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Sing it loud
A variety of choirs cater to a variety of musical tastes.
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Exploration
New BSU professor explores volcanos and lives to tell about it.
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Men of Iron
ROBBY MILO/THE ARBITER
Beat Coach Pete Chris Petersen high fives finishers at the Beat Pete race April 9, 2011. Beat Pete is an annual tradition to raise money for scholarships.
Mallory Barker Journalist
The Beat Coach Pete race is a great opportunity for students and supporters of Boise State to help f u n d scholarships.
Boise State students prepare for Ironman 70.3 Boise.
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The race will start Saturday at 9 a.m., beginning on campus, running along the Greenbelt and ending in Bronco Stadium. All proceeds will go directly to the general scholarship fund. Additionally, Coach Pete promises to donate $5 to the fund for every racer who for beats him.
Registration Beat Pete is available online, at the Rec Center and on site the morning of the race.
To date, the Beat Coach Pete race has donated $98,000 to the scholarship fund. Last year 1,425 people participated in the event with 564 runners beating Pete across the finish line at Bronco Stadium. “I just think we got so many good people in this town, that’s what makes it special to be here,” Head Football
Contact:
426-1131 for more information
Coach Chris Petersen said. “I think everybody gets it and gets the importance of this cause.” The first 3,000 contestants will be given a free T-shirt on the day of the race. All racers are invited to a party in Bronco Stadium directly after the race. The race takes place on the same day as the Bronco
$20 for Boise State students and children 10 and under
Football Spring Game. The Spring Game is scheduled to begin at 5 p.m. in Bronco Stadium. All race participants will receive free admission to the Spring Game by showing their race bib or number. Free parking will be available to participants on the morning of the race in Lincoln Garage, Manitou surface lot and the East Stadium lot.
$80 for families up to 5 people $30 for other registrants
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Beat Coach Pete in style
2 3 8 9
There are many reasons to participate in the Beat Pete fundraiser run: enjoying the Greenbelt with friends, family, Coach Pete and athletes, getting in some cardio running a 5k (3.1 miles) and being a part of the festivities while patrons cheer you on. But this run isn’t just a race to the finish line, it’s a costume fashion show down the Greenbelt runway. Dress to the workout nines or go the character route and bring back Halloween for the day. If you are on the fence about dressing up, disguise yourself as your favorite athlete. This costume will easily fit in with everyone else’s workout attire but will also give you a unique look. Superheroes are the most popular costumes at the Beat Pete run every year. Dress up as your favorite superhero or gather a group of friends and dress up as a group of superheroes such as Justice League, Watchmen or the All Star Squadron and create the dream team to beat Coach Pete.
Other group themes for friends running as a team are movie characters, favorite fruits, Angry Birds, Spartans from 300 or KISS. Your group is sure to get attention and look better as a team when you beat Pete. If you would like to dress up as something simple and make most of the costume yourself, you’re not out of luck. Stop by the mall and pick up a few costume essentials and make the rest for a personal yet creative costume. Some easy D.I.Y. costume ideas are: fairies, zombies, ninjas and animals. When all else fails, or if none of that sounds appealing, deck yourself out in Bronco gear and get your blue and orange on. What better way to be seen in this race than in full Bronco spirit? Unleash your Boise State pride by dressing up in your best spirit attire and add face paint or crazy hair-dos for a look that will set you apart. Beat Coach Pete this year in style with your creative costume. Even if you’re not in it to beat Pete, race to sport your new style invention!
FAN hosts Pride Day Cheyenne Perry Journalist
ROBBY MILO/THE ARBITER
A favorite costume from 2011 Beat Pete was a panting cigarette, but costumes of all kinds are encouraged.
Don’t want to wear a costume to Beat Pete? Wear a Bronco pride shirt instead. Broncos have an opportunity to show off their school pride on Friday at Boise State’s School Pride Day. Hosted by the Bronco FAN Club—a part of the Future Alumni Network— this annual event will take place on the patio of the Student Union Building (SUB) from 2 to 6 p.m. School Pride Day is used to encourage students to wear school colors every Friday to raise school spirit. Students wearing blue and orange at the event will receive free pizza, desserts and soda and have opportunities to receive free beads and water bottles. Two local bands will play live and the Harvey Neef Maneline Dance team will perform. Other activities include a dunk tank, sumo suits and a Twinkie shoot. A competition will also be held for the best costume based on one of Tim Burton’s characters. Individuals participating in this costume contest will be judged at 4 p.m. Free FAN Friday T-shirts will be given out to students who bring an old Boise State T-shirt to exchange, and to students who liked the Bronco Spirit Pride Day post on the Boise State FAN Club’s Facebook page. This event is the “Biggest Bronco FAN Friday of the spring” according to the club’s Facebook page. More event details can be found on Facebook under the Boise State School Pride Day event. arbiteronline.com
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Sports
April 12, 2012
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Boise State’s next top QB John Garretson Online Sports Editor
As we head into the annual Blue and Orange spring game this upcoming Saturday, there will be many inquiries about this new-look Boise State squad as they recuperate from the loss of their 50-win senior class. Questions such as: how will Robert Prince look as the new offensive coordinator, who will the gaping holes in the defensive front, but the most obvious one: who will replace Kellen Moore, the winningest quarterback in college football history? No doubt it’s a four ring chaotic circus, hence why media personnel are cutoff from talking to the candidates and Coach Pete pulls his classic move of announcing the winner sometime in April. But this scrimmage allows us to speculate and actually witness these four quarterbacks take snaps under center, coming out from under the No. 11 shadow. First up on the candidacy list is redshirt junior Joe Southwick, the incumbent in the backup quarterback department. Southwick has seen the most action on the field out of the four, throwing in eight games last season, going 23-30
with a touchdown and an interception. Granted, he would enter once Kellen & Co. had garnered a +20 point lead, but still looked relatively coherent with the second team. The thing to like about Southwick is his knowledge on the Broncos’ offense and experience, something Coach Pete crucially needs with a new offensive coordinator. However, Southwick has tendencies to be impatient with his throws and quite frankly, throw some lousy interceptions. Next up is redshirt sophomore Grant Hedrick, whom the Broncos utilized in option packages and running schemes last year. The best part was “Operation Hedrick” which worked well in those instances: rushing eight times for 70 yards and a score. Hedrick has the legs, a bit of experience, but the one thing that lays ominous is his throwing ability. He only attempted three passes all season, yet he was third on the depth chart. Our third candidate, Jimmy Laughrea, is coming off a redshirt season in which he was named Offensive Scout of the Year. The tallest out of the four candidates at 6’2”, Laughrea almost fell off the radar a bit while on the sidelines. His se-
nior year stats at Rocklin High in Rocklin, Calif. aren’t too shabby: throwing more than 2,500 yards with 22 touchdowns and a 60 percent completion rate. Again, this a quarterback that we haven’t seen throw in an actual collegiate setting, but he could very well be the dark horse candidate in this battle. Last is the newest Bronco addition, true freshman Nick Patti out of Dr. Phillips High in Orlando, Fla. While being the youngest and shortest (5’11”) quarterback, Patti is also the most decorated out of the bunch. Patti participated in the Semper Fidelis All-American Bowl in Phoenix, Elite 11 camp, and was a finalist for Gatorade National Player of the Year AND Mr. Football in Florida. Let me set this straight: Kellen Moore is a once-in-alifetime kind of player for a school, especially for a program like Boise State’s. Patti will be the closest thing we see to No. 11, given the time for him to adjust. My prediction: Southwick will come out as the starter, but I’d like to see Hedrick or Laughrea under center. And Patti will lead the Broncos in their first year in the Big East next season.
