THE BARANGAY REGULAR ISSUE 2024

INDAY SARA SPARKS MATATAG

TURN

Vice President of the Philippines and Secretary of the Department of Education (DepEd) Sara Duterte introduced the MATATAG curriculum as a modified educational program for Kindergarten to Grade 10, for the school year 2024 to 2025.

ECO FEAST: “LDHS EARNS A SPOT!”

KSURVEY SAYS:

DO

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Twenty-students from Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) were selected to participate in an entrepreneurship program called “Teentrepreneur,” held by Telus International for a sponsorship.

Teentrepreneur was held every Saturday, from September 30, 2023 until November 11, 2023, consisting of six sessions altogether.The program was a way to help the students enhance their skills and talents by starting their own businesses, aiming to become their stepping stones for the future. In addition, this program is mostly offered to students from schools that they have sponsored, as well as a way to donate and give thanks to their community.

Christian Paul Bangayan, who is an LDHS student and one of those who were sponsored, shared his insights in being a part of this, “My experience in attending Telus International’s Teentrepreneur is good, kasi I know a lot of things, especially in business na gustong-gusto ko talagang gawin, but not for clout–chasing. I just really want to know things in terms of business talaga, kasi I want to build my own business one day.”

For the last session of the program, the organizers hosted a bazaar for the students to sell their merchandise one last time before finally concluding the entire program for this year’s batch, crowning the team that will win the “Best Business Model Canvas."

TURN TO PAGE 3 6 MISS UNIVERSE: THE AWAITED PROGRESSION 13 PHRASE AGAINST THE WORLD 16 ARTFUL SHIFTS FOR A RIDE 19 SKILL SET ON THE FOOTBALL FIELD

RICSHANA VALENZUELA EMBASSY OF JAPAN IN THE PHILIPPINES

onbanwa! Students from Lakan Dula High School’s (LDHS) Nihongo Club was chosen to be one of the 13 participants and two supervisors of the Japan-East Asia Network of Exchange for Students and Youths (JENESYS) on October 6, 2023. The said students were Earl Tuazon, Nihongo Club’s president and Aigelle Candelaria their vice president, along with their adviser Mr. Genaro Getigan.

The Philippines-Japan Cultural Exchange for High School Students is an invitation program for Japanese language learners that aims to cultivate trust and understanding among the people of Japan and the Philip

pects of their program, such as receiving guidance on proper conduct, and gaining insights for their upcoming stay in Tokyo and Iwate from October 16 to 24, 2023. In addition, the said program extended beyond language, emphasizing the fundamental aspects of Japanese culture, particularly etiquette.

“We wish our young ambassadors the best as they set out to explore Japan and forge lasting connections between our two nations. Safe travels and make unforgettable memories!” stated by the Embassy of Japan in the Philippines.

Meanwhile, the participants along with their supervisors were given

day during their Nihongo trip with JENESYS was the last day or 7th day, where they all went out with their host families for the last time, spending the night with one last dinner and giving their parting messages to each other.

According to Tuazon, “Japan is really a stunning country. You won't believe how good and peaceful Japan is unless you experience it. The politeness of the people, the beautiful scenery that shines like a refined diamond, and the culture that's preserved like a fine wine.”

“Japan is really fit to be a first world country as its economy and technology is far above others. I am the lucky student that's able to experience this moment, the moment that many people want to achieve as they go

TGT HAULS APPLAUSE

Teachers showcased their talents in Teachers Got Talent (TGT) contest as a part of Lakan Dula High School’s (LDHS) 61st Founding anniversary celebration on December 6 and 7, 2023 in Building 10.

TGT was a two-day show dividing grade 7 and 8 from grade 9 and 10, together with the host of the show Mr. Edberg Morales and Mrs. Loraine Oña, both from the English De partment. Before the show started, the “Thun ders crew,” energized the audience with their special dance number.

Additionally, students were stunned by their teachersʼ performances as most of the acts were filled with comedic and dramatic scenes mixed with dancing and singing.

Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao Depart ment entertained the audience by their “The Greatest Showman” adding magic tricks in their act.

Science Department also had the same theme but showed their talents in singing. They also wore the other charactersʼ costume, e.g Mrs. Mary Grace Servano wore the “Three Legged man, Frank Lenti ni” costume in appreciation of the theme.

Furthermore, MAPEH

Department graced the stage by performing “Pandanggo sa Ilaw” while Mr. Jed Lastra, played an instrument called “Bandurria” as part of their act.

To add, Mr. Jimenez, Mrs. Siena, and Mrs. Bajala, from Math Department performed a Hip-Hop style dance.

English Department showed their talents in dancing, acting, and making jokes in their role play as it was full of magic dances, funny jokes, and acting.

Moreover, Mrs. Manglicmot alongside with Mrs. Baoan, from English Dept. performed a song, followed by Ms. Christie Arceo, The Barangayʼs School Paper Adviser (SPA).

Araling Panlipunan Department unveiled the importance of Christmas since their act was holiday themed, emphasizing the birth of Jesus Christ.

Lastly, the Filipino Department also showcased their talents in acting and dancing, the performance they showed was filled with funny scenes and drag scenes.

Jan Jewel Argonza from grade 10, section 11 said that the contest was a blast because it was her first time seeing her teachers dancing.

“Sobrang saya ko kasi syempre first time kong makita ‘yong mga teachers na sumasayaw — walang killjoy.” she said.

CHARLES DONATO MICAELLA MAE HERNANDEZ

EDITORIAL FEATURE SCIENCE SPORTS

INDAY SARA SPARKS MATATAG REVOLUTION 2024

Vice President of the Philippines and Secretary of the Department of Education (DepEd) Sara Duterte introduced the MATATAG curriculum as a modified educational program for Kindergarten to Grade 10, for the school year 2024 to 2025.

MATATAG stands for, “Make the curriculum relevant to produce job-ready, Active and responsible citizens; TAke steps to accelerate the delivery of basic education services and provision facilities; TAke good care of learners by promoting learner well-being, inclusiveness learning, and positive learning environment; and, Give support for teachers to teach better.”

It aims to address the congested content, misplaced prerequisite learning competencies, and disparities in cognitive demands found in the current K to 12 curriculum.

As stated by the evidence-based presentation made by the DepEd Caraga during the full council meeting in Surigao City of the Caraga Regional Development Council (RDC), Filipino learners have shown below-average performance in both national and international assessments in the past years.

According to a 2021 World Bank study,

(FROM PAGE 1)

over 90% of 10-year-old Filipino learners struggled to comprehend age-appropriate text, and at the same time, the 2018 National Achievement Test (NAT) results in Caraga indicated that only 36.9% and 43.61% of elementary and secondary learners achieved a Mean Percentage Score (MPS) of 66-85%, or at least moving towards mastery.

In addition, the organization pinpointed the excessive number of subjects and lessons in the previous kindergarten to grade 10 curriculum as one of the factors influencing the mentioned outcomes, prompting the DepEd to initiate a curriculum revision.

However, the current educational curriculum under the Republic Act No. 10533 also known as the Enhanced Basic Education Act increased the number of years of basic education, leading to the creation of senior high school or grades 11 to 12, which kick-started in 2012 to 2013.

Endorsement and approval of the MATATAG is to be tediously reviewed by experts and frontline in education, securing that the objective establishes an efficient implementation process, ensuring learners can embrace this transformative journey with flexibility and adaptability.

DC FORGES WITH PETA

LHUAC HAILS FIRST FIL TEACHER

Ariba Pilipinas! Harvard University met its first ever Filipino language instructor, Lady Aileen Orsal, September 6, 2023. The Harvard University Asia Center (HUAC), together with the Department of South Asian Studies, said that Orsal will start teaching elementary and intermediate Filipino courses in the fall of 2023.

A Filipino course was offered for the first time in Harvard’s nearly four-hundred-year history, it is currently the fourth most spoken language in the U.S. after English, Spanish, and Chinese. According to HUAC, Orsal taught Filipino at Cavite State University in the Philippines, where she also received her B.A. in Mass Communications in 2012 and M.A. in the Philippine State in 2017

“Lady Aileen is a dedicated, creative, and effective teacher who is committed to being a leader in Filipino language

pedagogy; she also has an impressive background in Philippine culture, history, and politics,” the HUAC stated.

“Nakakatuwa dahil ang wika at kulturang Filipino ay pumapayagpag na sa ibang bansa at kinikilala na, tunay ngang nanganganak ang ating wika, dumadami na ang mga bansang gumagamit nito bilang panturo para rin magamit ito ng tama at wasto,” Based on Mr. Virgilio Sia, Filipino 10 teacher.

DRIVERS FOILS JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT

Jeepney drivers and operators staged a “noisy protest” held at Capital Manila on Tuesday, January 16, 2024 against the Public Utility Vehicle (PUV) Modernization Plan.

The modernization program was originally launched in 2017 to improve the public transportation system and to reduce pollution, but was repeatedly delayed due to protests and the recent COVID-19 Pandemic.

protest said that he is not against modernization, however, he is against the system of not consulting them on the programme.

“We will continue to fight for these jeepneys and our livelihoods until our last breath.” he stated.

If they missed the December 31 deadline, drivers are permitted to continue operating until the end of January.

CHARLES DONATO CLINT JEISH AGUSTIN

Jeepney operators were given a deadline until the end of 2023 to join for a cooperative, which can help them to replace their fleet with a modern and less-polluting vehicle.

A 59 years old jeepney driver, Emilio Millares who took part on Tuesday

akan Dula High School’s (LDHS)Dramatics Club (DC) in collaboration with the Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA) joined on viewing of the “modern-day riot-of-a-sarsuela, Walang Aray” and “Tabing Ilog, The Musical” in PETA theater on October 13, 2023 and November 10, 2023.

“Walang-Aray,” a two-hour long play which consists of two acts is a tribute to Severino Reyesʼ sarsuela “Walang Sugat.”

It tackled the patriotism and patience for love as Tenyong: the protagonist, had to leave Julia, Tenyongʼs love interest, to fight for their town and Julia waiting for him.

At the same time, “Tabing llog” was also two hours long and addressed the importance of friend-

ship in San Juan E., where the story took place.

DC had a remarkable and life-saving PETA experience with Tabing llog, “We should always be cautious with our actions and even with the words we utter.” Mr. Edberg Morales, the DC club adviser said.

“Because we do not know what baggage other people are carrying and how dark the pathway they are passing through.” Morales added.

Apart from this, as stated by Keith Somintac, a DC member from grade 10, section 5, not only was it a good experience but she learned from the play (Walang-Aray) that we should always fight for what we believe in.

The replay of Walang-Aray ended on October 22, 2023 while Tabing Ilog on December 17, 2023.

and LUCs. “Colleges and institutions should let them finish the academic year,” said De Vera.

According to Rev. Fr. Karel S. San Juan, SJ, who served as the fifth president of Ateneo de Davao University (AdDU), the country’s private schools would benefit from halting the SHS programs at LUCs and SUCs since SHS students from these universities will either move on to DepEd-led schools or private schools. “By removing Senior High School from SUCs, we can now focus on higher education, and DepEd can now focus on the Senior High School system. I think that it’s gaining more clarity,” San Juan said. Meanwhile, the majority of grade 10 students in LDHS were shocked and disappointed with the sudden break off of SHS, especially on their preferred universities. “Na-frustrate ako lalo na noong nalaman ko na mawawala na ‘yong mga SHS sa universities, especially sa Unibersidad De Manila (UDM) dahil dun ko plano mag-enroll,” stated by Rayzen Espinosa, grade 10 student. “Nakakalungkot isipin na mostly sa shs ngayon ay puro private na, kaya mas ma-lelessen ‘yong opportunity para doon sa mga hindi pinagpala financially,” she added.

RICSHANA VALENZUELA

RAPPLER

MICAELLA MAE HERNANDEZ

CLINT JEISH AGUSTIN CHARLES DONATO

LDHS MARKS 61ST ANNIVERSARY

On December 6 - 7, 2023, Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) celebrated its 61st founding anniversary. On the first day, clubs and from different departments held a plant offering in respect and gratitude for LDHS, students from all grade levels also performed a field demo showcasing music and dances from the 1970s up to the early 2000s the day after. This event was quickly followed by the opening of booths led by clubs and organizations, which aims to foster a place of enjoyment for students and teachers alike.

The Filipino Department host-

ed their annual marriage booth, a complete opposite of Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao (EsP) Department who officiated the infamous jail booth.

The Mathematics Department has been creative with their interactive game booth; this year's booth was entitled "What's the point?" putting a clear emphasis on the student's ability to target points and name coordinates. They also had a tattoo booth, which is kind of similar to the MAPEH Department's face painting booth which also hosted a paper flower booth and sticker booth, both of which are perfect for self-enjoyment or gifts for your friends.

The Home Economics (THE) De-

HAWAII HS TO PIONEER CHR 2300

WYNNONA ISIO

Hawaii high schools welcomed the firstof-its-kind Filipino curriculum, called “Cultural History and Roots 2300 Filipino History Culture” (CHR 2300), to be implemented in the fall of 2024.

This development stems from group of students who felt their ethnic education in the classroom was lacking.

Marissa Halagao, Founder of the curriculum expresses appreciation to see her dream finally come true.

“I’m so excited and so grateful that this course is finally getting approved. I started this project as a sophomore in high school and now I’m a graduated senior and it’s just so amazing to see how far we’ve become.” she said.

After an extensive two-year process involving planning, research, and meetings, the Filipino curriculum project has successfully obtained approval from the state’s education department.

This initiative signifies a noteworthy advancement in enhancing cultural diversity

and comprehension within Hawaii’s educational system.

It will focus on six units; identity, Philippine History, Culture and connections, Filipinos in Hawaii and The United States (US), Philippines in an interconnected world, and Community engagement and Civic Action.

While the ‘Filipino History Culture’ course has received approval for all Hawaii public schools, The Filipino curriculum project is calling on the community to help make it accessible everywhere.

According to Mrs. Eleonor Celestiano, a grade 9 Filipino teacher, she was overjoyed due to the recognition of the Filipino culture, not only in the Philippines but also in different parts of the world.

“Hindi man sila [Hawaiians] gaano kabihasa pa sa ating kultura’t lenggwahe ngunit nakakatuwang malaman na unti-unti nagkakaroon ng koneksyon at tulay sa pagkakaroon ng mas maayos na komunikasyon sa paggitan ng mga bansa natin,” Mrs. Celestiano added.

partment has a Wellness Booth where they offer quality massage services if you want to calm your nerves.

However, if you're seeking elation, you should've visited the Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Department’s Kissing Booth and relish the kiss mark on your skin. Confess with the help of the Science Department’s confession and song dedication booth.

The English Department also opened up a karaoke booth where students were encouraged to sing their hearts out.

Not to forget, Nihongo also hosted a photobooth where students could dress up in different costumes from famous an-

ime and so on. They also upheld a fishing game using a mini pool where you can fish for prizes.

Lastly, the Araling Panlipunan (AP) Department commenced a Peryahan as their annual booth in partnership with the Supreme Secondary Learner Government (SSLG), plus they released a bunch of merchandise, available for students and teachers to purchase, called Red Market.

Lakan Dula’s 61st anniversary was no doubt, iconic, and remarkable. We are cheering on more years to come. A toast for LDHS students, teachers, and non-teaching staff.

ECO-FEAST: “LDHS EARNS A SPOT”

SLDHS LAUNCH CAREER GUIDE ORIENTATION

LRICSHANA VALENZUELA (FROM PAGE 1) DAVID ESPAÑOL

chools from District II celebrated the eco-festival with various contests such as ‘Tugsayawit’ and ‘Binibini at Ginoong Kalikasan’ at Pres. Sergio Osmeña High School (PSOHS), Friday, Nov. 24, 2023.

The program began with a prayer, opening remarks and continued with an inspirational message. In every corner of the court stand the schools Manuel L. Quezon High School, Jose P. Laurel High School, Calderon Integrated School, Florentino Torres High School, and PSOHS Lakan Dula High School.

Each school had a clash of skills and the winners advanced to represent District II at the Division Level of the said contests.

The Binibini at Ginoong Kalikasan started with the introduction of the candidates, followed by their talent portion, and presenting their kalikasan-inspired attire.

Lastly, there is the question-and-answer portion. While the scores are being tallied, an intermission number was prepared by each of the schools in District II.

Sean Luke O. Fajardo won as Ginoong Kalikasan 2023, together with Savanna L. Villadolid, who placed 2nd and was awarded Best Talent for the Binibining Kalikasan.

According to Fajardo, he was overjoyed that his name was called last due to the fact that he was new to pageants and did not expect to win first place.

In addition, he would like to express his gratitude to the Sining Lahi Dance Troupe (SLDT) members for helping him, especial-

ly Savanna and her mother for guiding him throughout their journey.

“I’m so grateful to everyone who supported me and believed in me throughout my preparation for the contest, and of course to my fellow lakan dulans who supported me during the contest. The loud, heartwarming chants of support from the crowd made my nervousness disappear and gave me confidence," Villadolid stated.

“The trophies that were won are not only my wins nor my class’ wins; they are the wins of everyone in LDHS," she added.

CATCH-UP FRIDAYS: DEPED TO SURGE PISA

MARK JACOB MENDOZA

MICAELLA MAE HERNANDEZ PRECIOUS ARCEO

akan Dula High School (LDHS), along with St. Matthew of Blumentritt Institute of Technology - Manila, commenced a career guidance orientation for grade 10 students, on Thursday, February 1, 2024.

LDHS Guidance Counselor Rosarita B. Silva welcomed all distinguished guests with warm opening remarks in lieu of Principal Ms. Merle B. Angon.

Consequently, Brother Norman Medrocillo, St. Matthew's guidance counselor, introduced the different senior high school (SHS) strands which includes Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), Technology, Vocational, and Livelihood (TVL), as well as General Academic Strand (GAS) if you're still undecided.

“Decision making should be final before you enter senior high school.” Medrocillo advises the students to make up their minds about the track that they want to pursue before stepping foot to SHS.

Schools such as Holy Child Catholic School (HCCS), Datamex College of Saint Adeline (DCSA), Philippine College of Criminology (PCCR), Our Lady of Fatima University (OLFU), University of the East (UE), Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology (EJIST), St. Matthew of Blumentritt Institute of Technology, and Maranatha Christian Academy of Manila (MCA), and many more visited to give students a quick overview and to encourage them to enroll in their school.

The Department of Education (DepEd) implemented the new “Catch-up Friday” program for all grade school and high school students in the Philippines to address the country’s low rate last Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2023.

Based on PISA, the Philippines was ranked at the bottom 10 out of 81 countries worldwide after scoring 355 in math, 347 in reading, and 373 in science, proving that the Philippines’ educational system is in a crisis.

In response, President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr. ordered the Education Sector to take action to improve the quality of teaching in schools across the nation.

On the other hand, the Department of Education (DepEd), led by Vice President and DepEd Secretary Sara Duterte, launched the “Catch-up Friday” program to answer the president’s order. The program aims to address the learning gap among grade school and junior high school students in the Philippines.

“[The program is a] learning mechanism intended to strengthen the foundational, social, and other relevant skills necessary to

actualize the intent of the basic education curriculum.” the DepEd stated.

Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) then participated in the memorandum presented by the DepEd which required all schools in the country to start the National Reading Program activity called “Drop Everything and Read” (DEAR).

January 19, 2023, since the LDHS started implementing the program throughout the school from grades 7-10.

