H mag - Jan 2011 by The H magazine

ISSN 1828-6437

January 2011 - Year IV - Issue n.24

iPAD Generations

What a phenomenal end of 2010 we had! Our magazine recorded one more time over 2MLN readers and we had over 600,000 readers on ISSUU as well. That’s a lot of people! Well, we are working hard on the new H mag edition coming out in a couple of months but these numbers are caffeine for our minds. What we’ve been doing with the digital magazines since 2004 it’s unique. Today we know that we still have a very long trip but at least we know

Editor in Chief Michelle Lavinne Art Director Chris Labrame Executive Editor Monica Censi Fashion Director Arianna Cerri Managing Editor Michele Soldano Senior Features Editor Jennifer Leviance Graphics Angelo Cristaldi Maria Pozzi

that we are on the right direction. New digital magazines are coming out every week and some of the most trendy printed magazines switched

Executive Contributors New York Maureen Logbrad Paris Ophelie Henry

to digital at least partially at the moment. As a journalist, I can tell you that the most incredible device ever has been launched in 2010: the iPAD! Right after, the must for every single editor in this world is to be there on the iPADs. Well, of course we are working on, we are very close and we are making the first tests. The digital magazines on the iPAD are not just the new trendy idea of the moment. That’s the most incredible change ever for the editorial business and for every editor in this little world. Enjoy your H mag!!!

“They’ve been cutting back on real actors for a long time,” - Leslie Nielsen -

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Publication Director Mauro Somma

London Antoine Muller Los Angeles Joshua Osvaldt Advertising Matteo Bergamini Public Relations Elisa Marchionni Published by Area 31 Media www.area31media.com Rome Piazza del Popolo, 22 00100 Rome / Italy info@thehmag.com Paris Avenue Hoce, 48 Paris / France info@area31media.com Warning: all images and texts are copyright protected. Every reproduction is not permitted without our special agreement signed.

4 - Editorial 10 - HARRISON FORD Starring

10 22

22 - SEASON OF THE WITCH Movie 26 - HAITI - 1 YEAR AFTER World 30 - TRON:LEGACY Making of 42 - THE DILEMMA Movie 46 - DUFFY Music 50 - NO STRINGS ATTACHED Movie 54 - NELSON MANDELA Portraits 66 - KIRSTEN DUNST Spotlight

80 - BARNEY’S VERSION Movie 84 - HISTORY OF THE FILMS Reportage 98 - EXTERNAL HARD DRIVES Techs 102 - EVERY DAY Movie

106 - FLASH INEXPENSIVE Camcorders 112 - ONCE UPON A TIME IN THE WEST Soundtrack 116 - BLUE VALENTINE Movie 120 - X MEN: FIRST CLASS Filming

122 - THE WAY BACK Movie 126 - MEN IN BLACK 3 Set Pics

BURNING PALMS - 128 Movie NIKON D7000 - 132 Camera TANGLED - 136 Written By

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TRANS SIBERIAN - 140 Reportage THE GREEN HORNET - 148 Movie LESLIE NIELSEN - 152 Priority CHAI TEA - 162 Drinks ANOTHER YEAR - 164 Movie MOON BLOODGOOD - 168 Highlights ONG BAK 3 - 172 Movie

140 152

WALKING - 176 Health BURIED - 180 Script SCARFACE - 184 Cult TOYOTA TAKOMA - 194 Motors RELEASES - 198 Cool Stuff GOOD NEIGHBOR SAM - 182 Dvds

168

NEWS - 208 Television NORTH COREA - 212 Travel TRON EVOLUTION - 226 Games MUST READ - 228 Books

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Written by Emma Fueler

STARRING You have to be willing to *live* in front of people. Live in front of people. Let them see the good, the bad, the ugly, the weak, the strong, the conflicted, the terrible... One of the things about acting that gives me the greatest satisfaction is the opportunity for that emotional exercise. That investment to the point where it produces true emotion.

HARRISON F

ord was born July 13, 1942 at Chicago, Illinois’s Swedish Covenant Hospital, to Dorothy (née Dora Nidelman), a homemaker and former radio actress, and Christopher Ford (born John William Ford), an advertising executive and a former actor. A younger brother, Terence, was born in 1945. Ford’s paternal grandparents, John Fitzgerald Ford and Florence Veronica Niehaus, were of Irish Catholic and German descent, respectively. Ford’s maternal grandparents, Harry Nidelman and Anna Lifschutz, were Jewish immigrants from Minsk, Belarus (at that time a part of the Russian Empire). When asked in which religion he was raised, Ford has jokingly responded, “Democrat”.

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FORD as

always H mag - 11

STARRING America, and achieved its secondhighest rank, Life Scout. He

worked at a scout camp, Napowan Adventure Base, as a counselor for the Reptile Study merit badge. Because of this, he and Eagle Scout director Steven Spielberg later decided that the character of young Indiana Jones would be depicted as a Life Scout in the film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.

They

also jokingly reversed Ford’s knowledge of reptiles into Jones’s fear of snakes. In 1960, Ford graduated from Maine East High School in Park Ridge, Illinois. His was the first student voice

broadcast on his high school’s new radio station, WMTH, and he was its first sportscaster during his senior year (1959–1960). He attended Ripon

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College in Wisconsin, where he was a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity. He took a drama class in his junior year, chiefly as a way to meet women. Ford, a self-described “late bloomer”, became fascinated with acting.

1964

Career

In , Ford travelled to Los Angeles, California to apply for a job in radio voice-overs.

He did not get it, but stayed in California and eventually signed a $150 a week contract with Columbia Pictures’s New Talent program, playing bit roles in films. His first known part was an uncredited role as a bellhop in Dead Heat on a Merry-Go-Round (1966). There is little record of his non-speaking roles (or “extra” work) in film. His speaking roles continued next with Luv (1967), though he was still uncredited. He was finally credited as “Harrison J. Ford” in the 1967 Western film, A Time for Killing, but the “J” did not stand for anything since he has

no middle name. It was added to

avoid

confusion with a silent film actor named Harrison Ford, who appeared in more than 80 films between 1915 and 1932, and died in 1957. Ford later said that he was unaware of the existence of the earlier Harrison Ford until he came upon a star with his own name on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Ford soon dropped the “J” and worked for Universal Studios, playing minor roles in many television series throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, including Gunsmoke, Ironside, The Virginian, The F.B.I., Love, American

I make a character out of those things that allow him to tell the story. I’m not an actor who will say, ‘Well, my character would never do that.’ If the story requires it, then I’ll find a way of accommodating that in character. For me, it’s not about performance. It’s about storytelling. Once I get a clear idea of what I want to accomplish, then acting is just dressing up and playing.

Zabriskie Point as an arStyle, and Kung Fu. He appeared rested student protester. happy with the roles being ofin the western Journey to Not fered to him, Ford became a selfShiloh (1968) and had an taught professional carpenter to supuncredited, non-speak- port his then-wife and two small sons. While working as a carpenter, he being role in Michelange- came a stagehand for the popular lo Antonioni’s 1970 film rock band The Doors. He also built a H mag - 13

STARRING role to date. In 1975, George Lucas hired him to read lines for actors being cast for parts in his upcoming space opera, Star Wars (1977).

However, Lucas was eventually won over by Ford’s portrayal and decided to cast him as Han Solo. sun deck for Sally Kellerman and a recording studio for Sergio Mendes. He returned to acting when George Lucas, who had hired him to build

cast him in a pivotal supporting role for his film American Graffiti (1973). cabinets in his home,

His relationship with Lucas was to have a profound effect on Ford’s career. After director Francis Ford Coppola’s film The Godfather was a success, he hired Ford to do expansions of his office and Harrison was given a small role in his next two films, The Conversation (1974) and Apocalypse Now (1979).

StarWars

ord’s work as a carpenter would land him his biggest

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Star Wars became the second highest grossing movie of all time in the United States and established Harrison Ford as a superstar. He went on to star in the successful Star Wars sequels, The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983), as well as The Star Wars Holiday Special (1978). Ford wanted Lucas to write in the death of the iconic Han Solo at the end of either sequel, saying “that would have given the whole film a bottom”, but Lucas refused.

Indiana Jones The type of fedora worn by Ford in the Indiana Jones films. Ford’s stardom as a leading man was solidified when he starred as Indiana Jones in the Lucas/Spielberg collaboration Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981). He reprised the role for the prequel Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984), and the sequel Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), which turned Ford himself into a blockbuster phenomenon. He later returned to his role as Indiana Jones again for a 1993 episode of the television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles and for the fourth film Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008).

A sequel, Indiana Jones 5, is currently in development. The

story

was originally rumored to center around the Bermuda Triangle. Frank Marshall later revealed on his Twitter page, however, that

the story was false. Shia LaBeouf is set to return as Indy’s son, Mutt Williams.

Ford’s star power has waned in recent years, the result of appearing in numerous critically derided and commercially disappointing movies, including Six Days Seven Nights (1998), Random Hearts (1999), K-19: The Widowmaker (2002), Hollywood Homicide (2003), and Firewall (2006). One exception was 2000’s

Spalko.

In 1957, World War II hero Indiana Jones and his longtime partner George “Mac” McHale are kidnapped by a group of Soviet agents led by the psychic Colonel Dr. Irina

The Soviets infiltrate a 1950’s Area 51 in Nevada and force Indiana to find a crate containing the remains of an extraterrestrial being that crashed ten years prior in Roswell, New Mexico. After finding the crate, Mac double-crosses Indiana, having been bought off by the Soviets (in the ensuing chase, Indiana knocks over a crate which contains the Ark of the Covenant from the first film).

What Lies Beneath, which ended up

grossing over $155 million in the United States and $300 millionworldwide.

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STARRING

{

Los Angeles is where you have to be if you want to be an actor. You have no choice. You go there or New York. I flipped a coin about it. It came up New York, so I flipped again.

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STARRING well as Ludwig clothing company. Ford injured his chin at the age of 20 when his car, a Volvo 544, hit a telephone pole in Northern California; the scar is visible in his films. An explanation for it on film is offered in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, when a young Indiana Jones cuts his chin while attempt-

received “Best Actor” BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations. He received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2002 Golden Globe Awards and on June 2, 2003, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He has received three additional “Best Actor” Golden Globe nominations for The Mosquito Coast, The Fugitive and Sabrina.

Private

arrison Ford is one of Hollywood’s most notoriously private actors, guarding his per-

two

sonal life. He has sons (Benjamin and Willard) with his first wife, Mary Marquardt, as well as two children (Malcolm and Georgia) with his second wife, screenwriter Melissa Mathison. He began dating Calista Flockhart after meeting at the 2002 Golden Globes, and together they are parents to her adopted son, Liam. Ford proposed to Flockhart over Valentine’s Day weekend in 2009. They were married on June 15, 2010 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, where Ford is filming Cowboys and Aliens. Ford has three grandchildren: Eliel (b. 1993), Giuliana (b. 1997), and Ethan (b. 2000). Son Benjamin owns Ford’s Filling Station, a gastro pub in Culver City, California. Son Willard is coowner of Ford&Ching showroom as

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ing to crack a whip to ward off a lion. In Working Girl, Ford’s character explains that it happened when he passed out and hit his chin on the toilet when a college girlfriend was piercing his ear. In June 1983, at age 40, during the filming of Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom in London, he herniated a disc in his back, forcing him to fly back to Los Angeles for an operation. He returned six weeks later.

Awards Ford received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor for Witness, for which he also

In 2006, Ford was awarded the Jules Verne Spirit of Nature Award for his work in nature and wildlife preservation. The ceremony took place at the historic Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California.

He received the first ever Hero Award for his many iconic roles, including Han Solo and Indiana Jones, at the 2007 Scream Awards, and in 2008, the Spike TV’s Guy’s Choice Award for Brass Balls.

There are several stories interwoven throughout the movie. For simplicity, they are separated out in this description, each with its own paragraph.

After immigrant Mireya Sanchez is deported, immigration officer Max Brogan takes care of her little son, and brings him to the boy’s grandparents in Mexico. Later the woman is found dead near the border. Brogan returns to the grandparents to tell them the bad news. Taslima Jahangir, a 15-year-old girl from Bangladesh, presents a paper at school promoting that people should try to understand the 9/11 hijackers.

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SEASON Witch O OF THE

Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

scar® winner Nicolas Cage (National Treasure, Ghost Rider) and Ron Perlman (Hellboy, Hellboy II) star in this supernatural action adventure about a heroic Crusader and his fellow soldier who must transport a woman accused of being a witch to a remote monastery.

The arduous journey across perilous terrain tests their strength and courage as they discover the girl’s secret and find themselves battling a terrifyingly powerful force that will determine the fate of the world.

Christopher Lee

Lee was born in Belgravia, Westminster, England, as the son of Lieutenant-Colonel Geoffrey Trollope Lee of the 60th King’s Royal Rifle Corps and his wife Contessa Estelle Marie (née Carandini di Sarzano). Lee’s mother was a famous Edwardian beauty who was painted by Sir John Lavery as well as by Oswald Birley and Olive Snell, and sculpted by Clare F. Sheridan. Lee’s maternal great-grandfather was an Italian political refugee. His parents separated when he was very young, and his mother took him and his sister to Switzerland.

Starring

Writer Bragi F. Schut

Director Dominic Sena

Nicolas Cage, Ron Perlman, Robert Sheehan, Claire Foy,

Release Date January 7th, 2011

fter enrolling in Miss Fisher’s Academy in Wengen, he played his first villainous role as Rumpelstiltskin. The family returned to London, where Lee attended Wagner’s private school. His mother then married Harcourt “Ingle” Rose, a banker and stepcousin of Ian Fleming, author of the James Bond novels. Lee applied unsuccessfully for a scholarship to Eton although the interview was to prove portentous because of the presence of the noted ghost story author M. R. James. Lee later claimed in his autobiography that James had cut a very impressive figure; sixty years later Lee played the part of M.R. James for the BBC.

“James was at that time nick-named ‘Black Mouse’, derived in part from his faintly sinister black cape and mortar board, and part from his habit of mewing unexpectedly at recalcitrant pupils.

I cannot in all honesty say that at the time I was wholly displeased in failing to secure a scholarship; in many ways it was a relief. But I do know this: few men have created such a profound impression upon me, and I partially attribute my lifelong interest in the occult to my subsequent discovery of the horror stories penned by that most intriguing and intimidating of men.” Instead, Lee attended Wellington College, where he won scholarships in classics. Lee volunteered

to fight for the Finnish forces during the Winter War against the Soviet Union in 1939; however, he among with other British volunteers were kept away from actual fighting, although he was issued winter gear and was posted on guard duty a safe distance from the frontlines. He went on to serve in the Royal Air Force and intelligence services during World War II, including serv-

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MOVIE ing as an Intelligence officer with the Long Range Desert Group. He trained in South Africa as a pilot, but eyesight problems forced him to drop out. He eventually ended up in North Africa as Cipher Officer for No. 260 Squadron RAF and was with it through Sicily and Italy. Additionally, he has mentioned (including in his audio commentary on the Lord of the Rings DVD) serving in Special Operations Executive. Lee retired from the RAF after the end of the War with the rank of Flight Lieutenant.

He made his film debut in Terence Young’s Gothic romance Corridor of Mirrors in 1947.

1946

Also in 1947, Lee made an uncredited appearance in LauIn , Lee gained a seven-year contract with the Rank Or- rence Olivier’s film version of Hamlet as a spear carrier ganisation after discussing his inter(marking his first film with est in acting with his mother’s second frequent co-star and close cousin Nicolò Carandini, the Italian Ambassador. Carandini related to Lee friend Peter Cushing, who that performance was in his blood, as played Osric). Throughout the his great-grandmother Marie Carannext decade, he made neardini had been a successful opera singly 30 films, playing mostly er, a fact of which Lee was unaware. stock action characters. Lee’s first film for Hammer was The Curse of Frankenstein (1957), in which he played Frankenstein’s monster, with Cushing as the Baron. A little later, Lee co-starred with Boris Karloff in the film Corridors of Blood (1958), but Lee’s own appearance as Frankenstein’s monster also led to his first appearance as the Transylvanian vampire in the 1958 film Dracula.

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less. They also estimated that

The island of Hispaniola, shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic, is seismically active and has a history of destructive earthquakes. During Haiti’s time as a French colony, earthquakes were recorded by French historian Moreau de Saint-Méry (1750–1819).

250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings had col-

HAITI 1 YEAR AFTER

he 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake, with an epicentre near the town

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of Léogâne, approximately 25 km (16 miles) west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti’s capital. The earthquake occurred at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010. By 24 January, at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded.

An estimated three million people were affected by the quake; the Haitian government reported that an estimated 230,000 people had died, 300,000 had been injured and 1,000,000 made home-

Haiti (MINUSTAH), located in the capital, collapsed, killing many, including the Mission’s Chief, Hédi Annabi. Many countries responded to appeals for humanitarian aid, pledging funds lapsed or were severely damaged. and dispatching rescue and medThe earthquake caused ma- ical teams, engineers and supjor damage port personnel. in Port-auCommunicaThe earthquake ocPrince, Jaction systems, mel and other curred at 16:53 lo- air, land, and settlements sea transport cal time (21:53 UTC) in the region. facilities, hosMany notaon Tuesday, pitals, and elecble landmark trical networks 12 January 2010. buildings had been damwere signifiaged by the cantly damearthquake. aged or destroyed, including the Presidential Palace, the National Assembly building, the Port-auPrince Cathedral, and the main jail. Among those killed were Archbishop of Port-au-Prince Joseph Serge Miot, and opposition leader Micha Gaillard. The headquarters of the

tions

United Na-

Stabilization Mission in

Did we forget? Already?

Written by Emma Fueler

WORLD

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TRON

n 1989, Kevin Flynn (Jeff Bridges), an innovative software engineer and the CEO of ENCOM International, tells his sevenyear-old son Sam (Owen Best) about a new “digital frontier” he has created called The Grid, a virtual domain existing inside the ENCOM mainframe. Kevin tells Sam of the two programs helping him, Tron and Clu; Tron keeps The Grid secure, while Clu is tasked with creating the perfect system. One night, Kevin departs for his office to continue working on the development of his creation, when he mysteriously vanishes.

Twenty years later, Sam (Gar-

rett Hedlund) is haunted by Kevin’s disappearance. After sabotaging EN-

COM’s operations in order to protect his father’s legacy, Sam is visited by his father’s friend and ENCOM executive Alan Bradley (Bruce Boxleitner). Bradley had received a page originating from a supposedly disconnected phone line at Flynn’s long-shuttered arcade, and he urges Sam to investigate it, convinced that doing so may lead to information regarding Kevin’s whereabouts. While exploring the arcade, Sam discovers a concealed door leading to a computer laboratory in the basement.

Attempting discover

to what his father was doing by calling up the command logs and reissuing the last command entered, Sam unintentionally activates a digitizing laser which transports him to The Grid. Sam is captured and taken to the

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game arena, where he receives combat armor and an identity storage battle disc from four Sirens, the arena’s armorers. When Sam attempts to escape, he is pitted against Rinzler, a master of the games. When Rinzler notices that Sam bleeds, he realizes Sam is not a program, but a User. Sam is taken before Clu, who Sam initially believes is his father. Clu forces Sam into a Light Cycle match with several other programs, and Sam is nearly killed before Quorra (Olivia Wilde) rescues him, taking him to a distant hideout in the Off-Grid Outlands. There, he is reunited with his father Kevin. It is revealed that, during The Grid’s development, so-called “isomorphic algorithms” (ISOs) manifested out with the potential to unlock mysteries in almost every field of science, religion, and medicine.

Clu saw the ISOs as imperfect beings, and following his programming to create a perfect system, betrayed both Kevin and Tron and seized control over The Grid. He then systematically eliminated all ISOs. It is further revealed that the portal to the real world, which takes mas-

sive amounts of energy to sustain, cannot remain open indefinitely and ultimately closes; it can only be opened from the outside. Quorra discloses that Kevin can choose to “re-integrate” with Clu at any time, but that the process would destroy them both. Seeing how determined Sam is to go back,

Quorra tells him about a

program called Zuse, who she believes may be able to provide safe passage out of The Grid. Using Flynn’s Light Cycle to travel back onto The Grid, Sam employs a decoy to occupy Clu’s troops while he infiltrates the End of the Line Club. While

legacy

Written by Lauren Hodson

MAKING OF

search-

ing for Zuse, Sam

encounters Gem (Beau Garrett), one of the Sirens from the arena, who tells Sam she can lead him to the per-

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MAKING OF and Quorra have a conversation in which Quorra expresses her desire to witness the real world, particularly the sun.

son he needs to find. At the End of Line Club, the club owner Castor (Michael Sheen) is revealed to be Zuse, but instead of assisting Sam, he turns against him.

and

Kevin Quorra arrive to rescue Sam, and Quorra is severely injured when her arm is derezzed. They escape, but not before Kevin’s disc is seized by Castor. Kevin, Sam and Quorra are nearly killed when the elevator they are on plummets from the End of Line club, but Kevin uses his administrative powers as The Grid’s creator to bring the lift to a gentle stop. Castor bargains with Clu to be given dominion over the city in exchange for Kevin’s disc, but Clu simply takes the disc and destroys the club, derezzing Castor and Gem with it. Stowing away on a Solar Sailer, a transport ship, Kevin heals Quorra, now revealed to be the last surviving ISO, and brings her back online. As the ship approaches the portal, Sam

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All ultimately arrive at a station aboard a massive warship. While trying to avoid detection, the trio encounters Rinzler. Entrusting her identity disc to Kevin, Quorra attempts to sacrifice herself as a distraction so that Sam and Kevin may safely reach the portal, but she is instead taken hostage by Rinzler. Watching Quorra’s capture, Kevin sees Rinzler for the first time and immediately recognizes him as Tron, apparently reprogrammed into servitude under Clu. Meanwhile, Clu addresses his troops, revealing his plans to use Kevin’s disc as a means of sending himself and his army into the real world in order to “perfect” it. While Kevin commandeers transport off of the warship, Sam saves Quorra and retakes Kevin’s disc. The trio again heads for the portal, pursued by Clu, his guards and Rinzler using Light Jets. Between

Jet and continues his pursuit. After plunging into the sea, the red illumination on Rinzler’s armor changes to his original white, signifying the regaining of his identity as Tron. As Sam, Kevin and Quorra reach the portal, their progress is hindered by Clu, who arrived before them. Clu again seizes Kevin’s identity disc, but is horrified to discover that it is actually Quorra’s disc. Kevin uses his powers to prevent Clu from reaching Sam and Quorra in the portal, ultimately sacrificing himself by re-integrating with Clu. The two merge and explode as Sam and Quorra transport through the portal back to the real world. Back in the basement of Flynn’s arcade, Sam saves a copy of The Grid on a flash drive and meets Alan upstairs. Sam tells Alan that he will start working at ENCOM on Monday, and as the controlling interest shareholder of ENCOM, he will name Alan chairman of the board. Sam finds Quorra outside, and she inquires as to what they

flying

Quorra’s evasive and Sam manning a rear turret, they manage to shoot down most of their opponents, leaving only Clu and Rinzler. As the flyer takes damage, Rinzler makes eye contact with Kevin, suddenly rousing memories of his original identity as Tron. Declaring, “I fight for the Users,” Rinzler deliberately collides with Clu’s Light-Jet. As Clu and Rinzler plummet towards the digital Sea of Simulation, Clu manages to steal Rinzler’s spare Light

will do now. Sam then takes her on a ride on his motorcycle, showing her the real world she had longed to see. In the late 1990s, there was specula-

tion that Disney would make a sequel film, due to the original film’s cult following. On July 29, 1999, ZDnet News reported that a Tron sequel or remake was being considered by Pixar.

Throughout

the next several years, many unfounded rumors that a Tron sequel was in production or being developed were reported by various news websites. On January 13, 2005, Variety reported that Disney had hired Brian Klugman and Lee Sternthal to write a sequel to Tron. Original sequel logo, from the test footage premiered at Comic-Con 2008. At the 2008 San Diego Comic-Con, a preliminary teaser trailer (labeled as TR2N and directed by Joseph Kosinski) was shown as a surprise to convention guests. It depicted a yellow Program engaged in a light cycle battle with a blue Program, and it prominently featured Jeff Bridges reprising his role as an aged Kevin Flynn (from the first film). At the end of the trailer, the yellow Program showed his face, which appeared identical to Flynn’s earlier program Clu (resembling the younger Flynn in Tron). While the trailer did not confirm that a Tron sequel was in production, it showed that Disney was serious about a sequel. In an interview with Sci-Fi Wire, Bridges revealed that the

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MAKING OF test footage was not likely to appear in the finished movie. On July 23, 2009, Disney revealed the current title at their Comic-Con 3D panel. Jeff Bridges explains that the title is in reference to the story’s theme:

“It’s basically a story about a son’s search for his father.”

on at the same time. The boards also combine in real time until the last two Disc warriors are connected. Light cycles make a return,with new designs by Daniel Simon. According to the press conference at Comic-Con 2009, a new vehicle appears called a “Light Runner,” a two-seat version of the light cycle. It is said to be very fast, and has the unique ability to go off The Grid on its own power. We also get a glimpse at Kevin Flynn’s own cycle, a “Second Generation Light Cycle” designed in 1989 by Flynn and “rumor has it it’s still the fastest thing on The Grid.” It incorporates some of the look of both films. The movie also features theatrical 7.1 surround sound.

