Adobe InDesign Submission - Maison Margiela Sofia Carolina Virensjรถ Miguel BA Fashion Marketing & Communication, Level 5, 2019-2020 5FAMK003C Visual and Video Techniques CWK1 Nicolas Godon Word count: 2200
Table of Contents 4-5 6-7 8-9 10-11 12-13 14 15 16-17 18-19 20-39
Corporate Prof ile Market Position - Competitors Current Situation - Solution Communication Background Message Target Market Goals Inspiration Things to Avoid Editorial Brief Photographer Stylist Makeup Artist - Hair Model Casting Preparation Time Schedule Art & Model Direction Processing - Retouching Page Layout “24� 40-47 Lookbook 48-50 Minisite References
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Maison Margiela seeks to direct the focus towards the clothes itself. In fashion show, models are usually shown with their faces obscured or completely covered; the Maison’s labels are typically completely white with 4 white tacks, just the 4 white tacks, or a white label with numbers on it having 1 of them circled as a reference code. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Corporate Profile Maison Margiela (previously Maison Martin Margiela) is a French fashion house founded by Belgian designer Martin Margiela in 1988. John Galliano is the current Creative Director. It celebrates unconventional aesthetics and embraces the philosophy that fashion is an artistic expression rather than a cult for personality. Maison Margiela designs Haute Couture, women’s and men’s ready-to-wear, bags, shoes, small leather goods, jewelry, fragrances, interior design objects and a contemporary line MM6. (OTB, no date) They are known for their signature store design and unique customer experience. Whilst developing his own vision for the house, John Galliano has entirely respected the Martin Margiela state of mind, creating a fascinating organic process. (BoF, no date)
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Market Position Maison Margiela is known for deconstructive and avant-garde designs with unconventional materials. The Maison is perceived as a discrete but renown luxury name. This has been one of the key reasons for its success in the fashion world. With consumer focused actions such as the brand’s fashions shows and their commitment to the philosophy of the brand, Margiela has a pretty clear space in the industry.
Competitors Maison Margiela’s competitors are focused on the aesthetics a lot more than other brands. They focus a lot more on the consumers rather than on the garments. They have a unique style or certain defining products that differentiate them amongst every other brand. The main difference is that it is still easy to identify Maison Margiela because of its commitment to the brand’s essence compared to the majority of their competitors which have modified their brand and collections according to the trends and what a wider range of the market desires.
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Comme des Garรงons
Rick Owens
Helmut Lang
Balenciaga
VETEMENTS
Sacai 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Current Situation
“Many say that fashion has a short memory as it is obsessed by actuality and novelty… Today, I am happy to notice again a growing interest for creativity in fashion, by some upcoming designers” (Margiela, 2018) The brand’s essence has been kept, with Galliano following Margiela’s steps towards anonymity and surprise. The brand continues to design “unfinished-looking” garments as well as maintaining focus on the clothes rather than the brand or the designer. Even though every collection is different, and they keep coming up with very different clothes than their competitors, it has certainly become quite a repetitive style. Something that the majority of the luxury consumers look for is trendy items which show (as much as possible) which brand it is from in order to gain status.
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Solution It would make sense to create something different for the brand’s following collection, which not only keeps a certain part of the essence but also incorporates trends. Seeing how logo-mania is currently one of the strongest trends for the luxury market, it would make sense to take advantage of it. This would be a one time thing in order to mix up the target audience a bit and give more people a chance to connect with the Maison.
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Communication Background
CURRENT Maison Margiela distributes their products through their own stores, pop-ups and website, select luxury department stores and multibrand retailers (ex. Dover Street Market) and websites. This makes finding a Margiela item a lot harder than other big names in the industry, giving it a sense of exclusivity and mystery. This is very much connected to the fact that the brand doesn’t advertise or communicate every move they make as loud and clear as others.
Their ads and campaigns tend to be similar to their fashion shows, with the garments being the center of attention, clear lines and colors and simply as free from rules as the brand. The Maison’s social media is extremely aesthetically pleasing, incorporating both black and white and color photography or video; it includes items from all of their different lines and product categories and the captions are simple and go straight to the point.
