ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING by Alejandro López de Vergara by Susi Llarena Ascanio

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Guía Didáctica de la asignatura

CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207

IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS (Curso 2008-2009)

Elaborada por:

Alejandro F. López de Vergara Méndez (aflopez@ull.es) Montserrat V. Hernández Barrera (mbarrera@ull.es)

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Alejandro F. López de Vergara Méndez Montserrat V. Hernández Barrera

Universidad de La Laguna – Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna (Tenerife, España)

USO

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INTERNO

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Contents • • • • • • • •

CURSO 2008 – 2009

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Page 5 8 10 11 12 17 20 22 23 23 26 32 32 37 41 41 44 48 48 50 54

Programa de la asignatura……………………………………………………. Bibliografía……………………………………………………………………… Calendario Académico 2008-2009 (Primer cuatrimestre)…………………. Calendario Académico 2008-2009 (Segundo cuatrimestre)………………. Distribución temporal………………………………………………………….. Normas de la asignatura……………………………………………………… Unit 1.English Grammar Placement Test…………………………………… o For Future Reference………………………………………………….. Unit 2. The House………………….………………………………………….. o Playing Architect……………………………………………………….. o Design a Custom Floor House Plan with Home Plan Pro…………. Unit 3. Types of Buildings…………………………………………………….. o How to run a building project.……………........................................ o PlanTech ……………………………………………………………….. Unit 4. The construction project ……..………………………………………. o Pre construction ……………………………………………………….. o Do I really need a building permit? ................................................. Unit 5. Safety on the construction site ………………………………………. o Safeguards: Construction Site Safety 1……………………………... o Safety Services for Contractors ……………………………………… o Fall from mobile crane bucket during descending …………………. Unit 6. Solving construction engineering problems ………………………... o Beijing probes anti-quake capabilities of "Bird's Nest", CCTV leaning towers EDS……………………………………………………. Unit 7. Construction materials………………………………………………… o Air-purifying stones on trial……………………………………………. o Nation’s largest net-zero energy, residential community – GEOS Neighborhood – launches in Colorado………………………………. Unit 8. Construction tools……………………………………………………... o CAMAC Company……………………………………………………… o Tools: Building work (I)………………………………………………… o Tools: Building work (II)……………………………………………….. o Flush mounting installation……………………………………………. Unit 9. Construction engineering courses…………………………………… o What is a Quantity Surveyor? ......................................................... o QS formal qualifications and providers……………………………… Unit 10. Construction engineering jobs……………………………………… o Architectural engineering.…………………………………………...... o How to use the Internet in your job search………………………….. o Office of Real Property Services……………………………………... Unit 11. Information……………………………………………………………. o Netiquette…………………………………………………. …………… Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

• • •

CURSO 2008 – 2009

• • • • • • • •

o 5 Simple ways to open your blog post with a bang………………… Unit 12. The future of engineering…………………………………………… o Civil engineering building the future…………………………………. Unit 13. Oral Presentations (I)……………………………………………...... o Tips for oral presentations…………………………………………….. o Ernest Hemingways’s top 5 tips for writing well…………………….. Unit 14. Oral Presentations (II)……………………………………………….. o “I’d like a swing…” A feasibility story………………………………… Oral Presentations……………………………………………………………... Annexes…………………………………………………………………………. English Grammar Placement Test–Answer Key…………………………… Basic concepts: Associations between graphic symbols………………….. An Example of a Traditional Résumé………………………………………... An Example of a Target Résumé………...………………………………...... An Example of a Skills Résumé……………….……………………………... Modelo de Examen…………………………………………………………….

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

PROGRAMA DE LA ASIGNATURA Asignatura

150240207 – Idioma Moderno Fase A) Inglés Curso: Segundo de Arquitectura Técnica Tipo de asignatura: Obligatoria Cuatrimestre: Anual Créditos Teóricos: 6,0 Créditos Prácticos: 0,0

Docencia / Profesorado Departamento y Datos del Profesorado Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana HERNÁNDEZ BARRERA, MONTSERRAT VALENTINA LÓPEZ DE VERGARA MÉNDEZ, ALEJANDRO FERMÍN

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Tutorías HERNÁNDEZ BARRERA, MONTSERRAT VALENTINA LÓPEZ DE VERGARA MÉNDEZ, ALEJANDRO FERMÍN DOCENCIA Grupo A (T01) Aula 10 Grupo B (T02) Aula 09

LUN

MAR

Teléfono 922 317 619 922 319 889 922 319 813 MAR

MIE

Correo electrónico filina@ull.es mbarrera@ull.es aflopez@ull.es

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JUE

VIE

JUE

VIE

12.30 – 13.30

10.30 – 11.30

13.30 – 14.30

12.30 – 13.30

Propósito: Introducir el inglés de especialidad a través de las funciones discursivas, retóricas y lingüísticas del registro científico-técnico. Familiarizarse con los géneros, las técnicas y las convenciones académicas utilizadas por la comunidad científico-técnica de la ingeniería y que reflejan las necesidades futuras de la profesión. Desarrollar la competencia lingüística en inglés escrito y oral en contextos de comunicación vinculados al entorno académico. Mejorar las habilidades de comprensión general de lectura para entender e interpretar de forma crítica todo tipo de textos técnicos. Escribir diferentes tipos de texto, que respondan a necesidades diferentes y que se usan en la comunicación profesional de la disciplina. Potenciar la expresión de las ideas, opiniones, acuerdos y desacuerdos tanto en situaciones formales, en contextos profesionales y académicos, como informales o coloquiales. Ampliar la expresión oral del alumno para comunicarse en un entorno académico y profesional intercambiando conocimientos e ideas en el ámbito internacional. Planificar, preparar y hacer una presentación oral. Ampliar el vocabulario específico propio de la disciplina, tanto semi-técnico como técnico. Fomentar el autoaprendizaje y la formación continua del alumnado en relación con el idioma inglés.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Requisitos:

Nivel de inglés: B2 (Avanzado) según el Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas.1

Evaluación: Criterios de Evaluación y Corrección: Evaluación continua, que combine los siguientes parámetros: – Asistencia regular a clase, igual o superior al 75 % de las sesiones (10 %) – Trabajo y Participación activa en clase (10 %) – Expresión oral, individualmente o en grupo (40 %) – Expresión Escrita (40 %) Tanto en la expresión oral, como en la escrita, se tendrá en cuenta la capacidad del alumno en las siguientes destrezas: LECTURA COMPRENSIVA, EXPRESIÓN ESCRITA, COMPRENSIÓN Y EXPRESIÓN ORAL EN LA LENGUA EXTRANJERA, DOMINIO (USO) DE LA GRAMÁTICA.

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Exposición oral sobre un tema dado, utilizando recursos multimedia durante 30 minutos (incluido tiempo para debate). En su defecto, examen escrito que combine los anteriores parámetros, y que necesariamente incluya, como mínimo, las siguientes partes: o Texto de lectura comprensiva o Prueba de vocabulario técnico bilingüe o Prueba de expresión escrita (tema técnico).

Temario: Tema 1: Language level test. Introducing oneself. Metasearching for reference. Introductory section: English Grammar Placement Test. Vocabulary: General reference searches. Writing: English Language level test. Oral Practice: Speaking about oneself. Developing skills. Tema 2: The house. Introductory section: Playing Architect. Vocabulary: Parts of the house. The rooms. Equipment. Writing: Writing a project brief. Oral Practice: Presenting a house project to a customer. Tema 3: Types of buildings. Introductory section: How to run a building project. PlanTech. Vocabulary: Shapes. Dimensions. Materials. Material properties. Measurements, quantities and numbers (dates, fractions, money). Writing: Writing a complete description of a building. Defining buildings by class, colour, size, parts, purpose, etc. Oral Practice: Making an oral presentation of a building. Tema 4: The construction project. Introductory section: Do I really need a building permit? Vocabulary: Erecting a building. Commissioning a building. The construction process. Passive. Writing: Writing a construction progress report. Schedules and time estimates. Sequencing. Describing changes. Procedures. Oral Practice: Describing a construction site performance record. Time, quality, and cost issues. Explaining a diagram. Visualverbal relationships. Interpreting charts, graphs, diagrams and tables. Tema 5: Safety on the construction site. Introductory section: Safety Services for Contractors. Vocabulary: Hazards and safety precautions. Security threats. should/shouldn't/must/mustn't. Writing: Writing safety signs. Warning expressions. Oral

El Marco Común Europeo de Referencia establece una serie de niveles para todas las lenguas a partir de los cuales se favorece la comparación u homologación de los distintos títulos emitidos por las entidades certificadas. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Com%C3%BAn_Europeo_de_Referencia_para_las_lenguas 1

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Tipo de pruebas teóricas o prácticas a superar:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Practice: Giving instructions. Giving directions. Explaining rules. Making suggestions. Making recommendations. Tema 6: Solving construction engineering problems. Introductory section: Beijing probes anti-quake capabilities of "Bird's Nest", CCTV leaning towers EDS. Vocabulary: Identifying faults. Troubleshooting and repairs. Time clauses. Cause and effect. Writing: Writing a report. Reporting defects. Using the problem-solution pattern. Explaining what happened. Using time sequencers. Oral Practice: Explaining why. Talking to non-experts. Using informal language. Tema 7: Construction materials. Introductory section: Air-purifying stones on trial. Vocabulary: Materials. Properties of Materials. Comparative and superlative adjectives. Opposites. Relative clauses. Writing: Writing a recommendation text. Explaining laws of nature. Oral Practice: Explaining the difference between materials. Comparing and contrasting.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Tema 8: Construction tools. Introductory section: CAMAC Company. Vocabulary: Construction Tools. Type 0 conditionals. Purpose: used for -ing, used to, can, enable. Writing: Writing a short description of construction tools. Oral Practice: Defining new words. Explaining how something works. Explaining in simple terms. Using nonspecialist language. Classifying. Tema 9: Construction engineering courses. Introductory section: What is a Quantity Surveyor? QS formal qualifications and providers. Vocabulary: Branches in engineering. The timetable. Course descriptions. Writing: Translating university courses and their contents. Writing an application letter. Oral Practice: The university interview. Tema 10: Construction engineering jobs. Introductory section: Architectural engineering. How to use the Internet in your job search. Vocabulary: Job and work. Careers in civil engineering. Internet resources for job search. Writing: Writing a CV. Writing a cover letter. Oral Practice: Talking about jobs. Talking about requirements. The job interview. Tema 11: Information. Introductory section: Netiquette. 5 Simple ways to open your blog post with a bang. Vocabulary: Email addresses and URLs. Formal and Informal greeting and farewell conventions. Writing: Writing emails: openings, closings, and common expressions. Making arrangements. Oral Practice: Requesting Information. Making and acknowledging apologies. Checking understanding. Tema 12: The future of engineering. Introductory section: Civil engineering building the future. Vocabulary: Future developments. may/might/likely/will probably. Type 1 and 2 conditionals. Writing: Making predictions. Hypothesizing and conditions. Oral Practice: Debating the construction market. Discussing and providing argumentation. Giving opinions. Tema 13: Oral Presentations (I). Introductory section: Tips for oral presentations. Vocabulary: Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The general outline. Key-words and abstract Oral Practice: Stage etiquette (I). Speaking about a specialist’s topic. Tema 14: Oral Presentations (II). Introductory section: “I’d like a swing…” A feasibility story Vocabulary: Feasibility reports and fault-finding lists. Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The general outline. Key-words and abstract. The IMRAD pattern. Other general patterns. Presentation of facts and figures. References & annexes. Oral Practice: Stage etiquette (II). Taking the floor. Good answers to tough / embarrassing questions.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Bibliografía: DICCIONARIOS

BEIGBEDER ATIENZA, F. 1988. Nuevo diccionario politécnico de las lenguas española e inglesa.Vol.I: Inglés-Español. Madrid: Ediciones Díaz de Santos, S. A. BEIGBEDER ATIENZA, F. 1988. Nuevo diccionario politécnico de las lenguas española e inglesa. Vol. II: Español-Inglés. Madrid: Ediciones Díaz de Santos, S. A. COLLINS COBUILD. 1990. Dictionary of the Essential English Language. London: Collins ELT. HORNBY, A.S. & al. 2000 (7th) Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary., Oxford: Oxford U.P. LONGMAN. 2005 (1978). Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (New Edition). London: LONGMAN. McDERMOTT, A., GOLDSMITH, P., PÉREZ, M.A. (eds.). 1996. Diccionario OXFORD AVANZADO para estudiantes de inglés (español-inglés, inglés-español). Oxford: Oxford University Press. MÉNDEZ LLORET, M. 2004. Diccionario Básico de la Construcción. Barcelona: Ediciones CEAC. MENNIG, V.G. 2000. Diccionario de Internet e Intranets. Barcelona: Salvat Editores. WARE, D. & B. BEATTY. 1998. Diccionario manual ilustrado de arquitectura: con los términos más comunes empleados en la construcción. México: Ediciones G. Pili, S.A. de C.V. GRAMÁTICAS

EASTWOOD, J. & MACKIN, 1987. R. A Basic English Grammar. Oxford: Oxford U.P. MURPHY, R. 2002 (1990). Essential Grammar in Use with answers. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P. MURPHY, R. 2003 (1985). English Grammar in Use with answers. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P. REDMAN, S. 1997. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-Intermediate & Intermediate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. SÁNCHEZ BENEDITO, F. 1995 (7ª ed.) Gramática Inglesa. Madrid: Alhambra-Longman. SPANKIE, GM. 1982 (1975). English in Use. Walton-on-Thames, Surrey: Nelson SWAN, M. & C. WALKER. 1997. How English Works. A Grammar Practice Book with answers. Oxford: Oxford University Press. SWAN, M.. 2005 (1995). Practical English Usage. Oxford: Oxford University Press. MANUALES

AGUADO PIÑERO, R., C. PÉREZ-LLANTADA AURÍA, L. GABÁS ARIÑO, S. MURILLO ORNAT. 2000. The Technical Eye. An English course in technical engineering. Zaragoza: Mira Editores CREATIVE HOMEOWNER PRESS. 1996. 300 Affordable Home Plans: Home Designs Under 2,650 sq. ft. New Jersey: Creative Homeowner Press. CUMMING, J. 1985. NUCLEUS: English for Science and Technology. Architecture and Building Construction. London: Longman HARRIS, F. 1989. Modern Construction Equipment and Methods. Harlow, Essex: Longman. HERNÁNDEZ BARRERA, M. V. 2004. Guía Didáctica de la asignatura Idioma Moderno Fase A) [Inglés para la Arquitectura y la Construcción]. La Laguna: Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana (ULL).

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

PANIAGUA SOTO, J. R. 2000 (10ª). Vocabulario Básico de Arquitectura. Madrid: Cátedra

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

HERNÁNDEZ BARRERA, M. V. 2004. Reading Comprehension, Definitions and Fill-in the Gaps. [CD] La Laguna: Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana (ULL). KELLER, J.J. (Eds.) 2005 (5th edition). Keller's Official OSHA Construction Safety Handbook. Neenah, Wis. : J.J. Keller & Associates (edición española: Keller's Official OSHA Construction Safety Handbook – Spanish Version). PÉREZ-LLANTADA, C. et al. 2000. Link! Interactive: A course in English for Science and Technology. Zaragoza: ICE UniZar. PÉREZ-LLANTADA, CARMEN & AGUADO, ROCÍO. 1998. An Engineering English Course. Zaragoza: Mira Editores PICKETT, N.A. & LASTER, A.A. 1996 (7th ed.) Technical English. Writing, Reading & Speaking. New York: HarperCollins. RIERA OJEDA, O. et al. 1998. The Best of Lofts. Buenos Aires: Kliczkowski Publisher. SMITH, H. A. 1990. 500 Small Houses of the Twenties. New York: Dover Publications. VARIOS

ALCARAZ VARÓ, E. 2000. El inglés profesional y académico. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

ASHLEY, A. 1992 (1984). A Handbook of Commercial Correspondence. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DUDENEY, G. 2000. The Internet and the Language Classroom. A practical guide for teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press FORTANET GÓMEZ, I. (coordinadora). 2002. Cómo escribir un artículo de investigación en inglés. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. LÓPEZ DE VERGARA M., A.F. 2007. Using the Internet as A Huge Language Learning Resource Tool en Ana Bocanegra, Mª del Carmen Lario de Oñate & Elena López Torres (Eds.) English for Specific Purposes: Studies for Classroom Development and Implementation. Cádiz: Servicio de Publicaciones de la UCA SHERMAN, J. 1994. Feedback. Essential writing skills for intermediate students. Oxford: Oxford University Press TEELER, D. & P. GRAY. 2000. How to Use the Internet in ELT. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Ltd. (ISBN 0-582-33931-6) TRIM, J.L.M., D. COSTA, B. NORTH. 2001. The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Strasbourg: Council of Europe / Conseil de l’Europe (Traducción española del Instituto Cervantes. 2002. Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas: aprendizaje, enseñanza, evaluación. http://cvc.cervantes.es/obref/marco/cvc_mer.pdf [19/02/2008]) WINTHROW, J. 1987. Effective Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Curso 2008-2009 – I CUATRIMESTRE

Ma 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30

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Ju 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25

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Primer cuatrimestre Segundo Cuatrimestre Entrega de Actas Periodo lectivo sin docencia Vacaciones Días Festivos Convocatorias de Examen

Días no lectivos 1 noviembre: Todos los Santos 6 diciembre: Día de la Constitución Española 8 diciembre: Inmaculada Concepción 24 diciembre-6 enero: Navidades 2 febrero: La Candelaria (Patrona de Tenerife) 23-24 febrero: Carnaval 6-12 abril: Semana Santa 1 mayo: Día del Trabajo 4 mayo: Patrón Arquitectura Técnica 30 mayo: Día de Canarias 14 septiembre: El Cristo (Festivo La Laguna) 18 septiembre: Apertura Curso 2009-2010

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Lu 1 8 15 22 29 Octubre 6 13 20 27 Noviembre 3 10 17 24 1 Diciembre 8 15 22 29

Septiembre

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Curso 2008-2009 – II CUATRIMESTRE

Febrero

Marzo

Abril

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Mayo

Junio

Julio

Agosto

Septiembre

Lu Ma Mi Ju Vi Sa Do 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 11 12 13 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Primer cuatrimestre Segundo Cuatrimestre Entrega de Actas Periodo lectivo sin docencia Vacaciones Días Festivos Convocatorias de Examen

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Distribución temporal – Primer cuatrimestre – Semana 1-1Q2: Language level test. Introducing oneself. Metasearching for reference. [Del 22 al 28 de septiembre de 2008] Introductory section: English Grammar Placement Test. Vocabulary: General reference searches. Writing: English Language level test. Oral Practice: Speaking about oneself. Developing skills.

Semana 3-1Q: The house (II). [Del 6 al 12 de octubre de 2008] Introductory section: Design a Custom Floor House Plan with Home Plan Pro. Vocabulary: Parts of the house. The rooms. Equipment. Writing: Writing a project brief. Oral Practice: Presenting a house project to a customer. Semana 4-1Q: Types of buildings (I). [Del 13 al 19 de octubre de 2008] Introductory section: How to run a building project. Vocabulary: Shapes. Dimensions. Materials. Material properties. Measurements, quantities and numbers (dates, fractions, money). Writing: Writing a complete description of a building. Defining buildings by class, colour, size, parts, purpose, etc. Oral Practice: Making an oral presentation of a building. Semana 5-1Q: Types of buildings (II). [Del 20 al 26 de octubre de 2008] Introductory section: PlanTech. Vocabulary: Shapes. Dimensions. Materials. Material properties. Measurements, quantities and numbers (dates, fractions, money). Writing: Writing a complete description of a building. Defining buildings by class, colour, size, parts, purpose, etc. Oral Practice: Making an oral presentation of a building. Semana 6-1Q: The construction project (I). [Del 27 de octubre al 2 de noviembre de 2008] Introductory section: Pre construction Vocabulary: Erecting a building. Commissioning a building. The construction process. Passive. Writing: Writing a construction progress report. Schedules and time estimates. Sequencing. Describing changes. Procedures. Oral Practice: Describing a construction site performance record. Time, quality, and cost issues. Explaining a diagram. Visual-verbal relationships. Interpreting charts, graphs, diagrams and tables.

1Q: Primer Cuatrimestre. 2Q: Segundo Cuatrimestre.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Semana 2-1Q: The house (I). [Del 29 de septiembre al 5 de octubre de 2008] Introductory section: Playing Architect. Vocabulary: Parts of the house. The rooms. Equipment. Writing: Writing a project brief. Oral Practice: Presenting a house project to a customer.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Semana 7-1Q: The construction project (II). [Del 3 al 9 de noviembre de 2008] Introductory section: Do I really need a building permit? Vocabulary: Erecting a building. Commissioning a building. The construction process. Passive. Writing: Writing a construction progress report. Schedules and time estimates. Sequencing. Describing changes. Procedures. Oral Practice: Describing a construction site performance record. Time, quality, and cost issues. Explaining a diagram. Visual-verbal relationships. Interpreting charts, graphs, diagrams and tables.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Semana 8-1Q: Safety on the construction site (I). [Del 10 al 16 de noviembre de 2008] Introductory section: Safety Services for Contractors. Vocabulary: Hazards and safety precautions. Security threats. should/shouldn't/must/mustn't. Writing: Writing safety signs. Warning expressions. Oral Practice: Giving instructions. Giving directions. Explaining rules. Making suggestions. Making recommendations. Semana 9-1Q: Safety on the construction site (II). [Del 17 al 23 de noviembre de 2008] Introductory section: Fall from mobile crane bucket during descending. Vocabulary: Hazards and safety precautions. Security threats. should/shouldn't/must/mustn't. Writing: Writing safety signs. Warning expressions. Oral Practice: Giving instructions. Giving directions. Explaining rules. Making suggestions. Making recommendations. Semana 10-1Q: Solving construction engineering problems (I). [Del 24 al 30 de noviembre de 2008] Introductory section: Beijing probes anti-quake capabilities of "Bird's Nest", CCTV leaning towers EDS. Vocabulary: Identifying faults. Troubleshooting and repairs. Time clauses. Cause and effect. Writing: Writing a report. Reporting defects. Semana 11-1Q: Solving construction engineering problems (II). [Del 1 al 7 de diciembre de 2008] Introductory section: Beijing probes anti-quake capabilities of "Bird's Nest", CCTV leaning towers EDS. Writing: Using the problem-solution pattern. Explaining what happened. Using time sequencers. Oral Practice: Explaining why. Talking to non-experts. Using informal language. Semana 12-1Q: Construction materials (I). [Del 8 al 14 de diciembre de 2008] Introductory section: Air-purifying stones on trial. Vocabulary: Materials. Properties of Materials. Comparative and superlative adjectives. Opposites. Relative clauses. Writing: Writing a recommendation text. Explaining laws of nature. Oral Practice: Explaining the difference between materials. Comparing and contrasting.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Semana 13-1Q: Construction materials (II). [Del 15 al 21 de diciembre de 2008] Introductory section: Nation’s largest net-zero energy, residential community – GEOS Neighborhood – launches in Colorado. Vocabulary: Materials. Properties of Materials. Comparative and superlative adjectives. Opposites. Relative clauses. Writing: Writing a recommendation text. Explaining laws of nature. Oral Practice: Explaining the difference between materials. Comparing and contrasting.

Semana 15-1Q: Construction tools (II). [Del 12 al 18 de enero de 2009] Introductory section: Flush mounting installation. Vocabulary: Construction Tools (II). Type 0 conditionals. Purpose: used for -ing, used to, can, enable. Writing: Writing a short description of construction tools. Oral Practice: Defining new words. Explaining how something works. Explaining in simple terms. Using non-specialist language. Classifying. – Segundo cuatrimestre – Semana 1-2Q: Construction engineering courses (I). [Del 9 al 15 de febrero de 2009] Introductory section: What is a Quantity Surveyor? Vocabulary: Branches in engineering. The timetable. Course descriptions. Writing: Translating university courses and their contents. Writing an application letter. Oral Practice: The university interview. Semana 2-2Q: Construction engineering courses (II) [Del 16 al 22 de febrero de 2009] Introductory section: QS formal qualifications and providers. Vocabulary: Branches in engineering. The timetable. Course descriptions. Writing: Translating university courses and their contents. Writing an application letter. Oral Practice: The university interview. Semana 3-2Q: Construction engineering jobs (I). [Del 23 de febrero al 1 de marzo de 2009] Introductory section: Architectural engineering. Vocabulary: Job and work. Careers in civil engineering. Internet resources for job search. Writing: Writing a CV. Writing a cover letter. Oral Practice: Talking about jobs. Talking about requirements. The job interview.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Semana 14-1Q: Construction tools (I). [Del 5 al 11 de enero de 2009] Introductory section: CAMAC Company. Vocabulary: Construction Tools (I). Type 0 conditionals. Purpose: used for -ing, used to, can, enable. Writing: Writing a short description of construction tools. Oral Practice: Defining new words. Explaining how something works. Explaining in simple terms. Using non-specialist language. Classifying.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Semana 4-2Q: Construction engineering jobs (II). [Del 2 al 8 de marzo de 2009] Introductory section: How to use the Internet in your job search. Vocabulary: Job and work. Careers in civil engineering. Internet resources for job search. Writing: Writing a CV. Writing a cover letter. Oral Practice: Talking about jobs. Talking about requirements. The job interview.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Semana 5-2Q: Construction engineering jobs (III). [Del 9 al 15 de marzo de 2009] Introductory section: Office of Real Property Services. Vocabulary: Job and work. Careers in civil engineering. Internet resources for job search. Writing: Writing a CV. Writing a cover letter. Oral Practice: Talking about jobs. Talking about requirements. The job interview. Semana 6-2Q: Information (I). [Del 16 al 22 de marzo de 2009] Introductory section: Netiquette. Vocabulary: Email addresses and URLs. Formal and Informal greeting and farewell conventions. Writing: Writing emails: openings, closings, and common expressions. Making arrangements. Oral Practice: Requesting Information. Making and acknowledging apologies. Checking understanding. Semana 7-2Q: Information (II). [Del 23 al 29 de marzo de 2009] Introductory section: 5 Simple ways to open your blog post with a bang. Vocabulary: Email addresses and URLs. Formal and Informal greeting and farewell conventions. Writing: Writing emails: openings, closings, and common expressions. Making arrangements. Oral Practice: Requesting Information. Making and acknowledging apologies. Checking understanding. Semana 8-2Q: The future of engineering (I). [Del 30 de marzo al 5 de abril de 2009] Introductory section: Civil engineering building the future. Vocabulary: Future developments. may/might/likely/will probably. Type 1 and 2 conditionals. Writing: Making predictions. Hypothesizing and conditions. Semana 9-2Q: The future of engineering (II). [Del 13 al 19 de abril de 2009] Introductory section: Civil engineering building the future. Vocabulary: Future developments. may/might/likely/will probably. Type 1 and 2 conditionals. Oral Practice: Debating the construction market. Discussing and providing argumentation. Giving opinions. Semana 10-2Q: Oral Presentations (I.i). [Del 20 al 26 de abril de 2009] Introductory section: Tips for oral presentations. Vocabulary: Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The general outline. Key-words and abstract Oral Practice: Stage etiquette (I). Speaking about a specialist’s topic.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Semana 11-2Q: Oral Presentations (I.ii). [Del 27 de abril al 3 de mayo de 2009] Introductory section: Ernest Hemingways’s top 5 tips for writing well. Vocabulary: Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The general outline. Key-words and abstract Oral Practice: Stage etiquette (I). Speaking about a specialist’s topic.

Semana 13-2Q: Oral Presentations (II-i). [Del 11 al 17 de mayo de 2009] Introductory section: “I’d like a swing…” A feasibility story Vocabulary: Feasibility reports and fault-finding lists. Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The IMRAD pattern. Other general patterns. Presentation of facts and figures. References & annexes. Oral Practice: Good answers to tough / embarrassing questions. Semana 14-2Q: Oral Presentations (III). [Del 18 al 24 de mayo de 2009] Presentation groups will start delivering their topics. Semana 15-2Q: Oral Presentations (IV) [Del 25 al 31 de mayo de 2009] Last presentation groups to deliver their topics.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Semana 12-2Q: Oral Presentations (II-i). [Del 4 al 10 de mayo de 2009] Introductory section: “I’d like a swing…” A feasibility story Vocabulary: Feasibility reports and fault-finding lists. Structure. Points to remember. Aims and purposes. Writing: Organization of contents. The general outline. Key-words and abstract Oral Practice: Stage etiquette (II). Taking the floor.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Normas de la asignatura: La Asignatura «150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS» es teóricopráctica, y consta de los siguientes módulos: •

Módulo Teórico [LECTURA COMPRENSIVA, EXPRESIÓN ESCRITA, EXPRESIÓN ORAL]

•

Módulo Práctico [PRÁCTICAS DE LABORATORIO]

GRAMÁTICA,

La asistencia a todas las clases es obligatoria. Quienes por motivos laborales, o causa de fuerza mayor no puedan asistir regularmente a clase, deberán ponerse en contacto con los profesores de la asignatura, o en su defecto, el departamento, lo antes posible (ver pág. 5, Departamento y datos del profesorado).