ROBBY MILO/THE ARBITER
Freshman quarterback Nick Patti throws a pass during the Broncos’ spring drills.
Broncos’ struggles continue Scott Thorton Arbiter Staff
The Boise State men’s golf team travelled to the Grand Canyon State for the Cowboy Classic looking to improve on the season as it gets closer to the conference tournament. If you struggle to control your asthma, even with medication, you may want to learn about the FLUTE clinical trial. If you struggle to control your Local doctors are conducting the FLUTE clinical asthma, even with medication, trial to evaluate an investigational inhaled you may want to learn about corticosteroid drug and device combination the FLUTE clinical trial. Inhaler. called Fp Dry Powder
The first two rounds took place on Monday and the final round on Tuesday. The highlight for the Broncos would be junior Taeksoo Kim, who shot a career low 66(-4) in the second round. Combined with his first round 71(+1), Kim finished the day in 14th of the 122-person field. Another highlight on day one was senior Scott Spiewak who shot a 3-under 67 in round one and entered day two in a tie for 20th. As a team, the Broncos
were tied with Arizona State for 12th in a field of 23 teams. They ended the day with 562(+2) after the first two rounds. The second day of competition proved to be a lot tougher for the team as it dropped to 18th in the 23team field. Kim shot a 73(+3) to end the tournament with a score of 210(E) for the tournament, giving him a 28th place finish. Spiewak took a share of 38th with a score of 211(+1) for the tournament.
As a team, they had a score of 858(+18). Finishing up the scoring for the Broncos were freshman Jon VanDyk (216; +6), junior Clayton Kosanovich (223; +13) and junior Charlie Marusiak (224; +14). The team has one more tournament before the Mountain West Championships. They will compete in the Cougar Classic in Provo on April 27 and 28. The conference championships will be May 4 through 6.
Local doctors are conducting the FLUTE clinical If you are experiencing persistent, uncontrolled trial to evaluate an investigational inhaled asthma despite the use of non-corticosteroid corticosteroid drug and device combination therapy, we hope that you will consider called Fp Dry Powder Inhaler. participating in this clinical trial. If you are experiencing uncontrolled To pre-qualify forpersistent, this clinical trial, you or asthmayour despite use of non-corticosteroid childthe must: therapy, we hope that you will consider Be at least 12clinical years of age (or age 18 in participating in this trial. countries that permit enrollment of adults only) To pre-qualify this clinical trial,of you or Have afor medical diagnosis asthma your child Bemust: on a short-acting B2-agonist or noncorticosteroid for at least three Be at least 12 years of agemedication (or age 18 in months prior toenrollment this clinicaloftrial countries that permit adults only) havediagnosis used an inhaled corticosteroid for at Have aNot medical of asthma least six weeks prior toorthis clinical trial Be a short-acting B2-agonist
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noncorticosteroid medication for at least three Qualified will receive clinical months prior toparticipants this clinical trial trial-related medicalcorticosteroid evaluations and Not have used an inhaled for atclinical trialweeks medication noclinical cost. In addition, least six prior toat this trial
reimbursement for travel may also be provided. Qualified participants will receive clinical Study Information by PPD, Inc. 0408111200 110716 An asthma clinical trial-related medical evaluations and clinical trial evaluating Fp Dry Powder Inhale r trial medication at no cost. In addition, learn more, please contact: To learn more, please contact: Boise Valley Asthma Allergy Clinic reimbursement for traveland may also be provided. <<Clinic Name>>
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photo courtesy Boise State media relations
Taeksoo Kim, the top Bronco golfer this past weekend, lines up a putt.
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April 12, 2012
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How to beat Coach Pete The fifth annual Beat Coach Pete race will be happening this Saturday at 9:30 a.m.
If History Repeats
Wyatt Martin Sports Editor
The Route
Typically about a third of the race’s runners are able to accomplish the feat of beating Pete. In 2008 and 2009, exactly 322 people finished ahead of the ball coach (each year). In 2010 and 2011 the numbers of racers increased to more than 500. And with the expectations of this year’s turnout, don’t be surprised to see that number rise to more than 600.
The 5k (3.1 mile) race will begin in front of the Rec Center heading west. The first leg of the race consists of making it down University Drive, then taking a left and heading north on Theatre Lane (in between the Special Events Center and Liberal Arts Building).
If you want to be a part of the fun and the action, register now. Because once the race cards sell out, registration ends.
The next leg will take racers west along the south side of the river on the Greenbelt, crossing under Capital and 9th and crossing over on the bridge next to the Ann Morison raft pullout. Racers will then head back east along the north side of the river, crossing back over on the Friendship Bridge.
Coach Pete closes in on the finish line with a fellow racer.
The final leg will take racers along the Greenbelt behind the Taylor, Morrison and Chaffee halls; wrap around the Caven-Williams Sports Complex and finish inside Bronco Stadium.
