MESSENGER Texas Press
Texas Press Association • texaspress.com • NOVEMBER 2012 • VOL. 87 NO. 11
Left to right: Rick Farrell, David Valdez, Tom Williams, Tim Waltner, Peggy Morrow and Marshall Ramsey.
Sneak preview of Texas Press Midwinter Conference lineup
The Texas Press Midwinter Conference & Trade Show lineup is almost complete, and boy, have we got a show for you! With sessions on sales, photography, design and technology, there’s sure to be something on the itinerary for everyone. We’re fortunate to have such a terrific group of presenters this year. Let’s take a look at our speakers bureau: Rick Farrell, president of Tangent Knowledge Systems, has nearly 25 years of experience in sales and business development. He’s worked with companies big and small to help identify performance gaps and increase the bottom line.
David Valdez is one of four living former U.S. presidential photographers. He served as the director of The White House Photo Office and personal photographer for former President George H.W. Bush. Tom Williams is a partner at Haynes and Boone LLP with extensive experience in media law matters. He has represented numerous publishing and broadcasting companies in Texas. Tim Waltner is the publisher of the Freeman (S.D.) Courier. He recently received the Eugene Cervi award from The International Society of Weekly Newspaper Editors for a career of outstanding public service through community
journalism. Certified Speaking Professional Peggy Morrow has been helping organizations and businesses improve their customer service for more than 28 years through training. And last but not least, Marshall Ramsey is an editorial cartoonist whose work has appeared in USA Today, Newsweek, The Chicago Tribune and more. This year, the biggest event in the Texas newspaper industry will be held Jan. 17-19, 2013, at The Westin Galleria Houston, in the city’s Uptown District. Don’t miss out! Register now at texaspress.com.
Donnis Baggett joins TPA staff PAGE 5
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messenGer VoL. 87 no. 11 noVemBer 2012
MESSEN ESSENGER NGER Texas shows support for NNA Texas Press
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE Texas Press Association 718 West 5th Street Austin, Texas 78701-2783 (512) 477-6755 phone (512) 477-6759 fax texaspress.com
2012-2013 TPA BOARD OF DIRECTORS OFFICERS
President Russel Skiles, Lamesa Press-Reporter; First Vice President Greg Shrader, Lufkin Daily News; Second Vice President Randy Mankin, Eldorado Success; Treasurer Glenn Rea, Cuero Record; Chairman Chad Ferguson, Banner Press Newspaper
BOARD MEMBERS
Elected: Bill Crist, Snyder Daily News; Sue Brown, Pleasanton Express; Rochelle Stidham, Stephenville Empire-Tribune; Brandi Guy, Thorndale Champion; Brett McCormick, Vernon Daily Record; Chad Engbrock, Wylie News Appointed: Jeff Berger, Hondo Anvil Herald; Mark Henry, Mexia News; Melissa Perner, Ozona Stockman; Ken Esten Cooke, Fredericksburg Standard-Radio Post; Roger Estlack, Clarendon Enterprise; Randy Keck, Community News; Hank Hargrave, Normangee Star Regional Presidents: Susan Reeves, Mount Vernon Optic-Herald, NETPA; Amanda Rogers, The Canyon News, PPA; Jason Jarrett, Westlake Picayune, STPA; Murray Judson, Port Aransas South Jetty, TGCPA; Mark Engebretson, Lake Country Sun, WTPA Regional Vice Presidents: Mark Engebretson, Lake Country Sun, NETPA; Wanda Brooks, Moore County News, PPA; Cyndy Slovak-Barton, Hays Free Press, STPA; Danny Reneau, Silsbee Bee, TGCPA; Lisa Davis, Wise County Messenger, WTPA
MESSENGER STAFF Publisher Micheal Hodges Editor Laura King Advertising Consultant Diane Byram Volume 87 — Issue No. 11 NOVEMBER 2012 Subscription rate $6 per year Single issue 50 cents © Texas Press Messenger, 2012 (ISSN 1521-7523). Published monthly by Texas Press Service, a business affiliate of Texas Press Association. Periodicals postage paid at Austin, Texas, and additional mailing office, USPS 541-440. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Texas Press Messenger, 718 West 5th Street, Austin, Texas 78701-2783. Printed by Hood County News in Granbury, Texas.
