CPU | Ai PS2
Aifa Muthuraman | Jin Yu Liu | Tere Sagay | Seenam Bhagat
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
Adaptive Reuse Project
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY Adaptive Reuse Project of The Righton Building (Manchester Metropolitan University)
Table of Content PROJECT INTRODUCTION Project Information Historical Timeline Site Context + Critical Proximities Site + Social Opportunities
pg 3 pg 4 pg 5 pg 6
OUR APPROACH Our Narrative Adaptive Reuse Strategy
pg 7 pg 8
EXISITING BUILDING + CONTEXT ANALYSIS Building + Context Materiality Existing Structure Existing MEP Asbestos Issue Site Environmental Analysis Building Elements Analysis Building Regulation Compliance
pg 9 pg 10 pg 11 pg 12 pg 13 pg 14 pg 15
DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION Precedent Study Narrative’s Programmatic Influences Architectural Features of Journey Spaces Journey Spaces Visuals Construction Sequence Plan of Work Floor Plans Building Section Zoning Section Building Environmental Analysis Building Fire Strategy Building Visuals Reflection
pg 16 pg 17 pg 18 pg 19-20 pg 21 pg 22 pg 23-27 pg 28 pg 29 pg 30 pg 31 pg 32-35 pg 36
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“Maker culture matters because it teaches and promotes CREATIVE LITERACY. Creative literacy is knowledge that gives individuals the power to transform their ideas into reality and this is makerism at its core.” -Ginsberg, S.
PROJECT INFORMATION The Team Brief Create a Makerspace in a Grade II listed building, using Adaptive Reuse strategies which best demonstrate our design ideas for the makerspace and respect the heritage building
Intended Users of Proposed Project
11%
>700 students
Schools of Art, Architecture + Fashion
55%
3700 students
34%
2263 students
Site + Building Information Location: Righton Building, Cavendish Street, MMU Campus, Manchester, UK Current Use: Part of the Arts + Humanities Faculty for Postgraduate Students (PhD) Building Utilization: The University measures the utilisation of its centrally booked teaching rooms in terms of frequency of use and levels of occupancy.
80
People
11am 4pm
7am 9pm
High Traffic
Period of High Traffic
Building Opening Hours 3
1905
1900
Occupied by ‘’Till & Kennedy’’, an ironmongery suplier with storage and showrooms located inside
1955
1960
2002
Present
1991 1993 The Righton Building was first listed on the 11’” June 1991 as Grade II, and it has an English Heritage Building ID: 387974.
Notice of intention to build Righton Building was submitted to the city council. Designed as a draper’s shop by W and G Higginbottom Architects for William Righton.
Larger Skylight Wooden Staircase
Art Deco Balustrade Steel Columns
Use of former showrooms, warehouse and offices as temporary MMU student union
NON-LISTED ELEMENTS IN RIGHTON (built in 1960s)
LISTED ELEMENTS IN RIGHTON (all built in 1905)
Building used for office spaces in MMU Arts and Humanities department
1970
1904
Art Deco Steel Brackets
The building is used as the MMU Disco
Glass Partitions
Smaller Skylight
4 https://pa.manchester.gov.uk/online-applications/applicationDetails.do?activeTab=documents&keyVal=MAY3IEBC6K000 ; https://www.flickr.com/photos/mmuvisualresources/24371477549/in/photostream/
Project Introduction
Last known instance of Righton Building which housed the original draper shop
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
HISTORICAL TIMELINE
CRITICAL PROXIMITIES: Art, Architecture, Fashion Institute Buildings
The Site: Righton Building
Public Scape 5
MMU Main Campus Estate Boundary
All Saints Park
Righton Building
Benzie Building (Fashion Institute)
Grosvenor Building (School of Art)
Chatham Building (School of Architecture)
Chatham Building (Digital Arts + Other Art Workshops)
Site Context + Critical Proximities Site + Social Opportunities
Project Introduction
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
SITE CONTEXT , CRITICAL PROXIMITIES + SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES
Our response to the brief is to explore the idea of enhancing the user’s (which we refer to for the purpose of this project as the Maker) ability to create. We are pursing the creation of a space which will enable efficiency in the Makers’ individual and collective creative process. Thus, we have broken the creative process down into 4 main steps: Brainstorming, Prototyping, Finishing, Display.