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Ficha de clase. Al inicio del curso se le entregará una ficha, donde consignará sus datos personales y de contacto. Dicha ficha se deberá devolver a los profesores de la asignatura, antes del 30 de noviembre de cada curso. La no entrega de la ficha de clase dentro de los plazos establecidos, podría dar lugar a la pérdida del derecho a evaluación continua. Material de trabajo. Al comienzo del curso se indicará dónde se puede descargar / fotocopiar la Guía Didáctica de la asignatura. Dicha guía es obligatoria en todas las sesiones teórico-prácticas, y contiene el material de trabajo. Se espera de los alumnos que preparen con antelación el material de trabajo programado para esa semana (véase Distribución Temporal, págs. 12-16) Tutorías. Los alumnos disponen de 6 horas semanales por profesor para realizar consultas sobre la asignatura. El horario de las tutorías será indicado en clase por cada profesor. Evaluación: será continua, a lo largo de todo el curso. Se valorará especialmente la asistencia regular a clase (igual o superior al 75 % del cómputo total), así como el trabajo y la participación en clase. Procedimiento de evaluación. Para poder superar la asignatura, la suma de las calificaciones correspondientes a las diferentes partes, deberá ser igual o superior a cinco puntos (ver Criterios de Evaluación y Corrección en página 6). La teoría se evaluará mediante exámenes de acuerdo con las siguientes normas: 1. Habrá tres convocatorias ordinarias, una en junio (que dispone de dos llamamientos), otra en julio y otra en diciembre. Con carácter extraordinario habrá una cuarta convocatoria en enero. Las fechas de los exámenes se publicarán en la página web oficial del centro (http://www.ull.es/escuelas/euat o http://www.euat.ull.es/). 2. En caso de no superar la asignatura en la convocatoria de junio, sólo se guardará la calificación de las prácticas hasta la convocatoria de diciembre del año en curso. No se guardan calificaciones de un curso para otro.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

3. Sólo se corregirán los exámenes de aquellos alumnos que figuren en actas. Los de aquellos otros que no estén en actas se corregirán sólo cuando el alumno resuelva su situación en la secretaría de la EUAT. 4. Los exámenes finales constarán de tres apartados: 4.1. Texto técnico en inglés, con preguntas de lectura comprensiva. 4.2. Vocabulario técnico inglés-español, con definición en inglés. 4.3. Redacción técnica en inglés, como respuesta a un supuesto práctico. 5. A los exámenes se ha de ir provisto del DNI/NIE. Se debe cuidar la presentación y la letra, realizándolos a tinta. No se permitirá el uso de traductores electrónicos, diccionarios, gramáticas, apuntes, ni cualquier otro material de ayuda que no esté expresamente autorizado por los profesores. Tareas prácticas: Se podrán entregar regularmente a lo largo del curso, o, en casos excepcionales, de una sola vez, en formato electrónico, el día del examen.

Cada alumno dispondrá de un máximo de diez minutos, de los cuales se dedicarán a la exposición un máximo de 7, y el tiempo restante a comentarios por parte del/a profesor/a. La Exposición Oral se puede realizar en pequeños grupos. En estos casos, el tiempo total asignado se hallará multiplicando el número total de miembros del grupo por 10 minutos. Cada miembro del grupo deberá hablar, en inglés, durante una media de 7 minutos. En caso de superar la Exposición Oral con un mínimo de cinco puntos (máximo diez), se dará la opción de no tener que concurrir a examen de convocatoria. En estos casos, se tomará la calificación obtenida como referencia de examen. En cualquier caso, la última tarea práctica es obligatoria, y hace media con las demás tareas programadas del año. En caso de haber superado con éxito la Exposición Oral, y, no obstante, desear concurrir a examen de convocatoria, la calificación obtenida en la Exposición Oral se entenderá que es nota exclusivamente de tareas prácticas, no haciéndose ningún tipo de medias con el examen de convocatoria. Entrega de Tareas prácticas. Todas las tareas asignadas se entregarán por correo electrónico como archivo PDF adjunto al mensaje, salvo que los profesores indiquen una plataforma educativa a la que subirlas, como por ejemplo, Moodle3. El plazo de entrega será de una semana a partir de la fecha en que estén programadas. El nombre del archivo será el siguiente: Número de DNI/NIE_p[número de la práctica]. Ejemplo: Para el DNI/NIE número 1234567-Y, y la tarea práctica 4, 3

http://moodle.org/

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

La última tarea práctica del curso consistirá en la exposición oral de un tema, a elección del alumno, relacionado con la arquitectura técnica / ingeniería de edificación.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

el formato correcto del nombre de archivo (opción “Guardar como”) será: 1234567-Y_p04. Sólo se admitirán en formato PDF (Portable Document File), debiendo numerar todas las páginas. El tamaño por de defecto de la página será DIN A-4 (210 x 290 mm). Si su procesador de texto no incluye4 un conversor de archivos a formato PDF, pruebe instalar una impresora PDF, p. ej. la del siguiente enlace: http://www.cutepdf.com/Products/CutePDF/writer.asp (Cute PDf Writer), http://www.pdfcreator.de.vu/ (PDF Creador) o la suite ofimática OpenOffice (http://es.openoffice.org/). Recuerde que para poder crear un documento PDF con este sistema, deberá seleccionar la impresora virtual PDF correspondiente, y a continuación imprimir el archivo, o bien, la opción “exportar a PDF”, según los casos. Para poder leer archivos en PDF puede instalar Adobe® AcrobatReader® (http://www.adobe.com/), o Sumatra PDF (http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/).

CURSO 2008 – 2009

El encabezado de todas las páginas incluirá, por este orden: •

APELLIDO, NOMBRE, DNI/NIE, (línea 1),

•

FECHA, DIRECCIÓN DE CORREO ELECTRÓNICO (línea 2),

•

PRÁCTICA + NÚMERO, p.ej.: Práctica 1 (línea 3).

A partir de la línea 4, o dentro del cuerpo normal de texto, escriba el número del ejercicio, y a continuación la respuesta. Si no supiera cómo responder un determinado ejercicio, escriba el número, y deje el resto de la línea en blanco. No olvide incluir siempre sus datos personales. Todo el texto (salvo los datos personales) deberá estar a DOBLE ESPACIO. Las fuentes válidas son: Arial, Helvetica, Times (New Roman), ajustadas a los siguientes tamaños: •

Títulos, encabezados = 14,

•

Cuerpo principal del texto = 12,

•

Notas, comentarios = 10.

Las prácticas que no se ajusten a estas normas de estilo, serán rechazadas de oficio.

http://alts.homelinux.net/task.php?task=education&view=alt Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 1. English Grammar Placement Test By taking this grammar-based test you can obtain an approximate rating of your English language skills. The test consists of four parts: • • • •

Elementary Intermediate Upper Intermediate Advanced

Find out what your level is by completing the following placement test. If you want the result to reflect your level of English, even approximately, take each test only once and do not use a dictionary!

Part One: Elementary Choose the correct answer to go in the gap:

My boyfriend .... to the pub every night. a. go b. goes c. goed 1. Simon .... very tall. a. is b. are c. has 2. She .... like football very much. a. don't b. doesn't c. hasn't

7. .... some more tea? a. Would you like b. Do you like c. You'd like Part Two: Intermediate 8. Last week we ... To Warsaw. a. go b. went c. goes 9. I .... the film we saw at the cinema on Wednesday. a. doesn't like b. haven't liked c. didn't like

3. How .... does one lesson cost? a. many b. much c. is

10. Magdalene .... in England for her holidays last year. a. was b. were c. is

4. There .... a big supermarket next to my house. a. is b. are c. have

11. My mother .... never been to a cricket match. a. hadn't b. haven't c. has

5. I ... agree with you. a. doesn't b. haven't c. don't

12. Joanna .... her new mobile phone. a. is losing b. loses c. has lost

6. Neil can't arm. a. b. c.

13. .... ever seen a comet? a. Did you b. Have you c. Do you

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... tennis. He's broken his to play playing play

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Example:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

14. If I were rich, I .... buy a huge farm in Somerset. a. will b. shall c. would 15. They .... pass their exam if they studied hard. a. would b. will c. did

24. The offer was too good for David to turn .... . a. off b. down c. away 25. Eric's father ordered him .... out late again. a. not to stay b. not stay c. not staying

16. I wish I .... play a musical instrument. a. can b. could c. should

26. If only I .... to the barbecue instead of staying at home. a. went b. had gone c. did go

Part Three: Upper Intermediate Part Four: Advanced

CURSO 2008 – 2009

17. When Gregory arrived at the disco, Elena .... . a. already left b. has already left c. had already left 18. If I .... on holidays to Poland, I wouldn't have met Donata. a. didn't go b. haven't gone c. hadn't gone 19. By the time you get this letter I ... . a. will have left b. am going to leave c. would leave 20. [A]: What are you doing tonight? [B]: I'm not sure, I .... to the cinema. a. will go b. would go c. might go 21. Simon forgot .... the lights before he left. a. turn off b. turning off c. to turn off 22. It's no use .... to him. He doesn't listen. a. to speak b. spoke c. speaking 23. Karla was offered the job .... having poor qualifications. a. despite b. although c. even though

27. Not only .... to London but she also visited many other places in England. a. she went b. went she c. did she go 28. My sister .... regretted turning down the chance of studying at the Teacher Training College in Madrid. a. entirely b. bitterly c. absolutely 29. Now remember, you .... the test until the teacher tells you to. a. are not starting b. are not to start c. haven't started 30. She wasn't .... to reach the ceiling. a. tall enough b. so tall c. as tall 31. He was thought .... the disease in Hong Kong. a. to catch b. catching c. to have caught 32. My flat .... as soon as possible. It's in an awful state. a. needs redecorating b. to redecorate c. redecorated

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

33. He eventually managed .... the door by kicking it hard. a. open b. opening c. to open

35. Rarely .... meat. a. I eat b. do I eat c. I have eaten

34. There's no point .... staying up all night if your exam is tomorrow. a. on b. with c. in WORLD-ENGLISH: ENGLISH GRAMMAR PLACEMENT TEST http://www.world-english.org/test.htm

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Teachers open the door, but you must enter yourself.” – Chinese proverb

1. Check with the web the equivalent language levels according to The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (Spanish version: Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas: aprendizaje, enseñanza, evaluación5). In compliance with that information, what is your current level in English? Justify your answer. 2. What is Europass? (http://europass.cedefop.europa.eu/) Do you think it could be of any use to you in the near future? 3. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, two other free on-line English language level tests. 4. What is the Dialang project? (http://www.dialang.org). How can it help you test your foreign languages level? Is it of any use to you? 5. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, three monolingual on-line technical dictionaries/vocabularies and, at least, two bilingual on-line dictionaries. Selected sites should be related to your degree (Building Engineering / Quantity Surveyor Engineering). 6. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, two good-quality free on-line monolingual (English-English) technical publications related to your degree (Building Engineering / Quantity Surveyor Engineering): magazines, journals … 7. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, two good-quality free on-line writing tutorials (English-English). 8. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, two good-quality free on-line English grammars/English courses. Sites may be either monolingual (English-English) or bilingual (English-Spanish). 9. Bookmark/Add to your favourites, at least, two English speaking TV and / or Radio stations (such as the BBC, or the CNN) and, at least, two video-streaming sites, such as YouTube or Metacafe. 5

http://cvc.cervantes.es/obref/marco/cvc_mer.pdf

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

FOR FUTURE REFERENCE:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 2. The House Playing Architect6 Posted by thisyounghouse7 November 28, 2007

We’ve finally found a way to show off the changing layout of our house without actually inviting everyone over for a visit (although we’re always happy to give tours). The other day I was browsing RemodelingMySpace.com and saw a link to some free (!!) software called Floorplanner, which they had reviewed as an easy-to-use tool for creating 2D house plans. They also showcase software like Plan 3D and Google SketchUp if you’re looking to do more involved, 3D drawings. But I’m starting slow…

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Last night I cranked away on two very different floor plans: our old layout, and our almost-there new layout. Check each of them out below, but ignore the square footage and other technical stuff (I didn’t bother to measure every room exactly). I just tried to make everything as proportional as possible. So without further ado…8 Here’s our old floor plan:

http://www.thisyounghouse.com/2007/11/playing-architect/ http://www.thisyounghouse.com/author/thisyounghouse/ 8 Withouth further ado… without any delay, without hesitation 6 7

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Some noteworthy changes are: •

The wider doorways around the Kitchen and Den

•

The new wood floor uniting the Kitchen, Den and Laundry/Bathroom area

•

The more open Laundry Nook (buh-bye9 bi-fold doors)

•

The Living Room turned Living / Dining Room

•

The Dining Room turned Third Bedroom

•

And, of course, the new Kitchen (with about 50% more counter-space!)

Hope all my time was worth it and you guys can better visualize the transformation happening over here. And again, Floorplanner is free so I encourage everyone to take it for a spin. We’d love to see the results. THIS YOUNG HOUSE www.thisyounghouse.com/2007/11/playing-architect/

buh bye: An informal expression used to say goodbye, see ya, bye etc. || Normally used as a dismissive for a person's comments or an idea that is unwelcome or unpleasant. Sometimes used after a look of disbelief. Urban Dictionary (http://www.urbandictionary.com/)

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

And now our new floor plan:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

TASKS 1. Is the above list complete or comprehensive? What other parts of the home are not included, but yet, you would like to include? 2. Does the author welcome visits to his house? If so, why is (s)he showing a floor plan with the changes? Discuss and justify your answer. 3. List all CAD-like software you may know of. Is it free to download? Compare their characteristics. 4. According to the description done through the floor plan, this dwelling could refer to (justify your answer): 4.1. A bungalow 4.2. A cottage 4.3. A flat (BrEng) / apartment (AmEng) 4.4. A mansion 4.5. A terraced house (BrEng) / row house (AmEng) 5. Write down a bilingual list (English / Spanish) with most common types of dwellings. 6. Complete the following cross-word about a floor plan. Definitions are given in Spanish.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Across: 1. 3. 5. 7. 10. 13. 15.

C H

Down:

Habitación de invitados Terraza cubierta (solarium) Sala de Estar Estudio, gabinete, antecocina Habitación principal Amario empotrado / alacena Cocina

2. 6. 8. 10.

Chimenea, estufa Solana, lavadero Vestíbulo Porche

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Design a Custom Floor House Plan with Home Plan Pro Home Plan Pro develops architectural home design software for all of your building needs. You can use the mouse, the keyboard, or a combination of both to build the plan. A full array of graphic drawing tools is provided, all you will ever need in order to design a custom floor house plan. A host of pre-drawn figures is included to represent furniture, fixtures, windows, doors and so forth. Want to build your dream house? Add a room to your home? Create a custom floor house plan? Whatever your drawing needs, Home Plan Pro is your best choice. It is so easy to learn how to use, you can begin drawing plans within minutes. Since it is easy to use, you save tons of time. On-line help answers your questions in seconds. Try it for thirty days FREE. If you decide to keep it, pay only $39.0010. Tedious tasks have been simplified so your time is devoted to creating great ideas such as a custom floor house plan. Working with walls, which can be tricky, is a snap. Adjust thickness with a couple of clicks. Set the frame spacing with a click. Automatically fill walls with studs or a floor with joists. Cover walls with any of dozens of patterns or solid colors.

10 11

US$39.00: approx. 26.00 € http://www.homeplanpro.com/whoneeds.html

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Who Needs Home Plan Pro?11

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Client Testimonials: Home Plan Pro is exactly what I needed. I produce feature sheets for real estate agents, and am now able to offer floor plans in addition to the photography, which is something I had been asked for by my customers. Home Plan Pro is stable, easy-to-use, and inexpensive. My compliments to the "chefs". Steve Steve Leach Demo Lite Easy To Learn And Easy To Use! Within minutes of installing Home Plan Pro, you can begin making drawings. While this little demo is not interactive, we hope it gives you a feeling of just how easy it is to learn and to use this program.

To draw a wall . . .

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Click on the Wall tool button. Click on point A. When you click on point B, the wall is drawn.

To add a window . . . Click on the Window tool button. Click on point A below. When you click on point B, the window is inserted.

To add a door . . . Click on the Door tool button. Click on point A, the hinged edge of the door. Click on point B, the edge that latches. Move off the door in the direction it is to open. When you click a point C, the door is inserted with dimensions.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

To insert a dimension . . . Click on the Dim tool button. Click on point A.

Interior walls can be added. And all manner of detail, including cabinetry. Select from hundreds of pre-drawn figures to represent furniture, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, and so forth. Further, save parts of what you draw for use later or in other drawings. Elevations can be drawn with equal ease. One way to begin is to click on the Framing tool. Select a framing or siding pattern. Click on point A. When you click on point B, the elevation is drawn, with siding in this case.

To add a foundation, click on the Fill tool. Select from fill patterns available. Click in turn on A, B, C, and D to outline an area. When you click again on point D, the area is filled with the pattern selected.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

When you click on point B, the dimension is inserted.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

To insert a window, click on the Figures tool.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

When a selection is made, the image is placed in the work area as shown below at point A.

Drag the window to point B and click to insert it into the drawing.

Again using the Figures tool, another window and a door have been added below.

There are a host of options not shown above, but we hope this gives you something of the feel of the program. Elevations for all sides of the plan can be drawn. And the roof. Framing details are a snap. You can even add figures of plantings, the beginnings of your landscaping plan. Home Plan Pro is remarkably easy to learn and to use. Download your copy right now and see for yourself. http://www.homeplanpro.com/hppoffers/custom_floor_house_plan/index.html Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

TASKS 1. Define the following concepts, and, if possible, give the Spanish equivalent: 1.1. Array 1.2. Custom floor (house) plan 1.3. Fixtures 1.4. Foundation 1.5. Hinge 1.6. Joists 1.7. Landscaping plan 1.8. Latch 1.9. Studs 2. Do you consider is there any difference between Home Plan Pro, and any other CAD software? What is a Demo Lite? Can you trust such demos? Discuss and justify your answer.

THEORY: Reading & selective search techniques: skimming and scanning. Grammar review. Patterns of cohesion. Vocabulary: Units of measure. Calculating. Basic technical vocabulary. Reading mathematical formulae, diagrams, graphs and symbols. Developing skills. Parts of the house. The rooms. Equipment. Writing a project brief. Presenting a house project to a customer. RECOMMENDED SITES: (http://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/2008/jul/100708hp1.htm) •

Construction Glossary from Home Building Manual (http://www.homebuildingmanual.com/Glossary.htm)

•

Electronic symbol (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbol)

•

How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement (http://www.unc.edu/%7Erowlett/units/large.html)

•

Interpreting property ads

•

Jim Loy's Mathematics Page (http://www.jimloy.com/math/math.htm)

•

Long and short scales (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scales)

•

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online (http://www.ldoceonline.com/)

•

Math Resources - Tutorials, Formulas, Directories (http://www.khake.com/page47.html)

•

Metric Conversion Tables (http://www.simetric.co.uk/)

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “You can't direct the wind but you can adjust the sails.” – Anonymous

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

•

Real Estate Marketing Articles (http://www.armingyourfarming.com/knowledge/index.php)

•

Simbología electrónica - Símbolos electrónicos (http://www.simbologiaelectronica.com/)

•

Welcome to the Electronics Club (http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/index.htm)

TASKS 1. What is the gist of the above texts? Do you think the authors tried to be sarcastic or humoristic? Give arguments to support your answer. [Maximum 50 words] 2. For future reference, and also to help you get acquainted with technical words both in English and in Spanish, you should start a glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor. The following fields should be included: English term, Spanish equivalent, definition, related hyperlinks, synonyms and antonyms. If you want, you may expand these fields. You are advised to work in groups, and advance at a rate of some 50 new words per week. By the end of the year, your glossary should include some 400-500 words. 3.

(Crear tabla con unidades más communes, y sus equivalents Br o Am)

4. Watch the following You Tube video-clips and then answer the questions below:

CURSO 2008 – 2009

4.1. «Du yu spik Inglich?» (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=bHlPk5O_OsA) 4.1.1.

What is the gist of video? Make a brief summary in 30-50 words.

4.1.2.

What seems to be the problem?

4.1.3.

If you had been the hotel receptionist, what would you have done? Would you have tried to explain yourself, or right on the contrary, would you have just hung the phone? Justify your answer [Maximum 50 words]

4.2. «The Italian Man who went to Malta» (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=q2YZ9hsT6Ck) and then answer the questions below: 4.2.1.

What seems to be the problem?

4.2.2.

How many minimal pairs (i.e., nearly homophone words), such as ship [ʃɪp] ≠ sheep [ʃi:p] can you spot?

4.2.3.

What piece of advice would you give to our friend?

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 3. Types of Buildings PROJECT MANAGEMENT MASTERCLASS

How to Run a Building Project You can enjoy great savings compared to using a builder and have much more control — but is project management really for you, and where do you start? Jason Orme explains

Buying Materials

The starting point for any serious shopping trip for all the materials you’ll need or your construction project is something that’s rather grandly called a ‘Bill of Quantities’12. Most builders and industry types will refer to it as a ‘take-off’, but whatever you call it, it’s essentially a long list of the quantities of materials you’ll need along with a price. Years of experience are not easy to replace but the good news for novice self-build project managers is that there are a few new tools available in different forms that will do the same job. First of all, investing in one of the project management software programs would be an undoubted help. Easy Price Pro’s Self-build NHE Estimator offers to price up a job, state required materials, advise on lead-in times and estimate a build schedule. It costs £19913 + VAT. HBXL’s Estimator Xpress offers build cost estimates, scheduling guidance and cash-flow 12

It’s worth usually establishing a relationship a Bill of Quantities (BOQ): Bidding document prepared by a quantity surveyor, with it is an merchant — in to addition to itemized list of materials, parts, and local labourbuilders’ (with their costs) required construct, they will be a useful source of maintain, or repair a specific structure.materials (BusinessDictionary.Com) 13 information, guidance and experience, not to £199: approx. 250 € mention credit…

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

GET A FIRM IDEA ON QUANTITIES AND COSTS FROM THE START

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

charts from £50014. Even better, it uses Jewson to provide real-life estimates and has even pre-negotiated discounts. “Establish a relationship with a local merchant from the start… you’ll be able to arrange the best credit terms”

For those just after a simple cost estimate and take-off for materials then the local builders’ merchants might well be prepared to offer free take-offs from building-standard plans. It will take a couple of weeks and provided you are after standard solutions (available, of course, through the specific merchant) then it’s a good starting point.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

BUY YOUR MATERIALS FROM THE RIGHT PLACES Merchants Establish a relationship with a local merchant from the start. As someone managing a construction site you’ll need quick and easy access to, at the very least, the simpler building products such as building sand, timber, blocks, cement and so on. The merchant is still the preferred route for the vast majority of building materials (everything from timber to bricks) and so if you want to buy those materials, you will need to use a merchant. While it’s wise to shop around initially, it usually pays to establish an account with just one local merchant — you’ll be able to negotiate the best discounts through the promise Where Can I Buy? Merchants (General, DIY or Specialist)

Direct/Online

Cement

Stone

Sand

Ready-mix concrete

Bricks

Roof trusses

Drainage

Insulation (specialist merchants)

Joinery

Roofing

Timber

High-quality guttering

Guttering

Glazing/windows

Lintels

Some kitchens and bathrooms

Plumbing, heating and electrical supplies

Ironmongery

Paint

Underfloor heating

Plaster

Flooring

of quantity of sales and you’ll also be able to arrange the best credit terms (you’ll be paying on invoice – terms up to 60 days – through merchants, rather than upfront as you would through conventional retailers). There are, of course, specialist plumbing and electrical merchants who should, in theory at least, supply all of the requirements and much more choice besides. It’s a rather fun experience for the novice – a bit like wandering into the ‘Four Candles’ sketch 14

£500: approx. 628 € Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

DIY Sheds Although they are not having a great time of it at the moment, thanks to the perceived end of the DIY boom of the 1990s, the major ‘sheds’ (as they are known in the industry) do offer something to the novice project manager. They have prices clearly on display, which is a big help (even if the prices aren’t particularly competitive) and staff who at least in theory can offer some useful advice, although this advice is aimed very much at the accomplished DIYer rather than serious local builder — most of whom wouldn’t be seen dead in one. That said, the new crop of merchant-lite ‘Warehouse’ stores from B&Q certainly helps to address this issue, and it’s worth checking out the so-called ‘Trade Counters’ at these stores, along with Wickes (which is owned by Travis Perkins and always has had a more serious feel). Last but not least, Screwfix (owned by the same people as B&Q, SEE BELOW) is a favourite of the building trade and offers upfront pricing on all manner of materials, complete with guaranteed next-day delivery. At the very least it’s an exceptionally good resource for comparing prices. Direct/Online Whereas, traditionally, building materials suppliers would target merchants and rely on them to promote their wares to their customers, the industry is changing and many manufacturers are beginning to work on retailing their goods directly. It’s all a bit hit-and-miss but it’s fair to say that all of the advertisers in this magazine would be happy to sell direct to you.

The Two Ronnies – Four Candles (Plot): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_candles || Two Ronnies – Four Candles (video): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qu9MptWyCB8

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

from The Two Ronnies15 – but you’ll be able to rely on exceptional free, usually friendly, advice. That said, local merchants can occasionally be intimidating places for novices to use, which brings us to…

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

“Builder? Pah!”16 These self-builders took on project management roles — to great success

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Caron Pain built a five bedroom house in Norfolk (completed 2006) for just £110,00017 – and in just five months – thanks to taking on the role of project manager. She sourced all the materials herself (often in creative ways, through the internet and local DIY stores) and managed all the labour for the project. “My main tool was an A4 pad,” she says. “Everyday I would just write down everything that was needed for the job and I made dozens of phone calls.” Terry Morgan and Sarah Lay not only project managed the construction of their four bedroom home in Oxfordshire but designed it themselves too. It cost them £134,00018 to build. Homebuilding & Renovating (H&R) September 2008, pp 96-97 (http://www.homebuilding.co.uk/)

RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Business Dictionary. Com (http://www.businessdictionary.com/)

•

Construction Glossary from Home Building Manual (http://www.homebuildingmanual.com/Glossary.htm)

•

Homebuilding & Renovating (H&R) (http://www.homebuilding.co.uk/)

TASKS Pah: A word to show disregard for something. Urban Dictionary (http://www.urbandictionary.com/) 17 £110,000: approx. 140,780 € 18 £134,000: approx. 171,400 € 16

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

1. Why is it worth establishing a relationship with a local builders’ merchant? 2. Why can local merchants occasionally be intimidating places for novices? 3. What are DIY sheds? What is the difference between paying upfront and paying on invoice? Which one is more beneficial for the novice builder? 4. DIY sheds vs. local merchants and retailers vs. direct/online warehouses. Give an example of local companies that may be included in each group. 5. According to the article, is there any advantage in managing –and possibly designing– the construction project ourselves? Justify your answer. 6. What should we expect when we see and ad about a “5-bedroomed house”? Is diningroom/living-room included in that description? What is the usual description for houses in Spain? Give some examples. 7. Words such as: attic, backyard, conservatory, dormer, entresol, fence, garden, greenhouse, hedge, intercom, larder, lift, loft, pantry, patio, stairs, studio, terrace roof, etc. may be found on any housing ad description. Try to complete the list, adding their Spanish equivalents. 8. The following comments were taken from the YouTube homepage (The Four Candles sketch). Do you agree? If possible, try to tell a similar experience or anecdote you may have experienced. 8.1. “I used to work in retail, and yes, we had people like that. It would be a lovely 8.2. “In small communities in the middle of nowhere, back when car ownership was

as prevalent as it is today, the local shop would often be "a general store", which stocked a little of everything. A kind of "superstore" in miniature. These days, though, most everyone has a car and a freezer for keeping food for long periods, so folks mostly do a "weekly shop" at a large supermarket instead, as it's more convenient. So you don't see these kinds of shops - the "general store" - very often anymore.”

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

job if it wasn't for the customers!”

CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

We have dozens of stock house plans ready to build We have years of experience working in the planning and decision making phase and over these years have built up this great collection of house plans. Stock house plans for all type of lots, families and tastes. If you find a plan that is close, but not quite what your need, we can take that basic plan and customize to suit your needs. We will help make your dream a reality. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

We use state of the art design techniques and are familiar with the latest technology on building materials and methods. We are able to provide you with blueprints to get competitive quotes from trades and provide service and support through your construction process. Have a look through our gallery of recent stock home plans, each displays an elevation view and floor plan. You can download a PDF file of each house plan by itself, or download our entire stock house plan catalogue and browse through it. Once you find the house plan you want, you can order the plans online or call us to place the order. http://www.plantechdesign.com/stock.php

Coastal House Plan - The Coastal style usually features an open house plan that may be elevated off the ground. Coastal homes are similar to other styles such as beach homes, waterfront homes, or Cape Cod homes.

http://www.housedesignideas.com/house-plans.php

TASKS 1. Define the following concepts: 1.1. Blueprints 1.2. Customize to suit one’s needs. 1.3. State of the art 2. Define the following house styles: 2.1. Adobe House

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Adobe House Plan - The Adobe style is similar to the Santa Fe and the Southwestern style of home design. This is a style, not a construction type.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

2.2. Beach House 2.3. Cape cod House 2.4. Coastal House 2.5. waterfront House 3. With the help of Houseplans.Com (http://www.houseplans.com/), compare the above house pictures with the styles used in the Canary Isles (both old and new). Do you spot any similarities? Are there any differences?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “I hear and I forget. I listen and I understand. I do and I remember.” – Chinese proverb THEORY: Grammar review: How to write a coherent text. The IMRAD pattern and other structures. How to present bibliography, references and other sources. Special summary techniques: Outline. Abstract (informative, descriptive, evaluative). The Index/Key Words. Précis. Report. Developing skills. Shapes. Dimensions. Materials. Material properties. Measurements, quantities and numbers (dates, fractions, money). Writing a complete description of a building. Defining buildings by class, colour, size, parts, purpose, etc. Making an oral presentation of a building. RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Business Dictionary. Com (http://www.businessdictionary.com/)

•

Colorado State University Writing Guides: Writing Abstracts (http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/documents/abstract/index.cfm)

•

Construction Glossary from Home Building Manual (http://www.homebuildingmanual.com/Glossary.htm)

•

English Grammar Guide (http://www.learnenglish.de/grammarpage.htm)

•

Home Style Guide (http://architecture.about.com/od/housestyles/tp/housestylesindex.htm)

•

House (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House)

•

Learn English On-line (LEO) network (http://www.learnenglish.de/)

•

List of house types (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_house_types )

•

Semi-detached (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-detached)

•

Simple Guide to Suffixes (http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/suffixtext.htm)

•

Single-family detached home (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singlefamily_detached_home)

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

TASKS 1. Work on your assigned glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor by adding new vocabulary from the text. By the end of this week you should already have 60-100 terms. 4. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «Global Warning» (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=C3pujlkSTqo&mode=related&search) 4.1. What have big corporations and politicians done about global warming & climate change? 4.2. What alternatives to oil-energy sources are offered? 4.3. Is there any reason why this clip is called “Global WaRNing”, instead of the more logical “Global WaRMing”? 5. Skimming & Scanning: In each paragraph, spot the term that mostly condenses the idea dealt with or explained there. 6. Now, proceed to deliver the main ideas as developed in each paragraph (précis). 7. Once provided with the extracted information above, work on and write down the text’s structure. 19

(informative and/or evaluative) for How to Run a Building Project

CURSO 2008 – 2009

8. Write a possible abstract article.

Abstracts: brief summaries of a scientific or technical paper addressed to a specialist public, often used to help the reader quickly evaluate the paper/conference importance. Abstracts may be grouped into three classes: Descriptive, Informative and Evaluative. Descriptive Abstracts, becoming very rare, usually present just the gist of the text, in two or three lines. They can be seen as a content table in paragraph form. Informative Abstracts, are more elaborated, and show a detailed outline of the whole text, usually following the IMRAD pattern, and including citations and bibliography. Evaluative Abstracts are devised as a piece of literary criticism to sell a product. They usually start with a description of the product/text, followed by technical details, to end with the specialist’s opinion and/or proposal.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 4. The Construction Project Pre-construction

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Congratulations! You have made the decision to build a new house. Now you must decide where you want to live and purchase the perfect building lot. It has to be in a great neighborhood, close to where you work and where you want your children to attend school. Is the property served by public utilities or will you need to have a perc20 test performed and a well21 drilled? Is their an architectural review committee that will need to approve your house plans? What are the zoning restrictions, building set-backs, future development plans for the area? Will access be a problem during construction or bad weather? Have you seen the property during a heavy rain? Be sure that you take the time to consider all of the related aspects of the property you are considering. Next, you will need to determine exactly what you need and want in your new home. Do you want a rancher, split level, or 2story22 house? How many bedrooms and baths do you need? Will it have an island in the kitchen, a home office, or a large family room? Homebuilding books and magazines are a great source of design ideas - not only things that you will want to incorporate, but also those that you will definitely not want to include. You can also get ideas by perusing online house plan collections, specialized plan books, and homebuilding software, which often contains hundreds of sample floor plans and elevations. You may also want to seriously consider meeting with one or more architects or designers at this stage. While their fees will typically represent about 8 to 15% of the cost of your home, a good architect may very well be able to help you save more money than they charge for their services. After all, designing and overseeing the construction of buildings is their job. Depending upon your personal abilities and characteristics, your available time, your wants and needs, and your current circumstances, designing and building the home that you really want may very well require the knowledge and experience of a professional.

PERC: Property and Environment Research Center (Water) well: an artificial excavation or structure for the purpose of withdrawing water 22 Story: AmEng spelling for BrEng storey, a floor or level of a building 20 21

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

After you finally settle on a suitable design, you will need to identify all of the materials and finishes23 that you want to go along with it. There are literally thousands of items that go into the construction of a new home and every single one of them must be specified by someone. Those that you specify clearly enough for others to understand may actually end up the way you want them. However, those that are not specifically mentioned or clearly defined will almost certainly wind up being something other than you thought they would be. So, in order to get the things that you want the way you really want them, be sure that you put everything - and I do mean EVERYTHING - in writing and in as much detail as necessary, to create clear, complete, and accurate construction plans and specifications. Besides their importance in building your new house, these documents will be needed in order to create an accurate budget. You cannot realistically expect to know how much your house will cost to build, until you know exactly what you are trying to construct.

During the pre-construction phase you will be making some of your most important decisions. Decisions that you may have to live with for the rest of your life, or at least the life of your mortgage. http://www.b4ubuild.com/resources/index.shtml#pre-construction

TASKS 1. Complete the following cross-word about pre-construction projects. Compounds are written in one word according to British spelling usage. Definitions are given in Spanish.

Across: 1. 3. 5. 7. 9. 12. 14. 16. 18. 20.

Presupuesto Barrio, vecindario Planes urbanísticos Restricciones urbanísticas Vivienda a diferentes niveles Examinar con detenimiento Contratista Licencia Permiso || Piso, planta, nivel Hipoteca

Down: 1. 3. 11. 16.

Letra (de cambio), préstamo personal Problemas para construir Propiedad (Entidad) Financiera

Quality Specifications: The proper identification of all the materials and finishes in a preconstruction project 24 Bonds: Home loan applied for when planning to build a home or make major renovations. From the date of bond registration, building must start within 6 months and be completed within 1 year. After the building completion, it may be turned into a normal home mortgage.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Finally, you will need to interview contractors, search for a lender, obtain the required financing, sign contracts with the people that will help you build your dream, and apply for the permits, licenses, bonds24, and zoning variances that are required in order to build in your new local jurisdiction.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS 1

I Z

E N

R P

19 20

17 18

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Y M

2. Give the Spanish equivalents of the following house styles: 2.1. Duplex 2.2. Rancher 2.3. Split-level 2.4. Two-storey house 3. Is there any difference between an estimate and a budget? 4. The author recommends the novice project manager to put absolutely all quality specifications in writing. Do you agree? Now, have a look at the “I’d like a swing” cartoon included on unit 14 (page …). Can you identify the origin of the problem? 5. Describe your (ideal) neighbourhood. What setbacks and future development plans can you indentify? Why? Give reasons. 6. Imagine you are either to buy, or to build a house. What are the items you should take into account, before taking such a decision? Why? 7. For future reference, with the help of the Metric Conversion Tables site (http://www.simetric.co.uk/), compile a table with the main metrical Units of Measurement, and their equivalents according to the Imperial25 and the U.S. customary units26 systems.

25 26

Imperial System: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unit United States customary units: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Do I Really Need A Building Permit? Granted, obtaining a building permit takes time, money, and frequently patience and persistence. Nonetheless, before you decide one way or the other regarding whether to obtain a permit, it makes sense to know the reasoning behind the permitting process and what's at risk. The building permitting process ensures that structures adhere to approved minimum standards or codes of construction. This process protects residents, guests, and future property owners from unsafe building practices. Your deckbuilding project may not seem complex enough to you to require a permit, especially if you live in an area that requires getting "bonded", submitting numerous plans, and paying a fee. Nevertheless, do not try to circumvent the permitting process. Save yourself from potential future trouble by obtaining a building permit before you begin work.

Also, don’t assume that just because your project won’t be visible from the road that you’re in the clear. All it takes is one unhappy neighbor placing an anonymous phone call to bring trouble your way. Likewise, the salesperson at the lumberyard28 or the delivery guy may have a deal worked out with someone at the city or town hall. Check Point - Obtaining a building permit can be a bit of a challenge to the do-it-yourself builder. If you'd like to learn more about the permitting process and the paperwork involved, hear tips from an expert on how to get along with your Building Inspector, and read about Building Codes and the types of building site considerations that will help to prevent a lot of extra work, consider purchasing a password. For a very small fee, you can get a password today and have immediate access to a truck load of comprehensive, money-saving information. Even if you construct the deck or gazebo without incident, you still may get caught. If your house happens to be visited by an evaluator for tax assessment purposes, he/she may be able to see from their notes that a structure has been added or enlarged. If this happens, word may still get back to the building officials. Furthermore, when it comes time to sell your house, it's not uncommon for future buyers to ask for building permits on all major additions and renovations. Not being able to provide the necessary paperwork will at the very least put you in the uncomfortable position of having to apply for a permit after-the-fact and most likely paying penalties. Worse yet, it could scare the buyers away. Finally, some homeowner’s insurance policies have exclusions on major work done without a permit. If someone has an accident, your claim may be denied. 27 28

Steep: high || Having a sharp inclination, especially when speaking about slopes. Lumberyard: An establishment that sells timber and other building materials from a yard.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

In some areas, the penalties for building without a permit can be quite steep27. You may be required to tear apart the entire structure and pay a fine. At a minimum, if you’re caught without a permit, you’ll be required to stop work until a permit is obtained. If it’s a busy time of year, this may take weeks or months.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

The bottom line is that probably none of this will ever happen but it’s just not worth the risk. Plan ahead and make inquires with your local Building Inspector well before you intend on starting work. The content under the "How-To" menu is a small sampling of all the material covered on BestDeckSite. For immediate access to in-depth information on obtaining a permit, the permitting process, a Building Code checklist, as well as, comprehensive coverage of all aspects of gazebo29 and deck building30, get a password and log-in now. http://www.bestdecksite.com/introPlanPg2.htm

TASKS 1. What is the gist of the above texts? Do you think the authors tried to be sarcastic or humoristic? Give arguments to support your answer. 2. What problems might arise from unlicensed self-building and/or illegal buildings in the Canary Isles? Can you provide an example from your area? Have any building setbacks arisen during stormy weather? (E.g. when building on the bed of a ravine, or along its banks).

CURSO 2008 – 2009

3. Whom is this text intended to? The self-builder or the contractor? 4. Is it advisable to obtain a building permit after starting works? Justify your answer 5. According to the author, should we try skipping the application for a building permit on the grounds that “it may never happen at all”? Why?

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “When inspiration does not come to me, I go half way to meet it.” – Sigmund Freud THEORY: Vocabulary: Shape, dimensions, material, colour, weight, … Parts and components. Practicing technical descriptions. Grammar review: Location and position. Word formation with suffixes. Word formation with prefixes. Noun compounds. Developing skills. Erecting a building. Commissioning a building. The construction process. Passive. Writing a construction progress report. Schedules and time estimates. Sequencing. Describing changes. Procedures. Describing a construction site performance record. Time, quality, and cost issues. Explaining a diagram. Visual-verbal relationships. Interpreting charts, graphs, diagrams and tables.

Gazebo: a pavilion structure, often octagonal, commonly found in parks, gardens, and spacious public areas (http://en.wikipedia.org) 30 Deck (building): A flat surface capable of supporting weight, similar to a floor, but typically constructed outdoors, often elevated from the ground, and usually connected to a building (http://en.wikipedia.org) Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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•

Colorado State University Writing Guides: Writing Abstracts (http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/documents/abstract/index.cfm)

•

Construction Permit (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_permit)

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English Online - Writing Skills – instructions (http://www.englishonline.co.uk/englishnon/literacy/literacy11-14/instruct.html)

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Managing Construction Projects (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/winch/contents.htm)

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Metric Conversion Tables (http://www.simetric.co.uk/)

•

Motorcycle Electrical Parts (ElectroSport Industries): Fault Finding http://www.electrosport.com/electrosport_fault_finding.html

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¿Necesito un Permiso de Construcción? (http://www.portlandonline.com/shared/cfm/image.cfm?id=128645)

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Online Technical Writing: Instructions (http://www.io.com/~hcexres/textbook/instrux.html)

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Permits Protect (http://www.permitsprotect.info/)

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Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide (http://www.awc.org/Publications/dca/dca6/dca6.pdf)

•

The University of Mississippi Writing Center (http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/writing_center/grabstract.html)

TASKS 1. Work on your assigned glossary Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor. By the end of this week you should already have 90-150 terms. 2. Provide the URL links to, at least, two free on-line Homebuilding magazines. 3. Watch the following You Tube video-clip, «Notebook PC Explodes» (http://mx.youtube.com/watch?v=qmPm-YV9vdA&feature=related) and then answer the questions: 3.1. What is the purpose of this video? What is their main piece of advice? 3.2. How many kinds of fires are named? (Say both the number and the name). 3.3. What should the right procedure be in such a situation? 4. As you may have seen so far, American English (AmEng) spelling is somewhat different from British English (BrEng) standard spelling. Make a list with main differences between both writing systems. 5. Fill in the gaps of the following text with the words provided. Use the floor plan as a guide.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The COTTAGE on COTTAGE

The _______________, which was _______________ several years ago, still embodies the charm of its era without sacrificing _______________. High, curved _______________, original _______________ and hardwood _______________ combined with _______________ and comfortable _______________ make this _______________ a lovely place to relax during one’s visit to the area. The unit features two _______________ (one with a _______________, the other with two twins), a well equipped modern eat-in _______________ with _______________ countertops, a spacious bathroom with _______________ and shower, and a grand _______________ complete with a bay window, decorative fireplace, and sitting areas. A rear covered _______________ allows for cooking on the gas grill while the delightful _______________ and garden welcome visitors to an _______________ _______________ community. www.cottageoncottage.com/accomod.htm

all-but-lost, bedrooms, ceilings, comfort, cottage, façade, floors, furnishings, kitchen, marble, old-fashioned, parlour, porch, queen bed, renovated, tub, townhouse, well-chosen, woodwork

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 5. Safety on the Construction Site Safeguards

CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY 1 EXCAVATIONS Excavations of all types require barricading and hand railing of substantial materials so as to prevent persons from failing into them. Excavations or trenches exceeding 1.5 metres should have INFORMATION shoring to walls and faces or as stipulated by regulations. Ladder access must be provided to and from ALL excavations and trenches. POWER TOOLS Power saws, grinders and other power tools must have proper guards in place at all times and be protected at all times by an ELCB unit. Cords and hoses must be placed so as not to create a tripping hazard, or be subjected to damage from equipment or materials. •

Repaired by licensed electrician only

•

Tested as per the relevant regulations

COMPRESSED AIR Many site operations, tools and equipment use compressed air for power or cleaning down. Compressed air can also injure or kill. It can blast slivers of wood, steel and concrete into eyes, through skin, and deep into flesh. It can peel skin off in a second. It can burst lungs. It can even enter the blood stream and stop a heart for good. IT DESERVES TO BE TREATED WITH RESPECT. Check airlines and tools before use, fasten all hose connections securely. DO NOT use compressed air to blow dust from clothing or skin, death may result. GUARD RAILS All openings in the ground and all penetrations in floors MUST be fitted with guard rails or handrails. If you see any missing or damaged report it promptly. Any barrier removed to carry out work MUST be replaced before leaving the area. LADDERS Before using any ladder it must be inspected for damage. Wooden ladders are not to be painted. Damaged ladders are not to be used under any circumstances. Ladders are to be soundly constructed, long enough for the job and secured at the top and/or bottom. Set the ladder at the correct angle of 1 in 4 before climbing. Tools should not be carried in your hands when climbing up or down.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

They must also be:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Never use a metal ladder adjacent to suspended electrical conductors unless they have been isolated. Clean mud and grease off footwear before using ladders. Face the ladder when climbing and use both hands to hang on. Make sure the ladder is long enough to do the job and protrudes at least one metre above the work platform or landing platform. ACCIDENT REPORTING All accidents need to be reported so that they may be investigated and analysed. It is also a legal requirement in some cases. If there is an accident, please make sure it is reported, no matter how small it is. Remember it's in everybody’s interest to know! INJURY REPORTING

CURSO 2008 – 2009

All injuries must be reported to the first-aid attendant/foreman for treatment and recording. The first-aid attendant will carry out treatment initially and recommend follow-up treatment, whether it be a return to the first-aid room at a later time or a referral to a doctor. To assist in a workers compensation claim it is essential to have any injury recorded at the time of happening. Certain injuries are also required to be notified to WorkCover. CHEMICALS and FIBRE-BASED PRODUCTS All chemicals and fibre-based substances introduced to site must not be used unless accompanied by a Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). The responsible foreman will ensure that the use of these products will not be harmful to those workers handling them, and that the correct procedures for use and the type of protective equipment (if necessary) should be worn. If it is not possible to safely use any substance or there is a doubt about MSDS information, then the substance or product must not be used until the correct information is available, or an alternative can be found. FURTHER INFORMATION SafeWork SA GPO Box 465 ADELAIDE SA 5001 Tel. 1300 365 255 (If calling from a mobile phone or from interstate tel. (08) 8303 0400) Website: www.safework.sa.gov.au Issued March 2000 Safeguard Construction Site Safety 1 This information is provided to offer guidance on a particular aspect of legislation. It is not to be taken as a statement of law and must not be construed to waive or modify any legal obligation. A business unit of the Department for Administrative and Information Services http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/uploaded_files/cs1i.pdf Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

TASKS 1. Reading comprehension: 1.1. What are “shoring to walls and faces”? 1.2. What risks may be involved in using compressed air machinery? 1.3. What parts of the body might be affected? 1.4. Is there any difference between “isolated conductors” and “insulated conductors”? (As in “never use a metal ladder adjacent to suspended electrical conductors unless they have been…”) 1.5. According to the context, what may possibly mean to protrude? (As in “the ladder is long enough … and protrudes at least one metre…”) 1.6. To whom should we report in case of a possible injury? 1.7. Why shouldn’t we use any substance if we don’t know the required MSDS? Is there any risk for human health involved?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

2. Where could you find the site safety signs shown below? What do they mean? Is this list complete, or are there any other important signs missing?

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Safety Services for Contractors Working safely is a top priority at NB Power31, and as a result, we offer several safety services to contractors working in New Brunswick. Before beginning work, please contact NB Power to see how we can help make your job site a safer place to work. We provide the following services: Locating and marking underground wiring De-energizing and insulating overhead lines Raising overhead lines Providing warning signs for hazard zones For your convenience, we now offer two ways to access these services: Contractor Service Line You may contact NB Power by dialling our toll free number 1-800-663-6272. To speak with one of our customer interaction agents directly, press the # button.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Online Submissions NB Power has recently added the option of submitting requests online 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Using this online submission gives you the convenience of making requests on evenings and weekends, so you don’t have to take time away from the job during business hours. NB Power personnel will respond to your online requests within 48 hours. Click here to visit the request page32. (Please note: this form is not intended for emergencies) Protect your bottom line and your lifeline A little planning and preparation before construction begins can save you from costly delays, fines and repairs. More importantly, planning can prevent needless injury and even death. Keep your distance Check with NB Power to identify voltages on any overhead lines and find out how close you can safely work near the lines. If you must conduct work near overhead lines, call NB Power first to assess the area. NB Power can insulate or deactivate the lines to make the area safer to work in. Minimum safe distances: Up to 750 volts - 0.9 metres (3 feet) 751 to 100 000 volts - 3.6 metres (12 feet) 100 001 to 250 000 volts - 5.2 metres (17 feet) 250 001 to 345 000 volts - 6.1 metres (20 feet) NB Power (French: Énergie NB), formerly known as New Brunswick Power Corporation is an electrical utility in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. 32 https://secure.nbpower.com/en/inquiries/inquiries.aspx?type=8 31

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Call before you dig

Worksite safety tips Use caution when moving equipment or tools around overhead lines. This includes cranes, backhoes, scaffolding, or long lengths of pipe. Never get closer than the miniumum safe distance.

Use a designated signaller who knows the minimum safe distances to help equipment operators steer clear of overhead lines.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Hitting or damaging underground electric cables can be just as dangerous as touching overhead lines, resulting in serious injury or death. To avoid contact with underground lines, call NB Power at least two working days before work is scheduled to begin. NB Power can come to the job site and mark the location of underground wiring.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Remember, the minimum safe distances apply to anything that can possibly reach, slip, or fall from the work area. Increase your working distance whenever you're using equipment that can fall or collapse, such as booms, cranes, ladders and scaffolds. Keep hazards and the minimum safe distances well marked with signs provided by NB Power.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

If the minimum safe distances can't be maintained when moving equipment around lines, take another route or call NB Power. If you must work within close proximity to power lines call NB Power to deactivate/deenergize the lines or insulate the wires prior to commencing the work.

Workers should keep clear of all big equipment/machines working around power lines. Locator flags can tell you where the underground cables are located but not how deeply they are buried. Hand digging only, using safe techniques, must be used to determine the exact location of the cables, prior to beginning any machine digging operation. What to do if you accidentally contact the lines Call 911 and NB Power (1 800 663-6272)

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

If possible, try and drive a safe distance away from any fallen line (10 metres/33 feet). If you cannot safely stay clear, stay on the equipment or in the vehicle until an NB Power representative says it is safe to get off. If your vehicle is on fire, open the doors as wide as you can, while keeping your feet inside, then put both feet together at the edge of the opening and jump at least 0.6 - 0.9 metres (2-3 feet) clear of the vehicle with both feet together. NEVER TOUCH THE GROUND AND THE VEHICLE AT THE SAME TIME. Move 10 metres (33 feet) away by keeping both feet on the ground and shuffling your feet or by jumping with both feet together. This prevents you from becoming a part of the electrical circuit, avoiding serious injury or death. Touching someone in contact with electricity could shock you as well. If a coworker touches a power line stay clear and call 911 and NB Power. Also keep other workers away from the area to avoid electrocution. http://www.nbpower.com/en/commitment/safety/contractors/contractors.aspx

TASKS

1.1. What are “shoring to walls and faces”? 1.2. What risks may be involved in using compressed air machinery? 1.3. What parts of the body might be affected? 1.4. Is there any difference between “isolated conductors” and “insulated conductors”? (As in “never use a metal ladder adjacent to suspended electrical conductors unless they have been…”) 1.5. According to the context, what may possibly mean to protrude? (As in “the ladder is long enough … and protrudes at least one metre…”) 2. Give appropriate labels to the following clipart images:

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Backhoe

Crane

Length of pipe

Scaffolding

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

1. Reading comprehension:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Fall from mobile crane bucket during descending

[Description of the Accident] This accident occurred during work to dismantle some suspended scaffolding that had been used to carry out repair work on a signboard. The work was started by using a mobile crane to lower the beam33 that had supported the suspended scaffolding. In order to remove the scaffolding flooring, the victim then rode the bucket of the mobile crane and started to sling34 and lower the flooring to the ground by the crane. During this operation, the bucket carrying the scaffolding got caught on an angle fitting used to support the signboard, and the victim tried to free the bucket by swinging it back and forth35. Immediately thereafter, the bucket came loose from the hook of the crane and the victim fell to the ground. [Causes supposed] 1. The operator of the crane lifted the bucket while the victim was riding atop36 the suspended scaffolding in the bucket. 2. When trying to free up the caught flooring, the worker rode atop the suspended scaffolding flooring while swinging the bucket back and forth. 3. Adequate arrangements were not made in advance regarding the working methods, etc., to be used in dismantling and removing the Beam: a long heavy piece of wood or metal used in building houses, bridges, etc. To sling: To throw or put something somewhere with a careless movement and some force. 35 Swinging back and forth: to make regular movements forwards and backwards or from one side to another while hanging from a particular point, or to make something do this. 36 Atop: on top of something. 33 34

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

scaffolding. [Type of business]

Other building construction work

[Caused by]

Mobile crane

[Type of accident]

Fall

[Number of victims]

One fatality37 [This is the archive page of JICOSH on 2008/03/31]

http://www.jniosh.go.jp/icpro/jicosh-old/english/cases/cases/case82.html

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Even the clearest water appears opaque at great depth.” – Anonymous THEORY: Grammar review: Patterns of technical descriptions. Temporal clauses. Reduced temporal clauses. Developing skills

•

Acronym Finder (http://www.acronymfinder.com/)

•

English for Special Purposes: Business, Corporations, Law, Economics, Management and Marketing (http://www.salzburgseminar.org/ASC/csacl/progs/esp/links.htm)

•

Human Anatomy Online (http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html)

•

Online Technical Writing: Technical Description (http://www.io.com/~hcexres/textbook/desc.html)

•

Recommendations for Writing Effective Technical Descriptions (www.kristisiegel.com/EffectiveTechnicalDescriptions.doc)

•

The Internet Acronym Server (http://silmaril.ie/cgi-bin/uncgi/acronyms)

•

WorkSafe BC: Construction Safety Series (http://www.worksafebc.com/publications/health_and_safety/by_topic/assets/pdf /safety_series_ladders.pdf)

TASKS 1. Write down a possible abstract for the text. Next, provide at least six key-words (both in English and in Spanish). 2. Your glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged in 30-50 new entries. By the end of this week you should already have 120-200 terms. 3. Beam may be rendered into Spanish as “viga”. What other construction materials can you think of? Make a bilingual list and add it to you glossary. Fatality: a death in an accident or a violent attack. Not to be confused with casualty, someone who is hurt or killed in an accident or war.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

4. Grammar exercises: make sentences out of the text contents using “when...”, “at the same time”, “after”, “before”. 5. Grammar review: locate text’s examples of prefixes, suffixes and compound nouns, if any. 6. Grammar review: Infinitive vs. Gerund after action verbs. Is there any difference in meaning between: the victim tried to free the bucket and the victim tried freeing the bucket? Provide other examples from the text together with your answer. 7. Grammar review: Is there any difference between loose [lu:s] and lose [lu:z]? 8. Watch the following Metacafe video-clip: «40$ USB Spy Telescope» (http://www.metacafe.com/watch/1091833/40_usb_spy_telescope/) and then answer the questions below: 8.1. What did you understand, roughly? 8.2. Generally speaking, what sort of audio text is it: tone, type of presentation, formal or informal, target audience (is it a cheap or expensive product/presentation), etc. Why? Give out reasons or textual clues to support your contention. 8.3. Lexicon: try to spot as many technical terms as possible (four items minimum).

CURSO 2008 – 2009

8.4. What aspects or curiosities/particularities caught on your attention? Why? What kind of video is it? What is its purpose or finality? (humorous, tutorial, essay, scientific or entertainment, professional, “home-baked”/”do-it-yourself” (DIY) (ASAP) 9. Describe a site accident in a similar way. You may arrange your report by using connectors and link words (“first”, “then”, “therefore”, “after –ing”, “before –ing”, “which”, “whose”...)

http://www.pioneertelephonecoop.com/~mchumor/construction_hardware.html

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 6. Solving Construction Engineering problems Beijing probes38 anti-quake capabilities of "Bird's Nest," CCTV leaning towers EDS: updates with new constructions rules by Xinhua39 writer Cao Kai

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Following the Sichuan earthquake that claimed nearly 70,000 lives as confirmed so far, Beijing authorities are probing the anti-earthquake capabilities of major super-high buildings in the capital, including the uniquely-shaped National Stadium and the leaning towers of the new headquarters for China Central Television (CCTV).

China Central Television (CCTV) Headquarters (Beijing)

Many super-high buildings with innovative design and unique shape have been sprouting up in the city in recent years. But "many were designed by foreign designers who came from non-quake zones and lacked anti-quake design experience," said a Beijing Municipal Construction Committee official on Wednesday. "Some architecture plans are quite abnormal and beyond the existing design criteria," he said. 38

To probe: To explore the possibilities as if using a sound, to try out.

The Xinhua News Agency (pronounced /ʃɪnhwa/) is the official press agency of the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the biggest centre for collecting information and press conferences in the PRC. (http://en.wikipedia.org/) 39

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

The committee examined 58 super-high or complicated-style buildings with a total area of 6.2 million square meters earlier this month. The final assessment results have not been released. "It would ask developers to make changes if there were quake-prevention risks," the committee said. Buildings in downtown40 Beijing and nearby suburbs were required to be able to resist an 8.0-magnitude earthquake after the neighbouring Tangshan experienced a massive quake that claimed more than 240,000 lives in 1976. The National Stadium, nicknamed the "Bird's Nest," is famous nationwide for its giant twig-like structure of metal girders and bowl-shaped roof. Covering an area of 20.4 hectares41, it can seat 91,000 spectators over three floors for the Olympics.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The stadium employs a sophisticated structural design created by the China Architecture Design and Research Group through a collaboration with the Swissbased firm Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron.

Beijing’s National Stadium (the "Bird's Nest”)

The two conjoined CCTV towers, designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas, became known worldwide for their unique shape even while under construction.

The towers, 234 meters and 194 meters high, respectively, lean six degrees and form the main building for the new complex that has a floor space of 495,900 square meters. Beijing will strictly carry out the anti-quake probe on all the super-high buildings from now, the Beijing Municipal Construction Committee said. It also plans a comprehensive anti-quake probe on all the structures in Beijing. It suggests that the local residents consider quake prevention in house renovation and decoration. All buildings must have their quake prevention plan approved by the government before being erected, it said. Copyright © 2004 LexisNexis, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.bdcnetwork.com/index.asp?layout=articlePrint&xmlId=811274026 Building Design & Construction August 2008 40

Downtown: town/city centre

Hectare: (symbol ha, pronounced /’hɛktɛər/) A unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters (107,639.1 sq ft, 2.4710439 U.S. survey acres or 0.00386102 statute square miles) Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Opposites are not contradictory but complementary.” – Niels Bohr THEORY: Grammar review. Utility and finality. Movement. Functions and purposes. Patterns of technical descriptions. Temporal clauses. Reduced temporal clauses. Developing skills.

