1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN SPAIN DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF SPAIN 1.
There have been three stages in the demographic history of Spain. During the Middle Ages: - The population of Spain grew very slowly - The birth rate was high - The mortality rate was also high because many people suffered from illnesses and had a poor diet. 2. In Early Modern Times: - There were periods of both growth and stagnation (estancamiento). - Demographic growth in the 16 th century - This was interupted in the 17 th century by plagues and war. - Population increased in the 18 th century. 3. In 20 th century: - The demographic transition took place. - This process takes place when a country develops economically - The mortality rate fall - The birth rate fall - In other european counries the demographic transition began in the 19 th century, but it was in Spain in 20 th century.
1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN SPAIN POPULATION CHANGE IN THE 20 TH CENTURY 1. The first half of the 20 th century (1900- 1950): - The birth rate was higher than the mortality rate. - Some events slowed down the population growth: - The impact of the great epidemic flu of 1918 (Gripe española). - The Civil War (1936- 1939) - the years of hardship following the Civil War (post –war poverty) 2. From 1950 to 1975: - The birth rate was high - The mortality rate fell. - During this period there was a massive rural exodus from the countryside to the cities.
1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN SPAIN RECENT POPULATION CHANGE -After 1975 population growth slowed down (se desaceler贸)in Spain: -
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In the early 21 st century: -
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This was the result of the social and economic modernisation. Women had jobs, which led to a decline in the fertility rate and the birth rate. Another factor was the improvement in health care, which led to an ageing of the population.
Demographic growth recovered slightly as a result of an increase in immigrtation.
Today, Spain is one of the oldest populations in the world, but its age structure is diffeent depends on the region: 1. Small rural municipalities (in the north) : - They have ageing populations. - This is a result of the internal migration. 2. Urban areas: - They have increasingly young populations. - Young immigrants have tended to settle in cities.