging a home's foundation. Assessing potential property damage is a rite of passage for homeowners in the spring. Though some damage is significant, oftentimes even novice DIYers can work their homes and properties back into shape in time to enjoy spring and summer.

The differences between roofing materials A roof is the primary defense a home has against the elements. It provides protection against wind, rain and snow, as well as shields the interior from the blazing heat. A compromised roof cannot do its job properly. There are many different roofing materials available these days –– each of which carries with it a certain length of usefulness. Most roofs can last anywhere from 25 to 40 years, depending on the material composition. Homeowners may know it's time to replace a roof without even venturing out on the roof. Ceiling leaks or discoloration can indicate it's time to replace a roof. Check for sagging ceiling material on the top floors of the home if there is no attic. Wet or darkened wood or rusty nails in the attic could be signs. Rafters may channel leaks away from their original source, so it's best to do a thorough check anytime wetness or discoloration is evident anywhere in the home. Once the decision to install a new roof is made, homeowners must decide between the different roofing materials. Research is necessary to find a roof that will be the right price and meet the homeowner's needs. Here are common roofing materials. • Asphalt shingles: This is the type of roof most homeowners first think of when envisioning a roofing project. The threetab asphalt shingle is the most commonly used roofing material. The economic value it offers is why this roof is one of the most popular. However, even though shingles are available in many different colors, homeowners seeking something unique may want to select a different roofing option. • Architectural shingle: Similar to an

asphalt shingle, the architectural shingle is made to be thicker and the layers are staggered to give the roof a more architectural look. These shingles are only slightly more expensive than asphalt shingles, which still makes them a good value. • Wood shakes and shingles: Instead of asphalt, wood makes an ideal roofing material that's also pleasing to the eye. Over time wood will weather to different shades, which can help the home blend in with the environment. Wood shakes can be expensive to install, and will require periodic cleaning to remove mildew or moss, and may need re-oiling for preservation. There are also "fake" wood shingles that are made of composite materials that may offer the look of wood without the maintenance. • Slate: This hard, stone material is very strong and sheds snow and ice very well, which is why it was often used on homes in the northeast. However, the weight of slate, which requires a more substantial roof structure, and the cost make it less popular among today's homeowners. • Metal: This material is an ideal choice for industrial applications or on agricultural or country homes where snow is frequent. A metal roof can range from relatively inexpensive galvanized steel to lofty copper that is pricey. A properly installed metal roof could last 50 years, which makes it a good value. • Ceramic: Ceramic tile roofs may be among the most expensive due to the craftsmanship and the installation required for these heavy tiles, but their life expectancy is 60 to 80 years. Chances are

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Explore the alternatives to granite countertops Granite has long been a popular countertop material for homeowners looking to combine functionality with aesthetic appeal in their kitchens. But granite is no small investment, and homeowners looking to refurbish their kitchens should know there are a multitude of countertop materials available to those working on a budget or those who simply want to give their kitchens a different look. • Solid wood: Wood countertops create a warm, homey interior. Butcher block counters are less expensive than granite and do not necessarily need to be ordered from a speciality retailer. But wood can stain and dent and can even burn when hot kitchen-

ware is placed atop it. Regular application of oil can help homeowners maintain the appearance of their wood counters for years to come. • Marble: Marble tends to be less expensive than granite without sacrificing aesthetic appeal. However, marble is softer and more porous than granite, so it can stain and be etched. Diligence in wiping away spills, routine sealing and a gentle touch is necessary for those who choose marble countertops. • Soapstone: This is a natural stone composed mainly of mineral talc that gives the stone its smooth feel. Soapstone ranges from

• Glass: Glass countertops are back-painted, so homeowners can order just about any color they want. Glass will be tempered, so it is safe and heat-resistant. Glass can scratch, though, so it is not as impervious as other materials.

black to gray but can sometimes have a green shade to it. Other materials in the stone can produce veining. Although softer than granite, soapstone is still high-density and will hold up well. It's impervious to stains and bacteria, and exposure to chemicals will not damage it.

• Concrete: Concrete is another material that can be colored to match homeowners' whims. Concrete is relatively inexpensive compared to other countertop materials, but it can crack or chip. While granite is a popular countertop material, homeowners who want something new have many additional options at their disposal.

• Quartz: Quartz is a manufactured product made of stone aggregate and polymers compressed under high pressure. It has the look of natural stone but requires less work to maintain. Quartz has consistent colors and patterns and is a nonporous material, so it will not need routine sealing and resealing.

Roofing: Understanding the different types can be beneficial FroM PAGe 12 you'll only have to do this type of installation once in a lifetime. Many people are drawn to ceramic roofs because of their beauty. They are commonly found on Mediterranean-style homes in warm climates. Most tiles

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Simple sustainable gardening tips

