G5_Main_T2_CMS by Uolo

Computer Science

TERM II

About the Book This book embodies the principles outlined in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It unveils the world of computer science through a unique and captivating pedagogical approach—seamlessly integrating curriculum content into the mesmerizing adventures of Mel and Conji, fictional figures hailing from the enchanting world of Avora. Our aim is to prepare learners for the dynamic and technology-driven landscape of the 21st century, equipping them with the essential skills they need to thrive in an ever-evolving world.

Accelerate

COMPUTER SCIENCE GRADE 5

Special Features • Explore More: QR codes to explore an exciting application of the concept. This element builds curiosity in children and helps them grasp concepts through digital visual aids. 5

• Discuss: Questions to trigger engaging group discussions in the classroom. • Think and Tell: Probing questions to stimulate thinking at an individual level. • Did You Know? Interesting facts related to the application of a concept. • Points to Remember: Chapter end summary. • Do It Yourself: Milestone exercises to practice specific concepts. • Chapter Checkup: A pool of questions catering to all topics and skills covered in the chapter.

About Uolo Uolo partners with K-12 schools to bring technology-based learning programs. We believe pedagogy and technology must come together to deliver scalable learning experiences that generate measurable outcomes. Uolo is trusted by over 10,000 schools across India, South East Asia, and the Middle East.

Singapore

Gurugram

CS_CB_Grade5_ICSE_Cover_CMT2.indd All Pages

Bengaluru

hello@uolo.com �249

NEP 2020 based

Technology powered

12/02/24 1:46 PM

ICSE

COMPUTER SCIENCE Grade 5 Term II

The Rise of Avora

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Foreword

Standing at the forefront of the digital and AI revolution, the importance of coding and computational skills has reached unprecedented heights. In today’s professional landscape, whether it’s in the fields of medicine, space exploration, education, science, or business, no sector remains untouched by this transformative wave. To not just survive but thrive in the 21st century, basic computer literacy is no longer sufficient. Learners must evolve into “digital natives” who can fluently read, write, and communicate in the languages that machines and AI comprehend. Recognizing this imperative, the National Education Policy of 2020 (NEP 2020) has strongly recommended the integration of coding skills, computational thinking, critical analysis, and problem-solving abilities into the curriculum. Moreover, forward-looking subjects like AI, Data Sciences, Computer Applications, and IT have been introduced as elective subjects from grade 9 onwards. It wouldn’t be surprising if further transformative measures are taken even at the elementary education level. Uolo has introduced an innovative 360-degree program for a coding-focused computer science curriculum, known as Tekie, spanning grades 1 to 8. Tekie is a significant stride towards STEM education that aims at making learners future ready—enabling them with skills needed in the ever-changing, technology-driven, and dynamic 21st-century world. Tekie adopts a captivating and engaging approach to learning, in line with the recommendations of the NEP 2020. The curriculum is ingeniously woven into the thrilling adventures of Mel and Conji, fictional characters from the enchanting land of Avora. The Mel and Conji series epitomizes a modern method of acquiring Computer Science knowledge and honing coding skills and computational thinking. Tekie is a technology-empowered curriculum that encompasses a few key components: • • • •

Main Content Books: These introduce learners to the theory of computer science and the tools used in the field. Topics in AI are also covered, along with experiential and curiosity-based learning resources. Coding Book: Specifically designed to nurture coding skills, this booklet aligns with the experiential and contextual learning approach of the curriculum, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Animated Learning Videos: The program is powered by high-quality animation-based learning videos that deliver learning in an engaging manner. Teacher Manual: This valuable resource supports classroom instruction, ensuring that educators can effectively deliver the curriculum.

Welcome to the captivating realm of Tekie! We hope you relish this educational journey as it equips you with the tools you need to thrive in the exciting and ever-changing world of the 21st century.

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Key Chapter Elements Each chapter has been divided into two key sections. Section A: Story-based Comic In every grade, students embark on an immersive experience in the “Adventures of Mel and Conji”. Within each chapter, in the initial section (Section A), the story unfolds, enveloping learners in an exciting journey. Through the story, students actively connect with fundamental concepts in the realm of Computer Science. Section B: Computer Science Concepts This section of the chapter focuses on the essential academic content. It provides the learning goals and assists teachers in their classroom instruction. This section also includes the following academic assets: HOTS questions to trigger engaging group discussions in the classroom.

Discuss!

What tasks can be done using a computer?

QR codes to explore an exciting application of the concept. This element builds curiosity in children and helps them grasp concepts through digital visual aids.

Explore More! Interesting facts related to the application of a concept.

Learn more about ENIAC, the first programmable, electronic, generalpurpose digital computer.

Did You Know?

ENIAC weighed more than 27 tons and took up 1,800 square feet space.

This is the chapter summary. It enables learners to glance through all key concepts covered in the chapter. Probing questions to stimulate HOTS at individual level.

Think and Tell

What are some basic things that you see on a computer?

Milestone exercises to practise specific concepts.

A pool of questions catering to all topics and skills covered in the chapter.

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Introduction to Avora

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Places in Avora

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Meet the Characters

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vii

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Contents

Themes and Layouts in Google Slides..............................................................................1     

 

  



Applying Animations Applying Transition

Adding Audio and Video

Block-based Coding Scratch 3.0

Creating a Project

Components of Scratch

Deleting a Sprite

Ways to Add a Sprite

Ways to Add a Backdrop

Ways to Add a Costume to a Sprite

Events Blocks Loops

Conditional and Sensing Blocks......................................................................................82    

Working With Master Slide

Events and Loops..............................................................................................................64 

Inserting Tables, Charts, and Diagrams

Sprites and Costumes.......................................................................................................49 

Applying and Modifying Themes

Introduction to Scratch 3.0..............................................................................................41 

Creating a Presentation Using Google Slides

Animations and Transitions on Google Slides...............................................................24 

Introduction to Presentations

Conditional Blocks Sensing Blocks

Making a Sprite Disappear on Touching Another Sprite Changing the Costume of a Sprite

Say and Play.......................................................................................................................94 

Looks Blocks



Sound Blocks

viii

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Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Introduction to Presentations When you share an idea or a thought with an audience, a visual representation—with pictures, words, videos, and sound—makes this task much easier. This helps to get the message across to the audience. Such sharing also helps the audience to visualise the idea and makes them interested in what you’re saying. Now, imagine that you are standing in front of your class, showing them a beautiful presentation while explaining your science project! A presentation is a way to share information, ideas, or stories using a combination of pictures, text, and sometimes even audio or video.

Discuss!

How do you think presentations can help your teacher during a class?

We can create presentations on various applications like PowerPoint, Canva, Google Slides, etc. In this chapter, we will learn to create beautiful presentations on Google Slides. Google Slides is one of Google’s apps that is used to create presentations online.

Creating a Presentation Using Google Slides Let us learn how to create a new presentation on Google Slides: 1. Open the Google Chrome browser and go to the link: https://docs.google.com/presentation/ 2. Click the plus + sign to open a blank presentation.

We have learnt to create a new presentation on Google Slides. Now, let us learn about the various parts of the presentation window. Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Parts of a Google Slides Window The main parts of a Google Slides window are: 1

Components

Purpose

1. Presentation Title

It shows the name of a presentation.

Menu Bar

It contains various menus like File, Edit, and View. Each menu offers different options.

Toolbar

It contains tools for quick and easy access.

Slide Workspace

The area where you add items such as text, images, and videos for a slide.

Slide Navigation Pane

Space where you can see thumbnails or miniature images of all the slides of your presentation.

Speaker Notes

The area where you can add notes for the speaker to remember important points during a presentation.