ROBBY MILO/THE ARBITER
The Plan Though the 47-year-old Petersen is beginning to have a few more grey hairs, if you expect to beat Coach Pete you’d better be ready. Coach Pete typically runs the 5k race in the 26 to 28 minute range. This essentially equates to running three nineminute miles. Some runners prefer to get out to a big start and try to keep a lead on Pete throughout, others prefer “peak and sneak” strategy of staying close behind and overtaking the Coach near the finish line. Whatever your plan of attack may be, you will need some endurance to earn the famous “I Beat Pete” T-shirt. Bryan Talbot/THE ARBITER
Week ahead in sports Friday
Track and Field- Utah Spring Classic Salt Lake City, Utah Softball vs. UNLV Mt. Cove Softball Field 3:00 pm Men’s Tennis @ TCU Fort Worth, Texas
Saturday
Track and Field UTEP Invitational El Paso, Texas Track and Field Eastern Oregon Invite LaGrande, Oregon Women’s Tennis vs. Air Force Appleton Tennis Center 10:00 am Softball vs. UNLV Mt. Cove Softball 1:00 pm Football 2012 Blue & Orange Spring Game Bronco Stadium 5:00 pm
Sunday
Men’s Tennis @ New Mexico Albuquerque Softball vs. UNLV Mt. Cove Softball Field 1:00 pm
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Santorum drops from presidential race Chinese politician’s wife suspect in death WASHINGTON, Republican presi- this presidential race D.C.—Former Sen. dential primary sea- is over for me and of British national Rick Santorum, who son with Romney we will suspend our CHENGDU, CHINA—In a stunning twist to one of China’s biggest scandals in decades, state media confirmed Tuesday Bo Xilai, once seen as a rising political star, has been suspended from his seat on the nation’s politburo and his wife is a suspect in the killing of a British businessman. State-owned news agency Xinhua said Bo’s wife, Gu Kailai, and a household staff member are “highly suspected” of involvement in the killing of Neil Heywood, who was found dead in the sprawling city of Chongqing last November. The two have been “transferred to judicial authorities on suspected crime of intentional homicide,” Xinhua reported. The chain of events, which has been unusually public in a nation known for keeping a tight lid on political intrigue, is now certain to have ended Bo’s public career. Until recently, Bo was widely considered a leading candidate for one of nine slots on the politburo standing com-
E ditor - in -C hief
mittee, the core of power in the world’s second-largest economy. Xinhua’s report confirmed at least some of the speculation that had been swirling around Bo since his removal on March 15 from the position of Chongqing’s Chinese Communist Party secretary. That seemingly abrupt move came after Chongqing’s former police chief, a man named Wang Lijun, made an unsanctioned trip to the U.S. consulate on Feb. 6 and reportedly sought asylum. There have been allegations Wang and Bo had a falling out after Wang mentioned to the press that Heywood might have been poisoned by Bo’s wife. The details of Heywood’s death aren’t publicly known and the exact nature of Heywood’s relationship with the Bo family remains vague. He’s thought to have met the Bo family when Bo was the mayor of the city of Dalian, a post he held from 1993 to 2000, and acted as a go-between on business deals in the following years.
shocked the political world by emerging from the back of the Republican presidential pack to pose a formidable challenge to former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, suspended his campaign on Tuesday. Santorum’s announcement in Gettysburg, Pa., effectively ends the
Local
NAMPA—A slow gas leak ended the school day early for about 550 kids at Franklin D. Roosevelt Elementary School in Nampa on Monday. A teacher smelled natural gas, said Nampa School District spokeswoman Allison Westfall. School administrators evacuated the children to a nearby church on Roosevelt Avenue. By 4 p.m., most of the children were gone, Westfall said. Crews identified a slow gas leak at the school and are already working to repair it, so school will be restarting soon.
Wyatt Martin sports@ arbiteronline.com
Ap ri l 22 Registration 9 am
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he is a minor, found dozens of bags of heroin in his coat one day and decided to show his friends his newfound wares. Teachers noted the kindergartener waving around $500 street-value’s worth of heroin and quickly confiscated it, calling the police to dispose of the merchandise. According to the Bridgeport School District’s superindentent, Paul Vallas, the most likely scenario is that the boy took his stepfather’s coat to school without realizing what was stashed in it. The police were called after the teachers confiscated the stash and they took the drugs as evidence, but the jacket was left behind to see who would collect it. His stepfather, Santos Ramon, took the jacket only to return to the school after he realized the drugs were missing. He was then arrested on charges of risk to a minor and drug-related crimes. The boy was released into his grandmother’s custody, though his mother did come to school to pick him up that day. Ramon is on $100,000 bail and it is unknown when he is scheduled to appear in court according to The Associated Press.
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campaign today, we are not done fighting,” Santorum said to the crowd. Romney issued a statement: “Senator Santorum is an able and worthy competitor and I congratulate him on the campaign he ran. He has proven himself to be an important voice in our party and in the nation.”
School is Show-and-tell, the perfect evacuated chance for free heroin ads CONN.—A 5-year-old for gas leak boy,BRIDGEPORT, whose name has not been released as
Rebecca De León
Tasha Adams news@ arbiteronline.com
holding a sizable lead in delegates over Santorum, a former two-term Pennsylvania senator, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, and Rep. Ron Paul. “We made a decision to get into this race at our kitchen table against all the odds, and we made a decision over the weekend that, while
Email Matthew Summers at BSUEnt@gmail.com
Health Education & Promotion Majors! Your opportunity to make a difference is now! Contact Ashley Grigsby
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2-Man Beginners $30 per team Semi-Auto - No Pods
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WIN up to $200!! At the Lambda Alpha Epsilon (LAE) Video Game Tournament
Saturday, April 14, 2012 In the Farnsworth Room in the SUB $10 Registration Fee and WIN up to $200!!
