Challenges of international migration Department: Political Science (Faculty of Arts, Comenius University) WS 2013/2014 (23.09.2013 – 20.12.2013) Povinnosti študentov (účasť, hodnotenie, opakovanie) na kurze sa riadia Študijným poriadkom Univerzity Komenského, č. 8/2013, a to najmä čl. 21 až 23. Jeho aktuálna verzia je dostupná na webstránke Katedry v sekcii dokumenty. Lecturer: Contact: Schedule: Room:
Aims and objectives:
Assessment: Evaluation: Explanation:
Mgr. Zsolt GÁL PhD. Katedra politológie Filozofická fakulta UK, Gondova 2, 81499, Bratislava, +421/2-59244528, gal@fphil.uniba.sk Monday 14.20 – 15.50 N 216 (The Department Library) The aim of the course is to examine the widespread challenges that developed host countries face after several migration waves during the last decades. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, students in their presentations should address economic, demographic, social and political problems, search for the causes of these problems, and try to explain the many differences (and similarities) between immigrants and natives, various groups of immigrants, within and across the countries. By preparing presentations and writing a paper on a chosen topic students also have the possibility to improve presentation and writing skills (in English) and they are persuaded to actively discuss every issue. 10 % - Active participation 50 % - Presentations and notes (handouts) 40 % - Seminar paper (study on a chosen topic) A– 85-100 % D – 58-67 % B– 76-85 % E – 50-58 % C– 67-76 % Fx – < 50 % Presentation – Two short (15-20 minutes with additional 10-15 minutes discussion) presentations should be given by each student during the course. One on the general topics and one country study. The possible sources for presentations on general topics are listed below (attached to each topic), but these are just to give an idea what kind of studies can help us to better understand each particular problem; so other sources are welcomed too. (At the end you can find a long list of web links to various institutions and think tanks where one can find many more publications related to the course.) The students (in a power point presentation) should try to (interestingly) explain the main questions, findings, arguments and conclusions of the papers while focusing on the most important issues and keeping the time limit. In a country study the description of the short history of migration waves to a particular state, the (racial, ethnic, social) composition of the immigrant population (or the population with immigrant background) and the summary of main problems related to immigration is needed. A few page handout (written summary of the presentation) is required. Max. 15 points could be given for each presentation. Handout (notes) – two summary notes are required from each student (one for the general topic and one for the Country study). The notes should be prepared according to the course schedule and given (in a printed form) to the lecturer and shared with other students. They should be informative as much as possible to give an idea to other students about the problem/immigrants in a particular country as well as with references on useful sources. Max. 10 points could be given for each summary. Seminar paper – a 6 to 10 page paper (without notes, references, tables and figures) is required on any of the topics in the course schedule (it could be focused more on a particular issue). The topic should be agreed by the course instructor. Try to avoid simple
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descriptions and write a paper focusing on sources of problems, comparisons of immigrant groups, countries etc; asking questions, trying to answer them, arguing and drawing down conclusions is what is needed instead of just describing immigrant populations (it does not mean a good description is not welcomed).
Schedule and topics 0. 23.09.13 I.
07.10.13
II.
14.10.13
Introduction: Introduction to the course: explaining the structure, division of presentation topics. General topic: Demographic situation and Immigration The aging of Western societies and the possibilities of replacement migration. What is the long-term potential of migration in offsetting the aging process? Possible sources: UN PD – United Nations Population Division, 2000, Replacement Migration: Is It a Solution to Declining and Ageing Populations? Results (Chapter IV.), UNO, New York, Online: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/migration/chap4.pdf, 27.11.2004. Sobotka, Tomáš, 2008, The rising importance of migrants for childbearing in Europe. In: Demographic Research, Vol. 19, pp. 225-248, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock. Bengtsson, T. (Ed.) 2010, Population Ageing - A Threat to the Welfare State? The Case of Sweden. Demographic Research Monographs 8, Springer, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock.
