Guide to Health and Beauty by The Island 360

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health&beauty health &beauty

a blank slate media / litmor publications special section â&#x20AC;˘ may 29, 2015

30 guide to health & beauty • News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015

Our Eyes Reveal Much About Our General Health

Eye Symptoms You Should Never Ignore

It is said that the eyes are the windows to the soul. But our eyes can also tell us much about our overall health. During an eye exam, doctors find clues to what’s going on in our eyes - and in the rest of the body. “Some eye diseases have no symptoms, so it’s important that everyone have a baseline eye exam starting at age 40. Anyone who has diabetes, is at risk for eye disease or has other vision issues should of course start earlier and have more frequent exams,” said Dr. Mark Fleckner, an ophthalmologist with offices in Garden City and Fresh Meadows, Queens. It’s not uncommon for patients to first learn they have another health problem, such as diabetes, high blood pressure or a thyroid condition in the ophthalmologist’s office during a routine eye exam, according to Dr. Fleckner, who specializes in diseases affecting the retina. The eye is the only place in the body where doctors can non-invasively see blood vessels. Since many illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension affect the blood vessels, physicians can pick up a disease before patients are aware of it. Dr. Flecker has a list of symptoms people should not ignore. A visit to an eye doctor is in order if you experience any of the following: • Yellow eyes. A yellowing of the white part of the eye can be a symptom of hepatitis, a liver disease. • Bulging eyes. If someone’s eyes suddenly appear to be bulging, it may be a sign of a thyroid problem. Bulging eyes can also be a manifestation of other diseases, such as a tumor behind the eye.

• Red or bloodshot eyes. Red eyes don’t always mean you didn’t get enough sleep. They can be a sign of an over-active thyroid, allergy or an eye infection. • A sty or other growth on or near the eyelid. Any growth should be checked by a doctor. Certain eyelid or skin cancers can look like a sty or pimple. • Dry eyes. This condition often affects people when they get older or experience hormonal changes. But dry eyes can also signal an autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis. • Watery or tearing eyes. This can be a sign of corneal disease, a blocked tear duct, or an eyelash or lid problem. •

Double vision. When double vision occurs, it could be related to thyroid disease, a brain problem, a tumor or another disease.

• Seeing halos around lights. Halos may indicate cataracts, glaucoma, corneal disease or contact lens overuse. • Dots and spots. People may see tiny objects that look like small dots, pieces of string or amoeba-like objects. They can develop with normal aging. However, if they appear suddenly as hundreds of small black particles, it can be a sign of a retinal tear or detachment.

Anyone who would like more information about eye conditions is invited to visit www.drmarkfleckner.com.

Mark Fleckner, M.D. • Gila Zilkha, M.D. • Andrew Brookner, M.D.

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Focus on Dr. Gila Zilkha Dr. Gila Zilkha is a Board-certified ophthalmologist specializing in diseases of the retina, such as diabetic eye disease and macular degeneration. She is on a mission to raise awareness of the importance of regular eye exams for people who have diabetes. Indeed, Dr. Zilkha has a special understanding of the challenges facing many of her patients, as she herself has diabetes. “Ophthalmology is the most gratifying medical field, as I am able to treat patients with whom I can directly relate,” she says. “Having diabetes myself has allowed me to gain a more profound understanding of the concerns of my patients and the impact of diabetes on their daily lives.” Dr. Zilkha, who has been featured on the cover of Diabetes Positive! Magazine, says it’s important for everyone with diabetes to have their eyes checked at least once a year. Diabetic eye disease, known as retinopathy, is the leading cause of blindness among adults ages 20 to 74. Although regular eye exams are a proven way to prevent vision loss, as many as 50 percent of people with diabetes don’t get their eyes checked on a regular basis or are diagnosed too late for treatment to be effective. “It’s very sad when you see someone whose vision loss could have been prevented with early detection,” Dr. Zilkha says.

