Language Homework Assignments: Level 7 - Ages 11-12 by Teacher Superstore

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synonyms and homonyms!

verbs and s! e ctiv adje

RIC-0300 4.5/101

ph a or bet de ic r! a l

Language Homework Assignments – Level 7 Language Homework Assignments is a series of seven books for the primary school years. Each homework sheet deals with a language skill specific to that year level, making it easy to link homework to what has been taught in the classroom. The homework sheets are aimed at a four-term year with nine exercises for each term. Each set of skills is followed by a review sheet which checks the concepts, skills and content covered in the term’s work. The review sheet may be done as a test or as revision exercises with the children able to look back at previous work. A combination of these approaches could be used. The basic work on each sheet is followed by a ‘Challenge’ section which is more difficult. Most words can be found in the abridged dictionaries common in primary schools but a few words in these ‘Challenge’ sections may need reference to a more comprehensive dictionary. Answers have been provided for your convenience. Most exercises have brief answers so the homework can be worked through easily and quickly. An individual student record sheet has been provided and can be glued into homework file/book to communicate progress to parents.

Contents Page © R . I . C . P u bl i cat i ons Individual Student Record ii Vocabulary Extension Plurals •f 1u Prefixes and Suffixes o r r e v i e w p r p o s e sonl y• 2 Dictionary Skills – Rhyming Words

Page

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Idioms – Colloquialisms ............................................................ 23

Homphones ............................................................................................... 3

Adverbs – Manner ........................................................................... 24

Parts of Speech – Adjectives .................................................... 4

Editing Skills – Common Language Errors ........... 25

Prefixes ............................................................................................................. 5

Index Skills – Atlas ........................................................................... 26

Newspaper Search ............................................................................. 6

Adverb Phrases ................................................................................... 27

Vocabulary Extension ..................................................................... 7

Similes ........................................................................................................... 28

Suitable Verbs .......................................................................................... 8

Alliteration ............................................................................................... 29

Etymology – Word Derivation ............................................... 9

Review ......................................................................................................... 30

Review ......................................................................................................... 10

Parts of Speech ................................................................................... 31

Spelling Rule: ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ ................................................................... 11

Figurative Language – Metaphors ............................... 32

Vocabulary Extension .................................................................. 12

Subject and Predicate ................................................................. 33

Spelling – Dictionary Skills ..................................................... 13

Indirect and Direct Speech ..................................................... 34

Cause and Effect ................................................................................ 14

Clauses – Phrases ............................................................................. 35

Parts of Speech .................................................................................... 15

Editing Skills – Language Areas ....................................... 36

Dictionary Skills – Synonyms .............................................. 16

Crosspatch – Abstract Nouns ............................................. 37

Reading Comprehension ......................................................... 17

Adjectival Clauses – Context Clues ............................... 38

Antonyms – Vocabulary Extension ............................... 18

Reading Comprehension ......................................................... 39

Parts of Speech – Adverbs ....................................................... 19

Review ......................................................................................................... 40

Review ......................................................................................................... 20

Answers .......................................................................................... 41 – 42

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–i–

Individual Student Record Name: Concept 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Date

Comment

Signature

Plurals Dictionary Skills – Rhyming Words Homophones Parts of Speech – Adjectives Prefixes Newspaper Search Vocabulary Extension Suitable Verbs Etymology – Word Derivation Review Spelling Rule: ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ Vocabulary Extension Spelling – Dictionary Skills Cause and Effect Parts of Speech Dictionary Skills – Synonyms Reading Comprehension Antonyms – Vocabulary Extension Parts of Speech – Adverbs Review Vocabulary Extension Prefixes and Suffixes Idioms – Colloquialisms Adverbs – Manner Editing Skills – Common Language Errors Index Skills – Atlas Adverb Phrases Similes Alliteration Review Parts of Speech Figurative Language – Metaphors Subject and Predicate Indirect and Direct Speech Clauses – Phrases Editing Skills – Language Areas Crosspatch – Abstract Nouns Adjectival Clauses – Context Clues Reading Comprehension Review

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– ii –

Plurals Name:

Due Date: With most words in the English language we form the plural by merely adding ‘s’ – For example, boy – boys, bag – bags. However, there are other ways.

1. Take the singular nouns in the box, make them plural and then write them under the correct column as shown in the examples. You may need your dictionary to check some plurals.

foot, valley, display, ash, salmon, father-in-law, tomato, cod, studio, son-in-law, goose, donkey, coat of mail, sheep, tooth, trout, cargo, maid-of-honour, louse, witch, loss, solo, child, moose, passer-by

Change of word

Add 'es' for plural

Plural same as singular

Add 's' to singular

man – men

box – boxes

deer – deer

paper – papers

Challenge! 1. Give two of your own examples for each column above. My examples: Column

A B C D E

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–1–

Dictionary Skills – Rhyming Words Name:

Due Date: The words in brackets below show how the words outside the brackets are pronounced. For example, great (grat); kick (kik); knight (nit).

1. Circle the correct answers in the brackets. You may need your dictionary to find how to pronounce the words in bold print.

Great

(a) A festival is a fete which rhymes with (sheet, wet, gate). (b) A floating marker is a buoy which rhymes with (crew, toy, cry). (c) A sledge is a sleigh which rhymes with (prey, flee, buy). (d) A drinking mug called a stein rhymes with (seen, pain, mine). (e) A strainer is a sieve which rhymes with (leave, give, dive). (f) To squeeze is to knead which rhymes with (bread, made, seed). (g) To pretend is to feign which rhymes with (seen, rain, sign).

(h) A herb is called thyme which rhymes with (rim, name, lime). (i) (j)

2. Use a dictionary to find some other words which are not pronounced as they read. Select three words, put them into sentences as above and see if your classmate can solve them.

(a)

which rhymes with (

)

(b)

which rhymes with (

)

(c)

which rhymes with (

)

Challenge! 1. Circle the correct answers in the brackets. (a) Cunning is a word for guile which rhymes with (rule, while, boil). (b) A layer is a tier which rhymes with (fire, bear, fear). (c) Elegantly smart is chic which rhymes with (week, this, like). (d) A successful action is a coup which rhymes with (loop, soap, shoe). (e) A group of soldiers is a corps which rhymes with (door, warps, hops). R.I.C. Publications

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–2–

Homophones Name:

Due Date: Homophones are words which have the same sound but are spelt differently and have different meanings. For example,

sale

sail

1. Complete the homophones below. See if you can complete all twenty! (a) bread

(k)

sow

(b) die

(l)

threw

(m) wine

(d) tail

(n) bore

(e) pain

(o) sight

(f) male

(p) fair

(g) bow

(q) due

(r)a hair © R. I . C.Publ i c t i ons (s)s rollso heel •f orr evi ew pur po e nl y•

(h) you (i)

(t)

(j) root

heart

2. Select the correct homophone from each bracket. (a) The (crews, cruise) ship drifted in the strong (current, currant). (b) He was sent off for a deliberate (fowl, foul) and couldn’t win the fairest and best (medal, meddle). (c) They walked down the (aisle, isle) towards the (throne, thrown).

Challenge! 1. A dictionary can be used to solve these homophones. (a)

sort

sou

(f)

(b)

time

(g) buyer

(c)

air

(h) freeze

fri

(d)

wheel

(i)

jeans

(e)

rough

(j)

nor

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straight

str

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–3–

Parts of Speech – Adjectives Name:

Due Date: An adjective is a word used to describe a noun or a word standing for a noun (a pronoun). For example, The boy is tall. (describes the noun ‘boy’) He is tall. (describes the pronoun ‘he’)

mournful, small, doleful, merry, tiny, unhappy, slight, happy, joyful, elated, sorrowful, minute, joyless, genial, dejected, diminutive, jubilant, miniature, jovial, petite, little, morose, gloomy, delighted 1. The words in the box above are all adjectives and can be separated into three groups according to their meaning. You should have eight words in each group.

