Concept Statement The inspiration for this design is an eclectic mingle of both historical design along with modern composition to conceive a hotel that will create an emotional bond to the past using Place of Attachment, Historic Preservation and Sympathetic Adaptive Reuse. With the historical essence of Dallas near the turn of the century, when the Jazz Age was in full swing, the goal of The Hotel Fitzgerald will be to create a design that is not just a “wow for the eye” but a “wow for the mind”.
The Hotel Fitzgerald Creating Loyalty and Revisiting Behavior Through Place Attachment
Background
History The 108 year old building, located at 2214 Bryan Street, Dallas, Texas, was designed By Lang and Witchell. The Architectural duo has had a lasting effect on Dallas’ architectural style. The firm was a master of the skyscraper as it defined and shaped the image of Dallas. During their career, they built many of Dallas’ most well known buildings including the Neiman Marcus Building, the Southwestern Life Insurance Company, and the Majestic Theatre. They were known for creating quality designs in the current mode including one of Dallas’ most prestigious Art Deco Buildings: Dallas Power and Light Building. Purpose To create a bond between the guest and the hotel with a purposeful and meaningful design-- while adaptively reusing the building in a way that protects the historical value of the building-- with a goal to create a connection of place for the guests and increase their revisiting behavior.
Old Red Courthouse 1892
Cathedral Guadalupe 1898
First Presbyterian Church 1913
Adolphus Hotel 1912
Majestic Theatre 1920
Dallas Power and Light 1931
116,024 S.F. Gross
Construction
1912
Architect
Lang and Witchell
Architectual Style
Neo-Classical
19
18
25
Building Size
19
High School (Closed)
15
Current Use
19
Old Dallas High School
95
Building
10
Existing Conditions
Neo-Classical 1895-1955 Art Deco 1920-1940
Dallas Architectural Timeline
Art Nouveau 1920-1940
The Old Dallas High School is one of the oldest and most intact high school buildings in Dallas and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Although the building has been vacant for over two decades, this prime downtown location is deemed to be the perfect location for a Boutique Hotel. The hotel will reflect the decadence near the turn of the century in Dallas by encompassing Neo-Classical, Art Deco and Art Nouveau design movements with a twist on modern aesthetics.
Proposed Design Suite Level Floor Plan
All windows are to be restored to original condition, including the original textured window glass, and cannot be relocated as per Preservation Guidelines.
Lobby Level Floor Plan
Front Elevation (North) Per Preservation Guidelines, the Corinthian Columns are to be restored to original condition which will be completed by Skilled Craftsman.
Design Research and Theories
Preserving the Past
Positive Image
Resolution Lasting Impression Reflection of Experience Satisfaction of Expectation
Tourism
Uniqueness
Historic Preservation
Place Attachment Emotional Connection
Revisiting Behavior
Economic Incentives
Historic Preservation
The term historic preservation is used broadly to describe the efforts to retain the historic character of a building and the historical context of a place where a building is located. A confusing aspect of historic preservation concerns the differences between preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, and reconstruction.
In architecture, Adaptive Reuse involves reinventing an existing building for a new use. Sometimes, nothing changes but the building’s use. The Adaptive Reuse of a historic building should have minimal impact on the historic significance of the building and its setting. Adaptive Reuse can be self-defeating if it fails to protect the building’s historic value.
Case Study: A Loyalty to Mauritius
Case Study: The Peabody Hotel
Case Study: Hotel Fresno
Designed by architectural mastermind Jean Marc Eynaud and designer David Edwards, Constance Le Prince Maurice is where style, space, and architectural designs create a perfect boutique hotel lifestyle on the Island of Mauritus. Peaceful by day, the hotel is amidst lush tropical greenery. Picturesque at night, the structure of the hotel is enhanced by warm lights positioned to harmonize with the environment.
The original Peabody Hotel opened and immediately became the social hub of Memphis. In 1925, a newer, grander Peabody was built at its present location continuing the legacy of the “South’s Grand Hotel.” It was 1933 when ducks were originally placed in the hotel’s lobby fountain.The Peabody name has become synonymous with the five North American mallard ducks that are now the living symbol of the Peabody brand.
The Hotel Fresno opened it’s doors in 1913. It is Fresno’s oldest existing hotel in Fresno and is on the Local Register of Historic Resources. The hotel was designed by Edward T. Foulkes. He won a private competition to design the Hotel Fresno. The hotel was his first commission in Fresno, and the following two decades he became a significant figure in the architectural history of Downtown Fresno, helping shape its design.
There seems to exist a certain consensus in the use of the term place attachment. Overall, place attachment has been defined as an “affective bond or link between people and a specific place.” The primary characteristic of this concept is the desire to main closeness to the object of attachment; a place where they feel comfortable and secure.
Integration
Life Context Culture Products and Innovations Ways of Living
Adaptive Reuse
Place Attachement
Sustainable
Experience Use Provide Pleasure Fit with Life
Adaptive Reuse Innovative
Less Waste
Engagement Social Awareness Attraction Communications
Commitment The beach front guest rooms are inspired by the principles of Feng Shui to create the perfect sense of harmony; all beds stand high above floor level to help the circulation of Qi.
In the hotel’s Archipel restaurant, there are internal concrete columns at the center of the restaurant to increase the concentration of energy in the center.
The elegant spa is set in a tranquil corner of the gardens and centered around a stone courtyard with a calming heated pool to relax and rejuvenate.