It is hard to express just what an honor it is to be representing you, the newspapers of Texas, as president of such a great organization as the Texas Press Association. That honor, as several of my predecessors have noted, particularly strikes home when the TPA president has the privilege of carrying the Texas flag into the room during the opening breakfast at the National Newspaper Association’s annual convention. Making the opportunity even more special for me at the recent NNA convention in Charleston, S.C., was the fact that our own Roy Eaton, a former NNA president from the Wise County Messenger in Decatur, was at the podium calling the roll of states for the flag ceremony. Another NNA past president from Texas, Jerry Tidwell of the Hood County News, led the Texas delegation in giving a rousing welcome as our flag entered the room. That certainly had everyone taking notice that Texas again was well represented at the national convention. Texas normally has one of the largest delegations at the event, and about 20 TPA members and associates made the trip to historic Charleston in early October. TPA Past President Chad Ferguson, the Texas standard-bearer last year, was pressed into duty this year to carry the flag of one of the states that didn’t have any representation at the convention. Making the rounds of the booths at the NNA’s trade show, TPA Advertising Director Dwight McKenzie recruited several to participate in our own trade show during the upcoming Texas Press Midwinter Conference in Houston. Following the Charleston convention, NNA officials announced the organization will be bringing its annual convention to Texas in 2014. A committee of mostly Texans will be formed next year to help organize and host that event at the Grand Hyatt in San Antonio. I hope TPA members across the state will take the opportunity to
attend that convention and get to know a little more about NNA and what it is doing for community newspapers in Texas and across the nation.
Rambling Russel Skiles TPa PresiDenT 2012-2013
TPA and NNA have a long history of working together on items of importance at the national level for both organizations. NNA currently is leading the way for the newspaper industry in dealing with the Postal Service on a number of issues ranging from plans to close mailing facilities to the sweetheart deal postal officials have made with one of our competitors in distributing advertising circulars. TPA also received a bit of additional recognition on the national level recently when Fred Anders, our information technology director, served as an instructor at the Institute of Newspaper Technology hosted by Kevin Slimp in Tennessee. Anders, who provides training to Texas newspapers upon request in his role with TPA, did such a good job in Tennessee that he already has been invited for a return engagement next year. Also on the subject of TPA staffers, it is exciting to have Donnis Baggett stepping into the new position of executive vice president. In that role Baggett will be leading TPA’s lobbying efforts at the state level on a variety of issues ranging from open government to taxes affecting our industry. Baggett, former publisher of the Waco Tribune-Herald, is a natural fit for that position. He not only has worked in Texas newspapers for some 40 years but has filled active roles with the Freedom of
Information Foundation of Texas and the TPA/TDNA Legislative Advisory Committee. Baggett chaired the LAC during two state legislative sessions and served as president of the Texas Daily Newspaper Association in 2004. In making the announcement, Executive Director Mike Hodges said Baggett is equally comfortable whether talking to the speaker of the house or visiting with the publishers of the smallest or largest newspapers in Texas. In fact, Baggett will be visiting many newspapers across the state to help familiarize them with some of the legislative efforts and enlist their support in the open-government battles that newspapers fight on a regular basis. Baggett’s work will supplement and complement that of Laura Prather, who was chosen earlier this year to represent Texas newspapers in a lobbying effort to ensure that public notices continue to be published in newspapers where they can readily be seen by the people they are designed to reach. Anyone wanting to take an active role in the TPA’s legislative work is invited to get involved with the Legislative Advisory Committee. The group, representing newspapers of all sizes across the state, will get organized in early December. Beginning in January, they will be meeting almost every other week through March to keep track of bills that could impact Texas newspapers or the public’s right to know about the workings of its government bodies. If you would like to join that group or get more information, give TPA Member Services Director Ed Sterling a call. He, too, is a key member of the team that keeps watch on our legislators while they are in session. The Texas newspaper industry is facing plenty of challenges but at the same time it is exciting be a part of the organization that is working to help ensure we meet and overcome those obstacles.