•

A History of Computers (http://www.maxmon.com/history.htm)

•

Grammar Tutorial (http://odl.vwv.at/english/odlres/res8/Grammar/grammar.htm)

•

History of Computers Directory (http://www.hitmill.com/computers/computerhx1.html)

•

Imperial units (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unit#Measures_of_area)

•

List of English prepositions (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_prepositions)

•

Old-computers.com! (http://www.old-computers.com/news/default.asp)

•

Richter magnitude scale (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale)

•

United States customary units (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Units_of_area)

TASKS 1. Provide the gist and make a summary of the text. 2. Outline the underlying (paragraph) structure of this text. 3. Your glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged in 30-50 new entries. By the end of this week you should already have 150-250 terms. 4. On the text you may read that “Buildings in downtown Beijing and nearby suburbs…” While downtown is usually a synonym for “city centre”, you may read many other words as synonym for suburb, such as borough, district, neighbourhood, parish, quarter (as in the old quarter), ward. Try to define them, stressing their differences, if any, and include these terms in your glossary. 5. Watch the following You Tube video-clip, «How to clone computers across the network» and then answer the questions (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=WePCtSeKnd4): 5.1. What is the aim of the video? 5.2. What is the difference between input and output in Step 3? 6. Textual analysis: suffixes, passive constructions, Simple Past/Present Perfect tenses. Collective plurals (Electronics are).

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Deck Building Tips (ejercicio de fill in the gaps)

www.creativebackyards.com/decks/building_tips.htm

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Deck Building Tips

By following these steps, you will find that building your deck is a lot easier than you might imagine. Layout Once the deck's location has been decided, the deck can be positioned using a simple surveying procedure, the 3-4-5 Rule. Stake a line 4' long parallel to the house wall. One end will be stake A, the other stake B. Connect a second line to stake A, run it perpendicularly to a point 3' away, and attach the line to stake C. The corner will be square when the distance between stakes B and C is 5'. Once you are certain the corner is square, use stakes and string to complete the outline of your deck. Accuracy is extremely important. Set Posts From the measurements in your deck plan, determine the location of the posts and mark these points with stakes. The post holes for the footings should be at least 3' deep and 12" wide. Deeper holes may be necessary depending on the frost conditions in your area. Tamp a 2" gravel base into the hole and insert an 8" diameter concrete form. Fill the hole around the tube, tamping down the soil. Fill the form with ready-mix concrete, sinking a 4x4 metal saddle into the centre of the concrete. Check that Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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saddles are level and lined up square with the house, and let the concrete cure overnight. Consult your local building official. Post height is figured by measuring the distance from the top of the proposed deck to the base of the saddles, deducting the thickness of the decking, the joists and the beams. Posts must be cut to their finished height before the beams can be attached. All cuts and holes in treated wood should be liberally brush-coated with two applications of Timber Specialties EndCoat™ preservative. Follow the instructions and advice on the label. Attach Beams Depending on the size and intended use of the deck, beams generally consist of 2x6s, 2x8s or 2x10s nailed together at 12-16" intervals with 3" galvanized nails. Attach beams to posts using 3" framing angles or special connecting hardware. It is recommended that joists be installed on 16" centres. Mark the end beams for the placement of the joists and run a chalk line across the remaining beams to mark them. Cut joists to the proper length and attach them to the beams by toe nailing with 3 1/2" galvanized nails or using metal framing connectors and 1 1/2" galvanized nails or screws. Install Decking You are now ready to start on the part of your deck that will receive the most attention — the decking. Extra care is required. Carefully inspect each board to determine the best face to show. To minimize splitting, predrill nail holes. We also recommend the use of deck screws to give a professional appearance to your deck. Butt 5/4" deck boards together. For 2" decking, leave 1/8" spacing. Check your measurements every few boards. If off slightly, don't try to correct with just one board; use two or three. Check as you go for best results. Add Stairs Premanufactured pressure treated stringers make installing stairs easy. They are generally available in three heights: 3 steps, for an elevation of 20"; 4 steps, for an elevation of 26"; and 5 steps, for an elevation of 32". For stairs with more than three steps, you may have to provide for two extra posts at the base of the stairs to support a handrail. Stringers are attached to the header or outside joist using special joist hangers. Cut risers from 2" lumber to fit the riser notch in the stringers exactly, and nail in place with 3" galvanized nails. Cut treads from the same boards used for the decking. Install with a 1" overhang in front and 1/8" spacing between boards for drainage, with 3" galvanized nails. Add a Railing

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Attach Joists

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Railings are perhaps the most important and attention-getting part of a deck. You can add a distinctive look to your new deck or remodel an existing deck with pressure treated deck accessories. Turned posts and spindles, balusters and handrails are available in a variety of styles and are easy to install.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The height of guard rails is set by building codes (35 1/2" in height for decks over 23 1/2" high, and 42" in height for decks over 71" high). The code may also require a maximum spacing between balusters or spindles of 4". Check with your local building officials before you begin to confirm the requirements in your area.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Unit 7. Construction Materials Air-purifying paving stones42 on trial The municipality of Hengelo and the University of Twente (UT) are paving a test road section in Hengelo with air-purifying stones. The top layer of the concrete stones converts nitrogen oxide from exhaust fumes into harmless nitrates.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Car exhaust fumes contain nitrogen oxides (NOx). Nitrogen oxides cause acid rain and smog43. This problem can be partly solved by using air-purifying paving stones. The top layer of the paving stones is made of air-purifying concrete. This concrete contains titanium dioxide, a photocatalytic material which uses sunlight to convert the nitrogen oxides in the air into harmless nitrates. The rain then washes the streets clean.

Based on a Japanese invention, the stones were further developed and their effectiveness demonstrated by the UT in its concrete research laboratory. The next step now is to test the stones in practice. The municipality of Hengelo has made the Castorweg location available for this purpose. The street will be divided into two sections; one half will be paved with conventional stones and the other half with air-purifying ones. The air quality will then be measured in each section to test the effectiveness of the stones. As an added bonus, the stones repel dirt and therefore always stay clean. The location in Hengelo was chosen because of the volume of cars and the fact that the road is being reconstructed. The local air quality is currently well within the norm. This trial is being carried out with stone producer Struyk Verwo Infra. As part of its ‘Effective Sustainability’ programme the province of Overijssel has granted a 42 43

Paving stones: also known as flagstones, and cobble (stones). Smog: smoke fog

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

subsidy for the project. The province of Overijssel sees these stones as a good future opportunity for improving the air quality at places where the norms are not met. The demonstration project also has national significance. The road reconstruction is expected to be completed by the end of the year. Measurements will then start early next year, with the first test results expected around the summer of 2009. Note for the press: For more information: •

Municipality of Hengelo, Communication Department, telephone (074) 2459 099.

•

University of Twente. Faculty of Engineering Technology, Prof. H.J.H. Brouwers, (053) 489 4056, h.j.h.brouwers@utwente.nl or Communication Department, Menno van Duuren, (053) 489 2210, m.vanduuren@utwente.nl. http://www.utwente.nl/en/news/2008/august/66780%20UT%20PB%20Straatstenen%20(Engels).doc/

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Universiteit Twente, August 2008

Flag of Hengelo (The Netherlands) Area (2006) – Total 61.78 km² (23.9 sq mi) Land 61.06 km² (23.6 sq mi) – Water 0.72 km² (0.3 sq mi) Population (1 January 2007) – Total 81,431 – Density 1,334/km² (3,455/sq mi)44

TASKS 1. What is the outline45 underlying the text structure? 2. What problems may arise from acid rain and smog? Could we consider them as “health hazards”? Are there any European or national regulations on air quality? Why is it so important that the air at Hengelo municipality is “currently well within the norm”? 3. What are the reasons to replace old flagstones with new ones? 4. How is the experiment going to be conducted? 5. Give examples of other renewable/sustainable energies used on either public or private buildings. Compare with San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife): Area: Total 102.06 km² (39.42 sq mi). Population (2007) 144,347. Density 1,414.33/km² (3,661.54/sq mi). 45 Outline: a hierarchical way to display related items of text to graphically depict their relationships. 44

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Nation's Largest Net-Zero Energy, Residential Community - Geos Neighborhood - Launches in Colorado Geos Neighborhood, the country's largest net-zero energy, master-planned community, announced plans for 250 residences located between Denver and Boulder, Colo. Set to begin infrastructure construction this fall, Geos Neighborhood will generate enough renewable energy to offset 100 percent of the annual energy needs of the entire community.

The development's on-site solar and geothermal systems are designed to supply 100 percent of the community's energy needs and work in conjunction with energy consumption patterns that are markedly lower than those found in the nation's average homes, thanks to everything from a groundbreaking checkerboard placement pattern of the homes that maximizes solar efficiency to advanced storm water recycling and cutting-edge heat recovery ventilators. Driving Geos Neighborhood is a vision to offer sustainable living at accessible price points; homes begin at the $200,000s46. "It's great that there are multimillion dollar homes out there with every eco47 bell and whistle imaginable," said Klebl. "Our goal with the Geos Neighborhood is to deliver these same opportunities to more than just the select few by designing a lifestyle community that is financially accessible to many more people." Sustainability is in the Details This pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use neighborhood is a complex combination of home construction, eco-engineering and community design elements that work together to maximize energy efficiency and conservation in a comfortable living environment. Special features of the Geos Neighborhood include: Airtight construction: Homes' airtight construction will achieve a low 0.1 natural air changes per hour. By contrast, the majority of U.S. homes currently being built average between 0.5 and 0.7. Heat recovery ventilators: Special ventilators will transfer 75 percent or more of the heat from air exiting the home to the fresh, filtered air entering the home. Photovoltaic solar panels: Photovoltaic solar panels will be on every building, accounting for 65 percent of total electrical offset. Checkerboard design: A groundbreaking checkerboard design model places every other home on the front of the lot, while its neighbor sits to the back, maximizing each home's solar collection. Water conservation: Serving an important dual purpose, each community green is a storm water detention 46

US$200,000.00: Approx. 135,576.03 € Eco: short for ecology or ecological. Not to be confused with echo (Repetition of a sound by reflection of sound waves from a surface)

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

"Geos significantly raises the bar for sustainable residential development," said project developer Norbert Klebl. "We're tapping a market of people who want beautiful, affordable homes that support their commitment to a truly sustainable lifestyle. People want more than a solar panel here or an energy-efficient appliance there - they want their homes to play a key role in minimizing their carbon footprints - and Geos Neighborhood does just that," said Klebl.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

basin that also serves as a neighborhood park, and storm water is recycled back into the community landscape. Home Specifics Geos Neighborhood homes will range from 860 square feet (79,90 m²) to 3,683 square feet (342,16 m²) in a variety of housing types, including single-family homes, live/work townhomes, paired homes, row homes, multi-level condos48 and co-housing. Each home's standard and upgrade features will include energy-conserving light fixtures and water conserving plumbing fixtures. Interior finishes will be low-toxic and contain low or no VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and materials will be from sustainable resources. Groundbreaking49 is slated for fall50 2008, and the pre-sales initiative is under way. For more information about Geos Neighborhood, consumers are invited to visit www.discovergeos.com or call (303) 432-8007. Copyright © 2004 LexisNexis, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

http://www.bdcnetwork.com/index.asp?layout=articlePrint&xmlId=822809125 Building Design & Construction August 2008-08-10

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “No matter how good teaching may be, each student must take the responsibility for his own education.” –John Carolus S.J. THEORY: Grammar review. Expressing technical classifications. Materials and properties. Comparison. Describing though comparison. Developing skills. RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Benchmark (computing) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benchmark_(computing) )

•

Casas en hilera (http://www.arqhys.com/casas/hilera-casas.html)

•

Cohousing (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohousing)

•

Metric-conversions.org http://www.metric-conversions.org/

•

Online Technical Writing: Information Structures Classification (http://www.io.com/~hcexres/textbook/class.html)

•

Outline (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline)

•

¿Qué es un benchmark? (http://www.monografias.com/trabajos/benchmark/benchmark.shtml)

Condo: Short for condominium, a complex or building consisting of many living units, which are each owned by individuals. The common areas of the complex or building, such as the parking lot, are jointly owned by the unit owners. The term refers to the method of ownership, not the type of building. 49 Groundbreaking: The act or ceremony of breaking ground to begin a construction project. 50 Slated for fall: scheduled for Autumn Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

TASKS: 1. In no more than 50 words, outline the text’s main ideas. 2. Your bilingual glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged in 50 entries. By the end of this week you should have between 180 and 300 new terms. 3. Titles and headings are important to convey the right message to our prospective customers. They should be both accurate and attractive. Therefore, try to improve the heading of the above article, so as to make it catchy. 4. Provide six key-words for the above text. 5. Watch the following You-Tube video-clip: «Do you speak English?» (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPCnm1iD6bs&mode=related&search), and then answer the questions below: 5.1. What seems to be the tourist problem? What does she need? What languages does she speak? 5.2. The two boys are teasing her, but in what ways? What's their final wish? What's the advice they offer the tourist?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

6. What is a “checkboard design”? Try to explain with the help of the diagram below.

7. Choose the Spanish equivalent that matches best with the following dwelling types: 7.1. Co-housing 7.2. Live/work town home 7.3. Multiple-level condo 7.4. Paired Home 7.5. Row Home / Terraced Home 7.6. Single-family home/Detached House

casa en hilera, chalet adosado, chalet pareado, co-vivienda, edificio en comunidad de propietarios, vivienda unifamiliar

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 8. Construction Tools

CAMAC Company was established in the 1920’s, aiming at covering the needs required by the market of that time. The company also helped in promoting the culture at Esparreguera town, (Barcelona, Spain). This fact, together with an innovative method in the production of auxiliary building materials, made of CAMAC a pioneering company in that industry.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Since its very foundation, a constant innovative attitude made us create the first concrete-mixers in the 1940’s. During the 1960’s, CAMAC consolidated its leading position as producer of concrete-mixers and hoists. In the 1980’s, despite a serious crisis in the construction industry of that time, CAMAC carried on, facing the challenge of the market new circumstances. In these adverse conditions, there was a change that revitalized the company. Mr. José Luis Bravo took over the management and transformed CAMAC into an incorporated company. Furthermore, he also created a compact and professional team, and promoted a deep structural and technological reform in the company. In the 1990’s the company introduced its modern line rack and pinion hoists range, consolidating its leading position. Nowadays, with more than 50 years of experience in the auxiliary machinery sector, CAMAC has consolidated its position as a leading company. It specialises in the production of rack and pinion scaffolds, hoists and lifts, as well as other tools for the building industry such as concretemixers, hanging scaffolds, ladder hoists, wall chasers and "minor’s" wire hoists. All our products comply with European Union regulations through ISO 9001 which guarantees all phases of product elaboration. All our freight lifts have been awarded Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

AENOR51 and CERT TÜV52 quality certifications. As a modern and advanced company, CAMAC is very conscious of the importance of offering good advice via distributors and after-sales services. CAMAC allocates an important part of its profits to research and development of new production processes and equipment. Our machines are equipped with high power, speed and safety mechanisms in order to make easier the tasks and provide more efficiency in less time.

Hoists

Complements

Concrete-mixers

Hanging scaffolds

Rack and pinion hoists

Mast climbing platforms

Safety Equipment

Transport platforms

Freight Lifts

Cutting tools

AENOR (Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación): Spanish Association for Standardization & Certification. 52 TÜVs (Technischer Überwachungs-Verein): Technical Monitoring Association.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

http://www.camac.es/en/index2.asp?web=prods&tipus=htm

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Tools: building work (I)

Gewiss. 1996. Handbook Basic Application Gewiss (English). Bergamo: Gewiss spa. Page 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Pencil Wooden rule Chalk line Spirit level Plumb line Cement Sand shovel

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Wheelbarrow Bucket for mortar Trowel Hammer, nails Lump hammer Chisels Plasterin’s float

15. Hose 16. Electric masonry drill 17. Wooden planks 18. Extension ladder 19. Scaffolding

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Tools: building work (II)

Gewiss. 1996. Handbook Basic Application Gewiss (English). Bergamo: Gewiss spa. Page 9 1. Tool case 2. Flat head screwdrivers 3. Cross head screwdrivers 4. Shears 5. Hammer 6. Universal grip, flat-nose and round-nose pliers 7. Measuring tape

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8. Plumb and chalk lines 9. Conduit bender 10. Extension cable 11. Extension cable 12. Saws 13. Files 14. Terminal pliers 15. wire stripper 16. Cabling probe 17. Hand drill

18. Electric drill 19. Voltage detector screwdriver 20. Analogue testing device 21. Earthing tester 22. Installation tester 23. Tool kit with carrying case

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Flush mounting installation Masonry work and installation: basic procedures The Problem: •

How to carry out the masonry work, lay conduits, wire the system and install the control and lightning devices correctly in a typical apartment with view to saving time during the initial installation, subsequent maintenance and enable the installation to be extended in future if necessary.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The Answer:

1. 2. 3. 4.

•

Use the right tools, follow the instructions as illustrated.

•

We recommend the use of Gewiss53 products which have been specially designed and co-ordinated to facilitate the work of the installer.

•

In a particular manner, for flush installations, the 50 AC Range shows black heavy flexible insulating conduits (floor installations) and RAL 7035 grey light flexible insulating conduits (wall installations).

Before commencing. Consult the Gewiss handbook. Mark out the wall installation. Make channels Position the flush mounting junction box

GEWISS: http://www.gewiss.com Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

5. Lay a conduit in the channel

6. Cover the channel with mortar

7. How to hold electrical shears correctly. 8. cut flush conduits with the junction box 9. Pull through the cables with the aid of a cabling probe

10. Connect cables to electrical device,

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following the instructions carefully. N.B. The connection to the earth circuit with yellow/green cable must not be carried out for 

luminaries

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es



CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

11. How to wire a single pole one-way switch 12. Fix the switch onto the support

13. Press the plate onto the support until it clicks into place 14. the plate may be removed using appropriate tools.

Gewiss. 1996. Handbook Basic Application Gewiss (English). Bergamo: Gewiss spa, pp. 10-11

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “The important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle.” – Pierre de Coubertin THEORY: Grammar review: Expressing cause-effect relationships. Patterns of means and end/purpose. Patterns of reason and result. Comparatives. Developing skills. RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Adverb Clauses - Cause and Effect Relationships (http://a4esl.org/q/h/mb/adv_cause.html)

•

Establishing Cause & Effect (http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/causeeff.php)

TASKS

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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1. What is the gist of the above text? [Maximum 50 words] 2. Spot technical terms and find out their Spanish equivalent, so as to enlarge your assigned lexicon glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor. By the end of this week you should have between 210 and 350 new terms. 3. Structure of the text: follow up the paragraph-structure and identify what aspects are dealt with in each of them. How does this paragraph-arrangement respond to the text purpose and textual coherence? 4. Textual analysis. Identify hedges (matizadores), connectors, passive constructions (conversion into active), gerund and infinitive verbs (why?), compound-words, Present Perfect Tense (why?), causal phrases (to result in, to cause, etc.). 5. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «German Coast guard trainee» (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yR0lWICH3rY) and then answer the questions below: 5.1. Where does the joke lie? Is there any pun (play-on-words)?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

5.2. Compare with the video-clip on Week 2 (The Italian who went to Malta). What seems to be the problem?

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 9. Construction Engineering Courses New Zealand Institute of Quantity Surveyors (NZIQS)

What is a Quantity Surveyor? Just what does a Quantity Surveyor do?

NZIQS Rules state that a "Quantity Surveyor" means a person educated, trained and qualified, and who is particularly and regularly engaged, for the purpose of livelihood, in the following work: The preparation of Bills and/or Schedules of Quantities of materials, labour and services required in the construction and equipment of building, or engineering works, and;

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The preparation and valuation of progress and final payments in connection with any contract or sub-contract, and; The appraisal of the value of proposed constructions or other structures already erected, and; The preparation of specifications when required so to do, and; Acting as arbitrator in cases of dispute in connection with building, or engineering work, when required so to do, and; To advise from time to time on cost management, or value management. To carry out such other duties as may properly be those of a Quantity Surveyor. So just what does a Quantity Surveyor do and how do you become one? Basically, the Quantity Surveyor is the person responsible for figuring out just what a building is going to cost and in some cases for making sure that construction costs and production are managed as efficiently as possible. In some of today's projects there may be many millions of dollars involved. A Quantity Surveyor can identify and collate the costs involved in order to develop an overall budget for any project. They can then undertake cost planning which aims to help all members of the design team arrive at practical solutions and stay within the project budget. It is the final detailed estimate prepared by the Quantity Surveyors, in consultation with a project architect, which forms a basis on which subsequent tenders can be evaluated. Schedules of quantities translate the drawing, plans and specifications produced by the design team to enable each contractor to calculate tender prices fairly, on exactly the same basis as the competitors.

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Once tenders have been accepted, the Quantity Surveyor can provide cash flow data to enable a client to programme his resources adequately to meet contract commitments. In other words, the Quantity Surveyor decides how much of a job should be paid for at any one time. With interest rates the way they are, no one wants to hand over money before it is due. In most construction contracts, the contractor is paid monthly and the Quantity Surveyor can value the work carried out each month submitting a recommendation for certified payment. The Quantity Surveyor can also be called on to assess cost effects when changes occur and agree on variation with contractors. Following completion of a contract, the Quantity Surveyor prepares a statement of final account, summarising the cost charges that have occurred and arriving at a final contract sum.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

www.nziqs.co.nz/about/whatis.html

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

QS54 Formal Qualifications & Providers Quantity Surveying - Formal Training Overview There are two levels [Technician and Degree] and three main courses of study in New Zealand, with full time and part time/extramural options on the courses. National Diploma in Quantity Surveying (NDQS) 2 years full time and part time/extramural Bachelor of Construction (Construction Economics) Equivalent of 3 years fulltime study (conducted over 4 years) Bachelor of Construction (Quantity Surveying) Equivalent of 4 years full time (3rd and 4th year subjects are available extramurally) CURSO 2008 – 2009

Notes: The technician level National Diploma in Quantity Surveying replaced the New Zealand Certificate in Quantity Surveying The Bachelor of Construction (Construction Economics) - 360 credits55- at UNITEC AUCKLAND replaced their previous Bachelor of Construction (Quantity Surveying degree. UNITEC may cross credit the equivalent of up to 120 credit points of the degree programme to holders of the NDQS. For the Bachelor of Construction (QS) degree at MASSEY UNIVERSITY - 400 credits -at Wellington campus, Massey university may cross credit the equivalent of up to 150 credit points of the degree programme to holders of the NDQS. Fees Course Fees for each full year of study vary depending on the tertiary institute, number of papers taken, and the course taken. National Diploma of Quantity Surveying A typical course [based on unit standards] and programme structure for the NDQS follows (The programme outlined below is based on UNITEC course of QS: Quantity Surveyor / Building Engineer / Architectural engineer / Construction Engineer. New Zealand’s (academic) Credit is broadly equivalent to 10 student-learning hours. Learning hours include both classroom and out-of-class work. Typically, a full-time student will take 3 courses each semester. There are 2 semesters per year. Full-time students are expected to complete an average of 6 courses (study units) per year. The European Credit Transfer System, ECTS, is similar in concept, only that one credit is equivalent to 25-30 hours of work, including both in-class hours and out-of-class work, instead of 10. Students are expected to complete either 60 ECTS per year, or 30 per semester (there are two semesters in an academic year), or 20 ECTS per term (three per year). On the average, that’s equivalent to 6 - 10 study units (courses) per year.

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2004 - programmes may vary between training institutions and from year to year): Year Two

Semester One

Semester Two

Semester One

Semester Two

Construction Systems 1US9671, US9663

Construction Systems 2 US9672

Services 1 - US 9667

Services 2 - US9668

Communication 1 Communication 10 credits 10 credits writing Interpersonal

Contract Administration US10042, US10044 Measurement US10040

Materials - US9669 Estimation US9658 Building US9664

Law

Measurement US10039

Estimation US10041

- Estimation US10043

2 3

Construction Programmes US10045

Plus 20 optional credits Bachelor of Construction (QS) - Massey University - 400 credits Massey University - Wellington Campus Currently NZIQS accredits Massey BConstQS (a four year degree), this is no longer available for new 2008 students. The new Massey QS degree commencing 2008 at Welllington and Albany campuses - see separate advert Bachelor of Construction (CE) - UNITEC (360 credits) This degree programme normally involves two years full time study, followed by one year's full time equivalent study over a further two years in block courses, preferably while undertaking QS work. Year One Semester One

Year Two Semester Two

Semester One

Construction Practice Construction Practice Construction 1 2 Economics 1

Semester Two Construction Practice 3

Property and Design Building Science and Information

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Building Services

Sustainable Design &

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Year One

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Materials

Management

Construction

Teamwork

Elective

Property & Economic Principles Construction Maths

Organisational Behaviour

Development Finance and Investment

Property Construction Law

Procurement

Research Methods

Contract Admin.

Tendering

& Contract Law

Note: The preferred pattern of study is to complete the remaining papers over two years.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Year Three A (part time)

Year Four B (part time)

Semester Five

Semester Six

Semester Seven

Construction Economics 2

Research Methods Research Project Part Construction (May be taken Year 2) A Economics 3

Elective*

Urban Economics*

Construction Business Design Value Management Buildability

Elective*

Semester Eight

Property Development* and Research Project Part B

Design Management

Training Providers For the latest and current information on the individual quantity surveying programmes For Degree programmes see: Massey University - Wellington Campus UNITEC - Auckland For Diploma programmes see: UNITEC - Auckland Waikato Polytechnic56 - Hamilton The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand - Extramural Wellington Institute of Technology Christchurch Polytechnic - Christchurch 56

Polytechnic: Institute of technology in the United Kingdom (prior to 1992), and other countries. They may specialise in vocational courses, technological courses or different sorts of technical subjects. In Europe Most Polytechnics have now turned into Universities of Applied Sciences when they meet the necessary conditions to be formally considered a university: autonomy to offer masters and doctoral degrees and independence as research institutions. Unlike their name, in many countries they offer non-technological –although more practically oriented– university degrees. The term, therefore, should not be confused with the Spanish designation “Universidad Politécnica”. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Otago Polytechnic - Dunedin Southland Institute of Technology - Invercargill (some subjects only) http://www.nziqs.co.nz/career.html

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Never seem more learned than the people you are with. Wear your learning like a pocket watch57 and keep it hidden. Do not pull it out to count the hours, but give the time when you are asked.” – Lord Chesterfield (1694 - 1773) THEORY: Grammar review: Patterns of condition. Other ways of expressing condition. Writing basic and complex instructions. How something is done. Processes in the past. Practising processes. Instruction manuals Developing skills.

•

English Online - Writing Skills – instructions (http://www.englishonline.co.uk/englishnon/literacy/literacy11-14/instruct.html)

•

Englishpage.com (http://www.englishpage.com/index.html)

•

Instructions: How to Write for Busy, Grouchy People (http://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/technical/instructions/)

•

Modal Verb Tutorial (http://www.englishpage.com/modals/modalintro.html)

•

Online Technical Writing: Instructions (http://www.io.com/~hcexres/textbook/instrux.html)

TASKS: 1. What is the gist of the above text? Make a brief summary [Maximum 50 words] 2. Identify technical vocabulary (to be included in your lexicon project) and explain their use. Keep in mind GEWISS TOOL FRAMES, from unit 3. By the end of this week you should have between 240 and 400 new terms. 3. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UA1quyLOTdg)

«VoIP

Security

Threats»

3.1. What is IP PBX used for? 3.2. Why no In-bound or Out-bound calls can be made? 4. Go frame by frame –follow up number order– and describe the installation process in the light of the written suggestions under each frame: Use of infinitives and modals (must, should, passives: should be done, is done, is used...) and cohesive connectors (first, therefore, after, before, finally, consequently, then, as a result, etc). 5. Make sentences out of the actions carried out in these frames, making use of conditionals (simple, negative, complex) and “if” + verb-ing constructions.

Pocket watch: a strapless personal timepiece that is carried in a pocket. The display is traditionally analogue.

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

6. For your last practice work (oral presentation), you should create a group of no more than 3, and think of a proper topic to be delivered. Topics should be related to electronics and/or engineering fields. Tell you lecturer who will you work with (names, emails), together with a possible topic. If your group is to be larger than 3, then you should ask for special permission to your lecturers.

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Unit 10. Construction Engineering Jobs Architectural engineering Architectural engineering, also known as Building Engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology to building design and construction. Definitions of an architectural engineer may refer to: An engineer in the structural, mechanical, electrical, construction or other engineering fields of building design and construction.

In informal contexts, and formally in some places, a professional synonymous with or similar to an architect. In some languages, "architect" is literally translated as "architectural engineer".