The project hopes to elevate the “Display” step of the creative process because it is the end of the journey which the Makers work towards; everything is done in order to enhance the displayed work at the end of the creative process.
6
Our Approach
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
OUR NARRATIVE
TRANSFORMATION
The transformation strategy adopted in the project will be that of INTERVENTION The exisiting structure will be majorly transformed and unable to exist independently.
Openings: Split to Create Continuous Opening
STRATEGY
TACTIC
Light: Skylit Central Atrium
Movement: Central Stairs Journey through Space
Display/Exhibition Spaces Central Staircase 7
TRANSFORMATION
TYPE
Our Approach
TRANSFORMATION
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
ADAPTIVE REUSE STRATEGIES
15700mm
rainscreen cladding
22300mm
Black Cladding, Glass
16000mm
8200mm
White Glazed Tile, Buff Terracota, Glass Curtain Wall
8
5900mm
Existing Building + Context Analysis
17000mm
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING + CONTEXT MATERIALITY
Structural System Load-Bearing Walls Partition Walls
9
Existing Building + Context Analysis
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
EXSITING STRUCTURE
Radiators
Electrical Trunking
Fire System
Boiler Room 10
Existing Building + Context Analysis
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
EXISITING MEP
Chrystolite Asbestos
Found on the Roof in the Putty
Amosite Asbestos
Found on the First Floor in the Insulation board partitions.
** The other highlighted locations of Asbestos are presumed
11
Existing Building + Context Analysis
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
ASBESTOS ISSUE
EXISTING BUILDING
SHADOW ANALYSIS GENERAL ANALYSIS: The site is in shadow during the winter and receives little sunlight in spring and summer months.
RADIATION ANALYSIS
BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Most of the sunlight is accessed from the two skylights on the roof. RESOLUTIONS: -Proposed design may consider maintaining or creating larger skylight
March 21st
BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Facade facing the courtyard is dark with no windows. RESOLUTIONS: -Proposed design may consider fenestration on the courtyard facing facade, to utilize the views
July 21st
BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: Atrium and open floor spaces are well lit. RESOLUTIONS: -Maintain existing naturally lit ambience within the building , however, carry ambience through all the floors, not just the topmost level. December 21st 12
Existing Site Environmental Analysis
SITE
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
SITE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
03
02
04
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
01
02
Exterior Elements
01
Victorian Steel Skylight
05
Arched Banner
06
Oriel Windows
07
Stained Glass Windows
08
A B
Storefront Curtain Wall C
Oval Windows
B
A
Basement Clerestory
C
Oriel Entrance
D
Interior Elements
03 04
D E 08 07
Cast Iron Columns + Brackets E
06 05 Metal-Clad Meeting Room
13
Glass Partitions
Art Noveau Style Balustrade
Jacobian Staircase
Existing Building + Context Analysis
BUILDING ELEMENTS
4m
11m (max travel distance) (min travel distance)
22m
10m
(Distance between two stairs)
occupant numberfloor area/area of a room or storey by appropriate floor space factor total floor area: 810sqm rough estimation for occupant number - 810/6; 135; less then 600, preferably minimum 2 escape routes/exit.