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Challenge! 1. You will need your dictionary for these. There are four adjectives in each group. terse, vast, immense, succinct, titanic, magenta, vermilion, turquoise, gargantuan, curt, beige, concise Group 1

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–4–

Prefixes Name:

Due Date: A prefix is a syllable used at the beginning of a base word. For example, happy – unhappy. Many of our prefixes come from Latin or Greek words meaning a number. For example, quad = (4), deca – (10), uni – (1), and penta – (5).

1. Use your dictionary to find the meanings of the words above the boxes. Illustrate each word in its box.

(a)

unicycle

(d)

quadrant

(g)

decagon

(b)

decametre

(e)

quadruped

(h)

unicorn

decade

(f)

quadrille

2. Can you see the number connection in each word?

(i)

pentagon

Challenge!

1. Select three of the words and put each in a sentence which shows the word’s meaning. For example, The ten-metre line was a decametre long.

(a) (b) (c) R.I.C. Publications

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–5–

Newspaper Search Name:

Due Date:

1. From a newspaper, show examples (or extracts from examples) which fit under the subheadings below. Cut them out and glue them under the appropriate column. The paper’s index will help you. Editorial comment

Government information

An individual's service to community

European travel bargain

Birthday (teenager)

Alliteration

Trivia

Challenge! 1. Do a quick tally (

) of items which are ‘good’ news and those which are ‘bad’ news on a separate piece of paper. The headlines will help.

(a) What did you find? (b) What were the class results? R.I.C. Publications

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–6–

Vocabulary Extension Name:

Due Date:

1. Use your dictionary to find these words which all begin with ‘man’. Spelling must be correct.

(a)

mana

(b)

mand

(c)

mans

(d)

mand

: a musical instrument with several strings.

(e)

mang

: a tropical tree with many trunks.

(f)

mano

(g)

mant

: a loose, sleeveless cloak or cape.

(h)

man

: a book giving information.

(i) (j)

: handcuff for a prisoner : the jaw, especially the lower jaw. : a large impressive house.

: a planned movement of soldiers, warships etc.

: a model used to display clothes in shop windows. © R. I . C .Publ i cat i ons man : a small citrus fruit. •f orr evi ew pur posesonl y• mann

2. Write the ‘man’ words under the appropriate diagram.

man

Challenge! Some ‘man’ words are derived from the Latin word ‘manus’ meaning ‘hand’.

1. Use your dictionary to find three ‘man’ words which have this connection with the hand(s). For example, manual – ‘done with the hands.’

(a)

–‘

’

(b)

–‘

’

(c)

–‘

’

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–7–

Suitable Verbs Name:

Due Date: We use the common verbs ‘went’ and ‘walked’ in many of our sentences when we could use a better verb because it gives us, or the reader, a clearer picture.

1. Select the most suitable verb from the box to complete each sentence. No verb is to be used more than once.

edged, strutted, prowled, sneaked, plodded, spiralled, shuffled, strolled, roamed, toddled, sprinted, soared (a) The weary farmer (b) A tiny plane (c) Their baby son (d) His conceited friend

across a muddy field. to earth in the display. across the lounge room. around the dance floor. the oceans in search of plunder.

(e) The pirate (f) A tightrope walker

along the narrow cable.

(i) A happy couple (j) The escaping prisoner

hand in hand through the park. past the prison guards. into the clear blue sky.

(k) A huge jet (l) Two competing athletes

down the 100 metre track.

Challenge! 1. You may have to check meanings in the dictionary for these. plummeted, gambolled, sidled, eluded, rambled, sauntered (a) He shyly

up to his dancing partner.

(b) The newborn lambs

in the warm sunshine.

leisurely into the room.

(d) They lost their footing and (e) Several hikers (f) The convict R.I.C. Publications

from the top of a cliff. up the hills and down the valleys. the police who were trailing him. Language Homework Assignments

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–8–

Etymology – Word Derivation Name:

Due Date: Many words in the English language have come from other languages over hundreds of years.

1. Use your dictionary to find which language is the source of each word. Then draw a quick illustration to represent at least four of your answers.

Spanish matador: matar (to kill)

thermos: thermos (hot)

yacht: jacht (ship)

gorgias (beautiful)

karate: kara (empty) te (hand)

vehicle: vehere (to carry)

dunchon (to dip)

sombrero: sombra (shade)

Use your dictionary to complete three words as in the example below.

Word

mosquito

Language

Latin

Derived from R.I.C. Publications

Challenge!

musca (a fly) Language Homework Assignments

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–9–

Review Name:

Due Date:

1. Give plurals for the following singular nouns. (a) latch

(b) trout

2. Write your own word which rhymes with the following. (a) guile

(b) feign

3. Give three examples of homophones (e.g. wait –␣ weight). (a)

(b)

(c)

4. Circle the adjectives in this sentence. A helpful stranger carried the huge box of coloured flags. 5. Give examples of words with these prefixes. deca (10)

uni (1)

tri (3)

6. Under which newspaper heading would you find: (a)

(b) a complaint about the local bus service? 7. Complete these ‘man’ words. (a)

musical instrument

(c)

(b) tropical tree

a large house

(d) a cloak

8. Complete these sentences with suitable verbs. (a) The ship (b)

A tiny plane

(c)

The strong wind

from side to side. in to the blue sky. through the trees.

9. Use a dictionary to find the language from which these words are derived. (a)

entree

(d) cul-de-sac

(b)

century

(e)

enchilada

(f)

dinosaur

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– 10 –

Spelling Rule: ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ Name:

Due Date: In words where ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ are pronounced as ‘ee’ the letter ‘i’ usually comes before the ‘e’, except when situated immediately after a letter ‘c’. In words like weight, leisure and reign the rule doesn’t apply because the vowels in bold print do not have the ‘ee’ sound.

1. Follow the rule above and complete these phrases. (a)

the Indian ch

(b) to dec (c)

ve him k

a loud shr

(i)

a tiny p

(j)

(k)

a wall fr

ld a knife ze

(q) a world of dec

(r)

the farmer’s y

(s)

one br

(t)

please bel

f moment

(d) a written rec

(l)

a strange bel

(e)

a wooden sh

(m)

my pretty n

(u) rec

(f)

to ach

ve fame

(n)

a painted c

ling

(v)

(o)

full of conc

(w) a sudden rel

(g) get into misch

ve me

ve a gift

an escaped th

f f

(h) the church pr

(p)

a moment’s gr

(x)

to conc

ve a plan

2. Write your own ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ words on the lines. These letters must make the ‘ee’ sound. Most words can be formed from those used above by using your dictionary.

Challenge! 1. There are a few exceptions to this rule where the ‘ee’ sound is ‘ei’ even though there is no preceding ‘c’. Use your dictionary and the clues to find them.

(a)

(dam) t (forged)

(b) coun (c)

(d) n R.I.C. Publications

e (grab) er (not either)

(e)

d (eerie)

(f)

(a stimulant)

(g) pleb

n (vulgar, coarse)

(h) h

us (evil, wicked)

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– 11 –

Vocabulary Extension Name:

Due Date:

1. Complete the blank word squares below as in the example where the four answers interlock. A dictionary may be required. Spelling must be correct.

flower

R plant part

finishes

precious metal

shrub

toys

(a)

(b) palm fruit

farm animal

detest

boast

domesticated

donate

male deer

moist

(c)

(d) sand bank

spaces

raced

tablet

(e)

knife handle

(f)

slim fish

devours

terminates

fling

error

vessel

Challenge! 1. (a)

(b)

melody

biting insect

expectorate

toupees

marquee R.I.C. Publications

tepid

labyrinth

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– 12 –

Spelling – Dictionary Skills Name:

Due Date:

1. You will need your dictionary. Complete the correct spelling of the words in the boxes. The words name the diagrams above them. You may colour the diagrams for a better presentation.