They also showed a trailer similar to the one shown at Comic-Con 2008, with updated visuals. At the time, the film just wrapped production and they had a year of post production ahead of them. Because none of the footage from inside the computer world was finished, they premiered concept images from the production. Art included the recognizer, which has been updated from the original film. Concept photos were also shown of Disc Wars, which has also been revised from the original film into a 16game tournament. The arena is setup so that the game court organically changes, and all 16 games are going

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life-size model of the light cycle was put on display at a booth at Fan Expo 2009 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from August 28–30, 2009, along with a special presentation of material from the production. The conceptual art shown at Comic-Con was shown in the session, along with some test film of the martial artists who play a more athletic style of Disc Wars. A segment from the movie showed Flynn’s son entering the now-decrepit arcade, playing a Tron stand-up arcade video game, noticing a passage in the wall behind the Tron game and entering it, the passage closing behind him. Flynn’s son makes the visit to the arcade after Alan Bradley receives a

page from the disconnected phone number of the arcade. The footage was used later as part of the trailer released on March 5, 2010. The original character of Yori does not appear in the sequel; nor does her user, Dr. Lora Baines, even though the film refers to Alan Bradley being married to Lora. According to online media Sci Fi Wire: “Fans have been lobbying for actress Cindy Morgan to be in the movie.” There are active campaigns online, such as “Yori Lives” on Facebook, which is independent of Morgan herself. “All I know is what I’m seeing online,” Morgan said.

“I am so thrilled and touched and excited about the fan reaction and about people talking about the first one and how it relates to the sec-

ond one. I can’t tell you how warm a feeling I get from that. It just means so much.” No one from Tron: Legacy had contacted Morgan, and she did not directly speak with anyone from the Joseph Kosinski-directed sequel. As Dr. Lora Baines, Cindy Morgan had appeared with Bruce Boxleitner (as Alan Bradley) at the Encom Press Conference in San Francisco, April 2, 2010. Filming began in Vancouver, British Columbia in April 2009. Stage shooting for the film took place at the Canadian Motion Picture Park studio in south Burnaby. Most of the film was filmed in 3D, as was the teaser. The film’s beginning portions were shot in 2D. 40 minutes of the film were shot in IMAX. Digital Domain was contracted to work on the visual effects. In April 2009, pictures were leaked onto the Internet showing actors in blue skintight suits. The

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MAKING OF design of the suits is reminiscent of the outfits worn by the actors in the original film.

Kosinski

Director also revealed that the faces of the younger Flynn, as well as Clu 2.0, were created entirely in CG. In some sequences the image shows a fine mesh pattern and some blurring. That is not interference or a production fault, but indicates that that sequence is a flashback and to simulate an older form of video representation technology. Electronic music duo Daft Punk composed the film score.At the time of the 2009 ComicCon, it was revealed they composed 24 tracks for the film. When Kosinski was asked why he decided to have Daft Punk do the film score, he replied, “How could you not at least go to those guys?” Kosinski referred to the score as being a mixture of orchestral and electronic elements.

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Olivia Wilde stated that the duo may be involved with future promotional events. A teaser trailer features Daft Punk and their track “Derezzed” from the soundtrack. The film score features an 85-piece orchestra, recorded at AIR Lyndhurst Studios in London. A soundtrack album of the film was released on December 6, 2010. A deluxe edition of the album was also released that includes a poster of Daft Punk from the film. The songs “Separate Ways” by Journey and “Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)” by Eurythmics are also featured in the film. Daft Punk’s score

was arranged and orchestrated by Joseph Trapanese. Jason Bentley served as the film’s music supervisor. Crowd effects for the gaming arena were recorded at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International. During one of the Tron: Legacy panels, the crowd was given instruction via

a large video screen while techs from Skywalker Sound recorded the performance. The audience performed chants and stomping effects similar to what is heard in modern sports arenas.

July 21

On , 2009, several movie-related websites posted they had received via mail a pair of “Flynn’s Arcade” tokens along with a flash drive. Its content was an animated GIF that showed CSS code lines. Four of them were put together and part of the code was cracked, revealing the URL to Flynnlives.com, a fictitious site maintained by activists who believe Kevin Flynn is alive, even though he’s been missing since 1989. Clicking on a tiny spider in the lower section of the main page led to a countdown clock that hit zero on July 23, 2009, 9:30 pm PDT. Within the Terms of Use Section, an address was found. It lies in San Diego, California, USA near the city’s convention center where the Comic Con 2009 took place and some footage and information on the sequel was released. Flynn’s Ar-

cade was re-opened at that location, with several Space Paranoids arcade machines and a variety of ‘80s video games. A full-size light cycle from the new movie was on display. A ninth viral site, homeoftron.com, was found. It portrays some of the history of Flynn’s Arcade as well as a fan memoir section. On December 19, 2009 a new poster was revealed, along with the second still from the movie. Banners promoting the film paved the way to the 2010 Comic-Con convention center, making this a record third appearance for the film at the annual event. On October 19, 2010, a new banner was revealed, combining segments from the original Tron poster in it. In the poster, Sam reaches out for his disk in the air, with Quorra by his side in the world of Tron. The first theatrical trailer was released on March 5, 2010 with Alice in Wonderland, and featured scenes with Sam, Flynn and the Tron world. The second trailer was attached to Step Up 3D. Another trailer was attached to Resident Evil: Afterlife one was also attached to Jackass 3D. On November 9, 2010, a new trailer was released. Sneak previews of the film aired on November 5 on

H mag - 37

MAKING OF Disney Channel during new episodes of The Suite Life on Deck and Pair of Kings.

also

Disney partnered with Coke Zero to promote Tron: Legacy. Said promotion included promotional in-store standees, as well as Tron: Legacy logos and character art on Coke Zero cans, bottles, and 2-liters, as well as pre-movie advertisements at movie theater chains, and extensive promotional material on the official Coke Zero website. At the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida, one monorail train was decorated with special artwork depicting lightcycles with trailing beams of light, along with the film’s logo. This Tron themed monorail, which was renamed the “Tronorail,” was unveiled in March 2010. At the Disneyland Resort in California, a nighttime dance party named “ElecTRONica” premiered on October 8, 2010 and is still continued, in the Hollywood Pictures Backlot at Disney California Adventure. Winners of America’s Best Dance Crew, Poreotics, perform at ElecTRONica. As part of ElecTRONica, a sneak peek with

38 - H mag

scenes from the film is shown in 3D with additional in-theater effects in the MuppetVision theater. On October 29, 2010, the nighttime show World of Color at Disney California Adventure began soft-openings after its second show of a Tron: Legacy themed encore using a Daft Punk music piece titled “The Game Has Changed” from the movie soundtrack, using new effects and projections on Paradise Pier attractions. The encore officially premiered on November 1, 2010. On December 12, 2010 The show Extreme Makeover Home Edition as part of a house rebuild constructed a Tron: Legacy themed bedroom for one of the occupants young boys. The black painted room not only consisted of life sized Tron city graphics but glowing blue line graphics on the walls, floor and furniture, a desk with glowing red lit Recognizers for the legs and a Tron suit inspired desk chair, a Lightcycle shaped chair with blue lighting accents, projection mural system that projects Tron imagery on a glass wall partition, laptop computer, flatscreen Television, several Tron Legacy action figures, a daybed in black and shimering dark blue and blue overhead lit panels. Disney was involved with the Ice Hotel in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden through association with designers Ian Douglas-Jones at I-N-D-J and Ben Rousseau to create “The Legacy of the

The Ice Hotel is expected to get 60,000 visitors for the season which lasts December 2010 through April 2011. On November 19, 2010, the Tron: Legacy Pop Up Shop opened at Royal-T Cafe and Art Space in Culver City, Cali-

River”, a high-tech suite inspired by Tron: Legacy.

The suite uses electroluminescent wire to capture the art style of the film. It consists of over 60 square meters of 100mm thick ice equating to approximately six tons. 160 linear meters of electroluminescent wire were routed out, sandwiched and then glued with powdered snow and water to create complex geometric forms.

fornia. The shop featured many of the collaborative products created as tie ins with the movie from brands such as Oakley, Hurley and Adidas. The space was decorated in theme and the adjacent cafe had a tie in menu with Tron inspired dishes. The shop will remain open until December 23, 2010.

video game

A tie-in , entitled Tron: Evolution, was released on December 7, 2010. The story sits between the original Tron film and Tron: Legacy.

Teaser trailers were released

in November 2009, while a longer trailer was shown during the Spike Video Game Awards on December 12, 2009. IGN reviewed the Playstation 3 version of the game but gave it only a “passable” 6 out of 10.

H mag - 39

charity events for retinitis O’Brien, Dennis Miller Live, The pigmentosa, with which she is Late Late Show, The Rosie O’Donnell Show, The Ellen DeGeneres Show and afflicted.

DILEMMA

THE

Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

James was raised in the “S-Section” of Stony Brook and graduated from Ward Melville High School in 1983, where one of his teammates on the wrestling team was (professional wrestler) Mick Foley. He was a student at, but did not graduate from, the State University of New York at Cortland, where he was a member of

ince Vaughn and Kevin James will play best friends and business partners, and Vaughn’s character is tortured when he observes his pal’s wife getting intimate with another man in a restaurant.

Should he tell?

Kevin James James was born in Mineola, New York at Winthrop-University Hospital, to Janet, a homemaker who also worked in a chiropractor’s office, and Joseph Valentine Knipfing, who owned an insurance company.

James has two siblings, Gary Joseph Knipfing, known as Gary Valentine, also a comedian, and Leslie Knipfing; Leslie works for James and helped raise money through

Starring

Writer Allan Loeb

Director Ron Howard

Kevin James, Vince Vaughn, Winona Ryder, Jennifer Connelly,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

Live with Regis and Kathy Lee. James was #89 on Comedy Central’s list of the 100 Greatest Stand-Up Comedi-

Pi Lambda Phi Fraternity. James began doing stand-up comedy, gaining popularity through numerous appearances on various talk shows, including The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Late Show with David Letterman, Late Night with Conan

ans.

ames has also done his stand-up routine on Just for Laughs, an annual comedy festival in Montreal.

James is a friend of Ray Romano and he guest-starred on a few episodes of Romano’s hit CBS sitcom, Everybody Loves Raymond. These appearances led to the development of his own sitcom, The King of Queens, which ran on the same network from September 21, 1998 to May 14, 2007.

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MOVIE James played the lead as an overweight delivery man, Doug, who worked for a company known as IPS and was married to Carrie (Leah Remini). As a result of his work on the show he was nominated for an Emmy for the most outstanding lead actor in a comedy show.

2001

In , James did his own stand-up special called Kevin James: Sweat the Small Stuff. He has also appeared as a musical guest on Just for Laughs. In March 2010, James hosted the 2010 Kids’ Choice Awards.

James made his film debut in the 2005 romantic comedy, Hitch, for which he got very high praise for his role alongside Will Smith and Eva Mendes. In 2006, he co-starred with his Everybody Loves Raymond colleague

Ray Romano in the comedy Grilled and provided voice talents in the animated films Monster House and Barnyard. In 2007, James co-starred opposite Adam Sandler in the comedy I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry, and also made a cameo in Sandler’s 2008 film You Don’t Mess with the Zohan. James’ 2009 comedy Paul Blart: Mall Cop, opened as the #1 film in North America with a weekend gross of $39 million, far exceeding expectations, and eventually grossed $219 million from ticket and home video sales. More recently, James appeared in Grown Ups, which co-starred numerous Saturday Night Live alumni.

A web series titled Dusty Peacock produced by James and starring his brother Gary Valentine began streaming on Crackle in July 2009. 44 - H mag

Written by Emma Fueler

MUSIC

y f f u D

astiche. Too knowing and it’s irritating, too slavish and it’s flat, but beware the ‘modern twist’. Witness the disco-tango-pop of ‘Keep-

bert Hammond Sr (yes, the Stroke’s dad), ‘Endlessly’ is best when it doesn’t try so hard.

The hip-hop tinged ‘My Boy’ and the muscular soul pop of ‘Well, Well, Well’ are perfectly pitched, if at odds with the likes of ‘Too Hurt To Dance’, which perpetuates the Little Eva-sings-Soul Dusty shtick perfected on ‘Rockaway Beach’.

Michael Jackson

ing My Baby’, a low point on Duffy’s mostly decent second album. Produced with ?uestlove of and Al-

That cat-in-a-swing-coat yowl will still be a divider for many, but it’s a snag of human individuality in a smooth, if mixed package.

& Akon

hen Will.I.Am of all people is denouncing your project on the grounds of taste and authenticity, you know you’re on shaky ground. When your lead single is a duet with Akon, you should probably just pack up and go home. Mi-

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chael Jackson couldn’t do any of these things of course, because Michael Jackson is dead.

When you go in to listen to the postthe vocals are treated to (excuse the humous album of unreleased Michael phrasing) within an inch of their lives. Jackson songs you’re met with a 10But the gleaming falsetto, the rock page document that painstakingly dehowl and propulsive beatboxing are tails the narrative of how this record all, to different extents, intact. is authentic, genuine and tastefully in Thirdly, the robotic R&B that defines tune with the album Jackson was al‘Michael’ is probably, more or less like ready planning. But rewhat Michael Jackson ‘Keep Your Head Up’ ally. Nobody treated this would have been wanting is sentimental mush poor, desperate fucker to do in 2010. Amazing that makes up for its as it would have been to with any respect in the paucity of tune by pil- hear him toe-to-toe with later years of his life. Why would that vultures ing on more and more Kanye, Minaj and Rihanact any different now strings and gospel, and na, it was never going to he’s not even around to ‘Breaking News’ is ap- happen because he’s chohave a say? palling, Jackson at his sen Will.I.Am and Akon. most ‘poor me’ unfor- And most of these songs are up to his more latterThen you actualtunate over a mess of day standard. Just so, it’s ly hear the thing confused beats. a myth that he ever comand you’re met with pletely lost it: even ‘Invina bizarre rush of cible’ had ‘You Rock My World’ and reassurance in human decen‘Butterflies’ on it. cy. Oh, it isn’t really very And even Akon can’t completely ruin good, don’t be under illuthe single ‘Hold My Hand’, a tender sions of that. But compared mid-paced love song in the vein of ‘Re-

with the unnecessary, inauthentic and insulting mess it could have been, and judged against the level at which, say, Tupac Shakur and Freddie Mercury’s graves have been danced on, ‘Michael’ can actually be considered something of a win. The songs here are actually complete songs. Not discarded offcuts recklessly soldered together with a few guest raps to cover the joins, but full compositions sung all the way through by Actual Michael Jackson. And evidently, his voice had endured. Sure,

member The Time’, while ‘Best Of Joy’ and ‘(I Like) The Way You Love Me’ cover similar classy/boring mid-tempo R&B territory... ‘Monster’ revisits ‘Smooth Criminal’ territory only to be ruined by an inappropriate rap from 50 Cent.

H mag - 47

Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

Her paternal grandfather’s parents died in Auschwitz, and her Romanianborn great-grandmother was a spy for British Intelligence during World War II.

no Strings

ATTACHED

guy and girl try to keep their

but it’s not long before they learn that they want something more.

Natalie Portman

relationship strictly physical,

Portman was born in Jerusalem, Israel. Her father, Avner Hershlag, is an Israeli doctor specializing in fertility and reproduction (reproductive endocrinology). Her mother, Shelley Stevens, is an American homemaker who works as her agent.

Portman’s maternal ancestors were Jewish immigrants from Austria and Russia, and her paternal ancestors were Jews who moved to Israel from Poland and Romania.

Starring

Writer Allan Loeb

Director Ron Howard

Kevin James, Vince Vaughn, Winona Ryder, Jennifer Connelly,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

ortman’s parents met at a Jewish student center at Ohio State University, where her mother was selling tickets. They corresponded after her father returned to Israel, and were married when her mother visited a few years later. In 1984, when Portman was three years old, the family moved to the United States, where her father received his medical training. The family first lived in Washington, D.C., where Portman attended Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School, but relocated to Connecticut in 1988, and then settled in Long Island, New York, in

attended

1990. She Syosset High School in Syosset, Long Island. Portman has said that although she “really love the States... my heart’s in Jerusalem. That’s where I feel at home.” She is an only child and very close to her parents, who are often seen with her at her film premieres.

Schechter Day School of Glen Cove, New York. She graduated from the public Syosset High School in 1999. Portman skipped the premiere of Star Wars: Episode I so she could study for her high school final exams. On June 5, 2003, Portman graduated from Harvard University with a bachelor’s degree in psychology. “I don’t care if college ruins my career,” she reportedly said.

“I’d rather be smart than a movie star.” At Harvard, Portman was Alan Dershowitz’s research assistant in a psychology lab. While attending Harvard, she was a resident of Lowell House and wrote a letter to the Harvard Crimson in response to an anti-Israeli essay.

Although she says her family was not religious, Portman learned to speak both Hebrew and English and attended a Jewish elementary school, the Solomon

H mag - 51

MOVIE Portman took graduate courses at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in the spring of 2004. In March 2006, she appeared as a guest lecturer at a Columbia University course in terrorism and counterterrorism, where she spoke about her film V for Vendetta.

Portman has professed an interest in foreign languages since childhood and has studied French, Japanese, German, and Arabic. As a student, Portman co-authored two research papers that were published in professional scientific journals. Her 1998 high school paper, “A Simple Method To Demonstrate the Enzymatic Production of Hydrogen from Sugar,” was entered in the Intel Science Talent Search. In 2002, she contributed to a study on memory

52 - H mag

called “Frontal Lobe Activation During Object Permanence” during her psychology studies at Harvard. Due to her scientific publications, Portman is among a very small number of professional actors with a defined Erdős–Bacon number, a concept which reflects the “small world phenomenon” in academia and entertainment by measuring the “collaborative distance” between that person and Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős—and the number of links, through roles in films, by which the individual is separated from American actor Kevin Bacon. Portman started dancing lessons at age four and performed in local troupes. At the age of 10, a Revlon agent asked her to become a child model, but she turned down the offer to focus on acting. In a magazine interview, Portman said that she was “different from the other kids. I was more ambitious, I knew what I liked and what I wanted, and I worked very hard. I was a very serious kid.”

PORTRAITS Written by Emma Fueler

Nelson

A L E D N MA

I dream of the realization of the unity of Africa, whereby its leaders combine in their efforts to solve the problems of this continent. I dream of our vast deserts, of our forests, of all our great wildernesses.

elson Mandela belongs to a cadet branch of the Thembu dynasty, which reigns in the Transkeian Territories of South Africa’s Cape Province.

father Ngubengcuka (who died in 1832), ruled as the Inkosi Enkhulu, or king, of the Thembu people. One of the king’s sons, named Mandela, be-

He was born in Mvezo, a came Nelson’s grandfather and small village located in the source of his surname. Howbecause he was only the Inkothe district of Umtata, ever, si’s child by a wife of the Ixhiba clan the Transkei capital. (the so-called “Left-Hand House”), He has Khoisan ancestry on his mother’s side. His patrilineal great-grand

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the descendants of his branch of the royal family were not eligible to suc-

ceed to the Thembu throne. Mandela’s father,

Gad-

Henry Mphakanyiswa, served as chief of the town of Mvezo. However, upon alienating the colonial authorities, they deprived Mphakanyiswa of his position, and moved his family to Qunu. Despite this, Mphakanyiswa remained a member of the Inkosi’s Privy Council, and served an instrumental role in Jongintaba Dalindyebo’s ascension to the Thembu throne. Dalindyebo would later return the favour by informally adopting Mandela upon Mphakanyiswa’s death. Mandela’s father had four wives, with whom he fathered thirteen children (four boys and nine girls). Mandela was born to his third wife (‘third’ by a complex royal ranking system), Nosekeni Fanny.

Fanny was a daughter of Nkedama of the Mpemvu Xhosa clan, the dynastic Right

I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. Hand House, in whose umzi or

H mag - 55

PORTRAIT homestead Mandela spent much of his childhood. His given name Rolihlahla means “to pull a branch of a tree”, or more colloquially, “troublemaker”. Rolihlahla Mandela became the first member of his family to attend a school, where his teacher Miss Mdingane gave him the English name “Nelson”. When Mandela was nine, his father died of tuberculosis, and the regent, Jongintaba, became his guardian. Mandela attended a Wesleyan

mission

school located next to the palace of the regent. Following Thembu custom, he was initiated at age sixteen, and attended Clarkebury Boarding Institute. Mandela completed his Junior Certificate in two years, instead of the usual three. Designated to inherit his father’s position as a privy councillor, in 1937 Mandela moved to Healdtown, the Wesleyan college in Fort Beaufort which most Thembu royalty attended. At nineteen, he took an interest in boxing and running at the school. After enrolling, Mandela began to study for a Bachelor of Arts at the Fort Hare University, where he met Oliver Tambo. Tambo and Mandela became lifelong friends and colleagues.

56 - H mag

also

marriages for both of them. The young men, displeased by the arrangement, elected to relocate to Johannesburg.

tivists Joe Slovo, Harry Schwarz and Ruth First. Slovo would eventually become Mandela’s Minister of Housing,

Upon his arrival, Mandela initially found employment as a guard at a mine. However, the employer quickly terminated Mandela after learning that he was the Regent’s runaway ward.

while would become his Ambassador to Washington. During this time, Mandela lived in Alexandra township, north of Johannesburg.

Mandela later started work as an articled clerk at a Johannesburg law firm, Witkin, Sidelsky and Edelman, through connections with his friend

Mandela became close friends with his kinsman, Kaiser (“K.D.”) Matanzima who, as royal scion of the Thembu Right Hand House, was in line for the throne of Transkei, a role that would later lead him to embrace Bantustan policies. His support of these policies would place him and Mandela on opposing political sides. At the end of Nelson’s first year, he became involved in a Students’ Representative Council boycott against university policies, and was told to leave Fort Hare and not return unless he accepted election to the SRC. Later

while in prison Shortly after leaving Fort Hare, Jongintaba announced to Mandela and Justice (the regent’s son and heir to the throne) that he had arranged

Political Activity After the 1948 election victory of the Afrikaner-dominated National Party, which supported the apartheid policy of racial segregation, Mandela began actively participating in politics. He led prominently in the ANC’s 1952 Defiance Campaign and the 1955 Congress of the People, whose adoption of the Freedom Charter provided the fundamental basis of the anti-apartheid cause. During this time, Mandela and fel-

OliTambo

low lawyer

ver

in his life,

, Mandela studied for a Bachelor of Laws from the University of London External Programme.

Schwarz

and mentor, realtor Walter Sisulu. While working at Witkin, Sidelsky and

Edelman, Mandela

completed his B.A. degree at the University of South Africa via correspondence, after which he began law studies at the University of Witwatersrand, where he first befriended fellow students and future anti-apartheid political ac-

operated the law firm of Mandela and Tambo, providing free or low-cost legal counsel to many blacks who lacked attorney representation.

Mahatma Gandhi influenced Mandela’s approach, H mag - 57

PORTRAIT

Mandela and 150 others were arrested on 5 December 1956 and charged with treason. The marathon Treason sistance,

Trial of 1956–1961 followed, with all defendants receiving acquittals. From 1952–1959, a new class of black activists

and subsequently the methods of succeeding generations of South African anti-apartheid activists. (Mandela

later

took

part

the

January 2007 conference in New Delhi marking the 29–30

100th anniversary of Gandhi’s introduction of satyagraha (non-violent resistance) in South Africa). Initially committed to nonviolent re-

58 - H mag

small White, Coloured, and Indian political parties in an attempt to give the appearance of wider appeal than the Africanists. The Africanists

ridiculed the 1955 Freedom Charter Kliptown Conference for the concession of the 100,000-strong ANC to just a single vote in a Congressional alliance. Four secre-

taries-general of the five participating parties secretly belonged to the reconstituted South African Communist Party (SACP). In 2003 Blade Nzimande, the SACP General Secretary, revealed that Walter Sisulu, the ANC SecretaryGeneral, secretly joined the SACP in 1955 which meant all five Secretaries General were SACP and thus explains why Sisulu relegated the ANC from a dominant role to one of five equals.

In 1959, the ANC lost its most militant support when most of the Africanists, with financial support from

known as the Africanists disrupted ANC activities in the townships, demanding more drastic steps against the National Party regime. The ANC

under

leadership Albert Luthuli, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu felt not only that the Africanists were moving too fast but also that they challenged their leadership. The ANC leadership consequently bolstered their position through alliances with

Ghana and significant political support from the Transvaal-based Basotho, broke away to form the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) under the direction of Robert Sobukwe and Potlako Leballo. A n t i - a p a r t heid activities I

Mandela became leader of the ANC’s armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (translated Spear of the Nation, and also abbreviated MK), which he cofounded. He coordinated sabotage campaigns against military and government targets, making plans for a possible guerrilla war if the sabotage failed to end apartheid. Mandela also raised funds for MK abroad and arranged for paramilitary training of the group. Fellow ANC member Wolfie Kadesh explains the bombing campaign led by Mandela: “When we knew that we were going to start on 16 December 1961, to blast the symbolic places of apartheid, like pass offices, native magistrates courts, and things like that ... post offices and ... the government offices. But we were to do it in such a way that nobody would be hurt, nobody would get killed.” Mandela said of Wolfie: “His knowledge of warfare and his first hand battle experience were extremely helpful to me.”

Mandela described the move to

1961

H mag - 59

PORTRAIT ters in Manhattan — without a special waiver from the US Secretary of State, because of their South African apartheid regime era designation as terrorists.

n 5 August 1962 Man-

armed struggle as a last resort; years of increasing repression and violence from the state convinced him that many years of non-violent protest against apartheid had not and could not achieve any progress. Later, mostly in the 1980s, MK waged a guerrilla war against the apartheid regime in which many civilians became casualties. Mandela later admitted that the ANC, in its struggle against apartheid, also violated human rights, sharply criticising those in his own party who attempted to remove statements supporting this fact from the reports of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

Up until July 2008, Mandela and ANC party members were barred from entering the United States — except the United Nations headquar-

60 - H mag

11 June 1964, a verdict had been reached concerning his previous engagement in the African National Congress (ANC). While Mandela was imprisoned, police arrested prominent ANC leaders on 11 July 1963, at Liliesleaf Farm, Rivonia, north of Johannesburg. Mandela was brought in, and at the Rivo-

dela was arrested after living on the run for seventeen months, and was imprisoned in the Johannesburg Fort. The arrest was made possible because the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) tipped off the security police as to Mandela’s whereabouts and disguise. Three days later, the charges of leading workers to strike in 1961 and leaving the country illegally were read to him during a court appearance. On 25 October 1962, Mandela was sentenced to five years in prison.