14
Existing Building + Context Analysis
accesibility to basement
27m
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING REGULATION COMPLIANCE
Bangkok Commons
• Adaptive Reuse • Isolation of Facade • “lifting” of facade
Central Stair creates a social space as focal point of the building
Department of Architecture
Department of Architecture
https://www.archdaily.com/800497/the-commons-department-of-architecture?ad_medium=gallery 15
Design Implementation
Caixa Forum - Madrid
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
PRECEDENT STUDIES
SCHOOL OF ART
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
PROTOTYPING
FINISHING
DISPLAY
• Design of Fabric patterns on laptops; • Testing out garment design with calico fabric;
• Use of fabric machinery to create fabric; • Sewing fabric together; • creating finishing pieces with laser cutter
• works displayed by the Fashion + Art Direction students;
Spaces Needed: Studio space with large tables in proximity to machines
Spaces Needed: Open Spaces in proximity to sewing machines and mannequins
• Visual + Textual research; • Site Analysis; • Sketching intial ideas
• Digitizating intervention • Creating sketch models/ massing models to test out spatial ideas
• Mount modelled output on plinths/ racks/shelves • Mount printed output on walls;
Spaces Needed: Discussion Space with Screens for visualizing data and existing site information; individual cubicles for personal study and research
• Building final models; • Rendering digital model; • collating graphics for research done
Spaces Needed: Studio space with large tables in proximity to 3D printers ; VR cubicles
Spaces Needed: fitted out wood / metal / plastic workshops ; tables to model; computer working spaces
Spaces Needed: Pinup spaces; open spaces for mounted models; screens for digital presentations
• Creation of moodboards; • Visual discussion of ideas with Fashion and Art Direction Students; • Sketching Spaces Needed: Discussion Space with Screens for Visualizing
• Textual Research; • Digital Sketching; • Sketching Spaces Needed: Personal cubicles for self exploration; pin up space for intial thoughts
PROTOTYPING + FINISHING STAGES ARE BLENDED TOGETHER IN THE ART MAKER PROCESS Spaces Needed: Studio/ wall space with individual niches for each student
16
Spaces Needed: Studio/ wall space with individual niches for each student
Spaces Needed: Promenade space, to enable viewers walk through a line of garments; pinup space to display sample fabric
• Mount finish art work on wall for viewing • Cleanout wall space for finished art piece Spaces Needed: Large wall space for display; adequate standing distance from art works
Design Implementation
FASHION INSTITUTE
BRAINSTORMING
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
NARRATIVE’S PROGRAMMATIC INFLUENCE (DATA FROM STUDENT INTERVIEWS)
Fashion Students
BRNST
FNSG
Noise Level
Direct Sunlight Ceiling Work Desk Lighting Indirect Lights Sunlight Group Group Machinery Discussions Discussions Noise
Architectural Planes
Empty Wall Space
Empty Wall Space
Single Volume
Single Volume
Daylighting
Parameters
PRTYP
(Ceiling Work Lights Assumed)
Artificial Lighting
Volume Of Space Critical Proximities
Not Required
Indirect Sunlight
NONE
DSPY Indirect Sunlight Spotlights Group Discussions
Tool Storing Not Required Wall Space Single Volume
Single Volume
Machinery Room 17
02 Arch Students
03 Art Students
Architectural Features of Journey Spaces
01
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF JOURNEY SPACES FASHION STUDENTS’ CREATIVE PROCESS
Brainstorming Space (Architecture Students)
*works sited appropriately on page 36
18
PRTP
FNSH
Design Implementation
BRNS
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
JOURNEY SPACES VISUALS
The building has been laid out with the stairs landing on each level into display spaces on both sides. This move highlights the emphasis our narrative places on the importance of displaying makers’ work. Work produced through the journeys on each level, will be displayed to the public at the entrance of level
19
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
JOURNEY SPACES VISUALS: DISPLAY
Step 1: Demolish Curtain Front Step 2: Needle Through The Facade Step 3: Micropile + Frame Bracing
Step 4: Lift Facade with Hydraulic Jacks Step 5: Steel Columns + Truss
Step 6: Structural System Built Step 7: Interior Walls Added Step 8: Roof Truss System Added
The existing curtain front wall will be removed and replaced with plain glass front to open up the exhibition space on the lower level
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Design Implementation
01. DEMOLISH CURTAIN FRONT
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
TECHNICAL DESIGN
- Identify Adaptive reuse opportunities which support a conservation of Righton Building’s key features as a grade 2 listed building
- Further consultation with MEP and Structural engineer to inquire the building needs as expansion of 2 to 4 floors demands an amplification of interior systems and services as number of users increases. Specialised rooms such as technical workshops and virtual rooms drive the design of the mechanical system of the building.