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AG opinions: How forceful are they?
CORRECTION/CLARIFICATION: Last month, in response to a hotline question, I wrote that a Texas attorney general opinion “holds the force of law” — a choice of words that might lead to questions in the minds of readers. Tim Burnett, Rockwall County News, noticed what I wrote and forwarded a link to a statement by Attorney General Greg Abbott’s office that appears on a Web page where his weekly columns are posted. Here are two paragraphs from the statement: 1. “Although an Attorney General Opinion is advisory, it carries the weight and force of law unless or until it is modified or overruled by a statute, a judicial decision, or a subsequent Attorney General Opinion. While an Attorney General Opinion is deemed to correctly state the law, ultimate determination of a law’s applicability, meaning or constitutionality is left to the courts.” 2. “Opinions cannot create new law, nor can they change undesirable aspects of a law. Only the state legislature can create or change Texas laws. An Attorney General Opinion does not reflect the Attorney General’s personal opinion or view on a particular matter, nor is it a ‘ruling.’ It is strictly an unbiased interpretation of existing law.” To read the whole statement, go to: http://tinyurl.com/bw6jkja The Texas State Library and Archives Commission, on the other
hand, in a statement posted on March 2, 2011, quotes AG opinion No. 0-7234-A (1946), which says: “The opinions of the Attorney General have not the force of law and are legally binding on no one. They may be highly persuasive to the courts but apparently only in those cases where they coincide with the court’s view of the law.”
TPA Hotline Ed Sterling TPa memBer serVices DirecTor
Furthermore, the commission states, “Attorney General Opinions are not binding on the courts; however, they are persuasive and the courts may give them great weight. Since the Attorney General is constitutionally and statutorily charged with interpretation of the law upon request by certain persons, reasonable reliance upon an Attorney General Opinion would constitute an affirmative defense to criminal prosecution.” The commission also points out that caution is wise because the Legislature may “pass a law which
Leader in selling Texas newspapers Call for a Confidential Discussion and References
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would render a previously issued opinion inoperable; while more recent opinions may overrule part or all of previous opinions. In addition, opinions are responses to specific, factual situations in point of time, which may or may not be the same as those of the reader. An attorney should be contacted if you seek further advice.” Q: A small town in my county wants to establish its very own newspaper. Movers and shakers there asked me to publish a weekly for them and insert it as a separate publication with its own volume and issue number in my main paper, which is the county seat paper. Is it O.K. for me to do that?
A: If you are thinking about mailing to subscribers and/or requestors, please see the U.S. Postal Service Domestic Mail Manual, chapter 707 online by plugging USPS DMM 707 into your web browser or by going to http://pe.usps.com/text/ dmm300/707.htm Scroll down to section 3.4, titled “Impermissible Mailpiece Components.” 3.4.1 General Regardless of preparation or characteristics, the materials described in 3.4.2a through 3.4.2e are not eligible for Periodicals prices. 3.4.2 Prohibited Material Material that contains any one of the following printed items or that is referred to in a component of the Periodicals mailpiece (by the use of one of these items) is ineligible to be mailed at Periodicals prices: a. A separate price or subscription instructions different from those of the host publication. b. The word “catalog.” c. A First-Class Mail, Standard Mail, Parcel Select, or Package Services permit imprint. d. An ISBN (International Standard Book Number). e. An ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) or USPS number different from that of the host publication.
Q: For as long as anyone can remember, our readers have enjoyed the reliability and convenience of finding county election notices on our pages. Now, for the first time in history, the gentleman who is now our county judge says he is thinking about publishing the required notices of election only in the county seat newspaper. My newspaper is not the county seat paper. Tell me this is just a bad dream. A: In this non-lawyer’s reading of the law, it appears that the county judge could choose not to publish the county’s election notices in your newspaper if he causes them to be published in the county seat newspaper. That said, citizens generally find it disorienting, to say the least, when something as important as election notices get moved somewhere else or disappear entirely. The county judge might want to consider that before initiating changes. Now, let’s look at the wording of the relevant part of the law, Election Code § 4.003. METHOD OF GIVING NOTICE. (a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), notice of an election must be given by any one or more of the following methods: (1) by publishing the notice at least once, not earlier than the 30th day or later than the 10th day before election day: (A) in a newspaper published in the territory that is covered by the election and is in the jurisdiction of the authority responsible for giving the notice; or (B) in a newspaper of general circulation in the territory if none is published in the jurisdiction of the authority responsible for giving the notice.
