URBAN PLANNING | M.ARCH | 2020-2022 | PORTFOLIO by Swati Chaudhary

Portfolio Urban Design Studio

JMI University Master’s in Recreation Architecture

SWATI CHAUDHARY

20-00432

An architect with extensive expertise in the design of commercial, residential, and institutional expansions, as well as urban scale and recreational projects on a city level. Interested in putting my academic and professional background to work as an Urban Planner expert for a company that provides opportunity for professional development and learning.

SwatiChaudhary Assistant Urban Planner Design, in my opinion, is a never-ending process of making a city more dynamic and livable. My primary areas of interest are future city planning and recreational pursuits.

05.Jan.1997

CONTACT +91-8630718541 swatichaudhary2020@gmail.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/ swati-chaudhary-23294412b Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh

LANGUAGES English, Hindi

INTERESTS

WORK EXPERIENCE

ACADEMIC WORK M.Arch - Recreation Architecture Thesis

Revitilization of the Heritage Core in Jodhpur

Third Semester

Preserve and revitalize soul of the the religious symbolic city Pushkar, Rajasthan, to facilitate inclusive heritage and tourism linked urban development.

SKETS Studio, New Delhi Assistant Architect Feb 2020-Dec 2020

Second Semester

Trendsetters, New Delhi Assistant Architect July 2019-January 2020

First Semester

Mixed Folios Architects & Interior Designers, New Delhi Design Intern June-Dec 2017

Research Paper

Regeneration of underutilized eco-sensitive zone through recreation as a catalyst by enhancement of happiness index and ecology. Precint- Kamla Nehru Ridge An integrated study of how people use public spaces and recreational activities in streets of Majnu ka Tila, New Delhi

EDUCATION Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi M.Arch Recreation Architecture, Faculty of Architecture & Ekistics Dec 2020-May 2022 Indo Global College of Architecture, Chandigarh B.Arch July 2014-May 2019 Nehru World School, Ghaziabad Intermediate 2013-2014

Futuristic design approach for elevated urban parks with connectivity throughout the neighbourhood

Dissertation Exploring reasons for a City Park failure, despite the lack of recreational spaces in the city (2020) Incorporation of Recreational Elements in Urban Green Space to Enhance Safety, Precint- Kamla Nehru Ridge (2021) Enhancing Recreational Elements to Preserve Cultural Identity of Historic Towns (2021)

SEMINARS & WORKSHOPS Presented M.Arch (Recreation Architecture), JMI in NAAC 2021 as a part of team Attended seminar on GATI: Fostering Equality, Leading Change by Dr. Pratibha Jolly, Apr 2022 Workshop by GATI: Gender Sensitization, Feb 2022

SOFTWARE SKILLS

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS Urban mapping

Environmental Planning

Recreational-design approach

Inclusive Planning

Heritage Revitilization

Data Analysis

Urban Resillience

Conceptualization & Visualization

Autocad Sketchup Lumion QGIS Indesign Illustrator

Photoshop Vectorworks Revit 3DS Max VRay MS Office

Study of pubic spaces at neighbourhood level, Majnu ka Tilla

Ecological layers of Delhi

Regeneration of underutilized eco-sensitive zone in Kamla Nehru Ridge

04 05

Preserve and revitalize soul of the the religious symbolic city Pushkar

Revitalization of the heritage core of Jodhpur, Rajasthan

Contents

01 01 An integrated study of how people use public spaces and recreational activities at neighbourhood level in Majnu ka Tila, New Delhi

Majnu Ka Tilla offers a physical environment for recreation to people who are visiting this place. The prominent essence of Tibetan culture tickles the sweet memories of a hill station such as Manali and the visual cues and ambiance make them wonder if they are still in Delhi. Therefore it is right to say that majnu ka tilla is an escape from the chaos of the city to a peaceful river’s side Tibetan settlement. This beautiful settlement off ers a range of activities from beautiful riverside cafes to street markets. The entrance of majnu ka tilla is marked by a gate with new Aruna Nagar written on it, the streets have shops on both the side selling shoes, clothes, and groceries. in the center of the settlement lies the heart of this place the monastery. The monastery area is full of residents and visitors either having tea or eating at laphing stalls or simply indulged in praying. Moving further into the area one can ö nd a variety of cafes and restaurants to choose from, ama cafe being the most famous among all. One can often see people waiting below the cafe for their turn to enjoy a cup of coff ee with their friends. The entire lane is bustling with people either looking for cafes or shopping at the street market. The backside of majnu ka tilla shares its edge with the river Yamuna, with a few cafes providing a view of riverside and the signature bridge built across it. Majnu ka tilla is in close proximity to Delhi university, so a lot of students visit this place. The components of recreation at majnu ka tilla are Food & beverages, Religious Places and Retail.

Delhi

Age Group Distribution

Majnu Ka Tilla, founded in 1960, is a Tibetan colony in New Delhi. The market is an example of Tibetan culture and tradition in motion. It has a wide array of Tibetan handicrafts as well as a number of cuisines. It is well-known among Delhi residents, especially among college students. The aura and nature of the Majnu Ka Tilla, also known as Mini Tibet.

Majnu Ka Tilla Household Type

fig. 3.1 Entrance of Majnu ka Tilla Source-Author

Population Site Area: 70,986.68 m²

1905

1957-1960

1982

fig. 3.3 Showing location of Majnu ka tilla in Delhi Source-Author

TIBETIAN CULTURE Majnu Ka Tilla reflects a diverse spectrum of Tibetan culture. Fragments of buddhist culture can be seen here.

SENSE OF BELONGING The aura of Majnu Ka Tilla is easy to communicate with; it has an acceptable community and an inextricable sense of belonging.

IMAGEBILITY There are several elements at Majnu Ka Tilla that serve as a mental map for tourists, evoking a powerful picture.