Two years later on

(which Mandela admitted) and crimes which were equivalent to treason, but easier for the government to prove. The second charge accused the defendants of plotting a foreign invasion of South Africa, which Mandela denied. In his statement from the dock at the opening of the defence case in the trial on 20 April 1964 at Pretoria Supreme Court, Mandela laid out the reasoning in the ANC’s choice to use violence as a tactic. His statement described how the ANC had used peaceful means to resist apartheid for years until the

Sharpeville

Trial they were charged by the chief nia

prosecutor Dr. Percy Yutar with the capital crimes of sabotage

H mag - 61

PORTRAIT

Massacre

That event coupled with the referendum establishing the Republic of South Africa and the declaration of a state of emergency along with the banning of the ANC made it clear to Mandela and his compatriots that their only choice was to resist through acts of sabotage and that doing otherwise would have been tantamount to unconditional surrender. Mandela went on to explain how they developed the Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe on 16 December 1961 intent on exposing the failure of the National Party’s policies after the economy would be threatened by foreigners’ unwillingness to risk investing in the country. He closed his statement with these words: “During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to the struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”

Charges included involvement in planning armed action, in particular four charges of sabotage, which Mandela admitted to, If you talk to a man and a conin a language he under- spiracy to help other stands, that goes to his head. If you talk to c o u n t r i e s i n v a d e him in his language, that South Afgoes to his heart. rica, which M a n d e la denied.

Bram Fischer, Vernon Berrange, Harry Schwarz, Joel Joffe, Arthur Chaskalson and George Bizos were part of

62 - H mag

behalf of South African intelligence, who wanted Mandela to escape so they could shoot him during recapture. The plot was foiled by British Intelligence.

the defence team that represented the accused.Harold Hanson was brought in at the end of the case to plead mitigation. All except Rusty Bernstein were found guilty, but they escaped the gallows and were sentenced to life impris-

In March 1982 Mandela was transferred from Robben Island to Pollsmoor Prison, along with other senior ANC leaders Walter Si-

onment on 12 June 1964.

Nelson Mandela was imprisoned on Robben Island where he remained for the next eighteen of his twenty-seven years in prison. While in jail, his reputation grew and he became widely known as the most significant black leader in South Africa.

the island, he and others performed hard labour in a lime quarry. Prison conditions were very basic. Prisoners were segregated by race, with black prisoners receiving the fewest rations. Political prisoners were kept separate from ordinary

criminals and received fewer privileges. Mandela describes how, as a D-group prisoner (the lowest classification) he was allowed one visitor and one letter every six months. Letters, when they came, were often delayed for long periods and made unreadable by the prison censors. Whilst in prison Mandela undertook study with the University of London by correspondence through its External Programme and received the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He was subsequently nominated for the position of Chancellor of the University of London in the 1981 election, but lost to Princess Anne.

In his 1981 memoir Inside BOSS secret agent Gordon Winter describes his involvement in a plot to rescue Mandela from prison in 1969: this plot was infiltrated by Winter on

sulu, Andrew Mlangeni, Ahmed Kathrada and Raymond Mhlaba. It was speculated that this was to remove the influence of these senior leaders on the new generation of young black activists imprisoned on Robben Island, the so-called “Mandela University”. However, National Party minister Kobie Coetsee says that the move was to enable discreet contact between them and the South African government.

In February 1985

Presi-

dent

P.W. Botha offered Mandela his freedom on condition that he ‘unconditionally rejected violence

as a political weapon’. Coetsee and other ministers had advised Botha against this, saying that Mandela would never commit his organisation to giving up the armed struggle in exchange for personal freedom.

H mag - 63

What I've DONE K

irsten Dunst was born at Point Pleasant, New Jersey, to Inez (née Rupprecht) and Klaus Dunst. She has one younger brother. Her father worked as a medical services executive, and her mother was an artist and one-time gallery owner.Dunst is of German descent on her father’s side, and Swedish on her mother’s.

Until the age of six,

Dunst lived in New Jersey, where she attended Ranney School. In 1991, she moved with her mother and younger brother to Los Angeles, California. In 1995, her mother filed for divorce. The following year Dunst began attending Notre Dame, a private Catholic high school in Los Angeles. After graduating from Notre Dame, Dunst continued the acting career that she had begun at the age of eight. As a teenager, she found it dif-

66 - H mag

DUNST

Written by Emma Fueler

SPOTLIGHT

“I think vegetarians for a lot of them - it’s about a lack of commitment to life and relationships. There are some who just like the fact that they’re controlling something in their life.”

KIRSTEN

H mag - 67

SPOTLIGHT

ficult to deal with her rising fame, and for a period she blamed her mother for pushing her into acting as a child. However, she later expressed that her mother “always had the best intentions”. When asked if she had any regrets about the way she spent her childhood, Dunst said: “Well,

it’s not a natural way to grow up, but it’s the way I grew up and I wouldn’t change it. I have my stuff to work out ... I don’t think anybody can sit around and say: ‘My life is more screwed up than yours.’ Everybody has their issues.”

“I don’t try to be sexy, but if you are sexy it comes out. If you’re not, you’re not.”

Dunst began her career when she was three years old as a child fashion model in television commercials. She was

Ford

Models

signed with and Elite Model Management. At the age of eight years old she made her film debut in a minor role in Woody Allen’s Oedipus Wrecks, a short film that was released as one-third of the anthology New York Stories (1989).

Soon after, she landed a small part in The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990), as Tom Hanks’s daughter. In 1993, Dunst played Hedril in “Dark Page”, the seventh episode of the seventh season of Star Trek: The Next Generation.

68 - H mag

H mag - 69

SPOTLIGHT

breakthrough role in Dunst’s career came in The

Interview with the Vampire, a 1994 film based on Anne Rice’s novel, in which she played the child vampire Claudia, a surrogate daughter to Tom Cruise and Brad Pitt’s characters in the film. The film received ambivalent reviews,but many film critics complimented Dunst’s performance. Roger Ebert commented that Dunst’s creation of the child vampire Claudia was one of the “creepier” aspects of the film, and mentioned her ability to convey the impression of great age inside apparent youth.

odd McCarthy in Variety noted that Dunst was “just right” for the family. The film featured a scene in which Dunst received her first kiss from Brad Pitt, who was 18 years her senior. In an interview with Interview magazine, she revealed, while questioned about her kissing scene with Pitt, that kissing him had made her feel uncomfort-

Peter Colt (Paul Bettany) is a journeyman English professional tennis player ranked 119th in the world. He earns a wildcard spot to the Wimbledon tournament. Tired of it all, he resolves to quit after this last tournament, and even gets a job to coach tennis at a country club. However, as Wimbledon begins, Peter meets and falls in love with Lizzie Bradbury (Kirsten Dunst), a young, brilliant, American tennis pro. As their love grows, Peter’s game becomes better and better and he wins his semi-final match in straight sets—whilst Lizzie loses hers, having lost her focus after a night together with Peter.

“I thought it was gross, able:

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that Brad had cooties. I mean, I was 10.”

Her performance earned her the MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance, the Saturn Award for Best Young Actress, and her first Golden Globe Award nomination. A blond woman signs autographs. She is wearing a navy top with gold detail. Later in 1994, Dunst appeared in the adaptation of the drama Little Women opposite Winona Ryder and Claire Danes. The film received favorable reviews: critic Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that the film was the greatest adaptation of the novel and remarked on Dunst’s performance, “The perfect contrast to takecharge Jo comes from Kirsten Dunst’s scenestealing Amy, whose vanity and twinkling mischief make so much more sense coming from an 11-year-old vixen than they did from grown-up Joan Bennett in 1933. Ms Dunst, also scarily effective as the baby bloodsucker of Interview With the Vampire, is a little vamp with a big future.”

{

SPOTLIGHT

So many teen films are overproduced and people are going to burnout on the subject.

In 1995, she appeared in the fantasy movie Jumanji, loosely based on Chris Van Allsburg’s 1981 book of the same name.

The story is about a supernatural and ominous board game which makes animals and other jungle hazards appear upon each roll of the dice. She was part

of an ensemble cast that included Robin Williams, Bonnie Hunt, and David Alan Grier. The movie grossed $100 million worldwide. That year, and again in 2002, she was named one of People magazine’s 50 Most Beautiful People.

1996

In , Dunst had a recurring role in the third season of NBC’s medical drama ER. She por-

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SPOTLIGHT trayed a child prostitute, Charlie Chiemingo, taken under the guidance of Dr. Doug Ross, played by George Clooney. In 1997, she was the voice of Young Anastasia in the animated musical film Anastasia. Also in 1997, Dunst appeared in the political satire Wag the Dog, opposite Robert De Niro and Dustin Hoffman. The following year she was the voice of the title character, Kiki, a 13-year-old apprentice witch who leaves her home village to spend a year on her own, in the anime movie Kiki’s Delivery Service (1998).

co International Film Festival in 2000.

The movie received generally favorable reviews, and San Francisco Chronicle critic Peter Stack noted in his review that Dunst “beautifully balances innocence and wantonness”. In 2000, she played Torrance Shipman, the captain of a cheerleading squad in Bring It On. The film generated mostly critical reviews, with Charles Taylor of Salon.com writing that the film had failed to provide Dunst with as good a role as she had either in Dick or in The Virgin Suicides.

Dunst was offered the role of Angela in the 1999 drama film American Beauty, but turned it down because she did not want to appear in the film’s sug- However, Jessica Winter gestive sexual scenes or of The Village Voice complimented stating that her performance kiss co-star Kevin Spac- Dunst, was “as sprightly and knowingly daft as ey. She later explained: her turn in Dick. She provides the only “When I read it, I was 15 major element of Bring It On that plays tweaking parody rather than slick, and I don’t think I was as strident, body-slam churlishness.” The mature enough to under- movie grossed $68 million worldwide. stand the script’s material.” That same year, she ap- The following year, Dunst peared in the comedy Dick, alongside Michelle Williams. The film is a parody retelling the events of the Watergate scandal which lead to the resignation of U.S. president Richard Nixon. In Sofia Coppola’s independent film The Virgin Suicides (1999), Dunst played the role of troubled adolescent Lux Lisbon. The film was screened as a special presentation at the 43rd San Francis-

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had the lead in the teen comedy Get Over It (2001). She later explained that one of the reasons for accepting the role was that it gave her the opportunity to sing. Also in 2001, she depicted the late American actress Marion Davies in The Cat’s Meow, directed by Peter Bogdanovich. Derek Elley of Variety described the film as “playful and sporty”, saying that this was Dunst’s

best performance to date: “Believable as both a spoiled ingenue and a lover to two very different men, Dunst endows a potentially lightweight character with considerable depth and sympathy.” In the Esquire review, Tom Carson called her performance “terrific”. For her work, she won the Best Actress Silver Ombú category award at the 2002 Mar del Plata Film Festival.

gis of the Los Angeles Times describing it as “smug and reductive”. She next appeared in the supporting role of Mary Svevo in Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), alongside Jim Carrey, Kate Winslet, and Tom Wilkinson. The latter film received very positive reviews, with Entertainment Weekly describing Dunst’s subplot as “nifty and clever”. The movie grossed $72 million worldwide.

The success of the first Spidern the 2002 superhero film Spider- Man film led Dunst to reprise the role

Man, the most successful film of her career to date, Dunst played Mary Jane Watson, the best friend and love interest of the title character, played by Tobey Maguire. The film was directed by Sam Raimi. Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly remarked on Dunst’s ability to “lend even the smallest line a tickle of flirtatious music.” In the Los Angeles Times review, critic Kenneth Turan noted that Dunst and Maguire made a real connection on screen, concluding that their relationship involved audiences to an extent rarely seen in films. Spider-Man was a commercial and critical success. The movie grossed $114 million during its opening weekend in North America and went on to earn $822 million worldwide.

in the 2004 sequel, Spider-Man 2. The movie was well received by critics, and it proved to be a big financial success, setting a new opening weekend box office record for North America. With revenue of $783 million worldwide, it became the second highest grossing film in 2004. Also in 2004, she appeared in the romantic comedy Wimbledon, a film in which she portrays a rising tennis player in the Wimbledon Championships opposite Paul Bettany, who plays a fading former tennis star. Reception for the movie was mixed, but many critics enjoyed Dunst’s performance; Claudia Puig of USA Today reported that the chemistry between Dunst and Bettany was potent, with Dunst doing a fine job as a sassy and self-assured player.

Following the success of Spider-Man, Dunst appeared in the in- In 2005, she appeared as dependent drama Levity (2003), where flight attendant Claire she had a supporting role. In this year she starred in Mona Lisa Smile (2003), Colburn alongside Orlando part of an ensemble cast that included Bloom, in Elizabethtown, Julia Roberts, Maggie Gyllenhaal, and a movie written and diJulia Stiles. The film generated mostly negative reviews, with Manohla Dar- rected by Cameron Crowe. H mag - 75

SPOTLIGHT The film premiered at the 2005 Toronto Film Festival. Dunst revealed that working with Crowe was enjoyable, but more demanding than she had expected. The movie garnered mixed reviews, with the Chicago Tribune rating it one out of four stars and describing Dunst’s portrayal of a flight attendant as “cloying”. It was a box office disappointment. Dunst’s next film role was the title character in the 2006 biographical film Marie Antoinette. Adapted from Antonia Fraser’s book Marie Antoinette: The Journey, the film was Dunst’s second with director Sofia Coppola. The movie was screened at a special presentation at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival, and was reviewed favourably. International revenues were $45 million out of $60 million overall. Dunst with Brian Geraghty at the 2010 premiere of Bastard. In 2007 she again played Mary Jane Watson, in Spider-Man 3. In contrast to the previous two films’ positive reviews, SpiderMan 3 was met with a mixed reception by critics. Nonetheless, with a total worldwide gross of $891 million, it stands as the most commercially successful film in the series and Dunst’s highest grossing film to the end of 2008. Having initially signed on for three SpiderMan films, she revealed that she would do a fourth, but only if Raimi and Maguire also returned.

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“Whenever I have to smoke for a character, I make sure they’re fake cigarettes. It’s a terrible habit, and I can’t believe kids still want to do it.”

Fourteenyear-old Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna (Kirsten Dunst) is the beautiful, charming, but naïve, youngest daughter of Austrian empress Maria Theresa (Marianne Faithfull). She is selected by her mother to marry her second cousin, the Dauphin of France, Louis XVI (Jason Schwartzman), thereby sealing an alliance between the two rival countries. Marie Antoinette travels to France, relinquishing all connection with her home country, and meets Louis XV (Rip Torn) and her future husband the Dauphin. The two are married shortly thereafter. Toasts are drunk to their happy marriage and they are encouraged to produce an heir as soon as possible, but the next day it is reported that ‘nothing happened’ on their wedding.

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

Barney's Version

Paul Giamatti

iamatti was born in New Haven, Connecticut. His father, Angelo Bartlett Giamatti, was a Yale University professor who later became president of the university and commissioner of Major League Baseball. His mother, Toni Marilyn (née Smith), was a homemaker and English teacher who taught at Hopkins School and had also previously acted. Giamatti’s mother was of Irish descent; his paternal grandfather, Valentine Giamatti, was the son of Italian immigrants from Telese, and his paternal grandmother, Mary Claybaugh Walton, was from a New England family.

ased on Mordecai Richler’s prize-winning comic novel, Barney’s Version is the warm, wise, and witty story of Barney Panofsky (Paul Giamatti), a seemingly ordinary man who lives an extraordinary life.

Barney’s candid confessional spans four decades and two continents, and includes three wives (Rosamund Pike, Minnie Driver, and Rachelle Lefevre), one outrageous father (Dustin Hoffman), and a charmingly dissolute best friend (Scott Speedman). Barney’s Version takes us through the many highs – and a few too many lows – of a long and colorful life with an unlikely hero at its center – the unforgettable Barney Panofsky.

Giamatti is the youngest of three children. His brother, Marcus, is also an actor, and his sister, Elena, is a jew-

Starring

Writer Mordecai Richler

Director Richard J. Lewis

Paul Giamatti, Rosamund Pike, Jake Hoffman, Minnie Driver,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

elry designer. He was educated at The Foote School and graduated from Choate Rosemary Hall in 1985. He attended Yale University, where he was elected to and then dropped out of the Skull and Bones secret society.

He was active in the undergraduate theater scene, working alongside actors Ron Livingston and Edward Norton, who were also Yale students. He graduated from Yale in 1989 with a bachelor’s degree in English. He went on to earn a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Yale School of Drama where he studied with Earle R. Gister. He performed in numerous theatrical productions (including Broadway) before appearing in

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MOVIE some small television and film roles in the early 1990s. Giamatti’s first high profile role was in the film adaptation of Howard Stern’s Private Parts as Kenny “Pig Vomit” Rushton, Stern’s antagonistic program director at WNBC. Stern praised Giamatti’s performance often on his radio program, calling for him to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He appeared in a number of supporting roles in big-budget movies such as The Truman Show, Saving Private Ryan, and The Negotiator (all 1998).

1999

In , he played Bob Zmuda (and Tony Clifton) in the Andy Kaufman biopic, Man on the Moon. Giamatti continued to be featured in major studio releases such as Big Momma’s House (2000) with Martin Lawrence, the Planet of the Apes remake (2001), and in Big Fat Liar (2002) opposite Frankie Muniz and Amanda Bynes.

Giamatti began to earn critical acclaim after his lead role in the 2003 film American Splendor. He gained mainstream recognition and fame with the 2004 independent romantic comedy Sideways. His portrayal of a depressed writer vacationing in the

Santa Barbara wine country garnered him a Golden Globe nomination and an Independent Spirit Award. Following the commercial success of Sideways, Giamatti appeared in Cinderella Man, for which he earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He was also nominated for a Golden Globe and won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture. In 2006, he was the lead in M. Night Shyamalan’s Lady in the Water, a supernatural thriller, followed by the animated film The Ant Bully, and Neil Burger’s drama The Illusionist costarring Edward Norton.

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

REPORTAGE

History of the

FILMS

lays and dances had elements common to films- scripts, sets, lighting, costumes, production, direction, actors, audiences, storyboards, and scores. They preceded film by thousands of years. Much terminology later used in film theory and criticism applied, such as mise en scène. Moving visual images and sounds were not recorded for replaying as in film. Anthemius of Tralles used an early type of camera obscura in the 6th century.The camera obscura was further described by Alhazen in his Book of Optics (1021), and was later perfected near the year 1600 by Giambattista della Porta. Light is inverted through

small hole

a or lens from outside, and projected onto a surface or screen, creating a projected moving image, indistinguishable from a projected high quality film to an audience, but it is not preserved in a recording.

In 1739 and 1748,

David Hume published Treatise of

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g n i n n i g e b e th

Human Nature and An Enquiry con cerning Human Understanding, arguing for the associations and causes of ideas with visual images, in some sense forerunners to the language of film. Moving images were produced on revolving drums and disks in the 1830s with independent invention by Simon von Stampfer (Stroboscope) in Austria, Joseph Plateau (Phenakistoscope) in Belgium and William Horner (zoetrope) in Britain.

In 1877, under the sponsorship

of Leland Stanford, Eadweard Muybridge successfully photographed a horse named “Sallie Gardner” in fast motion using a series of 24 stereoscopic cameras. The experiment took place on June 11 at the Palo Alto farm in California with the press present. The purpose of the exercise was to determine whether a running horse ever had all four legs lifted off the ground at once.

The cameras

were arranged along a track parallel to the horse’s, and each of the camera shutters was controlled by a trip wire which was

triggered by the horse’s hooves. They were 21 inches apart to cover the 20 feet taken by the horse stride, taking pictures at one thousandth of a second.

The second experimental film, Roundhay Garden Scene, filmed by Louis Le Prince on October 14, 1888 in Roundhay, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, UK is now known as the earliest surviving motion picture. On June 21, 1889, William FrieseGreene was issued patent no. 10131 for his ‘chronophotographic’ camera. It was apparently capable of taking up to ten photographs per second using perforated celluloid film. A report on the camera was published in the British Photographic News on February 28, 1890. On 18 March, FrieseGreene sent a clipping of the story to Thomas Edison, whose laboratory had been developing a motion picture system known as the Kinetoscope.

The report was reprint-

ed in Scientific American on April 19. Friese-Greene gave a public demonstration in 1890 but the low frame rate combined with the device’s apparent unreliability failed to make an impression. As a result of the work of

Etienne-

Jules Marey and Eadweard

Muybridge, many researchers in the late 19th century realized that films as they are known today were a practical possibility, but the first to design a fully successful apparatus was W. K. L. Dickson, working under the direction of Thomas Alva Edison. His fully developed camera, called the Kinetograph, was patented in 1891 and took a series of instantaneous photographs on standard Eastman Kodak photographic emulsion coated on to a transparent celluloid strip 35 mm wide. The results of this work were first shown in public in 1893, using the viewing apparatus also designed by Dickson, and

Kinetoscope

called the . This was contained within a large box, and only permitted the images to be viewed by one person at a time looking into it through a peephole, after starting the machine by inserting a coin. It was not a commercial success in this form, and left the way free for Charles Francis Jenkins and his projector, the Phantoscope, with the first showing

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REPORTAGE he left the Edison company.

At the Chicago 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, Muybridge gave a series of lectures on the Science of Animal Locomotion in the Zoopraxographical Hall, built specially for that purpose in the “Midway Plaisance” arm of the exposition. He used his zoopraxiscope to show his moving pictures to a paying public, making the before an audience in June 1894. The Hall the very first Lumière brothers, Louis and Auguste, commercial movie theater. perfected their apparatus, the Cinématographe, a projector, as well as being the apparatus that took and printed the film beforehand. They gave their first show of projected pictures to an audience in Paris in December 1895.

After this date,

the Edison company developed its own form of projector, as did various other inventors. Some of these used different film widths and projection speeds, but after a few years the 35-mm wide Edison film, and the 16-frames-per-second projection speed of the Lumière Cinématographe became standard. The other important American competitor was the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company, which used a new camera designed by Dickson after

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William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, chief engineer with the Edison Laboratories, is credited with the invention of a practicable form of a celluloid strip containing a sequence of images, the basis of a method of photographing and projecting moving images. Celluloid blocks were thinly sliced, then removed with heated pressure plates. After this, they were coated with a photosensitive gelatin emulsion.

1893

In at the Chicago World’s Fair, Thomas Edison introduced to the public two pioneering inventions based on this innovation; the Kineto-

graph - the first practical moving picture camera - and the Kinetoscope. The latter was a cabinet in which a continuous loop of Dickson’s celluloid film (powered by an electric motor) was back lit by an incandescent lamp and seen through a magnifying lens. The spectator viewed the image through an eye piece. Kinetoscope parlours were supplied with fifty-foot film snippets photographed by Dickson, in Edison’s “Black Maria” studio (pronounced like “ma-RYE-ah”). These sequences recorded mundane events (such as Fred Ott’s Sneeze, 1894) as well as entertainment acts like acrobats, music hall performers and boxing demonstrations. Kinetoscope parlors soon spread successfully to Europe. Edison, however, never attempted to patent these instruments on the other side of the Atlantic, since they relied so greatly on previous experiments and innovations from Britain and Europe. This enabled the development of imitations, such as the

camera devised by British electrician and scientific instrument maker Robert W. Paul and his partner Birt Acres.

Charles Francis Jenkins had the idea of displaying moving pictures for group audiences, rather than just to individual viewers, and invented the first patented film projector, the Phantoscope, giving the earliest documented projection of a motion picture, in 1894.

Paul did it in 1895. At about the same time, in Lyon, France, Auguste and Louis Lumière invented the cinematograph, a portable, three-in-one device: camera, printer, and projector. In late 1895

in Paris, father Antoine Lumière began exhibitions of projected films b e f o r e the paying public, beginning the general conversion of the medium to projection ( C o o k , 1 9 9 0 ) .

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REPORTAGE They quickly became Europe’s main producers with their actualités like Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory and comic vignettes like The Sprinkler Sprinkled (both 1895). Even Edison, initially dismissive of projection, joined the trend with the Vitascope, a modified Jenkins’ Phantoscope, within less than six months. The first public motion-picture film presentation in Europe, though, belongs to Max and Emil Skladanowsky of Berlin, who projected with their apparatus “Bioscop”, a flickerfree duplex construction, November 1 through 31, 1895.

alistically moving photographs was enough for a motion picture industry to mushroom before the end of the century, in countries around the world. In the silent era of film, marrying the image with synchronous sound was not possible for inventors and producers, since no practical method was devised until 1923. Thus, for the first thirty years of their history, movies were silent, although accompanied by live musicians and sometimes sound effects and even commentary spoken by the showman or projectionist.

I l l u s t r a t e d That same year in May, in the USA, Eugene Augustin Lauste de- songs were a notable excepvised his Eidoloscope for the Latham family. But the first public screening of film ever is due to Jean Aimé “Acme” Le Roy, a French photographer. On February 5, 1894, his 40th birthday, he presented his “Marvellous Cinematograph” to a group of around twenty show business men in New York City. The movies of the time were seen most-

storefront spaces and traveling exhibitors or as acts ly via temporary

in vaudeville programs. A film could be under a minute long and would usually present a single scene, authentic or staged, of everyday life, a public event, a sporting event or slapstick. There was little to no cinematic technique: no editing and usually no camera movement, and flat, stagey compositions. But the novelty of re-

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tion to this trend that began in 1894 in vaudeville houses and persisted as late as the late 1930s in movie theaters. In this early precursor to the music video, live performance or sound recordings were paired with hand-colored glass slides projected through stereopticons and similar devices. In this way, song narrative was illustrated through a series of slides whose changes were simultaneous with the narrative development. The main purpose of

illustrated songs

was to encourage sheet music sales, and they were highly successful with sales reaching into the millions for a single song. Later, with the birth of film, illustrated songs were used as filler material preceding films and during reel changes.

