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IBM 000-283 Exam
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Foundations of IBM Cloud Computing Architecture V3
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IBM Test 000-283 exam: Foundations of IBM Cloud Computing Architecture V3
IBM Exam 000-283 Test information: Number of questions: 48 Time allowed in minutes: 75 Required passing score: 66%
Latest ibm 000-283 exam test Related certifications: IBM Certified Solution Advisor - Cloud Computing Architecture V3
New details for ibm test 000-283 exam topics Section 1: Cloud Computing Concepts and Benefits Given a list of cloud computing environment's attributes, describe how those attributes are realized to provide business advantages so that the business advantages of cloud computing have been defined. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Virtualization: Resources can be shared between many computing resources (physical servers or application servers). Provide more efficient utilization of IT resources and reduce hardware cost through resource consolidations and economies-of-scale. Lower Total Cost of Ownership and improving asset utilization. Dynamic: Resources are dynamically provisioned (or deprovisioned) based on consumer demands. Reduce IT cycle time and management cost. Elastic scaling: IT environments scale up and down by any magnitudes as needed to satisfy customer demands. Optimize IT resource utilization and increase flexibility. Service Automation Management: IT environments that provide the capability to request, deliver, and manage IT services automatically. Reduce IT operational costs by automating the processes used to deliver and manage a cloud computing environment. Pervasiveness: Services are delivered through use of Internet and on any platform.
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Improve customer experience by enabling services to be accessed from anywhere and anytime. Flexible pricing: Services are tracked with usage metrics to enable multiple payment models. Improve cost transparency and offer more flexible pricing schemes. Self Service: Cloud service consumers can initiate workload provisioning on-demand. Improves service delivery by automating the processes used to request workloads. Given the definition and attributes of virtualization, describe how it is a key infrastructure element for cloud computing so that the costs for infrastructure investment can be reduced. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Computing resources (servers, networks, and storage) are dynamically created, expanded, compacted, or moved as demand varies. Under-utilized physical servers are consolidated into a smaller number of more fully utilized physical servers running virtual workloads. Virtualization is a key infrastructure element for cloud computing because: Allows sharing, manageability, and isolation of computing resources. Significant cost savings via server consolidations and optimal resource utilization. Provides a way for provisioning a computing resource dynamically and automatically. Given an audience with knowledge of current data center technology, define dynamic infrastructure so that a model of how cloud computing relates to dynamic infrastructure is produced. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Explain dynamic infrastructure: Dynamic infrastructure is an information technology paradigm concerning the design of data centers so that the underlying hardware and software can respond dynamically to changing levels of demand in more fundamental and efficient ways than before. Explain cloud computing's relationship to dynamic infrastructure. Cloud computing is a way to establish a dynamic infrastructure, specifically to optimize the IT infrastructure through virtualization and self service. This helps to reduce cost, efficiently utilize staff and better manage and automate operations while enabling a data center manager to dynamically adjust their IT infrastructure to meet changing demand levels and new business requirements. Given an audience with knowledge of current data center technology, define elasticity so a model of
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how cloud computing relates to elasticity is produced. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Explain elasticity as it relates to cloud computing. A user can create, launch, and terminate server instances as needed, paying by the hour for active servers, hence the term "elastic". Cloudbursting (capacity over drafting) is automatically adding and subtracting compute and storage capacity on demand to handle workloads in the cloud. Define the 3 levels of elasticity. Define the impact of elasticity on workloads deployed in the cloud and explain how they interact with cloud management layer to request / relinquish capacity. The cloud computing management platform can detect a workload requires more capacity by either receiving messages over a service bus, or monitoring the infrastructure utilization. The application can receive a signal that additional capacity is now available and scale horizontally. The application can relinquish unutilized capacity and signal the cloud computing management platform to decommission unused capacity. Explain the difference between elasticity and scalability. Elasticity means the platform and the applications running on the platform can handle sudden, unanticipated, and extraordinary workloads. Scalability is a planned level of capacity, with appropriate overhead that the systems require over time, in addition to the ability to scale in a quick and easy manner. Given the benefits of automation in an IT infrastructure, describe how it is a key infrastructure management attribute of cloud computing so that how automation can reduce system administrative tasks and achieve cost saving has been explained. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Automation is a key infrastructure management for cloud computing because without the benefits of automation, the complexity of a cloud environment is increased significantly and thus generate added costs – costs high enough to cancel out the cost savings derived from cloud computing in the first place. Provides standardization and automation for deployment and management of IT services. Provides the ability to maintain or improve quality and cost per IT service.