FOR RELEASE APRIL 12, 2012
Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis
ACROSS 1 Loathe 6 Poke into 11 “Blue Hawaii” prop 14 Rear 15 Houston hockey team 16 Frat letters 17 *Place for afterdinner courses 19 Banned pesticide 20 Magic show reaction 21 Lots 22 “Omertà” author 23 Mystery writer John Dickson __ 25 *Repress 27 Double-__: puzzle type 30 German pronoun 31 When many Lyon Lions are born 32 Brownish purple 35 Certain commuter’s aid 39 Utter 40 See 33-Down, and word that can precede the end of the answers to starred clues 42 Grinder 43 Uncredited actor 45 Yani Tseng’s org. 46 Home of Miami University 47 Neighbor of Leb. 49 Neverending 51 *Skating exhibitions 56 Fertile Crescent land 57 Musty 58 Butter sources 60 American rival: Abbr. 63 “__ Fine Day”: 1963 hit 64 *Delta’s aptly named monthly 66 Fly the coop 67 Stud 68 Assays 69 Like some looks 70 Put up 71 Sorority letters DOWN 1 River of Tuscany
By Bill Thompson
2 “Joanie Loves Chachi” co-star 3 Hearer of final appeals 4 __Kosh B’Gosh 5 Comeback 6 Go to and fro 7 Post-op program 8 Maine campus town 9 Promotes 10 Immigrant’s subj. 11 Excessive 12 Invasive Japanese vine 13 Prevent legally 18 What ad libbers ignore 22 Overabundance 24 Star 26 “My country, __ ...” 27 Horn, for one 28 Gravy thickener 29 Ringlet 33 With “and” and 40-Across, emissionsreducing method whose first word (this answer) can follow the start of the answers to starred clues
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BY LINDA C. BLACK Tribune Media Service
Today’s Birthday (04/12/12) Your career booms over the first half of this year. Store some for later, despite all those temptations to spend. New renovation, upheaval and regeneration calls for new thinking. To get the advantage, check the day’s rating: 10 is the easiest day, 0 the most challenging.
Aries (March 21-April 19) Today is an 8 -- A distant development is in your favor. Gain more than anticipated, and pay back a debt. Buy something that makes your work easier.
Taurus (April 20-May 20) Today is an 8 -- All the pieces are coming together for romance. Discover hidden resources when planning a project. Creativity blossoms for olde tasks.
Gemini (May 21-June 21) Today is a 7 -- Let someone else stir up trouble. Notice automatic reactions, and keep quiet. What are you really committed to? Remember home, family, friends and love. Grow them all.
Cancer (June 22-July 22)
Leo (July 23-Aug. 22)
O pinion E ditors
Today is a 9 -- An amazing breakthrough in love develops spontaneously. And there’s more money coming in! Count your lucky stars, and drink it in deeply. Journal to remember it later.
Eva Hart Tony Madonna letters@ arbiteronline.com
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The Funnies
Adventures of a crazy sports fan/Alyssa Cumpton
O nline T eam
Jessica Swider Troy Hatfield onlineeditor@ arbiteronline.com
4/12/12
Monday’s Puzzle Solved Wednesday’s Puzzle Solved
(c)2012 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
34 Sidle 36 Burger follower 37 “Nessun dorma,” e.g. 38 Combine, as assets 41 Using (up) 44 Fireplace powder 48 Chair on a porch 50 Fake 51 Fan club focuses
4/12/12
52 Towpath locale 53 She’s not for you 54 “What did I do to deserve this?” 55 “Poison” plant 59 Harangue 61 Architectural pier 62 More, to a minimalist 64 Elle, across the Atlantic 65 Bit of a snore?
The Future
Today is an 8 -- Surprises at work could catch you off guard. Learn from an experienced mentor, especially all of those strategies that save money.
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Lindsey Hileman culture@ arbiteronline.com
Crossword
Virgo (Aug. 23-Sept. 22) Today is a 9 -- Messes can lead to improvements. Let a change occur naturally. You may receive more than you gave. It’s okay to have abundance.
Libra (Sept. 23-Oct. 22)
Today is a 9 -- You have the resources you need. A private contact in a big company is quite helpful. Write down your discoveries and share them.
Scorpio (Oct. 23-Nov. 21) Today is a 6 -- Study and discover a treasure. Learn from friends who have plenty. Get in someone else’s world, to see that your view’s not the only one.
Sagittarius (Nov. 22-Dec. 21)
Today is an 8 -- Discover a brilliant financial insight. Another’s generosity benefits you. Articulate it so you can share it with others. What comes around goes around.
Capricorn (Dec. 22-Jan. 19) Today is a 7 -- Watch out for hidden surprises. Take advantage of excellent connections. Travel looks good, if you stick to your budget.
Aquarius (Jan. 20-Feb. 18) Today is a 5 -- Find a quiet place to recharge your batteries, and get into a writing project. A friend’s change of plans could affect you.
Pisces (Feb. 19-March 20) Today is a 6 -- Today you work better in a quiet space. There’s plenty of room for personal growth and transformation. Don’t go out if you don’t really want to. ___ (c) 2012, Tribune Media Services Inc.
Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.
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Alx Stickel/THE ARBITER
The Vocal Jazz Ensemble opened at the annual Vocal Jazz Festival. Other choirs on campus include Vox Angelis, University Singers and Meistersingers.
Choir welcomes music lovers
Students of any major are encouraged to join one of Boise State’s four choirs and sing their hearts out Amy Howarth Journalist
Singing is the latest popculture sensation, evidenced by television shows like “Glee,” “American Idol” and “The Voice” dominating the television airwaves. But while these shows suggest not everyone is privileged enough to sing, Boise State’s choir director, Michael Porter, Ph.D., doesn’t agree. “Anyone can participate in any of the choirs. You don’t have to be a music major,” Porter said.
The music department boasts four choirs—Vox Angelis, University Singers, Meistersingers and the Vocal Jazz Ensemble—each with their own specialty. Vox Angelis, Latin for “Voices of Angels,” is the women’s choir, an auditiononly group of about 35 singers. The University Singers group is a large, non-audition mixed choir with about 70 singers. “(It’s for) anyone who sang in high school or would like to start singing again,” Porter said.
Though the University Singers is a non-audition group, it doesn’t mean they can’t sing. In May, they’ll be joining Meistersingers—the select choir—in performing with the Boise Philharmonic. Meistersingers is comprised of about 30 singers who audition at the beginning of the year. The vocal pieces are more complex and typically performed a capella—that is, without accompaniment. The voices stand alone. “For Meistersingers, we’re performing a piece called ‘Kasar mie la gaji’ (translates to
‘the Earth is tired’) from Venezuela. The song represents what the Earth would sound like if it were to have a voice— how its resources have been drained,” Porter said. According to Porter, the other choirs perform a variety of pieces, with songs composed by some of the “big names of classical—Beethoven, Bach, Mozart—but also music that comes from different nationalities.” Not all the choirs are only made up of singers. In addition to 10 choir members, the Vocal Jazz Ensemble has a rhythmic
section comprised of a pianist, bassist and drummer. The ensemble performs a variety of songs, from bebop to blues to samba. Director Jim Jirak, Ph.D., said jazz focuses on rhythm and harmony and that students are free to use improvisation in solos. Both directors—Porter and Jirak—said students from all majors are encouraged to participate in choir. “About half of the Meistersingers are non-music majors,” Porter said. “(Choir) is a good escape during the day. It’s a way
to get away from your studies and make music with your friends.” A spring choral collage featuring the University Singers, Vox Angeles and the Meistersingers, will be held this weekend at the Morrison Center.