SENSE OF ENCLOSURE

LOCATION

DIVERSITY IN USE

Users feel protected and are pulled inwards the site since the building heights construct a closed compact space.

The location is close to Delhi University, drawing a huge number of students as tourists. It is situated by the water’s edge, which oﬀers a stunning and calming experience for tourists.

fig. 3.2 Evolution of Majnu ka Tilla Source-Author

1959 Tibetan uprising

1960 Tibetan refugee camp along side river yamuna (temprory shelters

1982 Part of old camp demolished inorder to widen the road- formation of new camp

2006 Parmanent structures came up abolishment of selling chang

2013 Delhi Govt. included New Aruna Nagar in its list of “to-be-regularised colonies

Residents of Majnu Ka Tilla started selling Chang, a rice fermened beer, which was permitted by government,targetting the delhi university youth and lower class community. Food and chang became main source of economy until 2006. 123

Population 4850

Majnu Ka Tilla

fig. 3.4 why majnu ka tilla Source-Author

Majnu Ka Tilla

PERMEABILITY The streets have permeable frontages that have inside and outside links. It’s easy to get around and has access to the major thoroughfares.

LEGIBILITY The built use at Majnu Ka Legibility is the quality Tilla is a good example of with which a person can diversity in use, it oﬀers recognise pattern. The tivaried cuisines,shopping betan flags and small elespots, leisure & chatting- ments of tibetan culture walking on its streets, etc. can be seen through out majnu ka tilla.

124

fig. 3.11 Accessibility Map Source-Author

Auto/ elctric rickshaw/ pedestrian path According to a poll, 70% of people use the metro as their primary mode of transportation, led by 23% who drive their own car, and 7% who take a taxi. Metro

Majnu Ka Tilla

own vehicle

fig. 3.12 Mode of travel- Pie chart

Source-Author

Cabs 130

B A vast variety of activities can be noted at Majnu ka Tilla, being a popular destination among students & tourists. To map the activities happening, two major zones of the site are taken into consideration: the monastry area and the commercial street.

fig. 3.39 Street Light Image

fig. 3.43 Image of Monastery Area

Source-Author

The spine of majnu ka tilla is doubly loaded with commercial activities such as cafes, restaurants, shops, and street markets which are usually open till late at night. The shops being less opaque, light from them is enough for the streets to be well lit.

Source-Author

A The monastery area is a significant place because it displays the culture and

religion of the Tibetian people. Being located at the heart of the site and a mesmerizing point, it attracts people. People gather and spend more time here which leads to a wide variety of activities happening in this area.

Street lights along the commercial lane are at a distance of 10 m approx, also adding up to provide more light streets making them safe and approachable. Although the streets alongside the houses were not that well lit and felt very unsafe at night.

Monastery area

Food

Incense stick Odour

Stone and Plaster Odour

Bad /Foul Odour

Spices Odour

fig. 3.38 Odour Map Source-Author fig. 3.44 Image of Commercial Street

Source-Author

B The commercial street is aligned with shops, cafes and restaurants.

fig. 3.41 Street Light Map

Source-Author

fig. 3.40 Street Light Map

Source-Author

Commercial Lane

Clothing, jewellery and handicrafts shops in the street attract women more. The famous Ama Cafe is the main reason for the footfall and activities happening here.

fig. 3.45 Site Map Source-Author

Majnu Ka Tilla 143

fig. 3.42 Image showing night light at Commercial street

M a j n u K a T i l l a 146

Majnu Ka Tilla

Source-Author

144

The commercial street Monastery area

Residential cafe Restaurants Street market

LEGEND Men walking Men standing

Grocery store office Hotels

Path followed women

Path followed by men

Men sitting Women walking

Clothing &shoe Handicraft shop General Store

shops with products on displays and display window

Photography points

Women standing Women sitting Smoking Vendor

Observtions

Child walking Child sitting Child standing Laphing corner Path followed by women Path followed by men Photography points shops with products on displays clothing & shoe shop

Residential

Grocery store fig. 3.69 Monastery Area Plan Source-Author

Tea Shop

Travel Agency

Monastery

Office

People used steps out side the stores to sit.

Path followed by women was much closer to the display windows and stalls.

People waiting for their turn at amacafe pass their time by window shopping.

usually people went to the internal streets along side the buildings for smoking.

Handicraft

Observtions

Path followed by women was much closer to the display window, men went direct.

visitors feel they are in some hill station and usually start taking pictures.

People sit around on the benchs placed around the stall and vistors would pause and look at the process.

fig. 3.72 Figures showing Observations Source-Author

Residents would come and sit on the benchs in front of the temple.People used steps to sit.

fig. 3.70 Figures showing Observations Source-Author

Street market

Shopping

Restaurant

fig. 3.73 Factors aﬀecting activities at Commercial Street fig. 3.71 Factors aﬀecting activities at Monastery Area Source-Author

159

Street Vendor

Benches

Monastery

fig. 3.74 Commercial Street Map Source-Author

Tea stall

Majnu Ka Tilla

160

The physical environment of monastery area demands social activities followed by optional and then necessary.

Social

Optional

Necessary fig. 3.125 Types of Activity Source-Author

fig. 3.122 Image of Monastery Area Source-Author

Sitting spaces should be physically comfortable along with being socially comfortable. The benches and chairs can be added, the best way is to maximize the stability of inherent features-ledges and steps. -William H Whyte

fig. 3.120 Urban grain at Monastery Area Source-Author

The best used open area is the one which provides sociabe places, with a higher proportion of people in groups, more people meeting people. The built form of this area is fine in grain. The temple area at Majnu ka Tilla is the only open area in the midst of the built; that oﬀers gathering space for both the residents and visitors.

