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The experts in grow room safety Handy wall mounting bracket
Durable internal wiring provides ultimate grow room safety Individual switchable sockets. If one lamp needs changing just switch the one lamp off
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Electrical safety is critical in a grow room which is why Green Power makes no compromises with its relays.
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THE GRIND MAG TEAM Editor: Adam Barker Grow Editor: Jeffrey Winterborne Copy Editor: Pascale Winterborne
Welcome We are proud to welcome you to the 8th edition of the Grind Magazine. This edition marks our 2nd anniversary and we’ve got some birthday treats for everybody. Over the last 8 magazines, we’ve taken a look at some of the newest and most innovative hydroponics techniques, equipment and products from some of the industry’s leading brands and the UK’s top experts. In this edition Toby Berryman shows us what he has learnt in his invaluable experience with closed loop environments. We hope you’ve also enjoyed our unique mixture of lifestyle content for the modern grower, including our regular music features and interviews, fashion news, highlighting some of the UK’s best new clothing brands or our regular fishing tips and tricks. We try to provide a little something for everybody and in this month’s magazine we have a rare jewel in the form of an exclusive interview with the man who created the art of mixing and changed the face of modern music, Grandmaster Flash. That all being said, we hope you enjoy this latest edition of our humble hydro publication. It’s packed with all of the usual essentials for a growing lifestyle.
Art Director: Adam Barker Online Manager: Kevin Baird Sales Manager: James Walton Operations Manager: James Walton Advertising sales: James Walton T: 0(+44)7787565650 E: sales@thegrindmagazine.co.uk Copyright 2014 The Grind Magazine. ISSN 2050-2141 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the authors. The authors assert their moral rights. In recent years, it has come to our knowledge that some people use information and equipment related to the subject of hydroponics for illegal activities. The authors, producers and publishers do not advocate breaking the law, nor is this publication (and corresponding website) intended to encourage or promote the use of illegal substances or activities. We do not accept responsibility for any errors although we attempt to ensure all information is accurate at time of publishing. The views of our contributors do not necessarily reflect those of the Grind Magazine. Note: Every effort has been made to obtain permission of the copyright holders of articles and artwork used in this publication. We apologise for any instance where permission has not been obtained and invite the copyright holder to get in touch with us. Disclaimer: The articles in this magazine are for educational purposes only and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editors, publisher or advertisers. Our sole aim is to stimulate rational debate and discussion of the important issues of our time. We do not endorse any treatments, medical or otherwise, and encourage our readers to continue with their own research and consult a health professional if they are ill. The Grind Magazine does not dispense medical advice or prescribe the use of any technique as a form of treatment for physical or medical problems without the advice of a physician, either directly or indirectly. The Grind Magazine cannot be made liable for claims, actions, legal and/or court fees brought against oneself in connection with any use of this publication or products ordered from our websites, catalogues, cd roms, dvds, advertising or other media. WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 07
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contents
CONTENTS
features
articles
products
P12 : CLOSED LOOP UPDATE
P30 : ASK THE GROW GURU Q&A
P10 : FLOWER BURST
P18 : SEROCEE INTERVIEW
P32 : GOING THE DISTANCE
P24 : WEEKEND OFFENDER
P34 : NO.6 : DUMBS
P44 : GRANDMASTER FLASH
P38 : MATCHA POWDER P42 : TEA MIXOLOGY WORKSHOP
P40 : MUSIC NEWS P52 : NUTRIENTS: THE BASICS
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Cocogreen Advert for The Grind.qxp_Layout 1 22/08/2014 14:57 Page 1
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product feature
FLOWER BURST From Buddha's Tree
All new Flower Burst from Buddhas Tree is a product specifically designed to give your plants what they need to make a smooth and swift transition from vegetive growth to flower production. Flower Burst helps to set flowers on your plant much earlier giving you weeks head start into flowering so they have the chance to begin gaining weight sooner. As your plants start to make the transition to produce flowers, their nutritional requirements begin to change. Adding Flower Burst to your nutrient solution will increase the abundance of elements used in this transitional period. Use Flower Burst from the first day of your flower cycle to the 3rd week at a rate of 0.2ml/litre upto 0.25ml/litre for best results All products from Buddhas Tree contain no PGRs. So whilst great yields are maintained, quality is never compromised. In Stores Now!
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Rhino quality filtration for the hobby grower Fully reversible neck – prolongs lifespan
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www.rhinofilter.com 08/09/2014 20:15:40
hydro feature
closed loop update By Toby Berryman
The world of Closed Environment Agriculture has really taken off in the UK over the past year. It has shown to be very practical and almost anyone who has made the switch over from conventional type set-ups have all reported superior growth rates, and massively bigger yields. After troubleshooting these setups for some time now, giving advice and technical support regarding many different rooms of this type, we thought we would share what we have learned and put forward some ideas which all you closed room enthusiasts out there will find useful. We have done a lot of reading and research and had a lot of first hand experience and have found several things which we believe not very many people are familiar with, lots of information, so here you go!! Negative pressure – We have always recommended that Growers who are setting up a sealed environment use hydroponic systems over soil for many different reasons. Obviously, in optimal conditions plants will be absorbing a lot of light and CO2; they will be transpiring a lot and growing very rapidly, and drinking more nutrient and water than you have ever seen before. Assuming you have it all dialled in perfectly, why bother bottlenecking the whole thing with soil? Plants cannot grow in soil at the rates they can in hydroponics, and if you are spending the money on a super room where they have very high levels of