Moving tips and preparing for the move • have a garage sale. some moves go by weight and mile. don’t move what you don’t need. • get organized now. don’t wait until the last minute. make a list of things you need to do and when. • make sure you are ready for the packers and movers. don’t forget to do the laundry, wash the dishes, pack your suitcases and disconnect computers, stereos and dVd and Vcr players. • set aside those items that you will be taking with you and clearly mark them as “do not pack.” • arrange to close your accounts at your local bank and open accounts in your new hometown. • obtain a change of address kit from your post office. • drain the gas and oil from all your power equipment. • schedule house cleaning and other home services for the day after loading. • have your utilities shut off the day after loading. • make your travel arrangement for the day after loading. In case of weather delays or other unforeseen problems, you wouldn’t want to miss a flight or other travel-related appointments. • before the moving truck leaves for your destination, make sure the driver has your phone numbers and you have the driver’s name and number as well. • be aware of items that cannot be moved with the mover. these items include: • flammable or combustible items • aerosol cans • hazardous materials • gasoline • live plants • paints • ammunitions and explosives • Jewelry • legal documents tIps

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Sustainability is a concept that can be applied to many facets of life, and gardening is no exception. Sustainable gardening involves preserving and protecting resources, which can benefit us both in the present and in the future. Sustainability is especially applicable to gardening, and the following are a handful of ways green thumbers can embrace sustainability in their gardens. • Choose to water more effectively. Oscillating sprinklers may harken today's gardeners back to the carefree days of their childhoods when they would run through the sprinklers in their parents' yards. But such sprinklers can lose substantial amounts of water to evaporation. When designing an irrigation plan for your lawn and garden, use drip irrigation or soaker hoses to conserve water. If you must use sprinklers, make sure they are not shooting water too high, as wind can blow the water away from the yard where it belongs, and be sure to position them so no water is landing on sidewalks, the driveway or the street. • Add mulch to flower and plant beds. Many a gardener has gone to bed with a beautiful garden only to return in the ensuing days and see flower and plant beds littered with weeds. Mulch is perhaps best known for helping flower and plant beds retain moisture, but mulch also prevents the growth of weeds. Preventing weed growth means your water is going to the plants and flowers you intended it for and not to greedy and unsightly weeds. Preventing weed growth also reduces your use of poten-

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tially harmful pesticides to curtail the growth of weeds. • Develop a compost pile. Compost is made up of decayed organic material, and it can be used as a fertilizer. Gardeners can make their own compost piles at home, providing valuable minerals and nutrients for their lawns, without having to rely on store-bought amendments that need to be produced, packaged and transported before they can make it onto the shelves in your local lawn and garden center. • Choose native plants. A garden filled with exotic plants and flowers may be stunning, but unless those plants are native to where you live, that beauty is coming at a steep price. When choosing plants for your garden, choose native plants that are fully capable of thriving in your local climate. Non-native plants are likely to need excessive watering and other less sustainable attention that native plants do not need. • Plant with a plan. When planting trees around your property, plant them in locations that can reduce your reliance on air conditioning in the warmer months. Plant a tree in a place where it will help to shade common areas inside your home so such rooms are comfortable without the air conditioner cranking all day long. You can go one step further and plant deciduous trees that will shed their leaves when the weather gets cold, ensuring that sunlight you want to keep out in the summer can get in and warm up the house in the winter, reducing the amount of energy needed to heat your home.

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Secrets to keeping an organized shed Despite other intentions, homeowners often turn their garages into storage centers for random, little-used items, leaving little to no room for the tools and even vehicles that actually belong in a garage. Such homeowners may turn to sheds to store their garage overflow and keep yard equipment at the ready, but storage sheds are not immune to clutter, and homeowners may find the very structure erected to keep them organized requires a bit of organization itself. A well-organized shed can save homeowners time and energy, as it's easy to abandon or delay a project if you can't find that pair of work gloves you stashed. The first step to any organizing project is to take everything out of the shed and determine just what needs to go back in. Items that do not belong in the shed should be moved to their rightful locations or tossed in the trash if they're no longer needed. Make a pile of anything that will be kept, a separate one for donations and a third for garbage. Take inventory of what you have so you know whether you're missing any items or you have something and do not need to purchase another. Now that the entire shed is empty, you can assess just how much room you have. Utilizing vertical and overhead space effectively can free up areas on the floor for larger equipment. Shelving, racks, pegboards and any other

materials that enable you to hang or store items off the floor are good investments. Visit your nearby home improvement retailer to find items that can simplify your storage. You also may be able to put scrap wood to use to make your own storage

shelves or a work bench. Extra kitchen cabinets can be installed in the shed to organize additional items. In order to remember where items go, label or sort them accordingly. Some people like to take organization a step further

by tracing the outline of tools hung on the wall so they can be placed back in the same spot after use. This also serves as a visual reminder of which tools are missing and which ones need to be purchased. Don't forget to utilize shed doors as additional storage space. Hang frequently used tools, such as rakes and shovels, on the inside of the doors so they will always be easily accessible. You also can repurpose storage solutions designed for other areas of the home. For example, magnetic knife holders can be mounted to a shed wall to keep paintbrushes organized. These holders also can be used to keep many small metal tools tidy. Metal funnels can hold twine and string. Thread through the narrow end of the funnel for a handy dispenser. Keep dangerous substances off the floor and out of reach. Gasoline, chemical fertilizers and other potentially dangerous substances should be stored high up to keep pets and children safe. Make sure the shed floor is sturdy and level. This makes it easier to neatly store larger items. Roll in the lawnmower, wheelbarrow and any other cumbersome items. Now that more things are mounted vertically, you should find that you have more area to move around. Taking the time to clean and organize a shed can help make anyone more productive.