Have a question for Ed? Go online to texaspress.com to find more in this series or contact ed at edsterling@texaspress.com.
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Newsmakers
Patricia Martin Park Cities People
Patricia Martin has returned as publisher of People Newspapers, including Park Cities People, Preston Hollow People and Oak Cliff People. Martin was first named publisher in July 1999 after seven years with the company. She held the position for five years, until Wick Allison, who bought the newspapers in 2003, made her general manager of their parent company, D Magazine Partners. Since 2010 she has worked at a nonprofit and as a consultant. Martin lives in Dallas with her husband, Ian.
Todd Jorgenson The Terrell Tribune
Todd Jorgenson was promoted to managing editor of The Terrell Tribune. Jorgenson joined the Tribune as a sports reporter in September 2011 and later became sports editor. He continues to serve as sports editor in addition to his new role as managing editor. Prior to joining the Tribune, Jorgenson was the sports editor at the Denton Record-Chronicle. He also worked as a staff writer in the sports department at The Dallas Morning News.
Terry Hagerty The Smithville Times
Terry Hagerty was named assistant editor of The Smithville Times. He continues to serve as assistant editor of The Bastrop Advertiser, as well. Hagerty has been with American Community Newspapers LLC, and its parent company, Cox Media Group, for nearly six years. He started as a reporter for The Bastrop Advertiser and was promoted to assistant editor four years ago. Hagerty is a veteran journalist with more than 20 years of experience. He received a journalism degree from the University of Texas at Austin.
Jeff Cohen
Houston Chronicle Jeff Cohen, editor of the Houston Chronicle, has taken a new position as executive editor and executive vice president of the paper. He will be in charge of the Chronicle’s editorial and op-ed pages and report to Publisher Tom Stephenson. Cohen was named the 10th editor of the Chronicle in 2002. He served as editor for 10 years and has worked for the Hearst Corporation for 36 years. The Chronicle has launched a search for a new editor. Managing Editor Steve Proctor will lead the newsroom in the interim.
MESSENGER VOL. 87 NO. 11 NOVEMBER 2012
NNA/INA to host webinar on postal barcodes
Baggett named TPA executive vice president By Laura King Messenger Editor Veteran journalist Donnis Baggett, former publisher of the Waco TribuneHerald, joined the Texas Press Association staff as executive vice president on Oct. 1. He will head up TPA’s lobbying efforts for government transparency at the Capitol and call on newspapers across the state to find out how the association can better serve its membership. “I’ve been involved with newspapers my entire adult life, and I have a deep passion for the First Amendment and for the value of good civic journalism, so to me this is an extension of what I’ve been doing for the past 40 years,” Baggett said. “I’m just doing it from a slightly different angle now. “Rather than being involved with a particular newspaper, I now have the luxury of being involved with virtually every Texas newspaper,” he explained. “That feels really good.” A lifelong Texan, Baggett grew up in Livingston. He received a communications degree with an emphasis in journalism from Stephen F. Austin State University in 1973. After college, he returned home to work for a small weekly paper, the now-defunct East Texas Eye. It was during his time at the Livingston paper that Baggett first got involved with TPA. He attended his first TPA convention in the summer of 1974, when he drove to Arlington to accept the pa-
per’s sweepstakes award at the Texas Better Newspaper Contest awards ceremony. “That was a very big moment and a very fond memory,” he said. “I’ll never forget how proud I was to accept that award on behalf of the paper. So I’ve been involved with TPA for about 38 years, I guess, in one way, shape, form or fashion.” Baggett worked for the Longview News-Journal before joining The Dallas Morning News, where he spent nearly two decades building statewide coverage. He started as a reporter in 1976 and rose through the ranks to become assistant city editor, assistant state editor and state editor. After more than a decade directing the paper’s coverage of state government and other news in Texas and the adjoining states, he was promoted to assistant managing editor and spent the next two years overseeing the Sunday edition of The Dallas Morning News. When the Belo Corp., the parent company of The Morning News, purchased The Bryan-College Station Eagle in 1995, Baggett was appointed publisher and editor. He was named editor-inchief in 2007 and served in that capacity until he became publisher of the Waco Tribune-Herald in 2010. Over the years, Baggett has built a reputation as a staunch advocate of open government. He served on the board of directors for the Freedom of Information Foundation of Texas, as well