(a)

(d)

min (b)

pte

(g)

(j)

tro

(e)

(h)

pre (k)

(c)

mac

(f)

(i)

moc

som

(l)

Challenge! 1. (a)

(b)

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– 13 –

Cause and Effect Name:

Due Date: In the example sentence below there are three actions. One action is in bold print because that action happened first and caused the others. He caught the snake after it bit him and he took it to his doctor.

1. Read these sentences and shade the action which happened first. (a) When the ball ended those who decorated the hall took down the balloons. (b) Damon earned his medal when he won the race though he started badly. (c) The food was tasty for the chef used herbs before he cooked it. (d) Aruna washed the plates after eating dessert and put them away. (e) Dimitri laughed and so did Kerry when the comedian told a joke. (f) The thief stole her bag and she fell as he rushed away. (g) Amy picked the flower she’d planted after she’d prepared the soil.

(h) Sophia’s results were good for she’d studied well before she took the tests. (i)

(j) The alarm woke Sarah so she rose early and ate her breakfast. (k) Dominique went to the bank and put in the money given to her on her birthday. (l) Alistair smiled when the teacher asked the question for he knew the answer.

Challenge! 1. Make up three sentences of your own where the first action is (a) at the start, (b) in the middle and (c) at the end.

(a) (b) (c)

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– 14 –

Parts of Speech Name:

Due Date: Many words cannot be defined as a noun, verb, adjective or adverb unless they are used in context (in a sentence). The word ‘iron’ can be several parts of speech depending on how it is used. For example, Please iron your own shirt. (verb) The iron fence was broken. (adjective) He found a piece of iron. (noun)

1. On each line, write down which part of speech applies to the word in bold print. The drink was hot and sweet.

(noun)

We drink tea every day.

(verb)

(a) We repaired the damaged fence. They fence with sharp-pointed swords. (b) Empty the water into the sink. We found an empty box.

(d) Dry those towels in the sun. A fine, dry day was promised for Saturday. (e) The well in the desert contained no water. She works well for most of the time. (f) Drive carefully on wet roads. Bushes were planted along their drive.

Challenge! 1. Use these words in your own sentences. (a) eight (as a noun) (b) eight (as an adjective) (c) direct (as a verb) (d) direct (as an adjective) (e) round (as a verb) (f) round (as a noun) R.I.C. Publications

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– 15 –

Dictionary Skills – Synonyms Name:

Due Date: Synonyms are words which have the same meaning. For example, big – large, fling – toss.

1. Give your own synonyms for these words. If a word is an adjective, its synonym will also be an adjective.

(a) space

(f) empty

(k)

slim

(b) hide

(g) grateful

(l)

sailor

(h) shine

(m) brave

(d) hated

(i)

join

(n) practise

(e) smiled

(j)

lifted

(o) damp

2. Three of the words in each line below are synonyms. Circle the word which isn’t. A dictionary can be used for some words.

(a) marsh

quagmire

oasis

bog

churlish

insolent

dormant

(e) amiable

jovial

joyless

genial

(f) eliminate

eradicate

duplicate

exterminate

Challenge! 1. Join the synonym pairs. (a) hostage •

• sheen

(b) fatigue •

• rebellion

• criminal

(d) pale

•

• nimble

(e) gloss

•

• buccaneer

(f) felon

•

• exhaustion

(g) spry

•

• pallid

(h) mutiny • R.I.C. Publications

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– 16 –

Reading Comprehension Name:

Due Date:

In May, 1787, the First Fleet sailed from Portsmouth in southern England to Australia to establish a colony on the eastern seaboard. The eleven ships included the ‘Sirius’ and ‘Supply’ and nine transport and store-ships. Captain Arthur Phillip, a naval officer destined to be the settlement’s first governor, commanded the fleet. Of the 750 convicts aboard about one third were women. They were a mixed group containing Britons, Americans, Canadians and Indians from various parts of the British Empire who had been sentenced in Britain. Many were only guilty of petty crimes and transportation was a solution to Britain’s crowded jails. Soldiers with the fleet would control the convicts who were threatened with death if they mutinied. Phillip later released those convicts who appeared to be capable of leading a law-abiding life. After calling at Tenerife, Rio de Janeiro and Capetown to pick up livestock and fresh provisions, Phillip sailed ahead with four of the fastest ships to prepare for the landing in Botany Bay. With the aid of Cook’s chart they sailed into the Endeavour’s old anchorage in January, 1788, but later moved north to the magnificent Sydney harbour where fresh water from the Tank Stream was available. 1. All the clues to your answers are in the passage above. (a)

(b) Give a word from the passage for ‘supplies’. (c)

(d) Which word describes cows, pigs, sheep, etc.? (e)

Who was the colony’s first governor?

(f)

Portsmouth is on England’s (south, west, north) coast.

(g) One of Britain’s serious problems was... (h) Which word means trivial, unimportant? (i)

Who maintained discipline on the voyage?

(j)

The convicts were all English? True or False?

Challenge 1. (a) Which explorer had been there before the First Fleet? (b) What was the name of his ship? (c) There were about 300 male convicts aboard. True or False? (d) What was found in Sydney harbour but not in Botany Bay? (e) Give another word from the passage for ‘map’. R.I.C. Publications

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– 17 –

Antonyms – Vocabulary Extension Name:

Due Date: An antonym is a word which is opposite in meaning to another word. For example, tall – short, full – empty.

1. From the box, find antonyms for the words in bold print in the sentences. Write your antonym on the line as shown in the example.

dissuade, condemn, meagre, expanded, abridged, seldom, irate, opaque, reticent, divulge, diminutive, temporary, fiasco The tall model was very successful. (a)

The book was lengthened for several reasons.

(b)

They selected the transparent sheet of plastic.

(c)

She tried to coax him for several hours.

(d)

The new student was a talkative class member.

(e)

There was a huge model of the ship in the case.

(f) (g) (h)

short

Each metal contracted when pressure was applied.

(i)

Scientists didn’t want to conceal the latest results.

(j)

His soldiers carried ample supplies into battle.

(k)

The birthday party was a complete success.

(l)

He frequently visited his friend’s house.

(m)

His father had a permanent job in the factory.

Challenge! 1. Circle the two antonyms in each line. You will need your dictionary again!

(a)

regular, robust, sporadic, toxic, noisy

(b)

infamous, sterile, sober, inebriated, scanty

(c)

slender, innocuous, rapid, dangerous, sleek

(d)

civil, slim, frail, solitary, insolent

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– 18 –

Parts of Speech – Adverbs Name:

Due Date: Adverbs are words which add further meaning to verbs. Adverbs of manner tell us how something is done. For example, He worked well. She danced gracefully.

Most adverbs of manner are formed by simply adding ‘ly’ to the adjective For example, slow – slowly. However, when the adjective ends in the letter ‘y’ , the ‘y’ is changed to ‘i’ before the suffix ‘ly’ is added.