Spring Concert Sunday, April 15 at 7:30 p.m. in the Morrison Center. Admission is free with student ID.
T.I.M.E. aims to start movement of positive change for BSU Tabitha Bower Journalist
Five students have come together to form T.I.M.E. for Boise State, a collaborative effort with the goal to inspire positive change. In a quite mysterious event invite circulating through Facebook, the five members, who wish to remain anonymous, are working toward a movement in hopes to create a supportive connectedness between Boise State students and the greater community. “We have elected to remain nameless because this initiative isn’t about us as individuals—it’s about the legacy that it will leave behind, it’s about our university, it’s about Boise State, it’s about the students,” a T.I.M.E. member said. The T.I.M.E. for Boise State event will take place at noon Friday, April 13 on the Quad. Group members have decided to keep most details of the event a mystery, but said students should come prepared to get involved by spreading positive and encouraging words and actions to fellow students. Further information will be released leading up to the event on T.I.M.E. for Boise State’s Facebook page.
The members of T.I.M.E. for Boise State first collaborated in their LEAD 201 course, where they were tasked to produce a project of transformational leadership. Members said they found this assignment an exciting opportunity to positively affect students in a heartfelt way. “The goal of T.I.M.E. for Boise State is to bring the campus population together and show that small things can make a difference to them,” a group member and senior accounting major said. “Sometimes a word of encouragement or something as simple as a smile can change someone’s day. We hope that the impact of T.I.M.E. for Boise State will continue beyond our activities and events to grow a positive supportive community on campus.” By setting a good example to students, the members said they aim to illustrate the impact positive intentions can have on campus. While many students feel overwhelmed with college life, this collective effort moves toward transforming the way students, employees and staff interact with and acknowledge one another. “We hope to inspire people to transform, inspire, motivate, empower their lives and be
there to support their fellow classmates,” group member and senior psychology major said. “We hope to see more support and encouragement on campus. If a student feels like they’re struggling in school and can’t continue any longer we hope this effort would make them feel like they’re not alone.” The members said they feel that even though Boise State has decidedly moved away from being a commuter school, the overall feel of community and closeness on campus is still missing. “We need to build a tightknit community that respects and uplifts our peers. We want to get a sense of hope and empowerment from our fellow Broncos. We don’t want this place to feel like a drop in education,” a T.I.M.E. member said. “We want people to feel invested and feel that Boise State is their home—a place that can be proud of so much more than just football. We want to see people inspired and motivated to make a change and know that they can do it.” T.I.M.E.’s senior psychology major said students can also get involved in the movement by, “writing messages on cards or complimenting and
encouraging people, focusing on the positive aspects of people rather than the negative, and telling them what they’re doing good.” The group said students in
attendance at Friday’s event can expect fun, awesomeness and a sense of community. They encourage all students to come out and get involved in the movement.
“We’ve got lots to be proud of. Hopefully this will start a movement of pride and traditions that we can build on and make stronger,” T.I.M.E. member said.
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in as little as 40 minutes. Sometimes Johnson makes the trip on skis. “I’ve skied it on a couple occasions, when my work is done and I can justify carrying skis up to the top. It’s an awesome back country ski descent. One of my biggest regrets is that I don’t ski it more often,” he said. When Johnson isn’t at Villarrica, he can sometimes be found at a camp on top of the 14,000-foot Santiaguito volcano in Guatemala. Researchers make camp at the summit in order to observe volcanic eruptions at night. They are accompanied by Guatemalan police who come along to gaurd against wouldbe bandits. “When you have tens of thousands of dollars’ worth of equipment, you have to be especially careful,” Johnson said. While the police are welcome additions to these expeditions, they can present a unique sort of challenge for the scientists. Many of the policemen come from the Guatemalan lowlands and arrive ill equipped to deal with the rigors of high altitude field work. “They come equipped with their guns but they have no idea what they are getting into when they have to camp on top of a 14,000-foot mountain for four days in a row … They’re seasoned police but they don’t really know how to keep warm and they often times will not be able to manipulate a camp stove,” Johnson said. Scientists end up caring for police officers, ensuring they are safe, warm, and well fed. Johnson describes this sort of field work as his “bread and butter.” Although there is plenty of opportunity for adventure, Johnson’s first priority is always safety. “We really work at volcanoes where the level of safety is quite high,” he said. “No matter how exciting the science story is, it’s just not worth it for someone to get hurt.”
Jeff Johnson and his associates study lava flows and rock fall in Guatemala.
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When he is approximately 100 meters from the active lava lake, his rib cage begins to vibrate and he can feel pressure waves pulsating ominously in his chest cavity. These massive vibrations result from the sub-audible roar produced by the volcano which is one of the loudest natural phenomena on the planet. Fortunately for Jeff Johnson, Ph.D., human ears cannot detect the low frequency rumble—if they could, his ear drums would rupture instantly. Johnson is a geophysicist who studies eruptive processes. While conducting field work at Villarrica, a Chilean volcano located in the Andes Mountains, Johnson sometimes finds it necessary to descend the inner slope of the crater to fix a cable or set up a specialized microphone. This summer, he will begin work as an assistant professor in the department of geosciences. “Essentially I’m interested in what makes volcanoes work and how they explode,” Johnson said. The first day of Villarrica field work begins with an elevation gain of 4,000 vertical feet. When they reach the top, the scientists have their work cut out for them. “We climb up to the summit and we suspend cables across the crater,” Johnson said. “At
the end of the day we have three anchor points with cables spanning the crater and in the middle we have a payload or an instrument that we lower down towards the lava lake.” A typical payload might include devices such as cameras, thermal sensors, pressure sensors and equipment to measure gases. Team members at each point communicate by radio as they use winches to lower the payload farther into the crater. Below, the active lava lake is constantly exploding and degassing. “Sometimes we end up melting equipment because we get a little too bold,” Johnson said. While Villarrica can be beautiful on a good day, it can be a miserable place to work when it, “has its stink on.” On bad days, tourists on their way to the summit often turn around in frustration as their eyes fill with tears and sulphur dioxide gas stings their throats. “It’s a very caustic environment so we basically have full face respirators to keep out the acid gases,” he said. When they finish taking measurements, the volcanologists head home for the night. “We bring the sensors back in and we sled on down the glacier, usually on our butts,” Johnson said. “The next morning we begin the process again.” While the ascent can take upward of four hours, Johnson and company have descended
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Veterans seeking help or those willing to offer assistance please contact:
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Marnie Bernard, co-founder of Idaho Veteran’s Network, was nominated for a Congressonal Medal of Honor award.
