WHAT IS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION ?

What is Wireless Communication?

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What is Wireless Communication? When it started, how it works, what are its advantages, many questions often come in people's minds. But due to the absence of correct and complete information, they do not find the answer to these questions. This technical term wireless communication was first introduced in the 19th century and since then, it has been constantly evolving. This is a very important medium for transmission of information from one device to another device In this technology, information is transmitted only in the air without any cable or wire. To transmit information, electromagnetic waves such as IR, RF, Satellite etc. are used.

Today we live in a time where wireless has contributed a lot to everything. Whether it is Mobile Phones, GPS Receivers, Remote Controls, Bluetooth Audio, and Wi-Fi only, wireless technology is used in all. And most importantly, these devices have become a major part of our lives. Speak to the present then wireless communication technology refers to where both of wireless communications devices and technologies are included, including smartphones to computers, tabs, laptops, Bluetooth technology, printers etc.

As we all know, Wireless Communication is the fastest growing and most vibrant technology area of the communication field. Wireless communication is a method of transmitting information without any physical medium. Therefore it is very important to keep information about this technology. So today I thought about why you should provide information to people in what is Wireless Communication. So let's look at the overview of Wireless communication in this article today and also know about types of wireless communications.

What is Wireless Communication

Wireless is written separately if we make it Wire Less. It means that the potter or nonwire. So wireless information is sent from one place to another, in wireless communication, these distances may be less or more. Technically, then, in a communication system, the transmitter is used to transmit information, so that the receiver is used to get it at the other end, which is kept in the receiver end. With the help of Wireless Communication, the transmitter and the receiver are placed anywhere, according to its requirement, even if it is only a few meters (such as in a T.V. Remote Control) or few thousand kilometers (such as in Satellite Communication).

At the present time, the wireless communication system has become a very important part of various types of wireless communication devices, which permits users to operate from remote operating areas too. Talk about Devices, then there are many such devices that use wireless communication such as Cordless telephones,

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Zigbee wireless technology, GPS, Wi-Fi, satellite television and wireless computerparts. At the same time, 3G and 4G networks, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies areprominent in Current wireless phones.

Perhaps you might be thinking that if there is no physical medium then how do these wireless communication signals transmit? Then the answer is that even if no cables are used in Wireless communication, Antennas are used to properly handle the transmission and reception of Signals.

Antennas are one type of electrical devices that can act as electrical signals in radiosignals (which have electromagnetic (EM) waves) and vice versa.

Wired Medium vs Wireless Medium

Communication Systems can be mainly of two types: Wired or Wireless and themedium used to communicate it is Guided or Unguided.

In Wired Communication, the medium is a physical path such as Co-axial Cables,Twisted Pair Cables, and Optical Fiber Links etc. which guide the signal from one pointto the other to propagate. Such a medium is called Guided Medium.

At the same time, wireless communication in which no physical medium is needed, but here only propagates through the signal space. Because these signals do not require any guidance, so to propagate this medium is called Unguided Medium, in Wireless Communication.

History of Wireless Communication

At the time of signaling, smoke signals, flags, and flashing mirrors were used at the time. At the same time, wireless communication has become an important part of human life and it also evolves continuously. Talk about Modern Wireless Communication then i.e. There are mainly electrical signals and radio waves used for communication, which has been used in more than the last 100 years.

In 1897, Guglielmo Marconi successfully demonstrated Wireless Telegraphy when he sent a short distance to EM Waves which had been sent to about 100 meters. This demonstration was a very modern award according to the time that later opened the door for Radio Communication and this term was taken from Radio, Radiant Energy.

Later in the early 1900s, Trans-Atlantic radio transmission was established, where Marconi transmitted the successful messages into the form of the Morse code. From then on, wireless communication technology and Wireless Systems did not look back and went on an advanced day by day. With this, the range of transmission gradually increased, with the help of low cost and cheaper devices.

If we look at the development of wireless communication completely then we willsee that there are many such wireless systems and methods that have been

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developed further and many have disappeared slowly. For example, TelephoneCommunication and Television Transmission

In the beginning, all the telephone related communications were carried by the wired network (some are still doing). But due to the rapid growth of Mobile Communication, these complex wired telephone system is being gradually replaced. In this scenario, the wired technology became completely outdated and replaced with the help of wireless communication.

In the second scenario where wireless communication was replaced by wired communication, it happened in Television broadcasting. Where the first television signals were broadcasted with the help of wireless radio transmitters. But this setup was replaced by cable television.

In both of these examples it shows that due to the development of technology, we have this facility that we can choose the same for ourselves, which is best according to the situation. As in some places the wired communication was the best, in some, there was the Wireless best option.

What is Electromagnetic Wave?

