2. NATURAL LANDSCAPES IN COLD CLIMATES 1. -
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Near the polar circles there are two types of landscapes: Arctic tundra and the perpetual ice of the polar regions. THE TUNDRA It is a vast area of low lanad near the Arctic Ocean, in he Northern Hemisphere. Vegetation: -In the topsoil grow:- Moss - Lichen - small shrubs - The frozen subsoil (or permafrost) doesn’t alllow trees to grow there. Fauna: - During the summer there are migrating birds that eat insects in lakes and marshes. - Other animals: (reindeer, moose, Arctic foxes, Arctic hares) The tundra is in danger because of the global warming: as temperatures rise, permafrost melts and then releases methane gas from frozen deposits deep underground. Methane gas causes greenhouse effect.
2. PERPETUAL ICE: It is found in polar regions. The ground is frozn all year round, because of this, there isn’t vegentation. Fauna: - few species of animals can adapt to the cold and lack of vegetation (seals and polar bears)