2018 Bayer Management Manual

2018 Bayer Management Manual Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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Residual that works as hard as you do.

If you’re in charge of a farming or livestock operation, one of your many jobs is to control weeds on your fence lines and around buildings. You need to keep large areas clear, and you don’t have the time or the budget to keep making retreatments. You need Esplanade® EZ, the pre-mixed, backpack-applied weed control product with the longest-lasting residual on the market. For more information, visit BayerVM.com. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Esplanade are registered trademarks of Bayer. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ©2017 Bayer CropScience LP.

Bayer Animal Health and Range & Pasture Staff

Call on these professionals to answer your questions about Bayer products for your Animal Health and Range & Pasture questions. Bayer Range and Pasture Manager; Bayer Environmental Science Division 940-443-3145 P.O. Box 734, Muenster, TX 76252 brian.cain1@bayer.com

Clint Lewis Senior Technical Sales Specialist Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 806-570-1001 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 clint.lewis@bayer.com

Dr. Marc Campbell Senior Veterinary Technical Specialist Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 405-612-0404 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 marc.campbell1@bayer.com

Dr. Allan McGinty Rangeland Consultant Texas A&M Professor and Extension Range Specialist Emeritus 325-650-8727 5325 Oriole Dr. San Angelo, TX 76903 amcginty1952@gmail.com

Kelly Cross Technical Sales Specialist Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 903-520-4735 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 kelly.cross@bayer.com

Clay McKesson Senior Technical Sales Representative Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 806-787-3883 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 clay.mckesson@bayer.com

Dr. Wayne Hanselka Rangeland Consultant Texas A&M Professor and Extension Range Specialist Emeritus 361-960-9102 11833 Chamizal Corpus Christi, TX 78410 wayne@trminternational.net

Scott McNeill Senior Technical Sales Specialist Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 830-570-1743 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 scott.mcneill@bayer.com

Gerald Hobson Range & Pasture Specialist 682-333-1903 P.O. Box 1 Peaster, TX 76485 gerald.hobson@bayer.com

Dr. Case R. Medlin Regional Stewardship Manager 940-255-4534 101 Crossroad Ct. Paradise, TX 76073 case.medlin@bayer.com

Brian Cain

Brice Key Technical Sales Specialist Bayer Animal Health Farm Animal Products 806-787-0257 P.O. Box 390 Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 brice.key@bayer.com

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Table of Contents 63 Agarito (fruit) 54 Annual ryegrass 54 Bahiagrass 55 Barnyard grass 35 Beebalm or horsemint 35 Bitter sneezeweed 36 Broom snakeweed 36 Broomweed 37 Brushy eryngo 63 Bumeli, gum 37 Camphorweed 38 Carolina horsenettle 64 Catclaw acacia 64 Catclaw mimosa 55 Cheatgrass 65 Chinese tallow 65 Cholla cactus 38 Cocklebur 56 Crabgrass 39 Croton, one-seed 39 Croton, woolly 40 Curlycup gumweed 40 Devil’s claw 66 Dewberry 66 Flameleaf sumac 56 Foxtail 41 Gayfeather 41 Goldenrod 42 Grey gold aster 67 Hackberry 42 Henbit 67 Honey locust 68 Huisache 57 Indiangrass 57 Johnsongrass 58 KR bluestem 58 Little barley 68 Lotebush 59 Lovegrass 43 Lowland cudweed 43 Marestail 44 Marsh elder 69 Mesquite 44 Milkweed, antelope horn 45 Milkweed, Snow-on-the Prairie 45 Nightshade, buffalobur 4

46 Nightshade, silverleaf 69 Persimmon, eastern 70 Persimmon, Texas 46 Poison ivy 70 Prickly ash 47 Ragweed, giant 47 Ragweed, western 59 Rattail smutgrass 60 Rescuegrass 71 Sagebrush, sand 60 Sandbur/grassbur 48 Sericea lespedeza 48 Spiny aster, wolfweed 49 Sunflower 49 Sunflower, maximillian 50 Texas groundsel 50 Texas prickly poppy 51 Thistles complex 52 Twinleaf senna 71 Whitebrush 52 Wild mustard, bastard cabbage 72 Wild plum 61 Yellow Nutsedge 72 Yucca Staff and Products 3 Bayer Animal Health and Range & Pasture Staff 82 Baytril® 100 53 Cimarron® Max 34 Cimarron® Plus 77 Clean-Up™ II Pour-On 75 Corathon® 79 Cydectin® 2 Esplanade® EZ 9 Method® 88 Pastora® 62 Velpar® L VU 87 Zelnate® Tips and Resources 5 Herbicide Sprayer Calibration 6 Recommended Mixing Order 7 Resources 8 Brush Management 73 Pest Control 78 Horn Fly Control

80 Cattle Lice Control 81 Resistant Insects 84 Needle Selection; Injected Medicines 85 Flight Zone 86 Cattle Stress Acronyms and Abbreviations Extension - Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service and Oklahoma State Extension Service IPT - Individual Plant Treatment USDA NRCS - U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Photos courtesy of Bayer, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Clint Rollins and Ricky Linex, Range Plants of North Central Texas Always read and follow all label directions and precautions for use. Contact your local Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for information on timing and application specific to your area. Bayer, the Bayer Cross, Esplanade, Cimarron, Pastora, Velpar and Baythroid are registered trademarks of Bayer. Verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. © 2018 Bayer CropScience LP. Plant/insect species sections: 35 Broadleaf species 54 Grass species 63 Woody species 74 Insect species

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Herbicide Sprayer Calibration Tips Fill the sprayer tank half-full with water. Adjust the spray pump to the same pressure you will use to spray herbicide – broadcast ground sprayer 30 psi (pounds per square inch) or lower pressure to reduce spray drift, down to 20 psi if the spray pattern is maintained. Boomless sprayer calibration Spray a swath on a hard surface that can be easily measured. Measure the width of the swath in feet almost to the edges, allowing for a small amount of overlap. Use this chart to choose your “calibration course.”

If your swath is this wide (feet) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Then, spray a row this distance (feet) to equal 1/8 mile 273 218 182 156 136 121 109 A 1/8 acre swath will be sufficient to calibrate your sprayer. Mark the length of the course and drive the course in the gear and at the rpm you’d use to spray. Record your drive time. This is how long it will take to spray 1/8 acre. Park the tractor, maintain rpm used to drive the course and turn on the sprayer. Catch the water being sprayed from the nozzle for the same time it took you to drive the calibration course. A clean, 2-liter soft drink bottle with a hole cut in the side is a handy funnel into a container. If you’re calibrating a cluster nozzle, tie a garbage bag around the nozzle to catch water. Run the sprayer, collecting the output, for the same time it took to drive the calibration course. Measure the volume of the water using a container graduated in pints. Pints of water caught in the bucket are equal to number of gallons the sprayer will deliver per acre. Boom sprayer calibration Measure the nozzle spacing. Use this chart to determine your calibration course length.

Nozzle spacing (inches) 18

Length of calibration course (feet) 227

204

136

102

Mark the course and record the time required to drive in the desired gear and rpm. This is the amount of time required to spray 1/128 of an acre. Catch the water from 1 nozzle for the time it took to drive the calibration course. The number of ounces of water caught will determine the number of gallons that will be sprayed per acre. Catch water from each nozzle to determine if all of the nozzles are delivering the same volume. If the flow is uneven, examine the nozzles and screens checking that everything is the same size and not blocked with debris.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Recommended Mixing Order for Bayer Range & Pasture Herbicides Read and understand all product labels being used before you begin 1. Start with a clean tank, nozzles and pump systems. Replace any worn or leaking parts.

7. Add suspension concentrates (Esplanade® EZ if treating noncrop areas or fence lines).

2. Calibrate sprayer (see calibration page).

8. Add emulsifiable concentrates (EC’s).

3. Fill tank 1/2 full of clean water.

9. Add water soluble liquids (Method® if treating fence lines or wildlife refuge areas, or Part B of Cimarron Max [2, 4-d + dicamba]).

4. Start tank agitation. 5. If spraying glyphosate, add any water conditioners needed (dry products should be pre-slurried before adding to the tank). Allow to agitate until well dispersed throughout tank. Some water conditioners may lower the pH of the water. A buffering agent may be needed to raise the pH to an acceptable level. 6. Pre-slurry, in water, all dry products (e.g. wettable powders (WP), dry flowable (DF) and drygranule (DG) products. Examples include Cimarron®-Part A of Cimarron Max, Cimarron Plus and/or Pastora®). Make sure to use a clean container.

10. Add glyphosate products, if needed. 11. Add proper adjuvants, if needed or recommended (e.g. non-ionic surfactant (NIS), methylated seed oil (MSO), crop oil concentrate (COC), etc.).

ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com. Bayer, the Bayer Cross, Cimarron, Pastora, Esplanade and Method are registered trademarks of Bayer. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ©2017 Bayer CropScience LP.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Apps for iPad or iPhone Invasive Plants in Southern Forests-Identification and Management Leafsnap Weed ID Guide-University of Missouri Extension Service Ag Weed ID, from Farm Progress BRIT Guide to Texas Range & Pasture Plants Field Guide from AgPhD Weed ID from Monsanto-Canada Wildflowers of the Great Plains Resources Enter any of these titles into your favorite Internet search engine to order or download these publications. Grasses Guide to Texas Grasses-Shaw Grasses of the Texas Hill Country: A Field Guide Grasses of Southern Oklahoma and North Texas: A Pictorial Guide-Noble Foundation Grasses of South Texas-Everitt, Drawe, Little & Lonard Grasses of the Texas Hill Country-Loflin & Loflin Know Your Grasses-Rector, Winn & Colvin Woody Species Trees, Shrubs, and Vines of the Texas Hill Country: A Field Guide-Jan Wrede A Field Guide to Common South Texas ShrubsTaylor, Rutledge, & Herrera Trees, Shrubs, and Woody Vines: A Pictorial Guide-Noble Foundation A Field Guide to Wildflowers, Trees & Shrubs of Texas-Tull & Miller Trees of Texas Field Guide-Tekiela Forest Trees of Oklahoma-Oklahoma Dept. of Forestry Trees, Shrubs, & Cacti of South Texas-Everitt, Drawe & Lonard Brush & Weeds of Texas Rangelands-Texas Agrilife Extension Reference Guide for Texas Ranchers-Texas AgriLife Extension, McGinty Grazing Land Stewardship: A Manual for Texas Landowners-Texas AgriLife Extension, Lyons, Hanselka, and Moseley Flowers and Forbs Southwestern and Texas Wildflowers-Peterson Field Guides-Niehaus Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico-Everitt, Lonard, & Little Field Guide to the Broad-Leaved Herbaceous Plants of South Texas-Everitt, et al. Wildflowers of North America-Golden Field Guides-Venning Texas Wildflowers: A Field Guide-Campbell & Lynn Loughmiller Wildflowers of Texas-Ajilvsgi Wildflowers of the Texas Hill Country-Enquist Wildflowers of the Western Plains: A Field GuideKirkpatrick Weeds of the West by the Western Society of Weed Science-Tom Whitson-Editor Wildflowers of Texas Field Guide-Nora & Rick Bowers & Stan Tekiela Plants of the Rio Grande Delta-Alfred Richardson

Common Rangeland Plants of the Texas Panhandle-NRCS-GLCI Range Plants of North Central Texas, Ricky Linex Roadside Flowers of Texas-Wills & Irwin Roadside Flowers of the Southern Great Plains-Freeman & Schofield North American Range Plants-Stubbendieck, Hatch & Hirsch Weeds of Nebraska and the Great PlainsStubbendieck, Frisoe & Bolick Horse Owner’s Field Guide to Toxic Plants-Burger Plant Identification Websites noble.org/imagegallery texnat.tamu.edu aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/index weeds.iastate.edu plants.usda.gov/gallery.html wildflower.org/plants artemis.austincollege.edu/acad/bio/gdiggs/ Testing Labs Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service Soil, Water and Forage Testing Laboratory 2478 TAMU; College Station, Texas 77843-2478; soiltesting@ag.tamu.edu; soiltesting.tamu.edu; 979-845-4816 A&L Plains Labs, Inc. 302 34th St, Lubbock, Texas 79404 806-763-4278; al-labs-plains.com Servi-Tech Labs, Amarillo Lawn, Garden and Landscape Soil Analysis servitechlabs.com; 800-557-7509 Oklahoma State University Soil, Water and Forage Analytical Laboratory 045 Agriculture Hall; Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078; soiltesting@okstate.edu; soiltesting.okstate.edu; 405-744-6630 The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Okla. 73401; noble.org; 580-223-5810 Stephen F. Austin State University Soil, Plant, and Water Analysis Laboratory P.O. Box 13025 SFA Station, Nacogdoches, Texas 75962-3025; ag.sfasu.edu; 936-468-4500 Dairy One 720 Warren Road, Ithaca, New York 14850; dairyone.com; 800-344-2697 Purchasing Sources Velpar® L VU Spot Gun-visit your local farm and ranch supply store, or contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist. To order, call 800-251-1141, and ask for Brenda. Refer to Part #ST15 VELDO. Dye-visit your local farm and ranch supply store or contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist. Soil Thermometers-Visit your local farm and ranch supply store or retailers such as Forestry Suppliers, Gemplers or online sources.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Manage Brush for Clean Fences and Better Wildlife Habitat The exterior fence around your property protects your entire business and is one of the highest capital investments. New fence construction can cost $10,000 to $30,000 per mile. It makes sense to keep the exterior fence clean of woody species. Control brush in and around established fences with Method速 240 SL herbicide with triclopyr (Remedy速 Ultra, Garlon速 3A, Element速 3A and others). This combination provides excellent control of many woody plant species that invade fencelines. Method 240 SL can also be used for sculpting wildlife habitat and can be integrated with other management methods to achieve a preferred habitat for wildlife. Method 240 SL herbicide is labeled for wildlife management areas that are not grazed by livestock. Woody species controlled by Method 240 SL tank mixes include agarito (Mahonia trifoliiota), bumelia (Bumelia spp.), catclaw acacia (Acacia greggii), coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana), flameleaf sumac (Rhus copallina), huisache (Acacia smallii), juniper (Juniperus spp.), lotebush (Zizyphus obtusifolia), honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), pricklypear (Opuntia spp.), tasajillo (Opuntia leptocaulis), Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora), Texas persimmon (Diospyros texana), whitebrush (Aloysia gratissima), and yucca (Yucca spp.). 2(ee) Recommendation for AZ, NM, OK and TX. Method 240 SL and Esplanade EZ herbicides are labeled for only non-cropland areas and cannot be used on interior fences where domestic livestock graze. Method 240 SL can be used on wildlife management areas that are not grazed by domestic livestock and on exterior fences.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

JANUARY 2018 Sunday

Monday

1 NEW YEAR’S DAY

Tuesday

Wedn

Begin to send soil samples to the labs for analysis. Plan your nutrient program for needed or projected yields. See page 7 for a list of soil testing labs. Fertilize to soil lab recommendations. Lime if necessary. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are nutrients that are virtually immobile in the soil. Plan early applications to get the most benefit from these nutrients. Test for micronutrients as well.

Delay nitrogen (N) applications until soil temperature is 60° F or higher. Now is the time to plan applications and timings for your herbicides. It’s a good idea to order sprayer parts, Velpar® L VU SpotGuns and soil thermometers this month.

15 MARTIN LUTHER KING DAY

Lice are cold weather pests in northern areas of the region. Help protect your cattle with the Bayer product that suits your cattle management style: Clean-Up™ II Pour-On Insecticide with IGR, CyLence® Pour-On Insecticide or Permectrin® CDS Pour-On Insecticide. Check with your Bayer Animal Health representative for more information on these products. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products this spring.

January and February are prime months for prescribed burns, which can help with grass stands as well as sandbur/grassbur (60) control. Coordinate prescribed burning with your local USDA NRCS office, your local burn board, the Extension agent for your county, your state wildlife agency or organizations such as The Nature Conservancy. There are also commercial companies, which can assist you by providing a turnkey burn service. Be aware of local burn bans that are enforced on a county-by-county basis. Inventory and assess early weeds and unwanted grasses in hay meadows and implement a control plan. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for assistance.

28 SOCIETY FOR RANGE MANAGEMENT ANNUAL MEETING JAN. 28-FEB.2, SPARKS, NV

Interesting fact: Every ton of bermudagrass hay that is removed from your pastures contains 50 pounds of nitrogen (N), 14 pounds of phosphorous (P) and 42 pounds of potassium (K). Remember the ratio: 4-1-3 for N, P & K removal.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

31 CATTLE

INDUSTRY CONVENTION & TRADE SHOW, JAN. 31-FEB. 2, PHOENIX, AZ

nesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Begin to line up your custom applicator for both hay meadows and native pasture spraying. Avoid the rush. Continue to implement pasture renovations in hay meadows if compaction is an issue.

12 FORT WORTH STOCK SHOW & RODEO, JAN. 12-FEB. 3

Cold weather can stress new calves. Support healthy calves with healthy cows. Bayer Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant aids in the treatment of BRD due to Mannheimia haemolytica in cattle 4 months of age or older, when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event.

Now is a great time to begin or to continue Velpar® L VU IPT or fenceline applications to control mesquite, juniper or many other brush species. Do not apply Velpar® L VU to saturated soil.

Always read and follow all label directions and precautions for use. Not all products are registered for sale or use in all states. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for details and availability. Copyright © 2018. All Rights Reserved. The Bayer logo and all products denoted with a ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of Bayer or its affiliates. Contact your local Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for application timing of any Bayer Range & Pasture product specific to your area. Fall or winter rains can bring on unwanted weeds or unwanted grass pressures in range and pastures. Cimarron® MAX, Cimarron® Plus or Pastora® can help manage your weed or unwanted grass problems. January is a great time to attend winter CEU or CCA classes to obtain or renew a herbicide applicator’s license. Check with your local Extension offices for dates in your area. Certain products are restricted-use or State Limited Use (SLU) and in most states, both categories require a herbicide applicator’s license. Cimarron® MAX, Cimarron® Plus, Pastora®, Velpar® L VU and Esplanade® EZ are not restricted use products. Cimarron® MAX is SLU in Texas and does require a license to purchase.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

FEBRUARY 2018 Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wedn

Tune up your sprayers–calibrate, change nozzles and update pumps or hoses. Learn about sprayer calibration on page 5. On native range or introduced pastures, late fall or early winter rains can initiate heavy weed or grass germination. Many thistles (51) or broomweeds (36) can germinate in the fall as well as spring. Cimarron® MAX (2, 4-D + dicamba + metsulfuron) or Cimarron® Plus can help manage many problem broadleaf weeds early. Smaller weeds (less than 2 inches) require less herbicide to provide good results.

