A. CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS:
Toxic Gases Hazards (H2S, Cl2, NH3 & CO Gases) Flammable Gases Hazards (LPG, DA, Hydrogen) Oxygen Deficiency Hazard Access of Oxygen Explosion Hazard Fire Hazard
Excessive Heat Hazard
Physical Hazards:
Noise, heat / cold, radiation, vibration, electrical and Illumination hazard.
Biological Hazards:
Viruses, bacteria, sludge, fungi or moulds.
B. CONFINED SPACE CONTROL MEASURES: The key elements to be considered when drawing up a safe system of work are:
Competence, training, supervision and suitability Permit-to-work procedure Gas purging and ventilation Dangerous residues Testing and monitoring of the atmosphere Mechanical, electrical and process isolation Respiratory protective equipment Other personal protective equipment Safe use of work equipment Communications Entry & Exit Flammable or explosive atmospheres Combustible materials