1. Complete the table below using your own words where necessary. Adjective

Adverb

Adjective

Adverb

steady

steadily

merry

merrily

healthy

lazy

slowly jauntily dirty

Challenge! 1. You can use a dictionary. The meanings of the adjectives are in the brackets. Adjective (a)

Adverb

(snug)

(b) cl (c)

che

(d) wa

(awkward) (impudent)

co cl che

(watchful)

(e)

(dirty)

(f)

sti

(miserly)

sti

(irate)

(g) an (h) tar R.I.C. Publications

(late)

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– 19 –

Review Name:

Due Date:

1. Write three words in which ‘ie’ has the ‘ee’ sound. Give one exception to the ‘i’ before ‘e’ rule.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) Exception: falling ice

brave

2. Complete these word squares. You may need to use your dictionary. male pig

3. Complete the following sentences.

money owed

a bee home

wicked

corrode

(a) A machete is a

pause

(b) A sombrero is a

4. Shade the action which happened first in each sentence.

5. Indicate what parts of speech for each of the words in bold print. (a) The motorist paid his fine immediately. (b) Their picnic was held on a fine day. (c) He is doing fine at the moment. (d) The courts will fine drivers for excessive speed. 6. Give synonyms for the following words. (a) pallid

(b) old

7. Give antonyms for the following words. (a) calm

(b) wide

8. Most adverbs of manner have the same ending. Give three examples. (a) R.I.C. Publications

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Vocabulary Extension Name:

Due Date:

1. Circle the word which doesn’t belong with the others in each line below. The words in brackets describe three words in each line. You may have to use a dictionary for some words in the ‘Challenge’ section.

(a) rowan, cypress, cornet, poplar

(trees)

(b) dahlia, peony, daisy, felony

(flowers)

(birds)

(d) husky, chow, mink, airedale

(dogs)

(e) llama, pistil, yak, tapir

(animals)

(f) lyre, zither, bassoon, morsel

(instruments)

(g) halibut, lark, trout, ling

(fish)

(h) sari, hose, shawl, portal

(clothing)

(bones) © R. I . C.P ubl i cat i ons cerise, crimson, rubella, scarlet (colours) •f orr evi ew p ur posesonl y•

(i) femur, prow, ulna, radius (j)

Check each set of words in your dictionary and then add your own word to complete each set.

(a)

crocus, iris, aster

(b)

larch, yew, cedar

(c)

satin, velvet, linen

(d)

toucan, wren, brolga

(e)

turban, tricorn, bonnet

Challenge! 1. Circle the word which doesn’t belong with these. (a) manse, hangar, martinet, condominium (buildings) (b) trident, machete, carbine, minuet

(weapons)

(ships)

(d) asp, viper, curate, cobra

(snakes)

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– 21 –

Prefixes and Suffixes Name:

Due Date:

1. The words in the first column below are base words from which other words can be built. Using one prefix (a syllable added to the beginning of a word) and two suffixes (syllables added at the end of a word), write three words built from the given base word. A dictionary may help. N.B. An ‘s’ is not regarded as a suffix.

Base Words

Using a Prefix

Using Suffixes

happy

unhappy

happily, happiness

safe like certain friend patient count

correct legal kind

perfect possess human

Challenge! 1.

Root Words

Using a Prefix

Using Suffixes

danger sufficient noble loyal R.I.C. Publications

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– 22 –

Idioms – Colloquialisms Name:

Due Date:

Colloquialisms are common sayings that people use in everyday conversations and some are very old expressions. Foreigners learning English are often puzzled when they are used because they are not familiar to them. For example, ‘paint the town red’ means to celebrate – not ‘to cover buildings with red paint’!

1. Rewrite the sentences below and replace the colloquialisms with their meanings in the box. avoiding work

told off

manage financially

ignored

irritated him

behaved foolishly

overdo work and play

deceived

leaving without permission

(a)

His doctor told him he shouldn’t burn the candle at both ends.

(b)

The poor family could just make ends meet.

(c)

The employer criticised the workers for taking French leave.

(d)

(e)

He was annoyed as they had rubbed him the wrong way.

(f)

The pupils were punished because they’d acted the goat.

(g)

All workers were warned about swinging the lead.

(h)

After his silly prank Robert was hauled over the coals.

(i)

She was told she’d been led up the garden path.

Challenge! 1. Write three sentences containing your own colloquialisms. These can be discussed in class. (a) (b) (c) R.I.C. Publications

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– 23 –

Adverbs – Manner Name: 1.

Due Date:

Complete this crosspatch with adverbs.

Adverbs are words which add meaning to verbs. In the sentence ‘John walked slowly’ the verb walked tells us what John did. The adverb slowly gives us more information for it tells us how he walked. Adverbs of manner tell us how something is done and most end in ‘ly’. All the adverbs of manner in the crosspatch end in ‘ly’ . Some letters of each answer have been given.

Across 2.

Quietly

14.

Affectionately

Dangerously

15.

Pleasantly

Lazily

19.

Totally

Tidily

21.

Carefully

Strangely

22.

Skilfully

Coyly

23.

Coldly

11.

N 4.

S 5.

P 9.

C R

Cautiously

Sorrowfully

Deafeningly

Ponderously

Quickly

Candidly

13.

Down

10.

11.

12.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

F 19.

20.

K 21.

G E 22.

23.

10.

Gently

12.

Not proudly

13.

Cunningly

16.

Capably

17.

Fortunately

18.

Lethally

20.

Eagerly

Challenge! 1. Write four adverbs of manner with four or five syllables. (a)

(c)

(b)

(d)

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Editing Skills – Common Language Errors Name:

Due Date:

1. There is only one mistake in each of the sentences below. The mistake could be spelling, capital letters, punctuation, incorrect grammar, etc. Find the error and rewrite the sentence correctly.

(a) She gave the cented flowers to Melissa. (b) The best team won the local football match. (c) His friendly dog barked and wagged it’s tail furiously. (d) The army of disciplined troops were winning the battle. (e) The teacher took the catapult off the aggressive student.

(h) Each pupil was gratefull for the teacher’s help. (i) Their leaving for the party at seven o’clock. (j) He couldn’t remember nothing last night.

Challenge! 1. (a) Neither Sasha nor Ian were at the party. (b) Each of the boys sharpened their pencil. (c) The man who we saw today is a complete stranger. (d) Our neighbour’s lawn needed cutting badly.

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– 25 –

Index Skills – Atlas Name:

Due Date:

1. Use the atlas index to find the location of the place at the beginning of each sentence or the places in brackets. After finding the correct page for the information you need, circle the correct word in each bracket. For example, London is located in the (north, south, west) of England.

Note: A capital city often has a different symbol before it; for example ■ instead of ●, or its name is underlined or printed differently. (a)

Brisbane, Australia, is equidistant from Tasmania and (Adelaide, Cairns).

(b) Chicago is situated on a (sea, lake, cape). (c)

Taiwan is an island like (Oman, Chad, Cuba).

(d) Barbados and (Newfoundland, Lisbon) lie between longitude 30° W and 60° W. (e) (f) (g)

Paris is nearer to Rome than (Florence, Naples, Dublin).

(h) The Rio Grande river flows in a (SW, NE, SE) direction into the Gulf of Mexico. (i)

Monrovia is the capital city of (Ghana, Liberia, Mali).

(j)

Hong Kong and (Madrid, Canberra, Colombo) are cities in the tropics.

(k)

London and (Durban, Wellington, Oslo) are in the northern hemisphere.

(l)

Chile and (Ghana, Bolivia, Nigeria) are countries in South America.

(m) Istanbul is near the shores of the (Red, Black, Caspian) Sea. (n) The Nile River flows in a (westerly, southerly, northerly) direction.

Challenge! 1. You may need to use your dictionary for the words at the end of each sentence. (a)

Lombok and (Sicily, Bali, Taiwan) are islands in an archipelago.

(b) Miami and (Rome, Paris, Singapore) are situated on a peninsula. (c)

Montevideo and (Berlin, Quebec, Atlanta) are on an estuary.

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– 26 –

Adverb Phrases Name:

Due Date: Phrases are groups of words without verbs we use to improve our sentences. Adverb phrases of time, place and manner are the most common and usually begin with a preposition. For example, He left the house at 4 p.m. (when? adverb phrase of time) Put the box on the table. (where? adverb phrase of place) She danced with great skill. (how? adverb phrase of manner)

1. Indicate each kind of adverb phrase as shown in the example. Don’t forget to ask yourself – how?, when? and where?.

We entered the cinema at noon.

time

(a) They returned to their homes before dark. (b) She left the classroom in a hurry. (c) Monique hid the books under the desk. (d) He crossed the floor in great leaps.