light and CO2 and optimal control over all environmental factors, you might as well put in the extra few quid to get a supercharged hydroponic system too! Otherwise your plants simply can’t take full advantage of the optimal conditions they are in! Also, another big reason to use hydroponic systems which employ powerful aeration kits with air stones in each individual bucket, is that in a closed room with highly concentrated CO2 levels, which is heavier than atmospheric air, your plants, if not properly aerated, will have a hard time finding oxygen. The roots of your plants need oxygen, this is often overlooked, but plants really will grow much much faster, with explosive root development and be able to absorb nutrients more efficiently and remain more disease resistant when they have an abundance of air being delivered to the root system, BUT……. When you are supplying air to the roots of your plants in a closed room, you should always keep the pump or the feed to the pump outside the room, so you are pulling a relatively minor amount of outside air and blowing it into the roots, becaue if the air pump is inside the room you will be blowing CO2 into the roots, which is a big no no! However, we have discovered, and recent studies have proven, that plants growing in even a slightly positive room pressure, a large majority of the time, can show adverse side effects to the performance of the plants. Basically, it has been found that in positive pressure, the stomata on the leaf of the plant, which absorb the CO2, actually begin
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Available from
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hydro feature
begin to close up. Similarly, they also close up when CO2 levels are taken too high, so we have found the most simple way to tackle this problem is to employ a very small fan and filter at the top of the room; not a big one, it is merely there to serve the purpose of creating a very slight negative pressure in the room, to ensure the stomata on the leaves of your plants are fully open and eating up all the CO2 they need. Well worth doing! Micro climates – We have found that when installing your air conditioning and circulation fans, dependent on what type of AC you are using, when mounted too high up in the room, particularly with mini split style air conditioners, you can find some times that the cold air has a hard time penetrating through the level in the room around your lights; you can end up with the cold air being trapped above a blanket of heat. If you use a lot of circulation fans placed strategically this problem can be easily resolved, or mounting your AC a bit lower in the room also works. The larger more commercial AC units with powerful air movement and ducting systems don’t seem to cause these problems as much, but a lot of air movement around the room will help to keep an even temperature throughout the room and also keepCO2 and humidity equalised at the same time! Temperature and humidity levels – Up to about a year ago, it was my firm belief that all the hype about increasing your temperatures when using CO2 was a bit of a silly idea. I knew that plants could handle more heat with CO2, but actually improving plant performance? I did not believe it one bit, but I have since changed my mind! In some situations,
depending very much on the heritage of one plant from another, some species, definitely do perform better when you turn up the heat, and not just the heat, but the humidity as well. There was a study conducted, which is very hard to come by and not many people will have seen it, but there is a direct relationship between temperature, relative humidity, CO2 and a high energy plant’s ability to metabolise, dependent on plant type and heritage and assuming you are running a sealed room with high CO2 concentration of 1200 – 1500ppm which basically goes like this: 23°C 50% Relative humidity 24°C 55% Relative humidity 25°C 60% Relative humidity 26°C 65% Relative humidity 27°C 70% Relative humidity 28°C 75% Relative humidity And you may well find that if your plants are under performing, and that their genetics descend from one particular part of the world or another, you may be running your room at the wrong side of the scale for the particular plant you are trying to grow! It is advised to always drop humidity to the lower end at the very latter stages to avoid things like botrytis. Reverse osmosis water – A big bonus to working in a sealed room is the abundance of free clean water collected from your air conditioners and dehumidifier. Most people running a sealed room use this essentially RO water to top up their tanks, which makes it a lot easier to know exactly how many nutrients are in your water, and it also means you are not running contaminants and toxins like chlorine and sodium
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PROUD OF OUR ROOTS
Nutriculture Grow Systems provide roots with exceptional access to oxygen and nutrient solution. The result is huge root zones with greater nutrient uptake and up to 3x bigger yields. That’s why growers have trusted Nutriculture Grow Systems since 1976. Find a Nutriculture Grow Systems stockist: www.nutsystems.co.uk
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hydro feature
fluoride through your plants. However, a little thing worth mentioning is that water from the tap, or a spring, also contains trace minerals, like magnesium, calcium and others, so when running a hydroponic medium which contains no nutrients, vitamins or minerals, you need to be thorough with your nutrient regime, especially so with RO water as this water is pure and contains nothing but H2O. So, you may find your plants suffering with slight deficiencies like a lack of magnesium or calcium being the most common. Therefore, we advise a full chemical soup, lots of nutrients in small amounts, so whatever your plant needs can be drawn upon when required! Water temperature – Keep that water cool! In any hydroponics situation, it is very, very important to keep water temperatures down, the optimal range being around the 1719°C, especially if you are running your room at the higher end of the scale previously discussed, i.e if your room is running in the high 20s, your water temperature will be too high! Water that is too warm is a breeding ground for things like pythium, which will completely ruin a crop in very little time. In fact, I would rather have spider mite or botrytis than pythium. Another reason to avoid water temperature rising too high is the warmer the water gets, the less oxygen it can hold, and water with low oxygen levels will bottleneck your plant’s ability to uptake nutrients quickly and efficiently. So water chillers are a must, especially if you are running your room hotter than 24°C. Generally, water will rest a few degrees below room temperature, so you might get away without a chiller if you are running your room in the low 20s. There are other things available to kill off bad bacteria in reservoirs, such as ozonizers and uv sterilisers which will keep your reservoir completely clean and disease free! So there you go, a few little useful tips, if you have any questions on closed loop horticulture, feel free to call us for advice at Esoteric Hydroponics – 01483 596484
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IWS: MODULAR GROWING WITHOUT COMPROMISE 1 modular concept 4 hydroponic techniques 4 to 80 plants managed from one control unit
For over 10 years the IWS range has been the favourite choice of larger scale growers who refuse to compromise on each plant’s yield and quality. Additional pots can be added at any point making it refreshingly cost effective to upscale over time. Don’t compromise. Choose the ultimate modular hydroponic system.