Engineering for buildings Structural Structural engineering involves the analysis and design of physical objects such as buildings, bridges, equipment supports, towers and walls. Those concentrating on buildings are responsible for the structural performance of a large part of the built environment and are, sometimes, informally referred to as "building engineers". Structural engineers require expertise in strength of materials and in the seismic design of structures covered by earthquake engineering. Architectural Engineers sometimes practice structural as one aspect of their designs; the structural discipline when practiced as a specialty works closely with architects and other engineering specialists. Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) Some Architectural Engineers perform MEP for their own building designs; in most cases, however, Mechanical and electrical engineers are specialists, commonly referred to as "MEP" (mechanical, electrical and plumbing) when engaged in the building design fields. Also known as "Building services engineering" in the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia. Mechanical engineers design and oversee the heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) and plumbing systems. Plumbing designers often include design specifications for simple active fire protection systems, but for more complicated projects, fire protection engineers are often separately retained. Electrical engineers are responsible for the building's power distribution,

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

A licensed engineering professional in parts of the United States, where architectural engineering may include complete building design.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

telecommunication, fire alarm, signalization, lightning protection and control systems, as well as lighting systems. Building science

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Building envelope design is also a specialized area of architectural and engineering practice that draws from all areas of building science and indoor climate control.

The Architectural engineer (PE) in the United States In many jurisdictions of the United States, the architectural engineer is a licensed engineering professional, usually a graduate of an architectural engineering university program preparing students to perform whole-building design in competition with architect-engineer teams; or for practice in one of structural, mechanical or electrical fields of building design, but with an appreciation of integrated architectural requirements. Formal architectural engineering education, following the engineering model of earlier disciplines, developed in the late 1800s, and became widespread in the United States by the mid 1900s. With the establishment of a specific "architectural engineering" NCEES58 Professional Engineering registration examination in the 1990s, and first offering in April 2003, architectural engineering became recognized as a distinct engineering discipline in the United States. Architectural engineers are not entitled to practice architecture unless they are also licensed as architects.

The Architect as Architectural Engineer

The National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying is a national non-profit organization composed of engineering and land surveying licensing boards representing all U.S. states and territorios. The NCEES is responsible for the administration of the exams that engineers must pass in order to get their Professional Engineer certification. http://en.wikipedia.org/

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In some countries architecture, as a profession providing architectural services, is sometimes referred to as "architectural engineering". In others, such as in Japan, the terms "architecture" and "building engineering" are used synonymously. The practice of architecture includes the planning, designing and oversight of a building's construction. In some languages, such as Korean and Arabic, "architect" is literally translated as "architectural engineer". In some countries, an "architectural engineer" (such as the ingegnere edile in Italy) is entitled to practice architecture and is often referred to as an architect. These individuals are often also structural engineers. In other countries, such as Germany and Austria, architecture graduates receive an engineering degree (Dip-Ing).

Education The architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical engineering branches each have well established educational requirements that are usually fulfilled by completion of a university program. What differentiates Architectural Engineering as a separate and single, integrated field of study, compared to other engineering disciplines, is its multidisciplined engineering approach. Through training in and appreciation of architecture, the field seeks integration of building systems within its overall building design. Architectural Engineering includes the design of building systems including Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, fire protection, electrical, lighting, transportation, and structural systems. In some university programs, students are required to concentrate on one of the systems; in others, they can receive a generalist Architectural or Building Engineering degree. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_engineering

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Architectural Engineering as a single integrated field of study

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

How to Use the Internet in Your Job Search By Dawn Rosenberg McKay, About.com

Where to Look

CURSO 2008 – 2009

You may be thinking about using the Internet to help you in your quest for a new job. If not, you should. Maybe this will persuade you: in 1998, there were over 28 million jobs posted on the Internet. That number includes Job Boards, Corporate Web sites, and Usenet (1999 Electronic Recruiting Index, Interbiznet.com, 1998). According to Job Searching Online for Dummies by Pam Dixon, 17,000 new jobs are posted online each week and employers and recruiters use the Web to make 48*percent* of all hires. As you can see, employers and recruiters are making good use of the Internet and so should you. This article will help you learn how to use the Net as a job search tool. Since you are reading this article it's obvious that you are already using the Internet to help you with some of your career planning needs. You may even be using it to search for a job already. My goal is to help you make full useof what this amazing tool has to offer.

Job Listings While many of you may be familiar with the general employment sites, such as Monster.com and TrueCareers, you may not be as familiar with niche sites. Niche sites are those sites that specialize in a particular industry or profession, such as AlliedNet, for those looking for jobs in healthcare, or OnlineSports.com Job Listings for those looking for jobs in the sports industry. Or perhaps you are looking for a job in government. Did you know that many federal, state, provincial, and local government jobs are listed online? Many companies list their job openings on their corporate Web sites. You can easily find those sites by using any search engine. Another great resource is FlipDog.com, which gathers job listings from company Web sites. In addition, newspapers often publish their classified ads on the Web. You can access those listings for free. Local employment sites provide help to those who are limiting their search to a specific geographic region and are especially useful to those who are relocating. Résumé Banks59 Then there are résumé banks, which allow you to post your résumé on a database which is accessed by recruiters and employers. Many of the sites that list jobs also have résumé banks. To list your résumé you will have to fill out a form with your employment history, skills, etc. Some résumé banks allow you to cut and paste your actual résumé into the form. For that you will need an

Résumé: Also spelt résume, resumé or resume. Curriculum Vitae (CV), usually no larger than two printed pages.

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ASCII60 résumé, which is simply your résumé without all the fancy formatting. That ASCII résumé will also come in handy when you respond to job announcements via email, or when a company requests a scannable résumé. A scannable résumé is one that can be scanned into an electronic résumé database or an electronic résumé tracking system. Both are commonly used by employers and recruiters. About.com Job Search Guide Alison Doyle has also put together a list of sites on which you can post your résumé.

Online Tools

First you must decide how you will compose your page. If you know how to use HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) you can easily put together an online résumé. You can also use Web editing software such as Microsoft Frontpage. Careerhunters.com has free templates available that you can use to design your résumé. They will also design one for you for a fee. Then you must decide where your résumé will reside. You have a few options. You can purchase a domain name and then contract with a company to host your site. Your site can also be hosted by your ISP (Internet Service Provider). Many ISPs provide free space for your own home page. Several companies offer free home pages to the general public. Careerhunters.com, discussed in the previous paragraph, will host your résumé for a fee, or will link to your résumé if it is hosted elsewhere. Once you get your résumé up on the Web, don't forget to promote it. This means getting it listed with as many search engines as possible so prospective employers can find you.

Replying to Job Ads Job announcements often request that you apply via email. As mentioned above you should email an ASCII résumé, which is one that isn't formatted for any specific word processing program. This means it can be read across many different platforms. You can use any word processing program to compose your résumé. Use hard returns at the end of each line and a fixed width font, such as 10 point courier. Make sure that no line is longer than 80 characters and that you save your document as a .txt file, rather than with the default extension assigned by your word processing software. ASCII: In the context, the author means “Plain (Simple) Text Résumés”. ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), pronounced /’æski/. Character encoding based on the (American, US) English alphabet. ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing, mostly obsolete control characters that affect how text is processed; 94 are printable characters (excluding the space). Non-US symbols, such as ₤, €, or Ñ, among others, are excluded.

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Many job hunters choose to put together an online résumé. An online résumé functions as a Web page with hyperlinks that lead from one part of the résumé to another or to other locations on the Web. You can also link to work samples, if that is appropriate for you. This can be a particularly good option for writers or artists who need to showcase their work.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Many people don't have Internet access at home and instead log on to the Internet at work, using a company provided email address. That presents a bit of a conflict when it comes to job hunting. It's a bad idea to use your work email address for your job search. Even with a personal email account, many of us choose user names that are more appropriate for corresponding with friends than with prospective employers. Many ISPs61 provide multiple email addresses. Therefore, you could use a separate address for your job search campaign. What should you do if you don't have a personal email account? Fortunately there are many free resources available. And speaking of free, what do you do when you're asked to fax your résumé and you don't have a fax machine available? You can go to the local drugstore or some other place that has a public fax, or you can use one of the free fax services on the Internet.

Network Online

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Networking is an important part of job searching and career planning in general. The Internet can help you out here as well. You can network with others in your field, or find mentors. You can also join forums, such as those found on Delphi.com, or newsgroups which you can find by going to Google Groups. http://careerplanning.about.com/od/jobsearch/a/internet_search.htm

Don't Catch a Virus from Your Web Page http://webdesign.about.com/od/security/a/aa080301a.htm

Ejercicios sobre trabajo (job) aquí!!!!!

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Office of Real Property Services Valuing & Assessing Real Property

Valuation Reference Manual - Part 1 Residential Improvement Information Section 2 - RM, Residence

B. RM, RESIDENCE Applicable Structure Codes

RM1

Residence, First Story

RM2

Residence, Additional Story

RM3

Residence, Finished ½ Story

RM4

Residence, Unfinished ½ Story

RM7

Residence, Finished Area over Garage

RM8

Residence, Finished 3/4 Story

RM9

Residence, Unfinished 3/4 Story

Each of these codes has a corresponding base cost table necessary to value the structure. Each residence should be examined and the recommended format utilized to maintain consistency. Grading The difference between grade levels is significant. To determine the proper grade level, several items should be used as criteria. These items are listed below. Construction and Materials (All RM Structure Codes)

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(Excellent)

Top quality materials, professionally designed by architect, singular in style.

(Good)

Good quality materials, professional design, common style in better grade neighborhoods.

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

The Residence group of structure codes includes information based on separate sections of the residence structure rather than an individual building style. Through the use of difference combinations of these structure codes and related modification codes all of the varied building construction styles can be properly valued. The list of Residence structure codes is listed below.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

(Average)

Average materials, standard subdivision design, a typical highly repetitive style design.

Economy

Economy lightweight materials, workmanship is somewhat inferior, design is simple.

(Minimum)

Minimum quality material and workmanship, usually limited to seasonal type residences.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Exterior (All RM Structure Codes) A

(Excellent)

Top quality wood or equivalent, aluminum siding or better quality masonry which requires modification adjustment.

(Good)

Good quality wood or equivalent, aluminum siding or better quality veneers which require modification adjustment.

(Average)

Average quality wood or equivalent aluminum siding is common.

Economy

Economy wood finish, asbestos shingles or lightweight aluminum with no backing materials.

(Minimum)

Minimum quality wood, asbestos shingle or tar paper, often mixture of all.

Windows and Doors (All) RM Structure Codes) A

(Excellent)

Many windows and doors, all heavier, best quality sash and doors, expensive trim.

(Good)

Windows and doors plentiful, good quality sash and doors, good trim.

(Average)

Wood double glazed double-hung windows with aluminum storm and screen combinations, insulated steel exterior doors.

Economy

Economy windows and doors, little trim, very basic design.

(Minimum)

Few windows and doors rough trim, inferior design usually not air tight.

Roof (RM1, RM7 Structure Codes)

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(Excellent)

Top quality, permanent usually heavy shake, slate or tile with overhang in excess of 24" (61 cm).

(Good)

Good quality, shingle usually asphalt with average overhang up to 24" (61 cm).

(Average)

Average quality, asphalt shingles or good quality composition roofing. 5" (12.7 cm) aluminum gutters and downspouts, 8" (20.3 cm) overhang.

Economy

Economy lightweight composition roof.

(Minimum)

Cheap lightweight shingles or roll composition, roof simple or small open cornice.

shingles

usually

(Excellent)

Top quality throughout, professional design, use of gypsum board with heavy texture or plaster wallpaper, vinyl and wood prevalent.

(Good)

Good quality throughout, taped or textured gypsum wallboard, some wallpaper and plywood paneling.

(Average)

Average quality, taped or textured gypsum wallboard, some wallpaper and plywood paneling.

Economy

Economy materials, taped gypsum wallboard, painting is common.

(Minimum)

Minimum materials, taped gypsum wallboard, minimum quality wallboard, painting is common.

Kitchen (RM1 Structure Code)

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(Excellent)

20' linear (6.1 m), hardwood cabinets with equal quality tile or vinyl counter, tile or vinyl floor, many built-ins, best quality.

(Good)

16' linear (4.9 m), hardwood cabinets with equal quality tile or vinyl counter, tile or vinyl floor, built-ins, many avg. quality appliances.

(Average)

12' linear feet (3.7 m) of low cost counter and cabinet vinyl floor, built-in oven, range,

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Interior Finish (RM1, RM2, RM3, RM7, RM8 Structure Codes)

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

dishwater, garbage disposal, and range hood. D

Economy

8' to 10' linear (2.4 to 3.0 m) low cost counter and cabinet, few if any built-in appliances of lower quality.

(Minimum)

Usually no counter or cabinet space with no built-in appliances.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Basement (RM1 Structure Code) A

(Excellent)

Full basement, poured concrete or concrete block is insulated.

(Good)

Full basement, concrete block or poured concrete, usually insulated.

(Average)

Full basement, 10" (25.4 cm) concrete block is most common, and usually insulated.

Economy

Full basement or partial which requires modification adjustment, basement is concrete block.

(Minimum)

Full basement or crawl space or slab which require modification adjustment, concrete block foundation.

Frame (RM Structure Codes) A

(Excellent)

Top quality frame and framing lumber, 2" x 10" (5.1 x 25.4 cm) floor joists, 2" x 6" (5.1 x 15.2 cm) studs, 2" x 10" (5.1 x 25.4 cm) ceiling rafters, bracing is common.

(Good)

Good quality frame, 2" x 10" (5.1 x 25.4 cm) floor joists or better, 2" x 4" (5.1 x 10.2 cm) studs or better.

(Average)

Average standard wood frame, 2" x 10" (5.1 x 25.4 cm) floor joists, 2" x 4" (5.1 x 10.2 cm) studs, 2" x 6" (5.1 x 15.2 cm) ceiling rafters. Steel l-beams on steel posts.

Economy

Standard framing, cost cutting in extras, open soffits, 2" x 4" (5.1 x 10.2 cm) studs, lower quality lumber quality lumber and materials.

(Minimum)

Minimum framing, sometimes single wall, nonstandard lumber is prevalent.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Heating and Plumbing (RM1, RM2, RM3, RM8 Structure Codes) A

(Excellent)

Central hot air heat in multiple zones, 10 to 12 top quality fixtures, generous plumbing.

(Good)

Central hot air heat, multiple zoning common, good quality fixtures.

(Average)

Central hot air heat, may or may not have multiple zoning, average quality and number of fixtures.

Economy

Central hot air heat, low cost fixtures.

(Minimum)

Central hot air heat, less than 7 lower cost fixtures common.

(Excellent)

Central hot air heat, plumbing readily available, if not already present in unfinished area, some roughing common.

(Good)

Central hot air heat, plumbing readily available to unfinished area, some roughing may be done.

(Average)

Central hot air heat and plumbing, may or may not be readily available to unfinished area, roughing is uncommon.

Economy

Central hot air heat and plumbing are not readily available to unfinished area, roughing is not common.

(Minimum)

Central hot air heat and plumbing are not available to unfinished area, no roughing is common.

Heating and Plumbing (RM7 Structure Codes)

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(Excellent)

Central hot air heat is present, may be 1 zone of a multiple zoning system, good plumbing fixtures.

(Good)

Central hot air heat is present, may be 1 zone of a multiple zoning system, good plumbing fixtures.

(Average)

Central hot air heat.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Heating and Plumbing (RM4 and RM9 Structure Codes)

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Economy

Central hot air heat.

(Minimum)

Central hot air heat, or less.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Baths (RM1 Structure Code) A

(Excellent)

2 ½ baths or more which requires modification adjustment, tile floor, tile wainscot, top quality fixtures.

(Good)

2 baths or more which requires modification adjustment, tile or vinyl floor and wainscot, good fixtures.

(Average)

1 bath is standard, usually vinyl floor and wainscot, average fixtures, lower grade tile may be used on floors.

Economy

1 bath is standard, vinyl floor, may or may not have vinyl wainscot.

(Minimum)

1 bath, usually shower stall, vinyl linoleum floor only.

Baths (RM2 Structure Code) A

(Excellent)

1 or 2 baths which will require a modification adjustment, tile floor, tile wainscot, top quality fixtures.

(Good)

1 or 2 baths which will require a modification adjustment, tile or vinyl floor and wainscot, good fixtures.

(Average)

(Average) 1 bath is standard, usually vinyl floor and wainscot, average fixtures, lower grade tile may be used on floors.

Economy

1 bath is standard, vinyl floor, may or may not have vinyl wainscot.

(Minimum)

1 bath, usually shower stall, vinyl or linoleum flooring only.

Baths (RM3 and RM8 Structure Code) A

(Excellent)

½ or 1 bath which will require a modification adjustment, tile floor, tile wainscot, top quality

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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fixtures. B

(Good)

½ of 1 bath which will require a modification adjustment, tile or vinyl floor and wainscot, good fixtures.

(Average)

(Average) ½ bath is standard and will require modification adjustment, usually vinyl floor and wainscot, average fixtures, lower grade tile may be used.

Economy

½ bath is standard and will require modification adjustment, may or may not have vinyl wainscot.

(Minimum)

No bath usually found in this area.

(Excellent)

1 or ½ bath is common and requires modification adjustment, tile floor, tile wainscot, top quality fixtures.

(Good)

1 or ½ bath is common and requires modification adjustment, tile or vinyl floor wainscot, good fixtures.

(Average)

No bath is present in standard, ½ bath may be present, vinyl floor and wainscot, avg. Fixtures, lower grade tile on floors.

Economy

No bath is present usually.

(Minimum)

No bath is present usually.

Collection The listing and collection of this structure code is different from most other structure codes. Page one of the Cost Calculation Form is devoted to listing and collection of Main Residence structure codes. The grade, interior and exterior conditions, year built, style of residence, and respective square footages of the different areas within the house are recorded here. Application of RM Structure Codes in Relation to Building Styles The following pages are devoted to explaining the proper use of the residence structure codes to value different styles of residential dwellings. The manual user should be familiar with coding for residence styles prior to reading this section of the manual. The purpose is to explain when to apply the respective structure code. Each style is separately described on a page format. The upper part of the first page will contain a picture of the residence style. The back side of the sheet will contain a sketch of the style in its most common form with the -96-

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Baths (RM7 Structure Code)

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

correct residence structure code shown on the sketch. The rest of the description sheet will be devoted to describing the elements and steps to properly collect and value.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Ranch This style residence is a single story structure. It has an open floor plan. There are usually three bedrooms, a kitchen, one bath, a living room, a full basement, and a roof associated with the cost. Variations to the standard ranches are the Rambler, the L-shaped, or the California. The roof line on this style is usually a low angle gable or hip style roof.

Necessary codes which should apply from the residence structure code list include only the RM1 structure, which is the First Story Area.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Raised Ranch

CURSO 2008 – 2009

This style is characterized as having large spacious rooms with an open functional floor plan. There are commonly three bedrooms, a kitchen, one bath, and a living room in the first story area of the residence. The exterior wall is finished with aluminum, wood frame, or cedar shake. The major differences between this style and the ranch are that it is elevated to allow relatively easy conversion of the basement area to finished living space. The location of the entry acts a foyer between the basement and first story.

Raised ranch style residences require two modifications to the RM1 Residence, First Story areas. The S01 Raised Ranch modification makes the necessary percentage adjustment to cost. The basement is assumed unfinished and will be calculated as finished living area only when the 102 Finished Room Basement/Attic modification is utilized.

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Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Split Level

CURSO 2008 – 2009

This residence utilizes space in the basement as living area. It has multiple living areas, usually on three levels. The typical layout utilizes the upper-most level for bedrooms, the middle level for kitchen and living areas, and the basement area for family rooms or studies.

Many codes are necessary to collect this building style. Use of these codes depends upon location of the garage, slope of the lot, and location of the uppermost level. Generally, it will be necessary to use the RM1 Residence, First Story code, the RM2 Residence Additional Story code, and the 102 Finished Room Basement/Attic modification code.

Cape Cod This residence is considered a post World War II structure. The floor plan includes two bedrooms, a kitchen, a living room, a dining room and a bathroom. (The dining room may not always be present.) There is usually a permanent staircase leading to the second story whether or not the second story is finished. This staircase may be anywhere in the residence. Most frequently it is centrally located and separates the living area from the sleeping area. The roof line is set at steep angles so the second story can easily be converted from unfinished to finished area. Dormers are often used to expand the second story area of the home. There are structure codes available to handle half story expansions which increase the usable square footage. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

The necessary codes to consider when collecting this style home include: RM1 Residence, First Story; RM3 Residence, Finished ½ Story, RM4 Residence, Unfinished ½ Story, RM8 Residence, Finished 3/4 Story (utilized for full shed dormers), and RM9 Residence, Unfinished 3/4 Story.

Colonial There are many variations to this style residence. It is a style which has transcended time and changed to meet the needs of the marketplace. The Garrison Colonial, the New England Colonial, Dutch, Salt Box, Southern, and Modern are just a few of the various styles. They typically have two to two and one half stories. The only similarities between the varied styles are a balanced floor plan, a symmetrical exterior appearance, frequently shuttered windows, a central or side entrance, large columns around the entryway, and a gable roof style. Common exterior finished include wood frame and aluminum.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

To value the common modern Colonial, the collector will usually apply the RM1 Residence, First Story, the RM2 Residence, Additional Story and sometimes the RM7 Residence, Finished Area Over Garage. Older Colonials may vary depending upon whether or not the second story is three-quarter or full second story area. The Dutch Colonial may even require that the user determine if the roof pitch merits a 90% or 80% of the first floor area adjustment. Exercise care not to classify old styles as colonials.

Contemporary This residence style is built in multiple combinations. It may be one story, one and one half stories or two stories. It is low cut in profile and has many large and plentiful windows. The design offers the greatest use of exterior and interior residence space. Common exterior wall materials include slant siding with Texture 1-11 siding, or other materials which project a modern appearance. The typical roof line is broken and long.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

The necessary codes which are used to calculate this residence will vary. Most frequently the RM1 Residence, First Story Area will be used and combined with either the RM2 Residence Additional Story, RM3 Residence, Finished ½ Story or RM8 Residence, Finished 3/4 Story code. Most of these homes are built with an abundance of wasted space and are often built with materials which are high in cost yet only average in construction quality and durability. They tend to cost more per square foot than some other styles. The B Grade (Good) construction quality will most frequently apply.

Mansion No two mansions are the same and this style should only be used with either the A Grade (Excellent) or B Grade (Good) cost tables to reflect the superior construction. These should be differentiated from the large old style which will not have the quality or character of the mansion. This style will exceed ten rooms with a bathroom for every bedroom. The most expensive materials are used. Cathedral ceilings, archways, and large open rooms are common. Separate servants quarters may be within the floor plan of the home. Several kitchens, large dining rooms, and other rooms to entertain are common. The entryway is huge and large pillars are often used.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

There is no list of structure codes that will be necessary to use to collect this style. It will often require the use of all or most of the residence valuation tables to completely value the floor plan.

Old Style This residence style may encompass many varied sizes and combinations of several or all of the residence structure codes. Normally, there are many rooms with several evidences of expansion and no characteristic floor plan. This home is older and shows signs of physical and functional obsolescence. It is not as appealing as the Mansion nor as symmetrical as the older Duplex. The best are average grade construction quality (they are also the most common). Story height may vary from one and one half stories to three or four stories. Usually they are two stories in height. The high interior ceilings, floor plan lacking utility and a minimum of insulation make them difficult to heat and maintain. Functional obsolescence is very common and should be considered in valuation. It plays a key role in the replacement cost new less depreciation value of the home.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Any combination of all the residence collection codes may be necessary. Most frequently, the RM1 Residence, First Story and the RM2 Residence, Additional Story will be necessary for valuation.

Cottage This style residence is very similar to the Bungalow. It usually will not exceed 1000 square feet (92,90 m²) in size and will be approximately 700 square feet (65,03 m²) in size. It has a low roof pitch with either a gable or hip roof. It is normally almost square. The interior is simply finished, it may or may not have plumbing, electricity, or heat. This residence is used as a camp or a starting residence and may be D Grade (Economy), or E Grade (Minimum) construction quality. There are five rooms in most cottages; living room, kitchen, bath and two bedrooms.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The RM1 Residence, First Story base cost table is necessary.

Row House Row Houses are normally older structures which may share a common wall between neighboring residences. They sometimes share an entire city block and the two to five stories in height. More recently, townhouses are being constructed which share many similarities with this style. They are a dense population structure which will often occupy the entire lot. The exterior finish is usually brick and they have a flat roof.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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The necessary codes the manual user should apply from the residence structure code list include the RM1 Residence, First Story and any necessary number of RM2 Residence, Additional Story structure codes. It is assumed that an unfinished basement is included in the first story area. If the basement area is finished a modification, 102 Finished Room Basement/Attic must be made.

As indicated, this style is constructed of logs. It should be easy to distinguish. Wide variances in construction costs exist and currently there are no cost tables available which are generated solely for the log cabin. It is recommended that the user consider a B Grade (Good) construction quality to reflect the increased cost to build. Package prices for these homes usually can be multiplied a minimum of two and one half times before they are completely constructed. RM1 Residence, First Story entry.

Log cabins can be constructed to any size or story that the owner chooses. However, in most instances they are one story or one story with a loft area. The log home normally will only need the RM1 Residence, First Story entry.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Log Cabin

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Duplex This style is designed to categorize both old and new two family residences. There are basically two true models, the vertical and horizontal type. The vertical type tends to be older and has one rental unit situated on top of another. It is a common city residence and is often listed erroneously as an Old Style. It is recommended that all older two stories which are two-family residences be collected as a Duplex rather than an Old Style. The newest style is usually a horizontal, side-by-side unit. It often resembles the Raised Ranch or the Colonial style and is usually symmetrical, with a balanced array of windows, doors, and garages.

Depending on whether the layout is vertical or horizontal, the RM1 Residence, First Story and sometimes the RM2 Residence Additional Story will be necessary to properly cost this residence style.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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This is a small house usually averaging less than 1,000 square feet (92,90 m²) in size. Built most frequently in the early 1900's, they reached peak popularity in the late 1920's. They were built with two or three bedrooms in a row on one side of the interior floor plan with a living room - dining room combination, a kitchen, and a pantry opposite the three bedrooms. This floor plan is considered outdated and as such displays some functional obsolescence. Front and rear porches are common; one is usually covered or enclosed and is used as an entryway or for storage. In some cases they have a half story area which is finished.

Apply the RM1 Residence, First Story and in some cases either RM3 Residence, Finished ½ Story or RM8 Residence, Finished 3/4 Story depending upon whether a dormer is present in the half story area. It is not necessary to account for the unfinished half story unless there is ready access to that area through a permanent stairway.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Bungalow

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Townhouse

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Townhouses are multiple single family dwellings of varied style which typically are two stories in height and share common walls. They generally consist of frame construction and have been built subsequent to 1950. These differ from condominiums in that the land is individually owned. Some residences, although fitting a particular building style, may fall outside the criteria shown.

The RM1 Residence, First Story and usually the RM2 Residence Additional Story will be necessary to properly cost this residence style. However, it may also only require RM1 and RM3, Residence, Finished ½ Story. There may be anywhere from two to several units within one continuous structure.

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Other Style

There is no one set method for collecting and utilizing the residence structure codes for valuation. In most cases these homes should be valued on an individual basis. The RM1 Residence, First Story will be used most often. The example above will not use the RM1 code. Instead, the Other residence style should be noted and the living area should be listed as finished basement.