They are featured in some of the top publications or platforms (Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar, W, Vanity Fair, L’Officiel, AnOther, V, DAZED, i-D, etc), which target fashion focused readers who truly appreciate the brand’s overall ideas.
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OLD
Ads and communication in general have been on the lower and more discrete side. Even when the Maison opened, it was only a white store in Paris without a name outside. So it has definitely evolved into a more traditional communication style yet it hasn’t even tried to reach it’s competitors on the level of advertising they carry given that they identify as an “anti-brand”. It is important to mention that even though they are not focusing on this area, it seems to be something that they haven’t even needed until now given that sales are decreasing at all.
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Message
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Maison Margiela will create next season’s limited edition collection by focusing on their logos, specially the one with numbers which the brand’s creators have described as “a proclamation of anonymity” (making this collection the complete opposite) and the key aspects that identify them as the brand that they are today, but incorporating logo-mania into their garments. They’ll still maintain their low-key and clean style as much as possible as well as incorporate some of their key items (example: tabi shoes) It will still be associated with exclusivity given that it, being a limited edition collection, means a certain amount of items will be released and a small amount of people will be able to purchase its items.
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Target They have generally focused on middle-aged women (35-55 years old) with a mid to high income which makes them able to afford pricier items and who know what the brand represents and identify with the message of being a part of something quite exclusive and certainly intriguing. In this case they would focus on a younger target ranging from 20 to 35 year old men and women with an interest in fashion and trends, art, streetwear, but they also take exclusivity into consideration. This is a generation that has the need to feel special or unique so they are perfect for this limited edition collection. They live in North America, more specifically big cities such as LA, New York City and Miami.
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Goals
The main goal is to maintain loyal consumers as the brand reaches towards a new and wide market outside of their typical one. This Maison started as a ground-breaking concept and has become irrelevant up to a certain point amongst younger generations as other designers have decided to follow what the consumers dictate rather than their true identities. The key in this case is to guide the brand towards creating a hype around it in order to attract more and more people which will then “filter� the ones who will truly identify with their real aesthetics. It will be something they can wear on a regular basis opposite to some of the current garments which need a specify scenario in which to shine. An editorial will be created as well in order to direct it towards this specific target. It is important to mention that this collection seeks to -as previously mentioned- create a hype around the brand and get the public talking about its values and USP rather than just increase sales; to make it clear, this increase is not the main goal. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Inspiration Maison Margiela’s creative team should be inspired by their competitors and other brands in the industry and what their take on this trend is, in which they’ve incorporated logo-mania in almost every item and advertisement. They should focus on what this new target is asking for rather than what they’ve always done but incorporate it still. Aesthetically speaking, it will remain very much garment-focused and in random scenarios such as those they’ve used before. To maintain relevance it’s important to take the models, photographer (and team), and art director into account given that the campaign and collection will be transmitted through them and their capabilities.
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Things to Avoid
Fonts that haven’t been associated to the brand. Basic models. Regular fashion photographers. Colors that don’t match their aesthetics or their essence. Garments that are too complicated to incorporate in real life. Forgetting about their roots.
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E D I T O R I A L
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24
The meaning for the chosen title for editorial piece is “the new stage of Maison Margiela”; given that each number of their tags/logo represents a different reference code. This will portray the idea for the collection in an intriguing and very much appealing style. It must be interesting for the target market and still show a part of the Maison’s heritage. It will display the main idea for the campaign in regards of the new take they’ll take for this collection. The photography style must be extremely aesthetically pleasing with clean lines and everyday scenarios such as museum, streets, cars, etc. but with a Margiela-feel. The viewers must feel calm because of how easy and pleasing it is to see the images, yet excited to get their hands on these pieces. The models will be completely covered with a white fabric which will make them seem as if they were mannequins, which is something they’ve emphasized on previous campaigns. For this collection and campaign, most of the team members chosen have worked with Maison Margiela over the years, meaning that they somewhat already understand the concept behind the brand.
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Photographer Marina Faust
Austrian artist and photographer; she began working with documentary photography before turning to fashion photography‌ she is the only photographer to have worked with Martin Margiela for nearly his entire career.