However, after three Fridays, teachers in LDHS appeared to be uncertain about the right way to execute the program.

Mr. Edberg Morales, an English Teacher, said that he is in favor of the implementation of the program but it was so abrupt that it left the teachers unsure of how to properly perform it.

“DepEd with this kind of project hopefully helps in developing the comprehension skills of the students, but we really need a systemized process on how to do all this, because if each teacher has their own ways of doing it, there wouldn’t be any accomplished objectives. It’s defeating its purpose,” Mr. Morales stated.

MICAELLA MAE HERNANDEZ ALTHEA MAE QUILES

LIFE OUTSIDE BOOKS

Philippines is among the coun- tries who offer a double-shift class. This is mainly because of the insufficient facilities and buildings in schools. As well, due to students are extending their time for school at home, through doing their homeworks and other school activities. Other than that, a number of students are allocating their time to extracurricular activities, organizations, and clubs. However, the government is planning to abolish this and promote a single-shift class that would be hardly implemented in some schools in the country, and should not be implemented, but why is that?

Department of Education (DepEd) stated in a press conference before the opening of the school year 20232024 that they are still recognizing the classroom shortage in highly-populated areas, including Manila and CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon). Therefore, it would not be advisable to promote the single-shift classes in this state. In addition, the number of students who enrolled for this school year are continuously increasing, which is expected since we are finally going back to normal after years of having on-

THE S.Y. 2023-2024

ARANGAY

Ms. Christie Arceo Adviser

Ms. Merle B. Angon Principal

Mrs. Ayla B. Urrea

EPS/Secondary Journalism Supervisor

Micaella Mae Hernandez

Editor-in-Chief/Science Editor

Ricshana Rose Valenzuela Associate Editor/News Editor

Marion Gabrielle Lacasad Managing Director/Copyreader

David Joseph Español Assistant Managing Director Feature Editor

Xylene Resha Terminio Head Researcher/Column Editor Hazel Joy Vea Editorial Editor

Christine Mary Dayondon Sports Editor

Charles James Salatambos

Head Cartoonist

Lawrence Benjamin Perez Jr Head Layout Artist

Mark Jacob Mendoza

Head Copyreader

Precious Angela Arceo

Head Photojournalist

News Writer: Charles Donato

John Gabriel Nadura

D’dhrei Charlize Pangan

Wynnona Seth Isio

Editorial Writer:

Diana Sofia Murillo

Dominic Mago

Feature Writer:

Gerome Santos

Eliyana Sto. Tomas

Eizha Elaine Asis

Faye Denise Carreon

Science Writer: Lenina Acob

Angelo Russell Niño

Sports Writer:

Althea Mae Quiles

Clarein Camaño

John Patrick Patches

Photojournalist: Nicole Ramos

Clint Jeish Agustin

Layout Artist:

Louise Hannah Adriano

line classes. Nevertheless, with the state of the number of classrooms that we have, it would be nearly impossible to accommodate all the students in a single shift. Moreover, a number of students, especially the ones belonging in higher sections usually have their clubs, organizations, and extracurricular activities that they have to commit and attend to after their academic classes, and it would be impossible to do that if single-shift classes are applied to schools, unless students are willing to stay at school very late and sacrifice their emotional, physical, and mental health. Additionally, other than students' time at school, they still have to allocate some of their time for their homeworks at home, which does not give them a life unrelated to school. However, the current double-shift classes give them more time to do it, and it would avoid students from being burned out. Furthermore, it is also possible that we would have a shortage of teaching staff because many teachers, especially in public schools, have a part-time job, for they are saying that their teaching job is not enough to support their daily needs. Therefore, not only the students but also various teachers will be affected negative-

ly. Having to go to school for half a day benefits both the teachers and the students, as they could think of many more ways to become productive, other than spending all their time at school. It also helps in relaxing our physical and mental being because we could have more leisure time.

However, the idea of having a oneshift class has the main purpose of helping students become more productive, and it will push them to think more critically and logically at all times. As a result, the government will be able to produce better quality learners which is a part of the DepEd's aim. Moreover, having a double-shift class may not be advantageous because having a double-shift class is more likely to place a higher burden on school facilities than it is when single-shift classes are being implemented, which is more likely to lead to higher maintenance costs and reduce lifespan. Nonetheless, double-shift classes are more preferable, because if the main purpose of implementing the one-shift class is to produce high quality learners, they should not just focus on students' intellectual skills, but also their mental well-being. In addition, as a solution to the insufficiency of classroom facilities, the occurrence of asynchronous classes could come back that could cause a much higher stress and pressure on students, mainly because teachers are more likely to give them a bunch of activities every asynchronous classes.

In addition, a student from a survey made by the publication stated that, “The

implementation of the new one-shift class, scheduled from 7:00 a.m. to 3:00p.m., will significantly impact my daily life as a student. Given the absence of internet access at home, I anticipate challenges in managing my time effectively and understanding class materials during online sessions. The condensed one-hour learning sessions per subject may pose difficulty in grasping concepts without the additional support of online resources. This shift necessitates careful planning and adaptability to ensure a successful learning experience despite the limitations posed by the lack of internet connectivity.”

Double-shift classes are being implemented just fine, so why do we have to change it to single-shift classes when no conflicts are seen? Unnecessary adjustments wherein both the teachers and students have to commit to is just one of the many problems that they could possibly face upon doing this. Furthermore, learners deserve to have a life outside school, because academics should not be their only priority. They still have to allocate time for family, friends, leisure, and of course that “me time” which is very important in one’s self life. In addition, it is also significant because it helps them relax, which would play a crucial role in maintaining their body healthy. When it is, being productive will be given, because their minds could think freely without feeling pressured or burned out because of the long class hours.

MESSING THE TIMETABLE

Diana Sofia Murillo

Education was the main priority in the Philippines when Kindergarten to 12 was introduced. The K-12 curriculum was implemented in 2012 and covers kindergarten, six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school. It prepares them for middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. However, it was reported and proven that the curriculum has been congested and failed to reach its goal. Now, will the newly revised curriculum uncongest it? Possibly, if it is implemented and fixed properly, with the right amount of funds to sustain and help the new curriculum.

Department of Education (DepEd) found that the current curriculum’s content is congested, and some “learning competencies are missing or misplaced.” President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr. ordered Vice-President and DepEd Secretary Sara Duterte to revise the contents of the curriculum. “We will make the curriculum relevant to produce competent, job-ready, active, and responsible citizens,” she said. She added that DepEd will nourish its literacy and numeracy programs and restore reading, science, technology, and math programs, she added.

The curriculum has been facing problems regarding reading comprehension and proficiency. Some students entered high school with the vocabulary of a fourth grader, which explains that this current curriculum was not planned ahead of time and was spontaneously dropped by DepEd. Now, these students have to suffer when it comes to literacy because of the loose management that they have been controlling. It is also so unfortunate that these students are “grade-conscious” yet, they do not understand a single thing they read or write. Mainly because they believe that if they pass their requirements, they

will immediately receive a high grade.

Moreover, the curriculum also aims to improve English language proficiency “within the context of a multilingual nation.” Reviewing the implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB MLE) policy can be helpful to learners, especially those who do not yet understand the English language. DepEd’s agenda includes the following; taking steps to accelerate the delivery of basic education facilities and services, taking good care of learners by promoting learner well-being, inclusive education, a positive learning environment, and giving support to teachers for them to teach better.

However, 90,000 classrooms were missing in the school year 2022-23 and it only increased by 159,000 for the school year 2023-2024. Yet, they say that the department would need a yearly Php100 billion, just for the missing classrooms from two school years. In addition, how would they resolve the shortage if the money goes to projects that would not unravel our daily matter? On that matter, the country is facing inflation and has debts that will eventually grow as we face the scarcity of our resources.

According to a recent poll taken by Pulse Asia, 44% of Filipinos are unsatisfied with the K-12 education system in the country because it brings additional burdens to students and parents, making it hard to strive for the day. Senator Sherwin Gatchalian added that it’s unnecessary if their kids will experience it again in college. Senate Resolution No. 5 seeks an inquiry on the status of the implementation of R.A No. 1053 or the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013.

Furthermore, the K-12 curriculum was not executed properly, it was spontaneously implemented to show that the Philippines are ready to challenge other coun-

tries, in terms of education, yet it has to be reviewed if it is still worthy of continuous implementation. Additionally, this results in students and parents suffering from everyday expenses and school tuition in private schools. It is also unnecessary because the same learning materials will just serve as “balik-aral.” It can be a repetition lesson but it can be easily forgotten.

Despite that, the government seems to be very late in finalizing the assessment, which delays the provisions and solutions for the K-12 Law. DepEd has been talking about the law but no documentation of the review has been made available to the public, which makes it clearer that they have been deceiving the public eye regarding the congested education system. Although it can be seen that they have been making progress, it does not deny the fact that it has flaws that need to be solved immediately.

In addition, the teachers who have been guiding these students still receive below minimum wages, which does not compensate their patience in their everyday struggle. They get paid Php 129.00 per hour, which is not enough for a month because of the bills, high prices of groceries, and other interests. This simply justifies that even an average wage cannot sustain a family in a day or a month. Teachers sacrifice their patience and time for students because learning is essential and without them, we cannot have access to our education today.

The curriculum needs to be adjusted to its right pace, not just because of the chaos it will bring, but also the welfare of both parties. Teaching staff should get paid higher than the current wage they receive to at least compensate for their hard works and responsibilities to teach and provide the necessary knowledge. Furthermore, the health of the students needs to be cared for, in order to prevent burning out and getting anxious, because of the never-ending homeworks and projects from school. If they care for the well-being of students and teaching staff, they may as well provide aides for them, to avoid overcrowding and stressing severely about school.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Dear The Barangay Staffers, Greetings! I would like to take a moment to express my admiration for our school, Lakan Dula High School, and all it represents. The dedication and passion shown by our teachers, our extraordinary achievements as students, and the environment itself of our school have really made it remarkable. However, as a concerned student, I believe it is essential to address the effectiveness of our current school schedule. While our school shines in many aspects, it is important to constantly observe and enhance our system to ensure the quality learning experience for us students. Do you think having 45 minutes for each subject is a good idea to ensure our learning?

Sincerely, Jennilyn L. Guevarra, 10-1

Dear Jennilyn,

Thank you for sharing your perspective on our school schedule. Your dedication to optimizing our learning environment is truly valued. While we acknowledge that 45 minutes may feel insufficient for all the material we need to cover, we recognize it as a necessary sacrifice to maintain a well-managed schedule for both students and teachers alike. Despite that, we can definitely see where you’re coming from and sympathize with your concern regarding the limited duration of our class periods. Your willingness to engage in constructive dialogue about this issue is highly appreciated. Thank you again for writing to us about this issue. We hope that you are satisfied with our answer.

Best regards, The Barangay Staffers

PREVIEW OF FILIPINOS’ FUTURE

Hazel Joy Vea

saying that it is possible for it to just end up unfulfilled again, like the ones he stated in his preceding SONA. Which is the “Php20.00 per kilogram rice” that he promised on his first SONA that Filipinos had high hopes for but ended up feeling disappointed, because it was never applied in the country.

From the beginning of his campaign until his first SONA, he promised to focus on agriculture and producing quality agricultural and fisheries products, to lower its price in the public market and make it affordable for the average Filipino who only makes a minimum wage per hour, who is just trying to make a living out of their salary. Despite that being said, the inflation keeps increasing and the prices of people's daily necessities, especially food, are becoming unaffordable.

During President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr.'s 2023 State of the Nation Address (SONA), he addressed various issues that the country faced in the first year of his term and how his administration took action for it, he also stated the improvements in the country's economy in the past year. However, most people say that his administration failed in their first year, because a number of Filipinos faced a lot of problems as the inflation rate keeps on growing, daily goods' prices keep increasing, especially in the latter part of 2023, and it seems like no changes or improvement were felt at all. Now that his second SONA took place, would his second term make greater changes for people than it is in his first year?

“Investments in public infrastructure and in the capacity of our people–through food,

education, health, jobs, and social protection–remain our top priority.” Marcos stated, which means that in the succeeding year of the service of his administration, they would focus more on improving and expanding the infrastructures. In relation to this, he also talked about his 'BuildBetter-More' infrastructure program. This program presently includes 194 Infrastructure Flagship Projects (IFPs) that aims to transform and improve the production and social sectors of the country by expanding and upgrading the infrastructures, it will also serve as a pass to make it easier to import and export services and products, which plays a crucial role in the country's economic growth.

These plans that Marcos has stated on his second SONA may be promising, but many people are not having their hopes up as they are

NEW STEP IN SPECIAL EDUCATION

Dominic Mago

Although, even before Marcos' term has begun, the daily necessity is just as pricey as it is, but it became more expensive due to the unforeseen events that took place last year, excluding the pandemic. One of which is the insufficient oil supply due to the war on Ukraine, that had become the main reason why some of our main sources of oil stopped exporting, resulting in higher gasoline and fare price.

Moreover, oil is not the only thing that the country is lacking, thus we are also deficient in rice grain supply, this is due to the smuggling and hoarding cases that occurred these past few months. Hence, Marcos came up with the solution of importing rice grains from other countries like Vietnam. Nonetheless, Department of Agriculture (DA) Secretary, Rex Estoperez stated that the importation of rice grains must be limited to avoid unnecessary hoarding that could take place.

Despite it all, various improvements and achievements our country achieved in his first year was also mentioned in the SONA, this includes the improvement of the industry sector and businesses in the country, and the continuing jobs recovery. Since the pandemic is starting to die down, the industry sector is starting to go

As October paves the way for Disability Awareness Month, the battle for education still proves to be a challenging process for learners in the system. The inclusion of recognizing and protecting the rights of learners with disabilities will become a bridge in shaping a positive change in communities, and the Inclusive Learning Resources Center (ILRC) Funds proves to be a stepping stone in combating the issues that learners with disabilities face on a daily basis. It is a crucial step in establishing an environment that will nurture and help them grow into functional members of society.

According to Senator Win Gatchalian, "The government must commit to fully and effectively implement the law on inclusive education for learners with disabilities." Following Republic Act No.11650 that was enacted on March 11, 2022, a law that institutes and provides different services for people with disabilities in the school education system; it mandates that all cities must have at least one ILRC in support of inclusive education.

Additionally, "It takes a village to raise a child." This is a proverb by Ann Douglas that says, raising a child requires the support of a whole community. Parents and teachers have always been the structural and mental support for the education of disabled learners, the complete understanding of their capabilities provides a deeper knowledge of their physical, social and emotional needs. Moreover, the community must have the obligation to provide a healthy environment full of change that will help each individual to thrive in the future.

The resolution of issues in the lack of representation of disabilities in the media will hopefully eliminate the barriers that affect their learning in a negative way. Ensuring that ILRC Funds will be used effectively in delivering free support services, Persons With Disabilities (PWD) will be able to develop their own talents and skills in different fields and foster their talents to their full potential.

Moreover, society is filled with challenges that learners face on a daily basis, the discrimination against marginalized sectors along with learners with disabilities are unfortunately no exemption to this fact. A study conducted by the United States Department of Justice revealed, "Persons with disabilities experienced 1.3 million violent victimizations, accounting for 21% of all violent victimization." Those cases are evi-

dent in calling for different approaches in accommodating students safety, and the ILRC Funds is a way to support and help negate harm against disabled students from these types of situations.

Furthermore, students with disabilities are often frowned upon in many families in the Philippines, as it is seen as a curse or an illness in most households due to the lack of information and resources. The objectives of this fund also aims to remove those stigmatized beliefs and provide parents with accessible resources and opportunities for their children. The ILRC also offers a variety of different educational materials that will help the general public to not be ashamed of their disabled children. It provides individualised services such as tutoring, counselling and other accommodation to the well-being of the child. "In the case of my daughter, we engaged in services to develop her speech and engaged in occupational therapies to correct certain skills," said Attorney Cecilio D. Duka.

Despite that, as reported by the Inquirer, a mother of a learner with disability in Parañaque City, stated that "while all children have the right to education, not all of them have enough resources to do so." Most families in the Philippines experience debt and financial difficulty because of the costly living expenses of housing, food and more. They do not have enough resources to support a child with a disability financially and are not able to keep up with their needs. However, the budget of P33.8 billion allocated by Basic Education Facilities (BEF) granted by the Department of Education (DepEd) is enough to fully deliver free support services including language therapy, speech therapy and more that will help lessen those expenses and allow families to be able give them their full attention while not worrying about money.

Nevertheless, the implementation of Republic Act No.11650 and ILRC Funds is essential in maintaining a healthy balance between able and disabled learners in society. This act will allow people to lean on the experiences people with disabilities face everyday and remove negative stigmas and biases. It is crucial that the law support the different public policies that will help protect the well-being and safety of learners as well as join movements with programs such as Special Education (SPED) that can inspire individuals to break the barriers that have existed for centuries and make a great change in the world of education.

back to normal after suffering for four years of pandemic. “While the global prospects were bleak, our economy posted a 7.6 percent growth in 2022–our highest growth rate in 46 years.” he stated. This indicates that the past year has been a great beginning for the Philippines to step up. In addition, despite the continuously increasing prices of daily goods, Marcos also stated on his SONA 2023 that the inflation rate is moving at its right pace. “From 8.7 percent in January, our inflation has continued to ease up in all regions, settling now at 5.4 percent for June. What this means is that in spite of all the difficulties, we are transforming the economy.” he added.

Nonetheless, Filipinos are demanding more visible changes and improvements, especially in matters that affect their daily lives, including the never-ending inflation. These months are the most problematic lives an average Filipino family have, because the holiday season just ended and the products' prices are at its peak. These types of scenarios are what the government must prioritize taking into action the most, especially when one of their aims is to provide a high quality of living for Filipinos.

The government was set to provide people the service that they needed, and to make the country a better place for people, so what Filipinos need the most is an assurance from the administration that they would make a more visible change. Although various achievements were made by the administration, it is vaguely felt by the nation. In addition, despite all the factors and unforeseen events that they have to consider, including the deficiency of supplies of various daily goods in the country mainly caused by the war, they must not forget their purpose–to serve Filipinos. After all, they are in the position to serve because the nation trusted them, therefore they should satisfy Filipinos with their service and give them the life that they promised for them.

COLUMN

CORRUPTED BY THE MEN’S POSTSCRIPT

Xylene Resha Terminio

How does one change another’s soul? For a country fractured by a dictatorship and chained to imperialism, the 1987 Constitution is the seventh iteration of the Philippines’s lifeline, the document embodying our moral im- perative to never repeat our dark past. However, after 358 failed attempts, the House of Representatives got the Senate and the President to dance to the tune of charter change, otherwise known as “cha-cha.” And to do so, they have been parroting the misguided belief that our Constitution has hampered our economy and our nation as a whole. That cha-cha is the quick fix to all of the problems that have plagued our nation and its outdated reputation on the global stage. Opening up the constitution for change is not as freeing as you’d think. Once that veil of sanctity is broken, the ulterior motives of the people in charge will reveal themselves, manifesting in the darkest ways that our Constitution was specially written to protect Filipinos from. Our constitution is a far cry from perfection, but if those who are tasked to change it have corrupted the process alone, how can we as citizens trust them to alter our country’s soul?