When yucca (72) begins to break dormancy and approaches bloom, broadcast or use an IPT application of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus for control. Check with your local USDA NRCS, Extension agent or your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for the proper tank mix. Refer to 2ee recommendations.

Cold weather can stress new calves. Support healthy calves with healthy cows. Bayer Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant can be administered any time of the year, when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event.

VALENTINE’S DAY

In southern areas, implement milkweed control with Cimarron® MAX. In central and South Texas, begin to scout bermudagrass pastures for KR bluestem (58), sandburs/ grassburs (60) or johnsongrass (57).

Based on your location and January soil test results, consider starting nitrogen (N) applications to hay meadows and introduced pastures when soil temperatures reach 60° F or warmer.

19 PRESIDENT’S DAY

Train your herbicide applicator to know how and where Velpar® L VU fits in your brush management program. Consider hiring a professional applicator for this task. Do not apply Velpar® L VU to saturated soil. Always be aware of slope and/or other potential non-target issues with Velpar® L VU. Apply Esplanade® EZ along fencelines, in and around pens, machinery yards and around farm and ranch buildings. Esplanade® EZ can also be used along driveways, sidewalks and other non-crop areas to keep these places clean for up to six months.

27 HOUSTON LIVESTOCK

SHOW & RODEO, FEB. 27-MARCH 18

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

nesday

Thursday

Friday

2 SAN ANGELO STOCK SHOW & RODEO, FEB. 2–18

Saturday

Order your soil thermometer and begin scouting for sandburs/grassburs. They start to emerge at 72° F soil temperature.

8 SAN ANTONIO STOCK SHOW & RODEO, FEB. 8–25

In southern areas of the region, flies will soon become a pest. Treat for flies with insecticidal fly tags. Corathon® and CyLence Ultra® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tags are both effective against horn flies and face flies for up to 5 months. Bayer PatriotTM Insecticide Cattle Ear Tags are effective against pyrethroid-resistant horn flies for up to 5 months. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products this spring.

Begin or continue Velpar® L VU IPT applications to control mesquite, juniper and many other brush species in range and pastures or along fencelines. Velpar® L VU also controls huisache (68), osage orange (bois d’arc), hackberry (67), locust (67), sweetgum and many more unwanted brush species.

If seeding new grasses in range and pastures, an application of Cimarron® Plus (1/8 ounce per acre) can be made pre-planting, pre-emergence or early post-emergence to the grasses. Apply after the new grasses are at the threeto four-leaf stage if applying at early post-emergence. *This is a new and much needed use and label for Cimarron® Plus.

Bermudagrass Producers Don’t let unwanted winter annual grasses or broadleaf weeds use expensive nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Scout bermudagrass pastures for annual ryegrass (54), little barley (58), cheatgrass (55), rescuegrass (60), downy or Japanese brome as well as broadleaf weeds such as henbit (42), thistles (51), chickweed, Carolina geranium and many others. In central or South Texas, begin or continue to scout for johnsongrass (57) and sandbur/grassbur (60) germination and for KR bluestem (58) emergence. An application of Pastora® or of Cimarron® Plus mixed with glyphyosate can manage both broadleaf weeds and unwanted grasses to ensure a clean hayfield from the beginning. Cimarron® Plus mixed with glyphosate is a good treatment if bermudagrass is completely dormant. Use Pastora® if the bermudagrass has broken dormancy or if any green bermudagrass growth is present at the base of the plant. Pastora® or Cimarron® Plus controls more than 25 grasses and 100–plus broadleaf weeds in bermudagrass pastures.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

MARCH 2018 Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wedn

Early control of unwanted grasses or weeds in rangeland, pastures or in bermudagrass pastures will return the most dollars. Ask your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist how long control can be expected with a herbicide. Cimarron® MAX, Cimarron® Plus and Pastora® have the residual benefit of Cimarron®. Controlling weeds today is essential, but being able to control weeds that germinate later is a big advantage as well. In native pastures, either Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus can provide long-lasting weed control that helps to keep your pastures clean. In bermudagrass pastures, Pastora®, Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus can provide the same benefit. These products can help manage annual milkweed or crotons that emerge later (see pages 39, 44 & 45).

6 OKLAHOMA YOUTH EXPO, MAR. 6-16, OKC

TEXAS PRIMARY ELECTION DAY

7 WICHITA FALLS FARM & RANCH EXPO, MAR. 7-8

Apply or continue to apply Esplanade® EZ along fencelines, in and around pens, machinery yards and around farm and ranch buildings. Esplanade® EZ can also be used along driveways, sidewalks and other non-crop areas to keep these places clean for up to six months. Begin or continue control of mesquite (69), juniper, huisache (68) and many more species with Velpar® L VU on rangelands and in pastures or along fencelines. Be aware of any possible non-target issues. Review earlier months for application tips on Velpar® L VU. Scout and begin native pasture applications with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus if broomweed (36) or other weeds are at economic levels.

11 DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME BEGINS 12

Continue to use IPT or broadcast applications of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus to control yucca (72). Check with local USDA NRCS, Extension agent or your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for the proper tank mix. Refer to 2ee recommendations.

25 PALM SUNDAY

Implement dewberry (66) control before blooming or berry set with Cimarron® Plus at a minimum of 5/8 ounce product per acre. If seeding any new pastures, an application of Cimarron® Plus, at a rate of 1/8 ounce per acre, can be made pre-plant (before planting), pre-emergence (after planting but before emergence) or early postemergence after the newly seeded grasses have three to four true leaves. Check with your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for more information in grass establishment and weed management in newly seeded grasses.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

nesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

If phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were applied earlier as suggested, plan your nitrogen (N) applications to maximize hay yields. Soil temperatures need to be 60° F or more to utilize nitrogen (N). If bahiagrass (54) is an issue in bermudagrass pastures, implement control with Cimarron® MAX, Cimarron® Plus or Pastora®. At least ½ ounce per acre of Cimarron® is needed to do a good job on this invasive grass, so do the calculations to make sure the product of choice has that amount of Cimarron® in it. In South Texas, implement KR bluestem (58) control with Pastora®. Two applications will be needed to manage this tough and invasive grass. Repeat the second application four to eight weeks after the first application. Talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for additional advice and recommendations. Continue applications of Pastora® for early-season unwanted grass control in bermudagrass pastures. When bermudagrass has broken dormancy, stop any glyphosate applications, in accordance with current labels.

10 AUSTIN RODEO, MAR. 10–24

Some weeds or grasses may be tolerant or resistant to certain herbicides. Change your cultural practices and/ or choose a herbicide with a different mode of action to handle these resistant weeds or grasses. Be proactive in managing them.

Defend your beef operation at every point. Flies and ticks can wreak havoc on the productivity of your cattle operation. They can transmit disease, destroy property and disrupt feeding – and cattle that aren’t eating aren’t growing. Fly season is starting. Check with your Bayer representative for the best Bayer class of insecticide and delivery method – fly tags, sprays, pour-ons, insecticidal dust, larvicides – for your management style and area. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products this spring.

Begin or continue to scout for many broadleaf weeds. Many weeds germinate when the soil temperature reaches 80° F or more. Once again, soil thermometers and soil probes are very useful tools to have around your farm or ranch.

CATTLE RAISERS CONVENTION, MAR. 23-25, FORT WORTH PLEASE COME BY THE BAYER BOOTH TO HEAR ABOUT PRODUCTS AND UPDATES

NCHA SUPER STAKES, MAR. 23-APR. 14

30 GOOD FRIDAY PASSOVER, MARCH 30-APRIL 7

Unwanted vegetation around barns, stalls, working pens and similar areas can become a host for unwanted pests such as flies and/or mosquitoes. Esplanade EZ is a great tool to manage unwanted vegetation in these areas. Both Esplanade EZ and Method 240 SL are tools to help manage weeds, grasses and unwanted brush in fence lines. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture specialists (3) for specific details and recommendations.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

APRIL 2018 Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wedn

1 EASTER

17 TAXES DUE

Fall, winter or early spring rains are great indicators of possible heavy weed or grass pressure in range and pastures. Seedling weeds are often hard to detect. Scouting and weed identification are your best tools. Start early! Download weed identification information (7) to help you address your farm or ranch weed issues. Early application of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus is useful in maximizing grass production and can help stop late-season weed problems. These products in a good program can help manage many weed or grass problems. Talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist to determine which one fits your program: Cimarron® MAX-native, bermudagrass or introduced grasses; Cimarron® Plus-native, bermudagrass or introduced grasses (also new seeding plantings); Pastora®-bermudagrass. Implement bahiagrass (54) control in bermudagrass pastures or hay fields with any of the above products. Ensure you have at least 1/2 oz/acre Cimarron® MAX in mix. In bermudagrass pastures, initiate control or suppression of sandbur/grassbur (60), johnsongrass (57) and KR bluestem (58) with Pastora®. Applications to sandbur should be made when the seedlings are two inches or less. Johnsongrass should be in the 12- to 18-inch size, and in the preboot stage. Good coverage on both of these species is also very important. Nozzle spacing and size of nozzles are also very important. Flat fan type nozzles with narrow spacing (20 inches) are recommended. Pastora® can be applied in nitrogen (N) fertilizer, but should be limited to 30 pounds of actual nitrogen (N) per/acre or less. Talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist to ensure best results. Scout and continue or begin applications of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus herbicide in native or introduced pastures. Early applications of these herbicides when weeds are small (less than two inches) will provide the best results and most return for dollars invested..