In most

countries the need for spoken accompaniment quickly faded, with dialogue and narra-

tion presented in intertitles, but in Japanese cinema it remained popular throughout the silent era. The first eleven years of motion pictures show the cinema moving from a novelty to an established large-scale entertainment industry. The films themselves represent a movement from films consisting of one shot, completely made by one person with a few assistants, towards films several minutes long consisting of several shots, which were made by large companies in something like industrial conditions.

The first commercial exhibition of film took place on April 14, 1894 at the first Kinetoscope parlor ever built. However, it was clear that Edison originally intended to create a sound film system, which would not gain worldwide recognition until the release of The Jazz Singer in 1927.

In 1896

it became clear that more money was to be made by showing motion picture films with a projector to a large audience than exhibiting them in Edison’s Kinetoscope peep-show machines. The Edison company took up a projector developed by Armat and Jenkins, the “Phantoscope”, which was renamed the Vitascope, and it joined various projecting machines made by other people to show the 480 mm. width films being made by the Edison com-

pany and others in France and the UK. However, the most successful motion picture company in the United States, with the largest production until 1900, was the American Mutoscope company. This was initially set up to exploit peep-show type movies using designs made by W.K.L. Dickson after he left the Edison company in 1895. His equipment used 70 mm. wide film, and each frame was printed separately onto paper sheets for insertion into their viewing machine, called the Mutoscope. The image sheets stood out from the periphery of a rotating drum, and flipped into view in succession. Besides the

Muto-

scope

, they also made a projector called the Biograph, which could project a continuous positive film print made from the same negatives.

There were numerous other smaller producers in the United States, and some of them established a long-term presence in the new century. American Vitagraph, one of these minor producers, built studios in Brooklyn, and expanded its operations in 1905. From 1896 there was continuous litigation in the United States over the patents covering the basic mechanisms that made motion pictures possible.

In France, the Lumière company sent cameramen all round the world from 1896 onwards to shoot films, which were exhib-

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REPORTAGE ited locally by the cameramen, and then sent back to the company factory in Lyon to make prints for sale to whoever wanted them.

There were

nearly a thousand of these films made up to 1901, nearly all of them actualities.

By 1898 Georges M. was the largest producer of fiction films in France, and from this point onwards his output was almost entirely films featuring trick effects, which were very successful in all markets. The special popularity of his longer films, which were several minutes long from 1899 onwards (while most other films were still only a minute long), led other makers to start producing longer films. From 1900 Charles Pathé began film production under the Pathé-Frères

brand, with Ferdinand Zecca hired to actually make the films. By 1905, Pathé was the largest film company in the world, a position it retained until World War I. Léon Gaumont began film production in 1896, with his production supervised by Alice Guy.

In the UK, Robert W. Paul,

James Williamson and G.A. Smith and the other lesser producers were joined by Cecil Hepworth in 1899, and in a few years he was turning out 100 films a year, with his company becoming the largest on the British scene.

Initially films were mostly shown as a novelty in special venues, but the main methods of exhibition quickly became either as an item on the programmes of variety theatres, or by traveling showman in tent theatres, which they took around the fairs in country towns. It became the practice for the pro-

ducing companies to sell prints outright to the exhibitors, at so much per foot, regardless of the subject. Typical prices initially were 15 cents a foot in the United States, and one shilling a foot in Britain. Hand-coloured films, which were being produced of the most popular subjects before 1900, cost 2 to 3 times as much per foot.

There were a few producers, such as the American Mutoscope

and Biograph Company, which did not sell their films, but exploited them solely with their own exhibition units. The first successful permanent theatre showing nothing but films was “The Nickelodeon”, which was opened in Pittsburgh in 1905. By this date there were finally enough films several minutes long available to fill a programme running for at least half an hour, and which could be changed weekly when the local audience became bored with it. Other exhibitors in the United States quickly followed suit, and within a couple of years there were thousands of these nickelodeons in

The American situation led to a worldwide boom in the production and exoperation.

hibition of films from 1906 onwards.

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The first movie cameras were fastened directly to the head of their tripod or other support, with only the crudest kind of levelling devices provided, in the manner of the still-camera

tripod heads of the period.

The earliest movie cameras were thus effectively fixed during the course of the shot, and hence the first camera movements were the result of mounting a camera on a moving vehicle. The first known of these was a film shot by a Lumière cameraman from the back platform of a train leaving Jerusalem in 1896, and by 1898 there were a number of films shot from moving trains. Although listed under the general heading of “panoramas” in the sales catalogues of the time, those films shot straight forward from in front of a railway engine were usually specifically referred to as “phantom rides”.

In 1897,

had the first

Robert W. Paul

real rotating camera head made to put on a tripod, so that he could follow the passing processions of Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee in one uninterrupted shot. This device had the camera mounted on a vertical axis that could be rotated by a worm gear driven by turning a crank handle, and Paul put it on general sale the next year. Shots taken using such a “panning” head were also referred to as ‘panoramas’ in the film catalogues of the first decade of the cinema. The standard pattern for early film studios was provided by the studio which Georges Méliès had built in May 1891. This had a glass roof and three glass walls constructed after the model of large studios for still photography, and it was fitted with thin cotton cloths that could be stretched below the roof to diffuse the direct ray of the sun on sunny days. The soft overall light without real shadows that this arrange-

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REPORTAGE

ment produced, and which also exists naturally on lightly overcast days, was to become the basis for film lighting in film studios for the next decade.

Unique

among all the one minute long films made by the Edison company, which recorded parts of the acts of variety performers for their Kinetoscope viewing machines, was The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. This showed a person dressed as the queen placing her head on the execution block in front of a small group of bystanders in Elizabethan dress. The executioner brings his axe down, and the queen’s severed head drops onto the ground. This trick was worked by stopping the camera and replacing the actor with a dummy, then restarting the camera before the axe falls. The two pieces of film were then trimmed and cemented together so that the action appeared continuous when the film was shown. This film was among those exported to Europe with the first Kinetoscope machines in 1895, and was seen by Georges Méliès, who was putting on magic shows in his Theatre Robert-Houdin in Paris at the time.

He took up film-making in 1896,

and after making imitations of other films from Edison, Lumière, and Robert Paul, he made Escamotage d’un dame chez Robert-Houdin (The Vanishing Lady). This film shows a woman being made to vanish by using the same stop motion technique as the earlier Edison film. After this, Georges Mé-

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liès made many single shot films using this trick over the next couple of years. The other basic set of techniques for trick cinematography involves double exposure of the film in the camera, which was first done by G.A. Smith in July 1898 in the UK. His The Corsican Brothers was described in the catalogue of the Warwick Trading Company, which took up the distribution of Smith’s films in 1900, thus: “One of the twin brothers returns home from shooting in the Corsican mountains, and is visited by the ghost of the other twin. By extremely careful photography the ghost appears *quite transparent*. After indicating that he has been killed by a sword-thrust, and appealing for vengeance, he disappears. A ‘vision’ then appears showing

Real film continuity, which means showing action moving from one shot into another joined to it, can be dated to Robert W. Paul’s Come Along, Do!, made in 1898. In the first shot of this film, an old couple outside an art exhibition follow other people inside through the door. The second shot showed what they do inside.

sican’s amazement,

the fatal duel in the snow. To the Cor-

the duel and death of his brother are vividly depicted in the vision, and finally, overcome by his feelings, he falls to the floor just as his mother enters the room.”

The ghost effect was simply done by draping the set in black velvet after the main action had been shot, and then re-exposing the negative with the actor playing the ghost going through the actions at the appropriate point. Likewise, the vision, which appeared within a circular vignette or matte, was similarly superimposed over a black area in the backdrop to

he further development of action continuity in multi-shot films continued in 1899. In the latter part of that year, George Albert Smith, working in Brighton, made The Kiss in the Tunnel. This started with a shot from a “phantom ride” at the point at which the train goes into a tunnel, and continued with the action on a set representing the interior of a railway carriage, where a man steals a kiss from a woman, and then cuts back to the phantom ride shot when the train comes out of the tunnel.

A month later, the Bamforth company in Yorkshire made a restaged version of this film under the same title, and in this case they filmed

shots of a train entering and leaving a tunnel from beside the tracks, which they joined before and after their version of the kiss inside the train compartment.

In 1900, continuity of action across successive shots was definitively established by George Albert Smith and James Williamson, who also worked in Brighton. In that year Smith made Seen Through the Telescope, in which the main shot shows street scene with a young man tying the shoelace and then caressing the foot of his girlfriend, while an old man observes this through a telescope. There is then a cut to close shot of the hands on the girl’s foot shown inside a black circular mask, and then a cut back to the continuation of the original scene.

Even more remarkable is James Williamson’s Attack on a China Mission Station, made around the same time in 1900. The first shot shows the gate to the mission station from the outside being attacked and broken open by Chinese Boxer rebels,

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REPORTAGE then there is a cut to the garden of the mission station where the missionary and his family are seated. The Boxers rush in and after exchanging fire with the missionary, kill him, and pursue his family into the house. His wife appears on the balcony waving for help, which immediately comes with an armed party of British sailors appearing through the gate to the mission station, this time seen from the inside. They fire at the Boxers, and advance out of the frame into the next shot, which is taken from the opposite direction looking towards the house. This constitutes the first “reverse angle” cut in film history. The scene continues with the sailors rescuing the remaining members of the missionary’s family. G.A. Smith further developed the ideas of breaking a scene shot in one place into a series of shots taken from different camera positions over the next couple of years, starting with The Little Doctors of 1901. In this film a little girl is administering pretend medicine to a kitten, and Smith cuts in to a big Close Up of the kitten as she does so, and then cuts back to the main shot. In this case the inserted close up is not shown as a Point of View shot in a circular mask. He summed up his work in Mary Jane’s Mishap of 1903, with repeated cuts in to a close shot of a housemaid fooling around, along with superimpositions and other devices, before abandoning film-making to invent the Kinemacolor system of colour cinematography.

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James liamson

Wil-

concentrated on making films taking action from one place shown in one shot to the next shown in another shot in films like Stop Thief! and Fire!, made in 1901, and many others. Other film-makers then took up all these ideas, which form the basis of film construction, or “film language”, or “film grammar”, as we know it. The best known of these film-makers was Edwin S. Porter, who started making films for the Edison Company in 1901. When he began making longer films in 1902, he put a dissolve between every shot, just as Georges Méliès was already doing, and he frequently had the same action repeated across the dissolves. In other words, Edwin Porter did not develop the basics of film construction. The Pathé company in France also made imitations and variations of Smith and Williamson’s films from 1902 onwards using cuts between the shots, which helped to standardize the basics of film construction.

In 1903 there was a substan-

tial increase in the number of film several minutes long, as a result of the great popularity of Georges Méliès’ le Voyage dans la lune (A Trip to the Moon), which came out in early 1902, though such films were still a very minor part of production. Most of them were what came to be called “chase films”. These were inspired by James Williamson’s Stop Thief! of 1901, which showed a tramp stealing a leg of mutton from a butcher’s boy in the

first shot, then being chased through the second shot by the butcher’s boy and assorted dogs, and finally being caught by the dogs in the third shot. Several British films made in the first half of 1903 extended the chase method of film construction. These included An Elopement à la Mode and The Pickpocket: A Chase Through London, made by Alf Collins for the British branch of the French Gaumont company, Daring Daylight Burglary, made by the Sheffield Photographic Company, and Desperate Poaching Affray, made by the Haggar family, whose main business was exhibiting films made by others in their traveling tent theatre.

All of these films, and indeed others of like nature were shown in the United States, and some them were certainly seen by Edwin Porter, before he made In there were about The Great Train Robbery to- 4,000 small “nickelodeon” cinemas wards the end of the year. in the United States. The films were

1907

The time continuity in The Great Train Robbery is actually more confusing than that in the films it was modeled on, but nevertheless it was a greater success than them worldwide, because of its Wild West violence.

From 1900, the Pathé company films also frequently copied and varied the ideas of the British film-makers, without making any major innovations in narrative film construction, but eventually the sheer volume of their production led to their film-makers giving a further precision and polish to the details of film continuity.

shown with the accompaniment of music provided by a pianist, though there could be more musicians. There were also a very few larger cinemas in some of the biggest cities. Initially, the majority of films in the programmes were Pathé films, but this changed fairly quickly as the American companies cranked up production. The programme was made up of just a few films, and the show lasted around 30 minutes. The reel of film, of

maximum length 1,000 feet (300 m), which usually contained one individual film,

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

TECHS

Hard Drives

External

he size of computers today is amazing. I remember when I bought my first machine several years back, the hard drive was a measly 80 Megabytes. Today they are astronomical compared to those old dinosaurs. The speed, size, and computing power just seems to get better year after year.

however

Today, , finding the right back up system for your machine can be particularly troublesome, especially if you aren’t familiar with the specific terminology. It’s important to know exactly what you want, and exactly what you want it to do before you go shopping.

The first question is how big is your hard drive, and how many computers you will be using this for. If you have only one hard drive that is 100 GB or so, then your needs are minimum, and you could likely get away with a 500 GB back up system.

However, if you have multiple computers, you may need some more horsepower. Will you be using your hard drive for data files, music files, photo files, or video files? Western Digital My Passport Essential SE 1 TB USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 Ultra Portable External Hard Drive WDBACX0010BBK-NESN (Midnight Black) Buy new: $169.99 $129.99

One shudders when one thinks of how they’ll be in ten years or so. Of course, so has external storage media. Ten years ago, the external hard drive market was very small, with only a few players.

common problems.

Western Digital WD Elements 2 TB USB 2.0 Desktop External Hard Drive WDBAAU0020HBK-NESN 30 new from $99.00

way too much for what you need, or on the other hand, you won’t end up buying something that just doesn’t have enough juice. When you figure out exThat way you won’t end up actly what you need, you buying something that’s won’t be stuck with these 98 - H mag

30 new from $129.00

LaCie Hard Disk 1TB USB 2.0 External Hard Drive designed by Neil Poulton 301304U Buy new: $94.99 $69.99 28 new from $69.98

These take up a varying amount of space, and can impact the bottom line cost you’ll be paying for your backup system. An additional consideration to make is how often you’ll be backing up your system. If you are planning on backing it up every day, then that’s one thing. If you are only planning on backing it up once a week, or even once a month, as some software recommends, then you might not need such a big backup system. So choose which one you are more likely to use, and that will help you make a purchasing decision.

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

EVERY Day

And when a sexy female coworker (Carla Gugino) puts the moves on Ned, the temptation sends him spiraling.

about

Every Day is one family’s struggle to survive the unexpected curve-balls that are simply part of real life; aging and death; commitment and freedom; love and acceptance. It’s an uncompromising look at an ordinary family making an extraordinary journey towards themselves and towards each other.

ed (Liev Schreiber) is in the throes of a mid-life crisis. His work as a writer on an outrageous, semipornographic TV show is less than satisfying.

His fifteen year old son has just told him he is gay and his eleven year old is

Writer Richard Levine

Director Richard Levine

H afraid of, well pretty much everything. When his wife, Jeannie (Helen Hunt), moves her sick and embittered father (Brian Dennehy) from Detroit into their home in NY, it puts added stress on an already strained marriage.

Carla Gugino, Liev Schreiber, Helen Hunt, Eddie Izzard,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

Helen Hunt

unt was born in Culver City, California, the daughter of Jane Elizabeth (née Novis), a photographer, and Gordon Hunt, a film director and acting coach. Her uncle, Peter H. Hunt, is also a director, and her maternal grandmother, Dorothy Fries (née Anderson) was a voice coach. Her paternal grandmother was Jewish and her mother was Methodist. She spent part of her childhood in New York City and later attended the University of California at Los Angeles.

Hunt began working in the 1970s as a child actress.

Her early roles included an appearance as Murray Slaughter’s daughter on The Mary Tyler Moore Show, alongside Lindsay Wagner in an episode of The Bionic Woman, and a regular role in the television series The Swiss Family Robinson.

She appeared as a marijuana-smoking classmate on an episode of The Facts of Life. She also appeared as a young woman who, while on PCP, jumps out of a second-story window in a 1982 after school special called Desperate Lives (a scene which she mocked during a Saturday Night Live monologue in 1994). In the mid-1980s, she had a recurring

St. Elsewhere

role on as Clancy Williams, girlfriend of Dr. Jack “Boomer” Morrison. She remains well known for one of her earliest roles as Jennie in Bill: On His Own, costarring Mickey Rooney.

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MOVIE She also starred in the 1985 film Girls Just Wanna Have Fun with Sarah Jessica Parker and Shannen Doherty.

1990s

In the , after the lead female role in the short-lived My Life and Times, Hunt became well-known to television audiences in Mad About You, winning Emmy Awards for her performance in 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999.

In 1998, Hunt won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Carol Connelly, a waitress and single mother who finds herself falling in love with Melvin Udall, an obsessive-compulsive romance novelist played by Jack Nicholson in the movie As Good as It Gets. After winning the Academy Award, she took time off from movie work to play Viola in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night at Lincoln Center in New York.

In 2000, Hunt returned to the screen in four films: Dr. T & the Women with Richard Gere, Pay It Forward with Kevin Spacey and Haley Joel Osment, What Women Want with Mel Gibson, and Cast Away with Tom Hanks. In 2003, she returned to Broadway in Yasmina Reza’s Life x 3. Hunt was also a final candidate for the role of “Clarice Starling” in Hannibal, after Jodie Foster decided not to reprise her Oscar winning role from The Silence of the Lambs. However, Hunt lost the role to Julianne Moore at the last minute. In 2006, Hunt appeared in the film Bobby. Hunt is a director, having helmed several episodes of Mad About You, including the series finale. Her bigscreen directorial debut came with the film Then She Found Me, in which she also starred.

She currently owns a production company with Connie Tavel, Hunt-Tavel Productions under Sony Pictures Entertainment. Hunt dated actor Hank Azaria for five years, then was married to him

She

from 1999 until 2000. briefly dated actor Kevin Spacey, whom she starred with in the 2000 film, Pay It Forward. She has been in a relationship with Matthew Carnahan since 2001 and they have a daughter, Makena Lei Gordon Carnahan, born on May 13, 2004.

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E V I S N

E P X E N

FLASH I H

ere are the best flash camcorders (below $200) that have comparable performance to real HD camcorders but will suit your budget perfectly. We will examine and rate each camcorder based on Value (what the camcorder has to offer), Quality (video performance in different environments), Ease of Use (user-friendliness), Control (manual options) and Overall performance. A maximum score of five goes to each of the categories mentioned.

a removable rechargeable lithium

ion battery, which delivers up to 105 minutes of recording time. For extra shooting flexibility, you can purchase an additional NP-BK1 battery. The camcorder adds a mini HDMI jack for HDTV viewing and a USB connector for battery charging. Though the CM5 doesn’t have a mic input for an optional stereo mic, its sound recording already seems better than average.

The first on the list is the Sony Bloggie MHS-CM5, which records in 1920 x 1080 pixels HD and uses H.264-compressed MPEG-4. It has a de-

cent image quality characterized by extreme warm colors and over saturation. Possessing a 1080p video capture feature, the video quality is equally sharp; however, the autofocus has a tendency to respond slowly. What’s good with the Bloggie CM5 is that it can focus on objects as close as nearly 2 inches. This macro feature is best for people who want to get a close-up detail of their subjects. With

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CAMCORDERS

Written by Gelsa Nordton

CAMCORDERS

its average video quality and macro capability, we grade this camcorder a 4.0 for Value and 4.1 for Quality.

This Bloggie CM5 supports SDHC cards as well as Memory Stick Duo cards. It has a large 2.5-inch swiveling LCD and a 5x optical zoom lens. This pocket camcorder uses

Sony included the Picture Motion Browser Portable

5.0 software with the camcorder. Except for Windows 7 Starter Edition, the software runs from the device once you plug it into your Windows

It allows you to upload your videos instantly to Youor Mac PC.

Tube, DailyMotion, Picasa, Photobucket and Shutterfly after your initial setup of your username and password for each service. Consid-

ering overall the features and options this camcorder has to offer, we give it a score off 3.8 for Ease of Use and 4.2 for Control. Overall score for the Sony Bloggie MHS-CM5 is 4.0. The next pocket camcorder is the Flip Video MinoHD from Pure Digital. It has a small 1.46-inch transflective LCD that allows you to view the display even in bright daylight. You can navigate the controls through its touch-sensitive buttons. A tripod sits on the bottom of the camcorder. The MinoHD is simple and easy to use with its USB connector, which you can flip straight up. Once you connect the camera to the PC, simply push the red button to start and stop the recording or hit the playback button to view what you recorded. Unlike some of its competitors, it has no other complex settings to fiddle with aside from setting the date and time. The MinoHD packs with the FlipShare software. It gets a 4.2 for Ease of Use.

The MinoHD has its own drawbacks. It uses a non-removable rechargeable lithium ion battery, which can only shoot up to 2 hours of videos. It also has focus issues; you can’t get a sharp take if you get too close to your subjects. However, both the bright and the low light performance

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CAMCORDER HDMI connector to play your 1080i video to your HDTV along with a standard composite AV output. It bundles

look good. Quality score is a 4.0. The lack of setting options and the use of a non-removable battery gives it a score of 3.8 for Control. Value score is 3.8 giving the Flip MinoHD an Overall score of 3.9.

Another pocket camcorder we will feature is the Creative Vado HD. One of its appealing designs is its 2-inch antiglare LCD together with its lens that extends out from the body. This Vado has a mini 108 - H mag

an HDMI cable, but not a composite cable, and comes with an 8GB built-in memory. It has a flip-out USB connector for easy file transfer to your computer. This unit also recharges through USB. As you plug in the camcorder, the software automatically pops up and gives you the options of playing the video, uploading them to YouTube or Photobucket, creating a movie and stringing together some video clips.

Value score for this camcorder is 4.0, and its great features earn it a score of 4.2 for Control.

The Vado is not a real HD camcorder, but the video quality is remarkable. You can view videos at full screen size on your computer, and they maintain their sharpness. The

camcorder’s low light performance is decent and its mic can pick up sounds quite clearly. Quality and Ease of Use scores for this camcorder are a 4.1. Overall score for the Creative Vado HD is a 4.0. Next in line is the Kodak’s Zi8. This high definition pocket camcorder records 1920 x 1080p video at 30 fps in H.264 format. It uses a 1/2.5-inch, 5-megapixel CMOS sensor with three lower-resolution setting options with 720p/60fps mode, 720p/30fps

Nice additions to the Kodak Zi8 are the face detection, digital image stabilization and external mic input. mode or WVGA mode.

Kodak has four dedicated buttons to access menu settings, delete videos and stills, return to filming and playback videos. We give this camcorder a score of 4.2 for Quality, Ease of Use and Control categories.

The Kodak Zi8 comes with a 128MB of internal memory, barely enough to record high definition video or stills. To increase the recording capacity, you can insert

an SDHC memory card, which is not included in the package. The camcorder supports SDHC cards up to 32GB, giving you up to 5 hours of highest quality recording. The lack of a sufficient internal memory gives it a Value score of 3.9. Overall score for the Kodak Zi8 is 4.1. The fifth pocket camcorder featured in this review is the Flip UltraHD, also from Pure Digital. The UltraHD records video at 1280 x 720 resolution at 30fps. Video and Quality scores for this camcorder is a 3.8. Like the MinoHD, it’s easy to use with its record and play buttons. There are no complex menus and other functionality to get lost in. With its flip-out USB port and bundled

FlipShare software, you

can conveniently transfer your video to the computer. You can also view your videos on big screen using an HDMI port, but the cable comes separately.

This camcorder scores

a 4.1 in Ease of Use.

The biggest downside of the UltraHD is its small 2x digital zoom lens. Moreover, there’s no image stabilization and no expandable memory. H mag - 109

Written by Gelsa Nordton

SOUNDTRACK

Original release

Once Upon a Time

In The West

After completing the Dollars trilogy (A Fistful of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More, and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly), Sergio Leone didn’t want to do another western and began working on Once Upon a Time in America. However, after the huge success of the Dollars Trilogy in the States in 1967 Leone wanted to produce films in the United States and he began selling the idea for Once Upon a Time in America, but studios wouldn’t let him do it until he made another Western for them. After thinking about it, Leone concluded that he should do another trilogy which begins with Once Upon a Time in the West, develops into Duck, You Sucker, and ends with Once Upon a Time in America (1984). “Three historical periods which toughened America.”

he film describes two conflicts that take place around Flagstone, a fictional town in the American Old West: a land battle related to construction of a railroad, and a mission of vengeance against a cold-blooded killer. The main storyline revolves around

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a struggle for Sweetwater, a piece of land near Flagstone containing the region’s only water source. The land was bought by Brett McBain (Frank

who foresaw that

Wolff), the railroad would have to pass through that area to provide water for the steam engines that power the locomotives. When railroad tycoon

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

“Once Upon a Time in the West” “As a Judgment” 3:08 “Farewell to Cheyenne” 2:40 “The Transgression” 4:43 “The First Tavern” 1:41 “The Second Tavern” - 1:34 “Man with a Harmonica” 3:31 “A Dimly Lit Room” 5:09 “Bad Orchestra” 2:25 “The Man” 1:03 “Jill’s America” 2:48 “Death Rattle” 1:45 “Finale” 4:13 Morton (Gabriele Ferzetti) learns of this, he sends his hired gun Frank (Fonda) to intimidate

3:46

the owner of the land. Henry Fonda as Frank

Meanwhile, a mysterious harmonica-playing gunman (Bronson), whom Cheyenne later dubs “Harmonica”, pursues Frank. In the film’s opening scene, HarMcBain, and Frank monica kills McBain and his kills three children, plantthree ing evidence on the scene to frame the men bandit Cheyenne (Rosent bards) and his gang. by Frank to kill him, By the time McBain’s new bride, Jill and, in a roadhouse on (Cardinale), arrives from New Orleans, the family is dead and she is the way to Sweetwater.

