As a measure to achieve this, India is working towards building non-fossil energy capacity of additi 500 gigawatts by the year 2030. The current available energy resources are mostly consumed by Technical Insight Mobility users, like, vehicles on road, railways and agricultural equipment. This article discusses present scenario in India and suggests an approach to achieve Clean and Sustainable Mobility.
Clean and Sustainable Mobility in India
Clean Energy in Mobility Vehicles running on Petrol and Diesel are large contributors to pollution and it is important to that vehicular pollution has high concentration in metros and cities. On the face of it, Electric Veh are seen as a solution to reduce this pollution as they by themselves are non-polluting. The focu Government of India and several State Governments on increasing the use of Electric Vehicles is a R V RANJAN in the Li-on rightEnergy direction. the moot question is whether Electric Vehicle, in its present form, are a Ranjans PrivateBut Limited clean energy solution in India? The answer is in the negative because of the battery being used the way they are being charged. Majority Electric in India still use acid batteries. Introduction a carcinogenic andof toxic substanceVehicles and the present E-mobility is notlead clean and its need Clean is a global need, acid in theand battery emits dangerous fumes. of the hour todangerous devise strategy for Clean and is a Mobility carcinogenic andparticularly toxic substance the acid in the battery emits fumes. It is satisf for India which is dealing with high It is satisfying to note that Lithium Batteries Sustainable Mobility. to notelevel. that Lithium Batteries are now gaining pollution India has committed to are now gaining popularitypopularity which overcomewhich overcome these shortcomings of Present reduce total projected Here, carbon emission these shortcomings of lead batteries. the aciditsbatteries. it is highly important to acid increase safety Power features in Lithium Batte Generation Scenario and by one billion tonnes by the year 2030. As Here, it is highly important to increase be this, it lead or lithium battery they areBatteries. both being charged electricity supplie Strategy forusing Future a However, measure to achieve India isacid working the safety features in Lithium towards building non-fossil energy capacity However, be it lead acid or lithium battery The following table summarizes the present the Grid. The Electricity Grid in India has Thermal Power as its predominant power source. The of additional 500 gigawatts by the year 2030. they are both being charged using electricity installed capacity of various sources as of The currentplants availableburn energycoal resources supplied by the Grid. Electricity in 2021-22: contributors of pollution. En power in huge quantity andTheare one Grid of the biggest are mostly consumed by the Mobility India has Thermal Power as its predominant The total renewable energy resource in & Mobility Analysts and the EVpower industry predict an exponential growth in use of EVs in India ove users, like, vehicles on road, railways source. Thermal power plants burn India is targeted to be 36.5% of the total and agricultural equipment. This article in huge quantity and are one the energy resource by end of 2022. However, next decade. This will lead tocoal increase in demand forof additional energy resource. Unless there discusses the present scenario in India and biggest contributors of pollution. Energy wind and solar being the main renewable concentrated this Analysts new and exponentially demand for power electricity f suggests an approach tostrategy achieve Cleanto and meet & Mobility the EV industry increasing energy resources the resultant Sustainable Mobility. predict an exponential growth in use of EVs generation from renewable resources is plants Renewable Energy resources, the net result may be further increase in fossil-based power in India over the next decade. This will lead fluctuating. Solar Power is available during fearedEnergy that this result in to further in pollution. at present is not clean Clean inmay Mobility increase inincrease demand for additional energy So, sunlight and wind E-mobility energy is dependent Vehicles running on Petrol and Diesel are resource. Unless there is a concentrated on wind pattern. Due to this erratic its need of the hour to devise strategy for Clean and Sustainable Mobility. large contributors to pollution and it is strategy to meet this new exponentially and fluctuating power generation from important to note that vehicular pollution increasing demand for electricity from renewable resources, it is a technical and has high concentration in metros and cities. Renewable Energy resources, the net result challenge to integrate these in the Present Power Generation Scenario and Strategy for Future economic On the face of it, Electric Vehicles are seen may be further increase in fossil-based National grid. This calls for a multi-pronged asThe a solution to reduce this pollution as power It is feared that thiscapacity may approach some ofsources which are as highlighted following table summarizes theplants. present installed of various of 2021-22: they by themselves are non-polluting. The result in further increase in pollution. So, at here: focus of Government of India and several Fuel Type Capacity % to total State Governments on (MW) increasing the use of Electric Vehicles is a step Hydro 51,301 10.7% in the right direction. Coal + Lignite 2,17,302 45.3% But the moot question is whether Electric Vehicle, Gas 25,735 5.4% in its present form, are a pure clean energy Nuclear 10,080 2.1% solution in India? The Total Conventional Capacity 3,04,419 63.5% answer is in the negative because of the battery Total Renewable Capacity 1,75,000 36.5% being used and the way Total Capacity by 2021-22 4,79,418 100.0% they are being charged. Majority of Electric (Source: Published Report of Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of of Power, India – January 2021) Source: Published Report of Central Electricity Authority, Ministry Power, Vehicles in India still use India – January 2021 lead acid batteries. Lead is
22 | Telematics Wire | March 2022
