PRECEDENT RESEARCH
GREG LYNN SUPRASTUDIO 2013
SACRED HEART CHURCH ALLMANN SATTLER WAPPNER
BIG DOORS THE GIANT DOORS ARE MORE THAN AN ENTRANCE. THEY ARE SO BIG THAT THEY EXTEND BEYOND THE FRONT FACADE. THE EFFECTS THAT THE DOORS HAVE ON THE PLAZA ARE TOTALLY DIFFERENT WHEN THEY ARE OPEN VS. CLOSED. WHEN THE DOORS ARE SHUT, THE CUBIC SPACE IS ENCLOSED, SEPARATED FROM THE PLAZA. WHEN THEDOORS ARE OPEN, THE CUBE IS SHARING SPACE WITH THE PLAZA, THE SPACE IN FRONT OF THE GIANT DOORS OBTAINS A STRONG SENSE OF DIRECTION.
LLOYD HOTEL ATELIER VAN LIESHOUT, MVRDV 1 1
2
2
3 2 3
3
1
ROTATING SCREEN WALL THE ROOM IS SUBDIVIDED BY A “SCREEN WALL”, WHICH SERVES AS AN INDEPENDENT UNIT. LOCATED IN A COMPACT ROOM, THE MOBILE CHARACTER OF THE WALL PROVIDES VARIOUS FUNCTIONS. THE CENTRAL PART OF THE UNIT IS STABLE, THE OFF-THE-FLOOR COMPONENTS CAN BE RANDOMLY TURNED RATHER THAN BEING RESTRICTED TO SOME SPECIFIC ANGLES, IMPLYING THAT THE UNIT CAN BE DYNAMIC ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT DEMANDS OF THE USER.
INSTITUTE DU MONDE ARAB JEAN NOUVEL
SCATTERED APERTURES A FACADE IS MORE THAN AN INTERFACE BETWEEN INSIDE AND OUTSIDE. IT CONSISTS OF NUMEROUS APERTURES WHICH RESPOND TO THE INTENSITY OF LIGHT. THE MOTION OF THE FACADE CREATES TWO TYPES OF EFFECTS. FROM UP CLOSE, THE SUBTLE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EACH APERTURE IS NOT RECOGNISABLE. FROM INSIDE THE BUILDING, DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND SHADOWS HINT AT A MOTION WHICH IS NOT ONLY THE CLOSENESS AND OPENESS OF EACH APERTURE BUT ALSO SPATIAL QUALITY.
MEDIA-TIC ENRIC RUIZ-GELI
BREATHING WALLS MOTION PRODUCES A DIAGRAM OF AMBIENT CONDITIONS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY SCULPTS SPACE. THE EFFECT OF MOVEMENT IS NOT A SPECTACLE OF MECHANICAL ELEMENTS, RATHER SPACES THAT SEEM TO PHYSICALLY EXPAND AND CONTRACT. A PILLOWED FACADE FLEXES AN INTERIOR MEMBRANE IN AND OUT, AND YET PHYSICAL MOVEMENT IS ONLY PERCEIVED IN THE AIRINESS OF A SPACE, AS IT OCCURS WITHIN A CLEAR FIXED FORM. AN OCCUPANT FEELS MOTION AS A SPACE OPENS UP TO BECOME PERMEATED WITH A PRECISELY CONTROLLED AMOUNT OF LIGHT.
KA STAGE, CIRQUE DU SOLEIL MARK FISHER
DECK TO WALL ALL THAT IS EVER EVIDENT IS THE UNCERTAINTY OF A SURFACE. PERFORMANCE TAKES PLACE IN A VOID, AND WHAT COULD DURING ONE MOMENT BE A HORIZONTAL PLANE BECOMES A VERTIGINOUS WALL IN ANOTHER. PERFORMERS JUMP INTO AND OUT OF THE VOID, HOPING TO CATCH A SURFACE AT AN OPPORTUNE TIME. OTHERWISE, A DECK AS IT IS KNOWN ONE SECOND MAY SUDDENLY RETRACT TO NOTHINGNESS THE NEXT AS A SERIES OF SURFACES SHIFT AND SWIVEL OUT OF THE DARKNESS OF A STAGELESS “BACKSTAGE.”