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BLUE

Michelle Wil iams

Valentine

Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

complex portrait of a contemporary American marriage, Blue Valentine tells the story of David and Cindy, a couple who have been together for several years but who

are at an impasse in their relationship. While Cindy has blossomed into a woman with opportunities

David is still the same person

and options,

he was when they met, and is unable to accept either Cindy’s growth or his lack of it.

Innovatively structured, the narrative unfolds in two distinct time frames, juxtaposing scenes of first love and youthful sexuality, with those of disenchantment and discord.

Starring

Writer Joey Curtis

Director Derek Cianfrance

Mike Vogel, Ryan Gosling, Michelle Williams, Ben Shenkman,

Release Date December 29th, 2010

illiams was born in Kalispell, Montana, the daughter of Carla Ingrid (née Swenson), a homemaker, and Larry Richard Williams, a well-known stock and commodities trader. When Williams was nine, her family moved to San Diego, California, and, at an early age, she became interested in acting. At age 15, faced with her parents’ disapproval, she emancipated herself from them. After completing the ninth grade at the Upper School of Santa Fe Christian Schools, in Solana Beach, California, she left school in order to pursue her acting career in Dawson’s Creek. In 1997, she won the Robbins World Cup Trading Championship, as her father had done 10 years earlier. She won after turning $10,000 into $110,000 over the course of a year and that gain (as of 2006) is the fourth highest in the history of that competition (her father has the highest).

Williams’s career began in television, appearing in programs such as the 1990s version of Lassie, Baywatch, Step by Step, and Home Improvement. Her

first film role was in the motion pic-

Soon after

ture Species. , she won additional roles, including the Jessica Lange-Michelle Pfeiffer film A Thousand Acres and the 1998 movie Halloween H20: 20 Years Later with Jamie Lee Curtis and Josh Hartnett. Williams’ star profile rose considerably when, in 1997, she was cast as one of the lead characters on the WB show Dawson’s Creek. She would play Jen Lindley for all six seasons of the successful show. During and after the show’s run, Williams appeared in several films. Her first starring role was as Arlene in the film Dick, a satire of the Watergate scandal, opposite Kirsten Dunst. She starred opposite Christina Ricci in Prozac Nation, and also appeared in the HBO film If These Walls Could Talk 2, and several acclaimed indie pictures such as The United States of Leland, Me Without You, and Imaginary Heroes. For her performance in The Station Agent, Williams, along

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MOVIE with the rest of the cast, received a Screen Actors Guild award nomination for Best Acting Ensemble. The following year, Williams starred in independent features Land of Plenty and A Hole in One. In 2005, critics and audiences took note of Williams’ performance in Ang Lee’s Brokeback Mountain. For that performance she won a Critic’s Choice Award and received Golden Globe, BAFTA, and Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actress.

In 2006 she appeared in The Hawk Is Dying with Paul Giamatti. In 2007, she was in Ethan Hawke’s The Hottest State and in Todd Haynes’ I’m Not There with Cate Blanchett, Richard Gere, Heath Ledger, and Julianne Moore. In 2008, she starred with Ewan Mc-

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Gregor and Hugh Jackman in the Marcel Langenegger film Deception. It has been noted that Williams has “repeatedly taken chances on underthe-radar indies” such as The Station Agent and The Hawk Is Dying, “while catching the attention of auteurs like Wim Wenders (Land of Plenty), Todd Haynes (I’m Not There); and Martin Scorsese”; the Scorsese movie in question is Shutter Island (based on the novel Shutter Island by Dennis Lehane), which also stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Mark Ruffalo. Along with the Scorsese film, she shot four other films in succession. Independent filmmaker Kelly Reichardt’s Wendy and Lucy was shown on September 27 and 28, 2008, at the New York Film Festival and opened on December 10, 2008. Williams was highly acclaimed, with some claiming the performance was her best yet. She is one of a “vivid ensemble cast orbiting around Philip Seymour Hoffman’s harried theater director” in Synecdoche, New York, the first film directed by Charlie Kaufman.

Written by Ron Jersey

FILMING Before Charles Xavier and Erik Lensherr took the names Professor X and Magneto, they were two young men discovering their powers for the first time. Before they were archenemies, they were closest of friends, working together, with other Mutants (some familiar, some new), to stop the greatest threat the world has ever known. In the process, a rift between them opened, which began the eternal war between Magnetoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Brotherhood and Professor Xâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s X-MEN.

X-MEN: First Class James McAvoy ... Professor Charles Xavier Michael Fassbender ... Erik Lehnsherr/Magneto Kevin Bacon ... Sebastian Shaw January Jones ... Emma Frost Rose Byrne ... Dr. Moira MacTaggert Nicholas Hoult ... Hank McCoy/Beast Ray Wise ... Secretary of State of the United States Jason Flemyng ... Azazel Oliver Platt ... Man in Black

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Jane Goldman

Writers

Jennifer Lawrence ... Raven Darkholme/Mystique

Director

Ashley Miller - Writer (screenplay) Jamie Moss - Writer (screenplay) Josh Schwartz - Writer (screenplay) Bryan Singer - Writer (story)

Cast

Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

Farrell has two sisters, Claudine (who is his personal assistant) and Catherine, and a brother, Eamon Jr.

The WAY Back D

irected by six-time Academy Award® nominee Peter Weir, The Way Back is an epic story of survival, solidarity and indomitable human will. Shot in Bulgaria, Morocco and India, the film stars Jim Sturgess (Across the Universe, The Other Boleyn Girl), Ed Harris (Appaloosa) and Colin Farrell (In Bruges) as prisoners of a Soviet Union labor camp, who, along

with four others, flee their Siberian Gulag and begin a treacherous journey across thousands of miles of hostile terrain. Academy Award® nominee Saoirse Ronan (Atonement, The Lovely Bones) and Mark Strong (Body of Lies, RocknRolla) co-star.

Colin Farrell

arrell was born in Dublin, the son of Rita (née Monaghan), a housewife, and Eamon Farrell, a footballer who played for Shamrock Rovers FC (Rovers) and owned a company importing and exporting canned goods in Dublin City. He was raised Roman Catholic. His uncle Tommy Farrell also played for Rovers.

Starring

Writer Slavomir Rawicz

Director Peter Weir

Colin Farrell, Mark Strong, Saoirse Ronan, Jim Sturgess,

Release Date December 29th, 2010

When he was ten, the Farrells moved to Castleknock, a Dublin suburb. Farrell was educated at St. Brigid’s National School Castleknock followed by Castleknock College and Gormanston College. Farrell auditioned for the Irish group Boyzone when he was still unknown, but was unsuccessful. Farrell attended The Gaiety School of Acting, but dropped out and was cast in the part of Danny Byrne on Ballykissangel, a BBC television drama. Farrell appeared on the show 7 times from 1998 to 1999. Farrell had small parts in television shows and films, including the

BBC drama Ballykissangel in 1998, and his film debut in Tim Roth’s The War Zone. In 2000, he was cast in the lead role of Private Roland Bozz in Tigerland, an American film di-

by Joel Schumacher. Farrell’s next American rected

films, American Outlaws (2001) and Hart’s War (2002), were not commercially successful, but his

2003 films, including Phone Booth,

S.W.A.T.

, and The Recruit were well-received box office successes. Although he has a pronounced Irish accent, Farrell uses an American accent in some of his films including American Outlaws and his breakthrough role, Tigerland. Farrell roles as a supporting actor include his performances as an ambitious cop who chases after a potential criminal, played by actor Tom Cruise in Minority Report (2002), and as the skilled villain Bullseye in Daredevil (2003). Matt Damon was originally offered the Minority Report role but he turned it down to appear in Ocean’s Eleven. Farrell said “he had no problem” that people knew he was the producer’s fall back pick after Damon declined. The character of Bullseye is that of an assassin with perfect accuracy and deep-rooted pride of it. Farrell was attached to this

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MOVIE role in December 2001, though initially he was considered for the lead role as Matt Murdock, aka Daredevil, until Ben Affleck signed. Farrell was encouraged to keep his Irish accent as this version of Bullseye is from Ireland. Farrell had to read into Frank Miller’s Daredevil comics to understand Bullseye

“because the expression on the character’s faces in the comic books, and just the way they move sometimes, and the exaggerations of the character I’m playing he’s so over-the-top that you do draw from that. But it’s not exactly a character you can do method acting for... you know, running around New York killing people with paper clips.”

In late 2003, Farrell starred as a criminal who plots a bank heist with Cillian Murphy in the comedy Intermission, which held the record as highest-grossing Irish independent film in Irish box office history until 2006. In 2004, Farrell appeared in several independent films that received only a limited theatrical release in most countries, including A Home at the End of the World, which received some positive reviews. Farrell appeared as a bisexual character in A Home at the End of the World. Farrell appeared in the title role of Alexander the Great in Oliver Stone’s 2004 biopic Alexander, which, while receiving some favorable reviews internationally, received mostly mediocre and negative reviews in the United States. It was marked by controversy for portraying the ancient conqueror as bisexual, and received criticism from some

histori-

ans

for its portrayal of the ancient Persians, though others praised it for its accuracy in these regards as well. The movie grossed a total of $167 million worldwide, despite its poor showing within the United States, just exceeding its budget of $155 million.

Farrell’s next film was 2005’s Academy Award-nominated The New World, also a historical epic that was met with mixed reviews.

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Written by Don Parker

SET PICS

Men In Black 3 has started shooting, and the first set photos of star Will Smith (and his costars) are already popping up online.

MEN IN BLACK 3 Not really a surprise, considering that Will Smith is one of those stars paparazzi will burrow tunnels underground just to snap. What is surprising, however, is the recent news about Men In Black 3‘s script issues and shooting schedule hiatus, which were first reported by the LA Times. It seems that the film will be taking a break fairly soon to smooth out some wrinkles. The LA Times report (taken from an inside source) states that Etan Cohen’s (Tropic Thunder) script for Men In Black 3 will be re-worked by Jeff Nathanson (Catch Me If You Can). The source claims that Nathanson is being brought in to rework the time travel elements of the MIB3 story. For those who haven’t read our Men In Black 3 script review, the film’s plot basically involves Agent Jay (Smith) going back in time to the 1960s to prevent the death of a young Agent Kay (Josh Brolin), and basically save the future and Earth from destruction. As we all know from recent examples like Terminator Salvation, time travel stories are extremely tricky to pull off.

In order to give Nathanson the time he needs to rework the script, Men In Black 3 will shoot its present-day portions from now until Christmas, with the 1960s portions being filmed sometime in mid-February. At the moment this hiatus is not expected to disrupt the film’s planned May 2012 release date, but then, you never know.

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

prize-winning poet, and Robert J. C. Young, the eminent post-colonial theorist; her friends included Chelsea Clinton. During her time at Oxford Pike was also in a two-year relationship with Simon Woods, whom she was later to star opposite in Pride and Prejudice.

Burning PALMS A subversive tale that interlaces five stories where no taboo is left unexplored. Framed as a graphic novel come to life, the film unfolds in five popular neighborhoods of Los Angeles as each character careens toward a dark and often comic fate.

Rosamund Pike

ike was born in London, England, the only child of concert musicians/opera singers Caroline and Julian Pike; Her father is now a professor at the Birmingham Conservatoire. The family travelled across Europe until she was aged 7, following where ever her parents performing career took them; as a result she speaks fluent French and German.

Pike won a scholarship to Badminton School, and while appearing in a production of Romeo and Juliet at the National Youth Theatre, was noticed by an agent who helped her embark upon a professional career.

After being turned down to ev-

ery stage school she applied to, she gained a place to read English Literature at Wadham College, Oxford. While there, she studied under both Bernard O’Donoghue, the Whitbread

Starring

Writer Christopher B. Landon

Director Christopher B. Landon

Zoe Saldana, Rosamund Pike, Lake Bell, Shannen Doherty,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

After taking a year off to pursue her acting career, garnering stage experience in David Hare’s Skylight, Arthur Miller’s All My Sons, and several plays by Shakespeare; she achieved an Upper Second class degree in 2001.

On graduation,

while considering work at Waterstone’s bookshop due to a lack of acting opportunities, she was offered the role as a Bond girl and MI6 agent assigned to aid James Bond in Die Another Day. During the film’s release she appeared in the special show Bond Girls Are Forever and, shortly thereafter, the BAFTA tribute to the James Bond series. Pike’s British television roles appearances include A Rather English Marriage (1998), Wives and Daughters (1999), and Love in a Cold Climate (2001), a miniseries based on the Nancy Mitford novels The Pursuit of

Love and Love in a Cold Climate. She appeared as “Sarah Beaumont” in an episode of the series Foyle’s War.

Pike played Elizabeth Malet in The Libertine (2004) co-starring Johnny Depp, which won her the Best Supporting Actress award at the British Independent Film Awards. In the same year, she portrayed Rose in The Promised Land (a film about Israel), as well as starring as scientist Samantha Grimm in the cinematic adaptation of the computer game Doom. And she appeared as Jane, the elder sister of Elizabeth (played by Keira Knightley), in Pride & Prejudice.

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MOVIE Pike has a role in the film adaptation of Anne Michaels’ novel Fugitive Pieces, and also starred as a successful attorney in the movie Fracture, opposite Anthony Hopkins and Ryan Gosling. It was her first experience shooting a movie in Los Angeles.

Her stage credits include Hitchcock Blonde by Terry Johnson (in a role requiring her to appear completely nude on stage with only a pair of high heels) and Tennessee Williams’ Summer and Smoke, both in London’s West End, and Gaslight at London’s Old Vic Theatre. Pike has said that she would be happy to do at least one play every year. In 2009, she played the title char-

acter in Madame De Sade during the Donmar’s West End season. Pike is recording voicework for a lead role in the forthcoming film Jackboots on Whitehall. She appears in the forthcoming British film Made in Dagenham and in the forthcoming Canadian film Barney’s Version where she plays Miriam. In 2010 she stars in a production of Hedda Gabler on UK tour.

Pike is a skilled cellist, and speaks fluent Ger-

man and French. She currently lives in Kensington Gardens, West London.

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While at Oxford, she had a two year relationship with Simon Woods. She was engaged in 2007 to film director Joe Wright, but they called off the wedding they had been planning to hold in 2008.

Nikon DX-format CMOS sensor

D7000

t the heart of the D7000 is a DX-format CMOS image sensor with 16.2 effective megapixels, optimally engineered to gather more quality light through sharp NIKKOR lenses. With 14-bit A/D conversion (12-bit selectable) operating within the sensor, the D7000 realizes stunning images that are richer in tone and detail than previously possible in DX format without sacrificing shooting speed or energy efficiency. Combine these with

NIKON

And Now What?

hen it was announced in September the D7000 took a lot of people by surprise. Although a D90 successor had been on the horizon for some time, what wasn’t expected was how close in specification terms the new camera would turn out to be to the D300S. In some respects, in fact, the D7000 actually outguns its (supposedly) semi-pro cousin, and offers a compelling upgrade option to both D90 and D300S owners, whilst nominally sitting between the two in Nikon’s current lineup.

overall ‘feel’ is considerably more serious, thanks to a magnesium alloy body shell and slightly thicker rubber coating on the hand grip and rear of the camera. At 16.2Mp the D7000 offers the second highest resolution of any Nikon DSLR, behind only the 24Mp D3X. All of these pixels are packed onto a newly developed CMOS sensor, which is almost certainly the same or very similar to that in the Sony Alpha SLT-A55. As well as extra resolution, the new sensor also offers a higher ‘standard’ ISO span of 1006400, expandable up to the equivalent of ISO 25,600.

Although ergonomically, the D7000 is a very close match for the D90, its

The

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D7000’s AF and meter-

the agility of the DX format and its signature 1.5x focal length telephoto potential and you can begin to see where this kind of shooting power can take you.

D7000 and D90 key differences

Written by Esther Longdon

CAMERA

The D7000 sits above the D90 in Nikon’s current lineup, and as befits its new position in the range, the D7000 combines elements of the D90 with elements of the D300S - Nikon’s current APS-C flagship. The most ob-

vious physical clue to its new position is a magnesium alloy body shell, which up to now has been reserved for Nikon’s top-end APS-C and full frame cameras.

‘Under the hood’ though the differences are legion - a new 16.2MP CMOS sensor, dual card slots, a new 39-point AF array, ‘true’ HD movie mode with full-time AF and more customization options, some of which are inherited from Nikon’s professional DSLRs. Like the D90, the D7000 supports AF with Nikon’s older AF and AF-D lenses (lower-end models are limited to compatibility with AF-S and AF-I optics only) but additionally, because the D7000 has an Ai indexing tab on its lens mount, up to 9

The D7000 employs the new image-processing engine “EXPEED 2”. This achieves higher-performance noise reduction, improved color reproduction, high-speed image processing and enhanced movie-processing performance and efficient energy saving with a smaller engine chip than that of the D90.

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CAMERA

Easy to use Live View

The D7000 offers smooth switching from regular shooting to Live View shooting with the dedicated Live View switch. Large, easy-toview 7.5 cm (3-in.) VGA wide-viewing-angle (170°), approx. 921k-dot TFT LCD monitor with reinforced glass realizes comfortable Live View shooting. The D7000 also allows contrast-detect AF. By selecting AF-F (full-time-servo AF), the camera automatically tracks the subject continuously even if it moves during Live View shooting. There are selectable AF-area modes according to the subject; face-priority AF, wide-area AF, normal-area AF and subject-tracking AF.

D-Movie The D7000 offers high-imagequality full HD movie recording of 1,920 x 1,080-24p. You can shoot creative and beautiful movies taking advantage of shallow depth of field and a variety of interchangeable NIKKOR lenses. As with Live View, contrast-detect AF is possible. And if

Key Features

you set full-time-servo AF (AF-F) for AF servo mode and subject-tracking AF for AF-area mode, AF area tracks even a moving subject continuously. * Approx. 16.2 effective megapixels. Employs newly developed Nikon DX-format CMOS sensor. [NEW] * New image-processing engine “EXPEED 2” that achieves high image quality, high-speed image processing, multi functions and efficient energy saving. * Wide sensitivity range of ISO 100 to 6400, expandable to Hi 2 (ISO 25600 equivalent). * Newly developed AF system featuring 39 focus points including 9 cross-type sensors in the center of the frame. [NEW] * Scene Recognition System with improved accuracy by utilizing newly developed 2,016-pixel RGB sensor. [NEW]

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Written by Matteo Longhi

WRITTEN BY

# Reading level: Ages 4-8 # Hardcover: 24 pages # Publisher: Golden/Disney (September 14, 2010) # Language: English # ISBN-10: 0736426841 # ISBN-13: 978-0736426848

Tangled A

n elderly woman named Gothel witnesses a single ray of sun hit the ground, creating a magical flower with the ability to keep herself young when she sings to it. Centuries later, the queen of a nearby kingdom falls ill while expecting a child.

Her guards located the mysterious flower, hidden by Gothel, and bring it to the queen. The flower heals the queen and she gives birth to a girl named Rapunzel, who comes to inherit the flower’s magic through her long golden hair. One night, Gothel kidnaps Rapunzel and isolates

her in a tower as her own daughter. However, every year on her birthday, the kingdom sends floating lanterns into the sky longing for their lost princess to return. Eighteen years later, Rapunzel tells Gothel that she wishes to see these annual floating lights that appear on her birthday, but Gothel rejects her by telling Rapunzel that the world is a dangerous place. Meanwhile, the thief Flynn Rider and his twin thugs heist the tiara of the missing princess from the castle. As they flee, Flynn abandons the twins, allowing the pursuing castle guards to capture them. The lead guard’s horse, Maximus, is separated from his rider and continues the search for Flynn on his own. Flynn happens upon Rapunzel’s tower to hide in, only to be held captive by Rapunzel and her

chameleon, Paspet

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cal. Rapunzel bar-

gains w i t h Flynn that if he escorts h e r to the lights a n d back, she will return the tiara. Flynn agrees as Rapunzel is excited to be free, but is soon conflicted between the elation from the new experience and the

guilt of disobedience. Later, Gothel returns to find Rapunzel gone, but finds the tiara hidden in a bag under the stairs. The pair arrive at the Snuggly Duckling, a seedy pub filled with thugs.

However,

the thugs recognize Flynn from the poster and plan to

turn him in, but Rapunzel confronts the men stating that she needs Flynn to complete her dream of seeing the lights. The thugs decide to help her as they too have unfinished dreams. Gothel watches through a window, but before she can do anything, the royal

enter

guards and pursue Flynn and Rapunzel to a wooden dam where the two hide in a closed-off cave. Maximus causes the dam to break and the surrounding area and the cave begin to flood. Thinking that they will die, Flynn reveals to Rapunzel that his real name is actually Eugene Fitzherbert, and she explains that her hair glows when she sings. Realizing that it would light the cave, she sings and the cave is illuminated as they swim to a loosened clump of rocks and escape the cave. Meanwhile, Gothel finds the thieving twins and offers them something worth much more than the tiara.

That night, Rapunzel heals Flynn’s hand, which was injured in their escape, with her hair and explains that if her hair is cut, it loses its power and turns brown.

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TRANS SIBERIAN I

n March 1891, the future Tsar Nicholas II personally opened and blessed the construction of the Far East segment of the Trans-Siberian Railway during his stop at Vladivostok, after visiting Japan at the end of his journey around the world. Nicholas II made notes in his diary about his anticipation of travelling in the comfort of “The Czar’s Train” across the unspoiled wilderness of Siberia. The Tsar’s Train was designed and built in St. Petersburg to serve as the main mobile office of the Tsar and his staff for travelling across Russia.

The main route 140 - H mag

of the Trans-Siberian originates in St. Petersburg at Moskovsky Vokzal, runs through Moscow, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, UlanUde, Chita and Khabarovsk to Vladivostok via southern Siberia and was built from 1891 to 1916 under the supervision of government ministers of Russia who were personally appointed by the Tsar Alexander III and by his son, Tsar Nicholas II. The additional Chinese Eastern Railway was constructed as the Russo-Chinese part of the Trans-Siberian Railway, connecting Russia with China and providing a shorter route to Vladivostok and it was operated by a Russian staff and administration based in Harbin.

The Trans-Siberian Railway is often associated with the main transcontinental Russian train that connects hundreds of large and small cities of the European and Asian parts of Russia. At 9,259 kilometres (5,753 miles), spanning a record 7 time zones and taking eight days to complete the journey, it is the third-longest single continuous service in the world, after the Moscow–Pyongyang (10,267 km, 6,380 mi) and the Kiev–Vladivostok (11,085 km, 6,888 mi) services, both of which also follow the Trans-Siberian for much of their routes.

A second

primary route is the Trans-Manchurian, which coincides with the Trans-Siberian as far as Tarskaya (a stop 12 km east of Karymskaya, in Zabaykalsky Krai), about 1,000 km east of Lake Baikal. From Tarskaya the Trans-Manchurian heads southeast, via Harbin and Mudanjiang in China’s Northeastern Provinces (from where a connection to Beijing is used by one of Moscow– Beijing trains), joining with the main route in Ussuriysk just north of Vladi-

vostok. This is the shortest and the oldest railway route to Vladivostok. Some trains split at Shenyang, China, with a portion of the service continuing to Pyongyang, North Korea.

RAILWAY

Written by Marco Galli

REPORTAGE

The third primary route is the Trans-Mongolian Railway, which coincides with the Trans-Siberian as far as Ulan Ude on Lake Baikal’s eastern shore. From Ulan-Ude the Trans-Mongolian heads south to UlaanBaatar before making its way southeast to Beijing.In

1991, a fourth route running further to the north was finally completed, after more than five decades of sporadic work. Known as the Baikal Amur Mainline (BAM), this recent extension departs from the Trans-Siberian line at Taishet several hundred miles west of Lake Baikal and passes the lake at its northernmost extremity. It crosses the Amur River at Komsomolsk-naAmure (north of Khabarovsk), and reaches the Pacific at Sovetskaya Gavan.

fter the revolution of 1917, the railway served as the vital line of communication for the Czechoslovak Legion and the Allied armies that landed troops at Vladivostok during the Siberian Intervention of the Russian Civil War. These forces supported the White Russian government of Admiral Alek-

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REPORTAGE wards towards Vladivostok, from where they emigrated back to Czechoslovakia through Vancouver in Canada, through Canada to Europe, or the Panama Canal to Europe also through Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Port Said and Triest.

sandr Kolchak, based in Omsk, and White Russian soldiers fighting the Bolsheviks on the Ural Front. The intervention was weakened, and ultimately defeated, by partisan fighters who blew up bridges and sections of track, particularly in the volatile region between Krasnoyarsk and Chita. The Trans-Siberian also played a very direct role during parts of Russia’s history, with the Czechoslovak Legion using heavily armed and armoured trains to control large amounts of the railway (and of Russia itself) during the Russian Civil War at the end of World War I.

As one

of the few organised fighting forces left in the aftermath of the Imperial collapse, and before the Red Army took control, the Czechs and Slovaks were able to use their organization and the resources of the railway to establish a temporary zone of control before eventually continuing on-

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n the late 19th century, the development of Siberia was hampered by poor transport links within the region as well as between Siberia and the rest of the country. Aside from the Great Siberian Route, good roads suitable for wheeled transport were few and far between. For about

five

months

of the year, rivers were the main means of transport; during the cold half of the year, cargo and passengers travelled by horsedrawn sleds over the winter roads, many of which were the same rivers, now ice-covered.

The first steamboat on the River

Ob, Nikita Myasnikov’s Osnova, was launched in 1844; but the early starts were difficult, and it was not until 1857 that steamboat shipping started developing on the Ob system in a serious way. Steamboats started operating on the Yenisei in 1863, on the

Lena and Amur in the 1870s.

While

the comparative flatness of Western Siberia was at least fairly well served by the gigantic Ob– Irtysh–Tobol–Chulym river system, the mighty rivers of Eastern Siberia — the Yenisei, the upper course of the Angara River (the Angara below Bratsk was not easily navigable because of the rapids), and the Lena — were mostly navigable only in the north-south direction. An attempt to partially remedy the situation by building the Ob-Yenisei Canal was not particularly successful. Only a railway could be a real solution to the region’s transport problems.