On January 9, 2024, a revolting charter change advertisement was broadcast on television to millions of Filipinios, demonizing the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) People Power Revolution despite it lacking relation to the ‘issues’ of the current constitution. A portmanteau of the terms EDSA, the revolution, and etsapuwera, “left behind,” EDSA-puwera is used several times in the ad’s one-minute runtime to signify that the revolution that ended the senior Marcos’ dictatorship is the root of the Philippines’ ailments and failure to keep up with the times. Not only is the ad dangerously close to violating the Code of Ethics of the Ad Standards Council by containing “messages that deride or otherwise discredit the law and its enforcement,” it refuses to elaborate on the supposed “shortcomings” of the constitution, settling on throwing shallow messages at the viewer with no objective basis in reality. It is not an ad meant to “spur discussion on charter change” as its makers claim it to be. Rather, it is a tool for historical revisionism to take root into the minds of impressionable Filipinos and corrupt them with ideals subservient to the makings of a new dictator. After all, like father, like son.

The people have the right to choose and elect on what happens in this country. But what happens when during the voting process, you are given a monetary reward of say, a PHP100, or PHP10,000? Why wouldn’t you vote yes, knowing that they can see what you vote in the end? This is what Albay 1st Representative Edcel Lagman alleged regarding the People’s Initiative—a process listed in the constitution to approve constitutional change by collecting signatures in favor of the process from 12% of the total voting population. Even though Albay 2nd District Representative Joey Salceda touted that 12.1% of the total voting popula- tion have answered in favor, it will not do anything as a petition regarding said People’s Initiative needs to be officially filed before the Commission on Elections (COMELEC), which would then gather the votes to determine the next course of action. Because it wasn’t, the distribution of money to the “voters” within a non-election may skirt the damning propositions of the Omnibus Election Code against vote-buying. Change is not something to be afraid of. Why does this stubborn nation keep running away from it? After all, the constitution isn’t perfect. It has flaws. And it is our duty to make it as flawless and as updated as possible. However, if the politicians in charge have already corrupted the process to change the constitution, where is the guarantee that they won’t tamper with the provisions of the constitution that refer to term limits and election cycles? Once the constitution is open for changing, anything can happen, as long as it’s voted on by Congress. Where and how will they stop, when the people are powerless to do anything once they start changing things? That is the biggest risk of charter change. We as the citizens of our nation are left shrouded in uncertainty as the higher-ups are orchestrating their next moves and escape routes. Charter change is not a tune that anyone, especially us Filipinos should be dancing to. Not only does it enable historical revisionism in its own twisted way, it brings out the corruption in people who were elected in spite of it. In its core, change is not evil, but when the journey of change towards your des- tination is filled with red flags and setbacks, it’s time to question everything, and as early as possible, turn your back.

Charles Salatambos

MISS UNIVERSE: THE AWAITED PROGRESSION

Dominic Mago

Is it true that beauty is pain?

A question asked by young individuals striving for the perfect 'look' of high cheekbones, high nose bridge, plump lips and more. Today’s generation is outlook on beauty relies on such standards. One of the most globally awaited and anticipated events, Miss Universe, vows to celebrate the unique cultures and differences of many women. As it becomes internationally inclusive, the chance of a new era in the pageantry becomes a pillar of strength and hope for young women in the world.

In the recent Miss Universe 2023, many women showcased their beauty and talent while promoting inclusivity and diversity. The contestants consist of mothers, married women, LGBTQ+, and a plus-size model breaking the social norms and ideologies that have once existed. This positive transition becomes a gateway for new faces in the pageant competing for the crown.

Miss Universe is a platform that helps empower women emotionally and mentally; giving them several opportunities of representation in the media. Miss Spain's Angela Ponce, the first transgender delegate to compete in the pageant and made a history in 2018. This legacy is continued by Miss Netherlands Rikkie Valerie Kollé and Miss Portugal Marina Machete in Miss Universe 2023, and became advocates for equality, gender identification and inclusivity.

The act, pride and message of feminism and pride become an inspiration for the LGBTQ+ community, sparking the hearts of young transgender women hoping to compete and encouraging the likes of Valentina Sampaio, the first openly transgender Victoria's Secret model.

Moreover, Miss Colombia Camilla Avella, the first-ever married woman to compete and Miss Guatemala Michelle Cohn, a mother contestant, both became an inspiration for young moms and wives, demonstrating that age and parenthood are not limits in showing the strong capabilities of what women can achieve.

Representation is important because it helps developing the confidence and knowledge of many minorities, especially in predominantly white areas. Miss Great Britain's Muna Jama wore a kaftan instead of a bikini in the swimwear section of Miss Universe 2017, a stance of importance in the culture of Muslims. The conversation around wearing a kaftan became a story of inspiration and feminism, where Muslim women are not shamed

for their personal beliefs and have the right to choose what to wear.

Furthermore, according to a netizen, "Women like Muna and I shared similar childhoods. We were the girls who never saw ourselves on television, on runways, or in magazines. Black, Muslims, and daughters of immigrants." The discrimination against minorities of black and muslim women can affect the confidence of marginalized individuals. Ms. Great Britain, Muna Jama's decision made an impact on the hearts and minds of young Muslims to believe and stay true to themselves.

In addition, inclusion does not only stop at culture and ethnicities, It is applied to body standards as well. Miss Nepal Jane Dipika, who holds the title of "the first plus-size contestant" has created a new demographic and standard of beauty in the pageant. Advocating for the different body types and sizes while overcoming the social norm of having to be skinny and having to weigh an exact amount in order to compete; a problem that has always existed for Miss Universe contestants.

As stated by You Press, "Good media representation is important for many reasons, it can be educational, it affects how people are seen by others and how they feel seen of themselves. And that it guides discourse about real people, places, and experiences." Whenever a certain minority is shown on television, it can be a way for children to feel represented and inspired, ensuring that it is used correctly, it can also help remove the negative bias and beliefs in the media. However, critics of beauty pageants believe that these types of contests do more harm than good, reinforcing the idea of women who participate in Miss Universe should be valued by their physical appearance, having to fit a certain standard of beauty which can be harmful for them. Nonetheless, it can be used as a weapon of change, it can be utilized as a platform in spreading the message and importance of the inner beauty Miss Universe contestants have always shown and proven throughout the years.

Despite the challenges presented by the public opinion, it is important that beauty is measured not only by physical appearance but by the character and inner qualities of the person as well. It is crucial that representation is seen all throughout the media when representing minority or marginalized groups. Society must take a stand for a change in the system and encourage people to be comfortable in their own skin, fostering inclusivity in environments such as workplaces, schools and communities, only in that way can we truly say the true meaning of diversity.

PRESERVING THE PAST

Diana Sofia Murillo

CYBERNATED QUILL

Gerome Santos

From self-driving cars, robotic waiters and waitresses, to chatbots—Artificial Intelligence (AI) has undoubtedly altered modern society, and the art world is not an exception. AI is becoming more and more prevalent worldwide. On social media sites like TikTok, users are converting pictures of themselves into two-dimensional animated portraits or anime characters. Some say that its convenience makes it an ideal platform to create art through only minimal effort and with an assured quality. However, there are some serious drawbacks that lie beyond its handy methods.

Authenticity of AI-generated “art” is one of its questionable aspects, since it generates its pieces through combined parts of artwork from all over the internet without giving any proper credit to the original artists. It essentially means stealing art from the actual creator, and profiting from their work, rooting injustice for their blood and sweat that they poured into crafting. For some, it might not seem like a big deal as long as they receive the product that they have requested, but for those whose livelihoods depend on artistic skills, it is the other way around.

On September 2, 2022, Jason Allen, a video game designer in Pueblo, Colorado, spent roughly 80 hours working on his entry, “Théâtre D’opéra Spatial,” to the Colorado State Fair’s digital arts competition. Judges awarded him first place, which came with a $300 prize— making it one of the first AI-generated pieces to win such a prize. His triumph, however, caused a stir among other artists, which accused him of cheat-

The Philippines has been known for being colonized by Spanish, Americans, and Japanese, yet, the country is rich in different types of culture, like food, clothes, and most importantly, traditional folk dances. Philippine traditional folk dances symbolize a culture, representing its rich history from their ancestors to predecessors. These dances are also called “traditional dance,” “ethnic dance,” or “folk choreography”. It is also believed that among many different sources of a nation's cultural tradition, folk dances are considered to be one of the best. These dances symbolize and exemplify the fusion of several cultural traditions that characterize the Philippines. However, will the current generation attack its sacred moves or instead blend within the history's dance?

Sinulog Festival is a traditional celebration in Cebu City held every third Sunday of January to honor the Santo Niño (Child Jesus). The festival is done by a dance ritual, which tells

the story of the Filipino people’s pagan past and their acceptance of Christianity. The word “Sinulog” means “graceful dance”, wherein it all started in 1980 with a simple dance that represents the “sulog” (current) of a river in Cebu. This was one of the most important events in the religious history of the Philippines as it paved the way for the birth of Christianity in the country.

Making dances is uncommon in the Philippines. TikTok is one of the apps that shows dances, may it be a minute dance or way longer. Those dances that were widespread also got the Sinulog dance. The “trend” got tons of views that opened a new set of moves for the younger watchers. The young generations got so used to these trends that they oversee the Sinulog dance as a form of a fad too.

“APPROPRIATENESS”

The friar from the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño, Fr. John Ion Miranda made a comment, “We keep the

tradition to connect us with faith experience with our elders. At the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño, sometimes I call the attention of our candle vendors who sometimes become lazy in dancing while holding the candles.”, he said on the ‘Sinulog dance trend’ that has been circulating on social media, specifically on TikTok. Fr. Miranda, one of the priests at the Basilica, made this comment because of the facade that has been on media. “For that, we keep on reminding people…since Sinulog is also our expression of our faith in Santo Niño, let us keep the tradition,” he added. Religion is one of the things that the Philippines has major faith in, as most Filipinos are identified as Roman Catholics. Preserving culture is one of the hardest things to do, because of the modernization that is currently widespread around the world. Cultures, folk dances, and folk songs are hardly recognized in the country, elders who grew up with these certain cultures keep telling the younger generation to keep on living and spreading their culture as it continues to die and never revived. Moreover, in the Philippines, a variety of dancing styles that originated in other countries have evolved and acquired popularity among Filipinos of all ages and generations. These well-known dances from

ing. He refuted these accusations, saying he had not misled anyone about the source of the material. As an artist, or even as a concerned citizen, how would you feel about this?

AI-generated art loses the core of what is truly considered to be "art" as it is generated by machines. The goal of art is to creatively express the complexity of the human experience. Unlike genuine art created by human beings, artificial intelligence is not sentient, so it is unable to feel the emotion of a piece as it is being made.

Lensa is one of the most widely used applications that creates AI-generated images; it allows you to capture selfies and build an avatar in a variety of artistic styles. Compared to traditional art which often charge between PHP500 and PHP20,000 for a commission, Lensa is far more affordable, and a premium one would only require a relatively small sum of money. In exchange for its convenience and cheapness, the art's authenticity and quality is unassured in the program code of an AI, which is quite a huge price to pay.

Despite the fact that we are living in modernization, where everything is literally, and can technologize in any moment from now, embracing the traditional way is something people should not forget to engrave within themselves. Modernized methods does not always mean the better one compared to another, just like how irreplaceable human artists are when it comes to skills and legitimacy of artworks, something that AI will not be able to comprehend even with various modifications of their parts.

other countries are in high demand on social media platforms and in stage performances.

However, traditional folk dance choreography can emerge into a whole new move, that also represents the current generation and the modernization of cultural dance. Although it can be viewed as erasing the cultures and histories of the predecessors, it cannot be said that it fully erased a major part of the culture. In addition, Sinulog, one of the festivals in the Visayas along with Ati-Atihan and Dinagyang are the festivals that need to be passed on to generations, to never forget the tragedy and the suffering the forefathers dealt with.

Today, the Philippines has been preserving different cultures from different parts of the country, which prevents them from fading into the world. Students who receive immense training for these dances are the ones who show that traditional folk dance needs to be revived and saved, to continue the story of their ancestors. In order to continue its legacy and dedication, protecting and showing that these dances are the epitome of our culture can be a way to preserve these cultures and traditions, despite the occurrence of modernization.

Charles Salatambos

FILLING IN THE GAPS

Hazel Joy Vea

“Sex Education: To educate, be educated!”

Various people must be eager to know the reason behind why teenagers nowadays are becoming aggressive about the state of their love-relationship. Some people might say that they are just going with the flow of the continuously changing modernization, and peer pressure. However, it is not the case as some teenagers just simply lack knowledge towards it and that is when an action must be taken starting from schools, where students first form their personalities, goals, and perspectives in life as this is where they get most of the knowledge they know, so the implementation of sex education in high school must be a priority.

Sex education is not a new idea to Filipinos, because this was already introduced before. It was first introduced in Philippine schools in 1972, by Former President Ferdinand Marcos Senior's administration, as a part of the government's population education program. The main objective and purpose of introducing this back then, was to control the country's population and birth rates, which was the highest in Asia during that time.

Currently, as stated by the National Demographic and Health survey, 8% of Filipino women aged 15 to 19–who are usually in high school are already mothers, and another 2 percent are pregnant with their first child, this is mostly because they lack knowledge towards sex education. However, despite high schoolers' young age, they should be mature enough to think of the consequences of their actions, especially this serious matters wherein their future is at stake. Nevertheless, blaming them would not make anything better since this statistics just simply shows how much our current educational system lacks when it comes to educating students about this matter.

The implementation of the Comprehensive Sex Education (CSE) in higher year levels would undoubtedly decrease the cases of teenage pregnancy in the country, as teenagers would be educated enough about this matter. This problem is one of the contemporary issues that the country is still trying to resolve. To support this, the Department of Education (DepEd) have already included the CSE in the K-12 Curriculum, because they truly believe that it would also reduce the discrimination among students belonging in the same year levels. However, it was yet to be adopted as of today because various conflicts should be taken care of first.

In accordance with what the DepEd have stated, by having to implement this at schools, it will allow learners to gain basic education towards matters related to intercourse that will help them have wider understanding of unusual scenarios that they may or may have not witnessed at school, like encountering pregnant students and the likes. As a result, it would reduce discrimination and bullying against their peers and fellow learners, especially the ones belonging to indigenous groups, who have become pregnant at a very young age unplanned. Hence, there would not be any gap between them as better comprehension is

seen. The government may be determined enough to implement the CSE, but the insufficient materials and the lack of facilities are stopping them from doing so. The schools are crowded enough with just the regular classes, then by adding all the necessary extracurricular activities that occur every single moment at the school, it would be nearly impossible to accommodate an additional class. Other than that, the schools do not have enough funds to support all the needed materials of the CSE implementation. Moreover, we do not just lack physically because we still have to train teaching staff to integrate sex education in the curriculum, for an additional learning must also have an additional trainer, another thing that we are deficient in.

Furthermore, this could negatively affect the moral and religious beliefs of some students belonging to certain religions. The Catholic Church, for example, unfortunately opposes the DepEd's plan of teaching CSE in high school since Catholics have a divine belief that people should not have sex before marriage, thus the idea of students having enough knowledge about it would become a threat to the said belief. Moreover, some parents may also question the idea of implementing this, since it is an inevitable fact that students at the age ranging from 15 to 19 may not be mature enough for these types of learning materials. They could be bothered by the idea that their children could misunderstand these kinds of lessons.

However, these are just some factors that could be resolved upon implementing the CSE sooner. Although it is possible that some parents would oppose this idea, let us not disregard those parents who sees this as an opportunity to educate their young ones, given the fact that not everything is possible to be explained or taught at home. In relation to this, they could improve their decision-making skills, because when they will be provided with knowledge that they have to know, they would avoid bad decisions and they could strive to be a better individual that would benefit not just themselves, but also the society as a whole.

In anything, there is always conflict and opposition, and that is inevitable, but if we would let that stop us from doing what could be beneficial for most people, then nothing good will ever happen, so taking the risk of implementing the sex education in highschool now should be done. Because nowadays, teenagers are experiencing so much pressure from their peers, and they believe that what they define to be "love" is their only escape when it is not. However, they are just kids, young, aggressive, and immature. Therefore, they still need guidance and lectures, and providing them that is not just their parents' responsibilities, rather the government must also be obliged to do so. Subsequently, they must take the risk of implementing the CSE now, because when they keep on waiting, that “perfect timing” to implement it would never come. It's now or never, they even say.

PLUGGING OUT THE DRAIN

Diana Sofia Murillo

DISCREPANCIES OF OUR BOURNE

Roberizza Gwyneth Lagman

In the year 2022, people started talking about the Mandatory Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) when it was announced in every corner of the Philippines. Filipinos have diverse reactions to this matter, and we, the Gen Z’s who will be affected by it, quickly disagree with the idea for several kinds of reasons. They said that it will take a lot of time to process how they are going to deal with it. President Bongbong Marcos imposes that it should be mandatory for all children who will turn 18 and older, specifically the upcoming college students. In order to create competent Armed Forces of the Philippines reservists, college students are set to be trained in the fundamentals of military service by the ROTC. Research points out that ROTC fosters militarism and has the potential to perpetuate a violent culture. Some express apprehension regarding the possibility of hazing, and the possible psychological impact that military training may have on those at stake. Meaning, while we are on the training, we can experience a lot of violence that may harm us physically and mentally. For further understanding, here is an example. There are groups of people who dislike someone for a particular reason and they think that it is okay to harm and abuse that person because no one is watching, furthermore, bullying is one of the common things that is happening in our country regardless of age.

In addition, there are a lot of cases in the Philippines that involve hazing and other physical injuries inside a military camp that needs to be solved. One of the saddest cases is the case of a young cadet named Darwin Dormitorio who was physically beaten by two previous Philippine Military Academy (PMA) cadets, who were sentenced to 30 days in jail. Dormitorio was beaten severely the day before, which eventually resulted in his unfortunate death. It is very alarming that we can encounter this kind of stuff upon doing the mandatory ROTC.

Furthermore, there are people who have difficulties in communicating, it is possible that they are unaware of the implicit social norms around conversation. Other than that, it’s likely that they are not intuitively aware of the tone and body language of others. This makes it difficult to gauge how anyone thinks about words spoken by someone else. Social skill inadequacies may appear in several kinds of ways; because of this, there are individuals that are affected because of the lack of confidence and the fear of what could happen next. For instance, the person they talk to has a different mindset from them. That is why it created various misunderstandings that could lead to a massive problem. Imagining that people become victims to this kind of justice, where wealth, power and connections take precedence above all other factors, disheartens the public.

On the other hand, there are people who are

“ ‘Nak, dito ka na lang magtrabaho, ‘wag ka nang mang-ibang bansa.”

Brain drain is the migration of individuals, resulting in a country's economic breakdown. The Philippines has been experiencing this phenomenon since the 70’s and has been finding solutions to fight the problem. “Let us reverse the brain drain. Ibalik natin ang galing ng Pilipino sa Pilipinas,” President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. said on his New York visit, encouraging Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW’s) to come back to their homeland. Nowadays, we have been experiencing difficulties in finding jobs, not because there’s a lack of offer, but because of the lack of professionals fit for the specific occupation. Why do Filipinos prefer working overseas? Won’t they find their potential here? They should not consider migrating because of the work and hassle that they will face and cases of fraud are often seen in websites, like hiring for a domestic worker in a vague website.