BREAKING OF SCALE

fig. 3.123 Table for Activity Typology Source-Author

fig. 3.128 Edges at Monastery Entrance Source-Author

Children fig. 3.126 Map showing Sitting Spaces

Adult

steps being used for sitting path followed by people

Family Adult

Family

Senior Citizen

Children

fig. 3.121 Pie chart-Breaking of Scale Source-Author

177

Senior citizen

Source-Author chairs and benches Line of sight fig. 3.127 Pie chartbehaviour of people in Monastery area Source-Author

fig. 3.124 Breaking of Scale Source-Author

Majnu Ka Tilla

sitting on steps sitting on benches

Majnu Ka Tilla

looking towards eachother looking towards center

In the monastery area, a number of benches around tea shops and food stalls. The position of these benches changes throughout the day as per the utility of the space. Steps in front of the monastery are used for sitting by people when the monastery is closed. The orientation of all the benches and steps are in such a way that they face towards the centre of the area where maximum activities takes place. People tend to face towards the center of this area watching the activities and people passing by. 178

ECOLOGY OF DELHI, AN INTRODUCTION Based on the geology and the geomorphology, the region of the city of Delhi can be broadly divided into four parts - Kohi (hills) which comprises the hills of Aravalli, Bangar (main land), Khadar (sandy alluvium) along the river Yamuna and Dabar (low lying area/ flood plains). Leaving the hills and the plains, the river abandoned its original course and urban development in the 19th and 20th century gradually pushed it eastwards on to the lowest elevation leaving behind six old courses in the region. Spurs of Aravalli (known as Ridge in Delhi)—the oldest fold mountains in India—and river Yamuna—a tributary of river Ganga—are two natural features which frame the triangular alluvial region. While there was a scattering of settlements in the region, the urban settlements of Delhi developed, more profoundly, around the eleventh century on the Aravalli Ridge to the south of the alluvial plain.

02 DELHI: ecological layers

A spur of the Aravalli hills enter the Delhi region from present-day Gurugram in the south, and continue northwards, descending gradually towards the north east side, ending in Wazirabad near the river. The vegetation of Ridge comprises dry and deciduous trees which have adapted to the shallow soil and limited water. Some parts of the Ridge on the southern side have deep alluvial basins where there is a change in vegetation. The land flanking the river has sandy and coarse soils with shallow ground water table while the south western side is low lying. The composite climate of the region is characterized by a dry and hot summer (March to June) and a dry cold winter (October to February) interspersed by a brief monsoon period.

CHANGE IN FLOOD PLAINS The NCT of Delhi continues to grow at a phenomenal rate and the ‘Delhi stretch’ remains worst polluted among all stretches. The Wazirabad barrage ensures that the river floodplain remains dry almost throughout the year, except in 2-3 monsoon months when it ‘floods’. Rest of the year, various temporary and permanent activities take place on the floodplain making it a point as well as non-point source of river pollution. At the same time, the growth of the NCT of Delhi is now consuming the Yamuna River floodplain and transforming the riverfront at a much faster pace than ever before. This is alarming since the Yamuna river floodplain provide significant ecosystem services, act as a water reservoir and can also be used for natural and artificial cleaning of the river.

THE FAUNA There are 67 bird species like rufous treepie, night heron, Eurasian Collared-Dove, Brown-headed Barbet. The common reptiles found are snakes, monitor lizards, geckos. Common insects that can be seen are butterflies, dragonflies and damselfies, grasshopers,beetles, bees, caterpillars. The mammals include nilgai, porcupines, small indian civet, common hare, wild pigs.

THE FLORA Common tree species: Accacias (A. nilotica, A. leucophloea, A. catechu, etc.), Anogeissus latifolia, Prosopis juliflora, etc. Shrubs: Capparis sepiaria, Zizyphus Mauritiana, etc. Herbaceous flora: Calotropis procera, Withania somnifera, Achyranthes aspera, etc. Grasses: Cenchrus ciliaris, Aristida, etc.

CONTOURS OF DELHI

SOIL MAP OF DELHI

The city of Delhi is situated at a mean 225 m above sea level. Delhi’s terrain is affected by two major geographical elements: the Aravalli Ranges and the Yamuna River Plain. These also contain the highest and the lowest point of the city.

Ht. above sea level

Location

The city lies on the Great Indian Plains on the bigger picture and hence has Alluvial Soil. The soil types mentioned below are on the basis of the mineral compositions found locally. Soil Type Co-ordinates

Land-use

Highest Point

318 m

In Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctualry, Southern Bhatti Kalan District

28°26’27”N, 77°13’29”E

Recreational- Regional Parks

Lowest Point

192 m

In River Yamuna, near Kalindi Kunj Bridge, South-East Delhi

A point inside the river

River

Texture

Percentage

Location

Remarks

Ridge

Rocky

Aravalli Ranges, mainly in Asola-Bhatti region.

Degradation due to quarrying and encroachment.

Kohi

Silty clay/ Loamy

15%

Foothills of Aravalli Ranges.

Uneven topography leads to erosion

Bhangar

Old Alluvium

41%

Alipur, Shera, Narela, Ladpur, Najafgarh.

Generally fertile with high moisture content.

Khadar

New Alluvium

18%

Along the River Plain in Balla, Shahdara, Gokalpur, Madanpur.

Recent flood plain.

Dabar

Saline Alkali

22%

Low-lying areas in Najafagarh, Palam, Ladpur , Shikharpur.

Poor drainage affects the soil texture.

DELHI HYDROLOGY

DELHI GREENS

River Yamuna is the main water source. It enters Delhi at Palla village from the North and travels 32 km before leaving Delhi at the Jaitpur village in South. At present more than 20 drains pour into the river, mainly, Najafgarh, Shahdara and Barapullah Drain. Almost 14 of these drains empty their untreated sewage/ effluents into the river. There are 969 water bodies in Delhi. These come under various jurisdictions like DDA, Archaelogical Survey Dept., Forest Dept., CPWD, MCD, Revenue/ Irrigation and Flood Control Dept., IIT, etc. Currently, 346 of them are dried up, garbage dumped in 81, 214 encroached with construction, etc. and 89 of them converted into parks. So only 239 of them remain as clean water bodies.