Add value to your home with these renovations Homeowners choose renovation projects for a variety of reasons. Although many improvements are made to increase functionality and comfort of a home, several others are seen as worthwhile investments. These investments can add up to a higher resale value when the time comes to sell a home. Certain projects have a history of providing a greater return on homeowners' investments than others. The following renovation tips can add beauty to your home and generate great returns when you put the home up for sale. • Invest in your kitchen. Kitchen remodels are a safe bet when it comes to putting money into improving a home. Residents tend to spend a great deal of time in the kitchen, but a dated, poorly functioning kitchen can detract from the value of a home, even if the rest of the home is in good shape. It's possible to recoup between 60 and 120 percent of your kitchen remodel investment, especially if the kitchen matches up well with the rest of your home. Homeowners should know that a deluxe renovation may not be necessary, as relatively moderate improvements can create a whole new look for a kitchen.

• Look to paint. One of the least expensive improvement materials, but one that has a significant impact, is paint. Neutral, modern colors can easily liven up any space. If you paint with low-VOC paint, you also can advertise an eco-friendly home, which is very desireable these days. • Put in another bathroom. Multiple bathrooms are an attractive selling point, particularly in older homes that may not have been equipped with more than one bathroom. Finding extra space for a bathroom can be tricky, but consider closets, areas under stairs or even taking some space away from another room. Popular home-improvement television channel HGTV advises that half-bathrooms require at least 18 square feet of space, while full baths need 30 to 35 square feet for a stand-up shower or bathtub. • Renovate the HVAC system. Aesthetic improvements aren't the only ones that add value to a home. Many home buyers are eager to purchase a home that has a new heating and cooling system, as

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Air Conditioning Supplies ¥ Water Pump & Tank Systems ¥ Water Heaters Dean Proulx, Owner 2911 McLarty Rd. Licensed Master Plumber Standish, MI Licensed Mechanical Contractor 989-846-4651

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page 20 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

Weed out gardening myths from facts Gardening is an age-old activity that was once a necessity but has transformed into a hobby for thousands of people. While gardening still serves practical purposes, many gardeners still consider it a hobby first and foremost. Time-tested gardening techniques have prevailed, but there remain certain myths about gardening that are best dispelled. The following are some of the more common myths associated with gardening. • MYTH: Compost tea is more effective than traditional compost. All over North America and the United Kingdom, gardeners have jumped on board the compost tea bandwagon. Compost tea is a fertilizer created by steeping compost in water mixed with sugar in brewing kits. The mixture is allowed to sit and aerate to encourage beneficial organism growth before it is sprayed on plants. According to supporters, compost tea suppresses disease and boosts plant yields. However, there is no evidence to suggest that compost tea works any better than adding

compost in its normal state to the soil. In fact, leaving buckets of the "tea" around to ferment could actually create a breeding ground for E. coli and other bacteria. • MYTH: Plants under stress should be fertilized. This is not the case. Horticulturists advise that fertilizing plants that are not deficient in nutrients can actually add to existing stress levels for plants. Plants are not often stressed by a lack of food, but rather heat, faulty planting or space constraints. A fed plant will use the energy to absorb the nutrients instead of defending against a blight or establishing better root systems. • MYTH: Young trees need stakes. It may be tempting to stake that little sapling to protect it against the weather and strong winds, but doing so may actually work against the foundling tree. Staking trees to inhibit swaying may not stimulate the tree to grow thicker, lower trunks that will help the tree in the long run. The Royal Horticultural Society recommends that saplings be staked for around one year and then have the stakes removed to

encourage the tree to be strong and stable on its own. • MYTH: Water droplets and sunshine lead to burnt leaves. Gardeners have been told to resist watering their plants during the hottest times of the day. Many assume it's because water droplets lying on leaves will magnify the sun's rays and burn the leaves. According to Dr. Gabor Horvath at the Eoetvoes University in Budapest, water droplets will rarely damage plants because the drops are too close to the leaves to cause burning before they evaporate. Watering during the hottest points of the day is not advised because water evaporates and gets wasted. • MYTH: Sand added to clay soil makes it looser and better for plants. Clay soil is a deterrent to gardening because it can be so hard to dig and difficult to cultivate, but some feel it's best to add sand to the clay to make it a better soil mixture. You would need a great deal of sand to do this in the right manner, but many gardeners simply dig a hole, add sand and hope for the best. However, water runoff

will pool in the sand and not be absorbed by the clay, potentially causing the plants to drown. • MYTH: Adding compost or potting soil to the planting hole for a tree or shrub is beneficial. Gardeners frequently add compost or potting soil to the hole where the root ball of a tree or shrub will be placed. But this encourages the roots to grow only in this nutrientrich area, rather than spreading throughout the landscape to form a stronger and more durable root system. If you are going to amend the soil, do so evenly across the landscape. • MYTH: Use gravel or rocks in the bottom of planting containers to improve drainage. Rocks and gravel can actually impede the growth of plants and take away space for roots to grow. The drainage may be affected as well, as water will sit above the gravel or stones and saturate the roots. Stick with plain soil for better drainage results. A variety of gardening myths still prevail. Over time, behaviors can be changed if gardeners learn to separate myths from facts.

