1-Title: Exploring the art with water on Mars. Art style mars water Intellectual Property: #267137. 2016. Chile 2-Objective: Create a new style of watercolor with a compound similar to the salt water of Mars, getting a different classical watercolor texture. With support in canvas printed of them photographs digital of Google Mars. The style is known as Art mars water. 3-Description: Images from the regions of Mars, using Google Mars to be digitally printed in colours and canvas are selected. The artist uses the technique of free strokes and creative with high quality watercolor paint and resistant, juxtaposition also diluted colors Neon and metallic acrylic and mixed with saltwater with compound similar to Mars. For the artistic work consists of 30% calcium perchlorate and magnesium perchlorate with the water. The info about the discovery and composition of water on Mars, is appended in the project. Before painting on the canvas, a synthetic resin resistant and transparent film is covered to protect any corrosion as an insulator, before painting with very salty water and also creates a glow effect. He style artistic is inspires in the spots of the regions of Mars, to recreate a world abstract Martian, with influence surrealist. Again the painting will be protected with a layer of clear plastic on the canvas. So avoids corrosion and free of any type of contact before the public or client. 4-Rationale: The planet Mars every day form part of our reality. There are more news, more investment and exploration to colonize Mars in the near future, so I think that these works of art will be of great interest to the public and with the innovative technique to paint watercolors with salted water with compound similar to the red planet and on canvas with printed photographs in Google Mars digital. So is a unique technique that would appeal to the public. 5-Impact: The works of art will be original and unique, they are not repeated. The unique in the world that works with watercolor with water salty Martian. By what appeals to the public and media promotion. In an era that begins the human being to colonize Mars as Mars One, Nasa, SpaceX project. By what a decade, these works of art acquired much value. The chemical industry more important Sigma Aldrich sells magnesium perchlorate and calcium of high quality at a price affordable and economical. http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/
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6-Proposal: I request a stay and a workshop where these works can work for a period of 8 months. I can produce 20 large works 2.60 metres by 1.60 meter wide rectangular format. These canvases are printed with digital technology as explained in the description and then create salted water with the composition similar to Mars. Exhibit works with the water of mars in his cultural space. For the public interested can invite to One Mars, Mars Society, NASA, space companies involved in the project to Mars. 7-Adds photos of them sketches:
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Name: Pedro Villanueva González. Born:1º August 1974. Havana. Cuba Address: Box 170. Punta Arenas. Chile Phone: (61)2742228 Email: pedrovilla74@yahoo.com STUDIES: 1987-1990: School of Visual Art “20 de Octubre”. Havana. Cuba 1990-1994: National Academy of Fine Arts. Havana. Cuba SOLO EXHIBITIONS: 2009: 2003: 2003: 2002: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1999: 1999: 1999: 1998: 1998: 1998: 1998. 1997: 1997: 1997: 1996: 1996: 1994:
Cultural Centre, Targoviste, (Sponsored by Mayor of City, Iulian Furcoiu) Romania. Hall Art of provincial government, Puerto Natales, Chile. Hall of Art in the international Film Festival of Patagonia, Puerto Natales, Chile. National University of the Patagonia, Rio Turbio, Argentina. Jackie’s Gallery, Maryland. USA. Soulfood Gallery, Hasselt. Belgium. Former presidential palace Museum. Havana. Cuba Social institute of Study, The Hague, Netherlands. Municipal Museum, Tirgu-Jiu, Romania. Cultural Latin-American Center, Bucarest, Romania. Cultural Centre of Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. Painture Gallery, Luxembourg. Cultural Centre “Franz Masereel”, Saint Niklaas, Belgium. Cultural Centre Via-Via, Antwerpen, Belgium. Knox Galleries, Florida, USA. International Centrum, Brussels, Belgium. Cultural Centre “Groene de Waterman, Antwerpen, Belgium. Museum of the City, Havana, Cuba. Indiano Gallery, Asturias, Spain. Cities of the World Gallery, Havana, Cuba. 6
1994: Sienna Ediciones de Arte Gallery, Santiago, Chile. GROUP EXHIBITIONS: 2001: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1996: 1991:
Altimonde Gallery, Paris, Francia. Monticelli Gallery, Asturias, Spain. Cultural Centre La Merce, Girona, Spain. Museum of Fine Arts of Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina. Hator Gallery, Asturias, Spain. Knox Galleries, Colorado, USA. Museum of Humor, San Antonio de los BaĂąos, Cuba.
