Third: Creating equal opportunities

be protected free of discrimination, including the right to a family life. Some cases were still unsuccessful in overturning the tax to which she writes, “Even though the Supreme Court ruled that the bedroom tax clearly discriminates against disabled people, it is ‘justified’ in law because of the existence of the DHP Scheme.”127

Third: Creating equal opportunities.

Constructing equal access to the distribution of essential resources is the primary foundation for social justice. Architecture that does not create equal access for 14.1 million people, promotes segregation and is in Galtung’s words in ‘Violence, Peace, and Peace research’ as an act of violence128 . It is important to consider also the health improvements revealed by empowering local communities. Local authority policymakers should involve their disabled constituents in creating new services and legislation. Community health partnerships are essential to tackling health inequalities with additional local government funding enabling the local council to facilitate their community's needs. Input for renovations in public services must be driven by the diverse wants and needs of communities129 . Pride in the local community will also support higher independence and assistance to facilitate the aspirations disabled constituents may currently feel are not presently attainable. Local communities must be supported to create sustainable outcomes, especially around child poverty and early development.

127 Sue Bott, Bedroom tax: success and failure for disabled people at the Supreme Court, [Accessed 19 January 2021] (para. 6 of 13). 128 Johan Galtung, ‘Violence, Peace, and Peace research’, Journal of Peace Research, [Accessed 26 January 2021] (pp. 167-191). 129 Local Government Association, Empowering patients, service users and communities. [n.d.] <https://www.local.gov.uk/our-support/our-improvement-offer/care-and-health-improvement/integration-andbetter-care-fund/better-care-fund/integration-resource-library/empowering-patients-service-users-andcommunities>[Accessed 26 January 2021]

Individualised government packages need to be available to different localities throughout the UK and tailored to the respecting localities' specific needs.

Financial support for disabled people must be written in an accessible and inclusive format. There will be an increased number of opportunities available to disabled citizens when the correct financial assistance is there. It will encourage independent living and will promote feelings of self-worth resulting from self-sufficiency; this will allow a disabled person to fulfil their aspirations. There is a current lack of funding, and it is not in line with the national increase in daily living costs130 . This places a restriction on the possibility of a disabled person being able to live independently could create a dependant generation that never realises their full potential.131

Many disabled and neurodiverse people face barriers when accessing media that is not available in comprehensive versions. The absence of these much-needed diverse options leaves many disabled people unable to access essential information. The warning from the Royal National Institute of Blind People predicts that 4.1 million people will be affected by the loss of sight by the time 2050 is reached 132 .

Structural recommendations that flow from this evidence are: Structural inaccessibility needs to be prevented; this can be done through rigorous legislation, with the hope of combatting

130 Office for National Statistics, Family spending in the UK: April 2018- March 2019, (2020) <https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/expenditure/bulletins/ familyspendingintheuk/april2018tomarch2019#main-points>[Accessed 1 January 2021] 131 Adolf Ratzka, Independent Living for people with disabilities: from patient to citizen and customer. (Independent Living Institute: 2007) < https://www.independentliving.org/docs7/ratzka20071022.html. > [Accessed 1 December 2020] (para. 6 of 32). 132 Royal National Institute for Blind People, 4.1 million people will be affected by sight loss in the UK by 2050, (2017) <https://www.rnib.org.uk/nb-online/eye-health-statistics. > [Accessed 30 November 2020] (para. 12 of 15)

the current attitude that is born from partial compliance. Geographical city planning must be made inclusive. Public transport needs to be upgraded to prevent the indignity that many disabled people face of struggling to access public transport; furthermore, one in four disabled people reported not using public transport due to the general public's negative behaviours133 . The renovation of public transport would allow socialising opportunities for disabled people and would reduce the severe effects of systemic social abandonment, and the well-known impact on health that comes with loneliness and dependence. Many concerning injustices134 come from not holding employers to account for perpetuating the disability pay gap.135 Discrepancies in pay gaps between people with protected characteristics must be carefully monitored and heavily legislated against constructing a deterrent. There is an urgent need to personalise and simplify the welfare system136 . Under the Marmot review recommendations, the most important element of any social change needs to be first and foremost the placement of fairness and social justice at the heart of a future welfare reinvention and budget allocations, (Fair society, healthy lives). It is shown that it will improve citizens' lives to the extent that life expectancy will rise, a well-recognised concrete measure of national health.

133 Shona Cobb, ‘For disabled people like me public transport is terrifying’ (Metro: 2019) <https://metro.co.uk/2019/09/03/disability-public-transport-wheelchair-trains-scope-travel-fair-10672475/> [Accessed 30 November 2020] 134 Scope, Today is Disability Pay Gap Day, (2020) < https://forum.scope.org.uk/discussion/74723/today-isdisability-pay-gap-day?_ga=2.243555904.439911009.1611576310-457723472.1610108501> [Accessed 28 January 2021] 135 Office for National Stastics, Disability pay gaps in the UK: 2018, (2019) <https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/disability/datasets/rawpaygapsby disability> [Accessed 30 November 2020] (pp. 22- 22) 136 Noel Smith, Sue Middleton, Kate Ashton-Brooks, Lynne Cox, Barbara Dobson, and Lorna Reith, Disabled people's costs of living. (Joseph Rowntree Foundation: 2004) <https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/disabled-peoplescosts-living> [Accessed 28 January 2021]