Use Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus to manage weeds in introduced or native pastures this spring and still be able to plant legumes in the same pasture this fall. See product label for guidance on planting legumes or wildlife plants four months after application. Implement saw palmetto control with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. Make applications of Velpar® L VU for rattail smutgrass (59) control. Use three pints of product per acre, with no surfactant, to lessen injury to the bermudagrass. Control requires an annual application for the next two years. Begin weed and mesquite suppression in rangeland using Cimarron® MAX. Assess nitrogen (N) needs in introduced or bermudagrass pastures. Soil temperatures need to be at 60° F or above to best utilize nitrogen (N).

22 EARTH DAY

Initiate Sericea lespedeza (48) suppression with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus (resume control in September and October). In central and South Texas, manage the nightshade (45 & 46) complex and 150 more weeds with Cimarron® MAX, broadcast or as an IPT treatment. Review 2ee recommendation or contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist.

West of IH 35, continue to identify pastures with broomweed (36), broom snakeweed (36), sunflower (49) or yucca (72) problems. Continue to use broadcast or IPT applications of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus to control yucca on rangeland. Check with local USDA NRCS, Extension agent or your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for the proper tank mix. Refer to 2ee recommendations. Be aware of potentially sensitive crops when applying herbicides, as well as regulations and restrictions for your county. Plan ahead and consult with your applicator or Extension agent for restrictions for your county. Apply or continue to apply Esplanade® EZ along fencelines, in and around pens, machinery yards and around farm & ranch buildings. Esplanade® EZ can also be used along driveways, sidewalks and other non-crop areas to keep these places clean for up to six months.

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When soil temperatures reach 75° F at 12 inches of depth, begin suppression or control of mesquite. Use Cimarron® MAX or a tank mix of Cimarron® Plus mixed with 2-4D or Banvel® to implement mesquite suppression. Control fly infestations with Rabon® Oral Larvicide. After only 2 days, Rabon® Oral Larvicide starts killing fly larvae in manure.1 You shouldn’t have to wait 30 days for a feed-through to take effect. Rabon offers fast feed-through fly control of the 4 major fly species when used as part of an integrated fly control program. Check with your Bayer representative for more information.

Prepare for spring by deworming your cattle. Most parasites are found out in the pasture. When treating in the spring, you target 95 percent of the parasite population that have already infected and are currently infecting cattle through their grazing behavior.2 Talk to your veterinarian about a strategic deworming program that includes Cydectin® (moxidectin). Cydectin® (moxidectin) Pour-On provides long-lasting control of internal parasites - including 28 days of control of the brown stomach worm and is dung beetle friendly. Dung beetles provide an estimated $380 million of economic benefit annually in the U.S.3 *Keep Cydectin out of reach of children.

19 OKLAHOMA CITY FARM SHOW, APRIL 19-21

21 SAN JACINTO DAY

Useful information: Use these products on these labeled areas – Cimarron® MAX: Native, introduced, bermudagrass Cimarron® Plus: Native, newly seeded, introduced, bermudagrass Pastora®: Bermudagrass pastures

Monitor soil temperatures on your farm or ranch. This is a reliable way to determine sandbur germination. Sandbur or grassbur (60) will germinate at 72° F. Other key weed species, including crotons (39) and milkweed (44 & 45) species, will not germinate until soil temperatures reach 80° F or more. Talk to your custom applicator or your Bayer representative about Bayer’s new generation of brush herbicide. Keep your fencelines clear of brush, greenbriar and other damaging plants. Always read and follow all label directions and precautions for use. Not all products are registered for sale or use in all states. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for details and availability. Copyright © 2018. All Rights Reserved. The Bayer logo and all products denoted with a ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of Bayer or its affiliates. Contact your local Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for application timing of any Bayer Range & Pasture product specific to your area. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products this spring.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

MAY 2018 Sunday

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Herbicide timing and weed or grass identification are keys to success. Control weeds or grasses when they are small and actively growing to obtain maximum benefits from herbicide dollars. Check page 7 for some excellent resources for identifying problem weeds or contact your local Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for further help. Flies can have a serious impact on your livestock from now until October. Do you notice your cattle bunching up? They may be trying to get away from flies. The cattle on the outer edge of the bunch are being bitten, but the cattle in the middle may be suffering heat stress. No matter where the cattle are in the bunch they are not grazing and not gaining weight. Ask your veterinarian whether sprays, pour-ons, insecticidal tags, dust bags or an oral larvicide would be best for your operation.

Continue to scout for sandbur/grassbur (60) and johnsongrass (57), along with KR bluestem (58) and bahiagrass (54) in bermudagrass pastures. Remember these tips to get the most from your Pastora® applications: Apply when bermudagrass has less than two inches of growth; Apply when sandbur/grassbur seedlings are two inches or smaller–if the seedlings are larger, a tank mix of Pastora® mixed with glyphosate may be recommended or needed. Check the Pastora® label for additional information; Apply when johnsongrass is in the pre-boot stage; Limit nitrogen (N) to 30 pounds actual nitrogen (N) when applying Pastora®. Coverage is essential, so flat fan type nozzles on 20-inch spacing are preferred. Ask your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for Bayer’s technical sheet on sandbur/grassbur or Dr. Paul Baumann’s, Texas A&M University, fact sheet on grassbur for additional information on controlling this problem.

13 MOTHER’S DAY

Continue Sericea lespedeza (48) control with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. Resume treatment in September and October. Use IPT or broadcast applications of Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus to control yucca (72) on rangeland. Check with local USDA NRCS, Extension agent or your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for the proper tank mix. Refer to 2ee recommendations. Timing studies by Dr. Paul Baumann, Texas A&M University, and Dr. Ron Sosebee, Texas Tech University, have indicated the best control results on nightshades (45 & 46) and horsenettles (38) have been when applications are made during the green-berry stage. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for further information on these tough-to-control weed problems and for local recommendations.

Make applications of Velpar L VU for rattail smutgrass (59) control. Use three pints of product per acre, with no surfactant. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for local recommendations. Control requires an annual application for the next two years. Be aware of potentially sensitive crops when applying all herbicides, as well as regulations and restrictions for your county. Plan ahead and consult with your applicator or Extension agent for restrictions for your county. ®

28 MEMORIAL DAY

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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5 CINCO DE MAYO

Oklahoma – Treat buckbrush with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for specific recommendations. Continue to scout range and pastures for any new or introduced weeds. Begin or continue with weed and mesquite suppression using Cimarron® MAX.

10 WESTERN HERITAGE CLASSIC, MAY 10-13, ABILENE

Treat for Gulf Coast ticks and Spinose ear ticks with Corathon®, CyLence Ultra® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tags or Patriot® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tags. Consider using Permectrin® CDS Pour-On Insecticide to control horn flies, face flies and stable flies; or consider using Co-Ral® Fly & Tick Spray to control horn flies and face flies. Check with your Bayer representative for product recommendations.

Continue IPT applications with Velpar L VU to manage mesquite, juniper and many more species in range and pasture and along fencelines. Continue with Esplanade® EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses. ®

Talk to your custom applicator or your Bayer representative about Bayer’s new generation of brush herbicide. Keep your fencelines clear of brush, greenbriar and other damaging plants. Unwanted vegetation around barns, stalls, working pens and similar areas can become a host for unwanted pests such as flies and/or mosquitoes. Esplanade EZ is a great tool to manage unwanted vegetation in these areas. Both Esplanade EZ and Method 240 SL are tools to help manage weeds, grasses and unwanted brush in fence lines. Contact your Bayer R&P specialists on page 3 for specific details and recommendations.

31 Monitor soil temperatures on your farm or ranch; this is a reliable way to determine problem weed or grass germination. Sandbur or grassbur (60) will germinate at 72° F. Other key weed species, including crotons (39) and milkweed (44 & 45) species, germinate when soil temperatures reach 80° or more. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products this spring.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

JUNE 2018 Sunday

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Wrap up weed control and/or mesquite suppression applications on range and pastures. Always be aware of sensitive crops and or county restrictions for 2, 4-D and/or Banvel®. Join Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association (TSCRA) members at the TSCRA Summer Meeting. A relaxed schedule allows you to enjoy your surroundings and still learn about issues important to cattle raisers. June 15 -16, Marfa.

6 D-DAY

Dusty conditions can aggravate pinkeye in your cattle. Work with your veterinarian to recognize the symptoms and develop a treatment plan.

Make applications of Velpar® L VU for rattail smutgrass (59) control. Use three pints of product per acre, with no surfactant. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for more information on local recommendations. Control requires an annual application for the next two years. Continue to scout and manage weeds, grasses and/or insects on both rangeland and in introduced pastures.