Filipino workers, especially highly skilled professionals such as physicians, programmers, engineers, nurses, and many more are hesitant to stay and work here mainly be-

cause of the minimum wage they receive monthly. However, since the wages here are not enough to sustain their families' needs, they decided to migrate to a better-off country like Saudi Arabia, the United States, or United Kingdom. The Philippines has been one of the biggest sources of nurses, as they pass the standards of each country and are in high demand. Brain drain has been infiltrating our highly skilled professionals until now but we don’t offer immediate action to prevent them from migrating.

According to Dodani and La Porte, if developing countries provided world-class education and training opportunities, as well as opportunities for career advancements and employment, migration could be reduced. The Philippines, still a developing country, is now finding a technique to convince OFWs to return home. Having a brain drain case in a developing country may be a difficult track as we are rapidly losing a lot of workers and somehow, we convinced them to stay in the country. Since the wage that they receive is not enough to withstand their hunger along with the everyday expenses and fares, what they must do is save money or get a high paying job to prepare for the present or future expenses, instead of migrating to another country. Moreover, brain drain mainly affects

the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors of the economy in a way that includes the internal and external migration of Filipinos. In the way of migration, the jobs that they left for better wages or better futures are at stake because it is losing the workers and the professionals of that job, despite the necessity of those workers in their own country. The Philippines has been nurturing a lot of highly skilled professionals, yet they lose thousands of them every year.

Health Secretary Ted Herbosa plans that government hospitals should hire nurses who had flunked the board exam, is an act of desperation that we are facing the withdrawals of nurses. Although the demand for medical professionals overseas is high, they are still serving the country. The country still needs nurses, yet they choose to go to another country because of low wages and poor management that they receive here. If the medical sector has been desirable for years already, the education, agriculture, economic, and technology sectors will be mostly sought-after by foreign developed countries.

However, the Department Of Finance (DOF) states that the Philippine economy posts higher contrast among major Asian economies, despite the high inflation. Foreign individuals contribute frequently to the Philippine economy, especially to the Gross National Product (GNP) sectors, agriculture, services, and industry. It does not mean that Filipinos overseas cannot provide for our country. Overseas workers are the major contributors when it comes to remittances. They are a large part of a country’s

in favor of this because they believe that they were right about their theories and conclusion about what China is plotting to our country, that war can happen anytime, so we need to be prepared for any disaster that will come. Especially now that China is claiming the West Philippine Sea, which is now becoming a threat to our country. Even if the news says that the two countries already solved the matter in a friendly conversation, it cannot be denied that the heat between both sides can still be noticed.

Nonetheless, many Filipinos, particularly Gen Z, believe that it should not be continued because it would be a waste of effort since it takes a lot of time to finish the whole process of training. Others could not agree more because time is a valuable commodity to us, and in those two years, we can accomplish a lot more than just training. Something we really desire and have passion for.

According to a survey conducted by OCTA Research. The poll, carried out from July 22 to 26, 2023, found that fifty percent of Filipino families, or around 13.2 million households, rated themselves as poor for countless reasons. One of them is the food expenses they spend monthly, especially nowadays that the inflation rate in our country is increasing day by day. In addition, not only is the food expensive, but also the transportation, electricity, oil, and the agricultural commodities. That inflation is not just the people’s problem, but the Philippines itself. The Philippine National Government Debt reached 262.2 billion USD in Nov 2023, compared with 254.5 billion USD in the previous month. Government must understand they do not want to serve not because they do not want to but because they cannot, for many reasons, and they must understand what the difference is.

Like what the government wants to suggest, it should be a voluntary act by the people who are willing, people who are mentally and physically ready, and prepared to do tasks assigned to them. It could be very alarming that there is a country who could colonize us anytime, while we just sit here and do nothing. Nonetheless, there are people who have problems with themselves that they cannot settle yet–personal affairs to deal with such as family problems, academics, and other obstacles in life. Therefore how could they serve? These are the things they cannot bring in the military training. Moreover, it will not be a burden to our academics itself, but also the financial support that comes along with it. Furthermore, violence is so overrated, it slaughters many lives, even the innocents. Violence should not be the only solution everytime a country faces a problem. And just like David Friedman, [U.S. ambassador] said: “The direct use of force is such a poor solution to any problem, it is generally employed only by small children and large nations.”

GNP; without them, we could be suffering a major loss in our economy and losing the benefit of having money. By being abroad, overseas workers produce dollars that may sustain our economic needs and funds that can be used in various sectors.

Brain drain can be as damaging to the country, but it cannot just disappear. Instead of letting it continue its wreck, the government needs to control and stop the causes that have been the reason for this unstoppable phenomenon. They have to increase the professionals’ wages to avoid them from fleeing out of the country. Many professionals have voiced their concerns regarding the Philippines’ wages and their response is, “Ang baba talaga ng sahod ko, hindi kayang buhayin ang pamilya ko nang isang buwan, kaya kailangan kong mag trabaho nang over time.” They do not have a choice but to work twice as hard to support their families and refrain from leaving their homeland.

Plugging the drain can be difficult, but with the solutions provided and implemented by the government, such as paying decent wages for Filipino workers, it can be a reason for them to stay in the country. A progressive solution such as giving high education fitted for the profession and improving resources such as healthcare, housing, and many more. Staying in the country is not an unusual move for a person, but there is no unusual for going out of the country either. Still, it cannot benefit the sovereign more. May they take flight or stay in the country, “If you do what you love, you’ll never work a day in your life”.

Charles Salatambos

Charles Salatambos

GAVEL SHOULDN’T KILL

Hazel Joy Vea

COLUMN

IN THE SHADOWS OF DIAMONDS

Xylene Resha Terminio

Reviving the death penalty in the Philippines has been an argument for a while, but there is nothing to argue about. Although Filipinos have different opinions and point of views toward this topic, most of it leads to one conclusion and that is to not implement this type of punishment in the country, and various reasons are showing itself to support them, but why does it really have to remain unimplemented in the country?

Death penalty is a heavy punishment to be used since some people behind the bars are innocent. Its best example was Carlos Deluna's case, he was a 27-year-old American man who was convicted of murder. Deluna was sentenced to death using the lethal injection by the State of Texas, on December 07, 1989. Unexpectedly, 17 years later (2006), a Chicago Tribune investigation revealed an evidence that Deluna may have been falsely accused, and that is so disappointing. Because of such punishment, a person had to suffer an unacceptable death.

Locally, the Supreme Court in the Philippines said in 2004 that 71.77% of death penalty verdicts handed by lower courts were wrongly accused, and that statistic speaks for itself. The Philippines' justice system obviously has a lot of improvements to develop to provide people with proper implementation of this punishment. Subsequently, the government will be able to prevent the same mistake they made in Deluna's case. It is better if they would just focus more on removing prejudice and discrimination inside the court, especially towards poor and powerless people before working on implementing such punishment.

Furthermore, Filipinos are one of the most religious nations in Asia, as 86% of its population is Roman Catholic. Filipinos are fond of religious beliefs, "No sin is punishable by death" they even say, because killing oneself is an unforgivable sin with the basis of universal law, and it does not matter how brutal a person committed the crime. “Only God has the right to take away someone's life, for only He gave them that,” this is why the death penalty should not have its availability in the country. For instance, it will

not be implemented properly when more than half of the population are against it.

Nonetheless, the government never stopped re-imposing it, for they are hoping that it will deter people from committing heinous crimes resulting in the decreasing number of crimes, therefore, they will be able to provide people with safer and more secured surrounding. It is also a way to lessen the sufferings and the worries of families who were left by victims of such crimes. Moreover, during former President Rodrigo Duterte's term, the death penalty was reintroduced to help fight drug trafficking in the country, unfortunately, it was not approved.

Since it is necessary to weigh things first, their decision of disapproving the former president's reintroduction was actually a great decision, because many people will surely be more affected in a negative way. Death penalty does not just violate human rights; people have the right to live a life free from any torture, cruel, or inhuman treatment/punishment, protected under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It also gives people different levels of trauma, by either having to lose someone so close to them because of sinful misjudgements or observing this same exact scenario from other people. Either way, it would result in severe pain and trauma that is just so hard to bear.

Death penalty gives nothing but a scar that was never seen, and so will never be healed nor forgotten. Taking the life away from people who never committed anything, those who only found themselves on a death row all of a sudden, also means taking the life of their dear families away, who will soon be left with pain, sorrow, and a deep wound. A wound that was gotten not from the sharpest knife, but the bitter end for falsely accused verdicts. These scenarios are what we should avoid above anything and the government plays a significant role in doing that. The government and the authority must focus on improving what we currently have, and not implement such punishment whose result remains uncertain. Therefore life imprisonment, a more humane punishment is still the best option.

DISCIPLINE: FIRMLY VS HARDLY

“If we wouldn't be hard on them, they would never learn!”

This is the usual phrase that we hear from parents especially nowadays, but is it really necessary to promote this type of way of disciplining the younger generations? It is not, discipline is supposed to teach children about matters that they still lack knowledge and needs guidance, but it does not have to go the hard way wherein their physical, mental, and emotional state could be disregarded. There are wider options of teaching children without using violence and they will still learn what they have to, like what sensitive or responsive parents do, and that is what we should promote more.

A study conducted by Save the Children Philippines, a non-governmental organization crusading against child abuse concluded that 65 percent of Filipino children experienced or received spanking or slapping from their parents as a form of punishment and discipline. These types of discipline method is proven by the experts to be the one that is triggering young ones' anxiety in the near future. Children who have experienced corporal punishment in their childhood are the ones who usually experience psychological stress and responses like inferiority complex when they grow up, so instead of

Even diamonds break. The strongest among us fail. While pressure gave them their greatness, its misuse has left us frail. Students need practice to learn, and stormy seas must be weathered. To survive in this world, we need the right blend of passion, purpose, and pressure. But just like too much water will poison and kill you, when you expect too much of the results, without ample support, even your person hood is destined to crumble.

Recently, an instructor from the University of Cebu, Banilad Campus, was fired over a recording of him encouraging his students to commit suicide over low performances. Because we as a society have placed a greater emphasis on mental health, his statement came as a shock to his co-educators and already struggling students. The ever repeating cliché of the pandemic is tiring, but the flaws it revealed and weaknesses it enabled have persisted in our society, looking back three years later. Students are pressured to the point of removing their agency over who they are meant to be. Our culture, especially with our regards to people we perceive as “talented” and “the best among the rest” have their every movement scrutinized, watched, and analyzed down to every single breath. Failure is not an option for these individuals, despite us collectively increasing our preachings of “Nobody’s perfect!” and its endless variations quoted online and off. The change that we are seeking is hampered by our biases and admittedly, short-sightedness over what constitutes “greatness.” We unfairly pressure people to be good, morally correct, and fit inside every approved box that we made for them, without thinking if their real self would object to such an overwhelming perception. We are forcing people to be “perfect,” not “being their best selves.” For us, trying to rise the ranks, or have remained there for a while, the pressure is expected. But, there is a clear line between bringing out their best, and shoving them into flawlessness. And cruel comments like these do nothing but widen the rift between healing and those trying to free themselves from mental suffering. We have taken many steps in the right direction, but our mindset has a long way to go to our final destination.

The volatile views of both sides, student and environment, have contributed to excessive vitriol over many contentious subjects, especially the newly-recognized necessity of mental health. Putting aside our beliefs and personal vendettas, it is troubling to realize that many students,

learning from their mistakes as a kid, they tend to see it as an intimidation, and a threat to their physical and mental well-being.

Moreover, Filipino children do not just experience the use of corporal or physical punishment as a form of discipline, rather they are also subjected to verbal and emotional punishment, such as being scolded, yelled, or worse, humiliated in public; which could really destroy their confidence and self-esteem. These scenarios are what we should avoid the most because for some children, words could leave a deeper wound than any beating could ever do. Also, building oneself's confidence and self-esteem is not easy, and some people would even spend most of their time trying to build it, but destroying it could be done by just a single phrase especially when it was spat out by their parents, who are supposed to be the ones helping them build it.

Globally speaking, 81 percent of parents say that using physical punishment is sometimes appropriate, which is upsetting to know, because this type of punishment could not just result in short-term negative effects that will be resolved upon time, but a long-lasting one that could possibly be passed from one generation to another. In a 1996 study, the researchers reported that children who have experienced corporal punishment are more likely to develop anger issues as an adult, and possibility shows that they may also use spanking as a

form of disciplining their own children, mainly because that is what they experienced growing up, and these scenarios would just turn into a continuous cycle that will never end if not put onto serious action.

Sensitive parents are the ones who mostly understand how effective and significant it is to condemn violence when disciplining kids. Their parenting style is described as heightened parental sensitivity, and responsiveness to child distress, which is good for children. These parents are also the ones who are most likely to form various bonds that will leave great memories on their children, that will help them build their self-esteem. This type of parenting style could also shrink in the gap that could form upon being harsh in disciplining their own flesh, as children tend to feel safer and more secure. In addition, it was proven that parents who use this type of parenting style to their children are the ones most likely to raise a child free from any mental health problems and higher cognitive functioning.

However, an authoritarian style of parenting is said to be the best one yet, because parents who use this type of parenting are more likely to raise an independent child with better decision-making skills. In addition, children's attitudes towards physical punishment varied widely, since not every single child was raised in one household. Those adolescents who had been spanked by their own mothers were more approving of this discipline method, regardless of the overall frequency, timing, or chronicity of physical discipline they had received. Furthermore, various studies indicate that parents who use this type of discipline method believe that it is generally effective and sometimes necessary, especially when things are getting out

especially on the top, proclaimed “cream of the crop” are pressured to surpass everything, even what reality could offer. Technically, responsibilities fall on the person, but a perfect and a cranked up dog-eat-dog mentality for students does not facilitate healthy growth or competition. Results have become the sole basis of performance, instead of another metric that can and will be subjected to the performer’s health and circumstances. Yes, pressure is vital to keep them outside of their comfort zone and grow up as a person, but only expecting the best results without proper encouragement or assessment of the inner chinks of their mentality could damage the person far more than building them up. Just like diamonds fracture, people too, break under unbearable circumstances. According to a 2021 survey by the Department of Education (DepEd), from the 90 schools that they surveyed, 16% of the 8,600 respondents have attempted suicide at least once within the last year. Even factoring in the direct influence of the pandemic, this is a dangerous precedent that must be nipped in the bud, before everything’s too late.

These problems of academic pressure only grow more relevant due to DepEd rushing this current school year, cramming tests, activities, and contests in the restrictive timeframe of two months. DepEd’s shorter year isn’t helping students like me, but if there’s one positive thing about pressure, it’s that this adversity is forcing us to improve, making us work smarter, harder, and faster. There is much nuance to be found in this entire situation. Pressure isn’t inherently good or bad, it’s simply a part of life that we have to acknowledge. But when it piles up, it’s best to step back and send a clear message of compassion. Everyone is going through something, but through persistence and support, we will overcome even the most unfair of adversities.

Diamonds have gone through all of these issues, tenfold. Their very existence is proof of their survivorship from the weight and rage of the world pushing down on it in every direction, for the majority of their life. And in a way, these diamonds are like students. Despite being the hardest material on Earth, they are not unbreakable. Nothing is. No one is. Academic pressure is beneficial to our development as a person, but when it’s too much and applied wrongly, it can fracture the student inside who is supposed to be helped. None of us are perfect. But by emphasizing effort alongside results, we can achieve the status of “perfectly imperfect”—flawed, but always tries their best. In the end, looking back at our life, we can tell where we peaked and where we lost. People can break under pressure, but it is also where we develop.

of hand and their children's attitudes are uncontrollable.

Nonetheless, this type of discipline method should not be tolerated nor endorsed, because it could just result into maltreatment and child abuse regardless of the reasons why they did that, especially among children who are physically and emotionally sensitive. Parents should always keep in mind that their parenting style does not just affect their child's attitudes, but also their way of thinking and seeing various perspectives in the near future. Additionally, it is crucial for them to know that every child has different levels of tolerance to physical and emotional torture caused by their extensive use of the “discipline method”. Just because it worked on other parents does mean that it would also work on another one, because every child is different. Violence brings nothing but harm, may it be used with the pure intention of causing pain to someone, or as a form of discipline or teaching method. Either way it would just result in various negative effects on oneself, like affecting their mental health negatively that could result in psychological stress, subsequently it should be stopped sooner since there are wider options and alternatives to choose from without including the traditional way of teaching children through physical and verbal torture. In addition, parents should keep in mind that their children are no robots who could endure anything and could easily learn everything. At the end of the day, patience is what they need to master the most as parenting requires so much step-by-step teaching and correcting, and that is the best way of learning something that is most likely to stay on their minds, and could be applied to their life in the near future.

Charles Salatambos

Gerome Santos

“

Truth finds A Way,” a quote that says that anybody can find different ways to reveal the righteous truth that must be known. This quote is created by the creators of “The Uncensored Library,” This library being a virtual one that holds a variety of articles; These works came from several countries, mostly those with the oppressive ruling to suppress the right of the people. These texts were hidden away from the public eye since it is deemed as controversial, and burying it under the ‘façade’ of the corrupt authorities who impose themselves as innocent for the sake of their own reputation, fame, and money. But now these articles that were sealed to the public can finally be seen by anybody who wishes to, thanks to this virtual library.

The Uncensored library is not a place you can visit in real life, but it is accessible through a Minecraft server. Minecraft is an online video game whereas players can play with different people online, like an online server or if you prefer to be alone, there is a single-player world for anyone. This game has a close similarity to Lego bricks as you can see that it has components of blocks that are alike. Markus Persson, also known as Notch, is the one who made the game in 2011 in the java programming language. It encourages the creativity of its gamers, letting you play however you like and to let your imagination run wild and rampant.

The Uncensored Library is inspired by neoclassical architecture,

created by Blockworks with the assistance of Reporters without Borders, Mediamonks, and DDB[i]. It can be accessed through their official website or through other sites. Published on March 12, 2020, the same day as the ‘World Day Against Cyber Censorship’ which encourages the people, especially the ones who seek for the truth to get the rights for the freedom of the press. The articles that were inserted in the library are written down in an in-game book item, where it can be read in either its original language or in English. Reaching a sum of 200,000 copies, making it impossible to be eradicated from the whole internet, this was done with the help of a blockchain cloud storage. Compared to the other creations that the people have built, the library still stood out as it is huge and is composed of 12.5 million Minecraft blocks, making it a long project. It took about 24 individuals from 16 countries around the world. Since it is hugely inspired by the neoclassical architectural style, it makes the entire build aesthetically pleasing to the eyes of individuals, it also contributes to the significance of the neoclassical style of our history. Besides from the map booming in visit rates, It also achieved multiple marketing awards—These are commonly known as the cannes gold lions in which they earned three of them, and a clio grand prix. There was also a surge in the donation rate of their website, raising to about 62%, making them gain funds for devel - oping and improv - ing the uncen - sored library.

Nguyen Van Dai, a human rights lawyer and activist from Vietnam, stated in one of the promotional videos that shows the process of ‘The Uncensored Library’: “Freedom of speech is important because we need to inform young people about the real political situation around the world.” With his statement, Enlightening the younger generation could be a big benefit for making them aware and think critically about the events that are unfolding before their eyes—The cruel and oppressive actions of the high-ranking officials that conceals the whole truth from everyone might be overtaken as the spread of the truth becomes vivid to the people, opening their eyes from the deprivation of what they sought to know from the very beginning.