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music feature
:
INTERVIEW SEROCEE
In this issue we caught up with the talented Hip Hop, Reggae artist, MC and DJ Serocee. Having just completed his own Dancehall Xtra Talent show for the BBC 1Xtra and in between a heavy schedule of dates touring with Toddla T and Jus Now, he found time to tell us more about his remarkable career, heritage and plans for the future. Can you tell us more about your work and your music? I’m a versatile, multi-genre vocal gymnast of Bashment, Hip Hop, House music or whatever. Vocally I’m featured with a number of major acts from Basement Jaxx to Toddla T, MJ Cole, Spragga Benz and other artists over in Jamaica. You’ve an incredible history in the scene. How has the business and your career changed in the last ten years? It’s changed, people used to put their music on MySpace. Now if it’s not played on the radio or you don’t get a certain amount of listens on Soundcloud or whatever the measurements of success have become, it has to be more now than ten years ago. You find however you can do a lot more, the phone calls, the interest; the crowds are even more diverse now. Before if you said you did a bit of Bashment you would be put in a little category in the back room at a rave with ten people interested in it. Major
Lazer and The Heatwave have really exposed the general public to the music. It’s a whole different scene, I’ve seen nothing but growth in the last ten years and long may it continue. Your childhood is fascinating, both of your parents were selectors for a Reggae sound system in the Seventies, do you have any early memories of that? Not really they tell me about it. Music has always been a part of my life even over in Jamaica. I have uncles that used to tour and write for Shaggy. So when I started doing it I got “Boy you’re following in your mum and dad’s footsteps.” Especially when I used to go on the sounds and start clashing. Then I started hearing the stories and people, friends, godparents would tell me this is what they used to do. Then you have an interest and start looking at pictures and listening to old tapes. I feel like music is a spiritual thing so it’s either born into you or not. For me hearing those stories and having my dad sit me down and say, “Well if you are going to do this, here’s what you need to do.” So I’d be like well how do you know? He would say, “We were involved in this movement, before Reggae was a thing in the UK we were running dances like this. So this is what you need to know about.” I’m happy I got to learn this, because you know sometimes when you listen to your parents, you don’t really listen! My parents used to come to my dances, obviously the music and the aggression
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music feature
levels are a bit different but they’d show me certain goals. So it’s always been about music, about that vibe and taking things to that level and having no other choice but to be that person. You spent your early years living in Jamaica; did this have an impact on your work and sound? Certainly with my older aunts and uncles in JA it was a strict Christian upbringing, even though they were all about the church. They were about the Gospel music and singing in choirs and still being involved in, I wouldn’t say clashes but choir competitions. So even though it’s not Reggae music it’s still music and still competitive. So I grew up around that whole nurturing of just trying to be the best youth that you can be. Which is why sometimes when I’m writing I write something fairly deep. I try to right the wrongs in the world not that you can do that in one song. It’s one thing to jump around, dance, drink, party and have a good time. That’s great, we all love doing that but every now and again you can say; you know what, actually, real real life is not all about that and here’s something that’s going on now that I want to talk about. I take that from the Christian upbringing I was exposed to. I certainly absorbed the culture and that life is intrinsic in me, so I know no different; it’s my experience of life, of school and being in Kingston. Have their been any artists or musical movements that have had a major influence on your work/style? They all left their impression on me but I was more impressed by my peers when
I was young and growing up. People closer to my age when I was jumping on stage at thirteen, fourteen, fifteen and watching them. They may have been a few years older but I watched the way they manoeuvred on the mike and handled certain situations. I came up in the whole battle environment and I remember this guy pulling me to one side and saying “It’s great winning all these battles but what are you going to do with that talent?” I remember thinking what he said made so much sense. What was the next level? Unless you are going to take that talent seriously and build a career out of it, then what? All your doing is standing there and cussing each other. What are you going to do with your musical ability? Those were the people that made an impression on me. Fast forward a few years and I’m able to be on those stages doing those kinds of things and hopefully creating the same impression on younger artists coming through. So I hope I’m leaving that legacy. When you talk of clashes do you mean Reggae clashes or Hip Hop battles? You know what I would go from one weekend to the next. Thursday night you would go to a rave could be House. Friday night would be Hip Hop clash. Then Saturday night would be a Reggae dance and sometimes you would go from a Hip Hop thing to a Reggae thing in the same night and perform at both. Which is a UK thing, America is Hip Hop and it’s all about that; maybe nowadays it’s slightly different but certainly in the UK you can go to a rave and hear everything. So in my mind having the
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music feature
segregation between, Hip Hop, Reggae and Dancehall to me they’re all the same just different languages. In 2006 you released your debut single ‘Life’ to critical acclaim. How did your career and music develop from there? I’ve been exceptionally busy since my debut single and it’s gone from strength to strength. The first run of vinyl sold out. BBC Radio 1Xtra was quite new then and they supported it too, which garnered more attention. At that point I’d already been working with Toddla T for a few years. It went from just bumping in to people like Ras Kwame on the train and giving him a CD of my work because I had one on me. Meeting Roots Manuva in a pub somewhere. It’s funny how it all happened, it was organic. I feel sometimes that people don’t want to work with you unless you have a certain amount of followers on Twitter or Facebook ‘likes.’ Unless your social
“Friday night would be Hip Hop clash. Then Saturday night would be a Reggae dance” media is up on a certain level, no one is really interested regardless of how good your music may be. You only have to go back eight years and say that it used to be a case of you like what I’m doing I like what you’re doing lets get in the studio and get some work done. That goes back to your question about how you think it’s changed. The organic development of music and collaborations between musicians has certainly changed. If you don’t have a certain following or people don’t think it’s worth their while then… I guess it’s always been around just not so identifiable. Back in the Sixties with The Beatles it was a case of we know about you because you’re a name. Now it’s just click a button and people can have a look at your stats. I’m not like that I’ll work with anybody. WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 21
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music feature
You’re part of the Toddla T Sound with MC DRS and Shola Ama. How did you meet? One of my good friends is from Sheffield. So I used to spend the weekends hanging out in studios with him and I’d done a track called ‘FU’. Everyone loved it and a group called Small House Fire (Toddla T and a guy called Scott Moncreiff) wanted to do a remix of it. So then I meet this lanky string bean kid! We started working together in the studio, nothing ever came of the remix but we kept on working together and became a four man crew Small House Fire - LS, Toddla T, Serocee and Scott. We did Hip Hop, Bashy stuff to House and as time moved on everyone’s focus and objectives changed. Toddla and I wanted to press on and carry on with the music. Then we got interest from the label 1965 for another single we had and we just built and built from there. What’s happening with the Toddla T Sound and Jus Now Live in the next year? Toddla T Sound will be touring next year bigger and better than ever with a bunch of new tracks. We’re going to be releasing my new track ‘Propeller’ produced by Toddla T and Jus Now. I’ll also be touring with the Jus Now Live show. What are your plans for 2014/ 2015?
if you’re in to music apart from heavy metal it’s on there! I have two singles ‘Propeller’ coming out the end of August and ‘Shotaleeni’ on the 19th August. Then a mixtape with a sound from Martinique called ‘Rise Up with Serocee,’ more releases after that, then an album. As far as gigs go, you’ll see me at every festival left this summer in the UK. Then I’m off to Rototom Festival in Spain. After that back to the clubs and then in 20152016 you’ll see a lot more Serocee solo shows.
go from a Hip Hop thing to a Reggae thing in the same night and perform at both. Which is a UK thing, America is Hip Hop and it’s all about that; maybe nowadays it’s slightly different but certainly in the UK you can go to a rave and hear everything. So in my mind having the segregation between, Hip Hop, Reggae and Dancehall to me they’re all the same just different languages.