Dr. Zilkha sees patients in the Garden City office of Dr. Mark Fleckner. Anyone who would like to make an appointment is invited to call

516-739-5905

News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015 • guide to health & beauty

Can beer boost brain power? A chemical component in beer hops has been shown to improve brain function in lab mice. It may one day help with age-relative cognitive decline.

here is newfound reason to indulge in a pint or two of your favorite beer, and it’s not just to catch up and share a few laughs with friends. New research has shown that a chemical compound in beer may be able to improve cognitive function. The beverage once thought to obliterate brain cells when consumed in abundance may actually have the opposite effect and boost brain power. No one should run out an start imbibing just yet, however. The study that ran in Behavioral Brain Research in October 2014 was preliminary and only conducted on lab mice. During the study, scientists discovered that xanthohumol, a type of flavonoid found in beer, seemed to improve brain function in the young mice given xanthohumol doses. The cognitive flexibility of the mice was tested with a specially designed maze, and younger mice showed signs of intellectual improvement. Older mice showed no improvements. Researchers believe xanthohumol and other flavonoids, such as those found in red wine, blueberries and dark chocolate, may play a role in helping a person form memories. The mice were given very high doses of the flavonoid. A person would have to drink roughly 2,000 liters of beer a

day to equal what the mice consumed to show improvement. However, should a supplement hit the market down the road, it may just be possible for men and women to consume a potentially beneficial amount of xanthohumol without bellying up at the bar. One of the goals of the xanthohumol study was to examine its potential efficacy at treating age-related deficits in memory. Xanthohumol also may benefit those with metabolic syndrome, a condition associated with obesity and high blood pressure, as it can speed metabolism and reduce fatty acids in the liver. Flavonoids are plant compounds that often provide plants with their color. Scientists have attributed many health benefits to flavonoids in foods and plants and have even suggested flavonoids can help in the fight against cancer and heart disease. Xanthohumol is rare and is most often found in the hops commonly used to make beer. While doctors and researchers do not suggest running out and consuming a few six packs right now in the goal of improving brain function and cramming for that next test, xanthohumol may one day be harvested from beer hops to slow down age-related memory deficits.

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32 guide to health & beauty • News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015

Can human growth hormone cheat aging? Human growth hormone performs a number of biological functions and is in abundance when children and adolescents are growing. But HGH has recently become a coveted cosmetic supplement designed to improve metabolism, fend off weight gain and restore the vigor of youth. The off-label use of HGH has resulted in a multibillion dollar industry but not without significant controversy. HGH, also known as somatotropin or somatropin, is a natural substance excreted by the pituitary gland in the brain. It stimulates growth and cell reproduction and regeneration. As a person ages, his or her HGH levels decrease. In certain instances, doctors will prescribe HGH to treat children’s growth disorders or deficiencies in adults. However, some patients seek it for improved vitality or as an anabolic

agent to improve athletic performance. Many people view HGH as the fountain of youth because it can help diminish wrinkles and the physical signs of aging while improving energy levels and helping fight depression. But while HGH has its upside, there is still much to be learned about this complicated hormone. Several small clinical studies have looked at HGH in the injectable form. Many tout the efficacy of the hormone in growing muscles and bone, improving skin, ramping up sexual drive, and helping with weight loss. According to Stuart Weinerman, M.D., Division of Endocrinology at North Shore/Long Island Jewish Hospital, and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Hofstra/North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, the largest review of trials with HGH demonstrate that long-term

use of growth hormone caused an average 2.3 kilogram (about 5 lbs) loss of weight, 2.6 kg (5.6 lbs) loss of fat, 1.4 kg (3 lbs) increase in lean body mass and no consistent change in bone density. Patients using HGH tend to feel better, too, as seen in quality of life scores. But these benefits often come at a cost. One significant disadvantage of HGH injections is that they are very expensive. Over the course of a year, men and women receiving HGH injections can expect to pay thousands of dollars for those injections, particularly if they are not covered by insurance. Injections also can only be given by a licensed medical practitioner, requiring multiple trips to the doctor during the course of therapy. Another pitfall of injectable HGH is

that it is an artificial source of the hormone. When the body becomes accustomed to receiving HGH from an external source, the pituitary gland may decrease the natural production of HGH. Should a person cease therapy, he or she may find that they are now deficient in the hormone. The Mayo Clinic says that HGH isn’t the magical answer for staving off aging. The organization warns that there is little evidence that taking HGH supplements provides any measurable benefit for healthy individuals and it may actually result in side effects that are unhealthy. These can include carpal tunnel syndrome, swelling in the arms and legs, joint pain, muscle pain, and enlargement of breast tissue in men. HGH also may contribute to conditions such as diabetes and heart disease.