Electromagnetic waves carry the electromagnetic energy of the electromagnetic field with your space through it. In Electromagnetic Waves, Gamma Rays (γ-Rays), X-Rays, Ultraviolet Rays, Visible Light, Infrared Rays, Microwave Rays, and Radio Waves are the main ones. Electromagnetic Waves (usually Radio Waves) is used in wireless communication to carry signals.

In an electromagnetic wave, both electric and magnetic fields are in the form of timevarying sinusoidal waves. Here both fields oscillate in perpendicular ways with each other and the direction of propagation of that electromagnetic wave is always perpendicular with both fields.

Mathematically, an electromagnetic wave is described with the help of Maxwell's equations. Talk about the Pictorial representation of an Electromagnetic Wave, then the Electric Field is in Y-axis, in the magnetic field Z - axis and the Electromagnetic Wave always propagates in X-axis.

Why was Wireless Communication brought?

When all the tasks can be done in wired communication that can communicatewirelessly, then the question arises why do we need wireless communication?

The most important and important benefit of this is that wireless communication provides more mobility. Except for Mobility, Wireless communication also offers more flexibility and ease of use, which makes it more popular every day. For example, you can use wireless communication such as mobile telephony anytime and anywhere which gives you the

highest performance.

The second big advantage is infrastructure. Where the setup and installation infrastructure of the Wired Communication system is a very expensive and timeconsuming job. The infrastructure of wireless communication can be easily installed and that too at low cost.

Along with emergency situations and remote locations, where the setup of wiredcommunication is very difficult, wireless communication is a very good option.

What are the Basic Elements of the Wireless Communication System?

There are mainly three elements of a typical Wireless Communication System: theTransmitter, the Channel and the Receiver.

A transmitter is a work of transmitting signals, so the function of the channel is topropagate the medium to the signal and the receiver's work is to receive signals.

The Transmission Path

In a typical transmission path of the Wireless Communication System, these are mainly things such as Encoder, Encryption, Modulation, and Multiplexing. The signal is passed first by source, through a source encoder, which converts the signal into a suitable form, in which the signal processing techniques are applied.

In this process, the redundant information of Signal is removed, thereby maximizing the utilization of resources. After that, it is encrypted through an Encryption Standard to enable the signal and information to be secure and no unauthorized access can be allowed.

Channel encoding is a technique that is applied in the signal, which can reduce the impairments of the signal such as noise, interference, etc. During this process, a small amount is introduced in the redundancy signal, so that it can become robust against noise. The signal is then modulated with the help of a suitable modulation technique (such as PSK, FSK and QPSK etc.), it can easily transmit the signal with the help of antenna.

This modulated signal is then multiplexed with other signals in which differentMultiplexing Techniques such as Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (FDM) are used so that they share this valuable bandwidth.

The Channel

In Wireless Communication, the channel indicates that medium of transmission in which the signal is propagated i.e. open space A wireless channel is very unpredictable, extremely variable and random by nature. A channel can easily be disturbed, or it becomes very common due to interference, distortion, noise,

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scattering, etc. And in the result received errors in the received signal is verycommon.

The Reception Path

The main task of the receiver is to collect signal from the channel and reproduce it as a source signal. There is a lot of things in the reception path of the Wireless Communication System such as Demultiplexing, Demodulation, Channel Decoding, Decryption, and Source Decoding. It is clear from these components that the receiver's work is completely reversed by the transmitter's work.

The signal from the channel is received by the demultiplexer and it is also made separate from the second signals. Individual signals are demodulated by appropriate Demodulation Techniques and the original message signal is subsequently recovered. Then redundant bits are removed from the message with the help of Channel Decoder.

Since the message is encrypted, so by decryption of signals, it removes its securityand transforms it into a simple sequence of bits. Finally, it is provided to the signalsource decoder, so that the original transmitted message or signal can be found.

Types of Wireless Transmission

Different types of signals are used for wireless transmission of data. Here I have mentioned some different electromagnetic signals which are used for transmission and they are used according to their wavelength and frequency. Let's know about this.

Radio Frequency Transmission

a) Infrared Transmission

b) Microwave Transmission

c) Lightwave Transmission

a) Radio Frequency Transmission

Radio frequency is a type of form electromagnetic transmission used in wireless communication. RF signals can be easily generated, it is usually ranged from 3kHz to 300GHz range. They are used in wireless communication because their particular insight is that they can easily penetrate into objects and they can also travel long distances.

Radio communication depends on some parameters, which are wavelength,transmitter power, receiver quality, type, size and height of the antenna.