17 FATHER’S DAY

As you continue your nutrient management program for bermudagrass, remember that every ton of bermudagrass hay has 50 pounds nitrogen (N), 14 pounds phosphorus (P) and 42 pounds of potassium (K). Don’t mine the nutrients from your soils. Always be aware of potentially sensitive crops when applying all herbicides, as well as the regulations and restrictions for your county. Plan ahead and consult with your applicator or Extension agent for restrictions for your county.

Continue with Esplanade® EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses.

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Initiate broadcast and IPT applications to perennial weeds and yucca with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. See 2ee recommendations or talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for more information. Continue Velpar® L VU IPT applications to juniper, mesquite (69) and other brush species in ranges and pastures, as well as along fencelines. Always be aware of potential non-target issues. Continue bermudagrass nutrient and weed or grass control management. Use Pastora® to manage sandbur/grassbur (60), johnsongrass (57) and many other grasses. Pastora® can also be used as a spot treatment. Refer to spot treatment section on the label. For best results, mix 2.5 ounces in 100 gallons of water along with a good adjuvant.

Watch your cattle for heat stress in the warmer months. Adequate water and shade will help them to continue grazing. During grazing season, studies show that yearling cattle heavily infested with horn flies can gain from 15 to 50 pounds less than those without horn fly control.1

14 FLAG DAY

15 TSCRA SUMMER MEETING, JUNE 15–16, MARFA

Bayer Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant can be administered any time of the year when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products to plan your fall herd health program.

Talk to your custom applicator or your Bayer representative about Bayer’s new generation of brush herbicide. Keep your fencelines clear of brush, greenbriar and other damaging plants.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

JULY 2018 Sunday

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4 INDEPENDENCE

DAY

Some perennial weeds are best controlled or managed during the green-berry or flowering stages of growth. Identify and implement control of these species with Cimarron® MAX during this time. Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for further local recommendations.

BRD is often overlooked in summer, especially on cow-calf operations because they don’t expect to have to treat calves for stress-related diseases like pneumonia this time of year. But in drier situations, with young calves going to water while following the mother, those calves are right at the level where the animals are kicking up dust and they can’t get fresh air. Calves breathe in particulate that can interfere with the respiratory tract’s normal defense mechanisms. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products to plan your fall herd health program.

Consider planting wildlife-friendly food plots. If you used Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus, you can successfully plant crops that will benefit wildlife species or provide additional grazing forages for your cattle. Evaluate your pastures after they’ve been grazed off to see which grasses are increasing or decreasing. Clean out stock tanks and remove algae growth. Maintain the integrity of your dams by removing vegetation that could weaken the structure through root growth.

Continue your IPT plan with Velpar® L VU to control mixed brush species such as mesquite (69) and juniper with Velpar® L VU, in range and pastures as well as along fencelines. Always be aware of non-target species or offtarget movement. Continue to monitor nutrients in bermudagrass pastures. Apply additional nutrients if needed. One ton of bermudagrass hay contains 50 pounds of actual nitrogen (N), 14 pounds of actual phosphorus (P), and 42 pounds of actual potassium (K). Continue with Esplanade® EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, such as along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses.

Earlier applications of Cimarron® MAX and Cimarron® Plus can help provide control or suppression of many weeds that emerge this time of year. These include crotons (38), buffalobur and annual milkweed (44 & 45) species.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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Flies can have a serious impact on your livestock until October. Do you notice your cattle bunching up? They may be trying to get away from flies. The cattle on the outer edge of the bunch are being bitten, but the cattle in the middle may be suffering heat stress. No matter where the cattle are in the bunch they are not grazing and not gaining weight.

12 WILDLIFE 2018, JULY 12–15, SAN ANTONIO

Continue to scout your bermudagrass pastures and hay meadows. Pastora® can be applied between cuttings. Plan a post-cutting or spot treatment application of Pastora® if sandbur/grassbur (60) or other problem grasses are present. A tank mix of Pastora® and glyphosate can increase control of bigger sandburs. Sequential applications of Pastora®, up to 2.5 ounce per season, are also allowed. Implement spot treatment of unwanted weedy grasses such as KR bluestem (58), johnsongrass (57) and bahiagrass (54) with Pastora® after the first hay cutting. (2.5 ounces of Pastora® in 100 gallons of water plus a good adjuvant is recommended.) Check with your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for application timings.

20 OKLAHOMA CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATION CONVENTION, JULY 20–21

Cimarron® Plus has a label for newly seeded grasses. This product can be used: • Pre-plant – before planting • Pre-emergence – after planting, but before grass emergence • Post-emergence – after young grasses are in the three to four true-leaf stages Contact your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for more information and for specific tank mixes or grass species.

Talk to your custom applicator or your Bayer representative about Bayer’s new generation of brush herbicide. Keep your fencelines clear of brush, greenbriar and other damaging plants.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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1 Watch your cattle for heat stress. If cows are lying down a long way from water, move them to water in the cooler evening hours. Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products.

6 TEXAS A&M BEEF CATTLE SHORT COURSE, AUG. 6-8, COLLEGE STATION

Watch your calves for respiratory illness caused by dry, dusty conditions. Calves that have been sold, shipped to other locations and processed may benefit from use of an immunostimulant, such as Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant. Zelnate aids in the treatment of BRD due to Mannheimia haemolytica in cattle 4 months of age or older, when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event. Zelnate jumpstarts the animal’s innate immune system, the first internal line of defense in protecting against disease.

Continue KR bluestem (58), sandbur/grassbur (60), johnsongrass (57) and bahiagrass (54) treatments with Pastora® between bermudagrass hay cuttings.

Continue Velpar L VU IPT applications in rangeland and pastures as well as fenceline treatments. Continue with Esplanade® EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, such as along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses. ®

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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Wrap up saw palmetto control with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. Certain perennial weeds are best controlled during green-berry stage. Talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for further information on management of perennial weeds such as horsenettle (38), silverleaf nightshade (45 & 46) or others.

Talk to your custom applicator or your Bayer representative about Bayer’s new generation of brush herbicide. Keep your fencelines clear of brush, greenbriar and other damaging plants.

17 TEXAS RANCH ROUNDUP, AUG. 17-18, WICHITA FALLS

Initiate fall huisache (68) suppression applications with Cimarron® MAX or Velpar®L VU. Talk to your Bayer Range & Pasture Specialist for further recommendations on timing and applications.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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Monitor for BRD in your cattle herd by evaluating all possible causes for stress on the cattle and determine which ones can be decreased or eliminated. Some ways to reduce stress include: • Avoiding processing, weaning or shipping cattle in bad weather • Ensure animals have sufficient water and feed access • Provide animals plenty of dry, clean bedding to prevent damp and dirty conditions

3 LABOR DAY

Implement Sericea lespedeza (48) control with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. Continue until frost. Wrap up control of KR bluestem (58), johnsongrass (57), sandbur/ grassbur (60) and bahiagrass (54). Continue with Esplanade® EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, such as along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses.

9 ROSH HASHANA, SEPT. 9-11

11 PATRIOT DAY

Cydectin® (moxidectin) Pour-On provides persistent activity against several key species, including the brown stomach worm, the costliest internal parasite of cattle in the U.S.2 Increased persistency results in fewer parasite eggs shed, reduced pasture parasite levels and increased opportunities for weight gain. *Keep Cydectin out of reach of children.

18 YOM KIPPUR, SEPT. 18-19

Now is a good time to continue control and management of KR bluestem (58) with a second application of Pastora®. Send hay samples to a lab for analysis to evaluate your feeding needs and requirements. Scout fall pastures for any early germinating winter broadleaf or grasses. Implement control if necessary. Remember that you need at least three weeks prior to frost for adequate control of weeds or grasses in range and pastures. Check the long-term weather forecast and plan ahead.

Begin to soil test and start preparations for fall applications of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). These nutrients are fairly insoluble and immobile in the soil, so early applications will provide the best results and the most from your nutrient dollars.

30 26

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

TSCRA POLICY CONFERENCE, SEPT. 26–28. OMNI BARTON CREEK, AUSTIN

Check The Cattleman calendar for CEU and CCA opportunities this fall. Huisache (68) and many other species can be spot-treated year round with Velpar® L VU. A broadcast application of Cimarron® MAX this month can provide great suppression.

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1 Scout for new weed species on your way to your favorite hunting spot. Treat these weeds with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus.

Internal parasites wreak havoc on the health of cattle, causing negative impacts on lactation, growth, and even increase the animal’s susceptibility to life-threatening diseases. Be sure you have the tools you need to deworm this fall.

13 OKLAHOMA STATE FAIR,

SEPT. 13–23

28 STATE FAIR OF TEXAS, SEPT. 28-OCT. 21, DALLAS

Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

OCTOBER 2018 Sunday

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8 COLUMBUS DAY

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3 Potentially the first frost in many areas across Texas or Oklahoma or New Mexico (be prepared)

Scout winter wheat pastures for moisture-robbing unwanted grasses and broadleaf weeds. If a calf shows signs of BRD, consult with your veterinarian about using Baytril® 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable as a treatment option. Antibiotics such as Baytril 100 deliver a reliable, cost-effective treatment option. Baytril 100 is a sterile, ready-to-use injectable antimicrobial solution that contains enrofloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone that kills the four major BRD-causing bacteria. Baytril 100 is for use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. See product label on page 82.