GATESHEAD MILLENIUM BRIDGE WILKINSON EYRE ARCHITECTS
PASS-THRU AN ARTICULATED CROSSING PROVIDES BOTH UTILITY AND SPECTACLE. PEDESTRIANS MIMIC THE UP AND DOWN MOTION OF THE ROTATING FORM WHILE MAKING THEIR WAY ACROSS THE ARCHED SPAN. THE PARABOLIC FORM SWEEPS ABOUT ITS PIVOT POINT ALLOWING WATER CRAFT TO PASS THROUGH WHILE KEEPING THE PUBLIC AT BAY, AN AUDIENCE TO ITS UTILITARIAN PERFORMANCE.
GLASS SHUTTER HOUSE SHIGERU BAN
CURTAIN PARTI WALL A CLOSED VOLUME WITH AN ADJACENT ENCLOSED COURTYARD IS DIVIDED BY AN OPERABLE CURTAIN WALL. BY VERTICALLY OPENING AND CLOSING THE CURTAIN WALL IN DIFFERENT LEVELS, THE INSIDE SPACE IS EXTENDED TO THE COURTYARD AND CREATES DIFFERENT SPATIAL EXPERIENCES.
D* HOUSE D* HAUS STUDIO
INTERNAL ADJACENCIES OUTSIDE FACADES
ROTATING INSIDE - OUT PARTS OF THE HOUSE ARE HORIZONTALLY ROTATING ALONG TRACKS UNDER THE HOUSE, THE HOUSE CHANGES ITS SHAPE FROM A SQUARE TO A TRIANGLE IN ORDER TO CHANGE INTERNAL ADJACENCIES OF THE ROOMS. THIS MOTION CONVERTS INTERNAL PARTITIONS INTO OUTSIDE FACADES.
VILLA TUGENDHAT MIES VAN DER ROHE
PLAN VIEW
SECTION
CURTAIN WALL A SPACE CHANGES GRADIENTLY FROM SOLID VOLUME TO TRANSPARENT AND LIGHT MATERIALS. A WALL AT THE END OF THE GRADIENT SLIDES AWAY VERTICALLY. THIS MOTION COMPLETES THE GRADIENT, THROUGH THE ABSENCE OF MATERIAL, AS THE PUREST FORM OF TRANSPARENCY.
GRAND PALAIS PARIS MONUMENTA 2011 ANISH KAPOOR
WALKING PATHS UNDERSTANDING INFLATION
INFLATED FLOATATION INFLATED OBJECTS CLEARLY SHOW THE LITERAL MOTION OCCURRING DURING INFLATION. THE INSERTION OF A BLOB TO A LARGE SCALE SPACE CAN ADD VARIATION OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SPACES. THIS IMPLIES PHENOMENAL MOTION IN DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES WHILE WALKING AROUND THE BLOB.
PRADA TRANSFORMER OMA
FASHION EXHIBITION ART EXHIBITION CINEMA SPECIAL EVENT
TUMBLING PYRAMID A PYRAMID COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT SHAPES TO PROVIDE DIFFERENT SPATIAL POTENTIALS. THE GEOMETRY OF THE PYRAMID IMPLIES PHENOMENAL MOTION. BY ROTATING (LITERAL MOTION) AND SITUATING IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS, THE FUNCTION OF EACH SURFACE (AS AN ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT) CAN BE SHIFTED. THE FACES SHIFT FROM BEING FLOOR, CEILING AND WALL.
WYLY THEATER REX
SECTION VIEW
PERMANENT STAGE
TEMPORARY SEATING
DESCENDING BALCONY
DESCENDING BALCONY
OPEN PLAN
DESCENDING BALCONY
PRESCENIUM SEATING PLAN VIEW
DESCENDING CATWALK A SINGLE OPEN SPACE CAN BE TRANSFORMED INTO VARIOUS SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS. CATWALK BALCONY SEATING DESCENDS FROM ABOVE, CONVERTING A FREE PLAN INTO A DIRECTIONAL THEATER. SHIFTING FLOOR PLATES CAN ALTER THE SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE STAGE CONFIGURATION.