Slideshow Button

Turns the slides into the presenter mode to showcase the slides in the full-screen mode.

Did You Know? Ancient Egyptians used papyrus scrolls to record information in the same way as we use digital documents and presentations nowadays.

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Now, let us learn how to choose themes that suit our presentation. Let us also learn to use various layouts to organise our slides.

Applying Themes Themes are like special designs for your slides. They make the presentation look colourful and interesting, just like wearing clothes for different occasions. When you start making a presentation in Google Slides, you can choose various themes. Imagine that you are creating a presentation about Seven Sister States of India. To apply themes to this presentation, open Google Slides and follow the given steps: 1. Click on the presentation title bar in the newly created presentation. 2. Enter the title Seven Sister States of India in the title bar. 3. Click the Slide menu in the menu bar.

4. Select the Change theme option. The Themes pane opens on the right side. This pane will contains various themes that are available. 5. Check out the various themes for your slide and click a theme of your choice. The selected theme is applied to all the slides. 3

Think and Tell If you were making a presentation on forests, which colour theme would you choose?

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Modifying Themes Sometimes, we might like a theme, but we still want to make certain changes in it. To do that, we can use various colours, fonts, effects, and background styles. Modifying themes in a presentation is important because it allows you to make the presentation look exactly the way you want it to. It is like deciding upon and changing the colours and decorations for your room to match your idea of decorating it. Let us learn how to give your presentation a personal touch.

Selecting New Colours for the Background To add new colours to the background of your slides: 1. Select the slide in the Slide Navigation Pane. 2. Click the Slide menu in the menu bar.

3. Select the Change background option from the drop-down menu. 2

4. The Background pane appears. Select the colour of your choice from the Color drop-down list. 5. Click the Done button.

Did You Know?

Colours can make people feel emotions. For example, blue may make you feel calm and yellow might make you feel happy.

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Applying Layouts Layouts determine how your content, such as titles, text, and images, is organised on the slide. You can choose a different layout for each selected slide. Let us learn how to add different layouts to different slides: 1. Select the slide in the Slide Navigation pane. 2. Click the Slide menu from the menu bar. 3. Select the Apply layout option.

4. You will see various layout options; choose the one you like the most. 2

3 4

Your slide will change to that layout and have a whole new look!

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Similarly, you can use a Title and Body layout to talk about each of the seven state’s cultures. Assam

Arunachal Pradesh

Assam is famous for its tea gardens and the mighty Brahmaputra River. It is home to the one-horned rhinoceros too!

Arunachal Pradesh is a land of beautiful mountains and green forests. ‘It’s the place where the sun rises ﬁrst in India, making it really special.

Manipur

Meghalaya

Manipur is famous for its special dance called Manipuri dance, and it is a land of colourful flowers and traditional crafts.

Meghalaya means abode of clouds. This is a place with lots of rain, amazing waterfalls, and a living root bridge that is made naturally.

Mizoram

Nagaland

Mizoram is a place of hills and valleys, and it is known for its unique bamboo houses and the colourful festival called Chapchar Kut.

Nagaland is a land of many tribes, each with its own special traditions. It is also known for the Hornbill Festival, a big celebration of cultures.

Tripura Nestled among hills, Tripura is a land of splendid palaces and temples, where stories of the past come to life in its every corner.

Do It Yourself 1A 1

Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks. a

The i

shows the name of a presentation. Presentation title

iii Speaker notes b

ii Toolbar iv Slide workspace

An area where you add items such as text, images, and videos for a slide is called the . i

Menu bar

iii Speaker notes

ii Toolbar iv Slide workspace

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The i

holds tools for quick and easy access. ii Toolbar

Presentation title

iii Slides panel 2

iv Themes section

Match the following. A

Theme

It is used to change the background of the slides.

Layout

It is like a special design for your slide.

Slide → Change background

It is an online presentation-making app.

Google Slides

It determines how your content is organised on the slide.

Inserting Tables Tables are used to organise information neatly and in an easy-to-understand manner. They help you put information clearly in rows and columns. Let us say we want to show the capital cities of each state. We can use a table in Google Slides. To insert a table: 1. Click the Insert menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Table option from the drop-down list.

3. Select the number of rows and columns required from the grid that appears. The table will appear on the slide. 1

4. Type the states in one column and their capitals in the next column. You can adjust the size of the table and add colours using the Fill color tool to make it look beautiful. Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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The Fill color tool is used to fill colour in a table cell, row, or column, or a complete table. This tool appears on the toolbar when you click the table cell.

Capital Cities State

Capital

Assam

Dispur

Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar

Nagaland

Kohima

Manipur

Imphal

Meghalaya

Shillong

Tripura

Agartala

Mizoram

Aizawl

Inserting Charts Charts are graphics or visual representations that are used to display and compare data easily. Charts make your information more interesting and easier to understand. There are different kinds of charts in Google Slides, such as: • Bar chart: A bar chart represents data using bars of different lengths, which are arranged sideways.

• Column chart: A column chart represents data using bars of different heights, which are arranged like columns. • Line chart: A line chart represents data using a series of points, which are connected by a line. • Pie chart: A pie chart represents data using ‘slices’ of a whole circle. The size of each ‘slice’ shows how much value that specific ‘slice’ holds.

Bar

Column

Line

Pie

Suppose in our presentation, we want to show the number of elephants in four different North-Eastern states. We can use a column chart to represent this data. 12

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To insert a chart: 1. Click the Insert menu from the menu bar. 2. Select the Chart option.

3. Select the type of chart. Let us select the Column chart. 1

4. The Column chart is inserted on the slide. Now, click the three dots corner and then select Open source.

in the right-hand

A new Google Sheet opens, containing a table. This is where we will add the data, that is, the number of elephants in the four states. Google Sheets is another app by Google which is used to record and work with numbers, words, formulas, etc. You will learn more about it in the next chapters. For now, we will write the number of elephants for each state in this table. This data will be reflected directly on the chart.

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Now, let us enter the data. a. Enter the name of the states in the first column. Enter the number of elephants in the second column. Remember to rename the columns to State and Number of Elephants. b. Delete the third column as we don’t need it. You can click the column and press the Backspace key on the keyboard to do so. a

5. After you enter your data, return to your slide and then click the Update button.

Your column chart appears on the slide. Each state will have its own colourful columns.

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The taller the column, the more animals there are. Looking at the chart shown above, we can easily say that Assam has the highest population of elephants and Nagaland has the least. This way, we can easily compare the elephant population in different states.

Inserting Diagrams Diagrams are colourful pictures that help you show how things are connected, explain processes, or display information in a clear and organised way.

In our project about the seven sister states of India, we can use diagrams to show the folk dances of some states. Let us follow the steps given below: 1. Click the Insert menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Diagram option. We will see various types of diagrams you can use like Grid, Hierarchy, and more.

3. As we are showing the folk dances of different states, a cycle might be a good choice. Select the Cycle option.

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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4. The Cycle pane appears on the right side. Customise your diagram by adding more shapes and labels. The maximum number of Steps in a cycle is 5. You can also select suitable colours and styles of diagram based on your project requirements. 5. You can also customise the diagram by using the Fill color tool to colour the various components of the diagram. The style and colour that you select will apply to the diagram.

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Working with Master Slide The Master Slide is like the main slide. Think of it as a slide that allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation all at once. Suppose, we want the image of our national flag on all of our slides. What would we do? We could add the image in each of the slides, resizing and placing it how we want it to be. But if you have 15 slides, would it not be easier if we could make the changes in one slide and it could reflect on all the slides? Here, the master slide comes into play. In Google Slides, we have the Edit theme option of the Slide menu, which helps us reflect one change in all the slides. When you use a theme, it changes the colours, fonts, and background designs of all your slides. Let us understand by following the steps given below: 1. Click the Slide menu in the menu bar.