Forest Cover

North-West Delhi

South Delhi

Central Delhi

25 sq. km

20.56 %

North Delhi

59 sq. km

7.68 %

166

113

New Delhi

35 sq. km

49.29 %

NW Delhi

440 sq. km

3.87 %

South Delhi

250 sq. km

32.86 %

SW Delhi

421 sq. km

11.54 %

East Delhi

64 sq. km

5.13 %

West Delhi

129 sq. km

5.29 %

NE Delhi

60 sq. km

6.62 %

TOTAL

1483 sq. km

12.73 %

North Delhi

151

South-East Delhi

West Delhi

South-West Delhi

New Delhi

Central Delhi

260

Revenue District

North-East Delhi

East Delhi

Forest Cover

District-wise classification of the water bodies:

Geo. Area

Delhi is typical Northern Tropical Thorn Forest Type seen in arid-semi arid zone.

ECOLOGICAL LAYERS OF DELHI Delhi is bounded by the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains in the North and East, by old alluvium in the West and by Aravalli hill ranges in the South. THE RIDGE: The terrain of Delhi is flat in general except for a low North East and then the South West trending ridge that is considered and extension of the Aravalli hills of Rajasthan. The ridge may be said to enter Delhi from the South West. The eastern part of the ridge extends up to Okhla in the South and disappears below Yamuna alluvium in the North East on the right bank of the river. SOIL TYPE AND TERRAIN CONTOURS: The ridge is located in a high contour level area. The Kohi soil can be observed to mark the foothills of the Aravalli Ranges. SOIL TYPE AND WATER BODIES: Along the banks of Najafgarh Drain, we can observe dabar soil lines it. The bhangar and khadar soil are more fertile, with the new alluvium soil along the River Yamuna and Bhangar forming the base ground for other canals. CATCHMENT AREAS: The catchment area is observed in the banks of River Yamuna. There are mainly two catchment areas. One, where the Najafgarh Drain flows into the River, and the other where Barapullah Drain and Shahdara Drain flows into the River.

KAMLA NEHRU RIDGE

03 01 Regeneration of underutilized ecosensitive zone through recreation as a catalyst by enhancement of happiness index and ecology.

Kamla Nehru Ridge is the northern extension of the Aravalli ranges. It’s high terrain between River Yamuna and the Najafgarh Drain, than the surrounding areas with lower elevations is a key factor on the topography map of Delhi. Ridge provides useful ecosystem services to Delhi. It contributes 87 native plant species, 7 mammal species & 31 butterfly species among many others. It has a number of water bodies like Khooni Jheel which also has a historical influence. The Ridge is known for its historical heritage as it was a prominent place in the Mughal Dynasty as well as during the British Colonization. Also, the context of the selected site is rich in cultural and ethnic groups like the Punjabi Basti, Madrasi Colony, etc. The site thus, has a lot of opportunities for recreation to cater to the neighboring settlements. The Ridge is the only Urban Green Space in the entire Northern part of Delhi, hence the preservation of the Ridge in the city-level is also essential.

The ridge is located at the fork where Najafgarh Drain meets the River Yamuna. The urban forest is surrounded by various refugee colnies like the Punjabi Bagh, Kabir Basti, Majnu ka Tila, etc. Some of these later developed into wealthier colonies with different cultural identities.

SITE INTRODUCTION

Mukherjee Nagar Majnu ka Tila

Police Lines

Vidhan Sabha,

the State Legislative Assembly and the Universi-

Kamla Nagar

ty of Delhi Secre-

Dept. of Forest & Wildlife

Roshanara Garden

Today’s Civil Lines housed the British Cantonment, and is now one of the posh colonies of Delhi. The area around was an administrative hub with Old Secretariat, now

Signature Bridge

NDR

1 km

SITE

2 km

3 km

Civil Lines

triat was the Vice Regal Lodge earlier. Next to the University is the

Kamla Nagar Market,

Chandni Chowk Karol Bagh

Fatehpuri Masjid

one of the cheapest flea markets in Delhi. Its location and context makes it widely known among the young genera-

Red Fort

tion as a means of recreation. It is a part of the Kamla Nagar residential colony, which was a centre of political activity during the late British Rule and the first two decades post Independence. It was also a cultural hub as Gulzar, Santosh Anand and Manoj Kumar were active here before becoming popular in Bollywood. It was also a training base for wrestlers like Dara Singh, Guru Hanuman, Satpal Singh, Bhupendra Dhawan and Maha Singh Rao.

CONTEXT & ACCESSIBILITY

HERITAGE & VALUE MAPPING

CONCEPT & STRUCTURE PLAN

PROPOSED SITE PLAN Flexible recreation space diverse temporal acitivities are promoted.

Healing garden - curating healing gardens for the hospitals.

Central spine- developed with all the heritage and ctive passive recreational activities.

Defined trails- the natural trails are made unique by planting different trees along them, to create experiential design.

Conserved existing lakes- existing lakes has been retained and conserved to make it a part of the public recreational spaces.

Improved cycling tracks- the movement pattern is made articulate. Reserved forest- some parts of the ridge are marked as reserved forest, to keep intact the ecology of ridge.

Creating water fronts- the existing lakes are rejuvinated to create a public zone.