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Drawbacks 1. These frequencies are dependent. 2. It has relatively low bandwidth for data transmission.

b) Infrared Transmission

Infrared radiations are called electromagnetic radiations, which have longer wavelengths than visible light. They are used primarily for short-range communication. These signals can not pass through solid objects. Television remote control, for example, mobile data sharing.

c) Microwave Transmission

Microwaves are a type of form called electromagnetic transmission used in wireless communication systems. The wavelength of the microwave comes from one meter to one millimeter. It varies from 300MHz to 300GHz. They are mainly used for longdistance communication and this is very less expensive.

Drawbacks 1. These cannot pass from the microwave buildings. 2. Bad weather has an impact on signal transmission. 3. These frequencies are dependent.

d) Lightwave Transmission

Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength range is between interred radiations and ultraviolet radiations. The range of its wavelength is between 430 and 750thz. These are mainly unguided optical signals such as laser and together with these also unidirectional. Drawbacks

1. These signals can not penetrate the rain and the fog.2. These laser beams are easily diverted by air.

Types of Wireless Communication

By the way, there are many different types of wireless communications in which Mehmood has satellite communication, IR wireless communication, broadcast radio, cellular, microwave, radio, Wifi, Mobile Communication, Bluetooth, WLAN, Paging etc.

Satellite Communication

Satellite communication is a form of self-contained wireless communication technology, it is widely spread all over the world, which helps users stay connected with each other and why they should not be at any other end in the world. When a signal (this is a beam of a modulated microwave) is sent near the satellite, then satellite amplifies the signal and then returns it again to the earth surface, which receives antenna receiver and which That is the place in the surface of the earth.

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There are two main components in satellite communication such as the first space segment and the second is a ground segment. In the Ground segment, there are fixed or mobile transmission, reception, and ancillary equipment, in the space segment itself, primarily the satellite itself.

Satellite communication is a type of wireless technology that has its own very important importance in the world. They have some special features that they use only in certain special situations. Those devices use these satellite technologies to communicate directly to these orbiting satellites that use radio signals to communicate.

These provide the facility to users so that they are virtually well connected witheveryone. Portable satellite phones and modems have more powerful broadcastfeature and reception hardware than cellular devices as they range in larger ones.

Infrared Communication

Infrared wireless communication uses IR radiation to communicate information. IR is a type of electromagnetic energy in which wavelength is slightly longer compared to red light. They are used in security control, TV remote control, and short-range communication. In the electromagnetic spectrum, IR radiation always comes between the microwaves and visible light. Therefore, they are used as a source of communication.

For successful infrared communication, a photo LED transmitter and a photodiode receptor are required. This LED transmit IR signal to non-visible light form, which is captured and saved by the photoreceptor. Therefore, information is transferred in such a way as to the source and target. These sources and destinations can be any device such as mobile phones, TVs, security systems, laptops, etc. that support wireless communication.

Broadcast Radio

The first wireless communication technology was an open radio communication that used to be very much, and in many places, it is still used. With the help of Handy multichannel radios, a user can broadcast the message for short distances, the same citizens' band and maritime radios are used by sea mariners, on the lines of communication services.

In an audio broadcasting service, the radio sounds through broadcast air, which is actually radio waves. A transmitter is used in the radio which transmits data in transmit radio waves, which is later received by the antenna. Cable FM, net and satellites are used for radio broadcasting. In broadcast, the information is sent to the long distance and in the speed of about two megabits/sec (AM / FM Radio).

Radio waves are one type of electromagnetic signals, which are transmitted with the

help of antenna. These waves have completely different frequency segments, and ifyou want to receive that audio signal then you have to make changes in the frequencysegment.

For example, you can think of a radio station. When someone speaks RJ you are listening to 95.6 FM, then it means that the radio station's signal is being broadcast in the frequency of 95.6 megahertz. And if you have to listen to songs from a different station then you have to change the frequency accordingly.

Cellular

In a cellular network, encrypted radio links are used, and which is modulated so that it allows a lot of users to communicate in the same frequency band. Because individual handsets do not have much amount of broadcasting power, this system is dependent on a network of cellular towers which are capable to triangulate the source of the signal and handle reception duties with it to the most suitable antenna. Could reach.

Data transmission in the Cellular Network is only possible in the modern 4G system, in which the speed wired DSL can be close. Cellular companies charge their customers in the voice according to the minutes in voice and kilobytes according to the data.

Microwave communications

Microwave wireless communication is the communication of a very effective type, radio waves are used in this transmission, and wavelengths of radio waves are measured in centimeters. In this communication, two methods are used to transfer data and information. One is the satellite method and the second is the terrestrial method.

In the satellite method, the satellite is used to transmit data, which keeps orbit 22,300 miles above Earth. Stations that are on earth send and receive data signals that come from satellite and whose frequency range is 11GHz-14GHz and have a transmission speed of 1Mbps to 10Mbps.