RM1 Residence, First Story The first story residence structure code is used to collect the first level of the residence. It is the area immediately above the basement plane of the structure. Most residence styles will use this to reflect the first story of living area. The base costs include: -

bedrooms with good sized closets

bathroom

kitchen Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

The "Other" is a catch all for those residences which do not easily fall into specific categories. The basement house shown above is an "Other" type style. They often are designed in an inferior manner and will often exhibit signs of both functional and physical obsolescence. The floor plan in these residences has no set format. Contemporaries and Solar Homes should not be listed as "Other" style residences. Earth-sheltered homes should be classified as contemporary.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

living room

full unfinished basement (7'4" – 2.2 m)

central heating, hot air type

aluminum or vinyl siding

roof, asphalt shingle or comparable material

10" x 20" (25,4 x 50.8 cm) footings

RM2 Residence, Additional Story The additional story residence structure code is used to collect any level of the residence which is considered an upper level full story. This would pertain to second stories, third stories, etc. It describes a full story with minimum 6' kneewalls at the eave-line. Residence styles which commonly will use this structure code include Colonials, Mansions, Contemporaries, and Old Styles. The base costs include: -

bedrooms with good sized closets

central heating, hot air type

aluminum or vinyl siding

RM3 Residence, Finished ½ Story The finished ½ story, residence structure code is used to collect any ½ story area of the residence which is finished for living purposes. This would include all half stories which are finished and do not have a full dormer or the equivalent of that dormer. This would have a 4' to 6' (1.2 to 1.8 m) kneewall on both sides of Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

the roof line. Residence styles which commonly use this structure code include Cape Cods, Bungalows, some Old Styles and Contemporaries. The base costs include: -

bedroom(s) with good sized closets

central heating hot air type

aluminum or vinyl siding

The unfinished ½ story structure code is used to collect any level of the residence which is considered a half story area feasible to finish but as of yet not finished. Areas which are not readily finishable should not be collected as RM4. This area would have a 4' to 6' (1.2 to 1.8 m) kneewall on both sides of the roof line. Residence styles which commonly use this structure code include Cape Cods and Bungalows. The base costs include: -

HVAC is readily available

aluminum or vinyl siding

structural floor and joists

insulation

windows

stairs

RM7 Residence, Finished Area Over Garage

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

RM4 Residence, Unfinished ½ Story

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 – 2009

The finished area over garage structure code is used to collect any area over the garage which is finished. In most cases the height will be less than a full story and contain a bedroom. In some cases, especially in better grade homes, more than one bedroom and also a bath will be present. A 4' to 6' (1.2 to 1.8 m) kneewall on both sides of the roof line is common. The most common residence style which uses this structure code is the expansion ranch. The base costs include: -

bedroom(s)

bathroom may be present

central heating hot air type

aluminum or vinyl siding

RM8 Residence, Finished 3/4 Story The finished 3/4 story residence structure code is used to collect any 3/4 level of the residence which is finished for living purposes. This would include all half stories which are finished and do have a full dormer or the equivalent of that dormer. This would have a 4' to 6' (1.2 to 1.8 m) kneewall on one side of the roof line and a full wall on the other side. Residence styles which commonly use this structure code include Cape Cods, Bungalows, some Old Styles, and Contemporaries. The base costs include: -

bedroom(s)

central heating hot air type

aluminum or vinyl siding

RM9 Residence, Unfinished 3/4 Story Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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The unfinished 3/4 story residence structure code is used to collect any level of the residence which is a 3/4 story area feasible to finish but as of yet not finished. Areas which are not readily finishable should not be collected as RM9. This area would typically have a 4' to 6' (1.2 to 1.8 m) kneewall on one side of the roof line and full wall on the other side. Residence styles which commonly use this structure code include Cape Cods, Bungalows, some Old Styles and Contemporaries. The base costs include: -

HVAC is readily available

aluminum or vinyl siding

structural floor and joists

windows

stairs

insulation

http://www.orps.state.ny.us/assessor/manuals/vol7/part1/section2/sec2b.htm

Basement: cellar. The part of a building that is wholly or partly below ground level Cornice: The moulded and projecting horizontal member that crowns an architectural composition || a top course that crowns a wall. || a decorative band of metal or wood used to conceal curtain fixtures. Foyer: Lobby, entrance hall; a vestibule. Gable: The generally triangular section of wall at the end of a pitched roof, occupying the space between the two slopes of the roof. Traditional Gable End

Straight Fan Light

Arched Fan Light Option 1

Arched Fan Light Option 2

Open Radius Gable End

Hip (style) roof: One formed by four walls sloped in different directions with the two longer sides forming a ridge at the top. Example:

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

GLOSSARY

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Rambler: style of house that extends sideways or in depth, therefore "rambles" –walks recreationally, for pleasure or exercise– (also known as ranchstyle houses or California ramblers Shake: A rough shingle –board, plank– used to cover rustic buildings, such as barns.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Square footage: the average measure of a property or land plot in square feet (sing. Square foot). One square foot = 929.03 cm², or 0.09 m². In Decimal Countries, Real Property / Real Estate Companies speak about square metrage. One square metre (1.00 m²) = 10.76 Sq.ft (square feet). Story: AmEng spelling for BrEng storey, plural stories or storeys a floor or level of a building. Two by four (plural two by fours, primarily US) A length of sawn wood of cross section 2 inches by 4 inches (5.08 x 10.16 cm), most often employed as structural framing lumber (dimension or dimensional lumber).

ejercicio: realizar una tasación, utilizando una tabla basada en el esquema anterior proponer ejemplo de oferta de empleo (ver anuncio de coronilla)

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “We learn by example and by direct experience because there are real limits to the adequacy of verbal instruction.” –Malcolm Gladwell THEORY: Grammar review: Use of hedges. The modals will, can/could, and may/might. The modals must, have to, should, ought to and need. Direct and indirect instructions and warnings. Problems and actions. Faultfinding charts62. Practising instructional information. Developing skills. RECOMMENDED SITES: Fault Finding Chart, fault-find list, faulty list: A fault finding diagnosis chart may be provided to identify faults given particular patterns. One of the terms used in Spanish is «Tabla de comprobación de errores».

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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•

List of house types (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_house_types)

•

Englishpage.com (http://www.englishpage.com/index.html)

•

Modal Verb Tutorial (http://www.englishpage.com/modals/modalintro.html)

TASKS: 1. What is the gist of the above text?. [Maximum 50 words] 2. Your bilingual glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged in 50 entries. By the end of this week you should have between 270 and 450 new terms. 3. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «Madtv–Apple I-rack» (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rw2nkoGLhrE) and then answer the questions below: 3.1. How many Apple products are presented? List them (tell the real ones from the fakes) 3.2. What’s the name of the newest product? Do you think is there any kind of pun (play on words)?

5. Transform/Rewrite all these actions into sentences with modal verbs (use of hedges) and gerund constructions (when doing, if doing, preposition + verb-ing). 6. Grammar review: word compounds, prefixes and suffixes. 7. Write a fault-finding chart. Most of the instructions for electronic devices include a list of actions to be taken in case of breaking down. Write yours with a device of your choice, including a minimum of 5 actions. 8. For your last practice work (oral presentation), your group should have already decided on the Topic. Try to agree on the general outline, and the parts to be delivered by each one.

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4. Identify three actions that should be done so as to make the vacuum cleaner work out. Now identify three actions that should not ever be done. Use of infinitive (instruction imperative and finality).

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Unit 11. Information Netiquette From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Netiquette, a portmanteau of "network etiquette", is a set of social conventions that facilitate interaction over networks, ranging from Usenet and mailing lists to blogs and forums. These rules were described in IETF RFC 1855. However, like many Internet phenomena, the concept and its application remain in a state of flux, and vary from community to community. The points most strongly emphasized about USENET netiquette often include using simple electronic signatures, and avoiding multiposting, cross-posting, thread hijacking, and other techniques used to minimize the effort required to read a post or a thread. Netiquette guidelines posted by IBM for employees utilizing Second Life63 in an official capacity, however, focus on basic professionalism, maintaining a tenable work environment, and protecting IBM's intellectual property. Similarly, some Usenet guidelines call for use of unabbreviated English while users of online chat protocols like IRC and instant messaging protocols like SMS often encourage trends in the opposite direction. History Netiquette originated prior to the emergence of the World Wide Web in 1989. Text-based email, Telnet, Usenet, Gopher, Wais, and ftp dominated internet traffic, which was primarily used by educational and research bodies. At that time, it was considered somewhat indecent to make commercial public postings and the limitations of insecure, text-only communications demanded the community have a common set of rules. The term "netiquette" has been in use since as early as 1988, as evidenced by early posts of the satirical Dear Emily Postnews column. Common characteristics Variations in etiquette between communities using similar technologies can be seen when comparing standards governing wiki editors: IBM's Redwiki guidelines threaten the loss of editing privileges over factual mistakes, while Memory Alpha and other public wikis take the open-source-inspired line that "false or misleading information" should simply be corrected, barring apparent malice. However, both projects urge editors not to permit themselves a sense of ownership over a given article, as does Wikipedia. Common rules for e-mail and USENET such as avoiding flamewars and spam are constant across most mediums and communities. Another rule is to avoid typing in ALL CAPS, which is considered shouting or yelling. Other commonly shared points, such as remembering that one's posts are (or can easily be made) public, are generally intuitively understood by publishers of web pages and posters to USENET. On more private protocols, however, such as email and SMS, some users take the privacy of their posts for granted. Second Life (abbreviated as SL) is an Internet-based virtual world video game developed by Linden Research, Inc (commonly referred to as Linden Lab). http://secondlife.com/

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One-on-one communications, such as private messages on chat forums and direct SMSes, may be considered more private than other such protocols, but infamous breaches surround even these relatively private media. For example, Paris Hilton's Sidekick PDA was hacked in 2005, resulting in the publication of her private photos, SMS history, address book, et al. More substantially, an uncivil group email sent by Cerner CEO64 Neal Patterson to managers of a facility in Kansas City concerning "Cerner's declining work ethic" read, in part, "The parking lot is sparsely used at 8 A.M.; likewise at 5 P.M. As managers – you either do not know what your EMPLOYEES are doing; or YOU do not CARE ... In either case, you have a problem and you will fix it or I will replace you." After the email was forwarded to hundreds of other employees, it quickly leaked to the public. On the day that the email was posted to Yahoo!, Cerner's stock price fell by over 22% from a high of $1.5 billion USD65.

In late 2007, employees of the United States Department of Homeland Security used large CC lists in place of a mailing list to broadcast messages to several hundred users. Misuse of the "reply to all" caused the number of responses to that message to quickly expand to some 2 million messages, bringing down their mail server. In cases like this, rules of netiquette have to do with efficient sharing of resources and ensuring that the associated technology continues to function rather than more basic etiquette. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netiquette

CEO: Chief Executive Officer or chief executive is the highest-ranking corporate officer, administrator, corporate administrator, executive, or executive officer in charge of total management of a corporation, company, organization, or agency. 65 $1.5 billion USD: $ 1,500 million USD, approx. € 1,000 million EUR. 64

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Beyond matters of basic courtesy and privacy, email syntax (defined by RFC 2822) allows for different types of recipients. The primary recipient, defined by the To: line, can reasonably be expected to respond, but recipients of carbon copies cannot be, although they still might. Likewise, misuse of the CC/BCC functions in lieu of traditional mailing lists can result in serious technical issues.

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Email Etiquette

Tips for Professional Email By Dawn Rosenberg McKay, About.com

CURSO 2008 – 2009

According to The UCLA Internet Report 2001, of the 72.3 percent of Americans who use the Internet, 87.9 percent use email. Many use it for business communications, which is the main reason I'm writing this article on email etiquette. While a lot of people understand the importance of following certain rules when writing a business letter, they often forget these rules when composing an email message. Just in case you've forgotten, let me refresh your memory. •

Mind Your Manners: Think of the basic rules you learned growing up, like saying please and thank you. Address people you don't know as Mr., Mrs., or Dr. Only address someone by first name if they imply it's okay to do so.

•

Watch Your Tone: Merriam-Webster defines tone as an "accent or inflection expressive of a mood or emotion." It is very difficult to express tone in writing. You want to come across as respectful, friendly, and approachable. You don't want to sound curt66 or demanding.

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Be Concise: Get to the point of your email as quickly as possible, but don't leave out important details that will help your recipient answer your query.

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Be Professional: This means, stay away from abbreviations and don't use emoticons (those little smiley faces). Don't use a cute or suggestive email address for business communications.

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Use Correct Spelling and Proper Grammar: Use a dictionary or a spell checker — whichever works better for you. While you can write in a conversational tone (contractions are okay), pay attention to basic rules of grammar.

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Ask Before You Send an Attachment: Because of computer viruses, many people won't open attachments unless they know the sender. Even that can be a mistake because many viruses come disguised in email messages from someone you know. Before sending an attachment, ask the recipient if you may do so.

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Wait to Fill in the "TO" Email Address: Career Planning Site visitor Larry Batchelor says, "I never fill in the 'TO' email address until I am completely through proofing my email and I am sure that it is exactly the way that I want it. This will keep you from accidentally sending an email prematurely. In the past, I have accidentally clicked on the send icon, when I really meant to click on the attachment icon." http://careerplanning.about.com/od/communication/a/email_tips.htm

Curt: abrupt, rough. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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ver también:

Top 20 Most Important Rules of Email Etiquette

CURSO 2008 – 2009

http://email.about.com/od/emailnetiquette/tp/core_netiquette.htm

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5 Simple Ways to Open Your Blog Post With a Bang by Brian Clark

What’s the second most important part of your blog post after the title? Master copywriter Eugene Schwartz often spent an entire week on the first 50 words of a sales piece — the headline and the opening paragraph. Just imagine how disappointed you’d be after crafting a killer headline [http://www.copyblogger.com/magnetic-headlines/] for your post, only to lose readers with an opening that failed to carry the momentum. A great headline mixed with a lame opening is like inviting someone into your house, only to slam the door in their face as they approach. So, here are 5 ways to open your post that will capture the reader’s imagination and pull them deeper into your content. 1. Ask a Question

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Opening your post with a question is a rhetorical device (hence, the “rhetorical question”) that creates curiosity and gets the reader thinking. Thinking equals active engagement with your writing, and that’s a very good thing. 2. Share an Anecdote or Quote Anecdotes are quick stories that can make people laugh or immediately establish the main point of your post. A nice quote from a recognizable authority or famous person can also work wonders when holding attention in those crucial opening seconds. 3. Invoke the Mind’s Eye Producing a mental image in a reader’s mind is one of the most powerful things you can ever do as a writer, so expressly engaging the imagination is a powerful opening technique. Activate the mind’s eye of the reader by using words like “imagine,” “picture this,” “do you remember when,” etc. 4. Use an Analogy, Metaphor or Simile Analogies, metaphors and similes are some of the most powerful devices available when it comes to telling a story in a single sentence. This is a great way to capture a reader’s attention and also acts to provoke mental imagery that allows readers to tell a story to themselves. 5. Cite a Shocking Statistic Starting off with an interesting factoid is also a great technique. People love being provided with interesting data, but only if it is unique, startling, or even shocking. The statistic should also be directly relevant to the point of your post as well. Bonus Tip: The third most important part of your blog post is the closing. A great way to close is to tie back into your opening. So, which of the 5 techniques did I NOT use in the opening to this post? [http://www.copyblogger.com/5-simple-ways-to-open-your-blog-post-with-a-bang/] Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Whenever you are asked if you can do a job, tell 'em, 'Certainly I can!' Then get busy and find out how to do it.” – Theodore Roosevelt (1858 - 1919) THEORY: Application forms, résumés and CVs. The Europass model. Grammar review: Conversations, meetings and interviews. Miscellaneous writing. Developing skills

•

Department of Electronic Engineering (Queen Mary, University of London): Career and Profession (http://www.elec.qmul.ac.uk/study/ug/career.htm)

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Engineering Technicians (http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos112.htm)

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Good Greg: Interviews examples (http://www.imahal.com/careers/management/interviews/interviews_example2.h tm)

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Job Application Center (http://jobsearch.about.com/od/jobapplications/a/jobapplication.htm)

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Job interviews tips and techniques, sample interview questions and answers, sample interviews letters and templates (http://www.businessballs.com/interviews.htm)

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Succeed in Your Job Interview (http://www.aarp.org/money/careers/findingajob/interviews/a2004-0608-jobinterview.html)

TASKS: 1. Write down a descriptive abstract on the above text (Max. 50 words). 2. Your glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged by 3050 new entries. By this week, your glossary’s database should contain, around 300-500 entries. 3. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «Impossible is the Opposite of Possible» (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=nAV0sxwx9rY) and then answer the questions below: 3.1. Do you think it is a good idea to show your personal CV on the Internet? 3.2. Do you think you would get a better-paid job in doing so? 4. What does the verb “to shortlist” mean in this context of a job interview? 5. What points should you consider before attending the interview? 6. Some authors advise you to pose some questions to the interviewer. Do you think straight questions on your part might work? 7. This text is connected to other sites on what you should prepare, and what you should not do during an interview (see http://mcleon.tripod.com/salary.htm “10 Best Tips to Win Salary Negotiations”). Try to compare the pieces of advice offered with what you might be expected to do in Spain. Do you agree with the points? (Three-line commentary)

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES:

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8. According to the text, what are interviews intended for? Do you agree with the statement “Although these questions may be challenging, they are not meant to trap, find fault with or penalize the candidate”? 9. What are the five areas that help the interviewer select the right person for the right job? Do you agree with the author? Justify your answer. 10. Why is it so important that interviewees should be honest during the whole process? How much “honest”? What if we, accidentally, slid some minor inaccuracies? 11. What is the part of this text that has impressed you the most? Why? Justify your answer. 12. Answer extensively 3 of the questions from the questionnaire on motivation and achievement. 13. Finally, you are offered the job. However, you are not very happy with the wages, although the post seems attractive. Should you accept it immediately? What advice could you take?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

14. OPTIONAL WORK: Write a suitable CV/Résumé, together with the accompanying cover letter to apply for the post shown below:

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Unit 12. The Future of Engineering Civil Engineering Building the Future

As the technological revolution expands, as the world's population increases, and as environmental concerns mount, civil engineering skills will be needed throughout the world. Whatever area you choose, be it design, construction, research, planning, teaching or management, civil engineering offers you a wide range of career choices. And there's no limit to the personal satisfaction you will feel from helping to make our world a better place to live. There are seven major, interrelated branches of civil engineering: Structural Engineering Structural engineers face the challenge of designing structures that support their own weight and the loads they carry, and that resist extreme forces from wind, earthquakes, bombings, temperature and others. Bridges, buildings, amusement park rides and many other kinds of projects are included within this speciality. Structural engineers develop appropriate combinations of steel, concrete, timber, plastic and new exotic materials. They also plan and design, and visit project sites to make sure work is done properly. Environmental Engineering The skills of environmental engineers have become increasingly important as we protect our fragile resources. Environmental engineers translate physical, chemical and biological processes into systems to destroy toxic substances, remove pollutants from water, reduce non-hazardous solid waste volumes, eliminate contaminants from the air and develop groundwater supplies. Environmental engineers are called upon to resolve the problems of providing safe drinking water, cleaning up contaminated sites with hazardous materials, disposing of wastewater and managing solid wastes. Geotechnical Engineering Geotechnical engineering is required in all aspects of civil engineering because most projects are supported by the ground. A geotechnical engineer may develop projects below the ground, such as tunnels, foundations and offshore Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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Civil engineers have one of the world's most important jobs: they build our quality of life. With creativity and technical skill, civil engineers plan, design, construct and operate the facilities essential to modern life, ranging from bridges and highway systems to water treatment plants and energy-efficient buildings. Civil engineers are problem solvers, meeting the challenges of pollution, traffic congestion, drinking water and energy needs, urban redevelopment and community planning.

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platforms. They analyse the properties of soil and rock that support and affect the behaviour of these structures. They evaluate potential settlements of buildings, the stability of slopes and fills, the seepage of ground water and the effects of earthquakes. They investigate rocks and soils at a project site and determine the best way to support a structure in the ground. They also take part in the design and construction of dams, embankments and retaining walls. Water Resources Engineering Water is essential to our lives, and water resources engineers deal with the physical control of water. They work with others to prevent floods, supply water for cities, industry and agriculture, to protect beaches or to manage and redirect rivers. They design, construct and maintain hydroelectric power facilities, canals, dams, pipelines, pumping stations, locks, seaport facilities or even waterslides.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Transportation Engineering The quality of a community is directly related to the quality of its transportation system. Transportation engineers work to move people, goods and materials safely and efficiently. They find ways to meet our ever-increasing travel needs on land, air and sea. They design, construct and maintain all types of transportation facilities, including airports, highways, railroads, mass transit systems and ports. An important part of transportation engineering is upgrading our transportation capability by improving traffic control and mass transit systems, and by introducing high-speed trains, people movers and other intermodal transportation methods. Construction Engineering The construction phase of a project represents the first tangible result of a design. Using technical and management skills, construction engineers turn designs into reality on time and within budget. They apply their knowledge of construction methods and equipment, along with the principles of financing, planning and managing, to turn the designs of other engineers into successful facilities. Urban and Community Planning Planners are concerned with the full development of a community. They analyse a variety of information to co-ordinate projects, such as projecting street patterns, identifying park and recreation areas, and determining areas for industrial and residential growth. They employ their technical and people skills to co-ordinate with other authorities to integrate freeways, airports and other related facilities. Qualifications and Trends More and more, those entering the civil engineering field must have skills in communication, computers, management and foreign languages, as well as advanced knowledge in a speciality within civil engineering. Students increasingly need to have knowledge of foreign languages or cultures, because many civil engineering mega projects are now overseas: Petronas Towers in

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Malaysia, the Channel Tunnel in Europe and the new Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan, which is the longest suspension bridge in the world. Engineers with geotechnical and environmental engineering expertise remain in strong demand because environmental concerns touch all infrastructure projects. Robotics and computer skills are also prized in civil engineering as automation and information technologies continue to evolve the civil engineering workplace. Today's engineers will see more specialisation, working in teams, globalisation, new materials and increased use of computer applications. Today, engineers must continue their education long after their bachelor's degree. Whether through continuing education and professional development programs, many of which are offered through ASCE, or master's degree programs, students will need to increase their knowledge base to remain competitive. In addition, more and more employers are encouraging employees to earn master's degrees and become licensed professional engineers. The demand for civil engineers will remain strong. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the number of U.S. civil engineering jobs will increase from the current 184,500 (1994 figure) to 218,700 by the year 2005. That growth rate is average for most job fields. The market for engineers in the U.S. is in infrastructure renewal, as so much of our infrastructure - from highways and bridges to water treatment systems and dams - are decaying and in need of repair. In 1998, the U.S. Congress passed a new transportation funding bill that increases spending by 40 percent to rebuild some 150,000 miles of roads. The new funding will create 1.4 million new jobs in the transportation construction industry, according to the American Road and Transportation Builders. Many engineering firms and state transportation departments are understaffed to handle all the work. According to the most recent U.S. salary survey conducted by ASCE in 1995, entry-level civil engineers earn an average of $32,000; mid-career engineers earn $52,000-$58,000; and senior engineers average $73,000-$86,000. Resources for Students The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), headquartered in Reston, Virginia, is a professional society for 123,000 civil engineers worldwide, with several programs to encourage and support civil engineering students. The Society publishes a booklet on civil engineering careers, and has active student chapters at more than 225 colleges and universities throughout the U.S. For more information on civil engineering careers or college engineering programs, contact the Educational Activities Division of ASCE at 703/295-6000. Author James E. Davis Executive Director and CEO American Society of Civil Engineers http://www.studyoverseas.com/engineering/articles/enciv.htm

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Future Demand and Salaries

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THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “It is important that students bring a certain ragamuffin67, barefoot irreverence to their studies; they are not here to worship what is known, but to question it.” – Jacob Bronowski THEORY: Grammar review. How to organize contents in a letter. Style and audience. Presentation letter. Cover letter. Faxes. E-mail68. The netiquette. Developing skills.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

RECOMMENDED SITES: •

10 Tips for writing business emails that say the right thing about you (http://www.mftrou.com/writing-business-emails.html)

•

Business Email Is Not A Teenage Chat Room (http://management.about.com/od/communication/a/Email_stds04.htm)

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Formats of Business Writing (http://lcb1.uoregon.edu/rseverso/199/formats.htm)

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Guide to Basic Business Letters (http://esl.about.com/cs/onthejobenglish/a/a_basbletter.htm)

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Netiquette (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netiquette)

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Writing Business Letters - English for Special Purposes Core Vocabulary (http://esl.about.com/library/lexical/bllexlist_commletters1.htm)

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XE – Universal Currency Converter (http://www.xe.com/ucc/)

TASKS: 1. Outline the underlying ideas on the above text. 2. Reading Comprehension: 2.1. According to the text, are all grammatical mistakes to be considered unacceptable? On what occasions are those errors allowed? Do you agree with it? 2.2. Can you think of other instances where laws/rules could be transgressed for the sake of some other benefit? 2.3. Would you define the writer’s tone and discourse correct or incorrect? In what aspects? Give out arguments to account for your answers. 2.4. Rewrite the two cases of “dangling participles” provided by the author. 3. Your glossary on Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor should be enlarged by 3050 new entries. By this week, your glossary’s database should contain, around 330-550 entries. 4. Write your own post for a blog: work in groups of 3-4 students (20 lines minimum). Share Feedback.

The term ragamuffin (or raggamuffin) is used to refer to a child clothed in shabby, ill-fitting or dirty clothes. 68 E-mail: short for electronic mail and often abbreviated to e-mail, email or simply mail. The e-mail form is becoming increasingly rare in English, where it may also be used as a verb. 67

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5. Watch the following You Tube video-clip, «Seven-Language Interpreter» (http://youtube.com/watch?v=GBG47Enx79I&feature=related), and then answer the questions: 5.1. What’s the reason why the CEO thinks he’s living a nightmare?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

5.2. Do you think the temporary interpreter’s behaviour is honest? What other solutions would you have offered?

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Unit 13. Oral Presentations (I) Tips for Oral Presentations This guide is intended to give a few tips for your presentation. It is neither complete nor precise. You must decide what is appropriate for you and your topic, then go with it. What is important is that you plan! Timing

CURSO 2008 – 2009

An individual presentation is allocated 30 minutes (this could be an hour if you are in a large team, in which case scale the timings up). This includes about 510 minutes for questions. You should plan on 20-25 minutes for your presentation, and you must not take more than the total allotted time. After your prepared presentation, you will lead a short period of discussion and entertain questions. You should plan on interacting with your audience during this period (perhaps during the entire 30 minutes). If, when you finish, no one has any questions or comments, it is your responsibility to stimulate some discussion. One way to do this is to leave out something in your talk that you expect them to question, then turn the question on the audience if they are silent. You are expected to rehearse your presentation, so you do not finish extremely quickly, and you do not run overtime (in which case you will be cut off). Speak at a normal pace (not too fast, and not too slow to bore the audience). Usually, it is effective to use cadence to emphasize a key point: a slowdown brings attention to the point, especially if there is a visual aid on which to focus. This could also work against you if you inadvertently change cadence over a minor point. If possible, get someone to hear you and give you feedback (in exchange for your doing likewise). Use a stopwatch to time yourself in at least one rehearsal. Content Your objective is to communicate with your audience; oral presentation has a different associative mechanism than a written report (gestures and tones, for example, are important). Your basic outline should be the following: 1. Introduction - tell them what you are going to say; 2. Background - introduce necessary terms (illustrate complex ones with examples); 3. Main Results - tell them what you have to say; 4. Conclusions - tell them what you said. The Introduction should be a succinct description that prepares your audience for what follows. It should take about 2-3 minutes and use 1 or 2 overheads. The Background should present the key elements of what you have to say and should take about 3-5 minutes. Together these should take about 6-7 minutes.

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The Main Results should take about 15 minutes. The beginning should be smoothly entered, having prepared the audience adequately. Similarly, there should be a smooth transition, as you begin to present your conclusions. The Conclusions should take about 2-3 minutes. I shall use 5-7 minutes for evaluations by your fellow students, so you have the full 30 minutes to use. If you finish early and there are no questions, you must elicit some discussion from your audience. One way to do this is to ask them some questions, which you might have expected them to ask. Form

Although there are some advantages to spontaneity, you are urged not to deviate from your prepared presentation (until the discussion period). If you do, you are likely to run into trouble. Let the audience know right away if you welcome questions during the presentation, or whether you prefer that they wait until the end. If someone points out a mistake, thank them. Answer all questions honestly; if you do not know an answer, say so and ask if someone else can answer the question. Make each overhead clear and uncluttered. Use the visual aid quite literally and do not spend space on words. Your aim is to highlight, reinforce, focus and illustrate a point (perhaps 2). Miller's magic number, 7+-2, describes a limit (of chunks of information) of how much one can retain in immediate memory. Without going into this, it suffices to note that you could overburden your audience if you require them to see too much at one time, or if you require that they remember too many terms from earlier overheads. Be sure to speak clearly and distinctly. Avoid filling pauses with "uhm", "like" and "you know". Humor can be very effective, but do not tell a joke that might offend someone. Your presentation is an amalgamation of your communication skills that uses all senses (primarily vision and hearing) and wit to gain attention. Keeping the attention of your audience is not done by content alone! (This is not to say that you should make entertainment a priority over content. I take for granted you have something useful to say, and now you must share that knowledge with a receptive group of peers. Simple utterance is not enough!) Plan your talk accordingly. Given your time budget, think about each thing you say: •

Does this contribute to my communication?

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Does this inform my audience?

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Does this fit with what I've said and am about to say?

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Does this make a relevant point?

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

What you have to say - i.e., content - is communicated by how you say it - i.e., form. Prepared overheads are very effective visual aids when they are designed and used properly. Blackboard writing is not suggested, except for answering a question, because it takes time and will not communicate as well as a carefully designed overhead.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

One final suggestion: relax! Some nervousness is not only expected, it is a force for productivity. One way to relax is to meditate (or use some other preparation) in the late morning or early afternoon. If you have not done this, try it. If you do not choose to try specific exercises to relax, think about how far you have come and that you have something to say that no one else in the room knows. Exert your knowledgeability with confidence. Some class time will be allocated to review this guide and other tips. Please feel free to share what you know about presentations at that time, and talk with your Clinic teacher anytime.

CURSO 2008 – 2009

http://www-math.cudenver.edu/~billups/courses/ma5594/tips_oral.html

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Ernest Hemingway’s Top 5 Tips for Writing Well by Brian Clark

Who better? Many business people faced with the task of writing for marketing purposes are quick to say: Hey, I’m no Hemingway! But really, who better than Hemingway to emulate? Rather than embracing the flowery prose of the literati, he chose to eschew obfuscation at every turn and write simply and clearly. So let’s see what Ernest can teach us about effective writing. 1. Use short sentences.

Perhaps his finest demonstration of short sentence prowess was when he was challenged to tell an entire story in only 6 words: For sale: baby shoes, never used. 2. Use short first paragraphs. See opening. 3. Use vigorous English. Here’s David Garfinkel’s take on this one: It’s muscular, forceful. Vigorous English comes from passion, focus and intention. It’s the difference between putting in a good effort and TRYING to move a boulder… and actually sweating, grunting, straining your muscles to the point of exhaustion… and MOVING the freaking thing! 4. Be positive, not negative. Since Hemingway was not necessarily the cheeriest guy in the world, what does he mean by be positive? Basically, you should say what something is rather than what it isn’t. This is what Michel Fortin calls using up words: By stating what something isn’t can be counterproductive since it is still directing the mind, albeit in the opposite way. If I told you that dental work is painless for example, you’ll still focus on the word “pain” in “painless.” •

Instead of saying “inexpensive,” say “economical,”

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

Hemingway was famous for a terse minimalist style of writing that dispensed with flowery adjectives and got straight to the point. In short, Hemingway wrote with simple genius.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

•

Instead of saying “this procedure is painless,” say “there’s little discomfort” or “it’s relatively comfortable,”

•

And instead of saying “this software is error-free” or “foolproof,” say “this software is consistent” or “stable.”