Heritage walk- the walk is designed by connecting all the heritage monuments present on the site

L E G E N D ENTRY

NURSERY

DRINKING WATER

PBS/ CYCLING STANDS

WASHROOM INTERPRETATION CENTRE

PARKING

WATER EDGES

HERITAGE WALK

EXHIBITION SPACE/ DISPLAY/GALLERY

BIRD TRAIL

FOOD KIOSK

GOLDEN TRAIL (Amaltas)

WALKING/ CYCLING TRACK

ACTIVE RECREATION SPOTS

EDUCATIONAL TRAIL

GATES TO BE RETAINED

PASSIVE RECREATION SPOTS

PINK TRAIL(Bougainvillea)

GATES TO BE CLOSED

A central spine with high intensity of recreational and ecological zones is created. The spine consists of the heritage walk starting from the south of the ridge covering first the mutiny memorial and ending at the flag staff tower. Both active and passive recreational activities are planned to intermingle and create a sociable public space. The recreational activities minimally interfere with the ecology of the ridge. Existing water bodies are replenished and an improved man-water interaction is promoted. The plan propose a concept of urban forest Park to conserve and manage the ridge by creating a quality public space and a balanced ecosystem for all its stakeholders.

SITE DETAILS

KEY PLAN

The details of various parts of the sites are developed using the above policies and stratergies. Interpretation centre is developed to create awareness and for the protection of the ridge. Exisiting trails are developed upon by proposing multiple unique recreational activities to improve on the socio cultural aspect of the ridge. Ecological character zones are created by removal of invasive species and replantation of native trees to form a well balanced ecosystem.

INTERPRETATION CENTRE -1

VIEWS OF FLAGSTAFF TOWER

THE TRELLIS AROUND THE FLAG STAFF TOWER PROVIDES A WELL SHADED AREA WHICH CAN BE USED FOR EXHIBITIONS SUNDAY MARKET, LIGHT AND SOUND SHOWS CREATING WELL INTEGRATED SOCIAL SPACE.

PUSHKAR

04 01 Preserve and revitalize soul of the the religious symbolic city Pushkar, Rajasthan, to facilitate inclusive heritage and tourism linked urban development.

Pushkar is one of the most sacred cities of India, with a rich past religiously, socially and historically till date. Today Pushkar is known for may things like the Brahma Temple and Lake, Camel Fair, culture and also as the Hippie Town of Rajasthan. Israelis and other Westerners make it a point to take Pushkar into their itenaries while visiting the country. Some of the challenges in preserving Pushkar’s character include the diversity of interests, significant encroachment on public land, and weak and inadequate local legislation. Site planning and management should take into account what is deemed non-essential information, such as the hidden significance of rituals and the sacredness assigned to nature that may be seen in everyday behaviours, such that a new cultural approach encourages the use of non-essential knowledge.Vending cooperatives, for example, will engage local communities and strengthen the local economy. Rejuvenation of the ghats will improve their barren appearance by adding flora, while simultaneously maintaining ecological balance and maintaining the sacred landscape’s ethos. Public spaces should be reclaimed as peace plazas and meeting areas with the potential for growthand revitalization of the city’s culture. Heritage protection can serve as an empowering tool for local populations as well as a spiritual growth opportunity for visitors

SOCIO-CULTURE OF PUSHKAR Elements Of Socio-Cultural Environment

SOCIO-CULTURE Sociocultural involves the social and cultural aspects of human environment History and Beliefs

Religion

Demographic

Trade

Family Structure

Language

EMPOWERMENT .....culture, cultural

mixing and production of modernity

CHANGES .....the social, legal and

political organisation of society and its transformation

Social Organization

Class Structure Source: freepik.com

LEGACIES .....beliefs, customs, heritage and historical background

Ways of the Cultural Expression

SOCIO- CULTURE STRUCTURE OF PUSHKAR

Age distribution

Language

SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Language, power and development Popular art and the international market of art Illiteracy and community-based development

History and Heriatge

various

cultural

Influence of the cultural innovation in the image of the country abroad

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Focuses on symbolism and values of the society

Cultural Traditions Intertwining components

Population size and rate of growth

Religion

It is relevant to how people function socially within the culture that surround them, today and in the past

Wealth and Income disparities

Comparative study of ways in which people live in different social and cultural environment

Social Cohesion

The study of customs, economics, political organizations, religion

Trade mobility and attitude to work

Cultural Mixing Intertwining components

various

cultural

Influence of the cultural innovation in the image of the country abroad

Values and Beliefs

Customs

CHRONOLOGICAL MAP GRAPH 45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 Mythological Era

1000 - 1400 AD

400 - 900 AD

1900 - 2000 AD

1500 - 1900 AD

Graph represents the sudden development of structures from 1000 - 1400 AD.

CHRONOLOGICAL MAP Map showing the chronological order of buildings, communities, spaces evolved in due course of time. The study of historical records to establish the period of past years.

The mythological era had the ancient structures with unknown dayes Mythological Era

Sudden development of temples and heritage places took place in the 1000 1400 AD

400 - 900 AD 1000 - 1400 AD

After mughals destroyed many temples, the Rajputs again built those temples.

1500 - 1900 AD 1900 - 2000 AD

Source: Sanrakshan Heritage Consultants, New Delhi

Many of these fall under Heritage Category that are preserved.

Heritage Grade 3 EMOTIONAL VALUE

ASI Protected

Wonder Identity Continuity/ Integrity Spiritual/ Religious Symbolic Value Historic Age

CULTURAL VALUE

Scarcity Landscape Townscape Aesthetic/ Symbolic Technical Value Scientific Value

USE VALUE

Functional Value Economical Value Social Value Educational Value Political Value

Source: Sanrakshan Heritage Consultants, New Delhi

Public Value

Rangji Temple

Pushkar Palace

Mosque

Heritage Grade 2

Gayatri Temple

Heritage Grade 1

Savitri Temple

Brahma Temple

HERITAGE VALUE MAP

DAILY LIFE ON PUSHKAR GHATS Social, religious and Cultural activities that are part of daily routine of Pushkar around the lake Pushkar Lake is revered by Hindus as the holiest lake on the country. The Hindu Tirtha Yatra, or pilgrimage, is regarded to be incomplete without a visit at this lake. Over 500 temples, and 52 bathing ‘ghats,’ which are a set of steps up to the lake, encircle the lake. The Pushkar Lake is the centre of people’s lives in Pushkar. The importance of the lake is a dominant component in people’s lifestyle and culture, from day to day activities to festivities. Pushkar Lake is significant for both locals and tourists in terms of social interaction and important town events.