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Provides a management stack that is easier to handle and provides for smoother workload migration. Provides the ability to be audit proof and integrated with process governance. Provides the ability to reduce costly manual interventions. Provides the ability for IT to reduce the skill requirements needed for deploying and managing IT services. Reduces errors caused by manual processes. Given the benefits of provisioning in an IT infrastructure, define how it is a key infrastructure management for cloud computing so that the benefits of provisioning have been defined. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Provisioning is the automated process of creating, preparing, and configuring computing resources (physical servers, middleware and application server, network, storage space, services, etc.). Provisioning helps optimize availability by maintaining configurations and managing changes to resources. Provisioning is used to capture and rerun scenarios of highly complex tasks, thus minimize the potential for human errors. Explain the trade-offs between provisioning OS image and middleware separately, or with middleware baked into OS image. When middleware and OS image is provisioned separately version control is easier and independent of each other. When middleware is baked with OS image, changes are required to the service catalog every time a version has to be changed. Explain pattern-based provisioning and how it reduces the overall application provisioning time. With pattern-based provisioning multiple software components needed to support a given application are provisioned and integrated in a single logical step. Patterns may also address specific needs such as high availability, security or scalability. Section 2: Cloud Computing Design Principles Given an understanding of cloud computing, define cloud architecture so that the characteristics of cloud architecture have been defined.. With emphasis on performing the following tasks:
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Cloud architecture refers to the systems architecture of the hardware and software systems involved in the delivery of cloud computing, typically involving multiple cloud components communicating with each other over a dynamic coupling mechanism. Cloud architectures typically leverage Internet-accessible on-demand services. Applications built on cloud architectures are such that the underlying computing infrastructure is used only when it is needed (for example to process a user request), draw the necessary resources on-demand (like compute servers or storage), perform a specific job, then relinquish the resources and often dispose themselves after the job is done. While in operation, the application scales up or down elastically based on resource needs. Characteristics: Service Based Scalable & Elastic Shared Metered by use Internet based. Given an audience with knowledge of current data system technology, identify the differences between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS) so that the core cloud service delivery models have been clearly described.. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Define Iaas. In this most basic cloud service model, IaaS providers offer resources including servers, storage and network. The virtual machines are run as guests by a hypervisor, such as Xen or KVM. Pools of hypervisors within the cloud operational support system support large numbers of virtual machines and the ability to scale services up and down according to customers' varying requirements. IaaS clouds often offer additional capabilities such as image management in a virtual image library, raw (block) and file-based storage, firewalls, load balancers, IP addresses, virtual local area networks (VLANs), and software bundles. Define PaaS. In the PaaS model, cloud providers deliver a computing platform typically including operating system, programming language execution environment, database, and web server. Application developers can develop and run their software solutions on a cloud platform without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. With some PaaS offers, the underlying
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computing and storage resources scale automatically to match application demand such that cloud user does not have to allocate resources manually. Define SaaS. In the SaaS model, cloud providers install and operate application software in the cloud and cloud users access the software from cloud clients. The cloud users do not manage the cloud infrastructure and platform on which the application is running. This eliminates the need to install and run the application on the cloud user's own computers simplifying maintenance and support. Given an audience familiar with data system architecture, explain the hardware (computing, storage and network elements) used in a cloud computing environment to produce the required cloud infrastructure, so that the hardware components for a cloud computing environment have been defined. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Processing unit: the processing unit generally contains CPU and RAM used by the virtualized resources. It must be able to support: Elasticity: ability to meet changing requirements of visualized resources. As an example, a processing unit may is required to support multiple virtualized resources with competing requirements for processing power and RAM. Migration: the ability to move virtualized assets from one processing unit to another. Storage: storage can be localized to the processing unit or can be shared among multiple processing units. Storage must be able to support: rapid provisioning, deprovisioning and configuration of virtual storage assets ability to migrate virtual assets security measures to keep one customer from accessing another customers data. Network: the network hardware must be able to support the various networks used in the cloud environment. Different networks have different requirements, and this means that there may be a variety of specialized hardware. As an example, fiber channel hardware may be used to implement a storage area network(SAN) processing unit and centralized storage while Ethernet hardware used to implement customers VLANs may have to support different speeds. Single networking hardware components may also support multiple networks. As an example, a management network and customer network may share the same physical Ethernet switch.