Country study: United States of America General topic: Economic effects of immigration What is the general economic impact of immigration on host societies? The socioeconomic situation of immigrants/people with immigrant background. What are the differences (between various countries, groups of migrants, different migration waves etc.)? Possible sources: House of Lords – Select Committee on Economic Affairs 2008. The Economic Impact of Immigration. House of Lords, London. IPPR – Institute for Public Policy Research 2008. Britain’s immigrants: an economic profile. Institute for Public Policy Research, London. Gonzalez, Libertad – Ortega, Francesco 2009. Immigration and Housing Booms: Evidence from Spain. CReAM Discussion Paper No 19/09. Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration, Department of Economics, University College London. Blanchflower, David G. – Saleheen, Jumana – Shadforth, Chris 2007. The Impact of the Recent Migration from Eastern Europe on the UK Economy. Bank of England, London. http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/speeches/2007/speech297.pdf (17.12.2007)
III. 21.10.13
Country study: Australia General topic: The fiscal balance of immigration for the host countries Cost and benefits related to the migrant population in the host countries. Is it possible in Western societies to alleviate the fiscal burden of ageing with immigration? Possible sources: Gál, Zsolt 2009. Immigration to advanced countries – five main approaches. In: Panorama of global security environment 2009. Centre for European and North Atlantic Affairs (CENAA), Bratislava, pp. 607-624. Estimates of the fiscal impact: Access Economics PTY Limited, 2008, Migrant’s Fiscal Impact Model: 2008 Update. Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Camberra. Camarota, Steven A. 2004, The High Cost of Cheap Labor. Illegal Immigration and the Federal Budget. Center for Immigration Studies, Washington D.C. Dustmann, Christian – Frattini, Tommaso – Halls, Caroline 2009. Assessing the Fiscal
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Costs and Benefits of A8 Migration to the UK. CReAM Discussion Paper No 18/09. Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration, Department of Economics, University College London. Ekberg, Jan, 1999, Immigration and the public sector: Income effects for the native population in Sweden. In: Journal of Population Economics, 1999/12 pp. 411-430. Gott, Ceri – Johnston, Karl, 2002, The migrant population in the UK: fiscal effects. Occasional Paper 77, Home Office, London. Roodenburg, H. J. et al. 2003, Immigration and the Dutch Economy. CPB – Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, CBP Special Publications, The Hague. Sriskandarajah, Dhananjayan – Cooley, Laurence – Reed, Howard 2005. Paying their way: the fiscal contribution of immigrants in the UK. Institute for Public Policy Research, London. Wadensjö, Eskil 2006. Immigration and net transfers within the public sector in Denmark. In: European Journal of Political Economy 23 /2007, pp. 472–485.
IV.
28.10.13
V.
Country study: United Kingdom General topic: Immigration and the welfare state The impact of immigration on the welfare state and the impact of welfare systems and their reforms on immigrant communities/communities with immigrant background. Possible sources: Borjas, George J. 2002, The impact of welfare reform on immigrant welfare use. Center for Immigration Studies, Washington D.C. Grubel, Herbert and Grady, Patrick 2011, Immigration and the Canadian Welfare State 2011. Studies in Immigration and Refugee Policy, Fraser Institute. Ekberg, Jan, 2006, Immigration to the Welfare State. Is it a Burden or a Contribution? The Case of Sweden, AMID Working Paper Series 48/2006, Akademiet for Migrationsstudier i Danmark (The Academy for Migration Studies in Denmark), Aalborg University, Aalborg. BORJAS, GEORGE J. – GROGGER ,JEFFREY and HANSON, GORDON H. 2010, Immigration and the Economic Status of African-American Men, Economica (2010) 77, pp. 255–282, The London School of Economics and Political Science.
Country study: France General topic: Immigrants on the labor market The situation of immigrants on the labor market, employment and unemployment levels, differences compared to natives and differences between various groups of migrants, possible causes of these differences. Possible sources:
11.11.13
OECD on the Labor Market Integration of Immigrants and their Children (several documents to download) http://www.oecd.org/document/15/0,3746,en_2649_34709_38002191_1_1_1_1,00.html
Münz, Rainer 2008, Migration, Labor Markets, and Integration of Migrants: An Overview for Europe, SP Discussion Paper 0807, Social Protection & Labor, The World Bank. European Parliament, 2011, The integration of migrants and its effects on the labour market, European Parliament’s Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, Brussels.