Renovations: Add value to your home FroM PAGe 18 buyers understand that furnaces and air conditioning units are substantial investments that can last for years. Other improvements, such as adding attic insulation or replacing older windows and doors with more energy-efficient options, also are smart bets. ·• Add illumination to rooms. A dark home is a dreary home. Adding light can mean including more overhead and accent lighting. Under-cabinet task lighting is a nice touch. Inclusion of skylights and sun tubes can bring natural light into rooms that may

not have south- or west-facing windows. • Put a deck addition outdoors. Outdoor living spaces have become more desirable, especially as the "staycation" has grown in popularity. Decks and patios can make backyards more appealing. The scope of your investment will depend on the size of the deck and design. Doing the work yourself can cut the cost of decks in half, but only if you have the specific tools or experience to tackle such a project. • Improve curb appeal.

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Adding attractive landscaping and freshening up the entryway to a home can add considerable value to your home, as buyers judge homes by their exteriors. Completely renovated interiors may never be seen if buyers pass up your home because of a less attractive exterior. Classy, subtle changes, like well-placed shrubbery and a green lawn, can work wonders. An inviting front door and well-lit entryway also add curb appeal to a home. Before making improvements, homeowners should determine if a given project will provide a solid return on their investment.

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april 2015 –– Home Improvement — page 21

Simple ways to childproof your home Bringing a new baby home from the hospital is a great moment for parents. But as a child settles into his or her new home, parents look around that home and see less "home" and more "hazard." Kids are going to get some bumps and bruises along the way, but it's still important that parents childproof their homes to keep such instances to a minimum and ensure that trips and falls don't lead to something far worse than just some scrapes and tears. Childproofing a home is typically more difficult for first-time parents who don't have the trained eye for hazard spots that parents of one or more children feel is second nature. But a practical approach to childproofing a home can keep kids safe and let parents rest easy knowing their youngsters are safe. The following are just

a handful of the many ways parents can make their homes safer for newborns and young children. • Turn down the water heater. Young children are susceptible to burns from hot water, even if that water temperature is perfectly fine for the rest of the family. Mayo Clinic recommends setting the temperature on the hot water heater to below 120 F and installing antiscald devices on bathtubs and showerheads. In addition, always test the water before your child gets into the tub. • Store potentially dangerous household items high up. Childproof locks on cupboards and drawers can be an effective deterrent to curious babies, but parents should never underestimate just how inquisitive some youngsters can be. To safeguard especially curious kids from their

own behaviors, always store potentially harmful household items in high cabinets that little boys and girls won't be able to reach. Knives, household cleaners and scissors are just a few items that should be stored well beyond kids' reach until they have clearly demonstrated they can handle such objects without cause for concern. • Remove magnets from the refrigerator. Small magnets on a refrigerator often fall off when doors are open or closed. Babies or toddlers can easily find such magnets, which then become a choking hazard. Kids should not be in the kitchen anyway, but curious kids have a way of finding their way into rooms parents try to make off-limits, so it's better to be safe than sorry. • Secure flat-screen televisions. The televisions of yesteryear were so heavy that

many adults couldn't even move them without help. Not so for today's flat-screen televisions, which are not only lightweight but also easily tipped over thanks to their often top-heavy structure. Such televisions should be mounted to the wall or kept high off the ground where kids can't reach them. Televisions that aren't wall-mounted or those that are close to the ground are far more likely to tip over when curious kids go exploring. • Keep cribs away from the window. Cribs should never be kept near a window, where cords hanging from blinds present a choking hazard. In addition, cribs located too close to a window can expose babies to the elements, potentially upsetting their rest and making them susceptible to sunburn.

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page 22 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

Options abound when laying a new driveway A driveway is more than just a place to park your car. The right driveway material can add considerable curb appeal to your home, increasing its resale value along the way. Homeowners have many options at their disposal when choosing a driveway material, and the right material for one home may not be the best fit for another. The following is a rundown of popular driveway surfaces and what homeowners can expect of each of them. Brick Many homeowners believe brick driveways provide the most aesthetic appeal, and it's hard to argue with the beauty of brick driveways and walkways. Brick driveways come in various colors and hues, and many homeowners opt to have the color of their brick driveways match their landscaping, which further adds to curb appeal. But that curb appeal is only appealing if the driveway is designed and installed correctly, and homeowners can expect to pay a premium for that, as brick driveway installation is very labor-intensive. gravel Gravel driveways may not be as commonplace as they once were, but this cost-effective driveway material is still an option. Homeowners who live in regions with mild winters without snow might benefit most from gravel driveways, which can be difficult to negotiate when shoveling snow. Gravel tends to be the least expensive driveway material to install, but professionals may recom-

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mend that a new top layer of gravel be laid once or twice a year to replace material lost to wind and everyday usage. asphalt Asphalt remains a popular driveway material, thanks in large part to its practicality and ease of installation. Unlike other driveway surface materials, asphalt is available in just one color, black, and that lack of versatility has led many homeowners to consider other options. But asphalt remains an affordable driveway surface material that's relatively easy to repair. Cracks and holes in asphalt are somewhat common, but resealing such blemishes once every three to five years is typically enough to maintain the appearance of an asphalt driveway. Concrete Concrete driveways are popular for their affordability and aesthetic appeal. Concrete can be susceptible to extremely cold weather, but many homeowners prefer concrete because of its versatility. Concrete can be stamped or dyed to provide a unique look, which can increase curb appeal. Concrete can be expensive to maintain, particularly when the material cracks. In addition, gas and oil spills are more noticeable on a concrete surface than other driveway surface materials. When replacing an existing driveway, homeowners have an array of new surface materials to choose from, and each material has its pros and cons.