(e) We met the principal actors after the show. (f)

(g) All children were told to meet outside the hall. (h) He scuttled around like a little mouse. (i)

Many spectators stayed until the end.

(j)

His father decided to build near the lake.

(k) The boys hid behind the desk. (l)

She performed the ballet with great skill.

Challenge! 1. Write sentences using your own phrases to match the kind in the brackets. (a)

(Adverb phrase–time)

(b)

(Adverb phrase–place)

(c)

(Adverb phrase–manner)

(d)

(Adverb phrase–time)

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– 27 –

Similes Name:

Due Date: If we want to describe something or somebody more clearly we can use a simile to compare what we are describing with something else. For example, The cake was as hard as a rock. The weightlifter is as strong as a bull.

1. When you unjumble and write these sentences, you’ll find some common similes. The first word in each sentence is in bold print.

(a) danger was as despite cool the a he cucumber as

(b) silent at the as night street is grave as our

(d) of the piece as steak as was leather tough

(g) were as her cold hands as ice

(h) five as as were all lead bags heavy

Challenge! 1. (a) thought were as neighbour’s she changeable her as opinions weather the

(b) hand as the rock was surgeon’s steady a as brilliant

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Alliteration Name:

Due Date: Alliteration is used when writers begin words with the same consonant or repeat a consonant inside words in a text. The words then seem to flow more smoothly and have a stronger rhythm. Poets often use it for effect as you can see in these lines from poems by famous poets.

...trailing creepers twist and twine... (‘Buffalo Country’ – A.B. Paterson) ...he clasps the crag with crooked hands... (‘The Eagle’ – Lord Tennyson) ...by silver reeds in a silver stream... (‘Silver’ – Walter de La Mare) 1. Now write a four-line humorous poem of your own using alliteration.

2. We find alliteration in all areas of language. Look at the examples given below and give your own example in each category.

‘Peter Pan’ Your example © R . I . C . P ubl i cat i ons Cartoon character ‘Mickey Mouse’ Your example Common saying ‘Spick and span’ Your example •f orr ev i e wp u r posesonl y• Book title –

TV program

‘Today Tonight’

Your example

Challenge! 1. Write the longest sentence you can where every word in the sentence begins with the same consonant.

For example, Tony took ten tiny tots to two timber towns.

R.I.C. Publications

Cut an example of alliteration from the newspaper and glue it in this box.

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– 29 –

Review Name:

Due Date:

1. Unjumble these anagrams. (a) rent

(a bird)

(b) rely

(instrument)

(d) sap

(a snake)

2. Make these words opposite in meaning by using a prefix. (a) correct

(e) like

(b) use

(d) safe

( f) patient

3. Explain the meaning of these idioms. (a) to take French leave (b) to act the goat (c) to make ends meet 4. Give synonyms for these adverbs. Your answers will be adverbs. (a) tidily

(e) sadly

(d) quietly (f) merrily © R. I . C. Publ i cat i on s •seen f o r r eteam vi e w pbest ur sesonl y• (a) We the mens’ and its the ofp theo two.

(b) quickly

5. Correct the four errors in each sentence.

(b) ‘Is this marmerlade yours’ asked peter a smile on his face

6. Use your atlas to select the correct word in each bracket. (a) London is farther north than (Oslo, Paris, Dublin). (b) (Hong Kong, Singapore, Lima) is in the Southern Hemisphere. 7. Underline the four adverb phrases of place in the passage. Sian placed his books near the door and Alicia’s on the desk. After 3 p.m. he went into the playground and saw his friends playing in the corner. 8. Complete these two similes. (a) The story was as old as the

. (b) He’s as fresh as a

9. Give one example of alliteration.

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– 30 –

Parts of Speech Name:

Due Date:

1. On this sheet you have to form other parts of speech from the words given. You will find verbs (action words), adjectives (describing words), nouns (names) and adverbs (words adding further meaning to verbs). A dictionary may help if you are having difficulty with some words. There are no two words the same on any line.

Verb

Noun

Adjective

Adverb

sad act

actively

imagined successful

destroy obey

Challenge! 1. Form the correct part of speech to complete each sentence, using the word in brackets as a guide. Spelling must be correct.

(a) The children were

by the film’s monster. (horror) verb

(b) A conjuror is a master of

noun

(deceive)

person.

(persuade)

the maths problem.

(simple)

adjective

(d) We will have to verb

(e) As the mixture cooled down it

(solid)

verb

(f) There was no sign of R.I.C. Publications

noun

when they met.

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– 31 –

Figurative Language – Metaphors Name:

Due Date: We use a simile for a clearer description by comparing someone or something with something else. For example, He could swim like a fish. In a metaphor we don’t say something is like something, we say it is something. For example, Simile – The huge clouds were like galleons in a blue sea. Metaphor – The huge clouds were galleons in a blue sea.

1. Rewrite these sentences and change the similes to metaphors. (a) The hot sun was like a fiery furnace in the sky. (b) Her soft, clear voice was like a tinkling bell. (c) All the dancers, like graceful puppets on a giant stage, were applauded. (d) Their boat was like a tiny cork bobbing on the vast ocean.

(e) His firm grip was like a ray of hope in the dark night. (f)

(g) The calm sea was like a smooth sheet of glass. (h) Fresh snow, like a soft white blanket, covered our lawn. (i) The winding road was like a giant snake, twisting and turning.

Challenge! 1. Write three metaphors of your own. It is easier to think of a simile and then change it.

(a) (b) (c)

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– 32 –

Subject and Predicate Name:

Due Date: To find the subject of a sentence we ask ‘who?’ or ‘what?’ in front of the verb. For example, John ran home. (who ran? – John – subject) or A huge, round boulder fell down. (what fell? – A huge, round boulder – subject) Note: (a) Words describing the subject are included. (b) The subject can be anywhere in the sentence. (c) The rest of the sentence is called a predicate. In sentences which are commands, the subject is not present in the sentence but is understood to be there. For example, ‘Get out!’ is seen as ‘(You) get out!’ where the subject You has been omitted but is understood.

1. Circle the subject in each sentence below. (a) A huge meal of chips satisfied his hunger. (b) ‘Come here, at once!’ (c) At the break of dawn our hero planned his escape.

(d) All the flowers and shrubs in the garden died.

(e) Behind doors and into cupboards scuttled a tiny mouse. (f)

(g) ‘Go to your bedroom immediately after dinner!’ (h) Two beautiful, delicate butterflies fluttered over the flowers. (i) Walking by himself felt very strange at first. (j) The winning swimmer, tall and muscular, acknowledged the applause.

Challenge! 1. Write four sentences of your own and place the subject of the sentence where indicated by the word in bold print.

(a) Middle

(b) Beginning

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– 33 –

Indirect and Direct Speech Name:

Due Date: Indirect speech is used to show what someone has said without using the actual words spoken. Direct speech uses the actual words spoken and requires quotation marks. For example, Indirect speech: He said he was going to buy a CD. Direct speech: He said, ‘I am going to buy a CD.’ (Note: The pronoun and the verb tense usually change.)

1. Change these indirect speech sentences to direct speech. (a) The boys told us they were leaving at 8 p.m. (b) Nadine complained that she hadn’t seen his latest film. (c) Their teacher announced she wasn’t giving a test that week. (d) His friend said what a glorious day it had been.

(e) Her uncle asked Alyssa if he could go shopping with her. (f) Mario said he wouldn’t be going the next day.

(g) Roger explained that Cara owed him money she had borrowed. (h) The player said the football shirt was his. (i) Danka boasted that she had earned the top mark. (j) Fallon asked if it was raining.