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Makeup & Hair
In this case, it is not necessary given that their face and body will be completely covered.
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Stylist 1 Katy England: “You want the designer to be able to achieve the dream they have, to develop it and make it happen. That’s the point of us, that’s why we’re here,” she told Dazed & Confused. Alexander McQueen’s former right hand and Ricardo Tisci collaborator. Currently AnOther magazine’s Fashion Editor. She has worked with Maison Margiela in the past.
Katy England
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Stylist 2 Based in Paris where he works as a freelance stylist and consults for Maison Margiela. More specifically, he has worked with Galliano for years.
Alexis Roche
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Model Casting Only 2 models will be used throughout the editorial and they have previously worked with Maison Margiela and the stylists, creating a good environment and effective teamwork.
Leon Dame
Niki Geux
Them being underneath the fabric will be important to maintain the focus on the garments.
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Preparation & Schedule The photoshoot will be in Paris to represent the brand’s main city. The locations will portray everyday scenarios around the city (Louvre, Rue des Barres, along the Seine, and Maison Champs ElysÊes [which was decorated by Martin Margiela]). This will happen at the beggining of March in order to capture the beauty of the outdoor spaces.
The deadline will be March 22 in order to give the post-production team time before the end of the month to finish the retouching process.
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Art & Model Direction John Galliano Given that he is currently the brand’s creative director/designer, he can capture the brand’s essence and have a lot more control over the way his garments are interpreted. He’ll go over previous editorials, collections and campaigns to deliver this properly. He’ll instruct the models (along with Marina Faust) on how to pose in order to transmit the calm and excited feeling that viewers must feel after seeing the finished piece. Their poses must go according to the garments they wear in order to emphasize the attention that they require.
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Retouching & Processing Marina Faust and her team will also be in charge of the post-production process of retouching. This will give the photographs and even closer feel to the brand and her understanding of it.
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Layout The photos will be distributed in different ways, either full-page or some smaller images in different positions throughout the pages with archive images in the background. These will be distributed randomly and overlayed to break with the style they usually have and still appear to be unfinished just like their garments do. This will still be very much connected to the brands typical image.
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Photography: Marina Faust & Maison Margiela Archives Art & Model Direction: John Galliano Stylist: Katy England & Alexis Roche Models: Leon Dame & Niki Geux
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24
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L
ookbook
A lookbook is a used within the fashion industry as a visual display of the product (Issuu, 2019). The Maison Margiela lookbook will be focused entirely on the products, with a plain white backdrop and models standing still and in the center of the plane, very similar to what their website shows.
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MAISON MARGIELA AW20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
MAISON MARGIELA AW20
Tabi Frame Metallic Bag Style: S56WG0114P2655T9002
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MAISON MARGIELA AW20 Strap Oversized Shirt Style: S51DL0332S44720100
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Multi-wear Zip Sweatshirt Style: S51GU0081S25405854 MAISON MARGIELA AW20
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MAISON MARGIELA AW20
Tabi Canvas High-top Sneakers Style: S57WS0253P1875T3027
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MAISON MARGIELA AW20
Wool Cape Style: S51AM0341S52146511
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M
inisite
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The main objective for the mini site is to get customers to see what the brand is all about (it’s heritage, key aspects, designer, etc.) and what the available collections are. Apart from this, a section with the latest fashion show description and images is included. https://maisonmargiela24.fashion.blog/ https://issuu.com/svirensjo/docs/maison_margiela_indesign_copy
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R e f e r e n c e s