Definitely recording music everyday in the studio. I’ve just put a mix together of the music I’ve made in the last seven years; I had to sift through over a hundred tracks! It’s up on my Soundcloud for free download, called ‘Earn My Stripes’ make sure you grab that. Whatever it is, 22 l WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK
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musicfeature feature music
Quiet, efficient, grow room ventilation from Rhino • Controllable speed • Maintenance-free • Easy installation into any position
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fashion feature
Weekend Offender 14
Weekend Offender has always been heavily inspired by casual culture and influential sub cultures such as mods and skinheads. This is evident in the AW14 collection. Although split into two distinct sections, Mainline and Category A, both collections feature parkas and clean crisp shirting For A/W 14, Weekend Offender has completed a subtle brand overhaul in line with its ongoing development and refinement. The internal labels have been updated to a more muted and stylish cream-on-navy colourway. In accordance, the back neck tape on this colourway has also been changed. The swing tag is now a clean navy waxed card with a cream prison logo and will feature in all garments across both tiers of the brand: Weekend Offender Mainline and Weekend Offender Category A.
The Weekend Offender branding has also been overhauled, too: all labeling has changed colours to navy and cream and gives a more polished feel, in line with how the brand has developed over the last few seasons. Textured knitwear is also prominent along with technical fleece garments featuring contrast nylon pockets and trims. Key fabrics include: nylon shimmer jackets, paisley cotton shirting and a woven repeat W fabric for shirting and trims. Within the collection, two jackets also feature a handy Kent Comb: a smart collaboration for the brand and convenient accoutrement for its aficionados. A taped seam Kagoule in three standout colours, through to a classic snorkel parka make this a heritage collection with a sharp, modern twist. The AW14 collection is available from www.weekendoffender.com + it’s flagship soho store in London. The brand is also available across Europe and the USA.
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grow guru q&a
the grow guru
Hi All, I’ve spent a lot of money on my set-up and everything seems to be running smoothly. I have 2 lights in my room. My friend has recently suggested I buy some sort of reflective material for the walls. Do I really need it, as I have spent a fortune on my room already? Carl, Bill of Portland Hello Carl, In short, yes you definitely do. You can maximise your yield by up to 30%, just by making your walls reflect light. However, the importance lies with the type of material you are using to do this. Stay away from any type of ‘mirror finish’ reflective foils. Avoid these because they do not reflect light evenly enough and create hot spots, which your plants will not respond well to. A brilliant white surface will reflect most of the light from its surface, so it is a good option. We always use a diamond indented surface foil in our gardens. This reflects the light much better and also spreads it without creating hot spots. Thanks. GG Dear Guru, I have a large growing area and no matter what I do, the temperature this summer has thus far gotten the better of me! I have tried increasing my exhaust fan and filter size. It cost me a fair bit but to no avail. What else can I do? J Hargreaves, Manchester Hello J, This is the most common problem other than the spider mite issue
in the summer months here in the UK. You really have two options if all else fails. One is a standard air conditioning unit and the other being a standalone ‘OptiClimate’ unit. It is really difficult to fit a two part air conditioning unit as the cooling part of it has to be fitted outside. The OptiClimate on the other hand is a one part unit that is water cooled by your mains water supply. It controls the temperature perfectly and also allows you to fully seal a room as there is no need to exhaust hot air. This in turn allows you to re-use water formed from the condensation, which is drained from the unit. Of course this gives you full control over the humidity levels in your room. Your plants will love it! Good Luck! GG Hi Guru, We are approaching Autumn and I am looking to store my gardengrown veg and berries. I usually dry them and keep for winter but this process can be difficult with our high humidity and constant rain so I end up getting bits of mould at some point. This renders my harvest inedible! Do you have any advice for me, maybe something new? Tandy, Swindon Dear Tandy, Great question! After a summer of hard work, the last thing you want is your berries moulding. Drying is a good method but tends to lose a lot of flavour as time goes on. You can try cleaning your fruit in a sterile ozone treated environment and then vacuum
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grow guru q&a
sealing it. This will keep it from deteriorating for only a short while, prolonged by lower temperatures in your fridge. Another method would be to freeze your harvest. This will ensure it can be kept through the winter. However, some of the bonds in the cell structure of your fruit will weaken on a molecular level, altering the overall texture. From experience I can say that by far and away the best method of preservation is via drying and vacuum sealing. This way you are eliminating the two things that cause mould - moisture and air! A further benefit of this is that the vacuum will draw out more flavour from the dry fruit and berries. Hope this helps. GG Hello Guru, I have recently advanced to using a three-part nutrient range for my indoor garden. It started off great and the plants responded well. So much so, that the rate of growth almost doubled. However, in the flowering stages I lost 15% of my garden! I ran out of the micro
nutrient, i.e. the third part of the nutrient and carried on for a couple of weeks. Could this have caused it? Woolfy, Glasgow Hi Woolfy, Three part nutrients are a very good way to ensure your plants are getting everything and more. As we already know certain minerals cannot be mixed until they are in an aqueous solution, otherwise they react to form salts. Separating everything means your plants can get more ‘food’! However, because the nutrients are separated into three bottles instead of a one part mix, it is vitally important to add every part to your feed solution. If you omit one of the three parts you will be starving the plant of some its necessary nutrients and this could lead to its death in high intensity garden. Another interesting point is the type of potassium humate manufacturers are using. Recent studies have shown that brown coal mining locations and methods have been changed, so the WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 29
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grow guru q&a
current potassium humate available is much more concentrated than before. Thus less solid is being used in aqueous fertilizers. This poses the question, are they using enough or too much? Either would certainly not do any good to your plants! The bottom line is keep an eye on your plants every day, only you know when to increase or decrease your feed concentration!GG
will be stunted from day one. And as coco is devoid of nutrients your plants will have an even harder time taking up the basic foods they need! Move on to professional coco, that has been properly processed and is pH stable. I hope this solves the problem. GG
Dear Guru, I am sick of listening to my friends’ boasting about high yields in all kinds of systems. I am growing on IWS and still cannot reach even half of the yield my friends are getting. I am growing on cheap compressed coco, the temperature is bang on. The pH level is between 5.5 and 6.1. I never take my EC level above 2.0. What could possibly be wrong? The bloke at my local shop recommended a special coco feed and I still couldn’t manage it. Please help!