ROLLING HUTS TOM KUNDIG
DIRECTIONAL
FLOATING
DRIVING BOXES IDENTICAL ORTHAGONAL BOXES IN AN OPEN FIELD CAN BE REARRANGED INTO VARIOUS SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS. THE FLOOR PLATES ARE RAISED OFF THE GROUND TO CREATE A FLOATING SENSATION, WITH THE ROOF PLANE TILTED TO CREATE AN IMPLIED DIRECTIONALITY.
MILSTEIN HALL OMA
JACK-IN-THE-BOX PLINTH A FLAT FLOOR IN AN EMPTY VOLUME IS TRANSFORMED BY SEATING WHICH EMERGES FROM BELOW. INDIVIDUAL SEATS PIVOT UP FROM CONCEALED CAVITIES, ARRANGED IN A REGULAR GRID.
U2 360째 TOUR CHUCK HOBERMAN
DESCENDING CONE THIS OPAQUE ELEVATED CONICAL SURFACE COMPOSED OF MANY HEXAGONAL PANELS EXHIBITS A PHENOMENAL MOTION IN THE VERTICAL DIRECTION BY HINTING AT THE POSSIBLY OF EXPANSION. THE CONICAL SURFACE IN REALITY HAS THE CAPACITY TO TRANSFORM FROM A SURFACE TO A VOLUMETRIC ENCLOSURE BY EXPANDING VERTICALLY AND PRODUCING A POROUS EXTERIOR DUE TO THE SLIGHT SEPARATION OF EACH PANEL. IT ULTIMATELY ADDS AN ELEMENT OF SURPRISE AND CREATES A DYNAMIC EXTERIOR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE AUDIENCE.
SLIDING HOUSE DRMM
TELESCOPING SHED THIS RESIDENTIAL PROJECT PRODUCES A VARYING INTERIOR/EXTERIOR RELATIONSHIP BY IMPLEMENTING A SECONDARY ENCLOSURE THAT MOVES HORIZONTALLY ALONG THE LINEAR AXIS OF THE RESIDENCE. THE KINETIC ENCLOSURE EXHIBITS RESEMBLANCE TO THE LINEAR STATIC VOLUME OF THE RESIDENCE IN BOTH MASSING AND FENESTRATION. THESE SIMILARITIES PRODUCE A SENSORIAL NOTION OF THE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT. THE MOVEMENT TRANSFORMS SPACES FROM EXTERIOR TO INTERIOR AND FROM TRANSPARENT TO OPAQUE.
CULTURE SHED DILLER SCOFIDIO + RENFRO
TELESCOPING SHED THIS HIGH-RISE PROJECT REDEFINES ITS PLINTH BY IMPLEMENTING LINEAR HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT THAT DETACHES A ROOF-WALL ENCLOSURE TO ACTIVATE AN ADJACENT PUBLIC PLAZA. THE PLAZA IS TRANSFORMED FROM AN OPEN SPACE TO SHADED VOLUME; CREATING A NEW VENUE FOR URBAN SCALE EVENTS IN THE CITY. THE CLADDING ARTICULATION OF THE TOWER REVEALS THE SEAMS OF THE TELESCOPING MOTION THAT IS TAKING PLACE.
HOBERMAN ARCH HOBERMAN ASSOCIATES
DILATING WALL THE DILATION OF THE WALLS CAN TRANSFORM THE DIMENSION AND SHAPE OF THE BACKGROUND. IN THIS WAY, THE MOVEMENT AND AMOUNT OF PEOPLE ON THE PLATFORM IS CHANGED. FURTHER MORE, THE FOCUS ON THE PLATFORM IS CONVERGED OR DIVERGED.
SPERONE WESTWATER GALLERY FOSTER PARTNERS
ELEVATING ROOM THE MOTION OF THE COLORED CUBE BEHIND THE TRANSPARENT INTERFACE AND BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT PLATFORMS PROVIDES THREE ASPECTS: 1. THE HEIGHT OF THE SPACE BENEATH THE CUBE IS CHANGED. 2. THE ELEVATING CUBE CAN ACTIVATE THE PLATFORMS AND EXTENDS THE SPACE. 3. IT FORMS AN ANIMATED FACADE.