2. Select the Edit theme option from the drop-down list. 1

3. A pane appears with lots of colourful slides as options.

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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4. Copy the image you want to add and paste it here on the slide.

5. Resize the image according to your choice and place it anywhere that you want it to appear.

6. You will notice that the image has been added to all the slides.

Similarly, you can add titles, change the font, or add more images and visuals, to the main slide and it will reflect on all the slides of your presentation. 18

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Changing Slides’ Order Changing the order of the slides means to rearrange the slides in the desired order. Suppose you want to change the existing order of the slides. You can click and drag the slides in the sidebar to arrange them in the order that you want.

Explore More! Learn to draw a cartoon character in Google Slides!

Do It Yourself 1B 1

Fill in the blanks. a

displays data across rows and columns.

are graphics that are used to display and compare data easily.

c A column chart represents data using

bars of different heights.

d The is a slide that allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation all at once. 2

Write the correct order of steps (1 to 4) to add changes to all the slides using the Master Slide: a Select Edit theme from the drop-down. b Click Slide from the menu bar. c Add the changes in selected master slide. d A pane will appear.

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Points to Remember presentation is a way to share information, ideas, or stories using a combination of visuals, A text, and sometimes even audio.

Google Slides is one of Google’s apps that is used to create presentations online.

2 3

hemes are special designs for your slides. They make your presentation look colourful and T interesting.

Layouts determine how your content is organised on the slide, such as titles, text, and images.

Tables are used to organise information neatly and in an easy-to-understand manner.

Charts are visual representations or graphics that are used to display and compare data easily.

iagrams are colourful pictures that help you show how things are connected, explain D processes, or display information in a clear and organised way.

he master slide is similar to the main slide and allows you to change the look of your entire T presentation faster.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

columns

themes

master

apply layout

bar holds various menus like File, Edit, View, etc.

are like special designs for your slides.

To apply a layout on a slide, select Slide >

Tables consist of rows and

The all at once.

option. .

slide allows you to change the appearance of your entire presentation

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which component of Google Slides allows you to add notes for the speaker during a presentation? a Slide Workspace c

d Toolbar

What is the purpose of a theme in Google Slides? a To change the design of the presentation.

b To change the font style.

To change the layout of the presentation.

d To insert charts and tables.

c 3

Speaker Notes

b Slides Panel

Which menu will you use to change the background colour of a theme in Google Slides? a Insert menu

b Slide menu

View menu

d File menu

c 20

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What are tables used for in Google Slides? a Creating diagrams. b Displaying information neatly in rows and columns. c

Applying themes.

d Changing slide backgrounds. 5

Which chart is used to represent data using horizontal bars of different lengths? a Bar chart c

Line chart

b Column chart d Pie chart

C. Who Am I? 1

I am a component in Google Slides window that turns the slides into the presenter mode to showcase the slides in full-screen mode.

I am a pane in Google Slides that contains different themes for your presentation.

I am a menu that allows you to add a table into your presentation.

I am a set of colourful pictures that helps you show how things are connected and explain processes.

I am a type of chart in Google Slides that represents data with a series of data points connected by a line.

D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

Google Slides is a tool for creating and sharing documents.

Themes in Google Slides only change the background colours of your slides.

A column chart is a circular graph, which uses slices to represent the relative size of data.

Changing slide order in Google Slides means deleting some slides.

Diagrams in Google Slides are used mainly for creating mathematical charts.

E. Answer the Following. 1

Write the names of any three presentation applications.

Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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What is the Slide Navigation pane in Google Slides?

What is the difference between themes and layouts?

In which menu is the Edit theme option present?

What is a pie chart?

F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Imagine that Shaina is making a presentation on her favourite book. What features would she use to make it look good?

Himank is preparing a presentation on various animals found in a zoo. He wants to organise information about the animals’ names, habitats, and diets in rows and columns. Which feature should he use?

Vamika wants to showcase pictures of various sports for her school’s annual sports day in full-screen mode. Name the component of the Google Slides window that can help her achieve this.

Suppose Komal is giving a presentation on the solar system. Which option should she use to ensure that a specific image, such as a planet, appears consistently on all the slides?

Saharsh has created a presentation on famous monuments around the world. He realises that he wants to change the order in which the slides were arranged. Which feature of Google Slides will help him achieve this?

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Chapter 1 • Themes and Layouts in Google Slides

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Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Applying Animations In our previous chapter, we explored how to create effective presentations. However, the presentation did not have anything that moved and was animated in any way. So, is there a way that you can make those additions to your slides? Of course, you can! You can do it by using animation. Now, let us understand what animation is. Animation is a process through which you can bring still objects, such as text, shapes, images, charts, and logos, ‘to life’ by making them move. Animation is a great tool with which you can make your presentation lively and engaging. You can add one animation effect to multiple objects or add more than one animation effect to a single object. It enables you to control the flow of information presented or convey processes and alterations with greater efficiency. It also helps you connect with your audience in a better way. But applying too many animations distracts the audience from the actual content. So let us start with how to add animation to your slides. We will use the same project that you created in the last chapter.

Did You Know?

The word “Animation” comes from the Latin word “Anima”, which means “soul”. So, the process of animation refers to making characters come to life.

Adding Animation Let us learn how to add animation to our presentation. Open the presentation on “Seven Sister States of India” in Google Slides. Follow the steps given below to add animation to different objects on a slide: 1. Select an object on a slide that you want to animate. 2. Click the Insert menu in the menu bar. 3. Select the Animation option from the drop-down list. The Motion pane will open on the right side. Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Motion Pane

4. In the Motion pane, go to the Object Animations section.

ere, the first option is Animation type. Click H this option and select an animation from the drop-down list.

5. The next option is the Start condition. Select one of the following options from the dropdown list:

4 5

On click: Animation starts when you click your mouse.

After previous: Animation starts after the previous animation ends. With previous: Animation starts with the previous animation. 6. If the object is a placeholder or text box, the By paragraph check box is displayed. If this check box is checked, each paragraph of text in the box is displayed one by one. Otherwise, the entire box will be displayed at once. 7. If you want to add more animations, you can select an object and click the Add animation option. 8. Click the Play button to check how that animation effect works on the selected object.

Explore More! You can convert your Google slides into an animated GIF.

Applying Transition Transition is a way to move smoothly from one slide to the next. 28

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A slide transition provides a visual effect that takes place when one slide changes to another during a presentation. You can control its speed, add sound, and personalise the appearance of these transition effects. To add a transition effect to your presentation: 1. Select the slide to which you want to apply the transition effect. 2. Click the Slide menu from the menu bar. 3. Select the Transition option from the drop-down list. lternatively, you can right-click the selected slide from the Slide Navigation pane and A click the Transition option. 2 1

4. The Motion pane will appear on the righthand side. In the Motion pane, go to the Slide Transition section. Select the Transition type from the dropdown list. 5. Set the transition Duration by dragging the slider. This slider will only appear once you have selected the Transition type.

Transition type

Duration

6. Click the Apply to all slides button to apply this transition effect to all the slides. If you do not click this button, the transition will be applied to the current slide only. 7. Click the Play button to view the transition effect.

Think and Tell

What is the difference between animation and transition in Google Slides?

Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Explore More! Create a flipbook animation using Google Slides.