“If you are using cheap coco blocks, they are not always washed properly. This means that some of the sea salt might remain in the coir in high amounts.”
Do you have a question for the Grow Guru? Then be sure to email us at guru@thegrinmagazine.co.uk
Adam Al-Kafahgi, Leeds Hi Adam, this is a strange one. It sounds like you are doing everything right. I am guessing here that your light levels are high enough, with fresh bulbs. Other than that the only thing that really sticks out to me is the type of coco you are using. This is not always the case but, if you are using cheap coco blocks, they are not always washed properly. This means that some of the sea salt might remain in the coir in high amounts. Part of the processing method for obtaining coco coir is submerging the coco in sea water. The bigger brands like CANNA spend time on removing this salt and the cheaper brands do not. Plant roots do not like salty environments and this also affects water uptake. In short your plants 30 l WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK
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fishing
GOING THE DISTANCE
In this issue we look at pier fishing in the UK. One of the easiest to master sea venues, yet one of the most difficult to consistently achieve results on! Pier fishing offers the obvious advantage of deeper water without going out on a boat. But is that such a good thing? Let’s look at why deeper water is better to fish in. The currents are stronger and faster, so generally speaking the chances of catching a bigger specimen increase. However, there are many exceptions to the rule! You are also able to fish deep water spots such as reefs and sand banks. However, the tricky part is knowing exactly where they are. Too many anglers blast their bait out aimlessly from the end of a pier in the hope that a big fish will come along and take it! This often results in no fish at all! Why is it that a lot of holiday makers who flock to the coast in the summer months catch big bass and conger time and time again using the wrong bait and ring? Is it luck? Perhaps it is, or maybe the answer lies right beneath you! I remember fishing a match from a pier in Southampton over ten years ago. On this particular July night, strange things happened. Out of ten or so anglers, two were catching consistently and consistently big. The rest caught nothing but pouting all night. One man in particular landed a monster, 25lb Conger eel as everyone stood in awe. But he wasn’t beach-casting from the end of
the pier; he had not cast further than a meter from the pier wall. He plonked his bait almost under his feet! What did he know that we did not? A pier provides not only deep water, but a whole habitat for all kinds of creatures from crabs to sandeels to prawns and everything in between. A permanent structure makes a home for these species. This is a perfect hunting ground for predator fish and at night time it comes alive! Furthermore, bright pier lights attract shoals of bait fish right to the walls. Given this, your chances of catching a big one, suddenly increase ten-fold.
“A pier provides not only deep water, but a whole habitat for all kinds of creatures from crabs to sandeels to prawns and everything in between.”
South Parade Pier, Portsmouth
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fishing
It is not uncommon for huge Conger eels to live in hidy-holes inside the pier walls. They grow big by pouncing on passing food species, no matter what they are. If you have ever seen a Conger eel, you will know how wide one can open its mouth, so consuming medium-sized fish is no problem at all for these guys! Having spoken to the Conger-yielding match winner afterwards, I know that he was using the same bait as every other angler on the night, mackerel fillet. However, he chose the right tactics and ledgered his bait right where the congers live. Congers are not the only species you can find in abundance right under your feet. With plenty of bait attracted to the bright lights, come plenty of predators! These can be large Mackerel, Bass or even Pollack! Float fishing or free-lining a live sandeel can be absolutely deadly for these species. In my own experience, fishing close in has proven far better than long-distance casting. As with any type of sea fishing you have to ensure
“If you have ever seen a Conger eel, you will know how wide one can open its mouth, so consuming medium-sized fish is no problem at all for these guys!” the right tide coincides with the time of day. The theory is that the best fishing is two hours either side of the high tide, during dusk. The reasoning behind this is simple. A fast tide run disturbs the food species and makes it easier for them to be ‘picked off’ by the faster and stronger predator species. A setting sun provides the cover of the night for the predators to feel more confident in their hunt. So, having figured out where they hide and when they feed should ensure you catch that monster! Tight lines. WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 29
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no.6
Deep Underground Military Bases In the US at this time the Pentagon is unable to explain or account for a whopping $8.5 trillion of tax payers money since 1996. It is fairly common knowledge that the CIA and other government agencies around the world have been caught red handed on numerous occasions in the trafficking of massive amounts of drugs worth multiple billions, so where does this unofficial and unaccountable money go? Down a black hole? It is highly likely and evidence strongly supports that this money, and probably a lot of other money is used all over the planet for secret black budget programmes under various government agencies. We are talking about programmes that are above top secret. Is it possible that there could be huge, city-sized, secret deep underground military bases all over the world, with highly advanced and even alien technologies, chemical and biological experiments, missing children being programmed and turned into sleeper assassins, dozens of species of extra terrestrial beings, some held against their will, some working in collaboration with the Military in secret, even some extra dimensional entities. Well let’s explore these ideas very briefly shall we?
installations going down very deep in the ground where it is reported that the CIA, in conjunction with ETs and other agencies, work on top secret craft such as the Aurora project, the stealth bomber, anti gravity technology and biological work of a cross human and alien nature. Other facilities include the Edwards Air Force Base, the Dry Lake Lockheed Martin Base, the closed Norton Base, Table Top Mountain, Blackjack Control, The Dugway Proving Grounds in Utah near Saltlake, The Los Alamos National Labs in New Mexico with underground connections to the Dulce underground facilities which is allegedly 7 levels deep and is where all manner of genetic engineering, cross species production and other alien biological experimentation is carried out. There is a massive facility underneath Denver airport. There could be as many as 100 deep underground military bases in the United States alone.