Ghats during Morning

Ghats during Afternoon

Ghats during Evening

The early morning starts with bathing activity at ghats then followed with pooja.

Temples are closed in afternoon, pilgrims prefer waiting at ghats.

In evening people play music or sing and enjoy their evening at Jaipur ghat.

Morning walk around the lake is quite common among the locals. The most active ghats are Brahma ghat, Tarani ghat, Varah ghat, Gau ghat.

They perform or do some small activities to keep themselves entertain, like playing music, chatting, taking bath etc. Ghats have some small shops related to religious activities and fish food to feed fishes in Holy Lake.

People generally come to ghats for sunset view in the evening both the locals and foreign tourist. In evening just before the sunset, aartis start at five main ghats. The aartis start from Gau ghat.

Busy Intensity of Usage Source: Author

Worshipping Points

Holy Dip Points

Sunset View Point

Foreign Tourist cluster Points

Morning walk route of people High usage area during day

High usage area during evening

Movement pattern along the ghats

Brahma and Savitri Ghat

Varah Ghat

Jaipur Ghat Source: Author

PROPOSAL FOR GHATS

Gazebo providing a better view of lake Extended deck along the ghats acta viewpoint Green space to enhance liveliness of the ghats

Exhibition of Culture

Sacred Character Accessibility

Shade and Comfort

Social Cohesion

Enhancing for Locals Religious

Serene

Protection of Publicness

Enlivening Relationship to Water

Connect to Precinct Parikarma path

Green patches along the Ghats

Gazebos as spaces for relaxing and social interaction

Pause points in the Ghats

The infrasturcture is adapted to the native architectural elements and existing cultural heritage. To cater the tourism in the city, the lake front properties act as a hub of tourist amenities as well as social and economic infrastructure. A confluence of the local culture and tourist amenities will make this a socially active space. Adding green elements to the Ghats will enhance the liveliness to it.

PROPOSAL FOR WEEKLY FEST Proposal for a space for holding a Weekly Fest near the Mela Ground of Pushkar. The spaces is designed to hold a mini Mela every week so as to decrease the tourist influx load on the host community when the annual Pushkar Mela is held in November. . The design aims to provide the Kalbeliya community with a livelihood even during the other times of the year by providing a space for their performances and showcasing their craftsmanship. The space can also be used for other purposes of festivities and celebrations. It is a multi-funtional space that can accommodate even wedding ceremonies and the like.

AREA: 5.7 acres. LAND USE: Other Community Facilities, Public & Semipublic.

The space also has opportunities for setting up shops and inducing commercial-cumrecreational activities during the Fest.

Saptotsav

SAPTOTSAV: UTSAV SAAL BHAR

0 5 10

20m

JODHPUR

05 Revitalization of the heritage core in walled city of old Jodhpur by enhancing recreation that can aid in the preservation of the walled city’s historical identity.

Some of the challenges in preserving Jodhpur’s character include the diversity of interests, significant encroachment on public spaces, poor maintenance of heritage structures and weak and inadequate local legislation. Site planning and management should take into account what is deemed non-essential information, such as the hidden significance of rituals and the sacredness assigned to nature that may be seen in everyday behaviours, such that a new cultural approach encourages the use of nonessential knowledge. Vending cooperatives, for example, will engage local communities and strengthen the local economy. Rejuvenation of the lake will improve its barren appearance by adding flora, while simultaneously maintaining ecological balance and maintaining the sacred landscape’s ethos. Public spaces are reclaimed as peace plazas and meeting areas with the potential for growth and revitalization of the city’s culture. Heritage protection serve as an empowering tool for local populations as well as a economic growth opportunity for visitors. Analyzing the issues in the preceding case studies of historical cities and towns reveals that a clear typological approach to management and regulation is required for optimal use of the potential. The recreational potential of historical cities like Jodhpur is a critical aspect in sustaining their cultural character and supporting their financial growth.

ACROSS THE RAJASTHAN

THE SELECTED SITE DELHI

MEHRAGARH FORT BIKANER

BIKANER

JAISALMER

JAIPUR

JAISALMER JODHPUR

AJMER

JODHPUR

SITE BOUNDARY

BUNDI

UDAIPUR

MAJOR CITIES

UDAIPUR

TOURIST ROUTE

MAJOR CITIES THAR FOREST COVER

MAJOR TOURIST ATTRACTIONS

PRIMARY ROAD

Rajasthan lies in the northwestern section of the country and encompasses practically the whole Thar desert. It is India’s biggest state, covering 342.239 square kilometres and noted for its rich history of forts, culture, and real traditionalism. The state was founded when the British incorporated the historic territory of Rajputana (Jaipur, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Bundi, Udaipur, and Jaisalmer), which was ruled by the six Rajput kingdoms.. 359, 572

JAISALMER FORT

JAISALMER

MEHRANGARH FORT

JODHPUR

LAKE PALACE

UDAIPUR

AMBER FORT

BUNDI

AMBER FORT

JAIPUR

Day visitors

1,018,449

Domestic visitors

75, 300

Foreign visitors

1, 453, 321

Total visitors

Urban sites under survey

Rural sites under survey

Jodhpur, once the capital of the former princely state of Marwar, is now the second largest city of Rajasthan. Flanked on its western side by the Mehrangarh Fort, and on the eastern side by the stately sandstone Palace of Umaid Bhawan; the monuments temples and gardens of Jodhpur depict a multi-faceted grandeur.