VI. 18.11.13
Country study: Germany General topic: Labor mobility within the EU The characteristics of labor migration flow from the new member states after the 2004 and 2007 (“Eastern”) enlargements of the EU. Possible sources: European Integration Consortium 2009, Labour mobility within the EU in the context of enlargement and the functioning of the transitional arrangements – Several documents to download from: http://ec.europa.eu/social/keyDocuments.jsp? type=0&policyArea=0&subCategory=0&country=0&year=2009&advSearchKey=transitional+arrangem ents&mode=advancedSubmit&langId=en or: http://www.wiiw.ac.at/?action=publ&id=topics&value=2&from=30
Ahearne, Alan – Brucker, Herbert – Darvas, Zsolt – Weizsacker, Jakob von 2009.
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Cyclical dimensions of labour mobility after EU enlargement. Bruegel Working Papers 2009/3, Bruegel Brussels. Blanchflower, David G. – Saleheen, Jumana – Shadforth, Chris 2007. The Impact of the Recent Migration from Eastern Europe on the UK Economy. Bank of England, London. http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/speeches/2007/speech297.pdf (17.12.2007)
Dustmann, Christian – Frattini, Tommaso – Halls, Caroline 2009. Assessing the Fiscal Costs and Benefits of A8 Migration to the UK. CReAM Discussion Paper No 18/09. Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration, Department of Economics, University College London. Lemos, Sara – Portes, Jonathan 2008. The impact of migration from the new European Union Member States on native workers. Department for Work and Pensions. http://research.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/wp52.pdf (10.10.2009)
VII.
25.11.13
VIII.
02.12.13
Country study: Spain or Italy General topic: Immigration and integration Integration of immigrants and their descendants to the host societies: economic, cultural, political etc. integration, success and failure of integration policies, comparison of different models, possible reforms. Possible sources: Borjas, George J. 2006, Making It in America: Social Mobility in the Immigrant Population, In: The Future of Children, VOL. 16 / NO. 2 / FALL 2006. Causa, Orsetta and Jean, Sébastien (2007), “Integration of Immigrants in OECD Countries: Do Policies Matter? OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 564, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/162367775052 Schönwälder, Karen (Ed.) 2007, Residential Segregation and the Integration of Immigrants: Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden, Discussion Paper Nr. SP IV 2007-602, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH (Social Science Research Center Berlin), Berlin.
Country study: Sweden or The Netherlands General topic: Immigration and crime Crime in immigrant communities/communities with immigrant background; Are there differences when comparing immigrants and natives or various groups of immigrants? If yes where to find the possible causes? Possible sources: International Centre for Prison Studies – King’s College London, 2008, Prison Brief Highest to Lowest Rates, Entire world - Foreign prisoners (percentage within the prison population). http://www.kcl.ac.uk/depsta/law/research/icps/worldbrief/wpb_stats.php? area=all&category=wb_foreign (23.10.2008)
Rumbaut, Rubén G. et al. 2006, Debunking the Myth of Immigrant Criminality: Imprisonment Among First- and Second-Generation Young Men. Migration Policy Institute, Washington D.C.
IX.
09.12.13
Country study: Czech Republic General topic: Immigration and national security Addressing the threat of radicalism and terrorism in immigrant communities (or communities with immigrant background). Possible sources: National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States, 2004, The 9/11 Commission Report, Washington D.C. Kephart, Janice L [2005]: Immigration and Terrorism – Moving Beyond the 9/11 Staff Report on Terrorist Travel. Center for Immigration Studies, Washington DC, http://www.cis.org/articles/2005/kephart.pdf (2006.05.20.)
Intelligence and Security Committee, 2006, Report into the London Terrorist Attacks on 7 July 2005, London. Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/11_05_06_isc_london_attacks_report.pdf (12.05.2006)
House of Commons [2006]: Report of the Official Account of the Bombings in London on 7th July 2005. London, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/11_05_06_narrative.pdf (2006.05.12.)