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News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015 • guide to health & beauty

Natural ways to alleviate anxiety improves mood and supports long-term health, and for some anxiety sufferers that’s enough to alleviate their condition. Even a relatively short 30-minute daily workout can be very effective at treating anxiety.

o one is immune to anxiety, which can be triggered by a number of factors. Many people who deal with anxiety can trace their episodes to family, finances or work, but other circumstances, including personal health or even fear of traveling, can lead to anxiety that’s difficult to manage. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the United States, affecting roughly 40 million adults age 18 and older. Anxiety also is a significant issue in Canada, where the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada reports that such disorders are the most prevalent mental illness affecting Canadian adults. While many rely on prescription medication to treat their anxiety, those suffering from anxiety disorders may want to discuss natural alternatives to such medications with their physicians. The following are some natural ways to treat anxiety that may help anxiety sufferers deal with their disorder without the need for medication. • Chamomile: An ancient medicinal herb, chamomile is experiencing a resurgence of sorts. The dried flowers of chamomile contain many terpenoids and flavonoids that increase its medicinal properties. In fact, a study at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center that examined the efficacy of chamomile at treating generalized anxiety disorder found that patients who took chamomile supplements for eight weeks experienced a significant decrease in their symptoms compared to those given a placebo. Chamomile tea has grown increasingly popular in recent years, but those suffering from anxiety may want to discuss with their doctors chamomile supplements as a means to treating their anxiety. • Valerian: Used to treat insomnia, valerian is a sedative herb that is best taken at night. Some people drink valerian tea to reduce their anxiety, but the aroma of valerian tea can be unpleasant. If that aroma is simply too pungent, valerian can be taken as a capsule or tincture. But valerian should really only be taken at night thanks to its sedative compounds.

• Exercise: Treating anxiety does not necessarily have to involve putting something into your body. Exercise can be an effective antidote to anxiety, especially for those people whose anxiety can be traced to their concerns about their long-term health. Regular exercise

• Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids can benefit the body in a variety of ways. Though most widely associated with promoting cardiovascular health, omega-3 fatty acids also have been linked to alleviating anxiety. In a 2011 study published in the journal Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, students who received omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids before an exam experienced a 20 percent reduction in anxiety symptoms over those who received a placebo. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids include salmon and other oily, cold water fishes. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements also are available, but men and women should discuss such supplements and any potential side effects with their physicians before taking anything. Anxiety is a significant concern for millions of people across the globe. But those suffering from anxiety may be able to treat their conditions naturally.

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34 guide to health & beauty • News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015

Tips for yoga beginners

Though it might once have been considered a trend, yoga has long since moved on from trendy territory to become a more widely accepted discipline that is practiced by millions for its positive impact on mental and physical health. Though yoga is an ancient practice, only recently has it become so popular in the western hemisphere, where Sports Marketing Surveys found that roughly 20 million Americans over the age of 18 practiced yoga in 2012. That’s a considerable increase from just four years earlier, when just under 16 million Americans admitted to practicing yoga. The growing popularity of yoga likely comes as no surprise to its many practitioners, who often credit yoga with relieving stress and improving overall fitness. In addition, yoga can also help alleviate chronic pain and, according to the Mayo Clinic, reduce risk factors for chronic conditions such as heart disease and high