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Section 3-1: IBM Cloud Computing Architecture Given the IBM Cloud Computing Reference Architecture (CCRA) V3 blueprint, describe the benefits of cloud has been demonstrated. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Describe the benefits of the IBM CCRA V3: It saves your client's time and money by providing detailed documentation on the steps and components required for constructing a cloud implementation across all deployment models. Your clients can benefit from IBM's experience in creating public, private and hybrid clouds with one common architecture with reusable assets Your clients receive a quicker start to create an industrial strength cloud with predefined use cases and documentation on the architectural decisions that must be made for security, service management, performance and virtualization support. Describe the guiding principles of IBM CCRA V3: It defines prescriptive solution architectures with architectural work products that are consumable by the field. The deliverables have been planned in consultation with field-facing personnel leveraging IBM's experience in cloud deployments worldwide. It defines a modular roadmap to start a cloud deployment quickly and incrementally add capabilities over time. Component Level: Virtualized Resource Management - ability to manage physical resources and the provisioning of O/S and application images to fulfill tasks and services as needed. The concept is to replace vs. repair. Saves on time, SLA and improves customer sat. Service Automation Management - this is the ability and the management layer to remove the human factor from managing the service provisioning, and physical infrastructure management. Allows users to request, deploy, monitor and manage cloud computing services. Lowers cost of service, improves IT service deployment speed, delivers higher standardization and automation, offers integrated management to address lifecycle changes, improves traceability of processes and approval routings and integrates process governance. Heat and Power Management - this is the focus on reducing data center expenses through
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the efficient management of power consumption and head dissipation therefore cooling requirements based on system usage and service delivery/load. Image Management - management and standardization of OS and application images, delivery, distribution, relocation and removal in order to meet SLA and QoS requirements. This is also the place where customers are usually concerned about collocation of images and memory bleeding - discrete images and contained services are key to cloud service delivery. Security - (this is discussed to a greater extent in another section) - to fully benefit from cloud computing, one must ensure that the data, applications, systems are properly secured so that the cloud infrastructure doesn't expose the organization to risk. Cloud computing has the traditional aspects of IT security, but it may present an added level of risk because of the external aspects of cloud model. Therefore one must consider security aspects, such as data integrity, privacy, support data and service availability and compliance. Usage Metering and Accounting - cloud computing will not help an organization determine who will pay for what resource, but it can help provide a platform for an infrastructure design that establishes a charge-back model for metering and billing. Cloud and IT Efficiencies: Operation and Maintenance - cloud computing frees the user from the finer details of IT system configuration and maintenance, enabling them to spend more time on mission critical tasks and less time on Operation and Maintenance through the implementation of management services and middleware. Complexity and Interdependence - IT systems are increasingly crucial to the operations of organizations, this result in complexity and interdependence of systems, requiring a formal plan for business continuity and disaster recovery. The increases in compliance-related legislation, such as HiPAA and Sarbanes-Oxley have significantly increased organizations' reliance on IT and responsibility for their data and software. IBM Service Management (ISM): Improved service management processes - improves staff efficiency and optimization of IT resources leading to higher returns on IT investments. Integrated Service Management Processes - best practices that leverage standardization, IT infrastructure that extends beyond the equipment owned by the enterprise, service architecture that maps the business process to its enabling services and clear policies and standards
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Economies-of-scale: Identify commonalities - find common elements at all layers to simplify and consolidate the environment, services and load while maintaining SLA, security and QoS requirements. Reuse management/CCMP components - reuse management applications, hardware elements, images as necessary to find the most effective delivery of services at the lowest overall cost. Cloud Services: Reuse of service elements (service artifacts) - the service creator is the one who uses service development tools to develop cloud services. This includes both the development of runtime artifacts and management aspect like monitoring, metering and provisioning. The artifacts refer to any capability needed for running what is delivered as a service by cloud deployment. Like database schemas, analytics, virtual images etcďż˝ Given an understanding of the IBM CCRA V3, describe the Platform Services Adoption Pattern so that the general architecture and solutions recommended for the Platform Services Adoption Pattern are understood. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Describe the roles - User (Customer, Partner, Agent), Creator and Provider User represents any person or system that can interact with the Cloud Computing environment, including customer, partner, developer and provider employees. Creators create the applications, packaging and definitions that become the Cloud Services offered by the provider. Provider is the entity that makes the cloud services available and manages the support systems that manage the cloud services. Describe the domains within the Provider - Access, Cloud Services, Common Cloud Management Platform (BSS, OSS), Infrastructure. The Access domain provides the edge of network infrastructure for the Provider including security, routing, network optimization and network protection functions Describe the functional categories within BSS. BSS categories are Customer Management, Product Management, Partner Management, Subscription Management, Metering, Billing, Rating and Charging, Financial Management, Analytics and Reporting