24 SOUTH

Implement liming, phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) applications according to soil test analysis.

Remove the Bayer insecticide cattle ear tags applied to cattle in the spring to help maintain efficacy of their ear tags. Leaving ear tags in throughout the year after most of the insecticide has been distributed onto the animal exposes flies to less than lethal amounts of insecticide which can select for resistant flies.

TEXAS FARM & RANCH SHOW, OCT. 24-25, VICTORIA

31 HALLOWEEN

If you applied Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus to spring pastures, you can safely plant legumes in those pastures this month. Check your legume-interseeding program. Continue to plant legumes and clovers in pastures as well as food plots for wildlife. Overseeded pastures that are planted to wheat or triticale can be treated with Cimarron® Plus for winter annual weed control. Continue huisache (68), Sericea lespedeza (48) and dewberry (66) control this month with Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus. This also helps manage many early weed problems.

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October is a good month to begin early season soil testing. Send soil samples to the lab for fertility analysis. Send hay samples to the lab for complete nutrient analysis. Knowing what your hay provides will help determine your livestock feeding needs for the upcoming winter months.

Check the long-range weather forecast for your area. Allow three weeks before the first frost for huisache (68) and Sericea lespedeza (48) applications.

Fall and winter are prime time for parasite infections. Cattle are exposed to internal parasites all summer while grazing. Cattle then carry the infections with them when they come off pasture, which can negatively affect how well they feed. Deworming in the fall as soon as cattle are coming off pasture keeps the herd clean during winter and maximizes the benefits of winter hay and supplements. Cydectin®(moxidectin) Pour-On or Cydectin® (moxidectin) Injectable can be an important part of your fall and winter parasite protocols. Cydectin uses a unique molecular structure leading to greater distribution in the fat of the animal. Because of this, both Cydectin Pour-On and Cydectin Injectable kill key internal and external parasites such as lice, mites and grubs. *Keep Cydectin out of reach of children.

Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products.

27 Pasture, forage and rangeland insurance deadline for 2019 coverage is Nov. 15. Look for agents and information at rma.usda.gov.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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Consult with custom applicators/dealers and Bayer Range & Pasture Specialists about any early purchase incentives on herbicide products for range, pasture, wheat or other crops you may grow. Consult with the experts at USDA NRCS and Texas Grazing Lands Conservation on 2019 land use plans. Pasture, forage and rangeland insurance deadline for 2019 coverage is Nov. 15. Look for agents and information at rma.usda.gov.

4 DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME ENDS

6 ELECTION DAY

While you are hunting this season, scout for emerging weeds such as broomweed (36) and thistles (51) and any wildlife-friendly forbs. This information will help you make weed control decisions next spring. If you haven’t already, remove the Bayer insecticide cattle ear tags applied to cattle in the spring.

11 VETERANS DAY

Consider including a dye with Velpar L VU IPT treatments for mixed brush and fenceline applications. ®

For control of internal parasites, lice mange and more use Cydectin® (moxidectin) Pour-On. Cydectin Pour-On provides zero meat-withdrawal time, a weatherproof formulation and broad spectrum control of external parasites, including 4 species of biting and sucking lice. *Keep Cydectin out of reach of children.

Control unwanted brush on hunting lanes with Velpar® L VU.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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1 U.S. HEALTHCARE OPEN ENROLLMENT BEGINS

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Wrap up applications of Esplanade® EZ along fencelines, in pens and machinery yards, around buildings, along driveways and sidewalks and other non-crop applications to keep these areas clean for up to six months.

8 WORKING RANCH COWBOYS

ASSOCIATION 23RD RANCH RODEO, NOV. 8-11

Observe calves daily for signs of BRD or other ailments. The most common signs are nasal and eye discharges, coughing, fever, decreased appetite, breathing difficulty, rapid breathing, depression, etc. Consider adding Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant to your fall BRD treatment strategy.

15 DEADLINE TO SIGN UP FOR PASTURE, FORAGE AND RANGELAND INSURANCE FOR 2019

22 THANKSGIVING DAY

Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

DECEMBER 2018 Sunday

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Continue your IPT brush control program with Bayer Velpar® L VU while feeding or working cattle, fixing fences or performing other chores at the ranch. Cold weather can stress new calves. Support healthy calves with healthy cows. Bayer Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant can be used as an aid in the treatment of BRD due to Mannheimia haemolytica in cattle 4 months of age or older, when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event.

2 CHANUKKAH, DEC. 2-10

Attend workshops to complete CEU or CCA requirements. Continue or begin Esplanade EZ applications where extended control of weeds or grasses is desired, such as along fencelines, around buildings and in non-crop areas. Esplanade® EZ can provide these areas with up to six months control of unwanted weeds and grasses. ®

Bayer Animal Health references

1. Data on file. Bayer, Shawnee Mission, KS. 2. Stromberg BE, Averbeck GA. (1998). What’s new for parasite control in cattle. University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy website. Available at: http://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/117341/Stromberg. pdf?sequence=1. Accessed May 15, 2017. 3. Losey J, Vaughan M. (2006). The economic value of ecological services provided by insects. BioScience. 56(4):311-323. 4. Drummond RO, Lambert G, Smalley HE, Terrill CE. Estimated losses of livestock to pests. In: Pimentel D, ed. (1981). Handbook of Pest Management in Agriculture. Vol 1. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 111-127

24 CHRISTMAS EVE

25 CHRISTMAS DAY

30 32

31 NEW YEAR’S EVE

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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1 Look for bargains on spring purchases and take advantage of special year-end pricing and buying opportunities.

6 TULSA FARM SHOW, DEC. 6-8

Winter is a prime time for parasite infections. Biting and sucking lice are external parasites that cause an estimated $126 million of annual economic loss in the U.S4. Lice reproduce more in the cold weather. Cattle also tend to bunch together to stay warm, which quickens the spread of lice throughout the herd. CleanUp™ II Pour-On Insecticide with IGR kills both adult lice and eggs.

Contact your Bayer representative about cattle health products.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Season-long control for more successful results.

Cimarron PLUS

Cattle and forage producers have wanted and needed a herbicide to help manage problem weeds in rangeland and pastures. They are looking for solutions that are economical and have no grazing or haying restrictions. CimarronÂŽ PLUS delivers on all three. It offers residual control to protect pasture and rangeland grasses from problem broadleaf weeds, and it offers good activity on woody species. For more information, visit BayerVM.com.

Do not use Cimarron PLUS in the following counties of Colorado: Alamosa, Conejos, Costilla, Rio Grande and Saquache. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Cimarron are registered trademarks of Bayer. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ÂŠ2017 Bayer CropScience LP.

Common name: Beebalm or horsemint Scientific name: Monarda citriodora Treat with: Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus or Pastora®

Common name: Bitter sneezeweed Scientific name: Helenium amarum Treat with: Cimarron® MAX, Cimarron® Plus or Pastora®

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Broom snakeweed Scientific name: Gutierrezia sarothrae Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus

Common name: Broomweed Scientific name: Amphiachyris dracunculoides Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus

Common broomweed seedling 36

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Brushy eryngo Scientific name: Eryngo diffusum Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

Brushy eryngo seedhead Common name: Camphorweed Scientific name: Heterotheca latifolia Buckl. or Heterotheca subaxillaris Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Carolina horsenettle Scientific name: Solanum carolinense Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX

Common name: Cocklebur Scientific name: Xanthium strumarium L. Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX, Cimarron速 Plus or Pastora速

Cocklebur seedling

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Croton, one-seed Scientific name: Croton monanthogynus Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus

One seed croton in pasture Common name: Croton, woolly Scientific name: Croton capitatus Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus

Woolly croton

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Curlycup gumweed Scientific name: Grindelia squarrosa Treat with: Cimarron® MAX

Curlycup gumweed seedling Common name: Devil’s claw Scientific name: Proboscidea louisianica Treat with: Cimarron® MAX

Devil’s claw seed pod

Devil’s claw flowering

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Gayfeather spp. Scientific name: Liatris spp. Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Goldenrod Scientific name: Haplopappus heterophyllus or Solidago odorata Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Grey gold aster Scientific name: Heterotheca canescens Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Henbit Scientific name: Lamium amplixicaule L. Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus or Pastora速

Henbit seedling 42

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Lowland cudweed Scientific name: Gnaphalium palustre Treat with: Cimarron® MAX

Lowland cudweed seedling

Common name: Marestail Scientific name: Conyza canadensis Treat with: Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus

Marestail seedling

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Marsh elder Scientific name: Iva annua Treat with: Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus

Marsh elder seedling

Common name: Milkweed, antelope horn Scientific name: Asclepias viridis Treat with: Cimarron® MAX

Antelope horn milkweed seedling 44

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Milkweed, Snow-on-the-Prairie/Snow-on-the-Mountain Scientific name: Euphorbia bicolor/Euphorbia marginata Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX

Common name: Nightshade, buffalobur Scientific name: Solanum rostratum Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX, Cimarron速 or Pastora速

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Nightshade, silverleaf Scientific name: Solanum elaeagnifolium Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

Common name: Poison ivy Scientific name: Toxicodendron radicans Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Ragweed, giant Scientific name: Ambrosia trifida Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

Common name: Ragweed, western Scientific name: Ambrosia psilostachya Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX

Western ragweed seedling

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Sericea lespedeza Scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX or CimarronÂŽ Plus

Common name: Spiny aster, wolfweed Scientific name: Leucosyris spinosa Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Sunflower Scientific name: Helianthus annuus Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus or Pastora速

Common name: Sunflower, maximillian Scientific name: Helianthus maximilliani Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX

Sunflower, maximillian seedling

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Texas groundsel Scientific name: Senecio ampullaceus Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX or CimarronÂŽ Plus

Common name: Texas prickly poppy Scientific name: Argemone albiflora Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Thistles complex Scientific name: Cirsium spp. and Silybum spp. Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX herbicide or CimarronÂŽ Plus

Blessed milk thistle

Scotch thistle

Thistle seedling

Musk thistle

Bull or yellow thistle

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Common name: Twinleaf senna Scientific name: Senna roemeriana Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Twinleaf senna blooms Common name: Wild mustard/bastard cabbage Scientific name: Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Treat with: Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus or Pastora®

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Broadleaf Species

Manage your weeds. Maximize your yield.