Alcolea, S. (2018). MM6 MAISON MARGIELA - AW 2018-19 LFW - Amenity Magazine. [online] Amenity Magazine. Available at: https://amenitymag.com/maisonmargiela6/ [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. Businessoffashion.com. (n.d.). The Business of Fashion. [online] Available at: https://www.businessoffashion.com/organisations/ maison-margiela [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. Clarke, E. (2018). Creative brand repot on Maison Margiela. [online] Issuu. Available at: https://issuu.com/eleanorclarke21/ docs/indesign_brand_repot_export_issuu_1 [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. En.wikipedia.org. (n.d.). Maison Margiela. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Margiela [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. filakuku. (2012). A story about a Maison. [online] Available at: https://filakuku.wordpress.com/2012/01/25/a-story-about-a-maison/ [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. Otb.net. (n.d.). Maison Margiela | Our Companies | OTB. [online] Available at: https://www.otb.net/en/our-companies/maison-margiela/ [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. Silbert, J. (2018). Martin Margiela Delivers Extremely Rare Public Statement. [online] HYPEBEAST. Available at: https://hypebeast.com/2018/10/martin-margiela-belgian-fashion-awards-designer-letter-statement [Accessed 8 Dec. 2019]. Figure 1: Sevenstore (2018) Maison Margiela [image] https:// www.sevenstore.com/editorial/introducing-maison-margiela-/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 2: Highxtar (no date) Highxtar Margiela Masks [image] https://highxtar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/highxtar-margiela-masks-13-2.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 3: Madeira, M. (1997) Now You See Him [image] https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/martin-margiela [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 4: W Magazine (2018) John Galliano Fur Free [image] https://www.wmagazine.com/story/john-galliano-fur-free/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 5: Style Bistro (2014) MM6 Maison Martin Margiela Fall 2014 [image] http://www.stylebistro.com/runway/ New+York+Fashion+Week+Fall+2014/MM6+Maison+Martin+Margiela/Details/a1dJqLhnPqD [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 6: Vogue (2007) Comme des Garçons Spring Readyto-Wear [image] https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/ spring-2007-ready-to-wear/comme-des-garcons/slideshow/ collection#2 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 7: Teacups & Couture (2017) Rick Owens Spring 2018 [image] http://teacupsandcouture.com/rick-owens-spring2018-pile-it-on-bitch/kim_0041/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 8: DAZED (2017) Helmut Lang Seen SS18 [image] http://dazedimg.dazedgroup.netdna-cdn.com/1050/azure/ dazed-prod/1220/7/1227941.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 9: Mike Shouts (2018) Balenciaga T-Shirt Shirt [image] https://d2cdo4blch85n8.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Balenciaga-T-Shirt-Shirt-image-1-630x420.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 10: Highsnobiety (no date) MFW20 Paris Vetements [image] ( https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/vetements-fw20/
[Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 11: The Skinny Beep (2019) Sacai FW19 [image] https://www.theskinnybeep.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Sacai-Fall-Winter-2019-Womens-CollectionParis-Fashion-Week.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 12: Maison Margiela (2019) Ready to Wear [image] https://www.maisonmargiela.com [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 13: Maison Margiela (2019) Accessories [image] https:// www.maisonmargiela.com [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 14: Maison Margiela (2019) Ready to Wear [image] https://www.maisonmargiela.com [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 15: Maison Margiela (2019) Ready to Wear [image] https://www.maisonmargiela.com [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 16: Highxtar (2019) Tabi Boots [image] https://highxtar.com/por-que-las-mascaras-y-las-tabi-boots-han-definido-elheritage-de-maison-margiela/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 17: DAZED (2018) Mutiny Campaign [image] https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/41534/1/ willow-smith-maison-margiela-john-galliano-mutiny-princess-nokia-campaign [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 18: Fanshare (no date) Ad Campaign SS [image] http:// www.fansshare.com/gallery/photos/10603028/jennifer-hudson-in-denim-zip-front-blouse-photo-hot/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 19: GrĂŠgoire Vieille Photography (2016) Fine Jewelry [image] https://www.gregoirevieille.com/portfolio/ maison-margiela-paris-fine-jewelry-2016-campaign-4/#maison-margiela-paris-fine-jewelry-2016-campaign-4 [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 20: Borthwick, M. (1998) i-D Magazine no.174 [image] https://strip-project.com/archive/maison-martin-margiela-photography-mark-borthwick-i-d-magazine-no-174april-1998/595 [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 35: Laia Magazine (2019) PFW Erika Boldrin AW19 http://www.laiamagazine.com/shop-maison-margiela-glamslam-bag-favorite-fashion-crowd/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 21: Arts Life (2014) MMM tag [image] http://mayuer58.blogspot.com/2014/06/logos.html [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 36: DV Closet (2019) FENDI logo mania [image] https://www.dvcloset.com/blog/trend-alert/389-logo-mania [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 22: End (no date) Maison Margiela Cordura Document Case [image] https://www.endclothing.com/sg/maison-margiela-11-cordura-document-case-3-pack-ui0186-pr253-t8013. html [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 37: Trendencias (2017) Balenciaga logo sweater [image] https://www.trendencias.com/marcas/la-logomania-de-balenciaga-inunda-el-street-style [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 23: Third Looks (2012) MMM Reference [image] https://www.thirdlooks.com/2012/11/maison-martin-margiela-reference-guide/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 24: Pinterest (2019) NYFW AW19 [image] https://i. pinimg.com/564x/7a/48/df/7a48df51f17bf806a6a9d0793f60234b.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 25: Style Du Monde (2019) Alton Mason NY SS19 [image] https://www.styledumonde.com/2019/05/new-yorkss-2019-street-style-alton-mason/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 26: Enfnts Terribles (no date) Street Style Ludovic [image] https://enfntsterribles.com/street-style-looks-pfw-ss20part-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 27: Style Du Monde (2019) Kelela NY SS19 [image] https://www.styledumonde.com/tag/maison-margiela-tabi-white-boots/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 28: Enfnts Terribles (no date) Street Style Ludovic [image] https://enfntsterribles.com/street-style-looks-pfw-ss20part-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 29: Pause Mag (2019) Sangiev [image] https://pausemag.co.uk/2019/04/pause-picks-10-ways-to-style-maison-margiela-tabi-boots/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 30: Zencart (2018) High Fashion Street Style [image] https://www.zencart-php.com/index.php?main_page=tag_ id&id=443054 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 31: London et Paris (2019) PFW Camila Coelho SS19 [image] http://www.londonetparis.com/blog/2019/07/27/ paris-fashion-week-street-style-pfw-maison-margiela-ss19-camila-coelho/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 38: Twitter (2018) @WWD Logomania capsule collection [image] https://twitter.com/wwd/status/996751792347271169/photo/1 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 39: Vetements (2019) Black White logo sneakers [image] https://d3hed5rtv63hp1.cloudfront.net/products/297541/ large/UAH19RE2-BLACKWHITE-UO_DO_0003_0003. jpg?1525355383 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 40: Instagram (2019) @helmutlang logo jacket [image] https://www.instagram.com/p/B4fT-2JBOGs/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 41: Le Paradox (no date) “Heritage”- Colette Paris [image] http://www.leparadox.com/fashion/maison-martin-margiela-heritage-at-colette-paris/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 42: Europeana Collections (2015) Duvet Coat [image] https://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/blogs/duvet-coat-archive [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 43: Le Paradox (no date) “Heritage”- Colette Paris [image] http://www.leparadox.com/fashion/maison-martin-margiela-heritage-at-colette-paris/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 44: Pinterest (no date) Runway looks [image] https://i.pinimg.com/564x/4e/fd/08/4efd08c6786054b3b7a2595f7eb144b3.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 45: Faust, M. (2015) Archive [image] http://www.marinafaust.com/files/2010/03/marina-faust-mmm.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 46: Faust, M. (1996) SS96 Archive [image] https://i-d. vice.com/en_au/article/xwxvpj/how-belgian-fashion-changedthe-world [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 32: Pause Mag (2019) ESC Studio [image] https:// pausemag.co.uk/2019/04/pause-picks-10-ways-to-style-maison-margiela-tabi-boots/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 47: Label Conference (2016) Marina FAUST [image] ( https://labelconference.co/marina-faust-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 33: Tokyo Fashion (2019) Harajuku 2019 [image] http://tokyofashion.com/white-ripped-jeans-harajuku-stylemm6-ikumi-gucci-maison-margiela-tabi-boots/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 48: Zentai-Zentai (no date) Spandex white suit [image] http://www.zentai-zentai.com/silver-white-full-body-suitfullbody-tights-lycra-spandex-zentai-suit-products-135.html [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 34: Harper’s Bazaar (2019) MM Streetstyle [image] https://www.harpersbazaar.com/es/moda/compras/ a29116753/bolso-zara-maison-margiela-bottega-veneta-tendencia/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 49: Amazon (no date) Spandex black suit [image] https://www.amazon.co.uk/ruiruiNIE-Stretchy-Disappearing-Bodysuit-Halloween/dp/B07W9L16J2 [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 50: Telegraph (no date) Katy England Portrait [image] https://www.telegraph.co.uk/content/dam/fashion/2015-06/ june%209/593_1katye_portrait.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 51: Models. (2019) S/S20 Look [image] https:// models.com/work/maison-margiela-maison-margiela-ss-20-show/1203576 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 52: Fame Chain (no date) Alexis Roche portrait [image] https://www.famechain.com/family-tree/22484/alexis-roche [Accessed 8 December 2019]
[Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 65: Highxtar (no date) Highxtar Margiela Masks [image] https://highxtar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 66: Highxtar (no date) Highxtar Margiela Masks [image] https://highxtar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 67: Rubio, O. (no date) EDITORIAL [image] https:// www.olga-rubio.com/y-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 53: Models. (2019) S/S20 Look [image] https:// models.com/work/maison-margiela-maison-margiela-ss-20-show/1203576 [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 68: Pinterest (no date) Blazer Archive [image] https:// www.pinterest.es/pin/525654587756561224/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 54: Models. (no date) Leon Dame [image] https://models.com/models/leon-dame [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 69: Rubio, O. (no date) EDITORIAL [image] https:// www.olga-rubio.com/y-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 55: Mor.Bo (2019) Leon Dame SS20 [image] https:// www.ismorbo.com/conoce-a-leon-dame-el-modelo-que-encendio-la-paris-fashion-week-con-este-catwalk-ultra-salvaje/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 70: Rubio, O. (no date) EDITORIAL [image] https:// www.olga-rubio.com/y-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019]
Figure 56: Models. (no date) Niki Geux [image] https://models.com/models/niki-geux [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 57: Paparazzi Models (2019) Niki Geux SS20 https://paparazzimodels.com/wp2017/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Niki-Geux-for-Maison-Margiela-FW19800x1200.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 58: Dezeen (2011) Maison Champs ElysÊes Margiela [image] https://www.dezeen.com/2011/10/26/maison-champs-elysees-by-maison-martin-margiela/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 59: Pinterest (2013) Banks of River Seine [image] https://i2.wp.com/frenchmoments.eu/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Banks-of-River-Seine-Paris-Š-French-Moments.jpg?fit=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 60: Pinterest (no date) Leonard Da Vinci Louvre [image] https://cdn-lejdd.lanmedia.fr/var/europe1/storage/images/ lejdd/culture/expo/pour-leonard-de-vinci-au-louvre-il-faudrareserver-3895300/52960388-1-fre-FR/Pour-Leonard-de-Vinciau-Louvre-il-faudra-reserver.jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 61: Henry, D. (no date) Rue Des Barres [image] https:// www.davidphenry.com/Paris/RueDesBarresViewNorth2832. jpg [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 62: Pinterest (no date) Galliano portrait [image] https:// www.pinterest.es/pin/314055774006532910/?lp=true [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 63: Elastisch (1976) Marina Faust [image] http://elastisch.net/trading/?page_id=46 [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 64: Highxtar (no date) Highxtar Margiela Masks [image] https://highxtar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/
Figure 71: Pinterest (no date) Mannequin [image] https://www. pinterest.es/pin/475411304398650626/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 72: Rubio, O. (no date) EDITORIAL [image] https:// www.olga-rubio.com/y-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 73: Pinterest (no date) Doors and Numbers [image] https://www.pinterest.es/pin/513973376202602699/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 74: Rubio, O. (no date) EDITORIAL [image] https:// www.olga-rubio.com/y-2/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 75: Pinterest (no date) White covered [image] https:// www.pinterest.es/pin/537898749239280118/ [Accessed 8 December 2019] Figure 76-84: Maison Margiela (no date) Products [images] https://www.maisonmargiela.com [Accessed 8 December 2019]