- Meetings with structural and MEP Engineers to discuss design viability.
- Ratify option that best delivers client brief and user needs
- Consider existing context of building such as Asbestos issues and historical elements for reuse, repurpose or removal
PREPARATION AND BRIEFING - Source site information and surveys from MMU Estates (Client) and building professionals such as Asbestos Consultants.
- Consultation with structural engineer to understand how the building facade could be split and moved by 4-5m for facade retention. Discussions of how the load could be distributed on existing and new columns.
- Interview of MMU Benzie and Chatham students as potential users.
- Consider and amend design based on professional input
- Identify project outcomes and group skills
- Preparation of construction sequence and construction strategies that consider existing site boundaries, transportation and logistics
- Prepare Project Execution Plan
MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION
CONCEPT DESIGN
- Propose a project narrative driven by design concepts. Ensure the design of the proposed makerspace is in line with the MMU key development strategy for 2017-2027: “to create facilities that encourage [research collaboration]... and enables students to explore their potential and connect to the city and public as a whole.” (MMU Estates Strategy)
- Specify construction sequence, primarily structural methods and timescale for construction processes in meeting with engineers, subcontractors and key players of construction process.
- Propose massing study influenced by site analysis. Make site planning decisions informed by the historical context and existing developments which limit proposal boundaries.
- Monitor the retention of historical elements of Righton Building during construction. Removal and encapsulating asbestos elements may take 3-4 weeks.
- Propose adaptive reuse strategies based on existing elements that could be reused, repurpose, removed or enhanced.
- Finalize site logistics and ensure right materials and operatives are in place. Liaise with suppliers to ensure materials arrive as per request and ensure supply of material does not run out to avoid project delays due to damaged or unavailable resources.
- Massing ideas fully developed by the project narrative which will have programmatic influence on the proposed design - Develop several massing options by modeling in Revit and choosing the best fit for design intention and strategy.
SPATIAL COORDINATION
- Perform off-site and onsite construction in line with construction programme.
- Usage of digital technologies to update + track each step of manufacture, packaging, logistic and delivery of work. This is best done by sharing the coordinated BIM Model (Building Information Modelling) to engineers, project managers and contractors to ensure up to date modelling and seamless coordination.
- Undertaking Design Study and research and identifying relevant information for spatial strategies. Team members take part in analysing certain elements of Righton Building and discuss about the potential and making detailed model of the exsiting Righton Building to further understand the site context and the potential elements to adapt to the new design proposal.
HANDOVER
- Identify engineering structural and undertake engineering analysis, to test architectural concepts are spatially coordinated and align to project strategies, outline specification, regulations and procedures. . Then Test initial massing ideas against project narrative and concepts.
- Rectify any defects and undertake seasonal Commissioning; complete initial aftercare tasks, and attach to Post Occupancy Evaluation
- Building the Revit BIM Model (Building Information Modelling) to detail of existing Righton building and a version with changes and adapted reuse to see how the spatial quality, coordination of spaces and the areas that would require further discussion with structural engineers and MEP could be discussed in further detail. Making a model is key in ensuring that ideas can be shared clearly across platforms online as Covid-19 Pandemic has limited face to face meetings
21
- Ensure relevant information related to building is compiled and handed over to client together with BIM model files - Provide review of Project Performance to suppliers, contractors and subcontractors of capability and performance
USE - Implementation of Facilities Management and Asset Management to ensure maintenance work and any additional work takes place when necessary - Undertake Post Occupancy Evaluation of Building performance in use. - Verify Project Outcome and include Sustainability outcomes
Design Implementation
STRATEGIC DEFINITION
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
PLAN OF WORK (RIBA 2020)
COURTYARD
CAVENDISH BUILDING
CAVENDISH BUILDING
BASEMENT SKYLIGHT
W/C
Mech ELEC.