Now, the works of the journalists who have been jailed, exiled, and tortured have been published freely in their Minecraft server without anyone censoring these articles. Despite what had happened to them, they have finally achieved and gained the justice and reputation that was rightfully theirs. The library made an immense impact to not only the younger generations but also to the older generations, to acknowledge and to seek for what is right; seeking the righteous truth with different kinds of ways and a vast variety of options for it to be known nationwide.

Unmasking Truth in Blocks: The Uncensored Library

Have you ever read the story of the monkey and the turtle? The story of a monkey and a turtle who proved to us that greed will lead to one’s downfall. A classic story written by our celebrated national hero, Jose Rizal. Well, what about the story of a young boy talking to the readers about his private parts? You read that right, Lampara Books, a company that publishes children’s story books produced books about a young boy talking about his genitals, “Ako ay May Titi” written by Genaro R. Gojo Cruz. But is such subject matter really appropriate to discuss with kids?

The book is intentionally written for children, with its childish drawings and the narrator being a young boy himself. It talks about how to take care of the penis and what happens to it on a daily basis. It may sound bizarre that a book for kids talks about their genitalia, but it doesn’t show any explicit drawings or anything provocative. After all, it is an educational book with the intent of teaching boys how to take care of their private parts properly.

There’s a female counterpart to this, “Ako ay May Kiki” written by Glenda Oris, Also published by Lampara books. It discusses the same topic but this time it’s about the vagina. The only difference is that this book has pages where it teaches young girls how to properly behave whenever they’re wearing a dress or a skirt to avoid other people from looking. During the latter part, a page tells the readers that the only people who should be looking and touching her genitals would be her and her mother.

PAINTING THE BLANK CANVAS: TALKING TO CHILDREN ABOUT THEIR PRIVATE PARTS

DAVID JOSEPH ESPAÑOL

The books are commendable for discussing children’s sexual organs in a non-vulgar or lewd way. Many might laugh when seeing these books for the first time, and that might be an initial response. Except it should not be, because it talks about proper hygiene and caring for your genitals as much as you take care of your feet, knees, shoulders and head.

Many parents use different euphemisms when talking about genitals in order to preserve their child’s innocence. Children will lose their innocence eventually once they come of age. That is the time to finally talk to them about sex and reproduction and to teach young girls what to do during their monthly period

It shouldn not be a taboo since it is solely for their health.

At what age is it really appropriate to talk to children about their private parts? but talking about actual sexual intercourse and what possible things might happen to our body before and after having sex should start alongside puberty. Sex Education is something that is currently debated on whether or not we should be teaching teenagers about sex. It will be helpful for us since we are at the age of sexual curiosity or the age where our “body starts to think” about sexual intercourse. SexEd should talk about protection, prevention, and outcomes of having sex.

It is not something to laugh about since it is natural for us to feel and think that way.

Lampara also has a book about something more graphic, human trafficking. “Niña Inocente” written by Augie Rivera. It tells the story of a young girl who was manipulated into child pornography by a stranger who promised to give her a prize in return. As an innocent little girl, Little Niña is unaware that what she did was illegal. This subject may be dark, especially to young children who are clueless about what’s happening in the outside world, however we still cannot conceal the fact that it happens.

These books by Lampara cross the boundary of what we think is appropriate for children. Even so, it is also good to start talking to them about their bodies and what happens around the world while of course keeping it child-friendly to maintain a healthy young mind. May these books also be a reminder that things that tickle the funny bone are not always something unserious or just there for laughs, rather, it is a great combination of humor and education.

ELIYANA STO. TOMAS

CANVA

CANVA

AMYGDALA

MICAELLA MAE HERNANDEZ

In a startling turn of events, the historical landscape has been shaken by the unearthing of fragments believed to be part of the brain of the Philippines’ national hero, Jose Rizal. In the annals of Philippine history, one name stands as a towering beacon of inspiration and resistance – Jose Rizal. Through his multifaceted contributions, Rizal emerged as a transformative figure, leaving an indelible mark on the Philippines’ journey towards independence. This discovery, which promises to shed new light on the revered figure’s life and death, has captivated historians and ignited discussions about the implications of such findings.

At the core of Rizal’s contribution lies his unparalleled literary prowess. His novels, “Noli Me Tangere” and “El Filibusterismo,” served as powerful exposés of the social injustices prevalent during the Spanish colonial era. With a keen understanding of the written word’s potential for inciting change, Rizal used literature as a weapon to awaken the Filipino consciousness, planting the seeds of nationalism that would later blossom into a fervent desire for freedom.

Beyond the written word, Rizal was an advocate for education as a catalyst for national awakening. Recognizing the transformative power of knowledge, he emphasized the importance of education in shaping the minds of Filipinos. Rizal himself was a polymath, excelling in various fields such as medicine, literature, and the sciences. His educational philosophy emphasized the cultivation of critical thinking, encouraging Filipinos to question the status quo and envision a brighter future.

Rizal’s commitment to education extended to his role as a teacher. During his exile in Dapitan, he established a school that not only imparted academic knowledge but also instilled values of civic responsibility and moral uprightness. His influence as an educator reverberates through generations, shaping the intellectual and ethical foundation of Filipino society.

The tale begins with a team of archaeologists and historians embarking on an ambitious excavation project at the Bagumbayan Light and Sound Museum, where Rizal was executed on December 30, 1896. The site, steeped in history and shrouded in controversy, has long been a focal point for those seeking to unravel the mysteries surrounding Rizal’s demise.

The excavation yielded a trove of artifacts, including skeletal remains and personal effects believed to belong to Rizal. Among the most extraordinary finds were minute fragments identified as potential components of his brain. Initial skepticism gave way to cautious excitement as experts began subjecting the fragments to rigorous analysis.

Forensic specialists, armed with cutting-edge technology, meticulously examined the fragments, aiming to verify their authenticity and gain insights into Rizal’s mental faculties. The process involved DNA testing, carbon dating, and advanced imaging techniques, revealing a fascinating glimpse into the physiological aspects of the national hero’s brain.

As the scientific community eagerly awaits the conclusive results, historians are quick to point out the potential implications of this discovery. Rizal, celebrated for his intellectual dexterity and revolutionary spirit, left a lasting impression on Philippine history. The prospect of studying his brain fragments opens avenues for understanding the cognitive dimensions that fueled his literary masterpieces and fueled his passion for independence.

Moreover, the discovery prompts a reassessment of historical narratives surrounding Rizal’s execution. Conspiracies and theories have long swirled around the events leading up to that fateful day. The newfound brain fragments provide a tangible link to the past, potentially corroborating or challenging existing accounts of Rizal’s final moments.

The ethical dimensions of such a discovery also come to the forefront. As the scientific community grapples with the responsibility of handling human remains, questions arise about the proper treatment of Rizal’s legacy. Should these fragments be displayed for public scrutiny, or should they be respectfully preserved, allowing only scholars and researchers access?

The implications extend beyond the academic realm, stirring emotions among the Filipino populace. Rizal remains a symbol of resilience and national identity, and the revelation of his brain fragments adds an intimate layer to the nation’s connection with its hero.

In conclusion, the discovery of Jose Rizal’s brain fragments stands as a pivotal moment in the intersection of science, history, and culture. As the fragments undergo further scrutiny, their potential to reshape our understanding of Rizal’s life and death is immense. The unfolding narrative invites us to contemplate not only the scientific significance of the find but also the profound impact it may have on the way we perceive and honor one.

BODA ROMANA, VISTE LA LUZ

DAVID JOSEPH ESPAÑOL

When you hear the name “Juan Luna”, what comes to your mind? Probably his most famous work, Spoliarium. Which is displayed at the national museum of fine arts. It won a gold medal at the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in Madrid, Spain back in 1884. The artwork elevated Luna’s career. But what you might not know is that he also has another award winning artwork. Hymen, Oh Hyménée. The considered “holy grail’ of Philippine Art. It wasn’t seen by the public since 1889, but now, it has seen the light of day since it was displayed at the Ayala Museum in 2023.

Hymen, Oh Hyménée, also known as “Boda Romana” is a painting by Filipino artist and political activist, Juan Luna. It depicts an ancient roman wedding from Luna’s imagination. It shows a magnificent bridal party with flowers scattered on the floor and symbolic animals such as sheep and a tiny turtle on the corner of the platform. The name is inspired by an old wedding chant written by the roman poet Catullus. It is an invocation to the god Hymen, the greek god of marriage. Luna’s wife, Paz Pardo de Tavera is also subtly included in the artwork, The bride in the painting who is wearing a veil and looks confused and distress is said to resemble de Tavera. The painting is very intimate and personal to Luna. It was also said that it’s his personal favorite.

The artwork won a bronze medal at the Exposition Universalle in Paris in 1889. It hasn’t been in the Philippines since Luna painted it while on his honeymoon in Venice in 1886. It was dubbed as “the holy grail of Philippine art” since the only proof of its existence were its lithographs and pictures of it from Juan Luna’s art studio. But now, it is on the hands of Leon Gallery, founder Jaime Ponce De Leon. He and other collectors, spent years searching for the lost artwork until it was finally bought by De Leon in 2023. The first person to tip De Leon about the painting was Dr. Eleuterio “Teyet” Pascual, who said he saw it personally with his own eyes while attending a party. Though Pascual never disclosed the identity of the once owner of Hymen, Oh Hyménée, the story he told De Leon helped with the search for the lost masterpiece.

There are many theories surrounding the disappearance of Hymen, Oh Hyménée. One is that it was burned by Paz Pardo de Tavera’s family after Luna killed Paz and her mother in a heated argument after Luna accused Paz of infidelity. Another one suggests that it was destroyed during the war. Yet another theory suggested that it was sold into a French Museum. Now it’s in the Philippines, it can be considered as our very own Mona Lisa because of the similar story of returning a lost artwork.

But who exactly is Juan Luna? Juan Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta was a Filipino painter, sculptor and revolutionist. He is the brother of General Antonio Luna. He was born in October 23, 1857 in Badoc, Ilocos Norte and died of a heart attack in Hong Kong in December 7 of 1899. He painted the famous ‘Spoliarium’, an oil on canvas painting depicting fallen gladiators being dragged on the floor of the supposed “Spoliarium”. This artwork was said to have sparked the Philippine Revolution. One of his celebrated pieces was The Death of Cleopatra which shows the scene of the Pharaoh, it also won a silver prize in Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes, alongside Spoliarium that won gold. More of his famous works are Portrait of a Lady (a painting of his wife), La Bulaqueña, The Parisian Life, and of course the treasured Hymen, Oh Hyménée.

Historian, Ambeth Ocampo said that Luna is an inspiration for Filipinos to become better, “Ang ginawa ni Luna noong panahon na iyon parang si Lea Salonga ngayon na kumakanta sa west end at saka sa broadway, si Manny Pacquiao sa boxing, si Hidilyn Diaz nagdala ng medalyang ginto sa Olympics” He also added that “Luna is an inspiration to us to become better than [what] we are”. Juan Luna is a beacon of hope not only to the Filipinos back then who fought for liberty, but also to us who are currently facing oppression and fighting for the rights of our own people and land.

"Oceans separate lands, not souls." – Munia

Khan

This is how some people feel when they're separated from the people they love. Whether they might be couples or family members, the feeling of longing for someone can’t be easily washed away from us. Many Filipinos sadly have to endure this feeling since their family members work abroad. So close where you feel like you can hug them through a video call, but cannot because of the distance between them. As a child of an OFW myself, I would like to give each and every OFW a pat on their back for serving our country, and to their families for enduring the absence of their beloved.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) there are currently 1.83 million Filipinos working overseas. These Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) work abroad in order to sustain the needs of their families. The primary reason why there are OFWs is because other countries have better pay for their workers. And the lack of favorable job opportunities in the Philippines adds to why Filipinos work in other countries since there are more jobs being offered internationally. This is beneficial to their families and to the nation's economy. Since the 1980's, OFWs help the Philippines' economy through their remittance every year which makes up 8.9% of the Philippines' Gross Domestic Product (GDP). And as the families receive money, so does the country.

But what exactly do these modern day heroes go through? Being away from the people you hold dear to your heart is already tough enough but it's just actually a fraction of what they're experiencing.

Culture Shock, moving to a different country can be very stressful since other country’s traditions are something new to you, there’s a feeling of alienation because you don’t know anybody in this foreign land. It can be hard to adjust to the culture that the people are accustomed to but overtime OFWs manage to live comfortably abroad. Since we are the only nation that speaks Tagalog and other local dialects primarily, there is a language barrier

GLIMPSE THROUGH THE EYES OF A HERO

between the OFWs and the locals. It can be difficult for someone who can help you manage in another country. That's why most OFWs are closer to each other than they are with the locals. Going overseas will make you miss a lot of things. Not just your loved ones but also your home country, the people, the traditions, and of course, the food. Every Filipino will miss the aroma and taste of an authentic home-cooked ulam.

Discrimination? Yes! Unfortunately, this is a problem for our countrymen overseas. They are seen as inferior which leads to very horrific hate-crimes and abuse. Sadly, there have been various cases of domestic helpers being physically abused, harrassed, raped, and even killed. They have nobody to help them in their employer’s homes so they are left defenseless until they finally succumb to the brutal treatment of their employer. Luckily, there’s a law protecting the OFWs. The Migrant Workers Act of 1995 (RA 8042) is a law that protects and promotes the welfare of migrant workers and their families. Not only them, but also Filipinos who are in distress overseas. But what are the positive sides of working abroad? As mentioned before, OFWs help our country’s economy, but other than that, they provide more benefits. Naturally, the main reason is sus- taining their fami- ly’s essentials

they felt at-home there or they have families and decided to migrate. Living overseas is luxury to other people and who wouldn’t want a life that is dreamed of by others. But migration isn’t the only reason why OFWs don’t come home, other reasons such as the three letters that every OFW is afraid of, TNT. What is it and why is it risky to be one?

TNT, which stands for “Tago Nang Tago”, is a term that refers to OFWs who are hiding from the authorities. Either because their visa has expired, they illegally migrated, or they overstayed. Why does this happen? Normally because they’re too scared to come home because of unemployment and they can’t provide for their families financially. And some people just overstay just for the sake of living in another country without processing the legal paperwork for migration. This is dangerous because they have a high chance of being penalized overseas. this may lead to deportation, imprisonment, or worse, getting banned overseas. Not only is this a problem for the TNT themselves but also for the Philippine government who has to deal with the repatriation on top of the many governmental crises the Philippines already has.

Many nursing students dream of becoming a USRN (United States Registered Nurse) because of the high salary, making ₱50k/₱350k a month, and the astonishing credentials for nurses. OFWs also showcase our culture in other countries, like Filipino chefs owning restaurants abroad that serve Filipino dishes for locals to try. And they continue to raise our banner making our country known. However not all OFWs return to the Philippines. Some of them chose to stay abroad, either

Considering all this, being an OFW is not a job for the weak. The hassle of having to adapt to a new country and being away from your family is just too much to handle. But these remarkable people also make dreams come true, not only for them but also for their family. And as a child of an OFW, just know that distance will not break the unconditional love that your family has for you, whether they are overseas or just beside you.

"Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan."

(He who does not know how to look back at where he came from will never reach his destination.)This phrase is well-known and was coined by Dr. Jose Rizal to encourage everyone to consider the things or people in their past who have helped them. "Utang na Loob" is a Filipino core value translated as "debt of gratitude." It is the act of "pagmamalasakit sa kapwa," or giving someone a helping hand, whether you choose to give it or someone asks for it. Being in debt to someone can have both positive and negative consequences. This establishes a connection, as well as a sense of gratitude and appreciation towards the person who aided us. Being in someone's debt can foster a stronger bond, creating an opportunity for them to be part of our support system, providing guidance and support during challenging times. But how can we repay kindness that we didn't ask for?

In contemporary Filipino society, an issue of utmost concern pertains to the

Most teens nowadays yearn to experience ʼhigh school love,ʼ wherein they get pursued and courted by someone dashing; enough to knock the air out of their lungs. The thrill of wanting to see that one familiar face in every turn you take, and the adrenaline that runs along with the raising heartbeats whenever that special someone is near, deluded in these daydreaming scenarios, ʼcrushesʼ are developed.

misconceptions surrounding a significant core value deeply ingrained within the fabric of Filipino culture. This particular subject matter has become a contentious topic during every family reunion or gathering, such as when a relative requests something beyond your means, and then plays the 'wala kang utang na loob' card simply because you have received assistance from them in the past.

In Filipino thinking, utang na loob is a lifetime obligation, it's unpayable. But, in the American way of thinking utang na loob is payable, all you have to do is give back or equalize someone for what they've done. Because of misinterpretation, it could affect our relationships with one another. You serving as your parents' retirement plan is an example of this. You must take care of them or make up for the sacrifices they made while you were a child. But you are not obliged to sacrifice or pay for the things they make or give you because, first of all, it is their responsibility to provide you with food, clothes, and education. Due to our indebtedness or lack of autonomy in decision-making, the misuse of 'utang na loob' can potentially influence our

personal choices. For instance, if our parents are unable to afford our education expenses, a relative might step in to assist, but they may then dictate our choice of college major as they are the ones funding it. This becomes our sole means of reciprocating their support. People's use of appreciation has also been misused since they have a responsibility to comply with demands or requests even when they don't want to because they are aware that the person did something to help them. You get asked to do a favor by a friend out of the blue, and even though you don't want to, he forces you. He assumed that since he had already helped you, you would return the favor by taking responsibility for you, so he didn't ask if you would be able to assist him.

On a final note, the concept of "utang na loob" is often viewed as a long-lasting commitment. However, it is important to take into account individual autonomy and the pursuit of personal ambitions. By showing gratitude and recognition for the assistance received, one demonstrates appreciation. Nevertheless, it is crucial to find a middle ground between expressing gratitude and maintaining personal freedom. Unceasingly fulfilling the expectations of others can hinder individuals from pursuing their own aspirations. While expressing gratitude is important, it should not overshadow one's personal journey towards self-realization. We should strive to strike a balance between fulfilling our obligations and honoring ourselves.

The Cracked Sculpture of Cupid

Marion Lacasad

Canva

Does it not just make you feel warm and fuzzy, thinking about that person so dearly? Coffee dates, museum dates, shopping dates, whatever may occur in your time with each other, it would not matter. After all, you are with your ideal person. Someone who is soft spoken, gentle in all ways, and clingy just to your liking. But this formation of traits can be your downfall, because most of the time, people do not live up to other’s ideas of them.

People form an idea of a specific someone, oftentimes a crush; but not always. This delusional formation of a façade is the main reason why others “fall in love.” Mainly involving their likeable traits, without the other sides of the said person and proceed to get shocked when

they learn that they are not as sweet as a strawberry candy or as gentle as a rabbit.

Love at first sight trope is truly the most romantic type of way to fall for someone. We tend to be confused when it comes to what we feel, because everything happens in the blink of an eye. One day, we will feel over and above cloud 9, and the other, we feel like we are on a trial to hell. But can we really call it ʼloveʼ? when you have only seen a fraction of what makes that person up? Maybe that is just your infatuation taking over instead of the stronger word.