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National Newspaper Association
as TPA. He has been an active member of TPA’s Legislative Advisory Committee for more than a decade and chaired the committee for two legislative sessions. “Donnis is just as comfortable sitting across from the speaker of the house as he is from the publisher of the Houston Chronicle or The Eldorado Success,” said Mike Hodges, executive director of TPA. “Best of all, he’s one of us. He speaks the language of the newspaper industry and will be a strong advocate for our issues.” Baggett and his wife, Beverly, have two grown children, David and Valerie. The couple splits their time between their home in Waco and their home on the range, a bison ranch near Bryan. “We take great joy in our bison herd,” Baggett said. “We have about 50 animals. It’s not a big herd, but I guess it’s a big herd by Texas standards because there aren’t many bison herds in Texas.” In his new role with TPA, Baggett will often be on the road, but he said there’s no question in his mind that the most enjoyable aspect of his job will be the opportunity to visit Texas newspapers. “I’ve been on the road a fair amount this week and it has been very interesting,” he said. “I’m seeing a lot of enthusiasm on the part of newspaper publishers about getting involved in TPA and becoming more involved in our legislative efforts … and that’s a lot of fun.”
A new barcode requirement may be coming. The U.S. Postal Service has announced that it will move forward with a final rule requiring community newspapers and many small printers and mailers to implement Full-Service Intelligent Mail Barcode in January 2014, in order to obtain automation prices. The Postal Service is receiving comments until Oct. 16, 2013. The National Newspaper Association, along with the Iowa Newspaper Association, will be examining the final rule proposal and NNA will prepare comments to the Mailing Standards. This ruling could result in higher costs for outside-county mail as newspapers are forced to leave the automated price category. NNA, in partnership with Online Media Campus — brought to you by the Iowa Newspaper Foundation and Southern Newspaper Publishers’ Association — and other state press associations, is providing a webinar so newspapers may learn more about converting to Intelligent Mail Barcode by January 2013, and the difference between IMb and Full-Service IMb — to be implemented by January 2014. The webinar is Friday, Nov. 2 from 1 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. (CDT). The webinars are archived, so if you miss the webinar you can watch a recording at your convenience from your home or office. To register for the webinar go to www.onlinemediacampus. com. The webinar will be presented by Brad Hill, an NNA representative on the USPS Mailer’s Technical Advisory Committee and general manager of Interlink. Hill is a leading expert on IMb.
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MESSENGER VOL. 87 NO. 11 NOVEMBER 2012
Ralph B. Cole (1934 — 2012)
Veteran Texas journalist Ralph Cole died Oct. 11 at the Integrity Transitional Hospital Seasons Hospice Unit in Denton. He was 78. Cole was born July 27, 1934, in Fort Worth. He was a 1951 graduate of Gainesville High School and a 1956 graduate of Texas A&M University. He joined the U.S. Army Airborne in 1957. Cole was editor of The Hondo Anvil Herald from 1956 to 1957 and The Alice News from 1957 to 1959. He was city editor of The COLE Gainesville Daily Register from 1959 to 1961, when he re-entered the U.S. Army as a commanding officer of the Gainesville National Guard Unit. He returned to
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The Gainesville Daily Register in 1961 as city and farm editor. In 1969, he was named an editor with The Associated Press in Oklahoma City, where he covered the Oklahoma House of Representatives. Cole later became publisher of The Sanger Courier and The Pilot Point-Signal for several years before joining the U.S. Postal Service in 1978 as a rural letter carrier. He retired from the Postal Service in 1996 in Sanger. Cole married Carole D. Sluder Gonzilas on Aug. 9, 1993, in Gainesville. Survivors include one daughter, Melissa Henson and husband Edward of Plano; a son, Thomas Edward Cole and wife Tina of Azle; a sister, Eva Lela King, and a brother, James R. Cole of Gainesville; stepsons, Jim-
my Gonzilas and Michael Gonzilas of Gainesville; several nieces and nephews; and grandchildren, Cole, Marshall and Tyler Henson and Annie Cole. He was preceded in death by his parents, James Thomas and Lonnie L. Cole, and wife, Carole D. Cole.