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april 2015 –– Home Improvement — page 23

How to identify septic tank problems When septic systems are working properly, homeowners seldom give them any thought. However, if there is a problem with a septic system, things can get messy and expensive very quickly. The key to keeping septic systems running smoothly is prevention. Septic systems are installed in homes that do not have direct access to municipal sewer lines. Septic systems are typically found in rural homes or in towns that may not have the resources for extensive sewer piping. While a properly designed septic system can be trouble-free, maintenance is still essential. Because septic systems tend to be out of sight and out of mind, homeowners

can forget about them. But ignoring your septic system can cause problems in the future. How does a septic system work? Most septic systems have two main components: where the waste enters from the house and breaks down and a filtering system where the waste water exits into the ground. Waste travels from toilets and sinks to the septic tank, where natural bacteria help break down the waste. Then the remaining water flows out through a filter into the surrounding ground. Identifying problems Septic system problems occur when waste doesn't properly break down, leading to system backups.

At the least, you may notice odors coming from the drains or toilets in your home. Or you may realize that sinks aren't draining properly or toilets are not flushing with the right amount of power. At the worst, toilets and the septic tank itself may overflow. Outdoors you may notice soggy grass around the septic drain. Grass in one part of the leach field area may even be greener than in other areas. Each of these signs could indicate a septic system problem. What causes problems? The main culprits in septic system problems are blockages that cause the system to overflow or back up into the home. Septic tanks need to be pumped out at regular

intervals. A professional inspection is also necessary. Flushing or putting difficult-todegrade items into the system also can cause problems. Be sure to heed the following: • Do not flush non-biodegradable items down the toilet or sink drains. Cotton balls or plastic can clog the system. • Do not pour cooking oil or grease down the sink drain. • Limit the amount of food particles that enter the system. • Set up a regular maintenance schedule to keep the system working. •Advise guests as to what is and is not allowed to go down the drain. Those without septic systems may be unaware.

Dos and Don’ts of maintaining your septic system Do: Do: Do: Do: Do: Do: Do:

regularly inspect and maintain your septic system pump your septic tank every 3-5 years be water-wise direct water from land and roof drains away from the drainfield landscape with love keep septic tank lids easily accessible contact a certified professional to repair your system

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page 24 — Home Improvement –– april 2015

Sealing a driveway can extend its life Installing an asphalt or a concrete driveway can be an expensive undertaking. To preserve the fresh, new look of the driveway, have the driveway sealed and then routinely seal it to keep it looking pristine. A good sealant can keep a driveway looking new longer and also can rejuvenate the appearance of an older driveway. Sealant can be compared to car wax. It provides an outer coating that will repel stains, stop UV rays from fading the driveway and help to protect against cracks and driveway degradation. Over time, asphalt driveways will begin to fade in color and the stone and rocks used in the asphalt mix will appear more prominent. By sealing the driveway, a homeowner can maintain its original dark color. Another reason to seal a driveway is to reduce the chance of freeze-thaw damage. This type of damage results when water penetrates the surface of the driveway and then expands as it freezes. The expansion can cause cracks and fissures, as well as compromise the soil underneath the driveway, making it sink or become unstable. Sealed driveways help to keep water beading on the surface of the driveway, rather than being absorbed into the driveway material. When

water no longer beads on the driveway, this is often an indicator that the driveway needs to be resealed. There are some guidelines to follow when sealing driveways. When starting, sealant should not be applied immediately after the driveway is poured. Concrete needs to cure for a period of up to one month before sealant should be applied. Fresh asphalt contains oils that eventually evaporate. The oils are what makes fresh asphalt pliable and soft. Once these oils evaporate, the asphalt gets harder and more durable. Sealers can prevent evaporation and may make the asphalt permanently soft. After the initial base application of sealant, the driveway should only be sealed every two to three years, depending on its condition. Sealants are just coatings, and adding too many layers can cause the sealant coatings to crack and peel away. Sealing a driveway is a labor-intensive process that's best left to professionals. These professionals have the knowledge of technique and the right tools to get an even, thin coating of sealant. Remember, a driveway should not be walked or driven on for a minimum of 24 hours after sealant is applied.

Weather conditions also can influence the amount of time it takes for the driveway to cure. Having the driveway sealed prolongs its

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durability and appearance. It also can make the driveway less prone to staining and cracking, making this project a sound investment.