Overtime, our feelings of wanting to dote on them can regress into something creepy for the other person. You will feel fond of and want to care for them, and eventually, they will be the center of your world. It might seem like a great idea at first glance, but it is

scary especially if you are completely unknown to that person. Imagine someone memorizing your daily schedule, your go-to places, things you like and dislike, down to the scent you use. It is uncomfortable to know that someone obsesses over you, especially if you have never interacted on a more personal level. However, for the former, the eye contacts and the brushes of your skins whenever you pass each other is enough to make them conclude that this is fate. Talking about group work? It is destiny who is bringing you closer. You glance at them while reporting? Your report is directed towards them. That is how it goes on inside their head, unreasonable, invalid, and delusional. These emotions can lead to an unhealthy set of phases in your life, thus, differentiating the two should be taken seriously in order to prevent accidental love

bombing. When you are infatuated with someone, you tend to feel tense when they are near, you are likely panicking mentally because of how close you are to them, and you only know their physical traits. However, when you are in love, you feel comfortable with their presence, you are happy they are there, and you form a deep bond from being friends. We cannot have everything we want, and some things just do not go the way we want them to. We need someone to humble us down when we are going too far with the delusional scenarios for every interaction, ʼcause our ʼdeluluʼ will not always be the ʼtrululu.ʼ The object of your admiration can treat everyone the same, and you are making assumptions on how he may be in love with you, that is so uncalled for. Our friends should be the first ones to make us swallow the hard pill called truth, going with the flow of your unhealthy fantasy may eventually lead us to have a breakdown upon finding out that the person you like is not the one in your head. Let us be more in touch with reality and live in a sane path instead of taking the other.

Eizha Asis

Charles Salatambos

David Joseph Español

Charles Salatambos

Phrase Against The World

"You are incapable. There is nothing you can do about it," that is what most of us think whenever our lives hit rock bottom. A point where the sun, our only ray of hope, fails to exhibit its gleam. But one thing is certain, people; in our doubtful days and darkest nights, leave the worries behind, Batman is right on sight!

"Bahala na si Batman" or "Bahala na" reflects the Christian belief about the imposition of divine power or will on our lives. Therefore, our difficulties can only be solved through divine intervention. It indicates to us that something, or a particular circumstance is unmanageable for an average person to handle, which leaves us no choice but to entrust ourselves to the capable ones such as Bathala or Filipinos' own variation of God.

So how does this two-word

phrase work its magic? It can be painted in a good or bad light depending on how one applies it in their situation. Positively, it pushes us to take risks despite uncertainties along the way. Instead of worrying about how it will go, try giving it a shot first or regrets will haunt you for the rest of your life.

As finished as it may seem, our hero's duty does not end here. This phrase is also used as a way of hoping for a good outcome after exerting our effort to win the path we have chosen. It also shows how strongwilled we are by being resilient to the potential failures while giving it our all and letting Bathala do the rest.

Regardless of its use, whenever we become hesitant to follow through to our hearts content, there are still downsides which forces us out of our tracks. Rather than pushing us to step out of our comfort

zones, it is restricting ourselves in the starting line which prevents our will to make any progress at all.

Yes, it does set our worries aside, however, this also tolerates our irresponsibility to the activities or even the career we have sworn to be passionate about. This makes us unfazed by the consequences ahead of us, which will render us lazy to even make up for our shortcomings. You see, nothing is more depressing than seeing ourselves as the same person as we used to be.

With that in mind, "Bahala na" just seems to be a complete declaration of surrender in life. It is like confronting Bathala to let him do all the work, while you did not even try to glance at the problem in front of you. But is “Bahala na” attitude enough to end our hurdles? Definitely not.

Batman could not sweep all the criminalities in his hometown

“Everyone thinks that we're perfect, please don't let them look through the curtains”

- Melanie Martinez, “Dollhouse.”

Family is the one who helps, support, and lends a helping hand in time of need. Everyone, mostly children, deserves that happy and loving experience. However, sometimes their “sweet” side is like a facade that we are blind to or have simply grown into. Having the mindset that itʼs “normal” for our parents to teach us to just obey them without second thoughts. as a result, some became rebels, faced mental health issues, and had a hard time getting close with family members.

According to Modern Parenting, the “discipline” a child receives in a Filipino household are: pinching, spanking, and many more. Those methods of punishment can only lead the children to obey out of fear. Although, the “Batang 90ʼs” disagrees as they are immune to it, meaning, they think that the “traditional punishment” does no harm to the childʼs mental health as they have already encountered it. Instead, they label those who are suffering mentally, especially when they are a teenager, “Overacting” or “OA,” invalidating others’ feelings to voice out their opinions.

Invalidation often occurs when they hear you complain or when you try to open things that you are experiencing. Consoling

you with their angel-like aura, their intentions are to help you but they will say things a num ber of us wouldn't like, “You are still a child . If I were you, I would do this. I have more prob lems than you have....”

alone; even Bathala could not totally aid all of those who are in need. But this isn't about giving up just because a bigger figure could not even carry out their own duties completely. It is about helping ourselves as well. They have done their part by letting us entrust our faith to them or by clearing our doubts with them and that is it, nothing else is in the book. It is time for us to do our part as well, rather than making them do hard labor. Compared to them, we have control in our own lives, particularly on what path we are willing to take and be committed to. They are just stepping stones guiding us towards success, and we are the ones who are aiming for it. Entrusting them with our faith is not a bad thing, but choose to be your own Batman instead. Not of DC, but of your own story.

and “You are using your cellphone everyday so you think you have anxiety,” for them, those words are meant to comfort and motivate you, even so, not everyone has the same understanding, and there are actions that are tolerated. Favoritism is preferring someone in a group and it is present in every family. The treatment is just different and can make you feel like everything you do is just not enough for them to notice or even pay attention to you,

always your they would even compare you to your siblings or cousins they favored, stating “why can not you ” this would lower your confidence, and can affect you mentally. Several signs/symptoms of mental illness according to Dbhutah.org

are the following; changes in personality and emotion, and increased isolation. Childhood experiences are the foundation to everything a person does in everyday life, your trauma contributes to your sanity. One of the factors that causes a person to have mental health complications is the unhealthy and toxic surrounding that will result in that person escaping that environment. Social separation means you are cutting off connection, trying to avoid your family ASAP like skipping dinners with them, going home late, just staying in your room, or your jolly behavior faded; these behaviors fall on the “changes in personality and emotion” category. Avoiding or isolating is common in teenagers. Running away from their problems is one of the solutions they think of, but actually, it is making them worse. Ways like this are also frequent in several adults. There are many methods of parenting, some are effective and some are not, the traditions they were nurtured in, how they were raised our parents are trying to apply them seeing that all of them just want the best for us. However, them wanting whatʼs best for us is making them toxic, the things they do invisibly are ripping us apart. We thought of family as our comfort yet how can we call it comfort if we can’t find it in them?“Masking how you feel doesn’t make things get better”, what we need is a listener, not a judger the one that you can rant about all of your burdens without hearing harsh opinions, a shoulder to cry on that can always be there in a pinch. Remember, you are not alone, there are people like you that are going through the same thing, coping with it is tough but you will manage to get through it, all of the weight you’re carrying will disappear one by one. not today, but maybe someday.

STRIKING EXPECTATIONS WITH REALITY: THE ROMANTICIZATION OF POVERTY

STRIKING EXPECTATIONS WITH REALITY: THE ROMANTICIZATION OF POVERTY

“Aworld where nearly one out of every ten people lives in abject poverty is not a just world. It dooms generations to an existence that no one should be willing to tolerate. Addressing the challenge of extreme poverty can make the world a better, safer place. I encourage you to read the report and learn what the global community must do to restore growth,” stated Indermit Gill, chief economist and part of the World Bank Group, specifically in development economics.

The quote that Indermit Gill has said shows how poverty makes the generations live an uncomfortable life. The majority is encouraged to understand and acknowledge the challenges that come with penury. Conforming to these issues without an effort to change can only bring more misfortune to a person for generations to come.

Poverty has been going on for centuries, even back when royalties and hierarchies were in line for power. even then, the poor has always been discriminated, even to this day. Times may have changed, but the people did not in the slightest, as this mentality still lingers. With the way the rich still look down upon the lowest of the lower class, deeming the lifestyle of the pauper as the “simple” and “happy” person they are presented in society.

Along with the increase in the inflation rate after the COVID-19 pandemic, it became a huge issue for people

in the low-

Eliyana Sto. Tomas

er class, resulting in low purchasing power as well as being unable to mend for their necessities because of the rise in prices.

According to one of the surveys that Social Weather Station (SWS) conducted, statistics showed the estimated number of families in the Philippines that considered themselves as poor are around 13.2 million. It means that almost one-eight percent of the 119.1 million population of the Philippines has stated that they classified themselves as poor. Nowadays, social media portrays the people among the population who experience poverty, as an aesthetic or for their entertainment, especially in movies, represented as ‘carefree’ without acknowledging the struggles that they face on a daily basis. Just like when a contestant in the “Rampanalo’’ segment in the noontime show “It’s showtime” said that he is fine with being poor even if he and his family only eat once or twice a day, and he even said, “Masarap mabuhay bilang mahirap,” which irked Vice Ganda, the host of the show. Later on, Vice Ganda asked that if the contestant was given a chance to become rich once in his life, would he take it? As someone who came from poverty themselves, Vice had to educate him and said, “Kaya ‘wag mong sasabihing, ‘Okay, masarap

Maling mentality, ha. Mali ang mentality na mahalin natin ang pagiging mahirap dahil hindi. Maraming pagkakataon sa buhay natin na hirap na hirap tayo dahil sa kondisyon ng ating pamumuhay.” it shows how some people have this kind of mentality, belittling themselves due to their hardships in life.

The ideology of the rich contradicts the reality of the obstacles that the lower class experiences in their daily lives and how they always tell the poor that “money isn’t everything,” but in reality, it is. Considering how important the value of these bills is to our economy in order for us to prosper, The wealthy mostly view the majority of the underprivileged as "lazy,” when in reality these people work from dawn to dusk; some even have two or more jobs just to provide for their families. Meanwhile, the higher class doesn’t need to work for long hours just to gain money, since most of them have ‘generational wealth’ that comes from their inheritance and the income from the businesses that they established.

The glorification of poverty can also stem from the community amongst themselves as well, due to the social hierarchies and judgemental community that we live in, it can greatly influence how they think, resulting in these ideologies. We can see this in the contestant from “Rampanalo” in ‘its showtime’ and how they show this kind of mindset.

It is a harsh reality for everyone that they are unable to crawl out of poverty, despite the efforts they display, especially those working two to three jobs from early in the morning to late at night. It is definitely unfair for them. The struggles they face really aren’t for show and shouldn't be mocked or gawked at, because in the real world, most of them are probably struggling right now with starvation or fatigue just to survive in this cruel world that we are born in.

Gerome Santos

Charles Donato

Charles Salatambos

Charles Salatambos

maging mahirap.’ Kasi hindi totoo ‘yan. Mali ‘yun, mali.

death of the fourth horsemen

The COVID-19 virus has been a huge slap to all of us upon entering the year 2020. There was a little commotion here and there about a so-called virus spreading around in Wuhan, China, but none of us really paid attention. Maybe it was a fluke, or perhaps it was an exaggeration of the real situation. What is this? Some kind of prank? Surely, it's not the end of the world, and it can't be an apocalypse either. It was pushed aside as some sick, twisted joke and was mostly ignored until the very day when it became too big to belittle.

By then, everything was too late to actually say "prevention is better than cure," because the next thing we knew, cities and provinces were put under lockdown, schools and establishments were closing, and hospitals were quickly filling up with COVID-infected patients. The world literally turned upside down and we've been there through it all. It definitely wasn't a good sight. Now that the damage has been done, instead of crying over spilled milk and dreading the what-ifs, why don't we learn to avoid the pandemic altogether? Well, for one.. was that even possible?

PANDEMICS THROUGH THE YEARS

According to history, there have been 249 pandemics, starting from 1,200 BC up until today. The bubonic plague, for one, is the most notorious and deadly out there. It made its first pandemic appearance in the 14th century with the Black Death, but it reappeared in London in 1665 with the Great Plague of London, which killed 20% of the city's population. Thousands of cats and dogs, who were thought to be the source of the problem, were killed since the death toll was so high that mass graves started to surface. The overall number of deaths recorded from this plague ranges from 75 to 200 million, making it the most fatal pandemic in human history. In 1666, the plague finally started to subside.

Then, there’s Influenza, the most severe pandemic in recent memory. was. It was brought on by an H1N1 virus with avian genes. Although the origin of the virus is a subject of debate, it spread globally between 1918 and 1919. It was originally discovered by military soldiers in the US in the spring of 1918. One-third of the world’s population, or roughly 500 million people, is thought to have contracted this virus. At least 50 million deaths were thought to have occurred globally, with 675,000 of those deaths taking place in the United States. Younger than 5-year-olds, those in their 20s to 40s, and those 65 and above had higher mortality rates for this virus.

Who would forget the most controversial of them all? The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that targets immune system cells, making an individual more susceptible to various illnesses and infections. It is shared through sharing injection equipment or through direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected individual, most frequently during

unprotected sex Prevention is better than cure.

Now, you may be thinking that the whole idea of avoiding and preventing a pandemic seems like a lost cause, a mission impossible, but it isn’t. The World Health Organization is actually already taking action to lay out plans and strategies as to how the world will avoid re-emerging viruses like yellow fever and cholera and put a stop to newly arising viruses that have a high chance of becoming pandemics if not given early intervention.

If we can’t prevent it, we should at least be prepared for the worst. The Constitution, Article 11, Section 15, introduced by the late Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago, provides that, “the State shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them.” A “public health emergency” is defined as an occurrence or imminent threat of an illness or health condition, caused by bioterrorism, epidemic or pandemic disease, or a novel and highly fatal infectious agent or biological toxin, that possess a substantial risk of a significant number of human facilities or

Iincidents or permanent or longterm disability (WHO/DCD, 2001) It was sad and demeaning that this bill was rejected and did not make it through Congress for several reasons.

Given that the MERS-COV coronavirus strain, which was deadlier than the 2002 SARS outbreak, could cause unthinkable mayhem if it were to spread in the Philippines, the late senator believed it was important to develop and file the measure. Santiago's proposal, according to the senate’s official website aims to "strengthen national response and preparedness for public health emergencies, such as those that result from natural disasters and severe weather, recent outbreaks and pandemics, bioterrorism, mass casualties, chemical emergencies, and radiation emergencies." The problems we currently face would have been resolved if only the Senate had considered her idea and thought things through more.

We cannot see into the future; we don't know when another pandemic will occur again or where it will lead us, but what we can do is never commit the same mistakes we did in the last pandemics we faced. Know your facts, people. Not everything we see on the internet is the truth. It is best to differentiate reality from misinformation unless we want to risk yet another pandemic spreading like wildfire because of fake news. Is preventing a pandemic impossible? No. Is it hard to do so? Yes, but with enough perseverance and help from everyone, I think we can make it through just fine.

BOUND OF THE BYLINE REVOLUTION OR A RISK

n the ever-evolving realm of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a formidable player in news reporting. The notion of AI potentially supplanting human journalists in crafting news articles has sparked discussions on efficiency, impartiality, and the trajectory of journalism.

AI, short for artificial intelligence, encompasses the creation of computer systems capable of undertaking tasks traditionally requiring human intelligence. These systems emulate human cognitive functions, adapting to new information, and can operate autonomously or assist humans across diverse tasks, aiming to enhance efficiency and address intricate problems. In the context of AI-driven journalism, it swiftly processes vast amounts

of information in real-time, facilitating prompt news article generation. However, it grapples with the absence of intuition, empathy, and contextual understanding, potentially sacrificing nuance and subjective interpretation, especially in urgent news scenarios. This prompts a consideration of the potentials, challenges, and ethical implications surrounding AI’s role as a substitute for conventional journalists in news writing.

AI algorithms proficiently analyze and interpret data, enriching news stories with profound insights and trends. Nevertheless, their impartiality is contingent on the biases within the training data, with the risk of perpetuating or amplifying those biases in AI-generated news, underscoring the significant challenge of ensuring fairness and impartiality. Operating 24/7, AI systems offer global coverage, resulting in more exhaustive and timely news dissemination.

However, the widespread adoption of AI could potentially displace jobs in traditional journalism, underscoring the need for a delicate equilibrium between AI efficiency and human employment. AI’s ability to translate news into multiple languages enhances global accessibility and cross-cultural understanding, yet maintaining public trust in AI-generated news remains a complex challenge, especially when establishing accountability for errors or misinformation.

The integration of AI into news reporting marks a paradigm shift with both advantag- es and drawbacks. While AI enhances productivity, speed, and global accessibili- ty, careful consideration is imperative due to po- tential biases, the absence of human intuition, and ethical concerns.

Shaping a future where AI and human journalists coexist to deliver accurate, balanced, and insightful news coverage demands striking a delicate balance that maximizes AI’s strengths while preserving the unique contributions of human journalists.

Micaella Mae Hernandez

Jana Abigail Rivera

Charles Salatambos

Charles Salatambos

REACHING BEYOND SKIES

HClint Jeish Agustin

Charles Salatambos

ave you ever wondered what the tallest tree is reaching beyond the skies? Researchers recently unveiled Asia’s tallest tree, an enormous Cypress standing at an impressive height of 102.3 meters, making it the second tallest tree globally. Discovered in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon, China, this towering tree surpasses even the Statue of Liberty, standing at 305 feet. Peking University researchers found it as part of a conservation project focused on preserving Tibet Autonomous Region’s flora and fauna.

Known as the Himalayan cypress, this majestic tree outshines previous records for the tallest tree in Asia, surpassing Menara in Malaysia, which stood at 332 feet. Using advanced technology, including drones, 3D laser scanners, and lidar, researchers mapped and confirmed the cypress’s height.

They believe it may be the world’s second tallest tree, trailing behind Hyperion, a 381-foot coastal redwood in California.

These giant trees, though rare, play an “irreplaceable role” in ecosystem, offering ideal microclimates for endangered plants and animals.

Scientists, amid increasing threats like climate change and development in Tibet, aim to document the region’s biodiversity by recording these tall trees.

Cypress trees significantly contribute to carbon sequestration, aiding in climate change mitigation, and preserving their ecosystem maintains biodiversity.

Responsibly managing these trees ensures a sustainable supply of cypress wood for construction and other industries.

The loss of cypress trees could have profound ecological consequences, impacting water quality, disrupting ecosystems, and affecting communities dependent on these resources. Preserving these majestic trees is crucial for the overall health of ecosystems and striking a balance between human needs and ecological preservation.

Micaella Mae G. Hernandez

“Some

infinities are bigger than other infinities."

—John Green. The Milky Way is blessed with hundreds of billions of stars. Our galaxy bores at least three solar masses of stars each year, which equates to the mass of three suns. If you think about it, it may not seem as significant in amount; after all, that's just three suns, right? However, when converted to counting numbers, about 150 billion stars are born annually, which could only mean that every day, 275 million stars are created. Now that's the real definition of "many." It's quite a lot, isn't it?

Beyond those curtains of clouds hiding the sky view is a starry night filled with glowing celestials.

Despite the given numbers, the sum of stars lighting the nightfall pretty much seems like it's infinite, a never-ending loop.

Going with the logical reasoning, it is not infinite in any sense of the word; it's not boundless. The huge amount may have given us the impression of it being innumerable, but it isn't; after all, we have the precise number of stars shining out there.

According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), there are at least 100 billion stars in the Milky Way. The stars are arranged in a pinwheel pattern with four major arms, and we live in one of them. I know what you're thinking about; it's quite comparable to Neverland, isn't it?

"Second star to the right, and straight on till morning." If only the depths of our galaxy were as simple as a fairytale story.