Betty Lou West (1930 — 2012)
Betty Lou West died Oct. 29 following an extended illness. She was 81. West was the wife of longtime newsman Bert West (currently at the Palacios Beacon), mother of Palacios Beacon Publisher Nick West and grandmother of Ryan West of the Palacios Beacon and of
WEST
Mike McCracken, managing editor of the Yoakum News-Herald. A native of New Castle, Ind., West was born Dec. 2, 1930, to the late Rose and Barclay Brown, and had resided in Texas since 1953. She married Bert West on Nov. 13, 1948. In addition to her husband, survivors include daughters Leidon (John) Eames of Daingerfield; Dodi (George) Edinger of Lake St. Louis, Mo.; Debbie ( Tim) Reyna of Daingerfield; and Karen (Mickey) Robey of Cushing; and sons Nick (Mary) West of Palacios; Pat West of Mount Pleasant; and Larry (Missy) West of Yoakum. Other survivors include 17 grandchildren, 22 greatgrandchildren and a large extended family. West was preceded in death by daughter Tina Louise.
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Even more tools in Adobe Creative Suite 6 By Kevin Slimp Institute of Newspaper Technology
One of our instructors backed out of the October session of the Institute of Newspaper Technology, meaning I was left to cover the SLIMP class. The bad side was that I spent over 50 hours learning all the ins and outs of the various applications
that make up Adobe Creative Suite 6. The good side was that I learned the ins and outs of these new versions. In my most recent column, I mentioned a few of my favorite new tools in CS6. Let me share a few more: InDesign Form Creation
Prior to CS6, if I wanted to create an interactive form to email to a group, I’d open up InDesign, design the form, then export the file to Acrobat. In Acrobat, I’d go through the tedious steps to create a form that could be completed online and sent back. InDesign CS6 includes a wonderful tool
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for creating forms entirely in InDesign which can be sent directly back to the creator by clicking on a button. I saw the opportunity to use this feature last month. Someone emailed to see if there was an easy way to find out when Institute attendees were arriving at the Knoxville airport. Within minutes, I had created an interactive form in InDesign, exported it as a PDF file and emailed it to all the attendees. Within minutes, I was getting completed forms back in my email. Seriously, you will find all kinds of uses for form creation.
the ad next to him. That’s exactly what the Content Aware Move Tool does in Photoshop CS6. It picks something up and moves it to another location in the photo. In Photoshop CS5, we were able to use Content Aware to remove something, like a car in front of a house in a real estate ad. In CS6, we can actually move items in a photo. Don’t start an email campaign. I know we won’t use this in news photos. But it holds real promise for ad design.
In-line Graphics in InDesign
Illustrator users will love this. It’s now incredibly easy to create intricate vector patterns, meaning patterns that will print perfectly clear, in just seconds in Illustrator. I needed to design some direction signs for students arriving at the university for classes. In the past, I used a plain black arrow in the sign, but I thought about how fun it would be to fill an arrow with a pattern of the Institute logo instead. Yes, we could create patterns in Photoshop, but a pattern big enough to fill an arrow on one of these signs would be a huge file. So I whisked over to Illustrator, created a pattern using a JPG of our logo and within a minute had arrows filled with Institute logos. It was just the effect I was hoping for. I’m beginning to like Creative Suite 6 more and more as I use it. For more information concerning CS6 or to download a free demo visit adobe.com.