W/C STAFF OFFICE
OFFICE
SERVICE ENTRANCE ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 2
ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 3
Mech STORE
ENCLOSED EXHIBITION SPACE 1
FLEXIBLE EXHIBITION SPACE
22
RECEPTION
ENTRANCE
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
TECHNICIAN
MALE + FEMALE W/C
SKILL SHARE AUDITORIUM
EXHIBTION 1
FABRIC PRINT
BRAINSTORMING AREA
MACHINERY
WORKSPACE
WORKSPACES EXHIBTION 1
FACADE DISPLAY
23
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
EXHIBITON 2
3D PRINTING LAB
SKILL SHARING
VR LAB ENCLOSED EXHIBITION
WORKSPACE
FACADE DISPLAY
24
BRAINSTORMING SPACE
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
PRINT LAB
DIGITAL ART LAB TECHNICIAN OFFICES
EXHIBITION 3
PARTIONABLE WORKSPACE
25
BRAINSTORMING AREA
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
PLANT ROOM
BOILER ROOM
CAFE KITCHENETTE
CAFE
STORE TUTORIAL STUDIO
PANTRY WOOD WORKSHOP
PLANT ROOM
STORE
OFFICES
LIBRARY OF THINGS MEETING ROOM
STORE EVACUATOR
26
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BASEMENT PLAN
18891
Transverse Section Scale: 1:200
6482
7850
3557
13203
8810
3330
3803
7858
A
5800 3091
B 17912
4820
C
6246
D
2099
7522
1794
7956
23756
6049
6077
55791
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
27
Design Implementation
Longitudinal Section Scale: 1:200
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING SECTIONS
28
NEW COLUMN CONNECTION TO EXISTING VICTORIAN COLUMN
Design Implementation
DOUBLE PANE GLASS IN VIERENDEEL TRUSS
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
DETAILED SECTIONS
6482
7850
3557
13203
8810
3330
3803
7858
A
5800 3091
B 17912
4820
3rd Floor: Art Students
C
6246
D
2099
7522
1794
7956
23756
6049
6077
55791
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Basement: Workshops + Cafe
2nd Floor: Architecture Students 1st Floor: Fashion Students Ground Floor: Main Exhibition
29
Design Implementation
18891
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
ZONING SECTION
BUILDING SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: -Topmost building level remains the level with the most access to daylighting. -Atrium and new skylight brightens in central area of the building -Ground floor receives more sunlight due to added exterior glazing
Top Facade Cut Through for the Purpose of Highlighting the Interior Radiation Analysis 30
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
OCCUPANT NUMBERofOF ESCAPE ROUTES TRAVEL DISTANCE OCCUPANT NUMBER NUMBER // NUMBER ESCAPE ROUTES and EXITS TRAVEL DISTANCE
Approved document B
BS 9999 Approved document B
BS 9999
Occupant number
Occupant number
NOTE The occupant capacity of a room, storey, building o r part o f a building is either: a) the maximum number of persons it is designed to hold; or b) the number calculated by dividing the area of room or storey(s) (m 2 ) by the appropriate floor space factor (m 2 per person) such as those given in Table 9.
Travel distance is measured the shortest route. Both of the isfollowing NOTE The occupant capacity of a room, as storey, building or part of a building either: should be observed.number of persons it is designed to hold; or a) the maximum a. If there is fixedbyseating orthe other obstructions, the route is along b) the number calculated dividing areafixed of room or storey(s) (mshortest 2 ) by the the centre line of the (m seatways and gangways. appropriate floor space factor 2 per person) such as those given in Table 9. b. If the route includes a stair, the shortest route is along the pitch line on the centre line of travel.