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Do It Yourself 2A 1

Read the following statements and place a tick mark beside the correct statements. a Animation can be added to every object on the slide. b W hen we select the starting condition as “After previous”, the animation starts once the previous animation ends. c Applying too many animations distracts the audience from the actual content. d The speed of a transition can be controlled. e A Cube is a type of transition.

Raju has to revise the concepts he has learnt. But he is confused about how to add a transition. He has written the steps in an incorrect order. Help him by numbering the steps (a. to e.) in the correct order. Select the Transition option from the drop-down list. Click the Slide menu from the menu bar. Set the transition’s Duration. Click the Play button. Select the Transition type from the Motion pane.

Think and Tell Why are transitions important?

Adding Audio and Video Adding audio and video elements to your presentation can add a new dimension to it. Using audio or sound, you can include background music and narrate key points. Using videos, you can showcase the video content in your presentation. Your presentation can become more engaging and informative using audio and videos. The most commonly used audio format is .mp3, while the most popular video format is .mp4. In this section, we will learn the steps to add audio and video elements that can enhance the effectiveness of your presentation.

Adding Audio Let us add music to your presentation. To insert any audio file in your presentation, you need to first upload an audio file to Google Drive. 30

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Let us learn how to upload an audio file to Google Drive from your computer: 1. Open drive.google.com. 2

2. Click the New button. 3. Select the File upload option from the drop-down list.

4. The Open dialog box will open. Select the audio file you want to upload. 5. Click the Open button.

6. Wait for the file to upload. Once the file is uploaded, proceed with the next step. Once you have uploaded the audio file, you can add the audio file to the presentation. To add an audio file in the presentation: 1. Go on your presentation again. 2. Click on the Insert menu. 3. Select the Audio option from the drop-down menu. 2 3

Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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4. The Insert audio window will open. Select the audio file that you want to add. 5. Click the Insert button.

6. The speaker icon on the slide indicates that the audio file is attached to your presentation. You can play it by using the Play button.

Play

Discuss!

Are different types of background sounds important in presentations?

Adding Video You have learnt how to add audio to your presentation in the last section. In this section, you will learn how to add a video file to your presentation. You can add videos to your presentations in two different ways: A. From YouTube: You can add videos from YouTube. Let us learn how to add videos using YouTube: 1. Click the Insert menu.

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2. Select the Video option from the drop-down list. 1

3. The Insert video window will open. Here, click the YouTube tab. 4. To search for a video, enter the video name in the search bar and press the Enter key. 4 3

5. A list of videos will appear. Select a video and click the Insert button that appears when you click the video.

Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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6. You can see the inserted video on the slide. Click the Play button.

Play

B. From Google Drive: Like the audio file, you need to first upload the video to Google Drive. After uploading the video, you can add it to your presentation by following the steps given below: 1. Click the Insert menu. 2. Select the Video option. 3. The Insert video window will open. In this window, click the Google Drive tab. 4. Click the video to be added to the presentation. 5. Click the Insert button.

The video is added to the presentation.

Think and Tell

How do you think inserting a video in your presentation can provide the audience a better understanding of the topic?

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Do It Yourself 2B Match the following.

Terms

Meaning

YouTube tab

Allows to play audio/video on the slide

.mp4

Audio format

Play button

Video format

.mp3

Used to add videos from YouTube

Rearrange the steps of adding a YouTube video to a slide.

Select the Video option from the drop-down list. Search for the video you want to add. Select a video and click the Insert button. Click the Insert menu. In the Insert video window, select the YouTube tab.

Points to Remember 1

With the animations, you can make objects like text, images, and shapes move on your slides.

single object can have multiple animation effects applied to it. But too many animations can A cause distraction.

Transitions are visual effects that can be applied to slides when one slide changes to another.

he speed of transitions can be changed, and the same transition effect can be applied to all T the slides or any individual slide.

The most commonly used audio format is .mp3, while the most popular video format is .mp4.

udios can be added as background music, voice narration, or sound effects to your A presentation.

Any video from Google Drive or YouTube can be inserted in a presentation.

Chapter Checkup A. Fill in the Blanks. Hints

on click

animation

audios

slide transition

videos

objects

In a presentation, animations can be applied on

To add an animation effect to a presentation, go to the Insert menu and choose the option.

Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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A provides a visual effect that takes place when one slide changes to another during a presentation.

With the

option, animation starts when you click your mouse. and

make the presentation more engaging and informative.

B. Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which menu do you use to smoothly move from one slide to the next? b Slide a File c

What does this button signify? a A picture is inserted into the presentation

b Sound is attached to the presentation

Text is inserted into the presentation

d Shape is inserted into the presentation

c 3

d View Insert

Which option would you choose if you want to make an object move on a slide? a Click Insert → Animation

b Click Insert → Image

d Click Slide → Transition

Click Insert → Audio

How do you insert an audio file into your slide? a Click Insert → Audio

b Click Insert → Video

d Click Insert → Table

Click Insert → Picture

Press this button to… a Upload an audio file to Google Drive

b Add an audio to a presentation

d Add animation in a presentation

Add a video to a presentation

C. Who Am I? 1

I am a feature that makes objects move on slides and makes the presentation more engaging.

I am a visual effect that makes your slides change smoothly during a presentation.

I am the option that adds sound to your presentations. It can be background music, voice narration, or even special sound effects.

I am an option in the Motion pane that helps you change the speed of a transition effect.

I am a button that helps you reuse the same transition for all the slides.

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D. Write T for True and F for False. 1

Animations can only be added to text in a presentation.

In a presentation, videos can only be added from YouTube.

Sound cannot be added to a presentation.

Sounds, videos, animations, and transitions make a presentation more engaging.

Animations and transitions are the same thing, and you can use them interchangeably.

E. Answer the Following. 1

What is the purpose of animations in a presentation?

Can you add animations to both text and objects in a presentation?

Define slide transition. Name the button used to view the transition effect.

Write down the two ways in which you can add a video to your presentation.

What is the purpose of adding a video to a presentation?

Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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F. Apply Your Learning. 1

Siya has made a presentation. She wants to show some movement of objects in her presentation. What should she use to add movement?

Rita has to present her project for which she has prepared multiple slides. She wants smooth movement from one slide to another during her presentation. Which feature should she use?

Raju has used a transition effect in his presentation. But when he started the presentation, the slides were moving slowly. Which option should he use to increase the speed of the slides?

Suman watched a video on YouTube that suits her presentation for the science fair perfectly. Can she add this video to her presentation?

Preeti has created a presentation that she wants to make more engaging. She has added transition effects to one slide. What can she do to apply transition effects to all the slides?

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Chapter 2 • Animations and Transitions on Google Slides

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Scratch 3.0

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Introduction to Scratch 3.0

Have you ever made a paper boat? You would have, right? How did you make it?

By following a sequence of instructions.

Just like how we use instructions to do something step-by-step, we need to tell computers how to do something step-by-step too.

But computers do not understand our language. So, we need to use a special language that they can understand. This language is called coding language. Coding is a way of giving instructions to tell a computer what to do. We will be using block-based coding to make computers do things for us.

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Block-based Coding

Block-based coding is a computer language where we use colourful coding blocks to make computers do a task. You must have played computer games, right?

But do you know you can use block-based coding to create games too? We will use a block-based coding platform named Scratch 3.0 to create a game.

Scratch 3.0

Scratch 3.0 is a free and simple platform where we use colourful blocks to create our own games, stories, and art.

Did You Know? Scratch got its name from how DJs mix music by scratching the music discs over one another.

Creating a Project

Now, let us learn to create a blank project and name it “Fruit Catcher”. Follow the given steps to create a project. 1

Click Create. The Scratch editor opens.