In the same terrestrial method, there are two microwave towers in which both of them need to be a clear line of sight, together with this, take into account that there is no obstruction between the LOS (line of sight) which can disrupt it. It is used mostly for the purpose of privacy. Its frequency range is 4GHz-6GHz and transmission speed is 1Mbps to 10Mbps. Its main disadvantage is that it is easily affected by bad weather.

Wi-Fi

WiFi is a low power wireless communication, used in many electronic devices such as smartphones, laptops, etc. A router in this setup works wirelessly at the end of a communication hub. These networks allow users to be connected only when you put your device in the close proximity of that router. WiFi is a very common name in

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networking applications which offers portability wirelessly. These networks should beprotected by passwords otherwise they can use any of them.

In a WiFi setup, a wireless router that works like a communication hub, which can be used to connect the portable device to the Internet. According to the configuration of the router, the network decides how many devices can be connected simultaneously. The range of these networks is limited as it has low power transmission, so it only connects with these devices within close proximity.

Mobile Communication Systems

These networks were divided into generations by the advancement of Mobile Networks. Many users use a single frequency band to communicate through mobile phones. Cellular and cordless phones are examples of two devices that use wireless signals to operate. Cell phones have a larger range of networks, which provide coverage. But there is a limited range of Cordless Phones.

Bluetooth Technology

Bluetooth technology is used to connect with different electronic devices. Once you're connected, you can easily send and receive data. Cell phones can be connected with hands-free earphones, Bluetooth mouse, wireless keyboard. This technology has many functions and it is mostly used in the wireless communication market.

Paging

Let's assume that the technology of this paging has ended in a complete way, but there was a time when paging used to be used loudly. Since the usage of mobile phones increased and people stopped using it. Paging is based on a simple system in which the information was sent in the form of messages, in which only messages received to users. They used to use pagers.

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wireless Local Area Network or WLAN (Wi-Fi), is an internet related wireless service. By using this WLAN, different devices such as laptops and mobile phones can connect with an access point comfortably and get access to the Internet.

Benefits of Wireless Communication

By the way, wireless communication has many advantages, but here we will onlylearn important topics.

Cost

Physical infrastructure, such as installing wires, cables, and other infrastructure, does not have to pay anything. In wireless communication, there is a lot of reduction in overall cost, if it compares with the wired communication system. Installing a wired network in large buildings costs a lot. Apart from this, there is a lot of waste of time in

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it.

Together, if there are holes in any of the historical buildings, then it also damages theheritage of our country. If we use the wired communication system then.

Mobility

This gives us more mobility, it means that you can also move comfortably along thenetwork and connecting it with ease.

Ease of Installation

This network can be easily installed because there is no need to worry about cables.Together it takes a lot of time to set up.

Reliability

Since no cables and wires are used in it, there are very few chances of failure in wireless communication. Whether it is any natural disaster, there is less chance of more malfunction in the wireless system.

Recovery of Natural Disaster

Whether it is a natural disaster like fire, flood or any disasters, loss of communicationinfrastructure is very low, so the recovery cost is also minimal.

Fast

In this, data transmission is very fast if we compare it with other communications

Loss of wireless communication

You must have already understood that there are many advantages of wireless communication compared to wired communication, but there are also many disadvantages. Let's know in the same context.

Interference

Wireless communication systems mostly use open space to transmit the signal at the end of a medium. Because of which there are many chances that radio signals can interfere with a wireless communication system or any other signals from the network.

For example, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (WLAN) 2.4GHz frequency is used in bothtechnologies for communication, and when both these devices are active at the sametime there are chances that they can interfere with each other.

Security

Since signals are transmitted in open space in wireless communication, chances are

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that an intruder can intercept that signal and steal sensitive information located in it.

Having Health Concerns

No type of radiation is okay for our body. Then continuous exposure is absolutely notright. This increases the chances of a lot of diseases.

What are Wireless Communication Applications?

There are so many features of Wireless communication, so it can also be used inmany places. Let's know more about its applications.

There are very wide applications of wireless communication. for example

* Space

* Military

* Telecommunications

* Wireless Power Transmission

* IoT

* Radar communication

* Artificial intelligence

* Fiber optics

* Intelligent Transport Systems

This was the complete information about Wireless Communication, its applications, advantages and disadvantages, types of Wireless communication and so on. WiFi, WiMax, Bluetooth, Femtocell, 3G, and 4G are some of the most important standards of Wireless technology.

Conclusion

I hope that I give you full information about what people have wireless communication and I hope you have understood the history of wireless communication. If you have any doubts about this article in your mind or you want some improvement in it then you can write down comments for it. With your thoughts, we will get a chance to learn something and improve it. If you have enjoyed writing this article on wireless communication or you have learned something from it, please share this post on social networks such as Facebook, Google+ and Twitter to show your happiness and excitement.