5. Never have only 4 rules. Actually, Hemingway did only have 4 rules for writing, and they were those he was given as a cub reporter at the Kansas City Star in 1917. But, as any blogger or copywriter knows, having only 4 rules will never do. So, in order to have 5, I had to dig a little deeper to get the most important of Hemingway’s writing tips of all: “I write one page of masterpiece to ninety one pages of shit,” Hemingway confided to F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1934. “I try to put the shit in the wastebasket.”

CURSO 2008 – 2009

http://www.copyblogger.com/ernest-hemingway-top-5-tips-for-writing-well/

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: "I have learnt much from my teachers and from my colleagues more than from my teachers, but from my disciples more than from them all." – B. Taanit 7a) THEORY: Grammar review: Oral presentations. Classification. Visual-verbal relationship. Practising classifications. A viability study or feasibility report. Developing skills RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Writing a Feasibility Study (http://www.nfsmi.org/Information/cfs/chapter4.pdf])

•

Writing Engineering Reports (http://www.eng.wayne.edu/legacy/MSE130/REPORT.html)

TASKS: 1. Write down a précis of the above text. Find out the underlying structure of the text, identifying the main idea as developed in each paragraph. 2. Identify and comment conditional constructions. Textual analysis (questions and topics to be suggested by the teacher). 3. Devise an overview draft of a feasibility study. Students should work in teams, and work on the item/product of their choice. They are requested to follow up the advice and formal protocols covered in Writing a Feasibility Study. (http://www.nfsmi.org/Information/cfs/chapter4.pdf) 4. By now, your Construction Engineering / Quantity Surveyor Glossary should be finished, comprising around 360-600 common terms. Be ready to hand a hard-copy electronic version on CD-Rom, if required to do so, during your final presentation. 5. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «Renewable Energy: Wind Power» (http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=klFoqqgLHCA&feature=related) and then answer the questions below: Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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5.1. What is the gist of video? Make a brief summary in 30-50 words. 5.2. According to the video, what is the difference between “bad power” and “good power”? What might be the reason?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

6. Your group should be finishing the presentation material. Start rehearsing to check times, language, slides and media, and support material.

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 14. Oral Presentations (II)

CURSO 2008 – 2009

“I’d like a swing …” A feasibility story

[http://thevc.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/engineering.jpg]

THIS UNIT’S QUOTE: “Un defecto puede ser un tesoro. El descubrimiento de la imperfección nos brinda la posibilidad de reducir el espacio que nos separa de la excelencia.” – D.M. Berwick THEORY: General revision. Preparing an oral presentation. RECOMMENDED SITES: •

Hints for Your Oral Presentations (http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/Bio111/Bio111LabMan/Preface%20A.htm l)

•

How To Speak In Public To A Group (http://management.about.com/od/communication/ht/PublicSpeaking6.htm) Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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•

Language Skills Handbook On-line Edition (http://www.etsu.edu/scitech/langskil/toc.htm)

•

Making Effective Oral Presentations (http://web.cba.neu.edu/%7Eewertheim/skills/oral.htm)

•

Presentation Skills (http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/dept/Tips/present/present.htm)

•

Principles of Public Speaking (http://www.nvcc.edu/home/npeck/spd100/default.htm)

TASKS: 1. Imagine you were to present a given topic on your degree, e.g. (“Renewal energies”) before a suitable audience. What’s the general lay out you would use for your transparencies? Is there any web-site devoted to public presentations and laying out slides/transparencies? Give reasons, as well as web-addresses (Please, note well: your suggestions should be different from YouTube video «5 Quick Tips to Effective Public Speaking», already included below). 2. Watch the following You Tube video-clip: «5 Quick Tips to Effective Public Speaking» , and then answer the questions: (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xcMOzkne8ko&feature=related) 2.2. Name the five tips she mentions, together with, if possible, a piece of advice she may give. 3. Look for a web-site tutorial, and, if possible, a video-tutorial (YouTube, Metacafe, DailyMotion, etc.) on public presentations/speech deliveries. 4. By this week, your group should have finished the presentation material, and would be about to deliver it. If given the opportunity, do check all the text twice with your lecturers. On “Presentation Day” you are advised to be suitably attired, and bring along with you, not only your lap-tops or USB flash-memory disks (“memo-sticks”), but also a very detailed script of all the procedure: Who comes first, what visual aid is to be shown, etc. DIN A-5 sheets of paper, printed on font size 14, double-spaced, are preferred to loose, DIN A-4 sheets, printed on font size 12 (or even 10!!), and single-spaced. 5. Read thoroughly all your presentation material, especially visual aids, and try to answer these questions: 5.1. Is everything written in English? 5.2. Is the spelling correct? 5.3. Do you know how to pronounce all difficult and/or technical words? Are you really 100% sure? (Are you sure, indeed?) 5.4. Are all quotes, prices, measures presented in an intelligible way? (i.e., in euros instead of pounds sterling or US dollars; in metres instead of inches, etc.). 5.5. Have all group members been assigned time slots and tasks? (All of you should present a part of the topic, during an average of 5-7 minutes. The spoken language should be English). 6. Do check that ALL group members can deliver their part in a maximum of only 7 minutes. You will not be given extra points if you stay longer, or try to deliver a very difficult topic.

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

2.1. How does the speaker rate herself as a public speaker?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

ANNEXES

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CURSO 2008 – 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 1. English Grammar Placement Test Answer Key Part One: Elementary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

a) is b) doesn’t b) much a) is c) don’t c) play a) Would you like?

CURSO 2008 – 2009

Part Two: Intermediate 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

b) went c) didn’t like a) was c) has c) has lost b) Have you c) would a) would b) could

Part Three: Upper Intermediate 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

c) had already left c) hadn’t gone a) will have left c) might go c) to turn off c) speaking a) despite b) down a) not to stay b) had gone

Part Four: Advanced 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

c) did she go b) bitterly b) are not to start a) tall enough c) to have caught a) needs redecorating c) to open c) in b) do I eat

WORLD-ENGLISH: ENGLISH GRAMMAR PLACEMENT TEST http://www.world-english.org/test.htm

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Common English Irregular Verbs69 Arose

Awake Be [am, are, is] Bear

Awoke Was / Were Bore

Awoken Been Borne / Born

Beat Become Begin Bend Bet Bind Bid Bite Bleed Blow Break Breed Bring Broadcast Build Burn Burst Buy Cast Catch Come Cost Cut Choose Cling Creep Deal Dig Do [Does] Draw Dream

Beat Became Began Bent Bet Bound Bid Bit Bled Blew Broke Bred Brought Broadcast Built Burnt / Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Came Cost Cut Chose Clung Crept Dealt Dug Did Drew Dreamt / Dreamed Drank

Beaten Become Begun Bent Bet Bound Bid Bitten Bled Blown Broken Bred Brought Broadcast Built Burnt / Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Come Cost Cut Chosen Clung Crept Dealt Dug Done Drawn Dreamt / Dreamed Drunk

Drink

SIMPLE PAST

TRADUCCIÓN Surgir, Levantarse Despertarse Ser, Estar Soportar, dar a luz Golpear Llegar a Ser Empezar Doblar Apostar Atar, encuadernar Pujar Morder Sangrar Soplar Romper Criar Traer Llevar Radiar Edificar Quemar Reventar Comprar Arrojar Coger Venir Costar Cortar Elegir Agarrarse Arrastrarse Tratar Cavar Hacer Dibujar Soñar Beber

Irregular Verbs: This list is, by no means, complete. Those verbs that are not very much in current use, or that are rare, have not been included. Average lists include 120-180 verbs. A full, comprehensive, list could include around 600 verbs. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

Arise

PAST PARTICIPLE Arisen

INFINITIVE

CURSO 2008 - 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Drive Eat Fall Feed Feel Fight Find Flee Fly Forbid Forget Forgive Freeze Get Give Go [Goes] Grow Grind Hang Have Hear Hide Hit Hold Hurt Keep Know Kneel Knit Lay Lead Lean Leap Learn Leave Lend Let Lie Light Lose Make Mean Meet Mistake Overcome Pay Put

Drove Ate Fell Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flew Forbade Forgot Forgave Froze Got Gave Went Grew Ground Hung Had Heard Hid Hit Held Hurt Kept Knew Knelt Knit Laid Led Leant Leapt Learnt / Learned Left Lent Let Lay Lit Lost Made Meant Met Mistook Overcame Paid Put

Driven Eaten Fallen Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flown Forbidden Forgotten Forgiven Frozen Got / Gotten Given Gone Grown Ground Hung Had Heard Hidden Hit Held Hurt Kept Known Knelt Knit Laid Led Leant Leapt Learnt / Learned Left Lent Let Lain Lit Lost Made Meant Met Mistaken Overcome Paid Put

Conducir Comer Caer Alimentar Sentir Luchar Encontrar Huir Volar Prohibir Olvidar Perdonar Helar Obtener Dar Ir Crecer Moler Colgar Haber, Tener Oír Ocultar Golpear Agarrar Celebrar Herir Conservar Saber Conocer Arrodillarse Hacer punto Poner Conducir Apoyarse Brincar Aprender Dejar Prestar Permitir Echarse Encender Perder Hacer Significar Encontrar Equivocar Vencer Pagar Poner

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Read Ride Ring Rise Run Say See Seek Sell Send Set Sew Shake Shear Shine Shoot Show Shrink Shut Sing Sink Sit Sleep Slide Smell Sow Speak Speed Spell Spend Spill Spin Spit Split

Read Rode Rang Rose Ran Said Saw Sought Sold Sent Set Sewed Shook Shore Shone Shot Showed Shrank Shut Sang Sank Sat Slept Slid Smelt Sowed Spoke Sped Spelt Spent Spilt / Spilled Spun Spat Split

Read Ridden Rung Risen Run Said Seen Sought Sold Sent Set Sewed / Sewn Shaken Shorn Shone Shot Shown Shrunk Shut Sung Sunk Sat Slept Slid Smelt Sowed / Sown Spoken Sped Spelt Spent Spilt / Spilled Spun Spat Split

Spoil Spread Spring Stand Steal Stick Sting Stink Stride Strike Swear Sweat

Spoilt / Spoiled Spread Sprang Stood Stole Stuck Stung Stank/Stunk Strode Struck Swore Sweat

Spoilt / Spoiled Spread Sprung Stood Stolen Stuck Stung Stunk Stridden Struck Sworn Sweat

Leer Montar Llamar Levantarse Correr Decir Ver Buscar Vender Enviar Poner(se) Coser Sacudir Esquilar Brillar Disparar Mostrar Encogerse Cerrar Cantar Hundir Sentarse Dormir Resbalar Oler Sembrar Hablar Acelerar Deletrear Gastar Derramar Hilar Escupir Hender, partir, rajar Estropear Extender Saltar Estar en pie Robar Pegar Engomar Picar Apestar Dar zancadas Golpear Jurar Sudar

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

CURSO 2008 - 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Sweep Swell Swim Swing Take Teach Tear Tell Think Throw Thrust Tread Understand Undergo Undertake Wake Wear Weave Weep Wed Wet Win Wind

Swept Swelled Swam Swung Took Taught Tore Told Thought Threw Thrust Trod Understood Underwent Undertook Woke Wore Wove Wept Wed Wet Won Wound

Swept Swollen Swum Swung Taken Taught Torn Told Thought Thrown Thrust Trodden Understood Undergone Undertaken Woken Worn Woven Wept Wed Wet Won Wound

Withdraw Withhold

Withdrew Withheld

Withdrawn Withheld

Wring Write

Wrung Wrote

Wrung Written

Barrer Hinchar Nadar Columpiarse Coger Enseñar Rasgar Decir Pensar Arrojar Tirar Introducir Pisar, hollar Entender Sufrir Emprender Despertarse Llevar puesto Tejer Llorar Mojar Casarse Ganar Enrollar, dar cuerda Retirar(se) Ocultar, retener, negar Torcer Escribir

Lists of Grammar Lists http://www2.gsu.edu/~wwwesl/egw/grlists.htm English Grammar on the Web http://www2.gsu.edu/~wwwesl/egw/index1.htm

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Unit 2. The House

Unit 4. The Construction Project Answer to the cross-word:

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

Answer to the cross-word:

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

The COTTAGE on COTTAGE The Cottage, which was renovated several years ago, still embodies the charm of its era without sacrificing comfort. High, curved ceilings, original woodwork and hardwood floors combined with well-chosen and comfortable furnishings make this townhouse a lovely place to relax during one’s visit to the area. The unit features two bedrooms (one with a queen bed, the other with two twins), a well equipped modern eat-in kitchen with marble countertops, a spacious bathroom with tub and shower, and a grand parlour complete with a bay window, decorative fireplace, and sitting areas. A rear covered porch allows for cooking on the gas grill while the delightful façade and garden welcome visitors to an all-but-lost old-fashioned community.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Unit 5. Safety on the Construction Site

[www.pioneer.net/~mchumor/inspection1_bframe.html]

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Ladder showing correct 1 in 4 angle (means of securing omitted for clarity)

Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

Positioning a leaning ladder

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 7. Construction Materials

CURSO 2008 - 2009

“Check board design”. Possible answer:

Expressions you may use to describe a site: • North • South • East • West • In the upper right/left corner • In the lower right/left corner • In the middle/ in the centre

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http://www.pioneer.net/~mchumor/regulation2_bframe.html

Ginger-bread house: a heavy sweet spicy cake or a biscuit in the shape of a house, as in the Hansel and Gretel story. Lo-cal: low calory (i.e., diet food). Lacking fat, sugar, or very rich nutrients. Hi-fiber: high content in fibre, very rich in fibre.

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 8. Construction Tools Build a Lifting Machine This task is to work as part of a team to build a lifting machine. The lifting machine is to lift something (a load) that weighs at least 2 kilograms and needs to be lifted to a height of at least 50cm by the machine. That sounds fascinating, doesn’t it? To begin with, here is some information about lifting machines that is awesome.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Scissor Lift

Today we are surrounded by machines that make work easier, and it is hard to imagine life without them. Machines (such as cranes) are used to lift or raise large loads a certain distance, in particular, lifting materials to where they are needed during the construction of a large building.

Other lifting machines include jacks that can lift the weight of a car, lifts in a city building, and forklift trucks that can lift and move crates or pallets. When lifting these loads, the lifting machine is raising the Load against the force of Gravity. These machines are all designed for convenience - they all need to be able to reach the position where the load is to be placed. For example, a crane used in constructing a building needs to be higher than the building itself, and a forklift needs to be able to reach up to the level at which its load will be placed.

Mobile Crane

Lifting machines use the principles of Simple Machines (such as pulleys) to make it easier to raise the loads. They work on the principle of Mechanical Advantage, where a smaller Effort can be used to raise a larger Load. This effort needs to be applied for a greater distance for this to happen. Have fun building your lifting machine! http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/careers/engquest-2008/lifting-machine-mp.cfm

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 10. Construction Engineering Jobs

Assistant Quantity Surveyor / Intermediate Quantity Surveyor Salary: £45,000 per annum Location: London Position Type: Permanent Reference: Totaljobs/DG-12370

Advertiser: Project Resource Ltd - London Date posted: 10/08/2008 09:00 Contact Name: Daniel Gale Job ID: 40222905

Assistant Quantity Surveyor / Intermediate Quantity Surveyor This is a perfect opportunity for an Assistant Quantity Surveyor / Intermediate Quantity Surveyor to join a very well established contractor. Location: West London / London City Remuneration: •

£40,000 - £45,00070 per annum dependant upon experience

•

Company car / Car allowance / Health care / Pension plan

The Role: The successful Assistant Quantity Surveyor / Intermediate Quantity Surveyor will be working on Civils71 projects based in the West London/Middlesex area valued from £10Million - £500Million72. My client is a UK leading contractor which is recognised world wide. Due to planned expansion, my client requires the basic skills of an Assistant Quantity Surveyor / Intermediate Quantity Surveyor to join there team, preferably with civils background. Requirements: •

2 to 5 years Quantity Surveying experience

•

Civils background preferable but not essential

£40,000 - £45,000: approx. 50,235 € - 56,515 € Civils: Civil engineering works; public works. 72 £10Million - £500Million: approx. 12.5Million € - 630Million € 70 71

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

Job description

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Job Reference: DG-12370 For further details please apply Services Advertised by Project Resource Ltd are those of an Agency and / or an employment business.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

http://www.totaljobs.com/JobSeeking/job40222905.html

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An Example of a Traditional Résumé JAMES E. BROWN, JR. 206 Davis Drive Monroe, LA 71201

Home telephone: 8318) 948-7660 JB276@MONROEVM.BITNET EMPLOYMENT OBJECTIVE

Supervising technicians and engineers in an electronics Industry or business with possibility for full management responsibilities.

June 1987 – Sep. 1991

United States Air Force Electronics / Communications • Shift Chief, Long-Haul Transmitter Site. Supervised three technicians in operating 52 transmitters and two microwave systems. • Team Chief, Group Electronics Engineering Installation Agency. Supervised three technicians in installing weather and communications equipment. • Technical Writer. Wrote detailed maintenance procedures for electronic equipment manuals. • Instructor in Electronics Fundamentals. Continuous three-month classes of 10 persons.

Summers and part-time 1991-1995

Manager, Campus Apartments Disc jockey, radio stations KXOA and KXRQ Laboratory Assistant, Broadcast Department Technician for theater productions

EDUCATION B.S. degree in Industrial Management, Louisiana State University, May 1995 SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS • •

NARTE-Certified Electronics Technician. Top Secret Clearance for work in U.S. Department of Defense. COLLEGE ACTIVITIES AND HONORS

Member, Society for the Advancement of Management Professionals. Vice-President, Student Audubon Society. Dean's List Beta Gamma Sigma National Honor Society in Business Administration Associated Student's Service and Leadership Award. Listed in Who's Who in American Colleges and Universities. [PICKETT, N.A. & LASTER, A.A. 1996 (7th ed.) Technical English. Writing, Reading & Speaking. New York: HarperCollins (p. 285)] Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

WORK EXPERIENCE

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

An Example of a Target Résumé ALICE M. RYDEL 3621 Bailey Dirve Big Rapids, MI 49307 (601) 456-2156 JOB TARGET

COMPUTER SERVICES DEPARTMENT MANAGER

CAPABILITIES

• • • • • •

CURSO 2008 - 2009

ACCOMPLISHMENTS

• • • • •

EDUCATION 1994-1996 1990-1994 WORK EXPERIENCE 1994-1996 Part-time

Use Macintosh and IBM computers with ease and efficiency Analyze large amounts of data into organized financial statistics Use Lotus and other spreadsheet programs and train others Use automated accounting system to produce monthly statements Manage workers efficiently and effectively Keep accurate records of large numbers of accounts Supervised daily data input in a 12,00 customer billing department Set up a simple but efficient file system for record keeping Managed a computer lab available to 200 students Devised a plan to schedule students for maximum lab use Handled inventory of computer lab and submitted requests for materials, equipment, and maintenance

JOHN WILLIAMS COMMUNITY COLLEGE AAS Degree-Computer Programming MURRAH HIGH SCHOOL Diploma-College preparatory and basic business courses John Williams Community College Big Rapids, MI Computer Lab Assistant Midwestern Bell Telephone Company Big Rapids, MI Billing Department Night Supervisor

AWARDS

Data Processing Department Award Outstanding First-Year Student in Programming Citation for excellence in keyboarding skills

[PICKETT, N.A. & LASTER, A.A. 1996 (7th ed.) Technical English. Writing, Reading & Speaking. New York: HarperCollins. (p. 283)] Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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An Example of a Skills Résumé THOMAS D. DAVIS tddavis@AOL.COM Ellisville, MA 01047

(521) 363-2371

SUPERVISION:

Directed a crew of 20 machinists. Determined work assignments based on priorities. Found solutions to shop productions problems.

COMMUNICATION:

Orally passed on orders to machinists. Prepared monthly written reports, such as department reports to an immediate supervision and reports on budget variances to budget control. Prepared daily written reports, such as reports on discrepancies in product conformity.

PERSONNEL:

Interviewed and made recommendations for hiring new personnel. conducted performance evaluations and made recommendations for raises and promotions.

BUDGET:

Prepared and monitored the spending of a half-million-dollar department budget.

MACHINE SKILLS:

Can operate all common machine shop tools, such as lathes, milling machines, grinding machines. Can use related measuring tools and gauges.

EMPLOYMENT: 1978-Present

Barron Enterprises, Engineering Division, Nye, MA 01047 Fabrication Superintendent Processing Supervisor

1973-1978

Always Fabrication, Inc., Patterson, IN 47312 Quality Control Checker Parts Inspector Layout and Design Assistant

1971-1973

Bickman Manufacturing Company, Cain, IN 47315 Assembly line worker

1969-1971

U.S. Navy Machinist

EDUCATION:

Cain Community College–A.A., Mechanical Technology

SPECIAL TRAINING:

Indiana Technical Institute • Quality Control with Computers (45 clock hours) • New Materials in Industry (45 clock hours) • Production Planning and Problems (45 clock hours)

[PICKETT, N.A. & LASTER, A.A. 1996 (7th ed.) Technical English. Writing, Reading & Speaking. New York: HarperCollins.(p. 284)] Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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1045 Drake Place

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How to succeed in a job interview - By Ngeow Yoke Meng

Attending A Job Interview To succeed in a job interview, the candidate must convince the interviewer that he or she is more capable than the others shortlisted. Unless the candidate has established personal networks within the company, a job is usually offered based on the assessment of the candidate's performance at the interview. This assessment places great pressure, both mentally and emotionally, on the candidate who needs the job desperately. What do interviewers look for in the right candidate?

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Successful candidates are able to highlight key experiences which show that they can do the job, and will do it better than any of the others being interviewed. They project themselves into the job by asking the right questions, knowing the problems related to that position, and even offering solutions to the problems. Whether you are leaving your present job, or fresh from campus or school, you should always be prepared for the interview by anticipating questions that are likely to be asked. Apart from personal details and qualifications, the interviewer will pose questions that will help him or her find the right candidate. Although these questions may be challenging, they are not meant to trap, find fault with or penalize the candidate. Some examples are: •

What are your career objectives?

•

What courses did you take up, and why?

•

What was it you did particularly well at in school?

•

What is your main area of experience?

•

What are the main responsibilities in your present job?

•

How much time do you spend on each aspect of your job?

•

Which aspect of the job do you like most?

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What are the main problem areas in your job?

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Do you have solutions for these problems?

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Why do you want to leave your present employer?

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If offered this job, what are your expectations of the first year?

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What do you see yourself doing in five years' time?

•

How will you benefit from this job?

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Is there anyone you have difficulty working with?

•

What are your strengths?

•

What are your weaknesses?

•

Why should the company hire you? Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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These are not standard or model questions, but preparing answers for them will build up your confidence before, and while, attending a job interview. Avoid "trial and error" answers, which mark you out as making mistakes in front of your prospective employer. Tactful answers will impress the interviewer and, more importantly, enable you to stand out among the other candidates, thus enhancing your chances of securing the job. What The Interviewer Is Looking For In most interviews, knowing what the interviewer is looking for means you have won half of the battle. The other half of the battle: be prepared to show your knowledge about the organization, ask tactful questions about the job, and give a good impression that you can do better than others, if you are offered the job. The interviewer has two methods of judging your suitability for the job. First, by questioning you and evaluating the things about you and your experience, based on what you tell him. If you have obviously planned your interview well, for example by showing that you are knowledgeable about the organization, the interviewer will assume that you are also capable of planning and making a good job of your tasks. The converse is also true - a bad performance at the interview could mean an unsatisfactory performance at the job. If you have the experience and ability to do the job, make sure that you do not let your interview performance let you down. Since in most cases, the interviewer has no prior knowledge of the candidates except their letter of application, the first impression you give is extremely important. If you are of average intelligence or have few qualifications, do not despair. The most important factor is your actual achievements and the positive way in which you put these over to the interviewer. Here are five areas that help the interviewer select the right person for the right job: intelligence, qualification, adjustment, impact on others, motivation and achievements. Intelligence means your cognitive powers to take in and interpret information. You should be quick in understanding all questions posed by the interviewer, and providing simple and concise answers to them. Nevertheless, a person who is too intelligent, by giving complicated answers to simple questions, may give an impression that he is a thinker not a doer. Qualifications are necessary for certain professional jobs. So make sure you possess the formal qualifications required or the experience needed when Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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Second, by observing person-to-person how you handle the interview.

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applying for that particular position. It is important to show your knowledge and interest of the relevant professional institution in your field of work, as this will also reflect your enthusiasm towards the profession. Adjustments mean adaptation to life in general, and work in particular. The interviewer would like to know whether you have a good capacity to withstand stress, whether you are always in control even in the most unfavourable situations, whether you are emotionally stable, and whether you can do things on your own initiative. Most important of all, your friendly or hostile relationship with the people around you. Impact on others means anything from the use of simple language, the way you speak, the way you dress, to your physical appearance throughout the interview. If you can talk from your own personal experience using real life situations, make sense of things happen around you, think in terms of things and not people, you are more likely to give an impression of a mature person and a problem-solver much in demand by any employer.

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Motivation and achievement are two important indicators of your general attitudes toward work and career. Assessment will be based on the following: •

Can you motivate yourself and work on your own initiative?

•

Do you set yourself goals and achievements?

•

Can you get things done even when faced with difficulties?

•

Are you a dreamer or an action-driven person?

•

Have you long-term career objectives?

•

Have you reached the level one would expect for your age or qualifications?

•

Which kind of work or activity has given you the most satisfaction?

•

Are you a person who can deliver on time and meet deadlines?

•

Do you present your boss with problems or solutions?

•

Do you have the initiative to finish work?

•

Do you pay attention to detail?

•

Do you perform well when the going gets tough?

•

Are you good at problem solving?

The interviewer will not ask the above questions directly as the answers should come from what you have accomplished, not what you plan to do in future. The interviewer will skillfully find out the answers by asking what you have been involved in, your interests, your strengths, your weaknesses, the challenges in your pursuit of knowledge or previous work, your perception of yourself, your dreams and objectives in life. If you are honest with yourself in the interview, you can avoid being worried about inconsistency in your answers. Never mind if the first impression you give is imperfect to the interviewer. The worst thing that could happen is when you Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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lie about yourself, and have the interviewer sense it before the end of the interview session. http://mcleon.tripod.com/intervw.htm

Ten Tough Interview Questions and Ten Great Answers Mental fear of the unknown is often what produces the physical symptoms of nervousness. In addition to preparing yourself physically, you need to prepare yourself mentally. The best way to prepare mentally is to know what may be coming. Fear of the unknown can only exist when there is an unknown. Take the time to understand some of the “standards” when it comes to interviewing questions.

Others are classic interview questions, such as “What is your greatest weakness?” Questions most people answer improperly. In this case, the standard textbook answer for the “greatest weakness” question is to provide a veiled positive such as: “I work too much. I just work and work and work.” Wrong. Either you are lying or, worse yet, you are telling the truth, in which case you define working too much as a weakness and really do not want to work much at all. The following answers are provided to give you a new perspective on how to answer tough interview questions. They are not there for you to lift from the page and insert into your next interview. They are provided for you to use as the basic structure for formulating your own answers. While the specifics of each reply may not apply to you, try to follow the basic structure of the answer from the perspective of the interviewer. Answer the questions behaviorally, with specific examples that show that clear evidence backs up what you are saying about yourself. Always provide information that shows you want to become the very best _____ for the company and that you have specifically prepared yourself to become exactly that. They want to be sold. They are waiting to be sold. Don’t disappoint them! 1. Tell me about yourself. It seems like an easy interview question. It’s open ended. I can talk about whatever I want from the birth canal forward. Right? Wrong. What the hiring manager really wants is a quick, two- to three-minute snapshot of who you are and why you’re the best candidate for this position. So as you answer this question, talk about what you’ve done to prepare yourself to be the very best candidate for the position. Use an example or Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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The following are some of the most difficult questions you will face in the course of your job interviews. Some questions may seem rather simple on the surface—such as “Tell me about yourself”—but these questions can have a variety of answers. The more open ended the question, the wider the variation in the answers. Once you have become practiced in your interviewing skills, you will find that you can use almost any question as a launching pad for a particular topic or compelling story.

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two to back it up. Then ask if they would like more details. If they do, keep giving them example after example of your background and experience. Always point back to an example when you have the opportunity. “Tell me about yourself” does not mean tell me everything. Just tell me what makes you the best. 2. Why should I hire you? The easy answer is that you are the best person for the job. And don’t be afraid to say so. But then back it up with what specifically differentiates you. For example: “You should hire me because I’m the best person for the job. I realize that there are likely other candidates who also have the ability to do this job. Yet I bring an additional quality that makes me the best person for the job--my passion for excellence. I am passionately committed to producing truly world class results. For example . . .” Are you the best person for the job? Show it by your passionate examples. 3. What is your long-range objective?