BATA’S SHOE FACTORY VLADIMIR KARFIK
ELEVATING ROOM A CUBE MOVES BETWEEN DIFFERENT PLATFORMS. THE MOVEMENT OF THE VERTICALLY ELEVATING VOLUME BETWEEN THE HORIZONTALLY STATIC LAYERS CHANGES THE SURVEILANCE OF EACH SPACE.
GARAGE DOOR SANTIAGO CALATRAVA
FOLDING CANOPY A DOOR IS COMPOSED OF PLANKS WHICH FOLD ALONG A CURVE. THE VARIOUS PIVOT POINTS OF EACH PLANK CHANGE IN HEIGHT AND CREATE THE CURVE. WHEN THE DOOR IS CLOSED, IT IS A FLAT SURFACE, WHEN IT IS OPEN, IT FORMS A CANOPY.
NAKED HOUSE SHIGERU BAN
TETRIS PLAN FOUR SMALL BOXES SLIDE FREELY IN AND OUT OF A HOUSE. DIFFERENT ARRANGEMENTS OF THE BOXES RESULT IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF OPEN SPACE WITHIN THE HOUSE WHICH CREATES MULTIPLE SPATIAL EXPERIENCES.
VILLA GIRASOLE ANGELO INVERNIZZI
TURNTABLE THE UPPER PART OF A HOUSE ROTATES ON THE TOP OF THE LOWER BASE ALONG A VERTICAL AXIS. THE ROTATION CHANGES THE LIGHT CONDITION AND THE VIEW WITHIN EACH ROOM ROTATED. THE CYLINDRICAL SHAPE OF THE BASE IMPLIES MOTION OF THE NON-CYLINDRICAL OBJECT ON THE TOP.
SUITCASE HOUSE GARY CHANG
JACK-IN-THE-BOX PLINTH A HOUSE HAS UNDERGROUND SPACES THAT CAN BE OPENED TO THE MAIN ROOM WITH DOORS AND SERVE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS. THE IMPACT OF SUCH OPENINGS ON THE CONTINUOUS HALL CAN BE SEEN IN TWO DIFFERENT WAYS. FIRST IS WHEN ALL PITS ARE CLOSED, THE ROOM SEEMS TO BE A CONTINUOUS HALL. SECOND THE ROOM’S SPATIAL CHARACTER CAN BE VARIED BY RANDOMLY OPENING PITS. ALSO THE WALKABLE AREA VARIES WHEN THE PITS ARE RANDOMLY OPENED.
SAITAMA ARENA REM KOOLHAAS, FUMINORI HOSHINO, YO YAMAGATA, THOMAS DANIELL
ARENA
EXHIBITION
THEATRE
CONCERT
GALLERY
POOL
MOVING BOX IN BOX A LARGE VOLUME PROVIDES DIFFERENT SPACES BY POSITIONING A VERTICALLY RISING AND ROTATING CUBE, FILLING AN OPENING BETWEEN THE LEVELS. THE IMPACT OF THIS MOVEMENT ON THE LARGE VOLUME HAS TWO IMPLICATIONS; FIRST, THE CONTINUITY OF THE VERTICAL EMPTY VOID IS EMPHASIZED BY THE PULLEY SYSTEM; SECOND, THE CEILING AND FLOORS ARE HIGHLIGHTED MORE THAN THE WALLS AS SPATIAL DIVISIONS.
AERIAL RESTAURANT NORMAN BEL GEDDES
REVOLVING PLATES A SPACE ON TOP OF A HIGH VERTICAL SHAFT PROVIDES VARIOUS VIEWS IN THREE HALF-CIRCULAR SHAPED VOLUMES. THE VERTICAL SHAFT IMPLIES PHENOMENAL MOTION ALONG THE VERTICAL AXES RATHER THAN ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT. ALSO THE HALF CIRCULAR FLOORS WHICH MAKE TWO SHARP POINTS IN EVERY FLOOR EMPHASIZE THE ROTATION. ON THE OTHER HAND THE GAPS BETWEEN THE FLOORS AND THEIR DECREASED VISUAL CONNECTION WITH THE SHAFT MAKES THE VISITOR THINKS THAT THE BUILDING IS ACTUALLY FLOATING IN THE AIR.