The first railway projects in Siberia emerged after the completion of the Moscow-Saint Petersburg Railway in 1851. One of the

first was the Irkutsk-Chita project, proposed by the American entrepreneur Perry Collins and supported by Transport Minister Constantine Possiet with a view toward connecting Moscow to the Amur River, and consequently, to the Pacific Ocean. Siberia’s governor, Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky, was anxious to advance the colonisation of the Russian Far East, but his plans could not materialize as long as the colonists had to import grain and other food from China and Korea. It was on Muravyov’s initiative that surveys for a railway in the Khabarovsk region were conducted. Before 1880, the central government had virtually ignored these projects, because of the weakness of Siberian enterprises, a clumsy bureaucracy, and fear of financial risk. Financial minister Count Egor Kankrin wrote:

“The idea of covering Russia with a railway network not just exceeds any possibility, but even building H mag - 143

REPORTAGE the railway from Petersburg to Kazan must be found untimely by several centuriesâ&#x20AC;?. By 1880, there were a large number of rejected and upcoming applications for permission to construct

The railway was laid 70 km to the south (instead crossing the Ob at Novosibirsk), just a blind branch line connected with Tomsk, depriving the city of the prospective transit railway traffic and trade.

* Southern route: via Kazakhstan, Barnaul, Abakan and Mongolia. * Northern route: via Tyumen, Tobolsk, Tomsk, Yeniseysk and the modern Baikal Amur Mainline or even through Yakutsk.

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Full-time construction

on the Trans-Siberian Railway began in 1891 and was put into execution and overseen by Sergei Witte, who was then Finance Minister. Similar to the First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA, Russian engineers started construction at both ends and worked towards the centre. From Vladivostok the railway was laid north along the right bank of the Ussuri River to Khabarovsk at the Amur River, becoming the

ailwaymen fought against suggestions to save funds, for example, by installing ferryboats instead of bridges over the rivers until traffic increased. The designers insisted and secured the decision to construct an uninterrupted railway. railways to connect Siberia with the Pacific but not eastern Russia. This worried the government and made connecting Siberia with central Russia a pressing concern. The design process lasted 10 years. Along with the route actually constructed, alternative projects were proposed:

trains, it upset the promised role as a transit route between Europe and East Asia. During the Russo-Japanese War, the military traffic to the east almost disrupted the flow of civil freight.

Ussuri Railway.

rejected

Unlike the private projects that intended to connect the existing cities demanding transport, the Trans-Siberian did not have such a priority. Thus, to save money and avoid clashes with land owners, it was decided to lay the railway outside the existing cities. Tomsk was the largest city, and the most unfortunate, because the swampy banks of the Ob River near it were considered inappropriate for a bridge.

The railway was in-

stantly filled to its capacity with local traffic, mostly wheat. Together with low speed and low possible weights of

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

With the help of Britt’s new secretary, Lenore Case (Cameron Diaz), they learn that the chief criminal in the city is named Benjamin Chudnofsky (Christoph Waltz). He has united all

e h T

green

gangs

the under his power, and he quickly sees that the Green Hornet is a direct threat to the prosperous criminal underworld he controls. Directed by Michel Gondry.

HORNET B ritt Reid (Seth Rogen), son and heir to Los Angeles’ largest newspaper fortune, is a rich, spoiled playboy who has been happy to maintain a direction-less existence. When his father James Reid (Tom Wilkinson) mysteriously dies, Britt meets an impressive and resourceful company

employee, Kato (Jay Chou). They realize that they have the resources to do something worthwhile with their lives and finally step out of James Reid’s shadow.

Kato builds the ultimate weapon, The Black Beauty, an indestructible car with every weapon and gadget imaginable and Britt decides that in order to be heroes, they will pose as villains. Starring

Writer Evan Goldberg

Director Michel Gondry

Christoph Waltz, Cameron Diaz, Seth Rogen, Edward Furlong,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

Christoph Waltz

altz studied acting at the Max Reinhardt Seminar in Vienna. He also attended the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute in New York. He started as a stage actor, performing at venues such as Zurich’s Schauspielhaus Zürich, Vienna’s Burgtheater, or the Salzburg Festival. He became a prolific actor on television. In 2000, he directed his first film, the TV production Wenn man sich traut.

In Quentin Tarantino’s 2009 film Inglourious Basterds, Waltz portrayed Standartenfuhrer Hans Landa of the Schutzstaffel (SS) aka “The Jew Hunter.” H mag - 149

MOVIE For this character who is courteous and speaks four languages but is self serving, cunning and callous, Tarantino feared

“might have written a part that was unplayable”. he

Waltz received the Best Actor Award for the performance at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival and has received acclaim from critics and the public. In 2009, he began sweeping critics’ awards circuits, receiving awards for Best Supporting Actor role from the New York Film Critics Circle, Boston Society of Film Critics, Los Angeles Film Critics Association and for Best Supporting Actor at the 67th Golden Globe Awards and the 16th Screen Actors Guild Awards. Waltz won the Oscar for Best Actor in a Supporting Role at the 82nd Academy Awards. He is only the second actor to win an Academy Award for playing a Nazi, following Kate Winslet

in 2008’s The Reader.

He is also, as of 2010, the only actor to win for a Quentin Tarantino film. Tarantino acknowledged the importance of Waltz to his film by stating: “I think that Landa is one of the best characters I’ve ever written and ever will write, and Christoph played it to a tee. It’s true that if I couldn’t have found someone as good as Christoph I might not have made Inglourious Basterds.” Waltz was born in Vienna, Austria, to set designers Johannes Waltz and Elisabeth Urbancic. His grandmother was Burgtheater actress Maria Mayen and his step-grandfather was actor Emmerich Reimers and his greatgrandparents worked in the theatre. His father held German citizenship, so by Austrian law he was born with German citizenship.

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at me as if I were the biggest liar in the world. Then I would take them home and show them 8-by10 glossies, and things changed

Leslie

Nielsen

“

Written by Marco Galli

PRIORITY

The best part is always the heavy. And the meaner and crueler and the worse you are, the more vicious you are as the heavy, the better the hero looks when he whips you. So, the heavy is liable to be a very dramatic, fine acting part. I told my agent at that time, ™I want to play heavies who are really vicious and cruel and terrible. I want them to know that they're terrible and I want them to enjoy it.∫

ielsen was born on 11 February 1926 in Regina, Saskatchewan. His mother, Mabel Elizabeth (née Davies), was a Welsh immigrant from Fulham, London, and his father, Ingvard Eversen Nielsen, was a Danishborn Constable in the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Nielsen had two brothers; his older brother, Erik Nielsen (1924–2008), was Deputy Prime Minister of Canada during the 1980s. In-

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gvard used to beat his wife and children, and that made Nielsen want to escape.

Their half-uncle,

Jean Hersholt, was an actor best known for his portrayal of Dr. Christian in the long-running radio series of the same name and the subsequent television series and films. In a 1994 The Boston Globe article, Nielsen explained, “I did learn

very early that when I would mention my uncle, people would look

quite drastically.

began

to think that maybe this acting business was not a bad idea, much as I was very shy about it and certainly without courage regarding it. My uncle died not too long after I was in a position to know him. I regret that I had not a chance to know him better.” Nielsen spent several years living in Fort Norman (now Tulita), Northwest Territories where his father was stationed with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. At the age of seventeen, following his graduation from Victoria Composite High School in Edmonton, Nielsen enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force and was trained as an aerial gunner during the latter part of World War II (but was too

young to be fully trained or sent overseas). He worked briefly as a disc jockey at a Calgary, Alberta radio station, before enrolling at the Lorne Greene Academy of Radio Arts, Toronto.

While studying in Toronto, Nielsen received a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse. He noted, “I couldn’t refuse, but I must say when you come from the land of the snow goose, the moose and wool to New York, you’re bringing every ton of hayseed and country bumpkin that you packed. As long as I didn’t open my mouth, I felt a certain security. But I always thought I was going to be unmasked: ‘OK, pack your stuff.’ ‘Well, what’s the matter?’ ‘We’ve discovered you have no talent; we’re shipping you back to Canada.’” He moved to New York City for his scholarship, studying theater and music at the Neighborhood Playhouse, while performing in summer stock theatre. Afterward, he attended the Actors Studio, until making his first television appearance in 1948 on an episode of Studio One,

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PRIORITY alongside Charlton Heston, for which he was paid US$75. Nielsen’s career began in dramatic roles on television during what is known as “Television’s Golden Age”, appearing

50 live programs in 1950 in almost

alone. Nielsen reported that for his salary that there “ was very little gold, we only got $75 or $100 per show.” His distinct voice narrated several documentaries and commercials but, with a handful of exceptions, his early work as a dramatic actor was uneventful. Hal Erickson of Allmovie noted, “... much of Nielsen’s early work was undistinguished; he was merely a handsome leading man in an industry

overstocked with handsome leading men.” In 1956 he made his feature

film debut in the Michael Curtiz-directed musical film The Vagabond King. In the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Nielsen pointed out that he remembers Curtiz as “a sadist, a charming sadist, but a sadist”. Nielsen would go on to call this film “The Vagabond Turkey”. Though the film was not a box office success, Nielsen caught the eye of producer Nicholas Nayfack who offered him an audition for a role in the science fiction film Forbidden Planet, resulting in Nielsen being signed to a long-term contract by Metro-Goldwyn-Meyer (MGM).

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became an instant success, and roles in other MGM films such as Ransom! (1956), The Opposite Sex (1956) and Hot Summer Night (1957) followed. In 1957 he won the lead role opposite Debbie Reynolds in the romantic comedy Tammy and the

Bachelor, which, as a Chicago Tribune critic wrote in 1998, made people consider Nielsen as both a dramatic actor and a handsome romantic lead. However, dissatisfied with the quality of the films he was offered, calling the studios “ a Tiffany, which had forgotten how to make silver”, Nielsen left MGM, but not before auditioning for the role of Messala in the 1959 historical piece Ben-Hur. Stephen Boyd was eventually given the role. After leaving the studios, Nielsen landed the lead role in the Disney miniseries The Swamp Fox, as American Revolutionary War hero Francis Marion. In a 1988 interview he reflected on the series, stating, “That was a great experience, because the Disney people didn’t do their shows like everyone else, knocking out an episode a week. We only had to do an episode a month, and the budgets were extremely high for TV at that time. We had location shooting rather than cheap studio backdrops, and very authentic costumes.” Eight episodes were produced and aired between 1959 and 1961.

His early television appearances include parts in Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Virginian, and The Wild Wild West. In 1961, he was the lead in a

Ex-fighter pilot Ted Striker (Robert Hays) became traumatized after an incident during the “war”, leading to his fear of flying and his “drinking problem” (implying alcoholism, but specifically the “problem” refers to the fact that he misses his mouth every time). Recovering his courage, Striker attempts to regain the love of his life from the war, Elaine Dickinson (Julie Hagerty), now a stewardess. In order to win her love, Striker overcomes his fear and buys a ticket on a flight she is serving on, from Los Angeles to Chicago. However, during the flight, Elaine rebuffs his attempts. After dinner is served, many of the passengers fall ill, and fellow passenger Dr. Barry Rumack (Leslie Nielsen) quickly realizes that one of the meal options, which was fish, gave the passengers food poisoning.

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PRIORITY

taut Los Angeles police drama called The New Breed. In 1968, he had a major role in the pilot film for the popular police series Hawaii Five-O, and later appeared in one of the seventh season episodes. In 1969, he had the leading role as a police officer in The Bold Ones: The Protectors. In 1972, Nielsen appeared as the ship’s captain in the all-star disaster epic The Poseidon Adventure. He also starred in the William Girdlerdirected 1977 action film Project: Kill. His last role before portraying mainly comedy roles was the Canadian disaster film City on Fire in which he played a corrupt mayor. In 1980, he guest starred as Sinclair on the CBS miniseries The Chisholms.

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Nielsen’s supporting role in 1980’s Airplane! was a major watershed in his career. The ethos of the movie, a parody of dramatic disaster films such as Zero Hour! and Airport, is largely based on building a comedy around actors who were then known exclusively for their dramatic roles (other stars included Robert Stack, Peter Graves, and Lloyd Bridges). Nielsen was the movie’s linchpin, his deadpan delivery contrasting with the continual absurdity surrounding him. When asked, “Surely you can’t be serious?”, he responds with a curt, “I am serious. And don’t call me Shirley.” In several interviews he later reflected on the significance of the comedic line: “I thought it was amusing, but it never occurred to me that it was going to become a trademark. It’s such a surprise...the thing comes out, people say, ‘What did he say?!’” Nielsen also stated that he was “...pleased and honoured that he had a chance to deliver that line.” The comedic exchange was at #79 on the American Film Institute’s list of Top 100 movie quotes. The American Film Institute also included the film in its list of the top ten comedy films of all time. Critics praised the film, which also proved to be a success with audiences. The film’s directors, Jim Abrahams,

David Zucker,

and Jerry Zucker, chose Nielsen for the role based on his ability to play “a fish in water”, stat-

You could have cast ing that “

funny peo-

ple and done it with everybody winking, goofing off, and silly...we wanted people to be oblivious to the comedy.” For Nielsen, Airplane! marked a shift from dramatic roles to a new focus on deadpan comedy. When it was suggested that his role in Airplane! was against type, Nielsen protested that he had “always been cast against type before,” and that comedy was what he always really wanted to do. The directors, interested in the success of the new comedy, decided to bring a similar style of comedy to television, casting Nielsen in the lead role in their new series, Police Squad!. The series introduced Nielsen as Frank Drebin, the stereotypical police officer modeled after serious characters in earlier police TV series. Police Squad’s opening sequence was based on the 1950s cop show M Squad, (which starred Lee Marvin), which opened with footage of a police car roving through an after-dark urban setting with a big band playing a jazz

theme song in the background. The voice-over and the show’s organization into “acts” with an epilogue was homage to Quinn Martin police dramas including The Fugitive, The Streets of San Francisco, Barnaby Jones, The F.B.I., and Cannon. Much like in Airplane!, Nielsen portrayed a serious character whose one-liners appeared accidental next to the pratfalls and sight gags around him. Although the show was quickly canceled, lasting only

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PRIORITY six episodes after being juggled between time slots, Nielsen received an Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series.

With the exception of Airplane!, Nielsen had not been known as a comedian. His roles continued to be small and sporadic, such as Prom Night (1980) and Creepshow (1982), both horror films. Nielsen’s most recent noncomedic role was a cameo appearance as Allen Green, a sleazy character who is

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laugh, and then you laugh at yourself for laughing.”

The Naked Gun

murdered by Barbra Streisand’s character, Claudia Draper, in Martin Ritt’s courtroom drama Nuts (1987). Six years after the cancellation of Police Squad!, its directors decided to make a feature length version for theaters. Titled The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!. The film returned Nielsen to his role as Frank Drebin. It involved a comical scheme of a ruthless drug kingpin using hypnosis in an attempt to assassinate Queen Elizabeth II. Drebin, like the doctor in Airplane!, seemed unaware of the absurdity around him even when unintentionally contributing toward it. Nielsen later said in an interview that he had done many of his own stunts, “You have an idea of how you’re going to do something, and it’s your vision... unless you do it, it really doesn’t stand a chance.” This movie grossed over $78 million at the box office and was well-received by critics. Ebert’s 3½– star review (out of four) noted, “You

spawned two sequels: The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear (1991) and Naked Gun 33: The Final Insult (1994). Naked Gun 2½ grossed more than the original, with $86,930,400, while Naked Gun 33 grossed $51,132,600 in receipts. Nielsen remained open to the prospects of acting in a fourth Naked Gun film, although he doubted that it would ever be produced— ”I don’t think so,” he said in 2005.

“If there hasn’t been one by now, I doubt it. I think it would be wonderful.” Nielsen briefly appeared on the World Wrestling Federation program in the summer of 1994 on Monday Night RAW; capitalizing on his Frank Drebin character, Nielsen (and George Kennedy) were hired as “super-sleuths” to unravel the mystery of The Undertaker who had disappeared at January’s Royal Rumble event.

The year is 1893: solicitor Thomas Renfield (Peter MacNicol) travels all the way from London to “Castle Dracula” in Transylvania to meet an important client. As he nears the end of his journey, the sun sets, and the stagecoach driver refuses to take him any further. Kindly villagers (including Chuck McCann in a cameo) plead with him to turn back, but Renfield continues on foot, explaining “You don’t understand; I’m expected!” Renfield arrives safely and meets Count Dracula (Leslie Nielsen), a charming but rather strange man who is, of course, a vampire. Dracula signs the papers finalizing the purchase of Carfax Abbey in England, and Renfield retires for the night. He wakes up when two Brides of Dracula come gliding seductively in.

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Written by Marco Galli

DRINKS

Tea

CHAI

ea or Chai is a ubiquitous favorite, no matter which part of the world you are in. Whether you are in the antiquities of Italy or by lanes of France, the high streets of United ents. A cup of Plain Chai Tea is a treat States of America or the road-side like no other – the sharp, stinging stalls of India, chai tea is a beverage scent of the hillsides of tea plantaequally loved and consumed across tions and the mollifying taste of the the world. Perhaps this is the reason dark grains of heaven which blend of the wide range of varieties availwith water and milk make it a pleaable in Chai Tea. Quik Plain Tea is a very sure to behold. Tea alone offers over a unique flavor of tea dozen different types of because it is not Quik Tea Plain Tea is a teas which are completely mixed with any other product of the team’s ready to drink and come components. The true diligent efforts to bring sleekly packaged in easy taste of tea is very to you the best that the to use sachets which simdistinctly felt and famous Indian teas have ply have to be added to enjoyed in every cup on offer. Quik Tea ena cup of hot water for of Quik Tea Plain sures that the tea which a ready and delicious has been picked for you is Chai Tea. steaming cup of tea. not just the best in quality and colour, they also ensure that the attributes of the tea like All these hundreds of varieties its taste, aroma and medicinal propmake Tea the most varied drink in erties are not just maintained but the world and even though all these tastes have been introduced to people enhanced during the packaging process. Quik Tea’s easy to drink teas are everywhere, the basic and common a simple to make mix. They deliver Plain Chai Tea continues to be the best tea on people’s lips to date. Plain right to your hands exactly the right blend of tea powder, sugar and milk. tea hides its miracle in the simple With Quik Tea Plain Chai Tea as well, sweetness of the taste that it delivers. The flavors of tea melt directly in we ensure that we retain the flavors your senses, the aromas unperturbed and aromas of a cup of simple Plain Chai Tea. by the addition of any other ingredi-

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

flustered in her newly-acquired second-hand car.

Another

ear

n the Spring, happily married Gerri, a medical counselor, and Tom, a geologist, tend their allotment. They entertain Gerri’s lonely work colleague Mary, who gets very drunk, and bemoans her disastrous love life. Gerri and Tom enjoy a warm relationship with their community lawyer

son Joe, aged 30, who reports that although his friends are getting married, he is still without a partner.

In the Summer, Ken

comes down to London to spend a weekend with Gerri and Tom. Ken works in a government employment office in Hull, and is Tom’s boyhood friend from their native Derby. He gets very drunk, and bemoans his tragic, lonely life. The next day, while Gerri celebrates the sunshine at the allotment, Tom, Ken, Joe and a neighbor enjoy a game of golf. A barbeque party follows. Mary arrives late and

Starring

Writer Mike Leigh

Director Mike Leigh

Jim Broadbent, Lesley Manville, Ruth Sheen, Peter Wight,

Release Date December 29th, 2010

She is frosty towards an innocently amorous Ken, and flirtatious in an urgent and serious way towards Joe, her junior by a generation. In the Autumn, Gerri and Tom return home from the allotment to enjoy a pleasant surprise from Joe. He has hidden his new partner Katie behind a door. Katie is an occupational therapist, and Gerri and Tom like her immediately. But Mary, who has already been invited to tea, is instantly jealous and hostile towards

Katie, and behaves very rudely. Although they all sympathize with her car troubles, Mary’s behavior towards Katie leaves a bad odor with the goodnatured Gerri and Tom. In the Winter, Gerri, Tom and Joe

drive up

to Derby for the funeral of the wife of Tom’s elder brother, Ronnie. Ronnie’s aggressive, estranged son Carl arrives late at the crematorium. Back at Ronnie’s house, Carl is confrontational with his father, and with Tom and Joe; he causes other mourners to leave suddenly, and then stomps off in a rage. Gerri and Tom bring Ronnie back to London. Whilst they are at the allot-

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MOVIE ment, Mary shows up at the house unannounced, and in a fraught state.

She drinks tea and smokes cigarettes with a bemused Ronnie.

from pleased to see Mary, especially as Joe is due to arrive with Katie for a family dinner. But after Mary has broken down apologetically, Gerri invites her to stay, albeit reluctantly.

On their return, Gerri and Tom are far At the dinner table, while Gerri and Tom reminisce about the round-the-world back-packing days of their youth, and Katie and Joe look forward to their impending trip to Paris, Ronnie quietly enjoys his beer and his dinner and Mary faces the sad emptiness of her passing life.

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MOON

P URE

In Day Break (2006-2007), she portrayed Rita Shelton, the girlfriend of a detective who is framed for murder and arrested in the span of a day but continually finds himself reliving that same day. In 2007, Bloodgood starred as Livia Beale in the American science-fiction television series Journeyman on NBC.

TALENT B

She had a role in the movie Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li, which opened in February 2009. She starred as Blair Williams in Terminator Salvation, the fourth film in the Terminator series and reprised her role in the video game and the prequel series of short film Terminator Salvation: The Machinima Series.

loodgood was born Korinna Moon Bloodgood in Anaheim, California, to an American father of Dutch and Irish descent and a South Korean mother. Her father was stationed in Korea when he met her mother.

Bloodgood is a former member of the Laker Girls. In 2009, she appeared for the fourth time on Maxim’s Hot 100 list, at 20, her highest appearance. She was 99 in 2005, 53 in 2006, and 40 in 2007. 168 - H mag

Bloodgood appeared on the cover of the June 2009 issue of Maxim in a string bikini. In the Spring of 2009

she

BLOODGOOD

Written by Gelsa Nordton

HIGHLIGHTS

In 2003, Doctor Serena Kogan (Helena Bonham Carter) of Cyberdyne Systems convinces death row inmate Marcus Wright (Sam Worthington) to sign his body over for medical research following his execution by lethal injection.

One year later the Skynet system is activated, perceives humans as a threat to its own existence, and eradicates much of humanity in the event known as “Judgment Day” (as depicted in Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines).

joined the third season of the show Burn Notice in a recurring role as Detective Michelle Paxson.

She will star in TNT’s upcoming science fiction series Fallen Skies produced by Steven Spielberg.

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Written by Gelsa Nordton

MOVIE

ONG BAK T

he legend of Ong Bak 3 begins after Tien (Tony Jaa) has lost his fighting skills and his beloved stepfather at the Garuda’s Wing cliff from the raid led by Jom Rachan (Saranyu Wonggrajang). Tien is brought back to life with the help from Pim (Primrata Dechudom) as well as Mhen (Petchai Wongkamlao) and the Kana Khone villagers. Deep into the meditation taught by Phra Bua (Nirutti Sirijanya),

Ong-Bak

Tien finally is able to achieve ‘Nathayut’. His talents are put to the test again when his rivals including the Golden-Armored King’s Guard (Supakorn ‘Tok’ Kijusuwan), the mysterious killers in black, and Bhuti Sangkha (Dan Chupong) return for the final massive showdown.

Starring

Writer Evan Goldberg

Director Michel Gondry

Christoph Waltz, Cameron Diaz, Seth Rogen, Edward Furlong,

Release Date January 14th, 2011

to meet his ne’er-do-well cousin Humlae and get help in tracking down the thieves.

n Ban Nong Pradu, a rural village in northeastern Thailand, villagers covered in mud climb a tree. Ting, the village’s best athlete, grabs the flag at the top and descends, deftly avoiding the other climbers. A few days before a local celebration, a group arrive from Bangkok and ask the caretaker to sell a statue to them. They are refused.

Ting is anointed by the local monk. Though extremely skilled in muay Thai, as he demonstrates for Mao (“Uncle Drunk” in Thai), he has vowed he will not use it for personal gain. It is a poor village. All it has is an ancient Buddha image, named Ong-Bak. During the night, Ting’s Uncle stumbles into the temple. He witnesses and yells at intruders but is knocked out with a piece of wood. He awakes to find the statue’s head missing. The villagers are worried. Ting promises to recover it. The villagers help pay for his trip to Bangkok, where he is

In the city, Humlae has dyed his hair blond and calls himself George. He and his friend, Muay Lek, are streetbike racing hustlers who have fallen in with a bad crowd of yaba dealers. They find that they speak the same Isaan dialect. Humlae is at first reluctant to help Ting, but when he sees the small fortune in coins that Ting has collected from his village, Humlae takes an immediate interest. And, when Ting is in the bathroom, Humlae grabs the sack and heads for a bar on Khaosan Road where an illegal boxing match is going on. Ting tracks Humlae down, but instead of getting his money back, he ends up fighting and being named the new champion - Ting PADIU PIU after one high knee smash waylays the old champ. Ting (Tony Jaa) is ready for another

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MOVIE showdown. This makes Ting an enemy of Komtuan, a gray-haired, wheelchair-bound crimelord who needs an electrolar-

He’s been watching the fight from his private room, and losing money ynx to speak.

because Ting keeps beating his fighters. It is discovered that Ong-Bak was actually stolen by one of his henchmen, Don. Meanwhile, back in Ting’s village, there is bad luck indeed. The ground is dusty and full of cracks and all that’s left in the village well is muddy water. They need the Buddha’s head back for the drought to end and good luck to return to the village. George keeps working shady deals, with he and Muay Lek working a scam at a baccarat game in an illegal casino. Eventually, the scams

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catch up with him, and the drug dealer shows up to give George a beating. Ting ignores George’s cries for help, but when the drug dealer starts smacking Muay Lek around, Ting takes care of things. But then the drug dealer’s friends and the cheated casino boss show up and a footchase through the alleys ensues. Ting helps George escape in exchange for his assistance in helping to find Don.