Cimarron® MAX offers excellent weed control to help improve the quality and yield of your pastures and rangeland. A single application of Cimarron MAX herbicide can help provide season-long control of a broad spectrum of weeds. Effective and affordable weed control is the key to realizing the full potential of today’s pastures and rangeland. Managing weeds maximizes grass yield and quality, which ultimately leads to more cattle weight gain. For more information, visit BayerVM.com. Do not use Cimarron MAX in the following counties of Colorado: Alamosa, Conejos, Costilla, Rio Grande and Saquache. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Cimarron are registered trademarks of Bayer. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ©2017 Bayer CropScience LP.

Common name: Annual ryegrass Scientific name: Lolium perenne or multiflorum Treat with: Pastora®

Italian ryegrass seedhead Common name: Bahiagrass Scientific name: Paspalum notatum Treat with: Cimarron® MAX or Cimarron® Plus

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Barnyard grass Scientific name: Echinochloa crus-galli Treat with: PastoraÂŽ

Barnyard grass seedling Common name: Cheatgrass Scientific name: Bromus tectorum or secalinus Treat with: PastoraÂŽ

Cheatgrass seed head

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Crabgrass Scientific name: Digitaria sanquinalis Treat with: Pastora®

Common name: Foxtail Scientific name: Yellow foxtail – Setaria glauca; Giant foxtail – Setaria magna; Green foxtail – Setaria viridis Treat with: Pastora®

Yellow foxtail 56

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Indiangrass Scientific name: Sorghastrum nutans Desirable grass for cattle and wildlife.

Common name: Johnsongrass Scientific name: Sorghum halepense Treat with: PastoraÂŽ

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: KR bluestem Scientific name: Bothriochloa ischaemum Treat with: PastoraÂŽ

KR bluestem seedhead KR bluestem seedling

Common name: Little barley Scientific name: Hordeum vulgare or pusillum Treat with: PastoraÂŽ (late winter/early spring timing)

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Lovegrass spp. Scientific name: Eragrostis trichodes Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Rattail smutgrass Scientific name: Sporobolus indicus Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Rescuegrass Scientific name: Bromus unioloides or willdenowii Treat with: Pastora®

Rescuegrass seedling Common name: Sandbur/grassbur Scientific name: Cenchrus echinatus Treat with: Pastora® Monitor soil temperatures on your farm or ranch; this is a reliable way to determine sandbur germination. Sandbur or grassbur will germinate at 72° F.

Sandbur/grassbur seedling

Sandbur/grassbur seed head 60

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Common name: Yellow nutsedge Scientific name: Cyperus esculentus Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Grass Species

Manage unwanted brush.

Control smutgrass in pastures.

Velpar® L VU is an effective herbicide that handles two unwanted problems – tough brush and smutgrass. This water-dispersible liquid is applied undiluted for the spot treatment of the toughest brush species, or sprayed as a broadcast treatment for smutgrass control. For more information, visit BayerVM.com ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com Bayer and the Bayer Cross are registered trademarks of Bayer. Velpar is a registered trademark of E.I. DuPont. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ©2017 Bayer CropScience LP.

Common name: Agarito (fruit) Scientific name: Mahonia trifolioata Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Bumelia, gum Scientific name: Sideroxylon lanuginose Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Catclaw acacia Scientific name: Acacia greggii Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Catclaw acacia blooms Common name: Catclaw mimosa Scientific name: Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. bluncifera Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Catclaw mimosa blooms

Catclaw mimosa thorns

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Chinese tallow Scientific name: Sapium sebiferum Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

Common name: Cholla cactus Scientific name: Cylindropuntia imbricata Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

Chola bloom

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Dewberry Scientific name: Rubus spp. Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX or Cimarron速 Plus

Common name: Flameleaf sumac Scientific name: Rhus copallina L. Treat with: Cimarron速 MAX, Velpar速 L VU or Method 240 SL

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Hackberry Scientific name: Celtis occidentalis L. Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

Hackberry leaf

Hackberry seeds Common name: Honey locust Scientific name: Gleditsia triacanthus Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

Locust thorns

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Huisache Scientific name: Acacia farnesiana Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

Common name: Lotebush Scientific name: Zizyphus obtusifolia Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Mesquite Scientific name: Prosopis glandulosa Treat with: Method 240 SL

Mesquite blooms

Mesquite seedlings Common name: Persimmon, eastern Scientific name: Diospyros virginiana L. Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Persimmon, Texas Scientific name: Diospyros texana Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Prickly ash Scientific name: Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX or VelparÂŽ L VU

Prickly ash thorns 70

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Sagebrush, sand Scientific name: Artemisia filifolia Torr. Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX or contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Common name: Whitebrush Scientific name: Aloysia gratissima Treat with: VelparÂŽ L VU

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Common name: Wild plum Scientific name: Prunus spp. Treat with: Contact your Bayer representative for management options.

Wild plum blooms

Wild plum fruit Common name: Yucca Scientific name: Yucca spp. Treat with: CimarronÂŽ MAX or CimarronÂŽ Plus

Plains yucca 72

Yucca seedling

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Woody Species

Four Points to Include in Ranch Pest Control Defense Point 1 – On the animal, treat for flies, lice, ticks and other external parasites and pests with properly applied pour-on or spray insecticides, insecticidal ear tags, dust bags or backrubbers with insecticides. Defense Point 2 – Keep the barn, stalls, corrals, working pens and ranch structures free of vegetation that provides resting cover for flying pests. Use a premise spray to control crawling insects. Defense Point 3 – In the environment, use fly traps, fly baits and spot sprays to control pests. Screens can help keep pests out of indoor working areas. Clean manure out of working areas as part of the annual herd health management program for your livestock. Defense Point 4 – In the animal, use feed-through larvicide products to control pests and parasites that nest in manure.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Common name: House fly Scientific name: Musca domestica Treat with: Permectrin® CDS Pour-On Insecticide or with PatriotTM Insecticide Cattle Ear Tag What you’ll see: Flies on structures and animals and around feed. Breed in: Manure and/or moist, decaying organic materials Rest on: Manure, soil, fences, weeds, trees, buildings, hutches Feed on: Manure, old feed, waste, sweat, tears Economic impact: Carry and transmit disease organisms

Common name: Stable fly Scientific name: Stomoxys calcitrans Treat with: Permectrin® CDS Pour-On Insecticide What you’ll see: Flies on lower parts of the legs of livestock; cattle bunching Breed in: Manure mixed with moist, decaying organic materials Rest on: Barn walls, fences, weeds and other surfaces Feed on: Blood (cattle) Economic impact: Reduced milk production and weight gain

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Insects

University studies demonstrate statistically significant weight gains as a result of fly control with Bayer ear tags (versus control group)1

UCING RES RED IS

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AID

See the difference for yourself. Put Bayer’s PROVEN insecticide cattle ear tags into your horn and face fly control program today.

A LT E R N AT E M O

Corathon® • Corathon® with FyberTek® contains 50% organophosphate insecticide • Can be used on beef and non-lactating dairy cattle CyLence Ultra® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tag • CyLence Ultra® contains 5th generation pyrethroid and a synergist • Can be used on beef and dairy (including lactating) cattle

Data on file. Bayer Animal Health.

I17434

Common name: Horn fly Scientific name: Haematobia irritans and Haematobia stimulans Treat with: Corathon®, CyLence Ultra® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tag or CyLence® Pour-On Insecticide What you’ll see: Flies on the backs and sides of cattle, tails swishing Breed in: Fresh, undisturbed manure Rest on: Cattle Feed on: Blood (cattle) Economic impact: Reduced weight gain and milk production

Common name: Face fly Scientific name: Musca autumnalis Treat with: Corathon®, CyLence Ultra® Insecticide Cattle Ear Tag or CyLence® Pour-On Insecticide What you’ll see: Flies on animal’s face around eyes and muzzle Breed in: Fresh, undisturbed manure Rest on: Fence posts, trees, bushes and other objects Feed on: Saliva, tears and nasal mucus Economic impact: Carry the bacteria that causes pinkeye

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health | Insects

Clean-Up™ II Pour-On Insecticide with IGR

Effective lice control shouldn’t be a riddle. The only pour-on with an added insect growth regulator (IGR), one application of Clean-Up™ II on cattle kills both adult lice and their eggs. Finally, a simple answer for lice.