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Describe the functional categories within OSS. OSS categories are Service Automation, Package On-boarding, Service Quality Management, Package Management, Service Operations Management, VM Management and Resource Management Describe the five access interfaces - Customer Access, Storefront, Customer Management, Partner Management, Provider Management. Customer Access provides the interface (visual or non-visual) for interacting with Cloud Services. Storefront provides the interface for discovering, selecting and ordering Cloud Services. Customer Management provides the interface for managing customer accounts, users/groups and existing subscriptions. Partner Management provides the interface for managing partner accounts and product management by partners. Provider Management provides the interfaces for managing the cloud and its systems by the provider and its agents. List the solutions and products that implement the adoption pattern. The Platform Services adoption pattern describes methods to provide application development and deployment environments, middleware deployment and management environments, and cloud integration services where the consumer has access to the data and applications for the platform, but not the underlying supporting infrastructure. Solutions prescribed to implement the patterns: -IBM SmartCloud Continous Delivery -IBM SmartCloud Provisioning -IBM Workload Deployer -IBM PureApplication Systems -Rational Asset Manager -Rational Automation Framework -SmartCloud Enterprise Section 3-2: IBM Cloud Computing Architecture Given an understanding of the IBM CCRA V3, describe Cloud Service Consumers, Cloud Service Creators, Cloud Service Provider, Cloud Services and the Common Cloud Management Platform so that an
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understanding of the key architectural concepts and actors has been demonstrated. With emphasis on performing the following tasks: Explain the role of the Cloud service consumer:Cloud service consumers require a simplified interface with well-defined service offerings, pricing and contracts. The cloud service consumer is the individual, organization or system which consumes service instances delivered by a particular cloud service. -Examples of service consumption are requests for virtual servers, changes to CPU capacity, requests for storage based on pre-defined templates, etcďż˝ Cloud service consumers browse the service offering catalog and trigger service instantiation requests. Explain the role of the Cloud service provider:Cloud service providers are the owners of the Common Cloud Management Platform (CCMP), and are responsible for providing cloud services to the cloud service consumer. The cloud service provider may itself be a consumer of the CCMP (in a hosted SaaS offering for example), or they may be running the CCMP themselves. Explain the role of the Cloud service creator:Cloud service creators are responsible for creating the services being offering in the cloud services offering. Cloud service creators produce their cloud services by leveraging and enhancing functionality exposed by the cloud service provider. Cloud service creators would be responsible for the design, testing, implementation and maintenance of management artifacts specific to a cloud service. The cloud service creator can be an organization (e.g., ISV company) or an individual (e.g., business/technical specialists in the ISV creating services) Describe Cloud Services as defined by the IBM CCRA V3: There are 4 categories of cloud services: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, BPaaS In contrast to traditional IT services, cloud services have attributes such as pay-per-usage, self-service usage, flexible scaling and shared-usage. Describe the CCMP: The CCMP architecture is responsible for delivering instances of cloud services of any category to cloud service consumers, in an ongoing, self-service fashion.
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The infrastructure element layer relates to the hardware infrastructure such as facilities, servers, storage, and network resources. -No software or hypervisor, or virtualization management software is included in this infrastructure layer. -The infrastructure is managed by the OSS part of the CCMP. The CCMP exposes a set of BSS and OSS: -BSS Examples - Customer account management, service offering catalog/management, contracts/agreement management, service request management, order management, pricing, entitlement management, subscription management, metering, rating, billing, accounts payable, accounts receivable, clearing and settlement. -OSS Examples - Service delivery catalog, service automation management, service request management, change & configuration management, image lifecycle management, provisioning, incident & problem management, IT service level management, monitoring & event management, IT asset & license management, capacity & performance management and platform & virtualization management.
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