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Make my job easy for me. Make me want to hire you. The key is to focus on your achievable objectives and what you are doing to reach those objectives. For example: “Within five years, I would like to become the very best accountant your company has on staff. I want to work toward becoming the expert that others rely upon. And in doing so, I feel I’ll be fully prepared to take on any greater responsibilities which might be presented in the long term. For example, here is what I’m presently doing to prepare myself . . .” Then go on to show by your examples what you are doing to reach your goals and objectives. 4. How has your education prepared you for your career? This is a broad question and you need to focus on the behavioral examples in your educational background which specifically align to the required competencies for the career. An example: “My education has focused on not only the learning the fundamentals, but also on the practical application of the information learned within those classes. For example, I played a lead role in a class project where we gathered and analyzed best practice data from this industry. Let me tell you more about the results . . .” Focus on behavioral examples supporting the key competencies for the career. Then ask if they would like to hear more examples. 5. Are you a team player? Almost everyone says yes to this question. But it is not just a yes/no question. You need to provide behavioral examples to back up your answer.

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A sample answer: “Yes, I’m very much a team player. In fact, I’ve had opportunities in my work, school and athletics to develop my skills as a team player. For example, on a recent project . . .” Emphasize teamwork behavioral examples and focus on your openness to diversity of backgrounds. Talk about the strength of the team above the individual. And note that this question may be used as a lead in to questions around how you handle conflict within a team, so be prepared. 6. Have you ever had a conflict with a boss or professor? How was it resolved? Note that if you say no, most interviewers will keep drilling deeper to find a conflict. The key is how you behaviorally reacted to conflict and what you did to resolve it.

Focus your answer on the behavioral process for resolving the conflict and working collaboratively. 7. What is your greatest weakness? Most career books tell you to select a strength and present it as a weakness. Such as: “I work too much. I just work and work and work.” Wrong. First of all, using a strength and presenting it as a weakness is deceiving. Second, it misses the point of the question. You should select a weakness that you have been actively working to overcome. For example: “I have had trouble in the past with planning and prioritization. However, I’m now taking steps to correct this. I just started using a pocket planner . . .” then show them your planner and how you are using it. Talk about a true weakness and show what you are doing to overcome it. 8. If I were to ask your professors to describe you, what would they say? This is a threat of reference check question. Do not wait for the interview to know the answer. Ask any prior bosses or professors in advance. And if they’re willing to provide a positive reference, ask them for a letter of recommendation. Then you can answer the question like this: “I believe she would say I'm a very energetic person, that I’m results oriented and one of the best people she has ever worked with. Actually, I know she would say that, because those are her very words. May I show you her letter of recommendation?” So be prepared in advance with your letters of recommendation. 9. What qualities do you feel a successful manager should have? Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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For example: “Yes, I have had conflicts in the past. Never major ones, but there have been disagreements that needed to be resolved. I've found that when conflict occurs, it helps to fully understand the other person’s perspective, so I take time to listen to their point of view, then I seek to work out a collaborative solution. For example . . .”

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Focus on two words: leadership and vision. Here is a sample of how to respond: “The key quality in a successful manager should be leadership--the ability to be the visionary for the people who are working under them. The person who can set the course and direction for subordinates. The highest calling of a true leader is inspiring others to reach the highest of their abilities. I'd like to tell you about a person whom I consider to be a true leader . . .” Then give an example of someone who has touched your life and how their impact has helped in your personal development. 10. If you had to live your life over again, what one thing would you change?

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Focus on a key turning point in your life or missed opportunity. Yet also tie it forward to what you are doing to still seek to make that change. For example: “Although I’m overall very happy with where I’m at in my life, the one aspect I likely would have changed would be focusing earlier on my chosen career. I had a great internship this past year and look forward to more experience in the field. I simply wish I would have focused here earlier. For example, I learned on my recent internship…” …then provide examples. Stay focused on positive direction in your life and back it up with examples. In reviewing these responses, please remember that they are only to be viewed as samples. Please do not rehearse them verbatim or adopt them as your own. They are meant to stir your creative juices and get you thinking about how to properly answer the broader range of questions that you will face. http://www.collegegrad.com/jobsearch/mastering-the-interview/ten-tough-interview-questionsand-ten-great-answers/

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Unit 11. Information Five Grammatical Errors That Make You Look Dumb by Brian Clark

One thing that blogging and good copywriting share is a conversational style, and that means it’s fine to fracture the occasional rule of proper grammar in order to communicate effectively. Both bloggers and copywriters routinely end sentences with prepositions, dangle a modifier in a purely technical sense, or make liberal use of the ellipsis when an EM dash is the correct choice—all in order to write in the way people actually speak. But there are other mistakes that can detract from your credibility. While we all hope that what we have to say is more important than some silly grammatical error, the truth is that some people will not subscribe or link to your blog if you make dumb mistakes when you write, and buying from you will be out of the question. 1. Your vs. You’re This one drives me insane, and it’s become extremely common among bloggers. All it takes to avoid this error is to take a second and think about what you’re trying to say. “Your” is a possessive pronoun, as in “your car” or “your blog.” “You’re” is a contraction for “you are,” as in “you’re screwing up your writing by using your when you really mean you are.” 2. It’s vs. Its This is another common mistake. It’s also easily avoided by thinking through what you’re trying to say. “It’s” is a contraction of “it is” or “it has.” “Its” is a possessive pronoun, as in “this blog has lost its mojo.” Here’s an easy rule of thumb—repeat your sentence out loud using “it is” instead. If that sounds goofy, “its” is likely the correct choice. 3. There vs. Their This one seems to trip up everyone occasionally, often as a pure typo. Make sure to watch for it when you proofread. “There” is used many ways, including as a reference to a place (“let’s go there”) or as a pronoun (“there is no hope”). “Their” is a plural possessive pronoun, as in “their bags” or “their opinions.” Always do the “that’s ours!” test—are you talking about more than one person and something that they possess? If so, “their” will get you there. 4. Affect vs. Effect

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Here are five mistakes to avoid when blogging and writing web copy.

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To this day I have to pause and mentally sort this one out in order to get it right. As with any of the other common mistakes people make when writing, it’s taking that moment to get it right that makes the difference. “Affect” is a verb, as in “Your ability to communicate clearly will affect your income immensely.” “Effect” is a noun, as in “The effect of a parent’s low income on a child’s future is well documented.” By thinking in terms of “the effect,” you can usually sort out which is which, because you can’t stick a “the” in front of a verb. While some people do use “effect” as a verb (“a strategy to effect a settlement”), they are usually lawyers, and you should therefore ignore them if you want to write like a human. 5. The Dangling Participle The dangling participle may be the most egregious of the most common writing mistakes. Not only will this error damage the flow of your writing, it can also make it impossible for someone to understand what you’re trying to say.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Check out these two examples from Tom Sant’s book Persuasive Business Proposals: After rotting in the cellar for weeks, my brother brought up some oranges. Uhh… keep your decomposing brother away from me! Featuring plug-in circuit boards, we can strongly endorse this server’s flexibility and growth potential. Hmmm… robotic copy written by people embedded with circuit boards. Makes sense. The problem with both of the above is that the participial phrase that begins the sentence is not intended to modify what follows next in the sentence. However, readers mentally expect it to work that way, so your opening phrase should always modify what immediately follows. If it doesn’t, you’ve left the participle dangling, as well as your readers. P.S. You may find it amusing to know that I, like David Ogilvy, have never learned the formal rules of grammar. I learned to write by reading obsessively at an early age, but when it came time to learn the “rules,” I tuned out. If you show me an incorrect sentence, I can fix it, but if I need to know the technical reason why it was wrong in the first place, I go ask my wife. [http://www.copyblogger.com/5-common-mistakes-that-make-you-look-dumb/]

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Unit 12. The Future of Engineering Engineer's degree An engineer's degree is a graduate academic degree intermediate in rank between a master's degree and a doctoral degree in the United States. In Europe, it can be an approximately five-year degree roughly equivalent to a master's degree. Contents 1. The Engineer's degree in the United Kingdom 2. The Engineer's degree in the United States 2.1. Common abbreviations of engineering disciplines (U.S. and Canada) 3. Engineer's degrees in Canada 4. Engineer's degrees in Europe

The Engineer's degree in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom the highest award for non-postgraduate studies in engineering is the Master of Engineering (M.Eng). In England, this is a four-year course or a 'sandwich' five-year course (with one year spent working in industry). In Scotland, it is a five year course. The Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng) is usually a three year course (four in Scotland), or can also include a year in industry. Many universities offer the B.Eng, and may then allow a transfer onto the M.Eng. The Engineering Council Graduate Diploma is set at the same level as the final year of a British BEng and its Postgraduate Diploma is set at the same level as the final year of a British M.Eng. The Graduateship in engineering, awarded by the C&G of London Institute (Institution recognized by Royal Charter n.117 year 1900), is mapped to a British Honours degree. Engineers who have been awarded a B.Eng and have appropriate training and experience in the work place are able to apply to become an Incorporated Engineer (I.Eng). If an engineer has studied beyond the B.Eng in some way or has an M.Eng, they may apply to become a Chartered Engineer (C.Eng), once they have completed the required amount of work-based training and experience. Chartered Engineer and Incorporated Engineer titles awarded by the Engineering Council UK,are equivalent to North American Professional Engineer designations, but with often a far greater geographical recognition. MIET-Member of the Institution of Engineering and Technology is recognised as practitioner of engineering profession by virtue of the Statutory Instruments Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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4.1. Individual country variants before Bologna

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n.2007/2781-The European Communities Qualifications) Regulation 2007

(Recognition

Professional

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The Engineer's degree in the United States In the United States, the bachelor's degree is the standard undergraduate degree awarded to engineering students and is generally the only degree required for licensure (that is, it is the first professional degree in the field). For graduate students, the master's degree is by far the most common route, which may be followed by the doctorate. The Degree of Engineer or Engineer's Degree is the least commonly obtained advanced degree in engineering. It is usually preceded by a master's degree and is not a prerequisite to a doctoral degree. It serves as a terminal degree for practicing engineers. The availability of degrees and the specific requirements differ considerably between institutions and between specialties within an institution. Officially, both undergraduate programs and graduate programs at the master's-level may receive ABET73-accreditation, but ABET will only accredit a bachelor's or a master's degree at a given institution (not both). In practice, although undergraduate accreditation is common, master's-level accreditation is rare unless an undergraduate program is not available (for example, the Naval Postgraduate School). In many other fields, the master's degree would naturally be followed by a traditional research doctorate (Ph.D.). But in this case, the engineer's degree provides an alternative that has been tailored for professionals rather than academicians. Some schools, Stanford and Caltech for example, require a thesis. But, the requirements are generally less than those of Ph.D. candidates and more comparable to those of most Master of Science students. Others, like Santa Clara University, do not have a specific research requirement. For this reason, many consider an engineer's degree to be on a level between a master's degree and a doctorate. Nonetheless, it is in fact a terminal degree, much like the Ed.S. degree in education. In the past, it was not uncommon for a would-be engineer to earn an engineer's degree as their first and only college degree. But since World War II this has fallen out of favor, and it becomes continually more difficult to find a school that offers this option. Note: A degree with some form of the word "engineer(ing)" in the title is not necessarily an engineer's degree in this sense. Particularly, a "Master of Engineering" (M.Eng.) or "Engineering Doctorate" (Eng. D) degree is not an Engineer's degree, nor is any other bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree. Rather, the engineer's degree is in a category of its own. For example, a student with a B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering might next earn the degree Electrical Engineer. The person would then have a B.S. in E.E., a M.S. in E.E., and an E.E. degree. The former two are degrees in engineering, and only the latter degree is actually an Engineer's degree. ABET, Inc., formerly the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, is a non-profit organization that serves the public by accrediting United States postsecondary degree programs in applied science, computing, engineering, and technology. Accreditation is intended to certify the quality of these programs. There are over 2,800 programs accredited at over 600 colleges and universities in the U.S. (http://en.wikipedia.org) 73

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Common abbreviations of engineering disciplines (U.S. and Canada)

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Agricultural Engineer - Ag. E. or A.E. Biomedical Engineer - B.M.E. Chemical Engineer - Ch. E. or Chem. E. Petroleum Engineer - P.E. Building Engineer - B.E. Ceramic Engineer - Cer. E. Civil Engineer - C.E. Clinical Engineer - C.E. Computer Engineer - Cp. E. Electrical Engineer - E.E. Electronics Engineer - Ec. E Industrial Engineer - I.E. Structural Engineer - S.E Software Engineer - S.E. or S.W.E. Engineer in Aeronautics and Astronautics - E.A.A. Engineer in Computer Science - E.C.S. Engineer in Mechanics - E.M. Environmental Engineer - Env. E. General Engineer - G.E. Geological Engineer - G.E. Materials Engineer - Mat. E. Mechanical Engineer - Mech. E. or M.E. Mechatronic Engineer - M.T.E. Metallurgical Engineer - Met. E. Mining Engineer - Min. E Naval Engineer - Nav. E. Nuclear Engineer - Nucl. E. Ocean Engineer - Ocean. E. Systems Engineer - Sys. E.

Engineer's degrees in Canada Engineering is a professional degree in Canada, and is regulated provincially, by organizations such as the PEO (Professional Engineers Ontario). The requirements to be a Professional Engineer (P.Eng, or ing. in Quebec) include being a citizen or permanent resident of Canada, having reached the age of majority, passing the professional practice examination, satisfying work experience requirements and being of good character, as confirmed by references. Accreditation is evaluated by the Canadian Engineering Professional Engineer (P.E.) is the term for registered or licensed engineers in some countries who are permitted to offer their professional services directly to the public. (http://en.wikipedia.org)

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An abbreviation of the discipline is often used to represent an engineer's degree where one might typically use M.S. or Ph.D. Several are potentially ambiguous, especially P.E.74

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Accreditation Board, a standing committee of the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers. It is usually four years, or five years with co-operative of internship experience.

Engineer's degrees in Europe In most countries of continental Europe, universities specializing in technical studies have awarded their students an engineer's degree instead of a master's degree. The typical length of studies for an engineer's degree has been five years.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Following the introduction of the Bologna process, it has instead become increasingly common for the universities to split technical studies into two parts, the first being the one after which they award the bachelor's degree (baccalaureus, typically three years), and the second part being an optional two years, upon the successful completion of which they award either the engineer's degree or a master's degree (MEng or MSc). Countries have varied in the implementation of the Bologna process. Most traditional universities continue to have a primary academic degree program distinct from the program to obtain the Bachelor of Engineering degree. For example, in Finland the two concepts — academic and vocational engineering degree — remain separate, even if the qualification no longer requires one or the other de jure. A German-style engineer's degree is considered equivalent to an MSc degree in U.S. or UK and in international context, the holders of the Engineer's degree are authorized to use MSc. However, there has been some debate over whether the Engineers should differentiate themselves from a Master of Science, this degree having become victim of inflation lately. Because the European high school curriculum covers the topics of the typical U.S. freshman year, the five-year-long engineer's degree may legitimately be considered the complete equivalent of the U.S. degree. This case moreover, is supported by the fact that in some parts of Europe, only the most academically able are able to finish their engineering degrees in the time officially prescribed, and the fact that many European states have a rather longer academic year than in the United States. European institutions in some states argue that a suggestion that American degrees are superior on grounds of their apparent length is unfounded, given these observations. As a final observation, note as an example that the Delft University of Technology does not accept the US secondary school qualification as sufficient for entry. In France, engineering is taught in Ecoles d'Ingénieurs, which are part of the French Grandes écoles system. Since the Bologna process, the Diplôme d'Ingénieur is officially considered to be at the level of a European master's degree. Individual country variants before Bologna

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In countries with significant German influence on higher education, the engineer's degree was one attained as a Diplom, and was typically awarded after around five years of study. In addition to Germany itself, this has included states like Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Macedonia, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine.

The German University of Applied Sciences (in Germany also called Fachhochschulen) awarded the traditional engineering degree Diplom-Ingenieur (FH) (abbr. Dipl.-Ing (FH)). This degree also required to write a Diplom thesis. This is also being modified by the Bologna process, as bachelor and master degrees from a University of Applied Sciences are equal to the degrees from a traditional university. Universities of Applied Sciences are phased out and they are changed to universities with own faculties and research institutes. These universities are strongly focused on fields like computer science, engineering or business schools. Subjects like Law or Human Medicine etc. which requires a Staatsexamen (state exam) can only studied on the traditional universities. Since 2005, most Universities in Germany offer Bachelor degree programmes (B.Sc., B.Eng. and others) and Master programmes that lead to the academic degree Master of Science, Master of Engineering, Master of Business Administration and others. Because of the Bologna process the engineering degrees Dipl.-Ing.(FH), Dipl.-Ing., Dipl.-Inf is phased out by Master and Bachelor degrees. For example, most companies who searched for an experienced Diploma Engineer in Germany will search in future for a M.Eng., M.Sc., B.Sc., B.Eng. The German style Diploma Engineer is the same as the Master of Engineering in the U.S. In Finnish, the engineer's degree is called diplomi-insinööri (abbr. DI), and is obtained after six years of studying. Under the Bologna process, this is split into two parts, the first being one where the students are awarded the intermediate tekniikan kandidaatti degree. In Finland, the degree B.Eng (insinööri (AMK)) is a professional degree from a Finnish University of Applied Sciences (aka ammattikorkeakoulu) In the western Slavic-speaking countries, the engineer's degree is called inżynier (Polish), inžinier (Slovak) or inženýr (Czech), the abbreviation is Ir. (inż. in Poland, Ing. in the Czech Republic and Slovakia) and is written before the person's name. In Poland, the degree of inżynier is available after 3, 3.5 or 4 years of studies (like licencjat in non-engineering science) after final thesis completed (rather easier subjects taken than for MSc.). A magister inżynier (abbr. mgr inż. placed

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

In German, the traditional engineer's degree is called Diplom-Ingenieur (abbr. Dipl.-Ing.) . This degree is generally equivalent to a Master's degree, which is not to be confused with the old Magister degree. Most programs that used to lead to a Dipl.-Ing. degree lead to Master's degrees today, as the DiplomIngenieur as an academical title is phased out because of the Bologna process.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

before the name of degree holder) refers to MSc. and engineer together, and is available after 5-years study and final thesis completed. In Belgium, the degree is Burgerlijk Ingenieur or Ingénieur Civil (abbrev. Ir.). Belgium is particularly noteworthy as having a system under which demands made on students of engineering are particularly severe. In Portugal, the degree is Engenheiro (abbrev. Eng.), and in Spain it is called Ingeniero (Ing). In Greece, the degree is Διπλωματούχος Μηχανικός (diplomatouhos mihanikos) and the abbreviation is Διπλ.-Μηχ..

CURSO 2008 - 2009

In the Netherlands, somebody holding an engineer's degree is an ingenieur. The abbreviation is ing. for en engineer's degree at "hoger beroeps onderwijs" or higher vocational education level and ir. for an engineer's degree at the "Wetenschappelijk onderwijs" or scientific education level. Under the Bologna agreement these are being replaced by English-language abbreviations (B.Sc, BBE, M.Sc, etc.), however it should be noted that Dutch (WO) engineering qualifications are extremely demanding and are rarely for example completed in the nominal time. Note further, that an ing. engineer having completed a 4 year HBO or HTS Higher technical school college course, may enter a nominally 5 year ir. (internationally 3+2 year B.Sc+M.Sc) course at the start of its 4th (1st M.Sc) year, only on completion of a demanding 1 year "schakelprogramma" or crossover programme. In Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the degree is Civilingeniør / Sivilingeniør / Civilingenjör (regardless of the actual specialty and thus not to be confused with the English civil engineer). This retains the 19th century idea that the "actual" engineers were the military ones. In Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine, the degree is специалист инженер (specialist inzhenyer), a first degree after 5 years of study. In France, the degree is Diplôme d'Ingénieur, while the title is Ingénieur diplômé (ID) but is never used before the holder's name. The degree can be obtained after five years of engineering studies after the Baccalauréat. In Italy until 2001 there were two degrees: 3 years long "diploma in ingegneria" (BEng level, title abbrev. "dipl. ing.") and 5 years long "laurea in ingegneria" (MEng level, title abbrev. "ing."). Since 2001 reform, the bachelor level is called "laurea" (abbrev. "L") and master degree level is called "laurea specialistica" or "laurea magistrale" (abbrev. "LS"). Accordingly, today after 3 years of engineering studies can be obtained the degree called "laurea in ingegneria" (BEng level) and the title of "Ingegnere junior" (abbrev. "ing. jr."). After five years of engineering studies can be obtained the degree called "laurea magistrale in ingegneria" (MEng level) and the title of "Ingegnere" (abbrev. "ing."). Romania follows the French system and the engineering degree is called "Diploma de inginer", this being a 5 year degree course equivalent to a Master's degree (MSc/M.Eng). The five year course concludes with a comprehensive set of specialising exams ("examen de diploma"). Marks 9 or 10 are considered Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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exceptional. Some universities award a so called "Diploma de Sub-inginer" which is a 3 year course equivalent to a B.Eng degree. The situation in Spain is very similar to French one but for the non-existence of Grandes Écoles. Engineer's degrees traditionally used to be (at least nominally) six-year programs but the tendency since the mid 90s has been to reduce them to five years. The last step to get the degree is the Proyecto de Fin de Carrera (Degree Project), which involves a combination of application development and some research work. Students submit a dissertation that they have to defend.

In Croatia, the old system included the engineer's degrees diplomirani inženjer (abbr. dipl.ing.) which was awarded by university faculties, and a lower ranked engineer's degrees inženjer (abbr. ing.) which was awarded by polytechnics, in a similar vein to the situation in the Netherlands. The old dipl.ing. degree could later be upgraded to a magistar (abbr. mr., Magister degree) and then a doktor (abbr. dr., Doctorate). The situation was the same in other countries previously part of Yugoslavia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineer%27s_degree

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

The Spanish official name for the degree is Ingeniero (Engineer) but it is also frequently mentioned as Ingeniero Superior (Higher Engineer) in order to distinguish it from the Ingeniero Técnico (Technical Engineer) degree, which is a three-year degree (involving also a Degree Project) roughly equivalent to a Bachelor of Engineering. A distinctive characteristic of Spanish engineering degrees is that the average duration of studies up to graduation is about 40% above the nominal duration and that the drop-out rate is considerable.

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 13. Oral Presentations (I) How to avoid embarrassing75 people with uncouth76 questions: The Top Ten By DA Ever been kicked under a table by your dinner date? You probably, in the interest of getting acquainted, asked someone an uncouth question. Stepped on a social landmine. Every one of these questions is rather personal, and risks raising a sore subject. Save these for when you become very well acquainted, if then.

Things You’ll Need: A sense of empathy Step1. Avoid “You don’t remember me, do you?” The person meant no offence surely – instead, reintroduce yourself, saying “We met before, at the….”

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Step2. Never ask, “When are you gonna have kids?” The last time I saw someone ask this at a party, the woman's eyes welled up with tears, and the husband snarled, "we've been trying for six years." It is a very personal and often sore subject. Step3. Never mind what her midsection looks like - never ask a woman “Are you pregnant?” or “When are you due?” Suppose she isn’t? Step 4. “How old are you?” It’s only OK if you are very well acquainted. Suppose that person is not keeping well, or coming up on a dreaded birthday? Step 5. Never mind “How much did that cost?” Could be car, suit, ring, watch. Step 6. A close cousin to "how much did that cost" is “Who gave you that (car, ring, etc.)?” Particularly to women – a successful woman can afford her own possessions. Step 7. “What did your (spouse) give you for (your birthday, Christmas, etc.)?” Suppose it was a vacuum cleaner, and they fought for days over it? Step 8. “How much do you get paid?” If you’re asked this question, the right answer is “twice as much as you.” Step 9. “How do you two know each other?”

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Embarrassing: to make someone feel uncomfortable. Uncouth: rude, not very wise. Uneasy remarks. Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España) Tel.: +34 922 317 619 – Fax: +34 922 317 611 – webpages.ull.es/users/filina – filina@ull.es

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Seems innocent enough, but suppose they met in group therapy? Or “on-line” and they feel a little foolish about it? Best to leave this alone. Step 10. “Where do I know you from?” Seems innocent too, but suppose you saw him on the news because he’s on trial for something? If it's someone of the opposite sex, is it someone you went on one date with two years ago and never phoned and have since forgot?

CURSO 2008 - 2009

http://www.ehow.com/how_2091193_people-uncouth-questions-top-ten.html

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150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

Unit 14. MODELO DE EXAMEN77 Apellidos NIF/NIE:

Lectura

Nombre Correo Electrónico

Vocabulario

Redacción

Media

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS – SEPTIEMBRE 2007 READING COMPREHENSION TEST (30 min) Read this text about the process of designing / building a new home and, then, chose the answer you think it suits best.

The Building Firm: design/build An idea whose time has come, the design/build concept has made an important place for itself in this industry. At the same time, there are two caveats78 to this gradual evolution: First, architects, independent or otherwise, are still a highly trained and invaluable resource to the remodelling industry; and second, poor design inevitably results in poor project results.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

At its best, the integrated process of design, pricing and construction is efficient and rewarding – saving both time and money. Qualified architects and designers working in tandem with experienced project managers and crews have an excellent opportunity to provide you with a finished project that responds to your needs and desires, and has been developed with your financial investment in mind. Here is a brief summary of the process: Your Idea: You are finally ready (as an example) to replace your 30 year-old Kitchen and expand your Den into a bright, inviting Family Room. Logically, you contact The Building Firm. 1st Meeting: A representative of TBF [The Building Firm] will offer to meet you at your home to discuss the feasibility of your project based on existing construction, site and zoning conditions, possible costs and other important variables, which may affect your plans. Design Proposal: TBF will promptly prepare a Design Proposal, which explains the design process and outlines the potential cost of the process so that you can budget your investment appropriately. Preliminary Design: Once the Design Proposal has been accepted, will initiate the preliminary design process, including zoning research, site measurements, photographic records, as-built drawings, and initial concept (schematic) drawings. Design Review: Now it is time to review the initial drawings and to make revisions to them according to what you feel does and doesn’t work for your needs. Remodelling is classically a case of give-and-takes to achieve goals, and this is the time in the design process to decide what the final priorities are – what goes and what stays. Your input is every bit as valuable as our expertise.

The length of the text and the type of reading comprehension questions of the “Reading Text Section” may vary from one exam to the next. Lecturers may also consider including, occasionally, other sections, such as, e.g., a “Practical Grammar Section”, with a battery of grammar exercises. Unless otherwise stated, the entire exam is to be completed in English. 78 Caveats: warnings 77

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Preliminary Pricing: Now that there is a pretty good idea of what the spaces will look like and how they will be used, we like to pause long enough to work out some preliminary pricing before plunging into construction drawings (also known as CD’s). We have previously discussed the potential investment with you, but now we have something more tangible with which to establish costs. We use this exercise to make mid-course corrections in design (and you may also decide to make some adjustments to your investment) so that we can move forward. Final Design and Specifications: With the design and financial investment in alignment, the final stages of the design process can take place: The CD’s can be prepared for permitting and construction purposes, and you can participate in selections of the products that will go into the project – windows, cabinetry, appliances etc. The final Specifications for the project are written and all the documents are reviewed for accuracy. Contract and Pre-construction: With all documents prepared, it is time to execute the Contract Agreement. A pre-construction conference is scheduled to carefully review all the procedures to ensure a professionally managed project (where to place a dumpster; security and safety issues; how not to let the dog run free; etc.) This sets the permitting process in motion as well as final scheduling of all resources required for a successful project.

1. According to the text, “Den”, could refer to: a. A conservatory b. A lair c. A larder d. A room 2. The feasibility of the project, refers to a. The level of difficulty b. The overall costs c. The level of viability d. The site conditions 3. TBF will promptly prepare a Design Proposal, ... so that you can budget... a. TBF will help us to calculate the costs of the works b. TBF will immediately charge the works c. TBF will get little money from the works d. TBF will tell us whether we can pay for the works 4. The expression “As-built drawings”, may be rendered into Spanish as: a. «Planos conforme a obra» b. «Planos de la obra terminada» c. «Planos para la obra» d. «Planos según la construcción» 5. At the final design and specifications stage, a. A garbage and debris collection container (dumpster) is hired b. CD’s, DVD’s and other personal stereo appliances may be placed. c. Customers and contractors go through every detail of the works d. Customers have the opportunity to discuss security and safety issues Campus de Guajara, s/n – 38071 La Laguna – Tenerife (España)

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CURSO 2008 - 2009

[http://www.thebuildingfirm.com/process/design.shtml]

150240207 IDIOMA MODERNO FASE A) INGLÉS

VOCABULARY TEST (50 min) Give the Spanish equivalents of the following computer terms, and a BRIEF definition in English. E.g.: Lobby [Vestíbulo] a large entrance or reception room or area

ENGLISH

SPANISH

DEFINITION

Beam

Concrete mixer

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Floor plan

Foyer

Hard hat

Level

Scaffold

Surveyor

Vault

Wheelbarrow

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WRITING TEST (40 min) Write a description of your ideal home [150-200 words]. Your description should take the following form: 1. Introduction: give details of your preferences (location, facilities, and price). 2. Outline the advantages for your family. 3. Outline the advantages of the site and house. 4. Mention the financial costs and benefits. 5. Make conclusions and recommendations.

CURSO 2008 - 2009

Key Words:

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