Challenge! 1. Make up your own sentences. (a) Indirect speech Direct speech (b) Indirect speech Direct speech R.I.C. Publications

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– 34 –

Clauses –␣ Phrases Name:

Due Date: In the examples below, each underlined clause (a group of words containing a verb) has been changed to a phrase which does not contain a verb. Sometimes the phrase contains different words from the clause (as in example two) but still has the same meaning. For example, He left after the bell had rung. (after the bell) The fisherman left when the sun went down. (at sunset)

1. Complete your own phrases for the clauses in bold print. (a) They cheered the captain when the game ended. (b) We showered before we started the day’s first meal. (c) He moored the yacht as the sun rose in the sky. (d) She was saturated as the heavy rain poured down. (e) Jenny stayed home for she had caught the flu.

© R. I . C.Publ i cat i ons •friend f oarrived rr e i e wabout pu plunch. osesonl y• (h) His asv they were tor eat (f) Our school soon emptied when the final siren went. (g) One climber collapsed as he reached the peak.

(i) The gun fired for the yachts to begin the race. (j) He was due to finish when two hours had passed. (k) She was greeted by cheers as the clock struck six. (l) They were tied of waiting after an hour had passed. (m) We postponed the game because it was too hot.

Challenge! 1. Change each phrase in bold print to a clause which means the same and contains a verb. (a) We left home at four. (b) He could not see in the dark. (c) They went home after the storm. (d) Their car stopped at the end of the track. R.I.C. Publications

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Editing Skills – Language Areas Name:

Due Date:

1. These sentences contain errors in the language areas of spelling, use of the apostrophe, quotations and punctuation. Rewrite each sentence correctly.

(a) what a terrable result exclaimed jennifer.

(b) these are on my list grapes raisons and manderins he said

(d) he hasnt seen Steven said Marcelo but I saw him on wensday

(e) why are womens clothes not being displaid in the sale inquired Tuan.

© R. I . C.Publ i cat i ons (g) The was taken from p it’s shelf and perchased imediately •ladys f osandel rr e v i ew ur po ses onl y• (f) their were stakes sausages chops and tomatos on deans barbecue

(h) Our childrens books were editted by the auther of castles in spain.

(i) Ive one shouted the athleet who’s face was read with exertion.

(j) theyd taken jane to sea sevral films at the astor theator.

Challenge! 1. (a) oh Im a fool gasped Phoebe do you think theyll return our tickets

(b) we saw titanic at the ritz cinema enthused david and its terriffic

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Crosspatch – Abstract Nouns Name:

Due Date: Abstract nouns are the names we give to the things we can’t physically touch such as ‘fear’ and ‘idea’. We can experience fear and have an idea but we can’t actually touch them or hold them in our hands. Complete the crosspatch of abstract nouns below. The first letter of each noun is given. A dictionary may be helpful!

Across

1. Disgrace

12. Trustworthiness

2. Security

15. Avarice

4. Knowledge

16. Sorrow

6. Jealousy

19. Fear

7. Courage

20. Viciousness

8. Enthusiasm

21. Truthfulness

9. Unhappiness 4.

Down

M 6.

1. Astonishment

E 7.

2. Coyness

10.

11.

S 12.

13.

A 15.

14.

F 16.

17.

10. Self-esteem 11. Peace 13. Hostility 14. Liberty

18.

17. Renown

19.

18. Veracity

20.

C 21.

Challenge! 1. Write three abstract nouns of your own. (a) (b) (c) R.I.C. Publications

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– 37 –

Adjectival Clauses – Context Clues Name:

Due Date: A clause is a group of words which contains a verb. Adjectival clauses are used to describe something or somebody and they are used to improve sentences. For example, The person, who sleeps here, is very tidy. The boat, which he owned, is too expensive.

1. Complete the sentences below with adjectival clauses from the box. which had two broken strings

where his family had once lived

which had broken its mast

who was caught with stolen goods

who is strong and muscular

which was very expensive

who is often late

who lived alone in a mansion

which soaked her to the skin

where he had hidden the opal

who is very slim

which has large windows , was no longer there.

(a) The house,

(b) Brett, (c)

, spent money wisely.

(d) An old miser,

, rode out the storm.

(e) Their yacht,

, had been opened.

(f) The cupboard, (g) A thief,

, was arrested.

(h) Her toy,

, is already broken.

(i)

Heavy rain,

(j)

His workmate,

, had blown in from the south. , was there on time. , could slip through the gap easily.

(k) Cody, (l)

, overlooked the ocean.

The house,

Challenge!

1. Complete the sentences with your own adjectival clauses. (a)

, who

(b)

, which

(c)

, where

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– 38 –

Reading Comprehension Name:

Due Date:

The museum was closed and silent. In the security centre a dozing guard slowly sipped coffee as he scanned the monitor screens which ringed the room. Down below, in the main gallery, the ‘thief’ worked silently as he deftly removed the museum’s most precious painting, the Stope family Cezanne original, from its frame. An electronics expert, he had found little difficulty breaking the security circuit. He smiled to himself as he thought of the money this painting would bring on the European underground market where unscrupulous dealers traded in stolen goods. The task completed, Paul climbed, cat-like, through the open skylight and disappeared into the night. He felt confident he would be able to outline weaknesses in the security system when he reported to the board of directors. They’d accepted his challenge that he could steal the priceless work of art they admired so much. 1. All the clues to your answers are in the passage. (a) Which word tells you the security man was not alert?

(b) Find an antonym for the word ‘disliked’. (c)

(d) Find a synonym for ‘skilfully’ from the passage. (e) What was Paul’s point of entry into the museum? (f) This museum had the world’s best security system. Fact/Opinion? (g) Which word tells us the European market was a secret trading place? (h) The security system was being (repaired, tested, replaced). (i) The museum’s directors believed in their security system. True?/False? (j) Give your own one-word title for the passage.

Challenge! 1. (a) Which word tells us the man taking the diamonds wasn’t a criminal? (b) Name the collective noun in the passage. (c) Name the room in a museum for displaying works of art. R.I.C. Publications

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Review Name:

Due Date:

1. Form nouns, verbs and adverbs from these adjectives. Noun Verb

Adverb

(a) wide (b) strong (c) obedient (d) sharp 2. Change the similes to metaphors. (a) The tiger’s eyes were like glowing embers in the night. (b) The road was like a white ribbon snaking through the forest.

3. Circle or indicate the subject in these sentences. (a) Keep to the left!

© R. I . C.Publ i cat i ons (d) The with talons unsheathed swooped down. •huge f oeagle rr ev i ew pur pos esonl y• (b) Along the pool swam the superb athlete. (c) After the party he strolled slowly home.

4. Change this indirect speech to direct speech. Raoul said he was going with Anita the next day.

5. Change the clauses into phrases (no verbs!). (a) Pablo lived in a land where the hills were green. (b) Shannon left quickly when the concert had finished. 6. Check the errors in the sentence and rewrite it correctly. Jack didn’t except the gift four he had broke his promisse.

7. Circle the abstract nouns in this list. fame, animal, Andrew, fear, sorrow, paint, needle, courage, hope 8. Underline the adjectival clause in each sentence. (a) The boy, who liked chocolate, was not hungry. (b) A book, which he left on the table, had disappeared. (c) His friend, whom we like, is coming to Europe. R.I.C. Publications

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Answers page 1 1.

Plurals

page 10 Review

(a) foot – feet, goose – geese, tooth – teeth, louse – lice, child – children (b) ash – ashes, tomato – tomatoes, cargo – cargoes, witch – witches, loss – losses (c) salmon – salmon, cod – cod, sheep – sheep, trout – trout, moose – moose (d) valley – valleys, display – displays, studio – studios, donkey – donkeys, solo – solos (e) father-in-law – fathers-in-law, son-in-law – sons-in-law, coat-of-mail – coats-of-mail, maid-of honour – maids-of-honour, passer-by – passers-by

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

page 11 Spelling Rule: ‘ie’ and ‘ei’ 1.