BORN TO MAKE HISTORY

Tracing back to as far as 1200 BC, Chinese star names appear on oracle bones used for divination. Oracle bones are pieces of ox scapula and turtle plastron that were used for pyromancy, a form of divination, in ancient China, mainly during the late Shang dynasty. Then, in 134 BC, Hipparchus created the magnitude scale of stellar apparent luminosities. An apparent magnitude is a measure of the brightness of a star or other astronomical object observed from Earth. Soon enough, in 185 AD, Chinese astronomers became the first to observe a supernova, the SN 185. SN 185 was a transient astronomical event that occurred in the direction of Alpha Centauri, between the constellations Circinus and Centaurus.

In the year 964 BC, stellar astronomy made a major breakthrough when Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) wrote the Book of Fixed Stars, in which he made the first recorded observations of the Andromeda Galaxy and the Large Magellanic Cloud, listed numerous stars with their positions, magnitudes, brightness, and color, and gave drawings for each constellation.

in the planetary system, like comets and asteroids.

It will take us years to finish if we list down the whole timeline of the star’s evolution, and that is no exaggeration by any means, so instead, we’ll skip a few centuries, or two.. or nine.. and land back in 1910. This is when Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell studied the relationship between magnitudes and spectral types of stars. The stellar classification system is taxonomic, based on type specimens, similar to the classification of species in biology: the categories are defined by one or more standard stars for each category and sub-category, with an associated description of the distinguishing features. Yes, you read that right; stars do have different types too. It is only expected, for there are billions of them, and it is hard to keep track of them when they are not all sorted out and organized.

About 36 years or so later, the Persian astronomer Al-Biruni discovered that the Milky Way was a collection of nebulous stars, meaning that it is considered a nebula. Nebulae are regions in which the formations of gas, dust, and other materials "clump" together to form denser regions, which attract further matter and eventually become dense enough to form stars. The remaining material is then thought to form planets and other objects

On May 25, 1977, science and technology met again. The Star Wars film was released and became a worldwide phenomenon, boosting interest in stellar systems. With this, we can really see the impact of technology on the development of our studies, even before the internet became a thing. It is quite notable to see a fictional film push people to actually study the depths beyond the skies.

Once again, in the month of May, this time in the year 2012, the first visual proof of the existence of black holes was presented. Suvi Gezari’s team at Johns Hopkins University, using the Hawaiian telescope Pan-STARRS 1, published images of a supermassive black hole 2.7 million lightyears away swallowing a red giant. A supermassive black hole is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun. That phenomenon could literally suck life out of the Milky Way in just a snap if given the chance. Recently, on June 6, 2023, researchers discovered the most distant active supermassive black hole to date with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The galaxy, CEERS 1019, existed about 570 million years after the big bang, and its black hole is less massive than any other yet identified in the early universe.

TILL DEPTH DO US PART

After the rise of modern astronomy, another paradox began to puzzle astronomers. In the early 1800s, German astronomer Heinrich Olbers argued that the universe was finite. If the universe were infinite and contained stars throughout, Olbers said, then if you looked in any particular direction, your line-of-sight would eventually fall on the surface of a star. Although the apparent size of a star in the sky becomes smaller as the distance to the star increases, the brightness of this smaller surface remains constant. Therefore, if the universe were infinite, the whole surface of the night sky would be as bright as a star. Obviously, there are dark areas in the sky, so the universe must be finite.

Unlike the early medieval philosophers and theologians who developed the idea that the universe has a finite past and a beginning, ancient Greek philosophers thought it had an infinite past and no beginning. This point of view was motivated by the creationism found in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. The ancient Greek idea of an unlimited past was refuted in detail by the Christian scholar John Philoponus. Additional arguments were developed by Muslim and Arab Jewish philosophers like Al-Kindi, Saadia Gaon, and Al-Ghazali, with the majority falling into one of two categories: the “impossibility of the existence of an actual infinite” and the “impossibility of completing an actual infinite by successive addition.”.

Either way, the world is constantly changing! It is almost impossible to comprehend that we were ignorant of the existence of the majority of the world around us just 90 years ago. From our current point of view, the existence of a vast, ancient, expanding universe that is made up of billions of galaxies that are moving apart from one another as cosmic space expands from an initial “Big Bang” billions of years ago appears so clear, that we assume it must have been known for eons. Not so. Our knowledge of the cosmos underwent a paradigm shift as a result of Edwin Hubble’s groundbreaking 1929 PNAS paper, “A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae. In his short paper, Hubble presented the observational evidence for one of science’s greatest discoveries—the expanding universe.

Eliza Schuyler once said that the sky’s the limit, but science proves that wrong again and again. The universe holds no certainty, and neither do the stars. We’ll never truly know where the boundary is—the limit of the world beyond the clouds. We went from believing that the Earth is flat to knowing that the Earth is, in fact, round in shape, and it’s even more of a shocker that it is not the only planet in existence; there are over 700 quintillion planets in the whole universe, and only eight of them are in our galaxy. It’s humongous! Not even the word huge or big would suffice to describe the depths of our universe.

Each year, we learn something new. Developments are made, and improvements took place. Even the littlest difference matters; these small steps are what push us closer to grasping the concept and idea of the big, wide world. The development of our discoveries is nowhere near its end. There is more to the stars for us to discover, and if we are ambitious enough, maybe there’s a whole other world waiting to be found. See, infinity is quite complex. We never really know what to expect at the end of the tunnel, or if there is even an end to the tunnel; after all, infinity is bound to be limitless. Regardless of that, we should continue seeking that light. Night falls, the sun shines, and it’s yet another chance for us to understand the twists and turns of life. Don’t let the immensity scare you. Test your limits and see how far you’ll go.

Along the bustling streets of the Philippines, a quiet revolution is underway— one that promises to reshape the way people commute and reduce the environmental footprint of cities. An electric bus is much more than just a mode of transportation; it represents a significant step towards a more sustainable future.

As they ride through the streets, they guarantee the assurance of cleaner air, reduced carbon emissions, and renewed hope for the Philippines’ congested and polluted cities. Could these electric buses, running on electricity rather than fossil fuels, represent a shift in public transportation? The adoption of e-buses in the Philippines signifies a move towards a cleaner and more efficient transportation system.

OLD OUT, IN WITH THE NEW

While the way we choose to get around town matters more than ever, traditional buses, which run on fossil fuels, have been a common sight on Filipino streets, but things are changing. Electric buses, or e-buses, are becoming an option. Electric buses are eco-friendly and cost-effective, and they contribute to air quality improvement. They produce tailpipe emissions or exhaust which offer quieter rides. However, the initial purchase price and charging infrastructures can be barriers, due to their higher upfront cost compared to traditional buses. Although maintaining traditional buses has some benefits, they often have existing infrastructure, which can be cost-effective. In areas without electric power, traditional buses are still useful. In addition, in places with lots of clean energy, traditional buses with cleaner fuels can be a justifiable choice.

While time is ticking, some scientists is digging into old records and patterns to find the truth beyond "400-Year Cycle Rule" also known as "Doomsday Rule" proposed by John Conway. Did he actually predicted the last day of our existence?

ARTFUL SHIFTS FOR A RIDE

Thus, choosing between electric and traditional buses depends on operational requirements, environmental goals, and financial constraints. However, e-buses are quietly revolutionizing public transportation. E-bus systems generally have the edge in terms of lower emissions and operational costs.

Shifting to electric-powered transportation in the Philippines offers advantages and disadvantages. This may impact traditional bus drivers’ lifestyles in several ways. They will need to acquire change and maintenance procedures will differ. Additionally, the transition might bring job uncertainty or retraining needs for drivers accustomed to conventional buses. Indeed, improved working conditions, potential cost savings, and reduced environmental impact could also influence their lives in the long run. Nevertheless, switching to electric buses is somehow similar to asking jeepney drivers to juggle without enough coins.

These drivers, already facing financial challenges, might find it tough to catch up with this new idea. In connection with this, the government’s “jeepney phase-out” mirrors the scenario, evoking the sensation of someone taking away their piggy bank. It puts them in a tight situation, where they try to stretch without any space.

In Manila, Aboitiz Equity Ventures (AEV), part of Aboitiz Corporation, rolled out the first 50 electric buses in batches of five and 10, and guess what? For the first three months, the rides were free for everyone. Just like in Davao, they put these buses to good use by helping healthcare workers get to COVID hospitals and medical facilities. Meanwhile, Cebu City launched a bunch of clean Community Optimized Managed Electric Transport (COMET) buses.

Looking ahead, the bus service runs on four routes, giving folks a greener way to get around.

The Electric Vehicle Industry Development Act (EVIDA) law introduces a noteworthy provision. It exempts hybrid and electric vehicles from the “number coding” restrictions, allowing them to be on the road every day. This move aims to encourage the adoption of eco-friendly vehicles among the public.

CHANGE IS COMING (?)

In the Philippines, the future looks bright as we transition from gas vehicle to electric ones. With the government backing up this change with laws, new technology is making e-buses more affordable and practical. They’re not just good for the environment; they’re also kinder to your wallet. Furthermore, they help improve the air we breathe and our overall health. As the world goes green, our country is on the right track to lead the charge towards a cleaner, more affordable, and eco-friendly way to get around.

To conclude, the move to e-buses in the Philippines is a big step towards a cleaner, more eco-friendly future. We are gaining momentum, and solar-powered charging stations are becoming a common sight. This innovative approach harnesses the abundant solar energy resources in the country, making the e-bus system uniquely sustainable. Even though change can be slow, slowly but surely, we can improve. This shift means cleaner air, fewer harmful emissions, and better transportation for everyone. It’s like taking one step at a time toward a greener and brighter future. Greener rides lead to a brighter day—join the journey and be on your way.

Russia and Ukraine, as well as the rise of dangers confronting humanity. It is important to note that this decision does not indicate any relief in the global security landscape.

As scary as it may sound, the Doomsday Rule is simply a method to compute the weekday of any given date due to Gregorian Calendar moves in a 400-Year Cycle. This algorithm uses mental calculations which is helpful to easily remember dates but it also requires a lot of things to memorize and to calculate in order to execute this method.

CLOCK OF DANGER

If you are wondering if we could actually predict the last day of our existence, then there's "Doomsday Clock" which is created in 1947 by the Bulle-

tin of the Atomic Scientists, this clock is a metaphorical representation of how close humanity cease to exist due to global disasters.

The Doomsday Clock is not your typical timepiece. It serves as a visual metaphor to illustrate the existential threats our world faces. Positioned close to midnight, the clock suggests approaching danger, while moving away implies a safer global environment.

Scientists and experts decide the clock's setting based on various global factors with a primary focus on nuclear threats, climate change, and emerging technologies. The hands of the clock can be adjusted forward or backward, symbolizing the changing risks our world encounters. Presently in 2023, we again set the Doomsday Clock to 90 seconds before midnight due to the ongoing war of

Though the Doomsday Clock might sound scary, it is not stuck in one place. What we all do together can change where it points. Efforts for peace, taking care of the environment, and using technology responsibly can make the clock move away from midnight making our planet safer.

Above all these, theories can be helpful as a reminder for us that we all have a duty to keep our planet safe. Doomsday may come anytime soon but by dealing with dangers, we could actually control what will happen to us in the future. Hence, computations and countdowns is not just a signal to be careful but a request for us to start joining hands and protect the future of humanity.

AWHEN BLUE MEETS GREEN

s we navigate through our daily lives, like the voyagers we are in the vast sea of life, it is easy to overlook the silent yet monumental contributions of the oceans. We may not seem to notice (or maybe we do, but we just end up disregarding it either way) that oceans are very vital to our lives; they sustain biodiversity, impact our weather, facilitate international trade, and offer a plentiful supply of food. It is not only important for the environment to be preserved but also for the prosperity and well-being of present and future generations. Therefore, it is safe to say that it is our duty to appreciate the value of these seas and to cooperate in order to maintain their overall state and well-being. Under the surface, oceans harbor an astonishing array of life, just like land itself—and maybe even more. Massive amounts of species are supported by the maritime ecosystems, from magnificent whales within its depths to microscopic plankton found on its various corners. Because marine life

makes up a large amount of our food resources, contributes to the air we breathe, and may even be a source of medications and other important resources, it is not shocking that the health of these ecosystems is closely linked to human health.

In recent years, the appearance of vivid green hues sweeping throughout our oceans has captured the attention of scientists, environmentalists, and beachgoers alike. This fascinating phenomenon, commonly known as "green tides," has raised questions and concerns regarding its causes, consequences, and possible effects on marine ecosystems. At the heart of the green tide phenomenon are algal blooms. Excess nitrogen and phosphorus can cause abrupt blooms of microscopic algae, which can cover large areas of ocean water in a vibrant green canvas. Human activities, including urban development, industrial discharges, and agricultural runoff, are the main sources of these nutrients, which provide an imbalance that encourages the growth of algae.

The frequency and intensity of algal blooms are significantly influenced by

rising sea temperatures, which are a result of climate change. Green tides occur more frequently in warmer waters because the favorable conditions for the rapid growth of algae are enhanced. The interdependence of climate change and the oceans emphasizes how urgent it is to address environmental problems in order to lessen these effects.

This fascinating, almost magical green hue may appear lovely at first, but it can have disastrous effects on marine ecosystems. Algal blooms have the potential to lower the water's oxygen content, creating "dead zones'' where marine life finds it difficult to thrive. Not only that, but poisons released by some algae during blooms can also damage fish, shellfish, and other marine creatures, endangering aquatic life as well as human health.

There is no denying that human activity is a big contributing factor to the rise in algal blooms and the ocean turning green. . In order to minimize this phenomenon, it is imperative to undertake appropriate waste management, reduce nutrient runoff, and adopt sustainable agricultural methods. Of course, we wouldn't be able to suc-

cessfully achieve this unless we took it upon ourselves to act on our responsibilities and promote a shared commitment to maintaining the quality of our seas, community awareness, and engagement. This green tide acts as an imperative and visible reminder of the complex interrelationships between human activity, climate change, and the fragile balance of marine ecosystems. The first step toward putting into practice longterm fixes that can aid in restoring the health and vibrancy of our seas is understanding the elements that contribute to this occurrence. To preserve the oceans' present beauty and resilience, we must all share a commitment to responsible management as we navigate the complexity of a changing environment. We can't just spread a word and leave it at that. Enlightenment won't serve its purpose if we don't take the right course of action. Let's not wait for this greenery to take over the hues of blue on our seas; instead, let's navigate through a venture into a better ocean and nature. Bon voyage.

Lenina Acob

Angelo Russell Niño

Micaella Mae Hernandez

Charles Salatambos

Can you envision a world without the internet? The specter of a solar superstorm terminating the internet in late 2023 loomed, yet the feared catastrophe did not unfold. While it may sound like a plot from a science fiction film, the reality is surprisingly intriguing. The concept of a solar superstorm, ominously termed an “internet apocalypse” by scientists, is not mere fiction; it’s a genuine phenomenon. However, accurately predicting these solar storms remains a formidable challenge.

As of now, there is no official news reporting an apocalypse. Professor Peter Becker from George Mason University notes, “The internet has come at a time of solar calm, and now, as the sun becomes more active, we face new challenges.” Despite the current lack of official news about a solar storm apocalypse, we are entering a phase of increased solar activity. Fortunately, many solar storms either never reach us here on Earth or are too weak to impact us.

TALENT FOR MISCONCEPTIONS

Should you really worry about solar superstorms? Misconceptions about solar superstorms often stem from the belief that each occurrence guarantees disasters, when, in reality, the facts reveal intensity, with not all events leading to significant disruptions. Dispelling this misconception allows for an understanding of the impact of solar superstorms on our planet.

DOOMSDAY

Historically, the solar storm has happened before. For instance, there was the Carrington Event in 1859. This significant solar storm messed up telegraphs, giving us a glimpse into how these events can affect today’s technology and infrastructure. Looking back, scientists learn from this to get ready for similar things in the future. As electricity was not widely used for homes back then, recovery was quicker. Can we do anything to get ready for what many scientists think will probably happen?

CHAIN REACTIONS

First and foremost, solar storms involve intense bursts of solar radiation; Earth regularly receives solar radiation essential for life. Unlike regular storms with wind and rain, solar storms involve radiation.

Consequently, solar bursts, often triggered by events like solar flares, involve powerful electromagnetic explosions. These occur over large sunspots, areas with strong magnetic fields on the sun’s surface. Scientists believe

concentrated electromagnetic energy may rise from the sun’s core, leading to these explosions. The effects of a solar flare may reach us in just eight seconds.

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), similar to solar flares, can also stem from sunspots. Many times, solar flares and CMEs happen together, but not always. The difference is that a solar storm from a CME moves more slowly, giving astronomers a heads-up. Another distinction is in their effects—solar flares impact the upper atmosphere, whereas particles from a CME can reach the Earth’s surface.

BACK TO OLD SCHOOL

Solar storms can disrupt the internet by affecting communication satellites and power grids, potentially causing outages and disruption of communication and navigation systems on Earth. Therefore, the potential effects on the internet include interruptions, slowdowns, or even a complete loss of the technological framework.

Hypothetically, if a solar storm hits, it could mess up not just our phones but

also other things like establishments. Truly, sharing pictures on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter is a big deal nowadays. When a big solar storm hits, it is like the internet world we are used to falls apart. Those shared moments become less important, kind of like slipping through our fingers. The online world we are all connected to might break, making us rethink what really matters when the internet is not there.

There are existing technologies to reduce damage from a solar storm’s Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP). One of them, the Faraday cage, has been around for a long time. Named after scientist Michael Faraday, it is made of a fine metallic mesh that acts as a conductor, spreading electromagnetic radiation across its surface. Scientists are finding better ways to protect power grids from solar storms. Some utility companies are creating big capacitor banks to soak up and release sudden electrical surges, making EMPs less risky.

In conclusion, preparing for an inevitable solar storm is challenging. We cannot consider everything from the past to prevent it. It happened before, and it can happen again. Be cautious; it is smart to get ready, but scientists say the chance of a solar superstorm hitting us is low. Preparing is not simple, given the unexpected events tomorrow might bring. Science is complex in the world we know today.

Are our landfills as ticking time bombs, ready to explode with environmental devastation? Will we continue down a path of irreversible harm, or can we choose to defuse the bomb and pave the way for a sustainable future? Most of us know that landfills are essential components of waste management systems, but they also pose significant environmental risks. Filled landfills can cause a variety of ecological damage, including soil contamination, water pollution, and air pollution. They also contribute to climate change by releasing methane— a potent greenhouse gas. The ecological consequences of filled landfills are especially severe in developing countries, where landfills are often poorly managed and located near residential areas. Which can lead to several health problems for communities living near landfills, including respiratory infections, cancer, and birth defects.

Throughout centuries, landfills have been the go-to solution for waste disposal. However, the volume and composition of waste has changed dramatically in recent decades. The exponential increase in waste generation is due to some factors, including population growth, urbanization, and rising incomes. In the past, landfills were typically located in rural areas away from population centers. However, as urban areas have expanded, landfills have increasingly been located near residential areas and this has raised concerns about the environmental and health impacts on communities.

EXPLOSION OF THE BOMB

Additionally, these dump sites contain a variety of hazardous pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and organic compounds. These pollutants can leach into the soil and contaminate groundwater. Contaminated soil can also be transported by wind and rain, spreading the

pollution to other areas. The resulting landfill leachate, a liq uid draining from land fills, contam inates both groundwater and surface water, making drinking wa ter unsafe for consumption and harming aquatic life.