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Country study: possibility to chose a preferred country General topic: Immigration and politics The emergence of political movements and parties opposing (large scale) immigration all around the Western World. How we can explain the rising popularity of these movements and parties, what are the similarities and differences between them?
X.
16.12.13
Possible sources: Rydgren, Jens 2008, Immigration sceptics, xenophobes or racists? Radical right-wing voting in six West European countries, In: European Journal of Political Research 47: 737–765, 2008 (European Consortium for Political Research), Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford. Rydgren, Jens 2005, Is extreme right-wing populism contagious? Explaining the emergence of a new party family, In: European Journal of Political Research 44: 413–437, 2005, (European Consortium for Political Research), Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford. Van der Brug, Wouter – Fennema, Meindert 2006, The support base of radical right parties in the enlarged European Union, Paper prepared for the EES Spring Meeting 2006 on The European Parliament election of 2004, Lisbon. Cochrane, Christopher – Nevitte, Neil, Support for Far-Right Anti-Immigration Political Parties in Advanced Industrial States: Insiders, Outsiders and Economic Disaffection, University of Toronto.
Country study: Slovakia Final evaluation of presentations and notes, deadline for seminar papers (16.12.2013) Other general books: Baršová, Andrea – Barša, Pavel, 2005, Přistěhovalectví a liberální stát, Imigrační a integrační politiky v USA, západní Evropě a Česku. Masarykova univerzita v Brně, Medzinárodný politologický ústav, Brno. Bodvarsson, Örn B. – Van den Berg, Hendrik 2009. The Economics of Immigration, Theory and Policy. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg. Borjas, George J. 2001. Heaven’s door. Immigration policy and the American economy. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Galgozci, Béla – a Leschke, Janine and Watt, Andrew eds., 2009 EU Labour Migration Since Enlargement. Trends, Impacts and Policies, Ashgate. Kahanec, Martin, and Zimmermann, Klaus F. eds. 2009, EU Labor Markets after Postenlargement Migration. Berlin: Springer.
Useful sources: International organizations: IOM – International Organization for Migration http://www.iom.int/jahia/jsp/index.jsp POPIN – United Nations Population Information Network http://www.un.org/popin/ UNHCR – United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva/Switzerland http://www.unhcr.ch/
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development http://www.oecd.org IMF – International Monetary Fund http://www.imf.org ILO – International Labour Organization http://www.ilo.org/global/lang--en/index.htm IBRD/WB – The World Bank http://www.worldbank.org/ WHO – World Health Organization http://www.who.int/en/ WTO – World Trade Organization http://www.wto.org/ Official bodies: EU: Official Webpage of the European Union http://europa.eu/
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European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm The Representation of European Commission in Slovakia (Zastúpenie Európskej komisie v Slovenskej republike, Palisády 29, 811 06 Bratislava, + 421/2/54 43 17 18, info@europa.sk) http://ec.europa.eu/slovensko/index_sk.htm European Central Bank http://www.ecb.europa.eu/home/html/index.en.html
Eurostat – Statistical Office of the European communities http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/
US: BEA - Bureau of Economic Analysis (Department of Commerce) http://www.bea.gov/ CBO – Congressional Budget Office http://www.cbo.gov/ Fed – Federal Reserve Board of Governors http://www.federalreserve.gov/ NBER – National Bureau of Economic Research http://www.nber.org/ Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics http://www.dhs.gov/files/statistics/immigration.shtm US Census Bureau http://www.census.gov/
Australia: Department of Immigration and Citizenship http://www.immi.gov.au/ Migration Institute of Australia (MIA) http://mia.org.au/ Some think thanks researching mostly migration issues: US: Center for Immigration Studies (US) http://www.cis.org/ Migration Policy Institute (US) http://www.migrationpolicy.org/about/index.php Center for Comparative Immigration Studies (University of California, San Diego) http://www.ccis-ucsd.org/