Challenge! 1.

Teacher check

page 2

Dictionary Skills – Rhyming Words

1. (a) gate (c) prey (e) give (g) rain (i) louder (b) toy (d) mine (f) seed (h) lime (j) played 2. Teacher check

Challenge!

(m) (n) (o) (p)

whine boar site fare

(q) (r) (s) (t)

dew hare role hart

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

1. (a) sought (c) heir (e) ruff (g) byre (i) genes (b) thyme (d) weal (f) strait (h) frieze (j) gnaw

Group 1 – mournful, doleful, unhappy, sorrowful, joyless, dejected, morose, gloomy Group 2 – small, tiny, slight, minute, diminutive, miniature, petite, little Group 3 – merry, happy, joyful, elated, genial, jubilant, jovial, delighted

Challenge! 1.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Prefixes

unicycle – a one-wheeled bicycle decametre – ten metres decade – ten years quadrant –␣ a quarter of a circle quadruped – an animal with four feet quadrille – a dance where four couples dance in a square-shaped pattern (g) decagon – a ten-sided shape (h) unicorn – an imaginary horse-like creature with one horn (i) pentagon –␣ a five-sided shape

Challenge! 1.

1. Teacher check

Vocabulary Extension

1. (a) manacle (e) (b) mandible (f) (c) mansion (g) (d) mandolin (h) 2. mantis, manger, mane

mangrove manoeuvre mantle manual

(i) mannequin (j) mandarin

1. Teacher check

Suitable Verbs

1. (a) plodded (d) strutted (g) shuffled (j) sneaked (b) spiralled (e) roamed (h) prowled (k) soared (c) toddled (f) edged (i) strolled (l) sprinted

1. (a) javelin

1. (a) sidled (b) gambolled

(e) rambled (f) eluded

Etymology – Word Derivation

Spanish, Greek, Dutch, French, Malay, German, Japanese, Latin, Spanish

Challenge! 1.

page 21 Dictionary Skills – Vocabulary Extension 1.

(a) cornet (b) felony (c) lynx (d) mink (e) pistil (f) morsel (g) lark (h) portal (i) prow (j) rubella Teacher check – (a) flowers (b) trees (c) materials (d) birds (e) hats

(a) martinet (b) minuet (c) dolt (d) curate

page 22 Prefixes and Suffixes 1.

Base Words Using a Prefix

(e) (f) (g) (h)

obelisk moccasin trowel bassinette

(i) (j) (k) (l)

sombrero precipice mitre python

Using suffixes

happy

unhappy

safe

unsafe

safety, safely

dislike

likable, liking

certain

uncertain

certainly, certainty

friend

befriend

friendly, friendship

patient

impatient

patiently, patience

happily, happiness

1. (a) (c) (e) (g) (i) (k)

Teacher check

R.I.C. Publications

decorated the hall (b) the chef used herbs (d) the comedian told a joke (f) she’d prepared the soil (h) he entered the house (j) given to her on her birthday (l)

Challenge! 1.

he started badly eating dessert The thief stole her bag she’d studied well The alarm woke Sarah the teacher asked the question

Teacher check

page 15 Parts of Speech 1.

(a) noun, verb (d) verb, adjective (b) verb, adjective (e) noun, adverb (c) adjective, adverb (f) verb, noun

Challenge! 1.

1. 1.

Teacher check (a) oasis (b) dormant (c) arid

(d) meek (e) joyless (f) duplicate

hostage – prisoner, fatigue – exhaustion, corsair – buccaneer, pale – pallid, gloss – sheen, felon – criminal, spry – nimble, mutiny – rebellion two thirds provisions 8 livestock Captain Arthur Phillip

(a) Cook (b) Endeavour (c) false

(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

south overcrowded jails petty soldiers false

(a) (b) (c) (d)

abridged opaque dissuade reticent

useless, useful

regular

irregular

regularly, regularity

correct

incorrect

correctly, correction

legal

illegal

legally, legality

kind

unkind

kindly, kindness

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)

W A

S A

inhuman

humanity, humanitarian

19.

L Y

O R Y D D

Y 11.

T A

23.

H Y U

M I

L 16.

F A

20. 21.

12.

15. 18.

L L

T U

S O

14.

A F

Challenge! 1. (a) regular, sporadic (b) sober, inebriated

human

divulge meagre fiasco seldom temporary

perfectly, perfection possessive, possession

Teacher check

(d) fresh water (e) chart (i) (j) (k) (l) (m)

imperfect dispossess

overdo work and play manage financially leaving without permission ignored irritated him behaved foolishly avoiding work told off deceived

10.

diminutive irate expanded condemn

perfect possess

Teacher check

13.

(e) (f) (g) (h)

counted, counting

page 24 Adverbs – Manner

page 18 Antonyms – Vocabulary Extension 1.

misuse

Challenge!

Challenge! 1.

use

page 23 Idioms – Colloquialisms

Teacher check

1. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

miscount

Challenge!

Challenge! 1.

count

(b) poncho

page 14 Cause and Effect

Challenge!

5. 6. 7. 8.

Challenge!

page 17 Reading Comprehension

Challenge!

page 9

3. 4.

Challenge!

page 8

minaret pterodactyl machete weasel

grimy, grimily stingy, stingily angry, angrily tardy, tardily

Teacher check bold, debt, rust, boar hail, lull, evil, hive (a) knife/weapon (b) hat (c) shoe (a) the smoke alarm rang (b) caused by his friend (a) noun (b) adjective (c) adverb (d) verb Teacher check Teacher check Teacher check

page 13 Spelling – Dictionary Skills

1. 2.

Newspaper Search

1. Teacher check

page 7

1. 2.

(a) song, gnat, tent, spit (b) warm, maze, site, wigs

1. (a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f) (g) (h)

page 20 Review

page 16 Dictionary Skills – Synonyms

Teacher check

page 6

cosy, cosily clumsy, clumsily cheeky, cheekily wary, warily

Group 1 – terse, succinct, curt, concise Group 2 – vast, immense, titanic, gargantuan Group 3 – magenta, vermilion, turquoise, beige

page 5 1.

Parts of Speech – Adjectives

Teacher check

1. (a) (b) (c) (d)

gold, date, tame, goat bush, hate, give, brag stag, gaps, dogs, sped damp, pill, evil, dune hide, eels, toss, hilt eats, slip, ship, ends

Challenge!

(s) brief (t) believe (u) receive (v) thief (w) relief (x) conceive

(a) weir (c) seize (e) weird (g) plebeian (b) counterfeit (d) neither (f) caffeine (h) heinous

Challenge!

page 4

(m) niece (n) ceiling (o) conceit (p) grief (q) deceit (r) yield

Challenge!

page 12 Vocabulary Extension

page 3 Homophones bred (e) pane (i) heal dye (f) mail (j) route knows (g) bough (k) sew tale (h) ewe/yew (l) through cruise, current foul, medal aisle, throne

(a) chief (g) mischief (b) deceive (h) priest (c) shriek (i) piece (d) receipt (j) wield (e) shield (k) frieze (f) achieve (l) belief Teacher check

Challenge!

(a) while (b) fear (c) week (d) shoe (e) door

1. (a) (b) (c) (d) 2. (a) (b) (c)

page 19 Parts of Speech – Adverbs

(a) latches (b) trout (c) potatoes Teacher check Teacher check helpful, huge, coloured Teacher check (a) Editorial (b) Readers’ letters (a) mandolin (b) mangrove (c) mansion (d) mantle Teacher check (a) French (c) Italian (e) Spanish (b) Latin (d) French (f) Greek

A B

17.

L Y U

K I

22.

L Y

Challenge! 1.