Suppose you are creating a full-page ad featuring text about a local college. Wouldn’t it be nice if, instead of the college name, you could include the college logo within the text in place of the name? We’ve always had “anchored” graphics, photos and artwork that traveled with the text, usually below a paragraph. In-line graphics become a part of the text, meaning they can be placed within a line of text. I’m not sure how often you will use in-line text in your newspaper, but it’s one of those features that holds real potential. Photoshop’s Content Aware Move Tool
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In one example, I had a photo of a fisherman standing in the middle of a creek. Let’s say I like the fisherman and the creek, but I wish he was over to the side so I could place words in
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Out and About with Texas Press
The Texas delegation meets for dinner during the National Newspaper Association 126th Annual Convention & Trade Show in Charleston, S.C., in October. NNA speaker Judy Muller (pictured on right, center) joined in the fun.
TPA Information Technology Director Fred Anders teaches a class at the Institute of Newspaper Technology in Knoxville, Tenn., in October. Photo by Robyn Gentile for the Tennessee Press Association.
Veterans Day, Flag features available for NIE Honoring Our Veterans
On the 11th hour, of the 11th day, of the 11th month in 1918, an armistice, or agreement to stop fighting, was reached between the Allied nations and Germany in World War I.
One year later, President Woodrow Wilson declared that Nov. 11, 1919 was a day to remember Americans for their military service in World War I. He called it Armistice Day. He suggested that Americans celebrate with parades and perhaps a “brief suspension of business” around 11 a.m. President Wilson also hoped it would be a time when Americans offered prayers of thanksgiving for those who had served and for peace for all times.
H President Wilson originally intended Armistice Day to be observed one time, but many states decided to observe it every year to honor World War I veterans.
H Congress followed the states’ lead and in 1938 declared that every November 11 would be observed as Armistice Day.
H Congress changed the name to Veterans Day in 1954 to honor veterans of all wars.
H For a brief time, 19711974, Veterans Day was observed on the 4th Monday in October. Since 1975, Veterans Day is always observed on Nov. 11.
H If Nov. 11 falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the federal government observes the holiday on the previous Friday or following Monday, respectively.
H Nov. 11, 1921, when the first of the unknown soldiers was buried in Arlington National Cemetery, unidentified soldiers also were laid to rest at Westminster Abbey in London and at the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.
H Memorial Day, the fourth Monday
H Veterans Day pays tribute to all American veterans, living or dead, but especially gives thanks to living veterans who served their country honorably during war or peacetime.
H States designate their own holidays, so there are no official U.S. national holidays. The government can only designate holidays for federal employees and for the District of Columbia. But states almost always follow the federal lead.
in May, honors American service members who died in service to their country.
Missouri Press Timeline for Veterans DayAssociation Observance Activities Nov. 11, 1918
The fighting in World War I ended. (The Treaty of Versailles formally ended the war on June 28, 1919)
1. Write to local citizens who are
serving in the military and to the newspaper publicly thanking those in military service.
Veterans Day is Nov. 11 and will be 2. commemorated on Monday, Nov. 12 this year. Missouri Press has created 3. a feature on the history of Veterans Day, including a timeline of how the commemoration moved from a onetime Armistice Day remembrance in 1919 to an annual holiday recognized across our nation. In 2011, Missouri Press produced a feature on flag etiquette and released it for Veterans Day. More than 250 newspapers nationwide downloaded November 1919
Nov. 11, 1921
Honoring Our Flag
President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed that Nov. 11, 1919, would be observed as Armistice Day—a day to honor the veterans of World War I.
The first of the unknown soldiers, a veteran of World War I, was buried in Arlington Cemetery in Virginia in what has become known as the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. On the same day, unidentified soldiers were laid to rest at Westminster Abbey in London and at the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.
June 4, 1926
Twenty-seven states had made Armistice Day a holiday so Congress declared it to be a recurring day of remembrance.
May 13, 1938
Congress makes Armistice Day a national holiday.
June 28, 1968
Congress changed Veterans Day to the fourth Monday in October.
Sept. 20, 1975
President Gerald Ford changed Veterans Day back to Nov. 11.