DELHI

1, 450, 716 VISITORS

TOORJI KA JHALRA

GULAB SAGAR LAKE

The city of Jodhpur has undergone a strong population growth in the years 70-80, exceeding the threshold of one milliom inhabitants in 2000. Going in seach of living standards higher, the wealthy people began to prefer the area of outisde the walls as a place to live, leaving the old town to the people belonging to disadvantaged social mediumlow. This trend has meant that the municipality has never worried about the the condition of the old town.

MARWAR

Region

MANDORE

Ancinet Capital

22850 sq km.

Area

1459

Foundation

3.8 kms

Historic Core

BLUE CITY

Other Name

MAHILA BAGH KA JHALRA

SARDAR MARKET CLOCK TOWER

NAI SARAK

Geographical Area (In Square km.) 22,850

Population 36,87,165 (Persons), 19,23,928 (Males), 17,63,237 (Females)

Population Density 161 (Persons per Sq. km.)

Total Number of Households 6,26,578

Literacy Rate (In %age) 65.94 (Persons)

Sex Ratio 916 (Females per 1000 Males)

FIGURE GROUND

78%

Built-Up Area

LAND USE MAPPING

22%

Open Area

OPEN SPACES MAP

HERITAGE MAPPING

38%

Residential

28%

Commericial

Recreational

10% 15%

Public & Semi-Public Mixed-Use

BUILT-USE MAPPING

82%

Built-Up Area

Site

Heritage Structures

18%

Open Spaces

Lake

Chowks

Residential

Religious Places

Restaurant

Street Market/ Shops

Open Greens

Store/ Shops

Clothing Market

Lake

Institutional

Stepwell

Hotels

Majority of the Built use falls under the mixed use category as compared to the land use.

There are many temples and other religious places within the residential area

The only open spaces within the built form are the Sardar Market and the Gulab Sagar Lake

There is a wide variety of commercial use in the entire site.

ACTIVITY MAPPING INTENSITY OF TOURISTS/ LOCALS

ACTIVITY MAPPING OF SARDAR MARKET DAY TIME There is less commotion in the morning. The market is where street sellers set their shop. Locals can be seen buying their everyday necessities from these sellers. Tourists who do not have any activities to engage in are spotted browsing the neighbourhood and visiting prominent shops in quest of Rajasthani apparel and food shops.

Tourist Intensity

Route followed by tourist

Local people Intensity

Route followed by locals

NIGHT TIME

Throughout the day, the number of tourists is about equal to the number of residents. Locals are seen doing their normal shopping, while tourists come to experience the bustling Sardar Market and the diversity it has to offer. Tourists visit the Clock Tower before moving on to Toorji ka Jhalra and Gulab Sagar Lake, which are also close. There are various cafes en route to popular tourist destinations.

The situation, on the other hand, is entirely different. After daytime hours, the market is entirely transformed into a hive of street vendors selling everyday necessities to the locals.

BREAKING OF SCALE

DAY TIME

Students Localites

Tourists Students Local people

Local people Tourists Vendors

Tourists also avoid visiting adjacent historical sites during these hours due to a lack of facilities and the fact that they are less pleasant at night.

Vendors/ Traders Unemployed

People engaged in shopping Teenager

Adults

Elderly

The street sellers have begun to set up their markets. Vendors of vegetables and other hawkers can be seen all across the market. When compared to visitors, locals go to the market in enormous numbers. Tourists just come to see the famous shops and the vista of the Clock Tower.

NIGHT TIME By night, the market has devolved into a horde of street sellers and hawkers. A large number of people flock to this market. At night, the number of tourists is significantly lower. Locals, either shopkeepers or buyers, may usually be found out late at night.

Tourist passing by

Children

EVENING

Tourist shopping

Locals passing by

Tourist passing by

Entry/ exit

Locals shopping

People Movement Vehicles parked

Figure 8.15 - Activity Map Source- Author

NOISE MAPPING

AMENITIES

Street Hawkers Street hawkers may be seen all along the edge of the Sardar Market. They erect temporary constructions that remain in place throughout the day, disrupting the market’s appearance.

Vehicular Congestion There is considerable traffic congestion on the roads here at all times of the day. Pedestrian mobility is disrupted on all sides by automobile traffic.

Pedestrian People at the market choose to stroll on the roadways rather than the pedestrian walkway. There are a few pedestrian paths across the site, and the ones that do exist are poorly defined. Figure 8.13 - Noise Map

Source- Author

noisy

less quiet

quiet

Noise levels were recorded in all areas of the site. The volume of noise was measured, and it was observed that the two main sources of noise are vehicles and humans. Vehicles caused the most noise stress, whereas hawkers and pedestrians in the market caused the smallest. The Sardar Market had a high intensity of noise, the streets adjacent had a medium intensity, and the residential streets were fairly quiet, per the noise level mapping.

Figure 8.14 - Amenities Map Source- Author

Drainage & Waste Disposal

Signage

Seating spaces

At the location, there are no adequate drains. In addition, the waste disposal system is inadequate. There are no dumpsters on the premises. At the facility, waste is disposed of in several locations.

There are no signages in the area. Only the shops have their names marked. There is no way finding through the signages.

There are no seats or sitting areas on the site. Shop’s edges and steps are popular places to sit. Outside, shopkeepers sit in their own chairs.