Teacher check

Language Homework Assignments

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– 41 –

Answers page 25 Editing Skills – Common Language Errors 1.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

She gave the scented flowers to Melissa. The better team won the local football match. His friendly dog barked and wagged its tail furiously. The army of disciplined troops was winning the battle. The teacher took the catapult from the aggressive student. The two boys ran into the classroom from outside. All the children’s clothes were covered with dirt. Each pupil was grateful for the teacher’s help. They’re leaving for the party at seven o’clock. He couldn’t remember anything last night.

Challenge! (a) (b) (c) (d)

Neither Sasha nor Ian was at the party. Each of the boys sharpened his pencil. The man whom we saw today is a complete stranger. Our neighbour’s lawn badly needed cutting.

Challenge! 1. (a) horrified (d) simplify

page 32

(b) deception (e) solidified

Figurative Language – Metaphors

page 37 Crosspatch – Abstract Nouns 1.

1. (a) The hot sun was a fiery furnace in the sky. (b) Her soft, clear voice was a tinkling bell. (c) All the dancers, graceful puppets on a giant stage, were applauded. (d) Their boat was a tiny cork bobbing an the vast ocean. (e) His firm grip was a ray of hope in the dark night. (f) The fireworks, bursting stars on a velvet sky, lit up the marina. (g) The calm sea was a smooth sheet of glass. (h) Fresh snow, a soft white blanket, covered our lawn. (i) The winding road was a giant snake, twisting and turning.

E 2.

S 4.

A A

N I

12.

14.

15.

21.

17.

20.

Challenge! Page 38 Adjectival Clauses – Context Clues

Challenge! 1.

(a) Bali

(f) he (g) [You] understood (h) Two beautiful, delicate butterflies (d) All the flowers and shrubs (i) walking by himself in the garden (e) a tiny mouse (j) The winning swimmer, tall and muscular

(b) Singapore (c) Quebec

page 27 Adverb Phrases 1.

(a) time (e) time (i) time

(b) manner (f) manner (j) place

(d) manner (h) manner (l) manner

1. Teacher check

Teacher check

page 34 Indirect and Direct Speech

page 28 Similes 1. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h)

Despite the danger he was as cool as a cucumber. At night our street is as silent as the grave. Her horse was as black as the ace of spades. The piece of steak was as tough as leather. His patient’s heart was as sound as a bell. They laughed though the joke was as old as the hills. Her hands were as cold as ice. All five bags were as heavy as lead.

Challenge!

page 29 Alliteration Teacher check Teacher check

Challenge! 1.

Teacher check

page 30 Review 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

(a) tern (b) lyre (c) lark (d) asp (a) incorrect (b) misuse (c) illegal (d) unsafe (e) dislike (f) impatient (a) to leave without permission. (b) to behave foolishly. (c) to manage financially. Teacher check (a) We have seen the men’s team and it’s the better of the two. (b) ‘Is this marmalade yours?’ asked Peter, a smile on his face. (a) Paris (b) Lima near the door, on the desk, into the playground, in the corner (a) hills (b) daisy Teacher check

page 31 Parts of Speech 1. Verb

Noun

sadden

sadness

sad

sadly

act

activity

active

actively

Adjective Adverb

imagined imagination imaginative imaginatively succeed soften

success successful successfully softness

soft

softly

attract

attraction attractive attractively

weaken

weakness

breathe

1. (a) The boys told us, ‘We are leaving at 8 p.m.’ (b) Nadine complained, ‘I haven’t seen his latest film.’ (c) Their teacher announced, ‘I am not giving a test this week.’ (d) His friend said, ‘What a glorious day it has been.’ (e) Her uncle asked Alyssa, ‘Could/may I go shopping with you?’ (f) Mario said, ‘I won’t be going tomorrow.’ (g) Roger explained, ‘Cara owes me money she has borrowed.’ (h) The player said, ‘The football shirt is mine.’ (i) Danka boasted, ‘I have earned the top mark.’ (j) Fallon asked, ‘Is it raining?’

Teacher check (a) The house, where his family once lived, was no longer there. (b) Brett, who is strong and muscular, could play rugby. (c) His violin, which had two broken strings, could not be played. (d) An old miser, who lived alone in a mansion, spent money wisely. (e) Their yacht, which had broken its mast, rode out the storm. (f) The cupboard, where he had hidden the opal, had been opened. (g) A thief, who was caught with stolen goods, was arrested. (h) Her toy, which was very expensive, is already broken. (i) Heavy rain, which soaked her to the skin, had blown in from the south. (j) His workmate, who is often late, was there on time. (k) Cody, who is very slim, could slip through the gap easily. (l) The house, which has large windows, overlooked the ocean.

1. (a) She thought her neighbour’s opinions were as changeable as the weather. (b) The brilliant surgeon’s hand was as steady as a rock. (c) After the race the athlete was still as fresh as a daisy. 1. 2.

Challenge!

Challenge! 1.

1. (a) A huge meal of chips (b) [You] understood (c) our hero

Teacher check

page 33 Subject and Predicate

1. (a) (e) (i) (m)

lake (c) Cuba (d) Newfoundland Gobi (g) Athens (h) SE Colombo (k) Oslo (l) Bolivia northerly

P R I

Challenge!

Adelaide (b) Dublin (f) Liberia (j) black (n)

L 10.

page 26 Index Skills – Atlas

G 18.

S A

S 13.

11.

16.

19.

M 6.

weak

Challenge! 1.

Teacher check

Challenge!

page 35 Clauses – Phrases

1. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g)

page 39 Reading Comprehension

at the end of the game (h) before breakfast (i) at sunrise (j) in the heavy rain (k) with the flu (l) after the final siren (m) at the peak

at lunchtime for the start of the yacht race in two hours at six o’clock after an hour because of the heat

Challenge! 1. (a) when it was four o’clock (c) after the storm had passed (b) when it became dark (d) where the track ended

page 36 Editing Skills – Language Areas 1. (a) ‘What a terrible result!’ exclaimed Jennifer. (b) ‘These are on my list: grapes, raisins and mandarins,’ he said. (c) The cat’s head and the dogs’ tails were examined by a vet. (d) ‘He hasn’t seen Steven,’ said Marcelo, ‘but I saw him on Wednesday.’ (e) ‘Why are women’s clothes not being displayed in the sale?’ inquired Tuan. (f) There were steaks, sausages, chops and tomatoes on Dean’s barbecue. (g) The lady’s sandal was taken from its shelf and purchased immediately. (h) Our children’s books were edited by the author of ‘Castles in Spain’. (i) ‘I’ve won!’ shouted the athlete, whose face was red with exertion. (j) They’d taken Jane to see several films at the Astor theatre.

Teacher check

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

dozing admired slowly deftly skylight

(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

opinion underground tested true Teacher check

Challenge! 1.

(a)‘thief’

(b) board (of directors)

page 40 Review 1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b)

width, widen, widely strength, strengthen, strongly obedience, obey, obediently sharpness, sharpen, sharply The tiger’s eyes were glowing embers in the night. The road was a white ribbon snaking through the forest. (a) [You] (b) the superb athlete (c) he (d) The huge eagle with talons unsheathed. Raoul said, ‘I am going with Anita tomorrow.’ (a) of green hills (b) at the end of the concert Jack didn’t accept the gift for he had broken his promise. fame, fear, sorrow, courage, hope (a) who liked chocolate (b) which he left on the table. (c) whom we like

Challenge! 1. (a) ‘Oh I’m a fool!’ gasped Phoebe. ‘Do you think they’ll return our tickets?’ (b) ‘We saw ‘Titanic’ at the Ritz cinema,’ enthused David, ‘and it’s terrific.’

weakly

breath breathless breathlessly

destroyer/ destroy destruction destructive destructively obey

obedience obedient obediently

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Language Homework Assignments

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– 42 –