Additionally, these also emit a variety of air pollutants, including methanes, carbon dioxides and toxic chemicals which contribute to climate change and air pollution.

Several tragic incidents underscore the severe consequences of poorly managed landfills. In 2017, a landfill in Accra, Ghana, collapsed, killing at least 17 people and burying hundreds of homes due to the landfill being poorly managed and located in a densely populated area.

In 2019, a landfill in Jakarta, Indonesia, caught fire and burned for several weeks and the fire released toxic smoke into

the air, causing respiratory problems for residents living nearby. In 2022, a landfill in Manila, Philippines, leaked methane gas into a nearby community wherein the methane gas caused an explosion, killing five people and injuring dozens more. As we can see, landfills pose a serious threat to human health and the environment, especially in developing countries and these are just a few examples of the many ways that filled landfills can cause environmental damage.

DEFUSE THE BOMB

Various waste management practices are currently in use, including recycling, composting, and waste-to-energy technologies. However, these practices have their limitations. Recycling rates vary widely around the world, and even in developed countries, a significant portion of waste is still sent to landfills. Composting

is a good option for organic waste, but it is not suitable for all types of waste. Waste-to-energy technologies can convert waste into energy, but they can also emit air pollutants.

To mitigate the environmental impact of landfills, they can be designed and managed more effectively. For example, landfills can be lined with impermeable materials to prevent leachate from contaminating groundwater. Landfills can also be capped with gas collection systems to capture methane emissions. Community engagement and awareness are essential for the success of sustainable waste management programs. Communities need to be educated about the importance of waste reduction and recycling. They also need to be involved in the planning and decision-making process for waste management facilities. Governments can play a role in promoting sustainable waste management practices by enacting policies that encourage waste reduction and responsible disposal. For example, governments can implement landfill taxes or bans on single-use plastics.

Finally, filled landfills pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. The urgency of addressing this issue cannot be overstated. However, there are a ton of sustainable solutions and mitigation strategies that can be used to reduce the environmental impact of landfills, but these solutions require a concerted effort from individuals, communities, and governments. By adopting sustainable waste management practices, we can mitigate the ecological damage of filled landfills and pave the way for a healthier and more sustainable future. The choice is clear, either we protect our planet or we continue down a path of irreversible environmental harm. It's time to make the right choice.

Lenina Acob

Angelo Russell Niño

Charles Salatambos

ALDHS BOYS BASKETBALL TEAM REIGNS THE COURT ON FEU iTAMS INVI- TATIONAL SPORTS FEST

basketball game was held at Far Eastern University (FEU) on October 21, 2023. Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) basketball team played in the event as the New Prodon Academy of Valenzuela (NPAV) basketball team was their opponent. Both teams started off the game by warming up to get ready for the upcoming match.

First quarter was a rough start as the NPAV gained several fouls, which gave them a hard time scoring. Despite the challenges, Jerome Miguel, a player of LDHS, found his way to help the team make a point for the first quarter.

LDHS was trying to break in, but eventually due to a foul, NPAV achieved their first goal. With a lay-up from the opponent's player, the ball went in, which made LDHS competitor Angela Reyes score three points.

It was followed by another two points that led LDHS to winning the first quarter with the score of 21-15.

As the second match began, Miguel amazed everyone with three points. Therefore, it made the NPAV strengthen their defense.

Whereupon

Mr. Alejo Alibayan, LDHS basketball coach, called for a timeout due to the fact that the scores went close by 33-31 and with the counsel of sir Alibayan. LDHS won the second quarter with 37-31.

DOUBLE TRIUMPH: LDHS ARNIS TEAM SECURE TWO CHAMPIONSHIPS IN STUNNING DISPLAY EXCELLENCE

Playing with firing fuel, Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) Arnis Team brought home three spectacular titles on the 10th of December 2023 at Pres. Sergio Osmeña High School (PSOHS).

As Manuel Luis Quezon High School (MLQHS) was eager to grab the triumph they secured the next game occuring for the campus to be defeated against MLQ.

Unfortunately, they failed to secure another title, own ing the two titles of Championship. her signature technique, a right temple strike coupled with a left chest stab, to se cure her opponent’s place. With a score of 5W with 0L, in favor of Lakan Dula. both the opening and final rounds and claimed the title of pinweight champion.

ond round match, Ayesha Rivera out performed Florention Torres High School (FTHS) delivering the opening blow for both sets of the round, the game hardly lasted a few minutes as Rivera unleashed her powerful movements, striking FTHS in the left temple with a forehand strike, she then used a thrust to defend herself.

With a beam ing smile on her face, Rivera de clared as the

Whereas courts were changed for the third quarter but still it wasn't a problem for the team to be able to succeed in the third match with a leading score of 54-50.

Everyone in the game was thrilled as it was a crucial moment between the two forces for the last quarter. It took them both a long and intense rally when the number of goals went near 56-55.

Time-outs were called after Luigi Manlapig scored three points.

Bantamweight Champion Holder, achieving five wins without losing.

Continuing the third match for the LDHS Arnis Team, Lhoraine Abique played. Doing various hits against PSOHS including defense, but still failed to score. Finishing the first quarter with 0L5W in favor of PSOHS.

Commenced to her final set, the rival team was eager to win the game, making Abique lose focus.

PSOHS secured their goal, while Abique won the title of Half Lightweight Placert with a score of 2W-5W.

However, Picar, Rivera, and Abique also delivered a speech thanking the team for their oversupport together for their Head Coach.

Head Coach Vince Acosta stated

“Na-amaze ako sa kanila kasi pinakita nila yung best nila, na resolve ng trainings and nakita ko ngayon at kahapon, patuloy niyo lang yung foundation na sinimulan niyo aand at the end of the day, may bunga ‘yan.”

NPAV was trying to catch up as the ball was always blocked or stolen by the LDHS team.

With concrete conveyance, even the rivalry scored a point, But it wasn't enough to tear down LDHS Basketball Team who won against New Prodon Academy of Valenzuela with 69-66.

"Sinipagan lang namin talaga at saka communication sa loob ng court” Reyes stated. "Hindi kami nagsisisihan sa loob ng court, [nag] usap kami. Pamilya kami”

Miguel asserted

Those are the statements that they impart when they are interviewed on how they manage to win the game. 'Resistensiya' and 'training lang nang training' are their answers on what are their preparations for the next tournament, which will be the final affirmation of the two highlight members (Reyes & Miguel) of the team.

CLAREIN CAMAÑO

CLINT JEISH AGUSTIN

ARIBA LAKAN: GONZALES BROUGHT HOME THE 6TH YEAR BILLIARDS CHAMPIONSHIP

CLAREIN CAMAÑO

Kurt Gonzales, a Billiard Player from Lakan Dula honorably achieved his championship on November 19, 2023, at District meet captivating since 2019. Gonzales established Six consecutive years of trumph producing a firm title for his accomplishment as he also succeeds in Division level on school year 2022-2023.

It is amusing to perceive that betting was his way to ease the tense whenever he combats tournaments.

However, he remained respectful throughout every game as he stated that ‘’being humble is what makes a great athlete.”

Billiards has always been Gonzales's enthusiasm considering that he was able to control every shot. Despite that, circumstances such as lack of time greatly affected them since he wanted to release apprehensiveness and just be unmoved in competitions.

Surely, his tactics are indestructible whereas he dispenses the strategies that was often use whenever he is on the game and eventually the portion of time sculpted his skills once he began playing when he was only 10 years old.

Tournaments exterior to the campus eventuate to enhance his skills. In the fullness of time, Gonzales desires to train and upskill those who are passionate to master billiards to be as commending as he plays. Gonzales prevails to be ebullient towards any match as to keep a light frame of mind. A good condition and wellness are all the preparations for every upcoming game.

Nevertheless, as it’s his last year on the campus, Gonzales plans to coach every youth who is willing to absorb the skills and knowledge. However, he announced that he won’t be playing as much as he constantly does after his last year.

“Once na nanalo ka, hindi lang ikaw ang nanalo. Buong Lakan Dula High School ang nanalo rin.” Gonzales remarked. Furthermore, he believes that every adolescence of the campus should continue the legacy he started.

LLDHS WINS DISTRICT MEET: ANNIHILATING SPORTS TO ZERO

ALTHEA MAE QUILES NICOLE RAMOS

akan Dula High School (LDHS)

Futsal’s team became meritorious as they palmy achieved to reign the court of District Meet with 3-0, 5-0, 6-0, at Jose P. Laurel High School (JPLHS), on November 18, 2023. A default win was announced when Pres. Sergio Osmeña High School (PSOSH) did not show up on the said first match of the day against LDHS.

After that, it was immediately followed by JPLHS, which was commenced by a hasty kick by Alessandra Luntayao and assisted by Angel Miranda with her fascinating passes and dribbles. Continuous attempts came from both school as the game started to intensify. How ever, Lun tayao and Miranda beams the court as they scored entering to the semi-finals.

Flames beamed the court as the match against Florentino Torres High School (FTHS) and LDHS began with Miranda’s hat trick, which supervene Luntayao’s dribbles and attempted kicks. They were very eager to win this set to enter the final game and exhibit their skills to the audience. So, as the fire kept on burning, Luntayao scored another goal, finishing the game at 5-0.

RAMPAGING PANTHER: INTERNATIONAL PLAYER UNLEASHES UNTAMED SKILL SET ON THE FOOTBALL FIELD

CHRISTINE MARY DAYONDON PRECIOUS ARCEO

Every athlete’s journey in the huge world of athletics is a different story, telling tales of commitment, tenacity, and success. The unwavering commitment of Kenneth Dela Cruz, a 16 years old International Football player whose journey to greatness began in the densely populated area of Tondo.

During his early years of playing, Dela Cruz’s love for football was stoked by the excitement of getting close to the ball and the companionship of his friends. The field is transformed into a classroom where he was taught the goals of every topic, more significantly, how vital discipline and teamwork are. The early years laid the groundwork for future developments with their combination of excitement and a rapid learning curve.

Embarking on a touching narrative, we delve into Kenneth’s distinct viewpoint as he admires his elder sibling. He finds inspiration in each sprint, goal, and triumph over adversity. Viewing the world through Dela Cruz’s perspective, we witness the transformative power of sibling connections, molding aspirations, cultivating discipline, and nurturing an indomitable spirit.

Dela Cruz can still remember the moment when he first competed in China, his brother’s hometown.

At the age of sixteen, Dela Cruz has skillfully combined his passion for the game with a unique chance to travel the world. Kenneth had the incredible opportunity to see Japan, China, Singapore, and Malaysia.

Dela Cruz is an example to many who balance the rigors of academics and athletics. His rise from an unknown teenage boy to a worldwide representative of his country is a proof of the self-control and time management abilities that characterize a true student-athlete. He creates a story that transcends the field and into the sacred halls of academic excellence, embodying the idea that education and physical skill can coexist together.

At the time, he encountered a strong foe and learned what it was like to taste defeat bitterly—a feeling unaccustomed to victory. Even while the loss was still felt, Dela Cruz refused to allow it to determine how he would go. Rather, it turned into a stimulus for reflection and a chance for development.

Dela Cruz stated, “Ang gusto ko para sa future ko is yung ma-improve ko pa yung way ng paglalaro ko and maachieve pa lahat ng tumatakbo sa isip ko,” [What I want for my future is to improve myself even more; the way i play my game, and be able to achieve things that’s been running in my mind].

As Kenneth approaches his dream of becoming a professional football player, the thunderous cheers of the audience that he could only hear in his fantasies are now audible. The process of turning a childhood ambition into a reality that defines a career is a combination of selflessness, resiliency, and pure delight.

LBefore the match started, they had a heads-up for the players

each school, alerting them about the rules and regulations of the game. The medical team also provided each player with a medical examination in case something undesired occurred during the match.

The School Boys’ category was the first in line to start off the game. Asianti Delacruz represented Lakan Dula for the school boys category on the blue corner competing against Villamor High School (VHS) on the red corner.

Two of the contenders in the school boys division displayed excellent ducking and jabbing techniques during the opening round, hitting each other with powerful punches and hooks. Both competitors exerted all of their strength and stamina in the second round in an attempt to execute and win, carefully and methodically dodging each other’s blows and strikes to not forfeit this round.

Two players were worn out at the beginning of the third round, but they both persisted and stood up for the schools they represented. This round, they played strategically and cautiously, displaying remarkable talents in dodging and blocking each other’s attacks.

With determination and pride, LDHS, once again, faced off with LHS at the championship round.

A bustling rivalry between the two schools set the ambience of the court heavy, especially when Luntayao shot another blazing goal. Although the game was set in motion, there were still struggles due to JPLHS’ defenses and consecutive kept goals that they have performed. Nevertheless, Miranda racked up the remaining two minutes of the game as she dribbled and showcased nutmegs supported by Aquino and Luntayao, marking the court theirs with 6-0.

“Just keep going, just keep playing,”

Coach of LDHS’ futsal’s team John Joseph Battung to his grade 10 graduating athletes after the game.

After the school boys category, the Junior Boys category was next in line. Snarf Neel Angco represented Lakan Dula School (LDHS) on the blue side of the corner, And Villamor High School (VHS) on the red side of the corner. The Junior Boys’ match started at 3:00 p.m. sharp.

Immense offense and defense were shown by the two players on the starting round, they showed impressive tactics to attack and avoid their opponent’s strikes.

At the start of the second round, the ring was engulfed in a great deal of rage as the two fighters unleashed strong strikes at each other to open the second round. Both fighters gave their energy and strength for this round as they spar. They are cautious of their opponent’s movements and attacks, for one wrong move might result in an undesired position.

In the last round, two contenders were consecutively striking and attacking one another, Neel had the chance to corner his opponent to deliver a vast amount of punches. Exerting methods and skills near the end of the match, the two contenders expressed exhaustion but never gave up as they were fighting for the championship.

The announced winner by points was Villamor High School (VHS), conversely, in the Junior Boys division, Neel took home the bronze medal for Lakan Dula High School (LDHS).

Villamor High School (VHS) was declared the winner by points after the match. On the other hand, Asianti earned the bronze medal for Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) for the demonstrated skills and techniques he used during the match.

LDHS SWAYS TO REGIONAL

Lakan Dula High School's (LDHS) dancesports team pranced their way to winnings in the Palarong Maynila Dancesports Competition on February 20, 2024, hosted by Pres. Sergio Osmeña High School. All couples managed to score a place, thus winning four overall awards in the Standard and Latin Dance categories and effectively securing a spot in the NCR Meet.

Gliding their way to the regional, Mark Jacob Mendoza, along with Paula Mae Pascubillo, ultimately bagged the championship for Latin Dance after their spectacular performance of the Cha Cha Cha and Rumba routines. This is their second year of bringing home the beacon, following their Latin Dance championship last year.

John Robert Dizon and Assha Romolo did not cease to amaze after being the 2nd runner-up, also for

the Latin Dance category.

On the other hand, a tiebreaker occurred between LDHS's Alexis Luis Algoso and Aizee Romolo and Florentino Torres High School (FTHS), with our school emerging victorious for the 1st runner-up award for Standard Dance. Michael Jay Guanzon and Jazzlyne Dee Nicole Chang followed closely in 2nd runner-up for the same category.

LDHS Dancesports' coach, Ms. Mary Grace Lorilla shared that the secret behind the team's success was to never expect anything and that there is always someone better; therefore, one could never lax with the practice. "I did not expect na mananalo sila, but I'm proud none- theless," She said.

DIVISIONMEETHAILSLAKAN CAGERSCHAMPION

School (LDHS) Women’s Basketball Team grabbed an unforeseen triumph during the Division Meet against Tondo High School (THS), tallied a score of 46-45 on January 26, 2024 at Manila Science High School. Miranda showed off her enthusiasm and scored a total of Three points right after the game commenced. However, THS gave no mercy after using their man-to-man defense which made it harder for LDHS to win a point.

The LDHS team was able to catch up with the scores but the opponent kept on using their great defense ending the first bout with 9-12, in THS’ favor.

Moreover, the warrior-like defense of the THS continued to work until the second quarter when the blazing fire suddenly started after the wrong call of penalty for THS.

Kailyn Santos spotted the shortcoming in the contender’s defense and an astounding play prevailed upon her scoring consecutive points that turned the table to 18-14.

Then the fire once ignited during the last five minutes of the game, and both the defense and offense of the two teams intensified and left the teams struggling to earn a point.

THS took the opportunity and conquered the first Two minutes of the game and fired a continuous point that secured the fate of their team, 23-31, they continued to show remorseless and continued to torture the LDHS’ defense ‘til the time ran out, 29-39.

Mr. Darwin Ryan Oña fueled an enormous fire after showing frustration against one of the referees, challenging the referee and showing that he was not scared to get a technical; he just wanted to show that the player needed to fight back, he even said in an interview.

“Gusto ko rin ipadama sa mga players natin na I fight for them so you [they] need to fight for us, for Lakan… This is a wakening call not only for the referee but to our players also.” Mr. Ona stated.

The fourth quarter continued and LDHS was still being left behind by their opponent, 3443, the THS then got stuck at 43 after the players of LDHS showed great defense as they tried to keep up.

Abigail Peniano kept her goal straight and successfully won a consecutive point making the score closer, 38-43, it was then followed by number 3’s burning energy pulling a score of Six points, 44-45.

The game intensified as the THS tried to buy time not until Kyla Caparangan of LDHS got a free throw due to a foul during the remaining five seconds of the game.

Caparangan ended the game after scoring two points during the heart-raising free throw and the team could not hide their excitement which then triumphed as the time clocked out, 46-45.

Head Coach Lois Angela Rey extended her happiness and pride for her players and said that this is a great reward for her four outgoing players.

“It was really unexpected, I know my team is going well pero hindi naman kami nag-eexpect ng anything… Last year, we were not able to be the champion, but so far, siguro ito yung pinakabiggest achievement ko so far and also graduating ang apat na student ko.” she said.

After the division meet, the LDHS women’s basketball team continued their intensive training to prepare themselves for the Palarong NCR 2024.

Lakan Dula High School (LDHS) Volleyball Girls puffed up as they took part against Jose P. Laurel High School (JPLHS) for the District Meet held at Florentino Torres High School (FTHS) on Sunday, November 26.

Six Highlighted Players of the game consisted of Garcia, Batol, Marcos, Marmol, Cordero, and their Team Captain, Discaya.

Taking the first step in course, LDHS scored as Laurel failed to strike the ball with hand. Batol’s two straight Aces, three enormous attacks, teaming up with Marco’s drop, with the 25-12 difference, LDHS Vol-

leyball Girls were able to set in motion.

As the match moved into its second and final set, Garcia performed admirably, hitting four straight aces against JPLHS. LDHS celebrated with a score of 26-24 after Batol delivered six magnificent attacks assisted by Cordero's drop to end the game.

On behalf of the players and Mr. Ace Fulgencio the head coach, Discaya showed her unending happiness and gratitude for everyone's dedication and sportsmanship.

"Thank you so much rin kay Sir Ace kasi nandiyan siya and hindi niya kami pinressure kahit na pepressure siya,” Discaya stated.

On the other hand, Batol, the team's youngest player, conveyed a message to herself and her seniors. “Nasayahan ako sa laro namin, sa points na nabigay ko para sa team, lalo na sa mga ate ko.”

ALTHEA QUILES

LDHS BOYS BASKETBALL BALL TEAM REIGNS THE COURT ON