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Who cares? Kill both with one dose of Clean-Up™ II.

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Clean-Up II ™

Pour-On Insecticide with IGR

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Horn Fly Control Horn fly control is important for animal welfare, performance and herd health. If horn flies are not controlled, research has shown that animal gains are often reduced by 0.09 lbs/day for nursing calves and 0.20 lbs/day for stocker cattle. To help reduce problems with resistance, chemical classes of topical insecticides should be rotated each year. The topical products currently available can be classified as pyrethroids, organophosphates or avermectins. Remember to rotate chemical classes and not just brand names or application methods.

Photo by Derek Frenzel

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

THE LINE PARASITES CROSS AT THEIR OWN RISK

Better health means better production. So why not choose better parasite control? Cydectin® (moxidectin) Pour-On dewormer kills key parasites that threaten your beef cattle and has little to no impact on beneficial dung beetles. Make a healthier choice for your herd. Choose Cydectin.

SAFETY AND RESIDUE INFORMATION: Cydectin Pour-On: When used according to label, Cydectin Pour-On has neither a meat withdrawal nor milk withhold time. Do not use in veal calves. ©2017 Bayer, Shawnee Mission, KS 66201 Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Cydectin are registered trademarks of Bayer. CY17810

Options to Control Cattle Lice Excerpted from Veterinary Entomology, Cornell University*

Female lice lay their eggs by attaching them to hairs with a strong glue to prevent them from falling off. The eggs, known as nits, hatch in 10 to 14 days, and the young lice (nymphs) complete their development within several weeks. Infested animals become irritable and difficult to work with, especially during milking. People working around lousy animals are exposed to greater risk of injury and are also annoyed by stray lice they pick up from infested animals during handling. Before selecting an insecticide, consider how it can be applied to meet individual needs and production practices. There are several categories of application methods: self-application devices, whole-animal sprays, pour-ons, and dusts. Insecticides must be used properly to achieve satisfactory control of lice. Many louse-control products require 2 treatments, 10 to 14 days apart. The second treatment is essential to kill newly hatched lice that were present as eggs at the time of the first treatment and were therefore not killed. Failure to make the second treatment in a timely manner will create problems requiring many more subsequent treatments.

*Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, https://vet.entomology.cals. cornell.edu/arthropod-identification/cow-recommendations/cattle-lice Department of Entomology, ÂŠ2017 Cornell University

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Tips to Avoid Resistant Insects Insecticide resistance is the repeated, absolute failure of an insecticide to produce the intended effect on an insect population as a result of selection pressure. Reduced susceptibility is not absolute failure of a product, but reduced sensitivity to it relative to previous sensitivity. If an insecticide’s mode of action (MOA) no longer affects the target pest in the expected way at all – regardless of dosage or duration of exposure – then the pest is resistant to it. Effective insect resistance management and rotation practices • Rotate insecticides with different MOAs, not just different brands or active ingredients. • Rotate late in the season to cut down on resistant overwintering flies. •

Discontinue using insecticide ear tags as soon as horn fly numbers decline in the fall, to minimize the flies’ exposure time to the insecticide and help ensure fly populations that proliferate later in the season remain susceptible.

• Rotate MOA classes between applications when applying insecticides more than once per season or year. • Use insecticides at their full doses according to product label recommendations.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

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2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

9/13/17 12:03 PM

The question to ask is how fast does the treatment kill BRD-causing bacteria. Single-dose BaytrilÂŽ 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable delivers effective, therapeutic levels of drug in the lung tissues in 1-2 hours*1 and kills 97% of BRD-causing bacteria in 1-2 hours.*2,3 The sooner bacteria are killed, the faster a calf will feel better and get back to work eating and gaining weight. You know the drill. You turn to the one you trust. *The clinical significance of in vitro data has not been demonstrated. Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Extra-label use of this product in food-producing animals is prohibited. Davis JL, Foster DM, Papich MG. (2007). Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin in calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 30(6):564-571. 2 Blondeau JM, Borsos S, Blondeau LD, et al. (2005). The killing of clinical isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) by enrofloxacin (ENR) using minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentrations and over a range of bacterial inocula. In: ASM Conference on Pasteurellaceae; 23-26 October 2005; Kohala Coast, Big Island, Hawaii: American Society of Microbiology; Abstract B12. 3 Blondeau JM, Borsos SD, Hesje CH, et al. Comparative killing of bovine isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica by enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tilmicosin and tulathromycin using the measured minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mutant prevention concentration (MPC) drug values. In: International Meeting of Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED); Vienna, Austria: International Society for Infectious Diseases. February 23-25, 2007. Figures 8-10. 1

ÂŠ2017 Bayer, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 66201 Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Baytril are registered trademarks of Bayer.

BL171579

Needle Selection Basics Proper needle selection is important for reducing the risk of broken needles, and it makes the process of giving injections easier. Both needle length and gauge should be considered. Shorter needles (i.e. 5/8 and 3/4) make it easier to properly give subcutaneous injections. For intramuscular injections, a 1-inch long needle is sufficient even on bulls and cows; using a longer needle increases the risk of the needle bending and breaking. For thicker products, a 16-gauge needle works well. Either a 16 or 18-gauge needle is fine for thinner products. Avoid needles that are less than 18-gauge when giving injections to cattle.

Follow Label Instructions for Injected Medicines When it comes to using injected medications in your cattle herd health program, follow the product label recommendations for injection sites. Using more than the recommended amount can reduce how well the product works and can increase withdrawal times. If the label doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t specify an amount, then a good guideline is to use a maximum of 10 mL per injection site. For example, if the dose was 60 mL, then that amount should be divided into 6 locations, spaced at least 3 to 4 inches apart.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Understand Flight Zone to Make Cattle Movement Easier The flight zone is the comfortable distance livestock maintain between you and them. The flight zone of cattle will vary depending on their disposition. Calm cattle have a very small flight zone while more temperamental cattle have a larger flight zone. The flight zone will increase as cattle become excited or agitated. Cattle should be worked from the edge of the flight zone, or the pressure zone. When you move into the pressure zone cattle will move away from you and as you move out of the pressure zone cattle will generally stop.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Tips to Reduce Cattle Stress â&#x20AC;˘

A good nutritional program is an important part of beef quality assurance (BQA). Animals that are in poor nutrition are more likely to get sick and less likely to respond to vaccination. Determining hay quality is critical in developing an appropriate and cost effective winter feeding and supplementation plan for cow-calf producers. September and October are good times to take hay samples. Samples should be taken from each cutting or load of hay. Visit with a beef cattle nutritionist for lab recommendations and to determine the most appropriate tests for your hay samples.

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Good weaning programs are important to minimize stress on calves and prepare them to perform as stockers, feeders and replacement heifers. Fenceline weaning works well because the cows and calves can see and hear each other, which reduces stress on both groups. A key to successful fenceline weaning is to separate the cows and calves with as little excitement as possible. An ideal weaning pasture would be about 5 to 30 acres in size, have good shade along the fence line and have a good water source within a few hundred yards of the fence.

2018 Bayer Management Manual | Range, Pasture and Animal Health

Learn more at Zelnate.com

True strength comes from within Use the power of innate immunity to fight BRD

Zelnate® DNA Immunostimulant jumpstarts the innate immune system to help reduce lung lesions and mortality in cattle due to BRD associated with Mannheimia haemolytica. In fact, adding Zelnate to your current BRD protocol has been proven to lower mortality by 22%, regardless of an on-arrival or delayed modified live vaccine.1 Zelnate is indicated for use as an aid in the treatment of BRD due to Mannheimia haemolytica in cattle 4 months of age or older, when administered at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event.

H elp the anim al help itself™

This product is based on technology developed by Juvaris BioTherapeutics and is patent protected. Animal health applications are being exclusively developed by Bayer Animal Health and are the subject of Bayer patent applications. 1 Rogers KC, Miles DG, Renter DG, et al. (2016). Effects of delayed respiratory viral vaccine and/or inclusion of an immunostimulant on feedlot health, performance, and carcass merits of auction-market derived feeder heifers. Bovine Practitioner. 50(2):154-162. ©2017 Bayer, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 66201. Bayer (reg’d), the Bayer Cross (reg’d), Zelnate® and Help the animal help itself™ are trademarks of Bayer. ZNT171580

Hay so good you’ll envy your livestock.

Pastora

Pastora® herbicide helps hay and forage producers grow high-value, weed-free bermudagrass pastures and hay fields. It controls a broad spectrum of undesirable grasses and broadleaf weeds that can easily spread, lower hay value and be toxic to animals. This outstanding control ultimately leads to a higher yield of improved-quality product that hay and forage producers demand. For more information, visit BayerVM.com.

ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. Bayer CropScience LP, Environmental Science Division. 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. 1-800-331-2867. www.backedbybayer.com Bayer, the Bayer Cross and Pastora are registered trademarks of Bayer. Please verify state registration of these products in your state before selling, using or distributing. ©2017 Bayer CropScience LP. Photo provided by the American Akaushi Association.