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april 2015 –– Home Improvement — page 25

Moving out Why utilizing a moving company may be right for you By Sherry Barnum Moving is the second most stressful event in a person’s life, the first being the death of a family member or friend, according to Make Way Move All consultant Cindy Poirier. “That is why Make Way Move All is here to eliminate the stress that comes with moving,” she said. “We are the leading moving company in North Eastern, North Central Michigan and its surrounding area and we provide local moving, moving within the state and state to state.” Poirier said Make Way Move All provides packing, moving, load and unload assistance. “Also help can be arranged for moving furniture within the homes,” she said. “We sell packing material. We can provide delivery of the packing material at no charge if using Make Way Move All for their moving needs.” Poirier said another important part of their business is that they have a storage facility located behind our office for those who need to store items short or long term. “Sometimes the need arises when a person needs to move before they have their destination home,” Poirier said. “We appreciate at least a two-week notice when someone is sched-

Free Estimates

uling their move date.” Poirier said a local move is priced by the amount of time and any move over 40 miles is by weight and mileage. Poirier said using a moving company will make moving more convenient, eliminate mental and physical stress, incur less to no damage to the furniture and personal belonging, save time and in many instances, will save money. “When people don’t have us move them, many mistakes happen,” she said. “Such as not being organized, not being prepared on the day of the move, not using boxes uniform in sizes, boxes not getting packed correctly, boxes without lids, using the wrong tape on a box will not hold lid closed, using garbage bags, packing flammable and combustible items, and not sorting things that you no longer want before the day of the move.” Poirier said important questions to ask before hiring a moving company are: is the company licensed, is the company insured, how long has the company been in business for, can the company provide references, has the company ever won any rewards, can they guarantee a specific delivery date and is the company a member of the Better Business Bureau?

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page 26 — april 2015 –– Home Improvement

How to close up a fireplace for the season A roaring fireplace on a chilly day provides a welcome, aesthetically appealing respite from the cold. Fireplaces are typically used throughout winter, but when spring rolls around, many homeowners no longer feel the need to light a fire. As fireplace season winds down, homeowners can take the following steps to close their fireplaces for the warm-weather seasons ahead. Begin the cleanup Repeatedly lighting fires results in an accumulation of ash and residual wood debris. Clean out what you can by hand and discard the soot. To conduct a more thorough cleaning, use a high-powered garage vacuum to clear out any remaining ashes from crevices and other parts of the firebox. Hire a chimney sweep A fully functioning fireplace chimney should be swept annually by a certified chimney sweep. He or she will remove soot and any creosote from the inside of the chimney. Creosote is highly flammable and can cause considerable damage if it catches fire. A professional chimney sweeping also reduces the amount of dirt and odor that will continue to enter a home after the fireplace has been retired for the season. Damp spring weather can moisten soot trapped in a chimney, causing it to smell. Cleaning and deodorizing can help keep rooms fresh. ask for an inspection Ask a chimney sweep to inspect your

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Close the damper Homeowners should close the dampers on wood-burning fireplaces when closing their fireplaces for the season. Doing so prevents animals from making nests inside the chimney and possibly gaining entry into your home. Closing the damper also makes the home more efficient by not letting air escape through the chimney. Those with gas fireplaces should leave the damper open at all times to prevent a gas buildup in the home in the case of a gas leak. However, homeowners may want to extinguish the pilot light for a gas fireplace in the spring to reduce energy usage. make it attractive Some homeowners choose to dress up a fireplace to make it look more appealing in the offseason. Flowers, plants, candles or decorative accents can be placed in the firebox to add style to a home. When closing a fireplace for the season, homeowners can benefit from hiring a professional to ensure everything is done correctly and the fireplace will be in top shape and ready to warm everyone up next winter.

but also through the environment. When a home environment negatively affects this flow, believers in feng shui feel this can lead to health problems, financial troubles or domestic strife. This is why feng shui adherents do not allow clutter to accumulate in their homes, as they feel clutter can stagnate energy flow. In addition, feng shui adherents avoid homes with long, dark hallways or poorly lit staircases, as they feel such areas negatively affect the flow of energy in a home.

Feng shui is the practice of arranging a home or office environment so energy flows gently and smoothly throughout the building. Many homeowners adhere to elements of feng shui, the origins of which date back several thousand years, in an attempt to create a positive environment that is free of stress. The basis for feng shui is that everything in a given environment has an energy known as "chi." Proponents of feng shui believe chi not only flows through the body

Hearth of the Home Fireplace Shop

chimney in addition to cleaning it. A sweep can look for leaks and cracks, and he or she should also look at the flashing system and rain cap, which can prevent water infiltration. You don't want to learn your chimney is in poor shape during a heavy spring rainfall. Ask that the pipes, brickwork and damper also be checked for functionality and good repair.

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april 2015 –– Home Improvement — page 27

Stay safe when cleaning gutters Come the fall, when trees start to shed their leaves and winds pick up in advance of winter, gutters can easily become clogged with all sorts of debris. When clogged gutters are not cleaned out, a host of potentially costly issues can result, making gutter cleaning an essential autumn chore no homeowner should ignore. Fully functioning gutters direct water away from the structure of a home and into nearby drainage systems. When clogged, gutters cannot direct that water away, and the result is often costly water damage to the home's foundation. Water that is not directed away may find its way into the basement of a home, causing issues with flooding and mold. But clogged gutters also prevent water from leaving a roof, possibly leading to costly roof repairs and damage to the roof that can put a home's inhabitants in danger. When snowfall accumulates on a roof, melting snow needs to make its way off the roof via the gutters. If those gutters are clogged with debris leftover from the fall, roof damage, including leaks, is more likely to occur. Clogged gutters also make a welcome haven for unwelcome pests, including rodents and insects. In the warmer months, clogged gutters may make an inviting home to mosquitoes and other pesky insects, while rodents may seek the warmth of clogged gutters when temperatures dip to near or below freezing. Cleaning gutters is not that complicated, and many homeowners can clear their gutters of debris in a typical weekend afternoon. But the ease of cleaning gutters should not overshadow the safety risks homeowners take when climbing a ladder to clear out their gutters. The following are a few safety tips for homeowners to keep in mind when cleaning their gutters. • Wear appropriate clothing. Loose-fitting clothing should not be worn when cleaning gutters. Such attire is a tripping hazard and can easily compromise your balance by catching on the gutter or ladder as you reach to remove debris. Wear clothing that does not hang off of you and choose pants that do not fall below your sneakers. Pants that might be a little long in the leg can catch under your feet as you climb the ladder, momentarily costing you your balance and possibly leading to a fall. When choosing footwear, avoid old sneakers or work boots without much traction, opting instead for footwear that easily