Learn more about The Tomb of the Unknowns at www.arlington cemetery.mil/visitorinformation/ TombofUnknowns.aspx
Research the Uniform Holiday Bill. Why were people unhappy with this bill? Missouri GLE: SS3—A1, C, CA2, 1.6 (Grades K-8) Missouri CLE: SS 2 C, CA, 3, 1.6 (Grades 9-12)
Produced by the Missouri Bar, Missouri Press Foundation and your newspaper. ©2012
On June 14, 1 1923 1923 the National Flag Code was adopted at the National Flag Conference.
The meeting was held in Washington D.C. to establish procedures for displaying the United States Flag. The code was based on Army and Navy practices. In 1942, Congress passed a joint resolution to make the Flag Code a law. Today, we celebrate June 14 as Flag Day.
with penalties that prohibit desecration of the flag or its use for advertising or publicity.
H The U.S. Flag should not be allowed
Flag Etiquette
H It is acceptable to wash or dry clean a
H
to touch the ground, but if it does, you are not required to destroy it as long as it is still suitable for display. U.S. Flag to keep it in good shape.
The U.S. Flag should be sun displayed from sunrise to sunset, unless it is well lit during the darkness.
H Only all-weather U.S. Flags made of
be placed above other flags and penpen nants. There is one exception during a special Navy ceremony at sea.
ing. Many American Legion posts have special ceremonies on Flag Day, June 14. You may have your own ceremony to discreetly burn worn out flags.
non-absorbent material should be displayed during bad weather.
When a U.S. Flag has served its life, it H The U.S. Flag should always H should be destroyed, preferably by burn-
H On a stage, the U.S. Flag should always be placed behind the speaker and to his/her right.
H When hanging the U.S. Flag vertically
H Never use a U.S. Flag to cover a statue or monument or drape the flag over the hood, top, sides or back of a vehicle, train or boat.
or horizontally from a wall or window, the canton, or union, should be at the top right of the flag. When you face the flag, it should be on your left.
H The U.S. Flag should not be used as
H On Memorial Day, the U.S. Flag is
H Every schoolhouse should display the
flown at half staff until noon, and then raised until sunset.
Although it is a law, there are no penalThe President of the United States, ties and the Flag Code is a voluntary guide governors and limited other government for showing respect to the U.S. Flag. officials may direct the U.S. Flag to be Forty-seven states have their own laws flown at half staff.
H
wearing apparel, including costumes or athletic uniforms, bedding or drapery. U.S. Flag during school days.
H The U.S. Flag should never be used for advertising purposes.
FlagFlag Terminology the Etiquette feature. This feature is still available as well.Activities 1. Both the Flag Etiquette feature and the new Veterans Day2. feature were created in partnership with The Missouri Bar association. Learn More Newspapers may download the features at www.mo-nie.com. For the Veterans Day feature use download code: veterans. For the Flag Etiquette feature, use the download code: us flag. For more information, contact Dawn Kitchell at dawn.kitchell@ gmail.com or (636) 932-4301. Finial a decorative ornament on top of a flagpole or staff.
Hoist the edge of a flag nearest the flagpole. Also refers to the vertical width of a flag. Halyard rope or cable used to raise and lower a flag on a flagpole.
Look through your newspaper for pictures and stories of holidays, events and deaths where the U.S. Flag will be displayed.
Fly the horizontal length, or width of a flag.
Canton top inner corner of a flag. On the U.S. Flag, this is also called the “Union.”
Field the section of the flag between the hoist and the fly, not including the canton.
Half Staff the position of the flag when it is one half the distance between the top and bottom of the staff or flagpole. This is done to mourn the death of an individual.
Produced by The Missouri Bar, Missouri Press Foundation, and your newspaper
Vexillology the study of flags.
Fly end the part of the flag that flaps in the wind and often becomes frayed.
Write an editorial giving your opinion on this topic: Should there be a Constitutional amendment making it illegal to burn our flag in protest or is burning the flag an expression that is part of our Freedom of Speech?
Research the Tripp Flag online to learn about the story behind this famous painting. Missouri GLE: Social Studies 1D