The Center for Migration Studies (New York) http://www.cmsny.org/ Institute for the Study of International Migration (ISIM, Georgetown University) http://isim.georgetown.edu/
UK: CReAM – Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (UK) http://www.econ.ucl.ac.uk/cream/ Migrationwatch UK http://www.migrationwatchuk.org/ Migration Research Unit, University of London, http://www.geog.ucl.ac.uk/mru/ Other European countries: Centre for Research in International Migration and Ethnic Relations (Stockholm University) http://www.ceifo.su.se/ European Forum for Migration Studies, Institute of the University of Bamberg http://www.uni-bamberg.de/efms
INED – Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris/France, http://www.ined.fr/en/homepage_of_ined_website/
MIGRINTER, Migrations Internationales, CNRS, University de Poitiers/France http://www.mshs.univ-poitiers.fr/migrinter/index.php
Nederlands Interdisciplinair Demografisch Instituut, Den Haag/The Netherlands http://www.nidi.knaw.nl/smartsite.dws?lang=NL&ch=NID&id=2807 Network Migration in Europe, Berlin/Germany http://www.network-migration.org/
Think tanks not specifically devoted to migration (but potentially rich sources of information some of them with units for research of migration):
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EU: BRUEGEL, Brussels European and Global Economic Laboratory (Brussels) http://www.bruegel.org/
CESifo Group (consisting of the Center for Economic Studies (CES), the Ifo Institute and the CESifo GmbH (Munich Society for the Promotion of Economic Research)) http://www.cesifo-group.de/portal/page/portal/ifoHome
Centre for European Policy Studies, CEPS (Brussels) http://www.ceps.be/ Centre for European Reform, CER (London) http://www.cer.org.uk/ Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs, London) http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/
European Institute of Public Administration, EIPA (Maastricht) http://www.eipa.nl/ European Policy Centre, EPC http://www.epc.eu/ European Policy Forum, EPF (London) http://www.epfltd.org/ European Trade Union Institute, ETUI (Brussels) http://www.etuc.org/etui European Union Institute for Security Studies, ISS, (Paris) http://www.iss.europa.eu/ Hamburg Institute of International Economics (Hamburgische WeltWirtschaftsInstitut – HWWI) http://www.hwwi.org/ Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy, ELIAMEP (Athens) http://www.eliamep.gr/en/
International Crisis Group, ICG (Brussels (HQ)) http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm IIES - Institute for International Economic Studies (Stockholm) http://www.iies.su.se/ IPPR – Institute for Public Policy Research (UK) http://www.ippr.org/ IZA – Institute for the Study of Labor (Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit), (Bonn) http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/index_html?lang=en
Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Rostock) http://www.demogr.mpg.de/en/default.htm
Netherlands Institute of International Relations 'Clingendael' (The Hague) http://www.clingendael.nl/
Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, CPB (The Hague) http://www.cpb.nl/ Notre Europe (Paris) http://www.notre-europe.asso.fr/sommaire.php3?lang=fr Policy Network (London) http://www.policy-network.net/ Stockholm Institute of Transitional Economies http://www.hhs.se/site/Pages/default.aspx WIFO - Österreichisches Institut Für Wirtschaftsforschung http://www.wifo.ac.at/wwa/jsp/index.jsp WIIW - Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (http://www.wiiw.ac.at/ US: AEI – American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research http://www.aei.org/ Brookings Institution http://www.brookings.edu/ Cato Institute http://www.cato.org/ Center for American Progress http://www.americanprogress.org/ The Center for Economic and Policy Research http://www.cepr.net/ The Claremont Institute http://www.claremont.org/ Economic Policy Institute http://www.epi.org/ The Heritage Foundation http://www.heritage.org/ Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace http://www.hoover.org/ The Independent Institute http://www.independent.org/ Lexington Institute http://www.lexingtoninstitute.org/ Ludwig von Mises Institute http://mises.org/ Manhattan Institute for Policy Research http://www.manhattan-institute.org/ Pew Research Center http://people-press.org/ RAND Corporation http://www.rand.org/ The Urban Institute http://www.urban.org/ 7