That night

there is another fight at the bar. Ting is egged on by Big Bear, a vulgar Australian fighter. At first, Big Bear attempts to provoke a fight with Ting by insulting Thai people. But after Big Bear beats another Thai man and assaults a waitress, Ting takes up the fight and easily beats the hulking man. He then must fight Toshiro, a very fast and flexible Japanese fighter. His final opponent is Mad Dog, another farang, who favors the use of such objects as chairs and tables to fight with. The fight takes them up to Komtuan’s private booth.

Written by Theresa Olsen

HEALTH

WALKING

a great way to loose weight

f you are overweight, and you likely are if you are reading this article, then you likely have thought about all the different ways you can exercise and go on a diet to lose weight.

none

Of course, of these are particularly easy, but the fact remains that some are easier than others. And some are much cheaper than others. It would be of great benefit if we could identify an easy, cheap way to exercise to lose weight.

Well, you’re in luck. Simple walking, putting one foot in front of the other, is one

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of the oldest, most recognized forms of weight loss. No, it’s not the quickest, and if you are trying for Mr. or

Mrs. Olympia, then you may

need to add in some extra exercises, but for most of us, walking is a great way to not only slowly and steadily lose weight on a consistent basis, but also to keep it off as well.

Many reasons exist as to why walking is the most superior form of exercise to lose weight there is. Naturally, you don’t need any special equipment or clothes, probably the shoes you are wearing right now

to walk on your lunch break. This is so great because nearly everybody can do it. Walking during your lunch break at work is quickly becoming one of the most favorite pastimes around.

are perfectly fine.

Even then, you needn’t worry about anything. Recent studies of anatomy have shown that high tech running shoes, a boom since the mid seventies, may not be so good after all. Some will even argue that going barefoot is the best and most natural way. Of course, you want to protect your feet from glass and rusty nails, but you certainly don’t need to shell out hundreds of dollars for the latest basketball shoes.

Lots of people feel the need to have a workout partner, in order to keep them psyched up and motivated.

Another great thing about

walking to lose weight is that you can do it anywhere you want. Inside, outside, at the gym on the treadmill, down at your local park. Near where you work, there are likely some places

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SCRIPT

Written by Magda Bryson

SCRIPT

Starring

D E I

R U

et in 2006 in Iraq, Paul Conroy, a US truck driver, awakens buried alive, bound and gagged, with only a Zippo and a mobile phone. [8] Although he initially has no idea as to how he got there, he soon starts to piece together what has happened to him.[9] Gradually, Paul remembers that he and several other convoys were ambushed by insurgents, then all the other truck drivers were killed shortly before he blacked out. After finding the cellphone, Paul attempts to get into contact with his wife and his employers (who gave him a safety number if anything like this should occur) but is able only to leave a message for both of them. Paul is able to get into contact with the FBI,

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but they cut off before he can explain the situation. However, he is able to determine from the questions the FBI official asked him that he has been kidnapped. The kidnapper contacts him and demands a ransom of $5m to be released alive, but this is then lowered to $1m. Paul eventually gets into contact with his employers, who pass him onto a group set up in 2004 specifically made to find people who have been kidnapped. While the man who is trying to find Paul tells him that they

Writer Chris Sparling

Ryan Reynolds, Stephen Tobolowsky, Samantha Mathis, Robert Paterson

Director Rodrigo Cortes

are doing their best, Paul is not convinced and asks the man to name a person who they have saved before. He claims they saved a man known as Mark White three weeks ago. After a long time of trying to get help, the kidnapper forces him to make a ransom video, which he refuses to do. The kidnapper threatens to kill his family, and Paul reluctantly agrees to do the video. Shortly afterwards, there is a violent shaking in the coffin, and sand starts to leak into the coffin. He then receives a video from

Release Date October 10th, 2010

the kidnapper of a female employee he knew being shot dead, causing him to feel incredibly guilty and to vomit. The stress becomes too great and Paul momentarily considers slitting his own throat with the knife, but he stops after thinking about his family. Later on, he receives a phone call from his employers, who inform him that he was fired from his job that morning due to fraternizing with another female employee (though Paul says the relationship was strictly professional) and so if he dies, his family will not get any insurance money. The government group calls Paul and explains that some planes just bombed the area the coffin is in even

get the script

directed by Rodrigo Cortes

1 - Samantha Mathis, who plays Paul Conroyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wife, previously starred in a film where she is buried alive, called 83 Hours

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Til Dawn. 2 - Shot in 17 days in a Barcelona studio. 3 - Seven coffins were used in the movie.

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Written by Marco Galli

CULT A majority of the film was shot in Los Angeles, California standing in for Miami, Florida. This was done because production would have been endangered by protest from angry Cuban-Americans over the film’s reported subject matter. Streets and buildings used for shooting were redressed by the art directors to have the ‘feel’ of Miami.

SCARFACE A

ntonio Montana (Al Pacino), a violent and ambitious Cuban refugee, arrives in Miami, Florida during the 1980 Mariel Boatlift. He and his best friend, Manolo “Manny” Ribera (Steven Bauer), are sent to a refugee camp, but wealthy drug dealer Frank Lopez (Robert Loggia) arranges for them to obtain green cards in return for the assassination of a former Cuban government official.

Tony agrees to carry out a job for Frank’s henchman Omar Suarez (F. Murray Abraham), buying cocaine

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from Colombian dealers. Tony, Manny, and associates Angel (Pepe Serna) and Chi Chi (Ángel Salazar) drive to the deal, but the deal goes bad. When Tony refuses the Colombians’ demands, they dismember Angel with

a chainsaw. Manny and Chi Chi storm the apartment and kill the Colombians. Suspecting a set-up, Tony takes the money and cocaine to Frank personally, distrusting Omar. Frank likes Tony’s style and hires Tony and Manny as low-level enforcers. Tony develops an interest in Frank’s girlfriend, Elvi-

ra Hancock (Michelle Pfeiffer). Months later, Tony visits his mother, Georgina (Míriam Colón), and younger sister, Gina (Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio), of whom Tony is overly protective. Gina is excited to see him, but his criminal life disgusts his mother who throws him out after refusing a gift of money.

Tony and Omar go to Bolivia to talk with cocaine kingpin Alejandro Sosa (Paul Shenar). The tension between Tony

and Omar peaks when Tony tries to negotiate unauthorized terms with Sosa. Omar leaves, but Sosa requests Tony stay. As Tony and Sosa further discuss business, Sosa discloses to Tony that Omar was a police informant. Tony then witnesses Sosa’s henchmen, Alberto (Mark Margolis) and The Skull (Geno Silva), push Omar out of a helicopter and hang him by a rope. Tony goes on record stating he never liked or trusted Omar, but vouch-

es for Frank. As Sosa and Tony part ways with a business understanding, Sosa warns Tony never to betray him. Frank is infuriated over Omar’s death and Tony’s unauthorized deals, with the two ending their business relationship. Tony establishes his own operations and pursues Elvira more aggressively, eventually asking her to marry him. At a nightclub, Tony is shaken down by a Miami detective, Mel Bern s t e i n (Harris Yulin). He proposes to “tax” Tony on his trans-

There was a huge controversy in the city of Miami during the making of the film over whether the producers should be allowed to shoot in the city. The Miami Tourist Board decided not to allow filming, as they were afraid the movie would discourage tourism to Miami, particuarly as it showed Miami’s latest Cuban immigrants as gangsters and drug dealers.

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CULT actions in return for police protection and information. After Bernstein leaves, Tony sees Elvira and begins talking to her. Frank arrives, and demands that Tony leave.

hen Tony stands his ground, both Frank and Elvira leave. Tony is then distracted by the sight of Gina dancing with a drug dealer. He follows the two to a restroom stall where he berates Gina for her promiscuous conduct. He asks Manny to take her home.

the way Gina admits she is attracted to Manny. Manny wards her off, mindful of Tony’s extreme protectiveness. Meanwhile Tony is attacked and wounded by two gunmen but manages to escape, killing both in the process. Suspecting Frank sent Bernstein and the hitmen, Tony decides to pay Frank a visit. He asks Nick The Pig to call Frank at 3am, after Tony would arrive at Frank’s office, to inform him that the hit failed. Tony and Manny

find Frank with Bernstein. The phone rings as planned, with Frank confirming his involvement by playing the call off as Elvira checking on when he’ll be home. Frank begs for his life and Tony’s forgiveness before Manny kills him.

kills

Before taking the trip to NYC, a drunken Tony has dinner with Elvira and Manny. Tony tells Manny that he has busi-

Tony then B e r n s t e i n . Tony then takes over Frank’s empire, marries Elvira, and becomes increasingly wealthy, with Manny as his second-in-command.

owever, in time, cracks in Tony’s operation begin to form as both he and Elvira become addicted to cocaine and drift apart, and Tony’s increasing paranoia begins to take a toll on his friendship with Manny. Police pose as money launderers to set up Tony and charge him with money laundering and tax evasion. Tony is arrested, but makes bail. Tony’s lawyer lets him know there will be a huge fine and jail time. Learning of the sting, Sosa offers Tony quid pro quo: Sosa will use his government connections to keep Tony out of jail, but Tony must fly to New York City with Sosa’s man Alberto to help assassinate a Bolivian journalist intent on exposing Sosa during a speech

panied in the car by his wife and children, Tony tries to call off the operation. Alberto states that Sosa’s explicit instructions are to tail the journalist and blow up his car in front of the United Nations building, and refuses to call off the hit. Before Alberto can detonate the bomb, Tony shoots him in the head. Furious, Sosa calls Tony later that evening, and after a heated exchange, Sosa reminds Tony of their first conversation. Manny and Gina go missing.

who

Brian De Palma liked the script so much that he dropped out of directing Flashdance to direct this film.

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to the United Nations. Tony agrees.

ness in NYC and Manny must stay behind and “run things”, much to Manny’s dissatisfaction. Tony then turns his attention to Elvira, who has not touched her meal. This begins a violent exchange between Tony and Elvira in the restaurant. Elvira storms out, proclaiming they are now “losers”, and leaves Tony for good. Tony arrives in NYC with Chi Chi, Ernie, and Alberto. They stake out the journalist’s apartment and Alberto wires the journalists’ car with a remote bomb. The next morning, upon seeing the journalist accom-

Tony visits his mother, is upset over Gina’s new “corrupted” life. She followed Gina to a house in Coconut Grove, and gives Tony the address to investigate. When Manny opens the door, Tony sees Gina descend the steps in a nightgown. Tony fatally shoots Manny in a fit of anger. Gina reveals the two had just married. Tony and his men take a hysterical Gina back to Tony’s mansion.

Tony sits in his office, snorting a huge pile of cocaine, distraught at killing his only friend, a large group of heavily armed men sent by Sosa surround the mansion. At this point, a heavily-drugged Gina enters Tony’s office in a nightgown with a gun. She accuses Tony of being possessive and jealous, before shooting him in the leg. At this point one of Sosa’s gunmen enters the room and kills Gina.

Tony kills the gunH mag - 187

CULT launches wildly, killing dozens before forced to take cover, screaming “Say Hello to my little friend”. He eventually loses his weapon and while taking multiple bullets, proceeds to verbally abuse them, until finally brought down from behind by a shotgun blast from “The Skull”. Tony’s body falls into a pool and floats in front of his statue that reads

This film has been an influence on hip-hop culture and rap music since the late 1980s. The Houston-area rap group The Geto Boys sampled several lines into their rap songs, and one rapper (Brad Jordan aka Scarface, now the CEO of Def Jam South) in the group took the name of this film as his stage name. Many rappers, including Sean ‘P. Diddy’ Combs claim this is their favorite film.

man and upon seeing Gina’s corpse, loses control. In a cocainefueled rage, Tony makes his last stand. With an automatic weapon fitted with a grenade launcher he shoots and

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“The World Is Yours”.

hind to Steven Bauer and told him, “You guys are great – but be prepared, because they’re going to hate it in Hollywood ... because it’s about them”.

Scarface, upon its first release, drew controversy regarding the violence and graphic language in

from

movie

Despite this, the film grossed $65 million worldwide, and has since gathered a large following. On the two-disc Special Edition, the film’s producer, Martin Bregman, said that the film was well received by only one notable critic, Vincent Canby of The New York Times. However, Roger Ebert rated it four stars out of four in his 1983 review and he later added it to his “Great Movies” list.

Premiere

carface held its premiere on December 1, 1983 in New York City where it was initially greeted with mixed reaction. Among those in attendance were the film’s two stars, Al Pacino and Steven Bauer, as well as Burt and Diane Lane, Melanie Griffith, Raquel Welch, Joan Collins; her then-boyfriend Peter Holm and Eddie Murphy among others. According to AMC’s “DVD TV: Much More Movie” airing, Cher loved it, Lucille Ball, who came with her family, hated it because of the graphic violence and language, and Dustin Hoffman was said to have fallen asleep. Writers Kurt Vonnegut and John Irving were among those who allegedly walked out in disgust after the notorious “chainsaw” scene.

Steven Spielberg visited the set and helped to direct one shot. It is a brief shot of the Bolivians in the final shootout at Tony’s mansion.

At the middle of the film, Martin Scorsese turned be-

the film, and received many negative reviews

critics.

Rating

carface was given an X rating three times (original, second, and third cuts) for extreme violence, frequent strong language and hard drug usage. Director Brian De Palma pulled in a panel of experts, including real narcotics officers, who stated that the film was an accurate portrayal of the real-life drug underworld and should be widely seen. This convinced the 20 members of the ratings board to give the third cut an “R” rating by a vote of 18 to 2. DePalma later asked the stu-

dio he could release the original director’s cut, but was told that he could not. However, since the studio executives did not know the differences between the three submitted cuts, DePalma released the di-

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CULT

According to the “scorecard” feature on the Platinum Edition DVD, the word “fuck” and its derivatives are used 226 times for an average of 1.32 fucks per minute.

rector’s cut to theaters anyway with an unapproved “R”.

he TV version of Scarface premiered on ABC on October 25, 1987. 32 minutes were edited out, and a lot of the dialog, including the constant use of the word “fuck” was changed. In addition, aside from being heavily cut for content and time, the following scenes were added in order to make up for anything that was cut: • An extra Freedom Town scene, in which Tony is in a phone booth trying to call a young girl (presumably Gina), and then watches television with Manny and Chi Chi.

Babylon Club

•

At the

, before Frank points to Tony El Gordo, he points to him Louis and Miguel Echevierra.

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When director Brian De Palma submitted the film to the MPAA they gave it an “X rating”. He then made some cuts and resubmitted it a second time; again the film was given an “X rating” (one of the reasons apparently being that Octavio the clown was shot too many times). He yet again made some further cuts and submitted it a third time; yet again it was given an “X”. De Palma refused to cut the film any further to qualify it for an R. He and producer Martin Bregman arranged a hearing with the MPAA. They brought in a panel of experts, including real narcotics officers, who stated that the film was an accurate portrayal of real life in the drug underworld and should be widely seen. This convinced the 20 members of the ratings board to give the third submitted cut of the film an “R rating” by a vote of 18-2. However De Palma surmised that if the third cut of the film was judged an “R” than the very first cut should have been an “R” as well. He asked the studio if he could release the first cut but was told that he couldn’t. However since the Studio execs really didn’t know the differences between the different cuts that had been submitted, De Palma released the first cut of the film to theaters anyway. It wasn’t until the film had been released on videocassette months later that he confessed that he had released his first unedited and intended version of the film. H mag - 191

Written by Marco Galli

MOTORS

Toyota

SEMA in 2009. The TX had been displayed there to gauge opinion, which was so positive that the end result is the truck you see here.

TAKOMA

T|X Pro Double Cab 4x4

t’s easy to ooh and aah over the custom trucks on the show floor at the Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA) show. Your first thought is, “Wow, it would be really cool to add those aftermarket mods to my truck.” But then reality sets in.

It created the T|X and T|X Pro, two new trim levels for its Tacoma. The T|X and T|X Pro came out of positive feedback from a concept Toyota Taco-

display at the show, it would cost tens of thousands of dollars, and would most likely reduce your truck’s work capability.

To make your daily driver as cool-looking as the trucks on

Toyota has combined some of its performance packages, making them easier to buy on one pickup. Instead of bringing your ride in and having the exhaust, wheels, and tires added on, or ordering a truck with the individual components you want, you can get a Tacoma with all the goodies already in place. Not only does this eliminate the time needed to go from shop to shop to get the various

ma, called the TX Package, shown at

Toyota decided that for 2011, one of the things it wanted to do was bridge

SEMA

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2011 Toyota Tacoma TX Double Cab 4X4 Rear Three Quarters Driver Click to view Gallery The idea behind the new trucks is that

that gap between irrationality and pickup truck capability.

items ordered and installed, but it can also save significant amounts of money. It’s only available with the V-6 on either the Access Cab or Double Cab, and 4x4 or PreRunner, and are lowvolume models.

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Written by Martina Galli

STUFF Rumer Willis poses for star-heavy Badgley NEW YORK – Rumer Willis, the eldest daughter of Demi Moore and Bruce Willis, is turning her years growing up in front of the camera into career experience: Fashion house Badgley Mischka is choosing her as its newest spokesmodel. Parent company Iconix Brand Group said Thursday that the 22-year-old will star in the spring ad campaigns for the high-end Badgley Mischka collection, the contemporary Mark & James label, footwear, handbags and swimwear. Willis is known for an edgy style. Designers Mark Badgley and James Mischka describe her as “glamorous, youthful and fun.” Previous models for the celebrity-heavy brand include Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, Sharon Stone and Eva Longoria.

Vera Wang Pre-Fall: Prep Rally for the Glam SquadMischka New York – Shoppers may have only recently cemented their purchases for the current season’s cold weather wardrobes, but fashion designers in New York already have next fall’s styles on their minds, and in their showrooms, as they presented Pre-Fall collections to buyers and editors this month. With customers and retail stores demanding more and more new items, designers like Vera Wang, who showed her Pre-Fall 2011 collection on Monday, Dec. 13, have found themselves on an unrelenting cycle that has them thinking about everything from weave patterns on hosiery to rendering complicated pleats for production nearly a year ahead of when anyone will actually be wearing the garments. “I’m going down to work on hosiery right after this,” said Wang.

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STUFF

UK fashion council honors model Naomi Campbell LONDON – Supermodel Naomi Campbell has been awarded a prize by the British Fashion Council in recognition of her influence on the fashion industry over the past 25 years. The council says Campbell has been a “hugely influential ambassador for British fashion.” The star-studded awards ceremony at London’s Savoy Hotel Tuesday opened with a film paying tribute to the late designer Alexander McQueen. The four-time winner of the council’s Designer of the Year prize, who took his own life in February, was given an award in honor of his career and his contribution to the global fashion industry. Phoebe Philo, the creative director of Celine, was awarded Designer of the Year 2010. She was competing for the best designer prize against Christopher Kane and Erdem.

Lagerfeld undresses Greek gods for Pirelli calendar MOSCOW (AFP) – Fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld described himself as a “visual version of Homer” Tuesday as he visited Moscow to present his Greekthemed photographs for the Pirelli calendar, famed for its nudes. The German designer for Chanel and Fendi fashion houses wore his trademark uniform of white pony tail and dark suit with white shirt, complete with dark glasses, for a presentation at a central Moscow hotel. For the calendar, he dressed models including Hollywood actress Julianne Moore in gold laurel wreathes and gold body paint, while the four male models wore metallic gold codpieces.

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STUFF

BEAUTY INSIDER: CLEAN; SMOKY “Our inspiration for this shoot was Brigitte Bardot, the epitome of French beauty and glamour,” our monthly columnist, celeb makeup artist Kerry Malouf said about the shoot she did makeup for, which resulted in the stunning photo above. Bummy, the photographer, handpicked his team: makeup by Malouf; hair by Anton David; and styling by Lauren Matocha. It was a trio to be reckoned with, that’s for sure. Just look at the photo for evidence of head-turning glam. Malouf continued, “We were all equally passionate about creating beautiful, sexy pictures and that we did. Our model was an amazing canvas to start with, so painting her face was a gift! I started by hydrating her skin with Sebbag’s Essential Moroccan Oil as a moisturizer, which leaves the skin feeling hydrated yet not greasy. This secret is one you must try!” Another amazing secret Malouf was introduced to on the shoot is the chemical-free makeup line called Vapour Organic Beauty. “Vapour is a revolutionary concept in beauty,” Malouf revealed. “It’s antioxidant skin care and cosmetics working as one to create glowing, healthy skin and a more beautiful you, which is always music to my ears! After trying the actual products, I am hooked.” Malouf evened out the model’s “gift” of a face by using Atmosphere Luminous Foundation which moves and breathes with the skin, reflecting light to create a youthful glow. She then used Illusionist Concealer “precisely where needed for extra coverage. This concealer is amazing! It effortlessly covers dark circles and blemishes and provides excellent coverage, but never deposits unevenly and does not clog pores,” raved Malouf. And trust us. She knows what she is talking about; that’s why she is our resident makeup artist columnist! “I colored her cheeks with Torch Aura Multi-Use Blush Stick,” Malouf continued. “It gave a gorgeous glow to her cheeks.

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GOOD

Written by Marco Galli

DVD

* Release Date: January 4th, 2011 * Runtime: 2 hours 10 minutes * Studio: Sony Pictures * UPC: 043396361683 * Production Year: 2011

ther, which she later finds out, along with Sam and Min, is 15 million dollars.

She is informed

that there is a requirement in her grandfather’s will, which says that the only way the money will go to her is if she is still married

Howard

to . They inform her that in this state, divorce is not final until a year from when the papers are signed and Janet got

NEIGHBOR L

emmon plays Sam Bissell, a hard-working family man, who is in advertising, with two young daughters and a loving beautiful wife, Min (Dorothy Provine). Two simultaneous happenings occur to spark insanity in Sam’s life and the people around him: * 1. An extremely important and very old-fashioned client (Edward G. Robinson) of his company is considering taking his business elsewhere after it seems there are no “family men” working at Sam’s company. The boss, Mr. Burke (Edward Andrews), is told by Sam’s neighbor and friend Earl (Robert Q. Lewis) that Sam is just the man he is looking for. The client, Simon Nurdlinger (Robinson), is delighted by Sam and agrees to do business with him and the company. Sam feels his career is now on the

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M A

way up and he goes home to his wife, with champagne, to celebrate.

There, he meets her friend, sexy

brunette Janet (Romy Schneider) and they all have dinner together to celebrate his promotion and Janet moving in next door. * 2. Min’s best friend Janet Lagerlof, a beautiful French woman, is recently divorced her husband Howard (Mike Connors) and is happier than ever. She is moving in next door to the Bissels and has also come into a large inheritance from her grandfa-

divorced only months ago. Therefore, simply hiding the marital separation from her cousins Irene (Anne Seymour) and Jack (Charles Lane), who are the benefactors of the clause, will do the trick and get her the money.

Soon after Janet is informed about her grandfather’s will, her cousins show up. Sam, who was helping Janet move in, must pretend to be Janet’s husband Howard. They are fairly convincing and the cousins leave the house, but wait in their car across the street, still suspicious. To make it look good, Janet offers to drive Sam to work. They explain everything to Min and go along. With 15 million dollars at stake, Irene and Jack won’t quit and follow them. To make it look convincing, Sam and Ja-

net kiss before he exits the car to go to work. Watching them, however, are Sam’s boss and his new client, Mr. Nurdlinger.

Not

wanting Nurdlinger to think of him as a non-family man, Sam must pretend to him too that Janet is his beloved wife. From there mayhem ensues when the cousins hire a PI (Louis Nye), Janet’s husband (Mike Connors) comes back into the picture and jealousy and lust erupts, with good neighbor Sam stuck right in the middle.

This film contains satire of American advertising, such as the advertising firm being known as Burke and Hare. Included is the making of a famous Hertz Rent a Car commercial. A man flying down into the seat of a moving convertible to the famous tune of Let Hertz Put you in the drivers seat.

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Written by Marco Galli

TV Cable network and Steven Segal lose round in lawsuit A&E Networks and Steven Seagal have suffered a setback in the multimillion dollar idea-theft lawsuit over Seagal’s hit reality show “Steven Seagal: Lawman.” A Los Angeles judge has denied A&E and Seagal’s efforts to dismiss key claims on summary judgment. Principals of a company called Idea Factory met with Seagal back in 2007 and pitched the idea of a reality show about the action star.

They also took the pitch to A&E, where the idea was allegedly first broached about focusing a show on Seagal’s work in his spare time with the Jefferson Parish Sherrif’s department. But the pitches never went any-

where. Then litigation erupted in August 2009, just before the premiere of A&E’s “Lawman,” which Idea Factory claimed in a multi-million dollar lawsuit is ripped off from its idea.

The lawsuit against A&E and

Seagal argued that there was a deal with Seagal to do the show with Idea Factory and an implied contract with A&E for Idea Factory to produce any Seagal program (and get executive producer fees, production rental fees and participation in revenue from

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the show, etc). Lawyers for A&E and Seagal claim the suit should be dismissed because, among other reasons, there was no deal with Seagal to participate in the Idea Factory show, and Idea Factory’s idea for a Seagal show wasn’t novel. But in several rulings on summary judgment motions issued this week, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Gregory Alarcon refused to accept A&E’s and Seagal’s arguments. “Because there appears to be facts showing that the material terms of the agreement were decided, there’s a triable issue of fact as to whether an oral agreement existed,” the court ruled in denying key claims in Seagal’s motion. In addition, it ruled that A&E “has not established any facts to prevent a reasonable trier of fact from finding plaintiff’s idea as being ‘novel.’” ICM and agent Nick Reed, who repped Seagal at the time, fared better with the judge. The agency’s motions for summary judgment were granted.