IBM PAVILION CHARLES EAMES & STUDIO SAARINEN
1
POSITION - A
2
POSITION - B
GUILLOTINE FLOOR A DIAGONALLY RISING PLATFORM TRANSPORTS SEATED PASSENGERS INTO A SUSPENDED ELLIPSODIAL DOME. A SHADE CANOPY SEPARATES THE DOME FROM THE GROUND LEVEL, AND OBSCURES THE DOME FROM BEING SEEN FROM BELLOW. AFTER SLIDING INTO THE DOME, THE INTERIOR SPACE IS ACTIVATED AND THE AUDIENCE EXPERIENCES A MULTIMEDIA SPECTACLE.
ROTOR HAUS LUIGI COLANI
ROTATING CHAMBER THE BUILDING MAINTAINS A SMALL FOOTPRINT BY WAY OF A ROTATING CHAMBER CONTAINING THREE ESSENTIAL LIVING SPACES. THE FUNCTION OF THE MOTION IS TO CHANGE THE SPACE ACCORDING TO SPECIFIC NEEDS. WITH EACH ROTATION, THE SPATIAL PERCEPTION OF THE ENTIRE ROOM ALTERS. THE NESTED NATURE OF THE CYLINDRICAL CHAMBER WITHIN A STATIC ORTHOGONAL SPACE IMPLIES MOVEMENT WHEN THE CHAMBER IS NOT IN MOTION.
ACCORDION HOUSE 24H ARCHITECTURE
1
EXPANDED VOLUME (PLAN)
2
RETRACTED VOLUME
3
SECTION
TELESCOPING VOLUME THE SPACE IS DESIGNED WITH A MOVEABLE EXTENSION WHICH CAN EXPAND OR RETRACT VOLUMETRICALLY. THE MOVEMENT OF THIS VOLUME SERVES TWO PRIMARY FUNCTIONS. WITH THE VOLUME EXPANDED, SPACE IS MAXIMIZED. WITH THE VOLUME RETRACTED AND NESTED, THE SPACE ACTS AS A COCOON AND NATURAL INSULATOR, ADAPTING TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.
FACSIMILE - MOSCONE CONVENTION CENTER DILLER + SCOFIDIO
INVERTED PEEPHOLE A SCANNER-LIKE MONITOR GLIDES HORIZONTALLY ALONG A FACADE. THE SCENE SHOWN ON THE MONITOR CORRESPONDS TO WHAT COULD HAPPEN ON THE INSIDE SPACE, EXTERIOR SPECTATORS HAVE THE FEELING OF LOOKING INSIDE THE BUILDING THROUGH THIS MAGNIFYING GLASS-LIKE OBJECT, EVEN IF WHAT IS SHOWN ON THE SCREEN REVEALS AN ALTERNATE REALITY.
TOWER OF TERROR WALT DISNEY IMAGINEERING
AGV
AGV
AGV
= Autonomous Guided Vehicle
load
= Vertical Vehicle Conveyance
buff. zone
SHIFTING SHAFTS A TOWER WITH MOVING OPENINGS HINTS AT AN ELEVATOR-LIKE MOTION. BECAUSE OF THE SPEED, THE EXTERIOR SPECTATOR CAN SENSE THE FREE FALL MOVEMENT INSIDE. DURING THE RIDE THE VISITOR CANNOT TELL THAT THERE ARE TWO VERTICAL AND ONE HORIZONTAL SHAFTS. THE UNEXPECTED TRANSITION FROM ONE VERTICAL SHAFT TO THE OTHER, THROUGH A HORIZONTAL MOTION IS ACHIEVED BY AN AUTONOMOUS GUIDED VEHICLE WITHOUT TRACKS.
SAFE HOUSE ROBERT KONIECZNY + KWK PROMES
SLIDING SITE WALLS FLOOR-TO-CEILING ELEMENTS TRANSFORM THE HOUSE FROM BEING COMPLETELY CLOSED TO OPEN. THE MOVING ELEMENTS WHEN DETACHING OR INTERLOCKING WITH THE FIXED STRUCTURE, CHANGE THE PERIMETER OF THE SITE.