blood pressure. While yoga is beneficial in many ways, it’s important that men and women not mistake yoga for medical treatment. Though yoga may be part of an individual’s treatment plan, it’s still necessary that men and women with medical conditions rely on their health care providers for treatment. For example, doctors may recommend yoga to individuals dealing with elevated stress levels, but doctors also may want their patients to take certain medications in order to lower those stress levels. Yoga on its own may be effective, but men and women should still seek professional medical treatment when dealing with health problems. It’s also important that men and women beginning a yoga regimen not take it lightly. Though the atmosphere in a typical yoga studio tends to be serene, yoga is a physically demanding discipline, and those unprepared to deal with such demands often find themselves suffering from injuries. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, injuries to the neck, shoulders, spine, legs, and knees are possible when practitioners of yoga do not exercise proper technique and caution. So it pays for beginners to heed the following warnings when beginning a yoga regimen.

Work with a professional. No matter how long your neighbor insists he or she has practiced yoga, it’s still best that you learn the discipline from a certified instructor. Your neighbor might know all of the poses, but an instructor with credentials can help men and women with preexisting medical conditions avoid poses that can exacerbate such conditions. Novices might not know that certain poses can increase injury risk for sufferers of osteoporosis, spinal problems and high or low blood pressure. When trying yoga for the first time, always work with a professional, making sure to discuss any preexisting medical conditions before your initial session. Take things slowly. Its reputation as a calming discipline often gives beginners the mistaken impression that yoga is an easy discipline to grasp. However, it’s best for beginners to take things slowly before attempting to perform difficult stretches and poses. Yoga is not a competition, so give yourself adequate time to learn proper breathing techniques and figure out ways to maintain your balance. Once you have mastered such techniques, you can then begin to try your hand at more advanced poses. Warm up before each session. Men and women should warm up before beginning

any exercise regimen, and yoga is no exception. Stiff, cold muscles can lead to serious injury whether you’re playing basketball or stretching into a yoga pose. Warm up your muscles with a few minutes of light cardiovascular exercise before beginning a yoga session to reduce your risk of muscle tears or pain when you start stretching or posing.

Dress appropriately. Flexibility is essential when practicing yoga, so make sure your clothing is not restrictive. Women can buy pants made specifically for yoga that stretch easily, making it easier to perform various poses and stretches. Men may also be able to find pants made specifically for yoga, but if not, athletic shorts or track pants can work just as well. Stop if you feel any physical problems. It is not uncommon, especially for beginners, to experience feelings of dizziness or feel as if your body is becoming overheated during yoga. In such instances, stop immediately, as yoga is supposed to be a pain-free discipline. Ask the instructor for help the moment you start to feel faint, dizzy, overheated, or injured. Physical problems during yoga may be a byproduct of dehydration, so be sure to begin your session fully hydrated and remain so throughout your workout.

The basics of boosting metabolism Men and women looking to shed a few pounds and keep those pounds off often look for ways to boost their metabolisms. Some may not know just what metabolism means, and though it is a complicated combination of processes, metabolism is perhaps best explained as the sum of those processes, each of which is instituted to convert food into energy. So it’s no surprise that so many people, especially men and women whose metabolisms have begun to slow down, want to boost their metabolism and turn that food into energy more quickly. Though metabolism is a collection of complicated processes, boosting metabolism can be rather easy. The following are a handful of ways to do so, which can help men and women reach their fitness goals. Eat the right foods and eat more often. Many adults have been turned on to the concept of grazing, an approach to diet wherein adherents eat small portions of food every two to three hours instead of the more traditional three square

meals per day. But grazing is only effective when men and women eat the right foods. Each small meal should still have nutritional value just as if it were a large meal. When eating smaller meals, include healthy sources of protein and fiber. Vegetables tend to be especially beneficial because they are high in fiber, a nondigestible carbohydrate that is hard for the body to break down. As the body works hard to break down fiber, it’s burning energy and boosting its metabolism along the way. Fish is another potentially beneficial food for those looking to boost their metabolisms, as studies have shown that the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oils increase the levels of fat-burning enzymes in the body while decreasing the body’s level of fat-storage enzymes. Eating more often benefits the body because doing so stimulates metabolism, reassuring the body that food will be coming on a regular basis. When meals are skipped or there are long intervals between meals, the body reacts as if it might run out of food and begins to store fat.