IVN organizes vet support system Kimberley O’Bryan Senior Journalist
Below the signature line on Marnie Bernard’s email, the co-founder of the Idaho Veteran’s Network (IVN), is the phrase, “We never know how strong we are, until strong is the only choice we have.” She and the other volunteers at her nonprofit use that strength to provide aid to military personnel who come home from the war with injuries such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Marnie was nominated by the Congressional Medal of Honor foundation for the Citizen Service Before Self Award. IVN is a referral service for combat veterans. Veterans
Affairs and the Vet Center are set up to help returning military but, sometimes returning servicemen don’t want to seek out help. “I was too pigheaded, I just wanted to tough it out,” said George Nickel, a soldier who came home from Iraq with PTSD, TBI and multiple bone fractures. Nickel didn’t want to be considered unfit for duty, so he refused help, but when he got into legal trouble, word got to IVN. “Marnie talked with my lawyer, organized my friends and got a lot of people behind me,” Nickel said. Once Nickel overcame his afflictions, he returned the favor. Now he’s a mentor to other combat veterans who need help.
“Vets will open up to other vets,” Bernard said. “They won’t usually talk to their wives or mothers.” Several of the mentors available through IVN are those who’ve already used its services. IVN starts supporting the servicemen and their families starting from the time they know they’re going to be deployed. There are 10 main volunteers at IVN, but they also have developed a network of people and businesses that help servicemen and women and their families with small things like household repairs that a soldier cannot deal with when he or she is thousands of miles away. The community has been supportive, according to Ber-
nard. Many people are willing to give free services to the military, to do their part. One gentleman donated and installed a free water heater. “We are a little financially embarrassed,” Bernard said about her non-existent financial support. Bernard and Nickel volunteer 40 hours per week in addition to their own jobs. They don’t have time for fundraising and sometimes money comes out of their own pockets. “Our family of people we support only gets larger,” Bernard said. IVN seeks out combat veterans who don’t have anyone to talk to about their issues. They may have come to Gowen Field from a combat situation and not have any
friends or family to count on. IVN has no counselors, but the volunteers help the servicemen to make the right choices. “Once we gain their trust it gives us the ability to direct them to the facilities that are set up for them,” Bernard said. Veteran and former police detective Eric Fieldstad now a sophomore in social work, helps out IVN by advising combat veterans that have legal issues because of their conditions. “I’m getting a little bit of experience with veterans who have different conditions ranging from PTSD to TBI,” Fieldstad said. “My end goal is working with veterans at the V.A. in a social work capacity.”
Idaho Veterans Network (nonprofit) • Large network of referrals, contact 7 days a week • Work with combat veterans and their families • Marnie Bernard: 440-3939, or email Marnieb3@cableone.net • George Nickel: neveroneleftbehind@gmail.com • Tom Obstarczyk: 866-5378 • Thomas.Obstarczyk@us.army.mil Vet Center • Counsels combat veterans • Walk in or apt. • 2424 Bank Drive, Boise • V.A. Hospital for combat vets 342-3612 • Open 24/7 emergency room/ Veterans services • 422-1145 If your business can provide free or discounted services To veterans, or if you wish to volunteer or donate funds, contact Bernard at 440-3939.
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Followers
based on true stories
The Break Trevor Villagrana
Assistant Lifestyles Editor
“Weekends are losing their touch,” Cameron said into the grey skyline. “I’ve drowned the last two months in booze and cigarettes and what do I have to show for it besides black eyes and skinned knees?” The view from Table Rock
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resembled the current state of affairs: a lovesick boy chasing an ideal and a girl who liked to pretend everything was OK. Juxtaposed between a cool breeze and an impending storm, Sally grabbed Cameron by the rough of his cheek and spoke reverently. Part I: The Beginning of the End “At least you’re cute,” she said. Since Julie’s implosion he’d taken up with Sally again, regrettably. For years he constructed the pedestal for which the two torrid love affairs sat, but in hindsight it never felt right, like it was supposed to. “If you could only keep me alive, Sally…” he said. “…if only.” “I gave up a week in Paris for you Cameron,” Sally snapped. “The least you could do is make it worth my while.” “Can we please have a good Spring Break?” pleaded Cameron. “I begged you not to stay and you did. I appreciate the gesture, but all I want is a week to fuck my head and forget.” “Collin was right about you,
you’re an asshole,” said Sally as the sun fell from the sky, drenching the valley in orange and crimson. Cameron, hungry like the wolf, turned his gaze to her, stifling a slight giggle that left his lips swollen and eager. “It wouldn’t quite make us members of the Mile High Club but we are pretty far above sea level…” “In your dreams pretty boy,” Sally cooed. “I’m not that kind of girl.” Their game was one of poorly directed innuendo and great sex. When they weren’t fighting they were panting, boring holes into each other’s hide with sharpened fangs and commentary. Since reconvening in January, they found shelter under the dying murmur of romps and blanket forts. “Sally,” groaned Cameron, post coitus, “it broke.” “Followers” is a quasiautobiographical mini-series about a college senior looking back on his freshman year at Boise State University.