grips each rung of the ladder. • Don't forget safety gear. Many people forget to wear safety gear when cleaning their gutters. Such forgetfulness increases your risk of injury. When cleaning gutters, always remember to wear work gloves, which can protect your hands as you dig into gutters. Should you reach into a gutter without gloves on and grab something sharp, not only will you be cut but also you may be so startled that you lose your balance and fall off the ladder. In addition to work gloves, wear a dust mask and safety goggles when cleaning gutters to prevent debris from getting into your mouth and eyes. • Work with a partner. Cleaning gutters alone is a recipe for potentially devastating injury. Even if you are not afraid of heights, scaling a ladder is not something to take lightly. Ladders can be shaky, especially on brisk autumn afternoons when the

See Gutters, 28

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page 28 — april 2015 –– Home Improvement

Get the 411 on flooring Choosing the right flooring for a home is no small task. Flooring is expensive, so homeowners want to make the best decision possible so their choice of flooring is not one they regret and ultimately replace in the years to come. When choosing flooring for their homes, many homeowners are overwhelmed by the options at their disposal. Each type of flooring can look great in its own way, which is why homeowners may struggle to find the right fit for their homes. Educating yourself about flooring is a great way to make the process of choosing your next floor much less overwhelming and more enjoyable. The following are some of the more popular flooring options you will no doubt encounter as your search for a flawless floor begins. Hardwood Nearly everyone is familiar with hardwood floors, which are durable, warm and a favorite of homeowners aiming for a traditional look. Homes with open floor plans often benefit from hardwood flooring, as it creates the feeling of continuity that homeowners hope to achieve with open floor plans. Various species, including oak, maple and cherry, of hardwood flooring are available, and they typically vary in price, with more exotic imported options carrying hefty price tags. More traditional hardwood flooring is less expensive, and solid wood flooring can be

refinished several times to increase its lifespan. engineered wood Engineered wood is less susceptible to temperature changes and humidity than solid wood, and some new varieties of engineered wood include substrates made from recycled wood fiber and stone dust, which may appeal to ecofriendly homeowners. Men and women who want to install their own floors may prefer engineered wood, which is now available in selflocking parquet or plank squares that can be installed without using glue or nails. Bamboo Bamboo is another flooring alternative that's popular among eco-conscious homeowners, as it comes from plants that regenerate quickly and is therefore considered a sustainable material. Bamboo flooring is made of strands of bamboo that are glued together, forming engineered planks or solid strips. Bamboo flooring is strong and able to resist the negative effects of fluctuating humidity, which include swelling and contraction. Many people prefer the fresh, bright feel of bamboo flooring. Laminate Laminate flooring is among the less expensive flooring materials to buy and install. Homeowners who purchase laminate flooring

have an array of options to choose from, and floating laminate flooring systems can be installed over existing floors without glue or nails. Some feel laminate flooring is indistinguishable from real wood, but the plastic coating that makes up the top layer of laminate flooring is often a giveaway that the floors are laminate and not real wood. Similar in construction to engineered wood, laminate flooring differs because its top layer is a photographic imprint on the face of each board, whereas engineered wood is made up of real hardwood veneer attached to several layers of plywood. Cork Cork is another sustainable flooring material that's a favorite among homeowners looking to

make their homes more eco-friendly. The appearance of cork floors is unlike many flooring materials, as it is speckled thanks to unusual grain patterns of the trees from which it is harvested. Cork flooring is popular in kitchens and bathrooms because cork tiles have a naturally nonslip surface that makes areas of a home where floors get wet safer. Cork flooring may need to be resealed every few years to guard against stains and potential moisture issues. Flooring choices vary greatly, and it's easy for homeowners to become overwhelmed by all of the options at their disposal. But taking time to understand each of those options can make the process of choosing a floor that much more fun.

Mole problem? Myths and facts on how to rid your lawn of moles By Sherry Barnum When you look out your front window, what do you see? Smooth green grass or mounds of dirt pushed up by moles living underground? Have you tried everything you can to get rid of them and it seems like they aren’t going away? According to Mike Berg from Berg’s Animal and Bug Control of Rose City, the only way to truly get rid of moles is to trap them. “Some of the things I’ve heard of people using to get rid of moles are juicy fruit, broken glass, kitty litter, moth balls, garden hoses and pitchforks and things that you put in the ground that vibrate that are supposed to scare them away, when in fact they come up to it and go around it,” Berg said. “From my experience I haven’t seen any of that stuff work.”