Add some lean muscle. Lean muscle can boost metabolism, so a workout dominated by cardiovascular exercise won’t have as positive an impact on metabolism as one that includes a combination of weight training and aerobic exercise. When muscles are worked hard, the body needs to work hard to recover and rebuild those muscles, burning more calories and boosting metabolism as a result. Don’t believe everything you read or hear. Suggestions abound as to ways to significantly improve metabolism. Unfortunately, many of these suggestions boost metabolism but not enough to help people lose weight, which is the ultimate goal of many people looking to boost their metabolisms. For example, green tea has its proponents who feel it can have a significant impact on metabolism thanks to EGCG, a compound found in the tea that has been proven to elevate metabolism. However, the impact of EGCG on boosting metabolism is negligible, and therefore won’t make much of an impact on a person’s weight. The same can be said about capsaicin,

an active component found in chili peppers that some feel boosts metabolism enough to promote weight loss. Though capsaicin can boost metabolism slightly, studies have shown that influence is not significant enough to affect a person’s weight.

Don’t get too comfortable. Modern technology may be a reason why waist sizes are getting bigger. Heating and cooling systems may be musthave items, but when the body is too comfortable, it burns less energy to stay warm in the winter or comfortably cool in the summer. A study from the National Institute of Health Clinical Center found that people who slept in a room kept at 66 F burned 7 percent more calories than those who slept in a room at 75 F. Sleeping in a cooler room may just be the easiest way for men and women to boost their metabolisms. Boosting metabolism and shedding extra pounds is a goal for many men and women. But while metabolism is a complex set of processes, the various ways to effectively boost that metabolism can be quite simple.

News Times Newspapers, Friday, May 29, 2015 • guide to health & beauty

Foods that pack a nutritious punch

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healthy diet is essential to long-term health. When coupled with routine exercise, healthy diets can be an effective way for men and women to reduce their risk of contracting a variety of diseases, not to mention the positive impact that such a healthy lifestyle can have on an individual’s quality of life. The following are a handful of easily found foods that pack a nutritious punch. Whole wheat and multigrain pasta: Once difficult to find, these low-calorie alternatives to traditional pastas are now available in many large chain grocery stores as well as organic marketplaces. That’s good news, as a typical two-ounce serving of whole wheat or multigrain pasta typically includes about seven grams of protein and six grams of fiber. Nonfat Greek yogurt: Nonfat Greek yogurt is a great low-calorie source of protein, making it a great snack option for men and women who want a snack that can boost their afternoon energy levels without compromising their waistlines. Single serving containers of Greek yogurt tend to be right around six ounces, and that six ounces can include 120 grams of protein or more. Russet potatoes: If baked potatoes are a side dish you typically only enjoy in restaurants, you might want to consider eating more of them at home. One medium-sized Russet potato is

roughly 170 calories and includes three grams of fiber, five grams of protein and 25 percent of your daily recommended dosage of potassium. Russet potatoes also are high in vitamin C and iron. Fresh spinach: Popeye was on to something, as a four cup serving of fresh bagged spinach is just 20 calories and loaded with vitamins and nutrients. Just one serving of fresh bagged spinach can provide 160 percent of the recommended daily value of vitamin A and 40 percent of the daily value of vitamin C. Spinach is also a great source of folic acid, which can help prevent heart disease, stroke and certain types of cancer. Dried lentils: Dried lentils make great additions to salads, soups and stews and pack a nutritious punch despite their relatively small serving size. A single serving of dried lentils is 1⁄4 cup, and that serving includes 10 grams of protein and 11 grams of fiber. Brown rice: A single 1⁄4 cup serving of brown rice has roughly 20 less calories than a similar serving of traditional white rice, and brown rice is also a much greater source of dietary fiber (1.8 grams) than white rice (0.4 grams). Brown rice also is rich in selenium, which can reduce a person’s risk of developing arthritis, certain cancers and heart disease.

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