WORK COLLECTIONS: Museum of the former presidential palace. Havana. Cuba. Museum of Humor, San Antonio de los BaĂąos, Cuba. Marquise de Labriffe, Paris, France. Michelle Bachelet president of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Others: Is founder of the project sculpture located in the latitude 0 and longitude 0, with the support of IMO, of the President of Parliament of Belgium, Minister of culture New Zealand, etc. Link: https://issuu.com/teresitadejesusgonzalez/docs/project_sea__2_ He has published articles in the Institute for ethics and emerging technologies IEET. USA. Link: http://ieet.org/index.php/IEET/bio/villanueva/ Articles: "Looking Toward the Red Planet. Mars Party." Ethical Technology Jul 18, 2016 "Pluslectric - the Dialectic of Positive Feedback" Ethical Technology Jan 11, 2016
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9-Adds information from NASA on the Mars water: In May 2008, the Wet Chemistry Laboratory (WCL) on board the 2007 Phoenix Mars Lander performed the first wet chemical analysis of martian soil. The analyses on three samples, two from the surface and one from depth a of 5 cm (2.0 in), revealed a slightly alkaline soil and low levels of salts typically found on Earth. Unexpected though was the presence of ~0.6% by weight perchlorate (ClO− 4), most likely as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO4)2 and 40% Mg(ClO4)2.[13][14][15] These salts, formed from perchlorates discovered at the Phoenix landing site, act as antifreeze and will substantially lower the freezing point of water. Based on the temperature and pressure conditions on presentday Mars at the Phoenix lander site, conditions would allow a perchlorate salt solution to be stable in liquid form for a few hours each day during the summer.[16] The possibility that the perchlorate was a contaminant brought from Earth has been eliminated by several lines of evidence. The Phoenix retro-rockets used ultra pure hydrazine and launch propellants consisted of ammonium perchlorate. Sensors on board Phoenix found no traces of ammonium, and thus the perchlorate in the quantities present in all three soil samples is indigenous to the martian soil. In 2006, a mechanism was proposed for the formation of perchlorates that is particularly relevant to the discovery of perchlorate at the Mars Phoenix lander site. It was shown that soils with high concentrations of chloride converted to perchlorate in the presence of titanium dioxide and sunlight/ultraviolet light. The conversion was reproduced in the lab using chloride-rich soils from Death Valley.[17] Other experiments have demonstrated that the formation of perchlorate is associated with wide band gap semiconducting oxides.[18] In 2014, it was shown that perchlorate and chlorate can be produced from chloride minerals under martian conditions via UV using only NaCl and silicate.[19] Further findings of perchlorate and chlorate in the martian meteorite EETA79001 [20] and by the Mars Curiosity rover in 2012-2013 support the notion that perchlorates are widespread,[21][22] and even inspired a Science article titled "Pesky Perchlorates All Over Mars".[23] At half-apercentage of the component of Martian soil ("a fair amount"), Martian perchlorates present a serious challenge to human settlement,[24] and have rendered Kim Stanley Robinson's Mars trilogy somewhat anachronistic.[25] On September 28, 2015, NASA announced that analyses of spectral data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars instrument (CRISM) on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter from four different locations where recurring slope lineae (RSL) are present found evidence for hydrated salts. The hydrated salts most consistent with the spectral 8
absorption features are magnesium perchlorate, magnesium chlorate and sodium perchlorate. The findings strongly support the hypothesis that RSL form as a result of contemporary water activity on Mars.