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Atheists try to spread their word Elena Soto Arbiter Staff
In March, the Boise State Secular Student Alliance (BSSSA) hosted the event “Beware the Ides of March: Stories of Life and Change” March 15. Keynote speakers Susan Harrington and Dustin Williams shared their life experiences concerning religion and atheism, an absence of belief in the existence of a god or gods. Williams, a graduate from Walla Walla University with a Bachelor’s of Arts in theology, was born and raised a fifth-generation SeventhDay Adventist. He was born to a cancer survivor in a time where there wasn’t as much research available about fertility rates and birth defect rates after cancer treatment; he grew up believing he was a miracle and thought of himself as a gift from God. However, upon advancing into the ministry of the Seventh-Day Adventist church, he came to the conclusion he was no longer a man of faith. Williams now calls himself an atheist, humanist, skeptic, secularist, naturalist and a free thinker. Williams is also a member and co-organizer of Cosmos Coffee Club in Boise and West Valley Freethinkers in Nampa. “Once a preacher, always a preacher. But now it’s sharing the good news of atheism,” he said. Susan Harrington, founding president of Idaho Atheists, Inc, thinks there are misconceptions about atheism in the Treasure Valley. Harrington said the greater community is slowly, but surely recognizing who the atheist community is but that they are still frowned
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The glowing cross on Table Rock is a controversial topic for atheists and various religious groups. upon and treated like second-class citizens. Several years back, Harrington said she tried reserving the steps at the Capitol Building for Atheist Heritage Week and Idaho Day of Reason, but said they felt discriminated against. “The governor had issued so many other proclamations for so many other groups and events but he wouldn’t for us,” Harrington said. However, Harrington and the members of Idaho Atheists try to stay active in the community by volunteering for the AdoptA-Highway program every spring and fall, in addition to volunteering for other
programs wherever they are accepted. The Women’s and Children’s Alliance has accepted them as volunteers, but the Boise Rescue Mission has turned them away in the past without giving them reasons why. Overall, Harrington thinks equality for everyone is important and that her organization clearly defends the issue of separation of church and state and atheist civil rights. “We do not want our government officials endorsing religion over non-religion in any way. Our government in general should be completely neutral,” Harrington said.
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Opinion
April 12, 2012
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Reality Tv shovelling for show
Kony 2012
MCT
Part Two Invisible Children CEO redeems cause Kelsey Crow Journalist
Many people condemned the Kony 2012 campaign as mostly useless, but a new sequel, which was released on on April 5, gave it some legitimacy. The sequel, a 20-minute addition to the original 30-minute video, is clearly much needed for damage control. The original video, responsible for launching the Kony 2012 campaign, was viral and seriously flawed. Similar to the Rebecca Black phenomenon, it became infamous rather than famous. Shortly after its inception and subsequent media firsetorm, the first video’s creator, Jason Russell, suffered a mental breakdown and was hospitalized after performing public sexual misconduct. Which then garnered even more media attention. “There was like a week where you could flip through channels and you could see it through big time news and all over the social networks,” said Emily Austin, a freshm a n nursing major. Many students don’t think the video had much of an impact. “It definitely spread awareness, b u t I don’t know how much actual difference it has made,” said Madison Uhlenhoff, a freshman theater arts major. The vast amount of criticism turned into a tsunami of disapproval that crashed over the Invisible Children administration and undoubtedly prompted the creation of this damage-controlling sequel. According to Fox News, “The original (video) over-simplified a complex issue, was too American-centric, promoted ‘slacktivism,’ and was the work of a charity that provides little money directly to the people they intend to help.” The sequel opens with dozens of news commentary clips discussing Kony 2012 and ending with a disgruntled CNN anchor saying the filmmakers “haven’t got a clue what they’re talking about.”
After some compelling music, a dramatic pause and a charismatic statement from a former Ugandan presidential candidate, the country director of Invisible Children Uganda, Jolly Okot, states: “Awareness number one. Number two: action.” According to ABC News, the sequel “does a better job explaining the current conflict created by African warlord Joseph Kony,” and better outlines how the millions of people who have seen the video can get involved. The sequel also clarifies the fact that Kony’s army has not been in Uganda since 2006, which was a large issue with the first video that angered many Ugandans—including Ugandan government officials, according to ABC News. The other main parts of the more sensible (although still very hip) sequel include celebrating recent resolutions introduced in Congress and putting in another plug for the “Cover the Night” event on April 20—an event initially publicized in the first video. The resolutions in Congress call for increases in U.S. funding for the capture of Joseph Kony via supporting African regional armies, according to the Washington Post. Also, the “Cover the Night” event has not only been re-mentioned, it has been partially re-framed, stressing community volunteer work and creative things such as “mowing the campaign’s triangles into sports fields” instead of merely raising general awareness. W h i l e t h e Kony 2012 campaign still leaves some realism and international relations comprehension to b e desired, it has at least been salvaged by its clever sequel. It has met the criticism head on, supplied some decent rebuttals and explanations, and seems much more able to pursue its goals than before it thrust itself on the world and the world thrust its criticisms back.
l e tt e r t o t h e e d i t o r
Controlled demolition
Garrett J. Howard is a freshman in criminal justice. The events that took place on September 11th 2001 shook the world up and broke it down. An estimated 2,977 people died in the biggest and most violent act of crime American’s have ever witnessed. It affected everyone making us feel confused, vulnerable and unsafe in our own homes. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Released one “official 911” report. The problem with the report is that the Lead Investigator at NIST, Shyam Sunder, neglected to explain the collapse of WTC build-
ing seven. He also ignored evidence of explosive thermatic chips that were discovered by Witness Frank Delissio. Delissio collected the red/grey chips of explosive materials from the Manhattan end of the Brooklyn Bridge within 20 minutes of the first collapse of the south tower, said chemist and professor Dr. Steven E. Jones. Because some people don’t know, Trade Center seven was the 3rd building that collapsed later that evening on 9/11. This building only had fires on a few floors, before coming down in what most fire personal and medical workers in the
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area described to be a controlled demolition. The 9/11commission report is in conflict with lease holder of the WTC’s Larry Silverstien’s statement, stating “I remember getting a call from the fire department commander telling me that they were not sure they were going to be able to contain the fire. I said, you know, we’ve had so much terrible loss of life. Maybe the smartest thing to do is just Pull-it.“Pull-it” is a term described by demolition experts as a word that means to bring down a building in a controlled demolition, which supports many witness ac-
nists reflect the diversity of opinion in the academic community and often will be controversial, but they do not represent the institution-
counts. There are over 500 firefighters and emergency medical workers who submitted oral histories, stating what they saw and heard on 9/11. These statements were rejected from being released to the public by the Governor Bloomberg administration. The New York Times, together, with families of the victims, filed suit and after a very long court proceeding, the city was ordered by a court of appeals to release the eyewitness accounts. The Times then made the oral histories available to the public through issue. Several witnesses deal opinion of The Arbiter or any organization the author may be affiliated with unless it is labeled as such. The Arbiter cannot guarantee
scribe a single explosion, followed by the collapse of either tower. Many other reports describe multiple explosions before the collapse of either tower. One firefighter said, “It almost sounded like bombs going off, Like BOOM, BOOM, BOOM, like seven or eight! ” One firefighter heard explosions coming from the south tower. “There were about ten explosions he said. We then realized that the building had started to come down.”With the scientific evidence and the witness statements by NYFD and medical personal, why has the NIST report not been further investigated in a public trial? Its because fire fighters are scared of losing there jobs and looking like they are un-patriotic. submissions will make it to print due to time and space constraints. The content of the opinion does not affect its eligibility to be printed.