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Change the name of the project from “Untitled” to “Fruit Catcher”.

Fruit Catcher

Components of Scratch

The Scratch editor holds all the components needed to create and run a Scratch project. The components of the Scratch editor are as shown in the following picture: 1

7 2 9

Chapter 3 • Introduction to Scratch 3.0

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Menu bar: The purple bar at the top of the Scratch editor is called the Menu bar. The main parts of the Menu bar are: a. File and Edit menus: These let us create, save, and open a project. b. Project Name: This shows the name of your project. The default name of a Scratch project is ‘Untitled’. c. Folder: Clicking here takes you to the ‘My Stuff’ page where you can see your saved projects.

Sprite: A sprite can be a character or an object in a Scratch project.

Tabs: There are three tabs in the Scratch editor: a. Code: This tab has different code blocks and the Coding Area, where we can drag and join the blocks to make the sprite move and do things. b. Costumes: This tab opens the Paint Editor window where we can change how a sprite looks. c. Sounds: This tab opens the Sound editor to add and make changes to the sound effects of our sprite and to the backdrop.

Blocks Panel: The Block Panel has nine colour-coded block categories to help us create scripts. These are Motion, Looks, Sound, Events, Control, Sensing, Operators, Variables, and My Blocks.

Blocks Palette: The Blocks Palette is the area where we can see all the blocks for each block category.

Coding Area: The place where we can drag and join blocks from the Blocks palette to 6 create a script is called Coding Area. A Script is a set of blocks that are placed on top of each other to make a sprite do something. 7

Stage: The stage is where we can see backdrops and sprites in action.

Sprites Pane: The Sprites Pane is below the stage. It shows all the details of sprites, like their name, location, and size. You can use it to add, upload, edit, or delete sprites.

Backdrop: It is the background of the stage. You can add backdrops from the Scratch library or from your computer.

10 Backdrop Pane: It is below the stage and next to the Sprites Pane. You can use it to add, upload, edit, or delete backdrops. o button and Stop button: The green flag is the Go button. You can click it to run the 11 G script. The red button is the Stop button. You can click it to stop the running script. dd Extensions button: This button provides additional blocks that can be integrated into 12 A the Scratch editor’s block palette, expanding its functionality. These blocks help Scratch programs to interact with external hardware and online resources. 13 Sprites List: This list contains the thumbnails of all the sprites used in the project.

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Do It Yourself 3A Identify and label the components.

I am a character in your project.

I show you options to change the name, size, and location of a character.

I hold colour-coded categories of blocks.

I am the area where you drag and join the blocks.

I hold all the blocks of a block category.

Chapter Checkup A

Fill in the Blanks. Hints 1

Stop

Blocks Palette

Sprites Pane

Coding

is a way of giving instructions to tell a computer what to do.

The

is the area where we can see all the blocks of a block category.

The

is where we can see backdrops and sprites in action.

The

shows all the details of sprites, like their name, location, and size.

The

button is used to stop the running script.

Chapter 3 • Introduction to Scratch 3.0

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Stage

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Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which of the following tabs does the Scratch editor contain?

a Code

b Costumes

c Sounds

d All of these

The

Sounds tab is used to

a open the Sound editor

b listen to songs

c close the Sound editor

d open the Costumes editor

Where do you drag and drop the blocks to create a script?

a Coding Area

b Stage

c Blocks Palette

d Sprites Pane

The

is used to

a stop the running script

b run the script

c change the costume

d move the sprite

Which of the following is the name of a block category?

a Motion

b Sensing

c Control

d All of these

Who Am I? Component

Purpose

Sprites Pane

Holds nine categories of blocks

Backdrop Pane

Shows backdrops and sprites in action

Blocks Panel

Shows the details of sprites

Blocks Palette

Adds backgrounds

Stage

Holds all blocks of each block category

Write T for True and F for False. 1

The default project name in Scratch is Project1.

2 You can add and make changes to the sound effects of the sprite and backdrop in the Sound Editor.

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The green flag button is used to stop the running project.

Events is one of the categories of blocks.

The colour of the Go button is green.

Answer the Following. 1

What is block-based Coding? How is it useful?

What is Scratch 3.0? Why is it used?

What is the role of the Code tab?

What does the Add Extension

Describe the Go and Stop buttons.

button help us with?

Apply Your Learning. Ria wants to learn coding, but she has not tried it before. 1

What coding language can she start learning? Why?

What should she add to her project to do the action?

Chapter 3 • Introduction to Scratch 3.0

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What can she use to add more blocks?

How can she make her sprite look different?

What can she use to change the background of her project?

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Sprites and Costumes

Imagine you are playing different characters in a play. You need to change your costume to look like the character you are playing. It can be a person, an animal, or any object.

In Scratch, a sprite is also a character or an object on the stage. Just like how you change your costume to play different characters, a sprite can also change its costume. A costume is the appearance of a sprite. You can change the sprite’s costume to make it look like it is moving, changing, or doing many things in your project. You can add sprites from the Sprites Library of Scratch or from your device.

Did You Know? Red sprites are big red flashes of light that happen high in the sky during thunderstorms. They are so big that they can be seen from space.

You can also draw or edit your own sprite as per your need. A Sprites Library is a collection of ready-to-use sprite images.

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The idea of the Fruit Catcher project is that the farmer will move on the stage with a basket and will catch the falling apples. So, in this project, we need three main sprites:

To start the project, we need to add our sprites. As you know, the Cat sprite is the default sprite in Scratch. Before adding the sprites for our project, we need to remove the Cat sprite.

Deleting a Sprite

To delete the Cat sprite: Select the thumbnail of the Cat sprite 1 from the Sprite List. 2

The

3 Click the

button will appear. button to delete the sprite.

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Ways to Add a Sprite

In Scratch, we can add a sprite in four ways. 1

Choose a Sprite – To choose a sprite from the Scratch Sprite Library.

Paint – To create a sprite using Paint Editor.

Surprise – To add a random sprite.

Upload Sprite – To upload a sprite from our computers.

4 Upload Sprite

3 Surprise

2 Paint

1 Choose a Sprite

Choosing a Sprite

Now, let us add our first sprite, the Apple, from the Sprite Library into our project. Steps to add a sprite from the Sprite Library: 1 Click the Choose a Sprite option in the Sprite Pane. 2

The Sprite Library will open.

Click the Apple sprite.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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4 The sprite appears on the stage and its thumbnail is added in the Sprites List. 5

Change the Size of the Apple sprite to 30 from the Sprites Pane.

Uploading a Sprite

Now, let us upload our second sprite, the Farmer, into our project. Steps to upload a sprite to our project:

1 Click the Upload Sprite option. An Open dialog box appears.

Look for the Farmer picture 2 Downloads folder and select it.

the

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Click the Open button.

Set the Size of the Farmer sprite to 40.

Repeat steps 1 to 4 to upload and resize the Basket sprite.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Drag the sprites on the stage to position them, as shown here.

Think and Tell Can you upload your own picture as a sprite in your scratch project?

Ways to Add a Backdrop

It is time to add a background to our project.

The way we add sprites in Scratch, we can also add backgrounds from the Backdrop Pane. There are four ways to add a backdrop.

Uploading a Backdrop

Now, let us upload an Apple Farm backdrop to the Stage. Steps to add a backdrop to the project:

Upload Backdrop Surprise

Paint

Choose a Backdrop

1 Click the Upload Backdrop option. A window appears.

2 Look for the Apple Farm picture in the Downloads folder and select it. 54

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Click the Open button.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Do It Yourself 4A 1 Match the following. Backdrop

Theme

Forest

Theatre

Farm

Party 2 Which of the following is the default sprite in a Scratch project? a

Ways to Add a Costume to a Sprite

Just like the way we can add sprites and backgrounds, we can also add costumes to a sprite. Steps to add a costume to a sprite: 1

Select a sprite.