The Groom Lake facility in Nevada is the most famous of secret government bases, also known as area 51 or Dreamland. The facility allegedly comprises of 3 separate underground 34 l WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK
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no.6
Multiple people from high positions in the black budget programmes have come forward with information regarding this facility including Ted Gunderson, the former director of the FBI, Dr Steven Greer who has briefed several presidents and has hundreds of witnesses to dozens of UFO, Alien, advanced technology and deep underground base projects - all of whom are willing to testify in front of Congress. Former Canadian Defence minister Paul Hellyer who has gone public with a lot of very credible information, William Cooper, who exposed a lot of secret government activity and who was murdered just 4 months after his predictions of the September 11 attacks, that they were going to be carried out by Western governments and blamed on the Middle East in an attempt to invade and take over the last remaining countries of which the Rothschild banking dynasty does not yet have monopoly over. It also provided an excuse to increase Homeland security and put freedom restricting laws upon the subjects of
apparently free democratic countries like the USA and UK. Phil Schneider, a former government geologist and engineer with over 17 years of experience in black projects, is one of the most important whistleblowers in modern history. In his presentation at the Preparedness Expo in September 1995, he exposed the gravity of the New World Order agenda and its connection with extraterrestrials in a direct and controversial manner. Less than 6 months after giving this talk, he was found dead in his apartment with piano wire still wrapped around his neck in what appears to be a militarystyle execution. According to some sources, he had been brutally tortured repeatedly before being killed. The authorities dismissed the death as a suicide. All of Schneider’s talks contain explosive claims about government cover-ups, black budget projects, UFOs, and government/military collaboration with aliens in deep underground bases. During his lecture tour in the mid-90s, he even brought with him physical evidence WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 35
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no.6
of alien metals, artefacts and genuine photographs to further validate his claims. The UK has a number of secret facilities as does the desert of Central Australia. There could be thousands of secret bases worldwide! There are hundreds of people, some crazy perhaps, but many definitely who aren’t who claim to have been taken to underground facilities as children against their will, tortured, brainwashed, initiated into mind control programs and genetically tampered with. Eight million children disappear every year, statistically, it is very unlikely that all of them were murdered by serial killers! Where do they all go? There are approximately 500 - 1000 UFO reports archived each month at the National UFO Reporting Center in America - this is just reports for one continent! There are reports and recordings throughout history going back thousands of years, there are historical artefacts that are thousands of years old with alien pictures and carvings in them, depictions of UFOs and humans praying before spacecraft. Could it be that we are in fact not alone in the universe? Absolutely, considering the sheer vastness of not only space, but
dimensional reality. According to many Quantum Physicists and mainstream science, we see less than 0.01% of what actually exists and shares our immediate space and reality with us, which means humans are basically blind! So, could it be that we are not only not alone in the universe, but not alone on earth? Are we already surrounded by dozens of species of extra terrestrial and extra dimensional entities? Could they be walking amongst us, and experimenting beneath us? Look at some evidence yourself; Majestic 12, the Thule society, Project Paperclip, Project Aurora, Project Bluebeam, The Star Wars Programme, MKultra, The Philadelphia Experiment the list could go on for miles. But the most credible and controversial exposure in recent years has been the work of Dr Steven Greer, Phil Schneider and former Canadian defence minister Paul Hellyer. For more in depth reading on this subject, check some of these websites out. http://www.siriusdisclosure.com/ http://www.ufos-aliens.co.uk/ cosmicunder.html http://www.intellihub.com/exclusivesecret-underground-base-beneathdenver-international-airport-nowrevealed-whistle-blower/ https://ascendingstarseed.wordpress. com/category/deep-undergroundmilitary-bases-dumbs/ “I will not be stamped, filed, indexed, briefed, debriefed or numbered. I am a free man.” no.6
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product feature
matcha powder From Bluebird Tea Co.
Superhero Superfood: Matcha Powder. The UK’s first flavoured Matcha Collection by expert Tea Mixologists at Bluebird Tea Co. ‘The Detox Warrior. The Energising Elixir. The Slimming Superhero. The Hangover Destroyer.’ Celebs, health experts and tea lovers alike agree, the world is going crazy for this super hero superfood, dubbed the ‘world’s most powerful green tea’. Never to shy away from tea trendsetting, the innovative Bluebird Tea Co. are the first to make this superfood in 4 delicious flavours, using organic natural ingredients. Flush those toxins! Another special benefit of Bluebird’s Matcha Collection is that they contain rare and unique white matcha, grown at higher elevations to ensure an antioxidant boosted, even more nutrient rich cup. Choose from Lemon, Orange or antioxidant enhanced Acai + Blueberry. Nicknamed ‘The Detox Warrior’, Bluebird’s Super Matcha is blended with two additional super foods, both proven to aid weight loss and detoxification in their right. Super Matcha promises to taste fantastic as well as being fantastic for your body.
Each pot provides up to 15 cups of flavourful tea, 30g, and retail at £15. Bluebird’s flavoured Matcha pots can be purchased online at: www.bluebirdteaco.com
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music news
music news
August was a month of frolics and love battles. It seems the ink has barely dried on the last edition’s news about Beyoncé and Jay Z’s ‘On The Run’ tour before it all went down - to quote Beyoncé in her remix of ‘Flawless’ - like “a billion dollars on an elevator.” After much speculation on the surface, the couple are maintaining a steeled façade and are tight lipped about their future. An approach similarly used to explain that video of Solange kicking the daylights out of her brother in law. Some people say they’re working out, some that they’re leading separate lives and ready to split. One thing is for sure they won’t be making an official statement until a decision is made to make it work or separate. With two glittering careers, a baby and a lot of money at stake expect it to be done in a way no one was expecting. This is Queen Beyoncé after all. Following closely behind Eminem and Rihanna have started their six-date, three-city “Monster Tour.” I predict more power couples to follow suit. Can we expect a collaboration and tour to be the result of Diplo and Katy Perry’s rumoured romance in 2015? As we go into winter some artists will be going into hibernation to work on albums and detox after the summer’s festival season, while others emerge. Boy George and the original Culture Club line up will reunite for the first time in 14 years
with a string of North American dates scheduled for this November and a new album in early 2015. Eric Clapton will release a new tour documentary, ‘Planes, Trains and Eric’ in early November. The new concert film chronicles the Far and Middle Eastern leg of Clapton’s 2014 tour and includes 13 live performances with live footage and interviews. After ten years on major labels, Trip-Hop producer DJ Shadow revealed he’s branching out with his own imprint called Liquid Amber. To launch the label he’s dropped a new EP of the same name containing two new tracks (“Ghost Town,” “Mob”). In an age of information overload some big name artists are considering staying in hibernation permanently to work on lucrative ghost writing projects, others deciding to release work under pseudonyms following in the tradition of trap artist UZ who remains illusive and unidentifiable. In a world where 144,800,000,000 emails are sent a day, 4,000,000,000 things are shared on Facebook, One label Blind Music have decided to take the concept further by releasing music with no names or artist details. The 9th July saw the release of their third EP but don’t be fooled. The label owner’s connections and the pull of the concept and freedom for the artists involved means there are some big players behind those innocuous words - anonymous.
