4. BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE WHAT WAS THE BAROQUE STYLE? - Baroque became the main artistic style in Europe during the 17 th century and the early 18 th centuries. - It was a dramaticand ornamental style. - It was used as a visual propaganda for religious and political purposes: 1.
In the spirit of the Counter – Reformation: - The Catholic Church used religious art to demonstrate the spiritual grandeur of Christianity against the austere simplicity of Protestantism. - Especially in Catholic countries like Italy. 2. Baroque style spread beyond Catholic countries: - This style influenced non-religious art and architecture. - In politics, Baroque architecture was a way of demostrating the power of monarchs. - Impressive palaces were built with royal patronage.
4. BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE -
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BAROQUE ARCHITCTURE The façades were highly decorated and curving forms created an impression of dynamism. Spiral Solomonic columns produced the same effect. Some buildings had a complex geometry that used both convex and concave forms. The Baroque style was created in Rome : - Here, the Popes commissioned building projects for churches, palaces and squares. - Bernini and Borromini were outstanding architects.
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In France: - The style was not as extravagant as in Italy. - King Louis XIV’s palace at Versailles showed the royal patronage.
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In England: - The style was more classical and restrained than in Italy. - An example, Saint Paul’s Cathedral in London.
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In Spain: - Churrigueresque architecture has highly ornamental surface decoration. - Min squares, or plazas mayores, were designed for Madrid and Salamanca.
4. BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE
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BAROQUE SCULPTURE Baroque sculpture represent highly dramatic scenes. It was dynamic, showing figures in movement. Sculptors found ways to make scenes more theatrical, creating shadows from the folds of a figure’s clothing. Bronze and marble were used. Spanish religious sculptures were often made of polychrome wood.
4. BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE BAROQUE SCULPTURE IN EUROPE -
In Italy: - The greatest Baroque sculptor was Bernini in Rome - He created expressive works of art. - His Ecstasy of Saint teresa is a highly emotionalrepresentation of mysticism.
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In Spain: - There was a tradition of wooden religious sculptures. - Altarpieces were made for churches. - Images were created for religious processions.
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In France: - Classical scenes were represented - Example: Grardon’s Apollo and the Nymphs.
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In Germany: - Sculptors maintained the Renaissance tradition of portraying leading figures. - Example:Sclhüter ‘s Equestrian Statue of the Great Elector.