[26][27][28][29][30 Because the atmospheric pressure at the Martian surface is extremely low, just 7-10 millibars, pure water can exist as liquid only transiently. At certain times of the day during the Martian summer, the temperature gets high enough for droplets to form, from water vapor condensing, or from ice melting. But usually, water on Mars doesn’t even have a liquid state and instead sublimates between vapor and ice. That’s not great news for those of us interested in finding microorganisms on Mars, but fortunately there’s a loophole: salinity. Salt changes the equation. The saltier water gets, the the more stable liquid water becomes, even at very low atmospheric pressures like the pressure on Mars. Thus, lakes, ponds, seas, rivers, and streams of water are possible on the surface of Mars, but only if they are brines, like the Dead Sea, which has a salinity of 33.7 percent. That’s so salty that you float without a life preserver and the existence of similar super briny water on Mars is supported by multiple lines of evidence. The findings published in the new paper –whose first author, Lujendra Ojha, is a planetary science graduate student at Georgia Tech– solve the mystery of the dark streaks on Mars. The streaks really are due to brines, which means that water on the surface is not something that happened only billions of years ago. Instead, bodies of salty water also exist from time under the current Martian climate. Recently, there could have been lakes, ponds, and rivers. There could even be small bodies of surface brine right now that we have yet to discover. Also, the fact that it’s perchlorate brine could be significant for astrobiology, because perchlorate could provide microbes a source of energy, which is another requirement for life. But when it comes to finding life forms in Martian surface brine, there’s a caveat. The concentration of perchlorate is actually too high for life. H. marismortui is an example of how an organism can thrive in the 33.7 percent salinity of the Dead Sea and our understanding of biochemistry dovetails with this. Rather than being like the Dead Sea, the brine that we envision now on Mars would be similar to a briny spot in Antarctica, called Don Juan Pond, where the salinity is a whopping 44 percent, due to high levels of calcium chloride. Even H. marismortui, and unfortunately, any similar Mars organism that we could imagine, would not survive in that. 1. Hecht, M. H., S. P. Kounaves, R. Quinn; et al. (2009). "Detection of Perchlorate & the Soluble Chemistry of Martian Soil at the Phoenix Mars Lander Site". Science 325 (5936): 64–67. Bibcode:2009Sci...325...64H. doi:10.1126/science.1172466. PMID 19574385. 2. Jump up ^ Kounaves S. P.; et al. (2010). "Wet Chemistry Experiments on the 2007 Phoenix Mars Scout Lander: Data Analysis and Results". J. Geophys. Res. 115: E00E10. Bibcode:2009JGRE..114.0A19K. doi:10.1029/2008JE003084. 3. Jump up ^ Kounaves S. P.; et al. (2014). "Identification of the Perchlorate Parent Salts at the Phoenix Mars Landing Site and Possible Implications". Icarus 232: 226–231. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.01.016. 4. Jump up ^ Chevrier, V. C., Hanley, J., and Altheide, T.S. (2009). "Stability of perchlorate hydrates and their liquid solutions at the Phoenix landing site, Mars". Geophysical Research Letters 36 (10): L10202. Bibcode:2009GeoRL..3610202C. doi:10.1029/2009GL037497.
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5. Jump up ^ Miller, Glen. "Photooxidation of chloride to perchlorate in the presence of desert soils and titanium dioxide". American Chemical Society. March 29, 2006 6. Jump up ^ Schuttlefield Jennifer D., Sambur Justin B., Gelwicks Melissa, Eggleston Carrick M., Parkinson B. A. (2011). "Photooxidation of Chloride by Oxide Minerals: Implications for Perchlorate on Mars". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133: 17521–17523 1. 2. 3.
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Webster, Guy; Agle, DC; Brown, Dwayne; Cantillo, Laurie (28 September 2015). "NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars". Retrieved 28 September 2015. Jump up ^ Chang, Kenneth (28 September 2015). "NASA Says Signs of Liquid Water Flowing on Mars". New York Times. Retrieved 28 September 2015. Jump up ^ Ojha, Lujendra; Wilhelm, Mary Beth; Murchie, scortt L.; McEwen, Alfred S.; Wray, James J.; Hanley, Jennifer; Massé, Marion; Chojnacki, Matt (28 September 2015). "Spectral evidence for hydrated salts in recurring slope lineae on Mars". Nature Geoscience 8: 829–832. doi:10.1038/ngeo2546. Retrieved 28 September 2015. Jump up ^ Staff (28 September 2015). "Video Highlight (02:58) - NASA News Conference Evidence of Liquid Water on Today's Mars". NASA. Retrieved 30 September 2015. Jump up ^ Staff (28 September 2015). "Video Complete (58:18) - NASA News Conference - Water Flowing on Present-Day Mars m". NASA. Retrieved 30 September 2015. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Susarla Sridhar, Collette T. W., Garrison A. W., Wolfe N. L., McCutcheon S. C. (1999). "Perchlorate Identification in Fertilizers". Environmental Science and Technology 33: 3469–3472. doi:10.1021/es990577k.
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