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food & drink
tea mixology workshop
Join the UK’s innovative tea experts, Bluebird Tea Co. for a Tea Mixology master class in Shoreditch this October. First, choose from our tea cocktail menu and get hands on as we mix you up some of your favourite flavours at our tea cocktail bar. Then learn all about the art of blending, exploring different types of tea, how they are made, best enjoyed and about the benefits of different blending herbs and ingredients. Then comes the sexy slurping and sensual sniffing as you learn all about how to taste tea like a master! Finally, our expert Tea Mixologists will help you create your own tea blend to take home with you, designed, named and packed by your very hands. Design Your Own Tea Fancy creating your very own unique spiced chai blend? Or how about mixing up your very own bedtime tea to sooth you to sleep?
Bluebird Tea Co. Bluebird Tea Co. specialising in finding the perfect flavours for you from their extensive range of over 50+ creative teas. ‘Our innovative approach to tea centres on our core ethos of spreading happiness, one cup at a time. We love to mix up unique and exciting flavours that have never been seen before to make people smile!’ Fri 11th Oct, Shoreditch, 6pm. £25 per person. Includes blending workshop, tea tasting, tea to take home and unlimited tea cocktails. Tel: 01273 681 792 to book
Does your zany personality draw you to weird and wonderful ingredients like chilli or chocolate? Even better, why not create a beautiful personalised gift for someone special. 42 l WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK
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food & drink
“If you have ever seen a Conger eel, you will know how wide one can open its mouth, so consuming medium-sized fish is no problem at all for these guys!” the right tide coincides with the time of day. The theory is that the best fishing is two-hours either side of the high tide, during dusk. The reasoning behind this is simple. A fast tide run disturbs the food species and makes it easier for them to be ‘picked off’ by the faster and stronger predator species. A setting sun provides the cover of the night for the predators to feel more confident in their hunt. So, having figured out where they hide and when they feed should ensure you catch that monster! Tight lines. WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 29
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music feature
grandmaster flash By Adam Barker
Few people can claim to have influenced the musical evolution of the last three decades to the extent of Grandmaster Flash. True musical innovation generally requires an understanding of the theory and history of music and the confidence to step away from those traditions. In the case of Grandmaster Flash, his contribution to the landscape of modern music was to reach out and touch the vinyl and in doing so, unwittingly creating what we today know as the DJ. We take a look at how and why the concepts and practices created by Flash went on to inspire multiple genres, thousands of DJs and producers and millions of fans. The techniques and concepts developed by Grandmaster Flash were to form the building blocks of not only DJ culture but of Hip-Hop as a whole. Today Flash is known as one of the three founding Fathers of Hip-Hop together with the legendary Kool Herc and Afrika Bambaataa. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s these three artists were at the forefront of the New York “block party” scene. Similar to the warehouse and field raves of the 1990’s in the UK, block parties represented an event by the people, for the people, with music that couldn’t be found in the established venues and clubs of the time. Flash happily recalls how in order to power the sound system, lighting and equipment he developed
another not so known technique, rewiring lamp posts. This type of innovation born out of economic necessity can be seen time and time again throughout the evolution of modern urban music genres from Dub and Hip-Hop to their modern counterparts such as Drum and Bass and Trap. From home made pirate radio rigs to cracked music software, where there’s a will, there’s a way. This brings me to one technique in particular, the art of sampling, which is essentially, the art of recycling music and audio. Often shunned by instrumentalists, sampling opened up the world of music production to an entire generation to whom it had been previously inaccessible. No longer requiring a band, recording studio or even instruments, a sampler enabled early Hip-Hop producers to sample the same records that early DJs such as Flash would regularly play at their block parties. A sampler is used to digitally play back pre-recorded material, often cut, looped, reversed and pitched. In other words, the exact processes developed by Grandmaster Flash on the turntables. As with the DJs, producers began to search for their own signature sounds in an attempt to stamp their indvidual sonic identity and stand out from their counterparts. The DJ led culture of
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music feature
“crate digging” was a driving force in the accelerated development and diversification of Hip-Hop as a genre. The use of sampling in early Hip-Hop was in this sense simply a digital emulation of the skills developed by the DJs in both concept and practice. This brings me to perhaps the best known of all of Flash’s early innovations on the turntables, the “Quick Mix” theory. The first step that led to Flash deciding to manipulate the music by hand was noticing the way in which the crowd reacted to certain parts of different pieces of music. Drum solos, or “breaks” as they are known, in particular, would strip away the rest of the band leaving only the solid groove of the drum rhythm. These specific sections of the music would have the best crowd reaction but only made up a small fraction of the entire track. Flash’s next step was to work out how he could isolate and repeat the short “break” with the equipment at his disposal, two turntables, a basic mixer and to every other DJs confusion at the time, a white Crayola crayon. Today’s digital generation of DJ’s are more than familiar with the concept of “cue points”. In the digital age, cue points provide DJs with both the starting point of their mix and also visual markers on the screen of their laptops which enable them to identify specific events in the music without having to be listening to that track at the time. Flash’s approach was considerably more lo-fi but achieves the same results. Having identified the part of the track that he wanted to repeat, Flash would take 2 copies of the record and mark the beginning of the loop with a crayon. Next he would play
the track and count the number of times the marker passed the tone arm of the turntable before it reached the end of the loop. Now Flash had both a visual marker and a way in which to know how many rotations he would need to rewind the vinyl in order to return to the start of the loop. Armed with this new capability, Flash could create seemless, endless loops of the most popular breaks while adding cuts and scratches. For anybody who isn’t familiar with Flash’s “Good Times” routine, a quick YouTube search will provide you with a plethora of demonstrations by the man himself as well as endless DJs paying homage to routine with their own attempts and experiments. This routine in particular demonstrates how Flash combined visual markers and counting rotations and perfected the art of looping and cutting breaks by hand. Much to the dismay of other New York DJs, Flash continued to develop and hone a new arsenal of mixing methods and quickly became known as the best DJ in New York. His popularity at the time can be evidenced by Debbie Harry’s name checking him in Blondie’s 1981 classic hit “Rapture”. “The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash on the Wheels of Steel”, also released in 1981 cemented Flash as the Godfather of DJs and it was at this time that Flash made another particularly culturally important step when he became the first DJ to put the MC’s in the forefront, together with the infamous Furious Five. Up until this time, the MC’s role was that of a Reggae sound system “toaster”, to
