5#Believer
The 14th Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso The 14th Dalai Lama (Religious name: Tenzin Gyatso, shortened from Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, born Lhamo Dondrub, 6 July 1935) is the 14th and current Dalai Lama. Dalai Lamas are the most influential figure in the Gelugpa sect of Tibetan Buddhism, although the 14th has controversially consolidated control over the other sects in recent years. He is also well known for his political activities relating to the Tibetan independence movement, although he has recently moderated his stance. Tibetans traditionally believe him to be the reincarnation of his predecessors and a manifestation of the Buddha of Compassion. The Dalai Lama was born in Taktser, Qinghai and was selected as the rebirth of the 13th Dalai Lama two years later, although he was only formally recognized as the 14th on 17 November 1950, at the age of 15. He inherited control over a government controlling an area roughly corresponding to the Tibet Autonomous Region just as the nascent People's Republic of China wished to reassert central control over it. The respective governments reached an agreement for a joint Communist-Lamaist administration that lasted until 1959. During the 1959 Tibetan uprising, which China regards as an uprising of feudal landlords, but the Dalai Lama regards as an expression of widespread discontent, the Dalai Lama fled to India, where he denounced the People's Republic and established a government in exile. A charismatic speaker, he has since traveled the world, proselytizing for Tibetan independence and Tibetan Buddhism, though his role in the former is diminishing. He has spoken about such topics as abortion, economics, firearms, and sexuality, and has attracted controversy for his treatment of Dorje Shugden followers, his relationship with the CIA, and other things.
Smiling Buddha (Buddha Tersenyum) adalah sebuah nama sandi yang merujuk pada uji coba ledakan nuklir pertama yang dilakukan India. Uji coba ini dilakukan pada 18 Mei 1974 di Pokhran, dan merupakan uji coba nuklir pertama yang dikonfirmasi dilakukan oleh negara di luar lima anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB.Pada 7 September 1972, Perdana Menteri India Indira Gandhi memberikan izin kepada ilmuwan pada Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) untuk membuat peralatan nuklir yang telah mereka rancang sebelumnya, dan menyiapkannya untuk sebuah uji coba. Peralatan yang akan diuji coba ini secara resmi disebut "Ledakan Nuklir Damai", namun biasanya disebut Smiling Buddha.Kepala dari tim pengembang adalah Raja Ramanna. Anggota penting lainnya adalah P.K. Iyengar, Rajagopala Chidambaram, dan Nagapattinam Sambasiva Venkatesan. Proyek ini hanya terdiri dari tak lebih 75 ilmuwan dan insinyur selama 1967-1974. Kecilnya jumlah anggota tim bertujuan untuk menjaga kerahasiaan. Peralatan yang digunakan merupakan sistem implosi berdaya ledak tinggi yang dikembangkan di Laboratorium Penelitian Balistik Terminal milik DRDO di Chandigarh, berdasarkan desain nuklir Amerika Serikat dari Perang Dunia II, namun lebih sederhana. 6 kg plutonium yang digunakan berasal dari reaktor CIRUS di BARC. Inisiator neutron yang digunakan adalah jenis Polonium-Berilium (sama seperti yang digunakan pada bom Fat Man yang dijatuhkan di Nagasaki), yang diberi kode "Flower" ("Bunga"). Bagian inti yang lengkap dibuat di Trombay sebelum diangkut ke tempat ujicoba.Peralatan yang sudah dipasang dengan lengkap memiliki penampang melintang segienam, memiliki diameter 1.25 meter dan berat 1400 kg. Peralatan ini didetonasikan pada pukul 8.05 pagi, dalam lubang bawah tanah 107 m dibawah daerah uji coba Angkatan Darat di Pokhran, Gurun Thar, Rajasthan. Menurut laporan resmi, ledakan tersebut berkekuatan 12 kiloton (kt) TNT, tapi perkiraan pakar berkisar antara 2 kt hingga 20 kt. Operasi ini sangat dirahasiakan oleh India. Perdana Menteri saat itu, Indira Gandhi, bahkan tidak hadir di Pokhran demi merahasiakan operasi ini hingga saat terakhir. Dari anggota kabinetnya, hanya penasihat keamanan dan sekretaris pribadinya yang mengetahui uji coba ini. Pada 18 Mei 1974, setelah uji coba ini sukses, Raja Ramanna hendak memberi tahu berita kesuksesan ini kepada Gandhi yang berada di Delhi. Sayangnya jalur telepon yang digunakan rusak, hingga ia terpaksa menelepon dari telepon rumah di desa sekitar dan konon berkata, "Bu, akhirnya Buddha telah tersenyum" (merujuk pada nama kode percobaan ini).�Smiling Buddha" (Inggris: "Buddha yang Tersenyum") dipilih sebagai nama sandi dari proyek ini karena 18 Mei 1974 bertepatan dengan Buddha Jayanti, hari raya peringatan kelahiran Siddharta Gautama. Selain itu, "Smiling Buddha" merujuk kepada Maitreya atau Hotei, yang sering dianggap pemberi nasib baik.Uji coba ini merupakan uji coba nuklir pertama yang dikonfirmasi dilakukan oleh negara di luar lima anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB. India tidak melakukan uji coba nuklir lagi hingga Operasi Shakti di tahun 1998. Akibat lain dari uji coba ini adalah pembentukan Kelompok Penyedia Nuklir (Nuclear Suppliers Group, NSG), atau Klub London.Pada 1975, ketua Komisi Energi Atom Himi Sethna, Raja Ramanna and ketua DRDO Nag Chaudhuri menerima Padma Vibhushan - penghargaan kedua tertinggi bagi warga sipil di India. Lima anggota proyek yang lain menerima Padma Shri - penghargaan sipil tertinggi keempat.Reaktor CIRUS yang digunakan untuk memproduksi plutonium dalam percobaan ini berdasarkan desain NRX dan disumbangkan Kanada kepada India pada 1960, dan air berat disediakan oleh AS ("CIRUS" = Canada-India Reactor U.S.). Hal ini menyebabkan kemarahan publik Kanada, dan pemerintah Kanada memutuskan menghentikan pertukaran teknologi dan bahan nuklir dengan India sesaat setelah uji coba ini.