OPPORTUNITIES AT SITE Historical value of Toorji Ka Jhalra

1. Potential for development on open spaces and green spaces.

Recreation at Gulab Sagar Lake

2. Provide safe and pleasant pedestrian connections. 3. Rethink Sardar Market as a Cultural Heritage, enhancing visual and physical access to and from the neighboring areas. 4. Use the existing heritage layer in and around the ridge to provide heritage walks and circuits. 5. Providing high quality recreational opportunities in and

Open space at Mahila Bagh Ka Jhalra

along the heritage core and promote more people to acknowledge the existence of the historical layer. 6. The nearby recreational areas such as Gulab Sagar Lake can act as potential footfall carrier for the Clock Tower area. 7. Spaces at heritage structures like Gulab Sagar Lake and Mahila Bagh ka Jhalra can be developed for public to enhance the value of heritage structures. 8. There is an intimacy and sense of belonging to the place 9. It is a “Places for people”- being easily accessible 10. The site is permeable, all important locations within the site are at a walking distance 11. Presence of many historic structures at the site

Architectural value of Clock Tower

12. Architectural value of Clock Tower 13. The majestic view of Mehrangarh Fort from the site 14. Natural aesthetic view of Gulab Sagar Lake 15. Historical Value of Toorji ka Jhalra

Historic Sites

Lake Front

Connecting route

Cultural Market

Open Spaces

Street Market

DESIGN CONCEPT AND STRATEGIES STRATEGIES AT SITE LEVEL

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

SPECIAL FEATURE Attractive nodes and special attractions in design

PASSIVE RECREATION Public seating spaces

DESIRE LINES

ACTIVE RECREATION

Clear space for pedestrian access and flow.

Leisure activities and shopping

COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY SPACE

Street vendors organsied allong the alley

Open space for public activities

PATH DEVELOPMENT

Promote community identity - A “sense of place” gives communities a unique character, enhances appeal for visitors and creates pride in the community. Conserve natural resources and landscapes - Designing development with the surrounding natural world also in mind reduces air and water pollution, protects property values, preserves agricultural and natural systems and encourages people’s connection to those systems. Vibrant landscapes can provide diverse recreational opportunities for residents and visitors.

WATERBODY REJUVENATION

PLACE MAKING

PEDESTRIAN-FRIENDLY

RIVERFRONT RECREATION

ADDING PAUSE POINTS

Continuity + Sidewalk amenities + Street vendors

Pedestrian-friendly + Leisure facilities + Scenic beauty

Sitting spaces + Benches along the edges

MIXED-USE OF STREETS

AMENITIES AT LAKE

PUBLIC REALM LINKAGES

More activities in the plaza + Segregation of activities

Sitting spaces + Lighting + Safety + Parking

Social spaces + Heritage/ Culture

Plan for mixed uses - Integrating land uses that work well together, such as retail, residential and green space, and separating land uses that don’t, such as manufacturing and downtown retail, creates vibrant, pedestrianfriendly and diverse communities. Preserve the community’s core - Restoring, revitalizing and infilling Main Streets and downtowns takes advantage of existing streets, services and buildings, avoiding the need for new infrastructure. Create shared social and public spaces - Citizens need welcoming, well-defined public places to stimulate face-to-face interaction, collectively, encourage civic participation and gather for public events.

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES

STRATEGIES

OBJECTIVES

• Simplify the geometry of intersection

• To connect the heritage structures, open spaces, markets, craft communities.

• Improve the movement

• To allocate spaces for pedestrians and street vendors.

transport

• Improve pedestrian space

• To upkeep the traditional character of the old city along the streets.

• Appropriate green space

• To ensure lively edges along the corridor.

• Enhance the value heritage structures

• To re-organize the traffic to accomodate with the narrow street giving the priority to the pedestrians.

Waterbodies rejuvenation

improving passive recreational activities near the lake

Improved Pedestrian path

creating sufficiently wide sidewalks

connecting heritage structures

Improved road network preventing traffic congestion at nodes

creating improved road network that prevents collision of traffic

TOOLKIT FOR PROPOSAL AT GULAB SAGAR LAKE AND SARDAR MARKET The toolkit offers design guidelines for 10 elements listed below suitable in different urban settings. The urban settings have been defined as

Bracket mounted signage for roads and shops Text and directional arrows on brown and blue background maybe painted on steel plate/ FRP or vinyl stickers can be used.

Seating benches and spaces

Seating spaces provided with shading pergola to relieve from the sun heat. Benches are provided near to pedestrian path.

Street Vendors Platform

Space for street vendors allocated on the path. Raised vending platforms of 600 mm in an organzied way and similar structure with storage and lighting facility

S. No.

Element

Quantity

Shades

20-30

Vending kiosks

150

Drinking water stations

Garbage bins

Information panel

Signage

60-70

Street Light

70-80

Solar Panels

Fixed benches with shade

Fixed benches with lighting

Seating benches

Benches around trees

Pergola

Bollards

Fixed garbage bins

Garbage bins provided at every entry, exit points, ticketing areas, at least three numbers in walk ways and parking areas. Separate dustbin for biodegredable and plastic waste segregation.

Information panel with pedestal base

Information panels provided for toursists, on a pedestal base near the heritage spots and along the heritage walk.

Lamp Post with Solar Panels

Lamp post along with solar panels provided to give the place adequate amount of light after evening hours. The lighting fixtures are also attached to trellis and signages near the road.

Figure 8.18 - Proposals

Source- Author

Streets

Structures

Lake

Stepwell

PROPOSAL FOR SARDAR MARKET

BEFORE

AFTER Space for street vendors allocated on the central axis to avoid the vendors covering up the facade of the shops in the market.. Raised vending platforms with semi-permanent structures are provided.

Lamp post with mounted brackets and solar panels are provided in front of the shops to enhance aesthetic value of the market. The vendor enroachment in front of the shops is replaced by the new alloted space for them.

PROPOSAL FOR GULAB SAGAR LAKE GREEN EDGE ALONG THE LAKE

SEATING SPACES AND PAUSE POINTS

BOATING RIDE POINT

Providing seating spaces in between the spaces near the periphery wall, along with trellis for shade to protect from sun heat.

The Gulab Sagar Lake is redesigned with proposals including the infrasturcture that is adapted to the native architectural elements and existing cultural heritage. To cater the tourism in the city, the lake front properties act as a hub of tourist amenities as well as social and economic infrastructure. A confluence of the local culture and tourist amenities will make this a socially active space. Adding green elements to the lake edge will enhance the liveliness to it.