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music feature
accompany the DJ and to create audience interaction. As MC’s began to form groups, similar to the crews of breakers and graffiti artists, their routines became more complex and their lyrical content went from simple cheer leading to addressing the realities of inner city life in 1980’s New York. In July 1982, Grandmaster Flash and the Furious 5 released what is considered to be the first ever true Hip-Hop track, “The Message” on Sugar Hill records. As the name implied, there was a clear social commentary to the lyrics, something which continued into the 1990s and beyond through artists such as Public Enemy, Dead Prez and many more. By taking the vocalists and putting them at the forefront, it took Hip-Hop from underground scene to chart success by presenting a more familiar format to the wider public who felt at home with the vocalist in the lead role as with most bands. This established new positions for both the DJ and MC that remain to WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK l 49
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music feature
this day. In the space of two years, Flash and a handful of New York artists had defined the techniques, aesthetics, values and performance format of HipHop and Rap music. There are two main contributing factors to this amazingly quick development: hard work and competition.
the label off the record and then stick it over the label on one of his secret weapons. The rival DJs would rush out and buy the 12” only to discover that they had been tricked once they had opened the fabled cellophane wrapper. Even today, many producers pride themselves on their personal secret collection of breaks and samples.
Flash’s work ethic and analytical mind both came courtesy of his Barbadian immigrant parents. His mother and father both came from technical professional backgrounds. His father was an electrician, his mother a seamstress and Flash grew up in a home where music played an important part in everyday life. His father’s enthusiasm for music was inherited by Flash, who would wait for his parents to leave the home before raiding the vinyl collection and committing the unthinkable sin of “touching the stereo”. I think most people who grew up in the age when the majority of Hi-Fi systems still featured a turntable with a delicate stylus are familiar with this particular parental decree and like most of us, Flash disobeyed and the world thanks that young boy for this small act of rebellion. The competition aspect was bred from the block party culture. DJs would constantly seek to outshine their competition, whether through their turntable skills or as in the case of Jamaican sound systems, by the selection of records alone. DJs would spend all of their available time hunting for little know breaks and tracks that they could play to set them apart. In order to avoid other DJs copying his selection of music, Flash would take the labels from records he did not like which he refers to as “duds” and would soak 50 l WWW.THEGRINDMAGAZINE.CO.UK
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music feature
Aside from having defined a new genre of music, flirted with commercial success and led a new youth subculture which would spread across the globe there is one more element to Flash’s repertoire that cannot be denied. He is a natural entertainer. For anybody who hasn’t had the pleasure of experiencing one of his live shows, make sure not to miss him on his return to the UK and Europe in November and December. Whether behind his turntables or in front of the microphone, Flash draws people in. He has a sense of dynamics and spectacle that can be seen in his interviews, radio
hosting and of course, DJ sets. In 2007, Grandmaster Flash and the Furious 5 became the first Hip-Hop artists to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and those who understand this man’s contribution to not only HipHop but the entire landscape of modern music would say, rightly so. By Adam Barker Live photography: Matthew McAndre www.facebook.com/photosbymcmr
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hydro feature
nutrients
:
the basics
By Jeff Winterborne
Nutrient solutions and powders are a minefield of different and almost confusing variations, based however, on the same theme. It seems that the nutrient manufacturers want to confuse you into buying every possible nutrient, vitamin, hormone and a whole host of other additives to get you to spend as much as possible, in as many ways as possible, so your precious plants can be happier than they already are. To tell the truth and nothing but the truth, nutrient solutions are no more or less than glorified water, in which the most expensive part is the bottle itself! However, the above to one side, these nutrients are absolutely critical for the nurturing, development and fulfilment of your plants’ potential. No nutrients equals no worthy growth. To clarify, certain combinations of nutrients are an absolute necessity for your plants, however, the nutrients manufacturers have exploited this fact from every angle possible! Nutrients are simply differing variants of N-P-K. These nutrients are the required elements that plants uptake in order to grow. The plants absorb carbon, oxygen and hydrogen from the air and water; the other elements required to maintain growth are nutrients and light. Nutrients can be subdivided into two groups: macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are the primary nutrients; micronutrients are the secondary nutrients, also known as trace
“To tell the truth and nothing but the truth, nutrient solutions are no more or less than glorified water” elements. These nutrients can also be classified into a further two groups – stationary and mobile. (N) nitrogen, (P) phosphorus, (K) potassium, (Mg) magnesium, and (Zn) zinc are mobile nutrients. This means that they are able to translocate and retrans locate from one area of the plant to another. (Ca) calcium, (B) boron, (Cl) chlorine, (Co) cobalt, (Cu) copper, (Fe) iron, (Mn) manganese, (Mb) molybdenum, (Si) silicon and (S) sulphur are stationary nutrients. This means that they are not able to re-translocate from one area of the plant to another. An example of re-translocating nutrients would be (N) nitrogen stored in an older leaf system and in order to solve a deficiency in the younger leaves would be able to migrate to solve this deficiency. Deficiency symptoms and signs of retranslocating nutrients appear on the mature leaf systems first. Now in the case of stationary nutrients, they remain static in their original place in the older leaf system. Deficiency symptoms and signs of stationary nutrients are first seen in the upper new leaves of the plant.
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