Click the Costumes tab.

3 On the left, you will see the Costumes Pane. 4 At the bottom of the Costumes Pane, we have the option to add costumes to a sprite.

Costumes Pane

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Choosing a Costume for a Sprite

Now, let us add an Apple as another costume to the Apple sprite. Steps to choose a costume for a sprite from the Sprite Library: 1 Click the Choose a Costume option in the Sprites Pane. The Sprite Library opens. 2

Type “apple” in the search box.

Click the Apple sprite.

4 The sprite is added to the Costumes List in the Costumes Pane. 5 In the Paint Editor, select the Eraser tool and set its size to 40. 6 Use the Eraser tool to make the apple look like the one shown.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Instead of adding another costume of an Apple sprite from the Costumes Library, we can create a duplicate costume of it. We can as many duplicate costumes for a sprite as we can. Let us learn to duplicate a costume.

Duplicating Costume of a Sprite

We can have two costumes for our Apple sprite by duplicating its costume. Steps to duplicate the costume of the Apple sprite: 1

Select the Apple sprite in the Sprites List.

Click the Costumes tab.

Right-click the apple sprite in the Costumes Pane.

Click the duplicate option.

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A duplicate copy of the apple costume is created.

Do It Yourself 4B 1 Write T for True and F for False. a We can change the costume of a sprite from Sprites Library only. b A sprite can change only one costume. c We can change the costume of all the sprites of a project.

2 Which of the following is the duplicate sprite of a

sprite?

Chapter Checkup A

Fill in the Blanks. Hints

Costume

1 2

Sprite

Upload Backdrop

Sprite Library

is a character or an object who acts on the stage. A

is a collection of ready-to-use sprite images. is the appearance of a sprite.

The

option is used to add a backdrop from our own computer.

The

option is used to add costumes to a sprite.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Choose a Costume

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Tick () the Correct Option.

Which of the following options can let you add your own picture as a sprite?

a Paint

b Choose a Sprite

c Upload Sprite

d Choose a Backdrop

Which tab is used to change the look of sprites?

a Code

b Sounds

Costumes

d Looks

3 Which of the following options is used to make copies of the same sprite in your project? a Draw

b Copy

Duplicate

d Paint

Which of the following options is used to change the background of the stage? 4 a

The

a C

is used to Add picture

. b

Delete sprite

Add sprite

Add backdrop

Who Am I?

I can show different scenes, such as a forest, a city, a farm, or a school.

I can remove a sprite from a Scratch project.

I can help you create copies of a costume.

I can give a sprite a different look.

I can add a backdrop from your computer.

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Write T for True and F for False. 1

Sprites are characters or objects that can move, talk, and interact.

eleting a sprite means hiding it from the stage, but it can still be used D later in the project.

We can add only two costumes for a sprite in Scratch.

Backdrops are the backgrounds used to set the stage for a project.

Duplicating a costume is a way to create a copy of a sprite’s appearance.

Answer the Following. 1

Which component in a Scratch project can act? How can we add it to our project?

What is the role of Backdrops Pane in Scratch?

When do we need to delete a sprite, and how can we do that?

What are costumes? How can we add them?

How do we duplicate a sprite?

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Apply Your Learning. 1

Ria wants to create and design her project as shown.

What option can she use to delete the default sprite in her project?

b Which component of Scratch Editor can help her add a new backdrop to the stage?

Write steps to make copies of a sprite in your Scratch project.

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Label the elements in the given picture.

3. 4 Arjun is creating a Scratch project in which he wants to remove some parts of the sprite. Which components of the Scratch allow him to do this?

5 Ravi wants to add three new sprites to his Scratch project, which he has downloaded from the Internet. Write down the steps to help him complete the task.

Chapter 4 • Sprites and Costumes

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Events and Loops

In the morning, when the alarm rings, we wake up. Ringing of an alarm is an event, and waking up is an action.

An event tells us when an action will happen. An action happens when an event occurs.

Events Blocks

In Scratch, we have various Events

blocks. They are yellow in colour.

They tell the computer when to run a script. Some of the Events blocks are: Blocks

Description Runs the attached script when the green flag is clicked.

Runs the attached script when the specified key is pressed.

Runs the attached script when the particular sprite is clicked. 64

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Think and Tell

Did You Know? The Events blocks are also known as Hat Blocks.

Is kicking a football an event or an action?

In the previous chapter, we designed our scratch project “Fruit Catcher” by adding sprites and a backdrop. Now, let us code the sprites to do some actions. Before we start, do you remember the idea of the Fruit Catcher project? The idea is to make the farmer collect the falling apples. Right? Now, we need to break the idea into smaller tasks. Let’s divide the whole project into five subtasks: 1

The Apple sprite should appear randomly and start falling.

The farmer should be able to move left and right using a keypress.

The basket should move with the farmer too.

If the falling apple touches the basket, the apple should disappear.

If the falling apple touches the ground, the apple should break.

Let us start coding the Apple sprite.

Making an Apple Sprite Appear Randomly Steps to make an Apple sprite fall: 1

Select the Apple sprite in the Sprites List.

Go to the Events block category.

Drag the

Go to the Motion block category. The Motion

block from the Events blocks to the Coding Area. blocks are the blocks used to add motion to a sprite.

They are blue in colour.

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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5 Drag and attach the go to random position block to the when green flag clicked block.

The go to random position block makes a sprite go to a random position that can be anywhere on the stage. 6 Click the Go each time.

button multiple times to test if the sprite appears at a random position

There are various Motion blocks. Some of them are: Blocks

Description Moves a sprite ahead by a specified number of steps.

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Change the x position of a sprite by a specified value. Moves the sprite forward or backwards with positive or negative values, respectively. Change the y position of a sprite by a specified value. Moves the sprite upwards or downwards with positive or negative values, respectively. Moves the sprite to any random position.

If touching the edge of the screen, the sprite bounces back.

Sets the rotation style of a sprite.

X-Axis

Y-Axis

A sprite’s X Position is its location on the X The Y Position is where the sprite is on the Y (vertical) axis of the stage. (horizontal) axis of the stage.

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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Do It Yourself 5A 1

Match the following. A

Runs the attached script when the particular sprite is clicked.

If touching the edge of the screen, the sprite bounces back.

Moves a sprite ahead by a specified number of steps. Runs the attached script when the green flag is clicked. Moves the sprite to any random position. 2

Which block is used to make the ball bounce back when it touches the edge?

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Loops Imagine your community is having a tree planting event, and you are going to join in with your parents. What will you be doing there? You will be planting saplings, one after another. This is called a loop or a repeating action.

A loop means doing something over and over again. In Scratch, we have repeat and forever control blocks that are used to repeat actions. In coding, we use loops to save time to build our scripts quickly.

Control Blocks The Control

blocks are used to control the flow of scripts based on criteria.

They are orange in colour. Some of the Control blocks are: Blocks

Description A loop that repeats for the specified number of times.

Runs the given set of blocks for forever until the Stop button is pressed. Pauses the script for specified seconds.

Making a Sprite Fall

Steps to make the Apple sprite fall: 1 Select the Apple sprite in the Sprites List. 2 Go to the Control block category. 3 Drag and join the forever block to the go to random position block. Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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4 Go to the Motion block category. 5 Drag and join the change y by block inside the forever block. 6 Change the value of y by -10.