Hunting for buried treasure whether it’s in the ground, in an abandoned storage locker or at the bottom of the ocean seems to be a primal urge. But when does digging up your backyard cross the line into sullying the study of history and culture? According to some archaeologists, two cable TV reality shows have done just that. National Geographic’s “Diggers” and Spike TV’s “American Digger” follow the exploits of the archaeological equivalent of bounty hunters. These hunters with property owners’ permission, dig and occasionally blast their way to underground artifacts, which they hope to sell to collectors for profit. The issue here isn’t so much the legality of what the diggers are doing, but the ethics. In the U.S., numerous federal and state laws protect Native American and other historic burial grounds, as well as archaeological sites designated as landmarks. But, there is no cultural patrimony law in this country that gives authorities the right to take possession of any finds on private property because they are historically significant. Archaeologists who have criticized the shows aren’t particularly worried that Ric Savage, the former professional wrestler turned star of Spike TV’s “American Digger,” is going to unearth another La Brea Tar Pits or vestiges of Pocahontas’ 17th-century wedding attire. Most significant historic sites in the United States are already under both the federal and the state control. In fact, some say that the bullets and belt buckles and shards of pottery that the diggers find are of meager value to collectors and almost no value to museums. Nevertheless, there is a real danger, they contend, in damaging the sites and essentially destroying the historic record of where and how the items are found. Savage says he is a lover of history, but he is also a lover of entrepreneurship and making money, as are the Spike TV executives. Well that is fine. But we believe that people have a right to do whatever lawful excavating of their own flower beds that they want. But we do wish the producers of these types of shows that glorify it would seek out schooled archaeologists to cast a watchful eye on the diggers and make documented records of the findings. The National Geographic TV is already heading in this exact direction, having at least temporarily stopped airing its show until it has further meetings with archaeologists. Spike TV has vowed to continue without changes. The science of archaeology, with continually evolving techniques, is about research and discovery and is often about leaving things in the ground. As such, it’s at direct odds with artifact diggers.
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Sports
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April 12, 2012
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Bronco men swim, bike, and run
Cody Finney Photo Editor
Many students make a point to swim, bike or run for at least 20 to 30 minutes throughout the week—knowing the simple truth that exercise is beneficial to mind, body and soul. However, an Australian man named Craig Alexander has pushed this 20 to 30 minutes of swimming, biking and running to 8 hours 3 minutes and 56 seconds of all three in one day. This man is the record holder of the now-famous sport of Ironman. Alexander solidified this record in the Ironman World Championships in Hawaii last October. Similarly, Chrissie Wellington of Great Britain set the women’s Ironman world record of 8 hours 54 minutes and 2 seconds also on the Hawaiian course. These times do not hold any water if one does not know the distance of the race. Well, as the saying in
the Ironman world goes, “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2! Brag the Rest of your life!” The creation of this unbelievable event is credited to U.S. Navy Commander John Collins who, in 1978, attempted to settle the long-standing debate of who was more fit—swimmers or runners. After hearing of Belgian cyclist Eddy Merckx, who had the highest recorded oxygen uptake measured at the time, Collins proposed adding biking to the competition. The challenge would be swimming the Waikiki Roughwater Swim (2.4 miles), biking the AroundOahu Bike Race (155 miles) and running the Honolulu Marathon (26.2 miles). The winner would be called “Iron Man.” This challenge seated 15 participants, yet only 12 were able to earn the title. The World Triathlon Corporation (WTC) established the official distances of the Ironman
races based on the distances in Hawaii Ironman. Ironman events are held all around the world, but to this day the Ironman World Championships are still held in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii. One does not simply hop into a swimsuit, grab a bike, some running shoes and do this. The type of training required for this sport is reserved for the insane. But even the insane need to warm up to the full Ironman. In 2005, the Ironman 70.3, half the distance of a full Ironman, was created by the WTC to better prepare armatures and the professionals for the rigors of the full Ironman. Boise is home to an “Ironman 70.3 Boise” held in June annually. This 2 p.m. race begins in Lucky Peak Reservoir and ends at Boise’s BoDo District on 8th Street. Sophomore Ryan Carfi is preparing for the Ironman 70.3 Boise by running the Beat Pete 5K Run, Race to Robie Creek and
Famous Idaho Potato Half Marathon. When he is not running, he is swimming in the mornings at the Rec Center and biking on his bike trainer or outside when weather permits. Such commitment is a job in itself for students. It requires constant nutrition and managing three-hour workouts into the hustle of work and/or class, and stretching is essential to performance. Brad Allison, a certified athletic trainer and graduate assistant athletic trainer for Rec Response at Campus Recreation, explained the fundamental static stretching. Many stretching techniques learned at a young age are incorrect, for example, touching your toes and holding for an extended period of time, then running. Allison explained foam rolling and dynamic stretching techniques provide the snap that allows muscles to react properly, which benefits an athlete as opposed
to a static stretch, which could weaken the muscle and hinder the athlete while performing. Though some students do not know this vital information about exercise, it is innate to the Ironman athletes. This sport goes beyond exercise, nutrition and recovery stretches. Ironmen have a mindset that allows them to push past a mental block that tells them to stop. Junior Tomas Wheaton, who has completed five marathons and two Ironman 70.3, among other events, describes his mentality during training as, “a thing that is in your brain when you start hurting, when you want to stop, I like to keep going.” The Ironman will yield rage and euphoria; tears and sweat; limitations and fortitude; but one resounding fact is that all Ironman athletes share—it is the best feeling in the world. Swim, Bike, Run. CODY FINNEY/THE ARBITER
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