Berg said a mole’s life expectancy is up to two years and they live in lawns, gardens, wetlands and around ponds and streams. “They eat just about anything,” he said. “They are carnivores, herbivores and insectivores, which means they eat earthworms, grubs, insects, roots and slugs.” Berg said moles have up to seven young and live in the north typically. “They have one litter per year and their breeding season is now, February through May,” he said. “The biggest myth I hear people say is that if they kill all the grubs in their yard that will get rid of the moles,” Berg said. “And although grubs are moles’ favorite foods, they eat just as many earthworms as they do grubs. So the nicer you keep your yard, the more it attracts the moles because they follow the earthworms.”

Berg said moles are deep in the ground; they don’t hibernate and they stay active all year round. “If we get an early snow without a lot of frost and if the snow doesn’t go deep, when the snow melts you will see all types of mounds because they were active all winter,” he said. Berg said he has also heard people say that they put stuff in the ground to kill the grubs but they still have moles. “Just because grubs are their favorite food, it doesn’t get rid of them,” he said. “But the most effective way to get rid of moles is a good trapping program, whether someone traps them themselves or they hire a professional.” And Berg said the sooner you call a professional, the better.

Gutters: Keep safety in mind when cleaning out gutters this spring FroM PAGe 27 wind kicks up. Working with a partner when cleaning gutters ensures someone is below you to hold the ladder steady in case of a stiff wind or if your jostling unintentionally shakes the ladder. Working with a partner also means someone is there to seek help should you fall off the ladder or

suffer another type of injury that requires medical attention. • Use a trowel instead of your hands. Digging into the gutter with your hands, even if those hands are covered by gloves, is an unnecessary risk that can leave you susceptible to injury. When cleaning the gutters, dig out the debris with a trowel. • Dump debris below into a large

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garbage can. When cleaning the gutter, do not carry a bucket with you to the top of the ladder. Carrying something as you climb up a ladder only increases your risk of injury. In addition, a bucket full of debris placed at the top of a ladder may tip over and compromise your balance. When dumping the debris you dig out with your trowel, dump it into a large garbage bin

below. If you miss the bin every now and again, you can always sweep up after the job is completed. Few homeowners look forward to cleaning their gutters. But such a task is necessary to prevent water and roof damage to your home. When cleaning the gutters, remember to place safety at the top of your priority list.

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stainless steel

Garbage Disposal Pour 1/4 cup vinegar in disposal and let sit for a couple minutes. run cold water in disposal and turn on disposal to clean.

mix one tablespoon vinegar to 16 ounces of water and pour in a spray bottle. spray on a microfiber cloth and wipe clean. Vinegar can also be applied to stainless without dilution on a cloth.

CLeAnInG WItH

vIneGAr Hardwood Floors

Washing Machine Measure 1/2 cup vinegar and 1/2 cup water and put in your detergent drawer (for front loaders) or right in the wash basin for top loaders. run through a normal cycle. When the cycle has completed, wipe the rubber seal with a wet cloth and leave the door open to air out.

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refrigerator

equal parts water, vinegar, and rubbing alcohol, and a drop or two of dish soap. mix liquid and pour in a container with a spray bottle or put solution in a refillable spray mop container.

Mix one tablespoon vinegar to 16 ounces water and pour ina spray bottle –– spray on shelves and walls on interior of refrigerator and wipe clean. this same solution can be on the exterior of your refrigerator.

the correct ratio of water to white vinegar is 1/2 cup white vinegar to 1 gallon of warm/hot water. use with a dry mop and bucket or reduce the amount and put it in a refillable spray mop container. (If you are washing your hardwood floors, make sure they are sealed before trying this.)

tile Coffee Maker Fill coffee pot with equal parts water and vinegar. Pour in the water dispenser and run coffee pot as normal. empty water and vinegar from coffee pot and run 2-3 cycles with just water. Wipe with clean, wet dish cloth until clean. Info

Make a paste of baking soda and vinegar and scrub on scummy tile. rinse with warm water.

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CLeAnInG WItH

soap scum

sink Cleaner

natural Bleach

LeMons Lemon Juice salt Mix to a paste-like consistency. Apply to metal, scrub and rinse clean.

Cutting Boards

Cut a lemon in half and rub fruit side of lemon over soap scum. rinse and repeat if necessary until soap scum is gone.

squeeze the juice of a lemon (or 1/4 to 1/2 cup lemon juice) in a gallon of hot water. Add whites and let soak for 1-2 hours. run through the rinse cycle (or wring out) and set out in the sun to dry. Wash as usual. this is a great bleach alternative for cloth diapers, antique linens, and other delicate washables.

All-Purpose Cleaner Window Cleaner 4 cups water 1/2 cup white vinegar 1/4 cup lemon juice Mix to combine. spray on windows and mirrors and wipe clean.

1/2 cup white vinegar juice of one lemon 2 cups water Mix to combine. Pour in spray bottle. spray, wipe, clean.

1/4 cup lemon juice 1/2 cup oil –– almond, fractionated coconut, or olive lemon peels (natural essential oils)

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Garbage Disposal stinky garbage disposal? Add a couple lemon peels (cut into small pieces), run cold water and grind up the lemon peels in the garbage disposal.

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cut a lemon in half and sprinkle salt on the cut half. rub lemon and salt on cutting board to kill germs. wash as usual and allow to air dry.

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Mix to combine and keep in an airtight container for up to one week.

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page 32 — april 2015 –– Home Improvement