The travel distance should generally not exceed the value given in Table 11 for the appropriate risk profile; however, if additional fire protection measures are provided the travel distance may be increased subject to certain limitations (see Clause 18). NOTE 1 The travel distances recommended in this subclause are based on the time available to travel safely to an exit (see Clause 11). NOTE 2 These distances have been determined according to the risk profile (see Clause 6), taking into account the following issues.
Number of escape routes and exits The building design should be based on the number of occupants. Table 2.2 gives the minimum number of escape routes and exits from a room or storey for different numbers of occupants. This number is likely to be increased by the need to observe travel distances and other practical considerations.
Number of escape routes and exits The number of escape routes and exits from any room, tier or storey should be not less than the minimum recommended in Table 10 for the intended number of occupants.
Ground Floor First Floor
Second Floor Fire Strategy Circulation
Third Floor
Basement
Fire Escape Fireman Hatch
31
Design Implementation
**CLICK ON THE BUBBLES TO SEE THE DIFFERENT FLOOR PLANS
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING FIRE STRATEGY
Display Landing
Atrium View
Draper’s courtyard
*Artworks sited appropriately on page 36
32
Design Implementation
Entrance View
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING VISUALS: ENTRANCE VIEW
East Elevation Scale 1:200
North + South Elevation Scale 1:200
West Elevation Scale 1:200
33
Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING ELEVATIONS
34 Design Implementation
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
BUILDING VISUALS: REAR VIEW
As a group,we realize that reusing a listed building is a way of contributing to the school’s (and city’s) historical legacy. Throughout the project we tried to maintain the original architectural essence of the Righton Building by re-using some building elements, and creating architetcural features which nod to the aesthetic of the building. BUILDING REGULATION COMPLIANCE We understand that with a proposed re-use that adds some levels, building occupancy increases and thus fire strategy and escape distance measures must be taken to ensure that building occupants are safe in relation to the building regulations. COMPARING THE OLD TO THE NEW A structural comparison of the old re-used elements and the newly built elements will help us understand the impact of the new build with the heritage context. GROUP VISION FOR RIGHTON ON MMU CAMPUS Raising the facade of the building is proposed with the hope that students will use the opened facade as a means to showcase their work not only to the building occupants, but to those on the street and in adjacent buildings.
OTHER SOURCES
1. Cover Image Base, Google Maps: https://www.google. c o m /m a p s / @ 5 3 . 4 6 9 7 3 9 1 , - 2 . 2 3 8 7 5 6 9 , 3 a , 2 2 . 7 y, 1 8 5 . 1 4 h , 1 0 7. 8 8 t / data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1siCR-X3e1VD5i3TfKSriFLQ!2e0!7i16384!8i8192 pg 1, 2, 36 2. Digimap Ordinance Survey. Accessed 29 March 2020. 22:54. pg 2 3. Art work pg 19 by Yoco Nagamiya https://shu84.blogspot.com/2012/05/ yoco-nagamiya-fashion-illustrations.html#more 4. Art work pg 19 by Jessica Durant https://www.etsy.com/uk/ listing/663161138/a-little-bit-coco-print-f rom-original?ref=shop_home_ active_40 5. Art work pg 34 by Magdiel Lopez https://elumina.me/blog/ designer-creates-a-poster-a-day-for-each-day-of-the-year/?utm_ content=buffer5799e&utm_medium=social&utm_source=pinterest. com&utm_campaign=buffer 6. Rendering pg 34 by H Architecture - 2 https://www.archdaily.com/390904/ redesigning-detroit-a-new-vision-for-an-iconic-site-competition-entryh-architecture/51c10ce0b3fc4b934900008f-redesigning-detroit-a-newvision-for-an-iconic-site-competition-entry-h-architecture-image
35
Conclusion
THE MAKER’S JOURNEY
REFLECTION