1. AFRICA GENERAL DATA
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It is the third largest continent. It is surrounded by : The Atlantic Ocean (to the West) The Indian Ocean (to the East) It is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea RELIEF AND WATER
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RELIEF: Africa is mainly flat Its average altitude is high because of its plateaus and highland regions. Landforms relief: 1. PLATEAUS: - Cover much of the continent - Altitudes of 600- 2,600 metres. 2. HIGHLAND REGIONS: - are ancient mountains - Examples: - The Ethiopian Highlands - The Ahaggar Mountains - The Tibesti Mountains 3. THE RIFT VALLEY: - It is located in the East - It is a long valley wih lakes was formed by a fault. - It is surrounded by mountains, inluding the volcano Mount Kilimanjaro. 4. MOUNTAIN RANGES: - They are young mountains and there are few in Africa - Examples: - Atlas Mountains (north-west) - Drakensberg Mountains (south east) 5. BASINS: - Are low inland regions ocuppied by lakes (L. Chad) or rivers (The Congo R. , The Nile R.) WATER: - African rivers flow into : - Atlantic Ocean - Indian Ocean - Mediterranean Sea
1. AFRICA CLIMATE -
Most of Africa is in the tropical zone I t is the hottest continent Climates: -
Equatorial and tropical near the Equator Dry tropical climate at higher altitudes (less rain falls) and savannah plains are found. Hot desert climates are in both Northen and Southern Africa. Temperate climae are found in both far North and far South of the continent.