Smiling Buddha
The PietĂ (1499) is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture by the renowned artist Michelangelo Buonarroti, housed in St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. It is the first of a number of works of the same theme by the artist. The statue was commissioned for the French cardinal Jean de Billheres, who was a representative in Rome. The statue was made for the cardinal's funeral monument, but was moved to its current location, the first chapel on the right as one enters the basilica, in the 18th century. This famous work of art depicts the body of Jesus on the lap of his mother Mary after the Crucifixion. The theme is of Northern origin, popular by that time in France but not yet in Italy. Michelangelo's interpretation of the PietĂ is unique to the precedents. It is an important work as it balances the Renaissance ideals of classical beauty with naturalism. The statue is one of the most highly finished works by Michelangelo.
The PietĂ by Michelangelo Buonarroti
Bruno Gore aka Nox french illustrator and concept artist, and member of Massiveblack inc.
Uncredible is the opposite of Incredible, meaning that something is so completely abysmal as to defy any sort of description. Also can be used in sarcastic remarks, so as to say something that slips past most people's notice, but listeners might catch. A companion word to Underwhelming.
The Uncredible
Subcomandante Marcos
Subcomandante Marcos (Date of birth unknown), is the spokesperson for the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), a Mexican rebel movement. In January 1994, he led an army of Mayan farmers into the eastern parts of the Mexican state of Chiapas in protest of the Mexican government's treatment of indigenous peoples. Marcos is an author, political poet, adroit humorist, and outspoken opponent of capitalism. Marcos has advocated having the Mexican constitution amended to recognize the rights of the country's indigenous inhabitants. The internationally known guerrillero has been described as a "new" and "postmodern" Che Guevara. The nom de guerre "Marcos" is the name of a friend killed at a military road checkpoint. He is known as Delegado Cero (Delegate Zero) in matters concerning the Other Campaign. He is only seen wearing a balaclava, and his true identity remains unknown.
Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), was a Han Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. His theoretical contribution to Marxism-Leninism, military strategies, and his brand of Communist policies are now collectively known as Maoism. Mao remains a controversial figure to this day, with a contentious and ever-evolving legacy. He is officially held in high regard in China as a great revolutionary, political strategist, military mastermind, and savior of the nation. Many Chinese also believe that through his policies, he laid the economic, technological and cultural foundations of modern China, transforming the country from an agrarian society into a major world power. Additionally, Mao is viewed as a poet, philosopher, and visionary, owing the latter primarily to the cult of personality fostered during his time in power. Mao's portrait continues to be featured prominently on Tiananmen and on all Renminbi bills.
Mao Zedong
Conversely, Mao's social-political programs, such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, are blamed for costing millions of lives, causing severe famine and damage to the culture, society and economy of China. Mao's policies and political purges from 1949 to 1976 are widely believed to have caused the deaths of between 40 to 70 million people. Since Deng Xiaoping assumed power in 1978, many Maoist policies have been abandoned in favour of economic reforms. Mao is regarded as one of the most influential figures in modern world history,[6] and named by Time Magazine as one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century.
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, and others, designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of the mouse-driven graphical user interface which led to the creation of the Macintosh. After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he has served as its CEO since 1997. In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd which was spun off as Pixar Animation Studios. He remained CEO and majority shareholder until its acquisition by the Walt Disney company in 2006. Jobs is currently a member of Disney's Board of Directors. Jobs' history in business has contributed much to the symbolic image of the idiosyncratic, individualistic Silicon Valley entrepreneur, emphasizing the importance of design and understanding the crucial role aesthetics play in public appeal. His work driving forward the development of products that are both functional and elegant has earned him a devoted following. Jobs is listed as either primary inventor or co-inventor in over 230 awarded patents or patent applications related to a range from actual computer and portable devices to user interfaces (including touch-based), speakers, keyboards, power adapters, staircases, clasps, sleeves, lanyards and packages.
Steve Jobs
Stephen William Hawking (born 8 January 1942) is an English theoretical physicist and cosmologist, whose scientific books and public appearances have made him an academic celebrity. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and in 2009 was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. Hawking was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge for thirty years, taking up the post in 1979 and retiring on 1 October 2009.[5][6] He is also a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and a Distinguished Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario. He is known for his contributions to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity, especially in the context of black holes. He has also achieved success with works of popular science in which he discusses his own theories and cosmology in general; these include the runaway best seller A Brief History of Time, which stayed on the British Sunday Times bestsellers list for a record-breaking 237 weeks. Hawking's key scientific works to date have included providing, with Roger Penrose, theorems regarding gravitational singularities in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes should emit radiation, which is today known as Hawking radiation (or sometimes as Bekenstein–Hawking radiation). Hawking has a neuro-muscular dystrophy that is related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a condition that has progressed over the years and has left him almost completely paralysed.
Stephen Hawking