The judge also found that the im-

plied contract claim is not pre-empted by federal copyright law, which means a lot to lawyers contemplating bringing these kinds of stolen-idea claims in state court (rather than

The Discovery Network show that turns a New York City cab ride into an instant game show is launching a spinoff version based in Chicago next spring. Comic Beth Melewski, a “Second City” cast

member, will be behind the wheel. The expansion comes after a triumphant year for “Cash Cab.” The series, itself a remake of a British TV’s similar game based in London, won its second Daytime Emmy award for best game show. Ben Bailey won his first Emmy as best host. The idea for the Chicago version came when Bailey did a handful of tapings in Las Vegas, some that included entertainers such as Carrot Top playing

Discovery launching Chicago version of `Cash Cab’ for charity, and Discovery recognized how a new city with new people and new sites could give “Cash Cab” an entirely different feel, said Clark Bunting, Discovery’s CEO. Bunting is from Michigan, and he wanted to get the Midwest involved. Chicago, a city similar to New York with many cabs, seemed like it could work in a way that Los Angeles, for example, couldn’t since there’s relatively little cab use. Melewski had the combination of smarts and knowledge of her city to work well in the cab, he said.

“Beth feels real-deal Chicago,” he said. “You’ve got to have,

for these shows at least, a feel for the city.” He doesn’t expect expansion beyond these two cities in the United States, Bunting said. Other “Cash Cab” versions air in Canada, Japan and Australia.

The Chicago shows will begin airing within the two-hour block of four “Cash Cab” episodes that Discovery airs from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. Eastern time, probably after the broadcast networks end their season in May. Bailey has been taping fresh New York episodes that will begin airing earlier. He’s already made more than 200 since the game began in 2005. The double Emmy win, a cameo taking Tracy Morgan for a ride on “30 Rock,” and a taping of Oprah Winfreythemed questions that will air Dec. 28 on the daytime queen’s program illustrate how “Cash Cab” has made a dent in popular culture. A game show on four wheels is able to compete creatively with longtime studio favorites “Jeopardy!” and “Wheel of Fortune.”

“It was pretty awesome,” Bai-

ley said, sitting in his taxi during a recent break in taping. “It’s everything that people thought it would be. It’s validation and credit for hard work.

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TV Anderson Cooper’s new TV talk show adds stations LOS ANGELES (Hollywood Reporter) – Local affiliate stations from around the country are giving the thumbs-up to a syndicated daily talk show with CNN news anchor Anderson Cooper.

In the past 10 days, some 40 stations have inked for “Anderson” for their schedules this fall, making the New York-based show a firm go for the upcoming season. They come on the heels of launch clearances with Tribune’s WPIX in New York and Fox outlets in L.A., Chicago and Boston. The show is being pitched as stylistically like the smart, provocative talk once provided by Phil Donahue but emotionally more like what Oprah Winfrey delivers. (Winfrey exits syndication after the current season to launch her cable channel, OWN: The Oprah Winfrey Network.) Key stations that have signed up include KTVU (San Francisco), WXIA (Atlanta), WDIV (Detroit), KPHO (Phoenix), WFTS (Tampa, Fla.), KTVD/KUSA (Denver), WOIO (Cleveland), KDNL (St. Louis) and WPXI (Pittsburgh).

Altogether

, as the TV biz gears up for the TV industry’s annual NATPE trade show in Miami (January 24-26), “Anderson” will come to town with at least 80 stations cleared, representing 70% of the country. Like gabbers Winfrey and Donahue, Cooper will target women looking to be informed and entertained, gain perspective and stay connected to the world around them. He previously told The Hollywood Reporter that the show would not track hard news as he does on CNN but rather would focus on water-cooler topics -- the big celebrity interview one day, the personal story behind the headlines the next. There also will be undercover investigations and hidden-camera experiments. Cooper also said interactivity would be emphasized in order to involve viewers at home as well as those in the studio audience.

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Written by Marco Galli

TRAVEL

NORTH

COREA

n August 1945, the Soviet Army established a Soviet Civil Authority to rule the country until a domestic regime, friendly to the USSR, could be established.

The country was governed by the Provisional People’s Committee for North Korea through 1948. After the Soviet forces’ departure in 1948, the main agenda in the following years was unification of Korea from both sides until the consolidation of Syngman Rhee regime

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in the South with American military support and the suppression of the October 1948 insurrection ended hopes that the country could be reunified by way of Communist revolution in the South. In 1949, a military intervention into South Korea was considered by Kim Il-sung, but failed to receive support from the Soviet Union, which had played a key role in the establishment of the country.

withdrawal

The of most United States forces from the South in June dramatically weakened the Southern regime and encouraged Kim Il-sung to re-think an invasion plan against the South. The idea itself was first rejected by Joseph Stalin but with the development of Soviet nuclear weapons, Mao Zedong’s victory in China and the Chinese indication that it would send troops and other support to North Korea, Stalin approved an invasion which led to the Korean War.

Korean War The Korean War was a war between North Korea and South Korea with major hostilities beginning on June 25, 1950, ending with an armistice signed on July 27, 1953. The conflict arose from the division of Korea by the UN and the attempts of the two Korean powers to reunify Korea under their respective governments.

The division led

to full scale civil war with a cost of more than 2 million civilians and soldiers from both sides. The period immediately before the war was marked by escalating border conflicts at the 38th parallel and attempts to negotiate elections for the entirety of Korea.

These negotiations ended when the military of North Korea invaded the South on June 25, 1950. Under the aegis of the United Nations, nations allied with the United States intervened on behalf of South Korea. After rapid advances in a South Korean counterattack, North-allied Chinese forces intervened on behalf of North Korea, shifting the balance of the war and ultimately leading to an armistice that approximately restored the original boundaries between North and South Korea.

While some have referred to the conflict as a civil war, there were many other factors at play. The Korean War was also the first armed confrontation of the Cold War and set the standard for many later conflicts. It created the idea of a proxy war, where the two superpowers would fight in another country, forcing the people in that nation to suffer the bulk of the destruction and death involved in a war between such large nations. The superpowers avoided descending into an all-out war with one another, as well as the mutual use of nuclear weapons. It also expanded the Cold War, which to that point had mostly been concerned with Europe. A heavily guarded demilitarized zone on the 38th parallel continues to divide the peninsula today with antiCommunist and anti-North Korea sentiment still remaining in South Korea.

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Since

the South having transithe Armistice in 1953, the tioned to liberal democrelations between the North Korean racy, the success of the government and South Korea, the European Union, Canada, the UnitNordpolitik policy, and ed States, and Japan have remained power in the North havtense and hostile incidents occur freing been taken up by Kim quently. Il-sung’s son Kim JongBoth North and South Korea signed the June 15th North-South Joint Dec- il, the two nations began laration in 2000, in which both sides to engage publicly for the made promises to seek out a peaceful first time, with the South reunification. Additionally, on Octodeclaring its Sunshine ber 4, 2007, the leaders of North and Policy. South Korea pledged to hold summit talks to officially declare the war over and reaffirmed the principle of mutual non-aggression.

relative peace

The between the south and the north

was punctuated by border skirmishes and assassination attempts. The North failed in several assassination attempts on South Korean leaders, most notably in 1968, 1974 and the Rangoon bombing in 1983; tunnels were frequently found under the DMZ and war nearly broke out over the Axe Murder Incident at Panmunjeom in 1976. In 1973, extremely secret, high-level contacts began to be conducted through the offices of

Red Cross

the , but ended after the Panmunjeom incident with little progress having been made and the idea that the two Koreas would join international organisations separately.

In the late 1990s, with

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In 2002, United States president George W. Bush labeled North Korea part of an “axis of evil” and an “outpost of tyranny”. The highestlevel contact the government has had with the United States was with U.S. Secretary of State

Madeleine

Albright, who made a visit

to Pyongyang in 2000, but the two countries do not have formal diplomatic relations. By 2006, approximately 37,000 American soldiers remained in South Korea, although by June 2009 this number had fallen to around 30,000. Kim Jong-il has privately stated his acceptance of U.S. troops on the peninsula, even after a possible reunification. Publicly, North Korea strongly demands the removal of American troops from Korea. On June 13, 2009, the Associated Press reported that in response to new UN sanctions, North Korea declared it would progress with its uranium enrichment program. This

marked the first time the DPRK has publicly acknowledged that it is conducting a uranium enrichment program. In August 2009, former US president Bill Clinton met with Kim Jong-il to secure the release of 2 US journalists, who had been sentenced for entering the country illegally. Current U.S. President Barack Obama’s position towards North Korea has been to remain calm in the face of North Korea’s provocations while resisting making deals with North Korea merely for the sake of defusing tension, a policy known as “strategic patience.” On November 23, 2010, North Korea fired about 170 rounds of artillery on Yeonpyeong Island and the surrounding waters near the Yellow Sea border, with some 90 shells landing on the island. The attack resulted in the deaths of two South Korean marines and two civilians.

Fifteen

marines and at least three

civilians were wounded. North Korean news sources alleged that the North Korean actions, described as “a prompt and powerful physical strike”, were in response to provocation from South Korea, alleging that South Korea fired “dozens of shells inside its territorial waters”. Former US President Jimmy Carter made a call for a peaceful solution of this crisis.

Geography

North Korea occupies the north-

ern portion of the Korean Peninsula, covering an area of 120,540

square kilometres (46,541 sq mi). North Korea shares land borders with People’s Republic of China and Russia to the north, and borders South Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. To its west are the Yellow Sea and Korea Bay, and to its east lies Japan across the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea). The highest point in North Korea is Paektu-san Mountain at 2,744 metres (9,003 ft). The longest river is the Amnok River which flows for 790 kilometres (491 mi).

The capital

and largest city is Pyongyang; other major cities include Kaesong in the south, Sinuiju in the northwest, Wonsan and Hamhung in the east and Chongjin in the northeast.

Early European visitors to Korea remarked that the country resembled “a sea in a heavy gale” because of the many successive mountain ranges that crisscross the peninsula. Some 80% of North Korea is composed of mountains and uplands, separated by deep and narrow valleys, with all of the peninsula’s mountains with elevations of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) or more located in North Korea. The coastal plains are wide in the west and discontinuous in the east. A great majority of the population lives in the plains and lowlands.

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TRAVEL The highest point in North Korea is Baekdu Mountain which is a volcanic mountain near the Chinese border with basalt lava plateau with elevations between 1,400 and 2,000 metres (4,600 and 6,600 ft) above sea level. The Hamgyong Range, located in the extreme northeastern part of the peninsula, has many high peaks including Gwanmosan at approximately 1,756 m (5,761 ft). Other major ranges include the Rangrim Mountains, which are located in the north-central part of North Korea and run in a north-south direction, making communication between the eastern and western parts of the country rather difficult; and

weather is likely to be particularly harsh in the northern, mountainous regions.

the Kangnam Range, which runs along the North Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;China border. Geumgangsan, often written Mt Kumgang, or Diamond Mountain, (approximately 1,638 metres or 5,374 ft) in the Taebaek Range, which extends into South Korea, is famous for its scenic beauty. For the most part, the plains are small. The most extensive are the

Chaeryong

Pyongyang and plains, each covering about 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi). Because the mountains on the east coast drop abruptly to the sea, the plains are even smaller there than on the west coast. Unlike neighboring Japan or northern China, North Korea experiences few severe earthquakes.

orth Korea has a continental climate with four distinct seasons.[52] Long winters bring bitter cold and clear weather interspersed with snow storms as a result of northern and northwestern winds that blow from Siberia. Average snowfall is 37 days during the winter. The

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Summer tends to be short, hot, humid, and rainy because of the southern and southeastern monsoon winds that bring moist air from the Pacific Ocean. Typhoons affect the peninsula on an average of at least once every summer. Spring and autumn are transitional seasons marked by mild temperatures and variable winds and bring the most pleasant weather. Natural hazards include late spring droughts which often are followed by severe flooding. There are occasional typhoons during the early fall. North Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s climate is relatively temperate. Most of the country is classified as type Dwa in the KĂśppen climate classification scheme, with warm summers and cold, dry winters. In summer there is a short rainy season called changma. On August 7, 2007, the most devastating floods in 40 years caused the North Korean government to ask for international help. NGOs, such as the Red Cross, asked people to raise funds because they feared a humanitarian catastrophe.

Culture

orth Korea shares its traditional culture with

South Korea, but the two Koreas have developed distinct contemporary forms of culture since the peninsula was divided in 1945. Historically, while the culture of Korea has been influenced by that of neighbouring China, it has nevertheless managed to develop a unique and distinct cultural identity from its larger neighbour.

Literature and arts in North Korea are state-controlled, mostly through the Propaganda and Agitation Department or the Culture and H mag - 217

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Arts Department of the Central Committee of the KWP.

Korean culture came under attack during the Japanese rule from 1910 to 1945. Japan enforced a cultural assimilation policy. During the Japanese rule, Koreans were encouraged to learn and speak Japanese, adopt the Japanese family name system and Shinto religion, and forbidden to write or speak the Korean language in schools, businesses, or public places. In addition, the Japanese altered or destroyed various Korean monuments including Gyeongbok Palace and documents which portrayed the Japanese in a negative light were revised. In July 2004, the Complex of Goguryeo Tombs became the first site in the country to be included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.

In February 2008, The New York Philharmonic Orchestra became the first US orchestra to perform in North Korea, albeit for a handpicked “invited audience.” The concert was broadcast on national television. The American Christian band Casting Crowns were previously invited to perform at the annual Spring Friendship

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Arts Festival in April 2007, held in Pyongyang.

Kumsusan Memorial Palace in central Pyongyang.

A popular event in North Korea is the Mass Games. The most recent and largest Mass Games was called “Arirang”.

Although the office of the president is ceremonially held by the deceased Kim Il-sung, the de facto head of state is Kim Jongil, who is Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea. The legislature of North Korea is the Supreme People’s Assembly, currently led by President Kim Yong-nam. The other senior government figure is Premier Choe Yong-rim.

It was performed six nights a week for two months, and involved over 100,000 performers. Attendees to this event in recent years report that the anti-West sentiments have been toned down compared to previous performances. The Mass Games involve performances of dance, gymnastics, and choreographic routines which celebrate the history of North Korea and the Workers’ Party Revolution. The Mass Games are held in Pyongyang at various venues (varying according to the scale of the Games in a particular year) including the Rungrado May Day Stadium, which is the largest stadium in the world with a capacity of 150,000 people.

the Workers’ Party of Korea and two other smaller parties, the Korean Social Democratic Party and the Chondoist Chongu Party. These parties nominate all candidates for office and hold all seats in the Supreme People’s Assembly.

In June 2009,

Politics

it was reported in South Korean media that intelligence indicates the country’s next leader will be Kim Jong-un, the youngest of Kim Jong-il’s three sons.

North Korea is a self-described

Juche (self-reliant) state, described by some observers as a “hereditary dictatorship” with a pronounced cult of personality organized around Kim Il-sung (the founder of North Korea and the country’s only president) and his son and heir, Kim Jong-il. Following Kim Il-sung’s death in 1994, he was not replaced but instead received the designation of “Eternal President”, and was entombed in the vast

The structure of the government is described in the Constitution of North Korea. It is a single-party state. The governing party is the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland, a coalition of

has long maintained close relaNorth Korea

tions with the People’s Republic of China and Russia. The fall of commu-

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TRAVEL ture of World War II vintage vehicles and small arms, widely proliferated Cold War technology, and more modern Soviet or locally produced weapons.

Economy

orth Korea has an industrialised, near-autarkic, highly centralized command economy. Of the five remaining Communist states in the world, North Korea is one of only two (along with Cuba) with an almost entirely governmentplanned, state-owned economy.

In line with its asymetric warfare strategy, North Korea has also developed a wide range of unconventional The Central Planning Committechniques and equiptee prepares, supervises and implement, such as GPS jam- ments economic plans, while a General Bureau of Provincial Industry mers, stealth paint, in each region is responsible for the midget submarines and management of local manufacturing human torpedoes, a vast facilities, production, resource allocation and sales. array of chemical and biological weapons, and North Korea’s isolation policy means anti-personnel lasers. that international trade is highly restricted. North Korea passed a law in According to official 1984 allowing for foreign investment North Korean media, mil- through joint ventures, but failed to itary expenditures for attract any significant investment. In it established the Rason Eco2010 amount to 15.8 per 1991, nomic Special Zone, in an attempt to cent of the state bud- attract foreign investment from China and Russia. Chinese and Russian get. companies have purchased rights to

North Korea has active nuclear and ballistic missile weapons programs and has been subject to United Nations Security Council resolutions 1695 of July 2006, 1718 of October 2006, and 1874 of June 2009, for carrying out both missile and nuclear tests. North Korea probably has fissile material for up to 9 nuclear weapons, and has the capability to deploy nuclear warheads on intermediaterange ballistic missiles.

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use the ports at Rason. Chinese investors are renovating a road from Rason to China, and Russian railway workers are renovating the railway from Rason to Russia, from where it continues onto the Trans-Siberian Railway.

Until 1998

, the United Nations published HDI and

GDP per capita figures for North Korea, which stood at a medium level of human development at 0.766 (ranked 75th) and a GDP per capita of $4,058. The average salary is about $47 per month. Despite substantial economic problems, quality of life is improving and wages are rising steadily. Smallscale private markets, known as janmadang, exist throughout the country and provide the population with imported food and commodities ranging from cosmetics to motorcycles in exchange for money. In 2009, the government carried out a currency redenomination with the aim to curb free market activity across the country, but the attempt failed, causing inflation rates to skyrocket, and eventually led to the lifting of the ban on free

market trade. Food rations, housing, healthcare, and education are offered from the state for free, and the payment of taxes has been abolished since April 1, 1974. In order to increase productivity from agriculture and industry, since the 1960s the North Korean government has introduced a number of management systems such as the Taean work system. In the 21st century, North Korea’s GDP growth has been slow but steady, although in recent years, growth has gradually accelerated to 3.7 in 2008, the fastest pace in almost a decade, largely due to a sharp growth of 8.2 in the agricultural sector.

Tourism Tourism in North Korea is organized by the state owned Korea International Travel Company. Every group of travelers as well as individual touristsvisitors is permanently accompanied by one or two “guides” who normally speak the mother language of the tourist. While tourism has increased over the last few years, tourists from Western countries remain few. The majority of the tourists who visit come from China, Russia, and Japan. Russian citizens from the Asian part of Russia prefer North Korea as a tourist destination due to the relatively low prices,

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Media The media of North Korea are under one of the most strict government controls in the world. The North Korean constitution pro-

freedom of speech and the press; however, the governvides for

ment prohibits the exercise of these rights in practice. In its 2010 report, Reporters Without Borders ranked the freedom of the press in North Korea as 177th out of 178, above only that of Eritrea. Only news that favors the regime is permitted, while news that covers the economic and political problems in the country, or criticisms of the regime from abroad, is not allowed. The media upholds the personality cult of Kim Jong-il, regularly reporting on his daily activities. The main news provider to media in the DPRK is the Korean Central News Agency.

North Korea has 12 principal newspapers and 20 major periodicals, all of varying periodicity and all published in Pyongyang. Newspapers include the Rodong Sinmun, Joson Inmingun, Minju Choson, and Rodongja Sinmum. No private press exists.

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the government sponsors religious groups only to create an illusion of religious freedom. According to Religious Intelligence the situation of religion in North Korea is the following:

Language

orth Korea shares the Korean language with South Korea. There are dialect differences within both Koreas, but the border between North and South does not represent a major linguistic boundary. While prevalent in the South, the adoption of modern terms from foreign languages has been limited in North Korea. Hanja (Chinese characters) are no longer used in North Korea, although still occasionally used in South Korea. Both Koreas share the phonetic writing system called Chosongul in the north and Hangul south of the DMZ. The official Romanization differs in the two countries, with North Korea using a slightly modified McCuneReischauer system, and the South using the Revised Romanization of Korean.

religion, the majority of the North Korean population could be characterized as irreligious. However the majority are defined as religious from a sociological viewpoint and the cultural influence of such traditional religions as Buddhism and Confucianism still have an effect on North Korean spiritual life.

The North Korean

Nevertheless, Buddhists in North Korea reportedly fare better than other religious groups, particularly Christians, who are said to face persecution by the authorities. Buddhists are given limited funding by the government to promote the religion, because Buddhism played an integral role in traditional Korean culture.

freedom of religion is permitted. According to the Western standards of

According to Human Rights Watch, free religious activities no longer exist in North Korea, as

Religion Both Koreas share a Buddhist and

Confucian heritage and a recent history of Christian and Cheondoism (â&#x20AC;&#x153;religion of the Heavenly Wayâ&#x20AC;?) movements.

constitution states that

* Irreligion: 15,460,000 (64.3% of population, the vast majority of which are adherents of the Juche philosophy) * Korean shamanism: 3,846,000 adher-

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TRAVEL ents (16% of population) * Cheondoism: 3,245,000 adherents (13.5% of population) * Buddhism: 1,082,000 adherents (4.5% of population) * Christianity: 406,000 adherents (1.7% of population)

Pyongyang was the center of Christian activity

in Korea until 1945. From the late forties 166 priests and other religious figures were killed or kidnapped (disappeared without trace), including Francis Hong Yong-ho, bishop of Pyongyang. No catholic priest survived the persecution, all churches were destroyed and the government never allowed any foreign priest to set up in North Korea. Today, four state-sanctioned churches exist, which freedom of religion advocates say are showcases for foreigners. Official government statistics report that there are 10,000 Protestants and 4,000 Roman Catholics in North Korea. According to a ranking published by Open Doors, an organization that supports persecuted Christians, North Korea is currently the country with the most severe persecution of Christians in the world. Open Doors estimates that 50000 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 70000 Christians are detained in North Korean prison camps. Human rights groups such as Amnesty International also have expressed

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concerns about religious persecution in North Korea.

Education

Education in North Korea is controlled by the government and is compulsory until the secondary level. Education in North Korea is free. The state also used to provide school uniforms free of charge until the early 1990s.

Heuristics is actively applied in order to develop the independence and creativity of students. Compulsory education lasts eleven years, and encompasses one year of preschool, four years of primary education and six years of secondary education.

TRON The silent system monitor known simply as Anon runs through the computer world of TRON: Evolution like a leather-and-neon-clad Prince of Persia, smoothly defying gravity in a digital display of free running. This movie tie-in title, too, shows some deft touches, mixing up extended sequences of wall jumping and chasm leaping with combat that’s appealing if a little simplistic. It doesn’t quite have the gameplay or visual variety to battle off feelings of repetitiveness, but for the most part, TRON: Evolution is a smooth ride through one of science fiction’s best known worlds.

Gravity hasn’t been hardcoded into the Grid. TRON: Evolution doesn’t tell the story of the new film, TRON: Legacy, but instead, it acts as a prequel, bridging the narrative gap between the original film and its sequel. The hero of the first movie--Kevin Flynn--now lives full time inside the computer world of the Grid, and it’s a rocky time for him and the Grid’s digital dudes. A new form of sentient life has appeared--the Isos--and many existing programs are distrustful of the new race. An

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evolution

Written by Mark Lundberg

GAMES

aggressive virus led by the villain Abraxas is also sweeping the world, turning both programs and Isos alike into nasty, green-tinted creatures with an unexplained penchant for dreadlocks. You play through this corrupted code base as Flynn’s trusted system monitor Anon, a completely silent avatar that lets his acrobatic moves and light disc carry him through most conversations. As a mute protagonist, Anon doesn’t do much to pull you into the story of TRON: Evolution, and the narrative itself isn’t that intriguing. Fans of the TRON universe, though, will get a kick out of references to the original film, and all of the voice actors (including an impressive Jeff Bridges sound-alike) do a good job of bringing the Grid to life. Anon’s only real expression in the game is through his actions, and when it comes to movement, Anon has a wide vocabulary.

BOOKS George W. Bush’s decisions were all correct. It was just the aftermath that sometimes became muddled. That, at least, is the impression one gets after reading this surprisingly robust memoir. For those who have missed “43” in the public eye (and for those who haven’t as well), his voice is evident on every page. Cocky, defiant, and, at times (especially when speaking about his family), emotional, this is the George Bush who insists that “everybody” believed

DECISION POINTS _ GEORGE W. BUSH there were weapons of mass destruction, that much of the blame for the postKatrina fiasco should be put on Louisiana’s local governments, and that Harriet Miers would have made a fine Supreme Court justice, given the chance. He does admit some mistakes (“Mission Accomplished”), but he stands by his big decisions and backs up his claims, which is simpler to do when the other side isn’t chiming in with their opinions and/or facts. Those who have followed Bush and his presidency will find many of the personal stories here familiar (how he stopped drinking; his whirlwind romance with Laura), but there are some fascinating reveals as well, including his affection for Ted Kennedy, his sometimes-complicated relationship with Dick Cheney, and his read-betweenthe-lines digs at Colin Powell. Some political memoirs (hello, Bill Clinton) are bloated journeys that devolve into pages and pages of, “and then I met . . .” Bush, smartly dividing the book into themes rather than telling the story chronologically, offers readers a genuine (and highly readable) look at his thought processes as he made huge decisions that will affect the nation and the world for decades. Many will ridicule his thinking and bemoan those decisions, but being George Bush, he won’t really care. --Ilene Cooper

AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MARK TWAIN In explaining his dissatisfaction with his early attempts to write his life story, Mark Twain blamed the narrowness of the conventional cradle-to-grave format: “The side-excursions are the life of our life-voyage, and should be, also, of its history.” This volume—the first of three—makes public autobiographical dictations in which Twain unpredictably pursues the many side-excursions of his remarkably creative life. Embedded in a substantial editorial apparatus, these free-spirited forays expose private aspects of character that the author did not want in print until he had been dead at least a century. Readers see, for instance, a misanthropic Twain consigning man to a status below that of the grubs and worms. --Bryce Christensen

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