7 Go to the Control block category. 8 Drag and join the wait block under change y by -10 inside the forever block. 9 Change the seconds to 0.1.

10 Click the Go

button to test if the sprite appears at a random position and falls forever.

Moving a Sprite

Steps to move the Farmer sprite: 1 Select the Farmer sprite in the Sprites List. Drag and drop the 2 when key pressed block from the Events category.

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3 Click the drop-down button. 4 Choose the right arrow key in the when key pressed block.

5 Drag and join the change x by block under the when right arrow key pressed block. 6 Change the value of x by 40.

7 Drag and join the if on edge, bounce block to the change x by block.

Duplicating the Script

1 Right-click the when right arrow key pressed block. 2 Select the Duplicate option to copy the code for the left arrow key.

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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3 Change the right arrow key to the left arrow and the value of x by -40.

button to test if you can make the Farmer sprite move left and right on 4 Click the Go pressing the left and right arrow keys. You can also observe that the Farmer sprite rotates when it touches an edge because the default rotation setting for a sprite is all around. So, if we move a sprite on a key press, it will rotate when it touches an edge.

Fixing the Rotation Style

To fix this, we can use the set rotation style block to fix the rotation style for the Farmer sprite. 1 Drag the set rotation style block from the Motion blocks and join it under the when left arrow and when right arrow key pressed event blocks in the Coding Area. 2 Change the rotation style to left-right, as shown in the picture below.

3 Now, click the Go

button to test if the issue is fixed.

Duplicating the Script of a Sprite to Another

We can duplicate the script of one sprite to another using two different methods. Let us learn about both of them. 72

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Method 1: 1 Click the when left arrow key pressed block once. 2 Press Ctrl+C shortcut key to copy the script. 3 Click the Basket sprite in the Sprites List. 4 Go to the Coding Area and press Ctrl+V shortcut key to paste the script. 5 Repeat the steps 1 to 4 to duplicate the when right arrow key pressed block for the Basket sprite.

Method 2: 1 Drag the script to the basket sprite in the Sprites List.

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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2 Repeat it for the when left arrow key pressed script.

Do It Yourself 5B 1 Select the correct code to make the sprite move in the right direction.

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2 On which axis will the sprite move if the rotation style is set like this?

a Y-axis

b X-axis

d All of these

c Z-axis

Chapter Checkup A

Fill in the Blanks. Hints 1 The

Event

rotation

go to random position

3 To create repeating actions, you can use the 4 The Motion blocks in Scratch are An

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

ICSE_G5 Term 2.indb 75

blue

block moves the sprite to any random position.

2 The set rotation style block is used to specify the

repeat

style of a sprite. block in a script.

in colour and are used to add motion to a sprite.

tells you when the action will happen.

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Tick () the Correct Option. 1 Which of the following blocks is used to run the script when the up arrow key is pressed?

2 What is the correct script to make a sprite fall? a

3 Which of the following blocks move a sprite upwards? a

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4 Which of the following blocks is used to run the script until the Stop button is pressed? a

All of these

5 Which of the following options are present in the set rotation style block? a Left-right b All round C

Don’t rotate

d All of these

Who Am I? Who Am I ?

What I Do? Moves the sprite to forward or backwards with a positive or negative value, respectively.

Moves the sprite to upwards or downwards with a positive or negative value, respectively. Pauses the script for specified seconds. D

Write T for True and F for False. 1 Kicking a football is an event. 2 By default, a sprite will not rotate when it touches the edge of the stage in Scratch. 3 Repeating action in coding means doing something only once. 4 The when green flag clicked block in Scratch runs a script when the green flag is clicked. 5 In the Fruit Catcher project, one of the tasks is to make the farmer collect falling apples.

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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Answer the Following. 1

How is the repeat block helpful?

If you use these blocks, how will they change the position of the sprite?

What are Events blocks? Why do we need them?

What will happen to the sprite if we run this code?

Differentiate between the repeat and forever blocks.

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Apply Your Learning. 1 Look at the blocks given below and number them from 1 to 4 in order to make the sprite fall when the Go button is pressed.

2 Sambhav wants the sprite in his game to jump when the spacebar is pressed. Help him to create the script.

P M JU

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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3 What will be the output of the following script?

4 Find and correct the errors in the following script to move the character in the right direction.

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5 Along which axis is the Penguin sprite moving? Can you explain the reason?

Chapter 5 • Events and Loops

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Conditional and Sensing Blocks

Many schools have a House system. When you get admission, they assign you to a house, right? So, how do you decide what to wear on a school day? Well, if it is a house day, you put on your house uniform. But if it is a regular day, you wear your regular school uniform.

Conditional Blocks

Computers cannot make decisions like we do. But we can code them to make decisions using conditional blocks. Conditional blocks are blocks that help a computer make decisions depending on the condition it checks.

Did You Know? The traffic lights you see on the road use conditions to decide when to change colours and keep the traffic moving safely.

In Scratch, we have two conditional blocks in the Control category: Checks the condition and if the condition is true, the blocks inside it will be activated.

Checks the condition and then lets the blocks inside the if block perform the operation. Otherwise, the blocks inside the else block will perform the operation.

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The if... then block performs a specified task only if a certain condition is met. You can observe in the adjacent figure how we can use the if... then block to check if it is Friday and if so, then you need to wear your house uniform.

Sensing Blocks

We can make characters sense each other when they touch. This is like how we sense objects by touching them. In Scratch, we have Sensing blocks to do this. Sensing blocks are used to detect when two characters touch each other. Sensing blocks are the blocks that detect other sprites, colours on stage, keypress, mouse click, and user input. There are 18 Sensing blocks. They are light blue in colour. Some of the sensing blocks are: Blocks

Description Activates the blocks below it when a sprite touches the specified object. Activates the blocks below it when a sprite touches the specified colour. Activates the blocks below it when the specified key is pressed. Shows the input box at the bottom of the screen to receive an answer from the user. Stores the answer that was entered in the input box.

In the previous chapter, we made the Apple sprite appear randomly and fall. Now, we need to code the Apple sprite so that it: 1

Disappears if it touches the basket to show that it is collected, and

Breaks if it touches the ground.

Making a Sprite Disappear on Touching Another Sprite

To make a sprite disappears and then comes back from a random place, we can just move the sprite to a random position. Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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Steps to make the apple sprite move to a random location if it touches the basket are: 1 Drag and join the if… then block from the Control category under the wait 0.1 seconds block inside the forever block.

2 Drag the touching mouse-pointer block from the Sensing category to the blank section of the if… then block. 3 Click the drop-down button in the touching block and change mouse-pointer to Basket.

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4 Drag the wait 1 seconds block from the Control category and join it inside the if… then block.

5 Drag the go to random position block from the Motion category and join it under the wait 1 second block.

Making a Sprite Disappear on Touching a Colour

Steps to make the apple sprite move to a random location if it touches the bottom: 1 Right-click the if touching Basket? block to duplicate it with its script.

2 Join the duplicated script below the if touching Basket? block. 3 Select the touching Basket? value block inside the condition section of the if… then block. 4 Press the Delete key on your keyboard to remove it.

Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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5 Drag the touching color? block from the Sensing category and drop it inside the condition section of the if… then block.

6 Click on Color in the touching color? block. A pop-up will appear. 7 Select the color picker tool to choose the colour from the stage. 8 Move the mouse to the bottom of the stage to choose the bottom brown line colour, as shown in the picture below.

9 Click the Go button to run the project to check if on touching the basket or bottom, the apple sprite disappears and appears again at a random position. 86

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But what should happen if the apple sprite touches the bottom? It should break, right? We have two costumes for the apple sprite that we created when we designed the project.

e can change the costume of the Apple sprite to Apple2 if it touches the ground and then W back to Apple1 when it appears at a random position.