Constructed in 1925, the 12 story Renaissance Revival was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
The two story main lobby with marble columns and ornate polychrome beamed ceilings provided a dramatic entrance to a opulent and grand building of superb architectural merit.
The decision to renovate the old hotel hinged on its historic character and its prominent location. The estimated cost of renovating the Peabody hotel to a first class hotel totaled 14 million as of October of 1975.
When construction was completed in 1912, the opulent Fresno Hotel served as a social center for the city. Its guest lists included the likes of Jack Dempsey, Gary Cooper, Joe Louis, and Richard Nixon.
The hotel was converted in the 1960’s to senior apartments, but poor management lead to further decline. In 1983, the building closed for repairs and has remained closed since. It has suffered from neglect and vandalism, particularly in the interior.
In 2014, APEC International asked the City of Fresno for a $1.9 million dollar loan to help fund the $21.1 million dollar project. Hotel Fresno would be renovated into a 79 unit apartment complex with retail and office space. THE LOAN WAS APPROVED!
Focus Areas and FF&E Lobby Lounge Area, 1st Floor
Bird’s Eye View of the Lobby Bar with Corinthian Columns Restored Original Condition
Hotel Fitgerald Lobby Bar Color Palette
Lobby Bar During the Evening with Ambient Lighting from Custom Designed Italian Chandeliers
Daisy Buchanan Concept Suite, 3rd Floor
Daisy Buchanan Suite Color Palette
Custom Designed Period-Inspired Case Goods in Daisy Buchanan Suite
Daisy Buchanan Suite with Full Guest Room Bar and Seating for Six
Art Deco Ceiling Design and Custom Chandelier in Daisy Buchanan Suite
Jay Gatsby Concept Suite, 3rd Floor
Jay Gatsby Suite Color Palette
Over-Sized Bathroom with Soaking Tub in Jay Gatsby Suite
Jay Gatsby Suite with Art Deco Tables Custom Designed from Original Pieces
References Brown, F. A. (1980). Rehabilitating Historic Hotels: Peabody Hotel, Memphis, Tennesee. US Department of Interior Heritage Conservation and Recreation Services Technical Preservation Services Division, 1-52. Burden, E. (2012). Illustrated Dictionary of Architecture . New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Constance Le Prince Maurice. (2016, February 8). Retrieved from Constance Le Prince Maurice: https://www.constancehotels.com/en/hotels-resorts/mauritius/le-prince-maurice/ Hern, L. M. (2001). Place Attchement: Conceptual and Empirical Questions. Journal of Environmental Psychology Vol. 21, 273-281. Kerr, W. (2004). Adaptive Reuse: Preserviing Our Past, Building Our Future. Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage, 1-20. Lewis, D. (1999, October 12). Dallas Landmark Commission Landmark Nomination Form. Dallas Landmark Commission Landmark Nomination Form. Dallas, Texas, USA: Preservation Dallas. Love, P. A. (2011). Adaptive Reuse of Heritage Buildings. Structural Survey Vol. 29 No. 5, 411-421. Micchael Holleran, M. O. (2015). Economic Impact of Historic Preservation in Texas. The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, 1-59. Peabody Memphis. (2016, February 10). Peabody Memphis. Retrieved from Peabody Memphis: http://www.peabodymemphis.com Pelaez, T. (2011). Experiental Hospitality Environments: The Roles of the Interior Architectual Features in Afording Meaning of PLace. Florida International University, 1-76.
Art Featuring Louis Armstrong, Paul Newman and Duke Ellington in Jay Gatsby Suite
Peterson, R. B. (2000). Historic Preservation. Excerpt from The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice, 13th edition, 1-6. Qiu, J. F.-L. (Vol. 43(3) 340-354). Examining the Effects of Tourist Resort Image on Place Attachment: A Case of Zhejiang, China. Public Personnel Management , 2014. Ryan, G. P. (2012). Antecedents of Tourists’ Loyalty to Mauritius: The Role and Influence of Destination Image, Place Attachment, Personal Involvement, and Satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research Vol. 51, 342 –356. Tsai, C.-F. (Winter 2015). The Relationships among Destination Image, Perceived Quality, Emotional Place Attachment, Tourist Satisfaction, and Post-visiting Behavior Intentions . Marketing Review (Xing Xiao Ping Lun) Vol. 12, No.4, 455-479. Preservation Dallas. (2015). Historic Architectural Styles of Dallas. Dallas: Preservation Dallas. Tsai, S.‐p. (2012). Place Attachment and Tourism Marketing: Investigating International Tourists in Singapore. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH Int. J. Tourism Res. 14, 139-152. What is Heritage Conservation? A brief Overview. . (2016, February 13). Retrieved from Architectural Conservation of Ontario: http://www.heritagemeaford.com/ heritage-conservation-a-brief-overview-article7 Young, R. A. (2008). Historic Preservation Technology. Hoboken: Wiley.
A Special Thanks to the Project Mentors David Preziosi, Executive Director, Preservation Dallas Jerret Click, Vice-President, Jack Matthews Southwest Aimee Sanborn, Director of Sustainability, Merriman Associates Kimberley Miller, CEO, Duncan Miller Ullman Design Stephanie Clift, Director of Interior Design, Duncan Miller Ullman Design Rose Wallace, Director of Visualization, Duncan Miller Ullman Design