FUTURAMA NORMAN BEL GEDDES
3 LANDSCAPE TRACK
2
4
SCIENCE THEATER
5
6
1
END
START EXHIBITION BUILDING
EXHIBITION BUILDING
PEDESTRIAN RAMPS EXHIBITION BUILDING
MAIN ENTRANCE
EXIT
1. START OF TRIP 2. PANORAMA ON LOWER LEVEL 3. PANORAMA ON UPPER LEVEL 4. CITY OF THE FUTURE 5. MODEL STREET INTERSECTION 6. END OF TRIP
PICTURESQUE PROMENADE THREE KINDS OF PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION EXIST IN THE BUILDING: (1) A CURVILINEAR PROMENADE ALONG A RAMP LEADING FROM THE FAIR GROUNDS UP TO THE FACADE; (2) A MEANDERING CURVILINEAR TRACK ON WHICH SEATED PASSENGERS GET GLIMPSES FROM VARIOUS VANTAGE POINTS INTO DISPLAY; (3) A STREET-LIKE GRID WITHIN THE BUILDING.
MILWAUKEE ART MUSEUM SANTIAGO CALATRAVA
UMBRELLA VOLUME A SPACE HAS OPERABLE ROOF WHICH IS FUNCTIONING AS A FLOOR-TO-CEILING WINDOW. THE MOTION OF THE ROOF CHANGES THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE INTERIOR SPACE AND CONTROLS THE LIGHT CONDITION. IN ELEVATION THIS MOVEMENT CREATES A DYNAMIC FIGURE.
MAISON A BORDEAUX OMA
1
2
3
4
VERTICAL ABACUS A HOUSE WHICH VARIES FROM BEING ONE ROOM TO BEING DIVIDED INTO TWO ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS BY THE POSITION OF A VERTICALLY RISING PLATFORM THAT FILLS IN THE OPENINGS IN THE FLOOR BETWEEN THE LEVELS. THE IMPACT OF THIS MOVEMENT ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE HOUSE IS TWO-FOLD. FIRST, IS THE PROMINENCE OF THE FLOORS AND THE CEILINGS AS THE PRIMARY SPATIAL DIVISIONS OF THE HOUSE (WALL PLAY VERY LITTLE ROLE IN SPATIAL SUBDIVISION). SECOND, IS THE CONTINUITY OF THE BOOK SHELVES ACROSS LEVELS WHICH HINTS AT THE VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF THE HOUSE.
TAIWAN TOWER COMPETITION ENTRY DORIN STEFAN
3B 3C
3A 2B
2C 2D 2A 1C 1A
1B
PUZZLE TOWER A GIVEN SHAPE IS DIVIDED INTO FRAGMENTS THAT COMPRISE A WHOLE. WHEN ELEVATED TO DIFFERENT HEIGHTS, CLUSTERS OF THESE FRAGMENTS ATTAIN INDIVIDUAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE WHOLE, TO ONE ANOTHER, AS WELL AS BETWEEN SUB-FRAGMENTS WITHIN THEIR RESPECTIVE CLUSTERS. THE PUZZLE SEPARATED BY ELEVATION CREATES VERTICAL PHENOMENAL MOTION.
RUSAKOV WORKERS CLUB (THEATRE) KONSTANTIN MELNIKOV
SUBDIVIDED ROOM INDIVIDUAL SPACES ARE CREATED FROM A COMPLEX WHOLE BY ISOLATING PARTS OF IT VIA SHUTTER GATES. THE RESULTANT COMPARTMENTS HAVE DIFFERENT SPATIAL QUALITIES WHICH CAN BE USED TO PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.
ZOOMILION SHOWROOM AMPHIBIANARC
1ST FLOOR + COLLAPSED FIGURES 1:1000
2ND FLOOR + UNFOLDED FIGURES 1:1000
UNFOLDING CORNERS A RECTILINEAR SPACE IS COMPOSED OF AN INNER AND AN OUTER SKIN. WITHIN THE ENVELOPE EXISTS A SUB-OBJECT WHICH CAN TRANSFORM INTO A 3-DIMENSIONAL FIGURE. IN ITS DORMANT STATE THE OBJECT EXISTS AS A ‘PATCH’ ON A BUILDING’S SKIN. IN ITS ACTIVATED STATE IT UNFOLDS FROM THE SHELL INTO A FIGURE.