Changing the Costume of a Sprite

1 Drag the switch costume to block to join the if touching color? block just above the wait 1 seconds block. 2 Change the costume to Apple2.

Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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3 Right-click to duplicate the switch costume to block and place the duplicated block as the first block in the forever block. 4 Change the costume to Apple1. 5 Click the Go button to check if the project is working.

Do properly. It Yourself 6A Choose the correct way to help the boy reach the sunny day.

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Chapter Checkup A

Fill in the Blanks. if... then, if... then... else

Hints

blue

condition

sprites

1 Conditional blocks help a computer make decisions depending on the 2 In Scratch, we have two conditional blocks in the Control category:

it checks. and

3 Sensing blocks are used to detect things on the stage, like the mouse pointer, an object, or other .

4 Sensing blocks are light B

in colour.

Tick () the Correct Option. 1

In Scratch, what type of blocks help sprites sense each other?

a Motion blocks 2

b Sensing blocks

Sound blocks

What should happen to the Apple sprite if it touches the Basket?

a It should break

b It should grow

c It should disappear

d It should change colour

How do you make a sprite disappear on touching another sprite?

c 4

d Looks blocks

What happens if the Apple sprite touches the bottom of the stage?

a It disappears

b It turns into a different sprite

c It falls faster

d It changes costume

What is the purpose of changing the costume of a sprite in Scratch?

a To make it invisible

b To make it move faster

c To change its appearance

d To add more sound

Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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Who Am I? Who Am I ?

What I Do? Activates the blocks below it when a sprite touches the specified colour.

Checks the condition and if the condition

is true, the blocks inside it will be activated.

Shows the input box at the bottom of the screen to receive an answer from the user.

Activates the blocks below it when a sprite touches the specified object. D

Write T for True and F for False. 1 You can use Sensing blocks in Scratch to make a character react when you click it or press a key.

2 The touching mouse-pointer block in Scratch helps detect when a sprite touches a specific object.

3 You can use the “wait” block in Scratch to pause the execution of script for a specified amount of time.

4 Sensing blocks in Scratch are not used to make Scratch

projects more interactive by responding to the user input.

5 The “if... then” block in Scratch performs a specified task only if a certain condition is met.

Answer the Following. 1 What are sensing blocks? Why are they important?

2 What are conditional blocks?

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3 How can you make a character in Scratch react when you click it?

4 What is the answer block used for?

5 What is the else part of the if...then...else block run?

Apply Your Learning. 1 Look at the blocks given below. Number them from 1 to 3 in order to make the Apple sprite disappear if it touches the Basket.

2 Observe the script and write down what this script will do.

Is it

Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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3 What will be the output of the following script?

4 If you have two different costumes, what will be the output of the following script?

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5 What will be the output of the following script?

Chapter 6 • Conditional and Sensing Blocks

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Say and Play

In Scratch, we can use the Say block to make our sprites talk and the Play block to make them create sounds. This is similar to how we talk or make different sounds.

Looks Blocks

The Looks blocks are the blocks that control how a sprite looks. There are 20 Looks blocks. Some of them are: Blocks

Description A speech bubble appears over the sprite and stays for the specified number of seconds. A thought bubble appears over the sprite and stays for the specified number of seconds.

Changes the sprite’s costume to the specified one. Changes the sprite’s costume to the next one in the costume list. Changes the stage’s backdrop to the specified one. Changes the stage’s backdrop to the next one in the costume list.

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Changes the sprite’s size by the amount. Set the sprite’s size according to the specified percentage. Shows the sprite.

Hides the sprite. Let us code our Fruit Catcher project to make the Farmer sprite talk to us.

Making a Sprite Say Something

We will use the Say block to make your sprite talk in Scratch. The Say block is found in the Looks category of Scratch blocks. Steps to make a sprite say: 1 Select the Farmer sprite. 2 Drag and drop the when green flag clicked block from the Events category in the Script Area. 3 Drag the say Hello! for 2 seconds block from the Looks category and join it to the when green flag clicked block. 4 Change “Hello!” with “Help me collect the falling apples!” or any message of your choice.

5 Click the Go button to check if the Farmer says the specified message.

Chapter 7 • Say and Play

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Discuss

How important is it to time the display of a message using the say block?

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Sound Blocks

Sound blocks are the blocks that control sound. There are nine Sound blocks. Some of them are: Blocks

Did You Know?

The first animated film, ‘Steamboat Willie’, had only background music but no spoken dialogue.

Description Plays a sound and pauses the script until it finishes. Plays a sound without pausing the script. Stops all playing sounds. Clears any currently active sound effects. Changes the volume by the specified amount. Sets the volume to the specified amount.

Now, let us make the Apple sprite make a sound when it is collected or falls down.

Making a Sprite Make Sound

We will use the Play block to add music or sound effects to your Scratch project. Steps to make a sprite play a sound: 1

Select the Apple sprite.

2 Click on the Sound category. 3 Drag the play sound block from the Sound category and join inside the if touching Basket above the wait 1 seconds block. 4 Again, drag the play sound block from the Sound category and join inside the if touching color? block between the switch costume and wait 1 seconds blocks.

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5 Click the Sounds tab. 6 Click the Choose a Sound option. The Sound Library opens.

Chapter 7 • Say and Play

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lick the Chomp sound to add it. 7 Type “chomp” in the search box. C

8 The sound is added.

9 Repeat steps 6 to 8 to add the Crunch sound. 10 Click the Code tab. 11 Select the Apple sprite. 12 Change the sound to Chomp in the play sound block in the if touching Basket? block.

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13 Change the sound to Crunch in the play sound block in the if touching color? block.

Discuss

How did the sound make your project feel different?

14 Click the Go button to test your project.

Coding Challenge

Help Giga dodge the falling ladybugs.

Chapter 7 • Say and Play

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Do It Yourself 7A Match the following.

A sound in the Sound Pane.

Make a sprite say something for the specified amount of time.

Play a sound until it completes.

Add a new sound.

Chapter Checkup A

Fill in the Blanks. Hints

Looks

Sound

music

talk

Use the Say block to make your sprite

The Play block is used to add

The Say block is found in the

category of Scratch blocks.

The Play Sound block is located in the

sound effects

in Scratch. to your Scratch project.

category of blocks.

Tick () the Correct Option. 1

Which block is used to add sound to your Scratch project?

100

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The Say block is used to:

Change the sprite’s colour.

Make the sprite talk.

Move the sprite around the stage.

Change the background.

Which category of Scratch blocks does the Play Sound block belong to?

a Motion 4

b Looks

Control the sprite’s size.

Make the sprite disappear.

Add music or sound effects.

Change the sprite’s costume.

Sound

d Events

The Play Sound block is used to:

Who Am I? 1

I am a block in Scratch that allows you to make your sprite talk.

I help you add sound for your sprite in Scratch.

Write T for True and F for False. 1

The Play Sound block is used to change the colour of your sprite.

The Say block is used to make a sprite move around the stage.

3 The Play Sound block is used to add music and sound effects to your Scratch projects. 4 E

You can find the Say block in the Looks category.

Answer the Following. 1

What does the Play Sound block do? How can it make your projects more exciting?

Write a Scratch project idea where you can use the Say and Play Sound blocks.

Chapter 7 • Say and Play

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101

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Apply Your Learning. 1

What will the given script do?

2 Think of a digital story that you would like to create in Scratch. How would you use both the Say and Play Sound blocks?

102

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